1
|
Antoniadis M, Blum M, Ussat M, Laufs U, Lenk K. Standardized angiographic projections allow evaluation of coronary artery side branches with quantitative flow ratio (QFR). Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2024; 50:101349. [PMID: 38322018 PMCID: PMC10844669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2024.101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel, software-based noninvasive method for the quantitative evaluation of coronary physiology. QFR results correlate with invasive FFR measurements in the three main epicardial coronary arteries. However, QFR data for the evaluation of coronary side branches (SB) are scarce. The evaluation of QFR-performance of SB was retrospective and prospective. Eighty-seven patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome, who received angiography using routine core lab projections, were retrospectively analyzed. On the second part 37 patients, who received angiography using recommended standardized coronary angiography projections, were prospectively analyzed. Quantitative analysis was performed for SB with a maximum lumen diameter proximal of ≥2 mm based on quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) by two certified experts with the software QAngio XA 3D 3.2. Using routine projections, QFR computation in 55 % of the SB were obtained (123 out of 224). Using standardized projections, 85 % of SB were computed by QFR (64 out of 75; p < 0.001 vs routine projections). The fluoroscopy time for recommended projections was not significantly different as opposed to routine projections (3.75 ± 2.2 vs. 4.58 ± 3.00 min, p = 2.6986). Using the standardized projections was associated with a higher amount of contrast medium (53.44 ± 24.23 vs. 87.95 ± 43.73 ml, p < 0.01), longer overall procedure time (23.23 ± 16.35 vs. 36.14 ± 17.21 min, p < 0.01) and a higher dose area product (1152.28 ± 576.70 vs. 2540.68 ± 1774.07 cGycm2, p < 0.01). Our study shows that the blood flow of the vast majority of coronary SB can be determined non-invasively by QFR in addition to the main epicardial coronary arteries when standardized projections are used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Ussat
- Department of Cardiology, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - U. Laufs
- Department of Cardiology, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K. Lenk
- Department of Cardiology, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Antoniadis M, Blum M, Ussat M, Laufs U, Lenk K. Evaluation of coronary artery side branches (SB) with Quantitative Flow Ratio (QFR) by comparing the use of recommended angiographic projections with routine angiographic projections as Reference. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Contrast-flow quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel, noninvasive method for the quantitative evaluation of coronary physiology using computational fluid dynamics based on 3D vessel reconstruction in angiograms. Computing this 3D-model with analyzing the dynamics of the contrast medium flow with a specialized algorithm, the software computes the virtual FFR. This new technique has shown a high accuracy in determining the functional significance of coronary stenosis of the three main epicardial coronary arteries using the gold standard FFR as reference. However, QFR data for the evaluation of coronary side branches (SB) are scarce. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the feasibility of this novel method to analyze SB and to characterize optimal viewing angles for evaluation using QFR.
Methods
A total of 87 patients, who underwent invasive coronary angiography with routine core lab projections, were enrolled in the study and were analyzed retrospectively by two certified experts with the software QAngio XA 3D 3.2. In addition, 37 patients were enrolled prospectively using coronary angiography projections recommended for the virtual QFR-Analysis. Quantitative Analysis was performed only for SB with a maximum lumen diameter (MLD) of ≥2mm. The following outcome parameters were analyzed: baseline characteristics, anatomical SB parameters such as MLD (mm) and vessel length (VL; mm) of the SB, result of the QFR-computation and procedure parameters, such as use of applicated contrast medium and fluoroscopy time.
Results
187 side branches (obtuse marginal [OM], diagonal branch [DB], intermediate artery [IA], posterolateral branch [PLB] and posterior descending artery [PDA]) were analyzed using QFR. Out of 87 patients undergoing an invasive coronary angiography with routine core lab projections with 244 SB ≥2mm, 123 SB (55%) were computable with the use of QFR. In the prospective cohort of 37 patients with recommended angiographic projections for QFR analysis of main branches, 75 SB ≥2mm were found. 64 of the 75 SB (84%) were computable with the use of QFR. The use of recommended projections led to an overall higher evaluability of SB (85% vs. 55%). The data show that the fluoroscopy time for recommended QFR projections was not significantly different as the time for routine cath lab projections (3.7±2.2 vs. 4.6±3, p=2.69). The study shows a significant increase of the amount of contrast medium used for QFR projections (55.4±24.2 vs. 87.9±43.7, p<0.01).
Conclusion
To our knowledge this is the first study evaluating QFR for SB analysis. QFR is feasible for the routine assessment of side branches (SD) with MLD ≥2mm. The use of recommended projections significantly improved the quality of the QFR SB analysis apart from PDA, without increasing the fluoroscopy time during coronary angiography. Overall QFR could increase the use of physiologically guided coronary interventions, not only for the main epicardial vessels, but also for the SB.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Antoniadis
- University hospital Leipzig AoR , Leipzig , Germany
| | - M Blum
- University hospital Leipzig AoR , Leipzig , Germany
| | - M Ussat
- University hospital Leipzig AoR , Leipzig , Germany
| | - U Laufs
- University hospital Leipzig AoR , Leipzig , Germany
| | - K Lenk
- University hospital Leipzig AoR , Leipzig , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Blum M, McKendrick K, Gelfman L, Goldstein N. Comparison of one-year survival prediction tools in patients with advanced heart failure. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Predicting survival in patients with advanced heart failure (HF) remains difficult and prognostic scores such as the Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM) are cumbersome to use. Alternative approaches like the Surprise Question (SC) or the number of HF hospitalisations within the last year (NoH) could simplify prognostication.
Purpose
We assessed the prognostic utility of the SHFM, SC and NoH for predicting one-year survival status in patients with advanced HF.
Methods
A secondary analysis of a multisite, single-blinded cluster-randomized, controlled trial to test whether a structured intervention of educational content and automated reminders increased the likelihood of ICD deactivation conversations and ICD deactivation. The study was performed within the advanced HF practices at six US academic medical centers, between September 2011 to February 2016. Patient eligibility criteria included advanced HF, an implantable cardiac defibrillator and a high risk of death, with complete data on SHFM, SC, NoH and one-year survival status. SHFM survival was calculated from baseline variables; the SC (“Would you be surprised if the patient were to die within one year?”) was answered by cardiologists; and the NoH was extracted from medical records. For prediction of survival status, cut-offs for predicted survival per SHFM and NoH were chosen empirically by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis maximising Youden's index. The resulting binary prediction models were assessed based on area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity.
Results
Of the 535 subjects in our sample, 82 (15.3%) had died after one-year of follow-up. For the SHFM and the NoH, optimal cut-offs were found to be a predicted survival <86% and ≥2 hospitalisations, respectively.
Performance metrics of prognostic models are detailed in Table 1. The SHFM yielded an AUC of 0.65 (0.60–0.71 95% confidence interval [CI]), a sensitivity of 0.76 (0.65–0.84 95% CI), and a specificity of 0.55 (0.50–0.60 95% CI). The SC demonstrated a comparable AUC 0.58 (0.54–0.63 95% CI), similar sensitivity 0.84 (0.74–0.91 95% CI), but lower specificity 0.33 (0.28–0.37 95% CI) compared to the SHFM. The NoH demonstrated a comparable AUC 0.56 (0.50–0.62 95% CI), similar sensitivity 0.56 (0.45–0.67 95% CI), and similar specificity 0.56 (0.51–0.61 95% CI) compared to the SHFM. The combination of positive SC and NoH ≥2 showed significantly higher specificity compared to the SHFM (0.68 [0.64–0.73 95% CI]).
Conclusion
The SC and NoH are clinically feasible bedside alternatives to the more complex SHFM model, yet yield similar overall prognostic utility for one-year survival status among advanced HF patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Blum
- Charite University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - K McKendrick
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, New York, United States of America
| | - L.P Gelfman
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, New York, United States of America
| | - N.E Goldstein
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mahmoud EM, Sayed M, Awaad M, El-Zomor ST, Blum M, Killinger A, Gadow R, Naga SM. Evaluation of Ti/Al alloy coated with biogenic hydroxyapatite as an implant device in dogs' femur bones. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2021; 32:119. [PMID: 34487244 PMCID: PMC8421309 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06589-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The main target of the present research was a full assessment of the toxicity effects and biocompatibility of a Ti/Al-alloy device coated with biogenic hydroxyapatite (bHA) when implanted in dogs in comparison with those of an uncoated Ti/Al-alloy device. The coating of the alloy was carried out using controlled high-velocity suspension flame spray (HVSFS) technique. Both coated and uncoated devices were implanted in dogs' femur bones for different time periods (45 days and 90 days). Bone-formation ability and healing were followed up, and blood analysis was performed, at Time zero (immediately post surgery), and then at 3 days, 45 days, and 90 days post surgery. Bone mineral density checks, radiological scans of the femur bone, and histological analysis were also conducted. The in-vivo study results proved that implantation of a device made from bHA-coated Ti/Al alloy in dogs' femur bones is completely safe. This is due to the high osteoconductivity of the coated alloy, which enables the formation of new bone and a full connection between new and original bone material. At 90 days post surgery, the coated alloy had been completely digested within the original bone; thus, it appeared as a part of the femur bone and not as a foreign body. Both the scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray and histology analysis findings affirmed the results. Furthermore, the blood tests indicated no toxicity effects during the 90 days of implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E M Mahmoud
- Refractories, Ceramics and building materials Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - M Sayed
- Refractories, Ceramics and building materials Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Awaad
- Refractories, Ceramics and building materials Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S T El-Zomor
- Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Blum
- Institute for Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites (IMTCCC), Stuttgart University, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - A Killinger
- Institute for Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites (IMTCCC), Stuttgart University, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - R Gadow
- Institute for Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites (IMTCCC), Stuttgart University, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - S M Naga
- Refractories, Ceramics and building materials Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schargus M, Wachtlin J, Aisenbrey S, Blum M, Framme C, Hattenbach LO, Hoerauf H, Kaskel-Paul S, Geerling G. [Current situation of allocation of academic medical personnel in ophthalmology departments in Germany]. Ophthalmologe 2020; 117:905-913. [PMID: 32761414 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-020-01203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present minimum nursing staff numbers have been defined and are being implemented. In December 2019 the German Medical Association asked the German professional associations about their general experience with planning of medical personnel in hospital departments. As no structured data were available on this subject, the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG) founded a working group in March 2020 to answer this request. METHOD In the course of several consensus meetings, the working group on personnel planning for physicians in hospitals of the DOG prepared a questionnaire on previous experiences in personnel planning of eye hospitals, which was sent to the heads of all university eye hospitals and departments of ophthalmology in Germany. The questionnaire consisted of individual items with fixed choices and free answers regarding the procedure and current situation of staffing as well as the range of tasks and organization of the medical service. RESULTS Out of 104 departments 53 (51%) responded, of which 25 were from university departments (64% response), 23 from departments of other public or non-profit ownership (46%) and 5 from departments with private hospital ownership (33%). Of these 49% stated that there was no transparent basis for calculation of the number of medical positions in their hospital. Of the surveyed departments, outpatient tasks, services and revenues were considered in the calculations in only 47%. There was a statistically significant higher ratio of full-time personnel to the numbers of beds in university departments compared to private and publicly owned non-profit institutions (p < 0.001, t‑test). All departments have to cope with multiple additional tasks in addition to clinical patient care, which are taken into account only to a limited extent in the staffing. Approximately 70% of the departments provide a 24 h/7 day (24/7) medical on-call service on site, 91% have a 24/7 surgery on-call service and 34% have a cooperation with emergency services run by the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians. CONCLUSION The results show how heterogeneously and nontransparent German departments of ophthalmology are staffed in terms of medical doctors. On average, university departments have higher personnel resources per hospital bed to cope with additional tasks in research and teaching. Outpatient tasks, which contribute significantly to the revenues of an eye department, and multiple other tasks are often not taken into account in the personnel calculation. A transparent and uniform basis for calculation of the medical staff of the departments is desirable in order to achieve a sufficient personnel staffing for a patient and employee-oriented working environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Schargus
- Asklepios Augenklinik Nord-Heidberg, Tangstedter Landstr. 400, 22417, Hamburg, Deutschland.
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
| | - J Wachtlin
- Augenklinik, Sankt-Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Deutschland
- MHB, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Deutschland
| | - S Aisenbrey
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - M Blum
- Augenklinik, HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - C Framme
- Universitätsklinik für Augenheilkunde, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - L-O Hattenbach
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Klinikum Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Deutschland
| | - H Hoerauf
- Augenklinik, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - S Kaskel-Paul
- Augenklinik, Klinikum Lüdenscheid, Lüdenscheid, Deutschland
| | - G Geerling
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rao L, Comfort A, Goodman S, Stern L, Shah N, Fuentes L, Brandi K, Robinson J, Gatimu J, Blum M, Harper C. P53 Contraceptive metrics for LARC removal: Findings from a contraceptive intervention. Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
7
|
Kutzner L, Goloshchapova K, Rund KM, Jübermann M, Blum M, Rothe M, Kirsch SF, Schunck WH, Kühn H, Schebb NH. Human lipoxygenase isoforms form complex patterns of double and triple oxygenated compounds from eicosapentaenoic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158806. [PMID: 32841762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipoxygenases (ALOX) are lipid peroxidizing enzymes that catalyze the biosynthesis of pro- and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators and have been implicated in (patho-)physiological processes. In humans, six functional ALOX isoforms exist and their arachidonic acid oxygenation products have been characterized. Products include leukotrienes and lipoxins which are involved in the regulation of inflammation and resolution. Oxygenation of n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids gives rise to specialized pro-resolving mediators, e.g. resolvins. However, the catalytic activity of different ALOX isoforms can lead to a multitude of potentially bioactive products. Here, we characterized the patterns of oxygenation products formed by human recombinant ALOX5, ALOX15, ALOX15B and ALOX12 from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its 18-hydroxy derivative 18-HEPE with particular emphasis on double and triple oxygenation products. ALOX15 and ALOX5 formed a complex mixture of various double oxygenation products from EPA, which include 5,15-diHEPE and various 8,15-diHEPE isomers. Their biosynthetic mechanisms were explored using heavy oxygen isotopes (H218O, 18O2 gas) and three catalytic activities contributed to product formation: i) fatty acid oxygenase activity, ii) leukotriene synthase activity, iii) lipohydroperoxidase activity. For ALOX15B and ALOX12 more specific product patterns were identified, which was also the case when these enzymes reacted in concert with ALOX5. Several double oxygenated compounds were formed from 18-HEPE by ALOX5, ALOX15B and ALOX12 including previously identified resolvins (RvE2, RvE3), while formation of triple oxygenation products, e.g. 5,17,18-triHEPE, required ALOX5. Taken together our data show that EPA can be converted by human ALOX isoforms to a large number of secondary oxygenation products, which might exhibit bioactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kutzner
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Kateryna Goloshchapova
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rund
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Martin Jübermann
- Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Maximilian Blum
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Rothe
- Lipidomix GmbH, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan F Kirsch
- Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Wolf-Hagen Schunck
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kühn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, CCO-Building, Virchowweg 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lenk K, Schwarzbach V, Antoniadis M, Blum M, Zeynalova S, Hagendorff A, Leistner D, Landmesser U, Lavall D, Laufs U. Angiography-based quantitative coronary contrast-flow ratio measurements correlate with myocardial ischemia assessed by stress MRI. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 36:1407-1416. [PMID: 32367188 PMCID: PMC7381441 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-01855-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Contrast-flow quantitative flow ratio (cQFR) is a new technology for quantitative evaluation of coronary stenosis using computational fluid dynamics based on angiograms. The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of cQFR to detect myocardial ischemia using stress magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a reference standard. Patients who received stress MRI and coronary angiography were selected from the hospital database. Relevant ischemia on stress MRI was defined as a perfusion deficit in ≥ 2 of 16 segments. cQFR was quantitated based on 3-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography using QAngio XA3D1.1 software by two blinded and independent investigators. A cQFR of ≤ 0.80 was considered abnormal. Among 87 patients 230 vessels met the criteria for full analysis by cQFR (88%). In vascular territories with a significant perfusion deficit, cQFR was significantly lower compared to areas with normal perfusion (0.72 (0.62–0.78) vs. 0.96 (0.89–0.99); p < 0.001). The sensitivity of cQFR in detecting significant epicardial stenoses of coronary vessels with documented ischemia in stress MRI was 81% (68–90%), the specificity was 88% (82–92%). Diameter stenoses (DS) and area stenoses (AS) in vessels with positive stress MRI were significantly higher than in vessels without ischemia (DS 59.1% (49.4–68.4%) vs. 34.8% (27.1–46.1%) p < 0.001; AS 75.6% (63.0–85.2%) vs. 45.0% (30.8–63.6%), p < 0.001). The analysis reveals a high correlation between coronary stenosis measured by cQFR and ischemic areas detected by stress MRI. The data set the stage to plan randomized studies assessing cQFR measurements with regard to clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Lenk
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Valentin Schwarzbach
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marios Antoniadis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maximilian Blum
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Samira Zeynalova
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Hagendorff
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Leistner
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Berlin University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Lavall
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Laufs
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hoff U, Bubalo G, Fechner M, Blum M, Zhu Y, Pohlmann A, Hentschel J, Arakelyan K, Seeliger E, Flemming B, Gürgen D, Rothe M, Niendorf T, Manthati VL, Falck JR, Haase M, Schunck W, Dragun D. A synthetic epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analogue prevents the initiation of ischemic acute kidney injury. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 227:e13297. [PMID: 31077555 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Imbalances in cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent eicosanoid formation may play a central role in ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI). We reported previously that inhibition of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) action ameliorated ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced AKI in rats. Now we tested the hypothesis that enhancement of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) actions may counteract the detrimental effects of 20-HETE and prevent the initiation of AKI. METHODS Male Lewis rats underwent right nephrectomy and ischemia was induced by 45 min clamping of the left renal pedicle followed by up to 48 h of reperfusion. Circulating CYP-eicosanoid profiles were compared in patients who underwent cardiac surgery with (n = 21) and without (n = 38) developing postoperative AKI. RESULTS Ischemia induced an about eightfold increase of renal 20-HETE levels, whereas free EETs were not accumulated. To compensate for this imbalance, a synthetic 14,15-EET analogue was administered by intrarenal infusion before ischemia. The EET analogue improved renal reoxygenation as monitored by in vivo parametric MRI during the initial 2 h reperfusion phase. The EET analogue improved PI3K- as well as mTORC2-dependent rephosphorylation of Akt, induced inactivation of GSK-3β, reduced the development of tubular apoptosis and attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration. The EET analogue also significantly alleviated the I/R-induced drop in creatinine clearance. Patients developing postoperative AKI featured increased preoperative 20-HETE and 8,9-EET levels. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological interventions targeting the CYP-eicosanoid pathway could offer promising new options for AKI prevention. Individual differences in CYP-eicosanoid formation may contribute to the risk of developing AKI in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Hoff
- Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Gordana Bubalo
- Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Mandy Fechner
- Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | | | - Ye Zhu
- Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Nephrology The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sun University Zhuhai China
| | - Andreas Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany
| | - Jan Hentschel
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany
| | - Karen Arakelyan
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Erdmann Seeliger
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Bert Flemming
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Dennis Gürgen
- Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | | | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany
| | | | - John R. Falck
- Biochemistry Department UT Southwestern Dallas Texas
| | - Michael Haase
- Medical Faculty Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Diaverum Deutschland Potsdam Germany
| | | | - Duska Dragun
- Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chandiramani R, Chen H, Cao D, Claessen B, Blum M, Goel R, Sartori S, Aquino M, Guedeney P, Effron M, Keller S, Baker B, Pocock S, Baber U, Mehran R. P1760Incidence and effects of stroke, MI and bleeding on mortality among patients with ACS undergoing PCI: a comparative analysis from the PROMETHEUS registry. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Stroke represents a potentially calamitous complication among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) even though its rates are relatively low. Data on the distribution of stroke occurrence over time and its overlap with myocardial infarction (MI) and bleeding after PCI is scarce.
Purpose
We sought to compare the occurrence and impacts of stroke, MI and bleeding on subsequent mortality in ACS patients undergoing PCI in contemporary clinical practice.
Methods
A total of 19,914 ACS patients who underwent PCI in the PROMETHEUS multi-center observational study were analyzed. We calculated the cumulative stroke incidence at 30 days and 1 year using Kaplan Meier (KM) method. We also compared the distribution of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and bleeding across time and evaluated the overlap between their occurrences. Predictors of 1 year stroke occurrence were identified through multivariable Cox-regression and stroke, MI and bleeding were entered as time-updated covariates to estimate their individual effects on subsequent mortality.
Results
Of the total number of patients, 244 patients (1.5%) had a stroke within 1 year. 48 of these patients also experienced an MI while another 48 patients experienced a bleeding event. Furthermore, 14 of these overlapping patients experienced a stroke, MI and bleeding event, all within the 1-year follow-up. Patients who sustained a stroke were more likely to have a prior history of cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, MI and heart failure compared to those who did not have a stroke. Mortality risk was significantly higher among those with stroke versus those without stroke (adjusted HR 4.84, p<0.0001). However, the association attenuated over time with a much larger effect in the first 30 days of its occurrence (adjusted HR 17.7, p<0.0001) versus beyond 30 days (adjusted HR 1.22; 95% CI: 0.6–2.46, p=0.58). Although the effects of MI and bleeding on subsequent mortality within 30 days of occurrence were significantly lower than stroke (adjusted HR 6.22, p<0.0001; adjusted HR 7.30, p<0.0001, respectively), their effects were more sustained on mortality beyond 30 days (adjusted HR 2.89, p<0.0001; adjusted HR 3.05, p<0.0001, respectively).
Conclusion
When compared with MI and bleeding, stroke had a substantially stronger impact on mortality that attenuated rapidly over time among ACS patients undergoing PCI. Optimization of modifiable risk factors and medication adherence are essential parts of management of stroke following PCI for ACS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Chandiramani
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - H Chen
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - D Cao
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - B Claessen
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - M Blum
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - R Goel
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - S Sartori
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - M Aquino
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - P Guedeney
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - M Effron
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, United States of America
| | - S Keller
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, United States of America
| | - B Baker
- Daiichi-Sankyo, Inc, Parsippany, United States of America
| | - S Pocock
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - U Baber
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| | - R Mehran
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lenk K, Schwarzbach V, Antoniadis M, Blum M, Hagendorff A, Lavall D, Laufs U. P2701Comparison of myocardial ischemia assessed by contrast-flow quantitative flow ratio (cQFR) and by stress MRI in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Contrast-flow quantitative flow ratio (cQFR) is a new technology for evaluation of coronary stenosis. cQFR allows to derive the fractional flow reserve (FFR) from coronary angiograms. Based on a three dimensional coronary model, FFR is calculated from computational fluid dynamics. Head to head comparisons with FFR showed an overall diagnostic accuracy of 85%. cQFR does not require coronary wires or hyperemia. However, the ability of cQFR to detect myocardial ischemia is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cQFR and myocardial ischemia assessed by stress magnetic resonance imaging (stress MRI).
Methods
cQFR analysis was performed in patients selected from the hospital database who received stress MRI and coronary angiography. A relevant ischemia on stressMRI was defined as a perfusion deficit in ≥2 of 16 segments. The cQFR was based on 3-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography (3D-QCA) using the QAngio XA 3D 1.1, Medis Medical Imaging System, Leiden, The Netherlands. Two blinded investigators analysed all 3 main coronary vessels of each patient measuring diameter stenosis (DS), area stenosis (AS) and cQFR. A cQFR of ≤0.8 was considered abnormal. The primary endpoint was sensitivity and specificity of cQFR using stress MRI as a reference standard.
Results
125 vessels of 53 patients could be fully analysed by cQFR (78.6%). The sensitivity of cQFR in detecting significant epicardial stenoses of coronary vessels with documented ischemia in stress MRI was 75%, the specificity was 87%. The 3D-QCA-derived diameter stenoses and area stenoses in vessels with positive stress MRI were significantly higher than in vessels without ischemia (see Table 1).
Table 1. Means of diameter stenosis (DS) und area stenosis (AS) with interquartile range (IQR) Total (n=125) Ischemia (n=32) No Ischemia (n=93) p-value DS [%] 42.3 (28.3–53.1) 57.1 (47–68.5) 37.7 (27.6–45.1) <0.0001 AS [%] 51.8 (32.4–69.7) 68.9 (56.8–85.9) 46.5 (29.7–62.7) <0.0001
Conclusion
The analysis reveals a high correlation between relevant coronary stenosis measured by cQFR and ischemic areas detected by stress MRI. Differences between the two methods are plausible because stress MRI detects ischemia due to other reasons than epicardial stenosis. Further randomized studies are mandatory to verify the prognostic significance of the cQFR measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Lenk
- Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - M Blum
- Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - D Lavall
- Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - U Laufs
- Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Weinhardt L, Benkert A, Meyer F, Blum M, Hauschild D, Wilks RG, Bär M, Yang W, Zharnikov M, Reinert F, Heske C. Local electronic structure of the peptide bond probed by resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:13207-13214. [PMID: 31179459 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02481f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soft X-ray emission spectroscopy and RIXS are used to determine the local electronic structure of the peptide bond.
Collapse
|
13
|
Goloshchapova K, Stehling S, Heydeck D, Blum M, Kuhn H. Functional characterization of a novel arachidonic acid 12S-lipoxygenase in the halotolerant bacterium Myxococcus fulvus exhibiting complex social living patterns. Microbiologyopen 2018; 8:e00775. [PMID: 30560563 PMCID: PMC6612559 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoxygenases are lipid peroxidizing enzymes, which frequently occur in higher plants and mammals. These enzymes are also expressed in lower multicellular organisms but here they are not widely distributed. In bacteria, lipoxygenases rarely occur and evaluation of the currently available bacterial genomes suggested that <0.5% of all sequenced bacterial species carry putative lipoxygenase genes. We recently rescreened the public bacterial genome databases for lipoxygenase-like sequences and identified two novel lipoxygenase isoforms (MF-LOX1 and MF-LOX2) in the halotolerant Myxococcus fulvus. Both enzymes share a low degree of amino acid conservation with well-characterized eukaryotic lipoxygenase isoforms but they involve the catalytically essential iron cluster. Here, we cloned the MF-LOX1 cDNA, expressed the corresponding enzyme as N-terminal hexa-his-tag fusion protein, purified the recombinant enzyme to electrophoretic homogeneity, and characterized it with respect to its protein-chemical and enzymatic properties. We found that M. fulvus expresses a catalytically active intracellular lipoxygenase that converts arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids enantioselectively to the corresponding n-9 hydroperoxy derivatives. The enzyme prefers C20 - and C22 -polyenoic fatty acids but does not exhibit significant membrane oxygenase activity. The possible biological relevance of MF-LOX1 will be discussed in the context of the suggested concepts of other bacterial lipoxygenases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Goloshchapova
- Institute of BiochemistryCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Sabine Stehling
- Institute of BiochemistryCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | - Dagmar Heydeck
- Institute of BiochemistryCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| | | | - Hartmut Kuhn
- Institute of BiochemistryCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Blum M, Dogan I, Karber M, Rothe M, Schunck WH. Chiral lipidomics of monoepoxy and monohydroxy metabolites derived from long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Lipid Res 2018; 60:135-148. [PMID: 30409844 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m089755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A chiral lipidomics approach was established for comprehensive profiling of regio- and stereoisomeric monoepoxy and monohydroxy metabolites of long-chain PUFAs as generated enzymatically by cytochromes P450 (CYPs), lipoxygenases (LOXs), and cyclooxygenases (COXs) and, in part, also unspecific oxidations. The method relies on reversed-phase chiral-LC coupled with ESI/MS/MS. Applications revealed partially opposing enantioselectivities of soluble and microsomal epoxide hydrolases (mEHs). Ablation of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) gene resulted in specific alterations in the enantiomeric composition of endogenous monoepoxy metabolites. For example, the (R,S)/(S,R)-ratio of circulating 14,15-EET changed from 2.1:1 in WT to 9.7:1 in the sEH-KO mice. Studies with liver microsomes suggested that CYP/mEH interactions play a primary role in determining the enantiomeric composition of monoepoxy metabolites during their generation and release from the ER. Analysis of human plasma showed significant enantiomeric excess with several monoepoxy metabolites. Monohydroxy metabolites were generally present as racemates; however, Ca2+-ionophore stimulation of whole blood samples resulted in enantioselective increases of LOX-derived metabolites (12S-HETE and 17S-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid) and COX-derived metabolites (11R-HETE). Our chiral approach may provide novel opportunities for investigating the role of bioactive lipid mediators that generally exert their physiological functions in a highly regio- and stereospecific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Blum
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Veeranki O, Tong Z, Mejia A, Katkhuda R, Mino B, Canales J, Garcia A, Lang W, Bassett R, Ajani J, Wu J, Kopetz S, Blum M, Hofstetter W, Kingsley C, Norton W, Maru D. A novel patient derived orthotopic xenograft model of gastro-esophageal junction cancer: Key platform for translational discoveries. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy151.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
16
|
Blum M, Kappler J, Schlindwein SH, Nieger M, Gudat D. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterisation and transmetalation of lithium and potassium diaminophosphanide-boranes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:112-119. [PMID: 29188837 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A secondary diaminophosphane-borane (Et2N)2PH(BH3) was prepared from a chlorophosphane precursor and LiBH4 and metalated by reaction with anion bases (n-BuLi, KN(SiMe3)2) to yield the corresponding metal diaminophosphanide-boranes [(Et2N)2P(BH3)]M (M = Li, K). Multinuclear NMR studies permitted the first spectroscopic characterisation of the metalation products and revealed the presence of monomeric (for M = Li) contact ion pairs in solution. NMR spectroscopic evidence that the ions in each pair interact via LiP- rather than LiH3B-interactions as had been inferred for a Ph-substituted analogue was confirmed by DFT studies, which revealed also that the borane coordination plays a decisive role in boosting the PH-acidity of the original secondary diaminophosphane precursor. Transmetalation of the potassium and lithium diaminophosphanide-boranes with Cu(i) and Zn(ii) chlorides afforded the first functional transition metal complexes of a P-heteroatom-functionalised phosphanide-borane ligand. Both products were fully characterised. Thermolysis of the Cu-complex induced a reaction which involved transfer of an NHC ligand from the metal to the phosphorus atom and yielded a phosphaalkene NHC[double bond, length as m-dash]PH (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) as the major phosphorus-containing product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Blum
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of elevated blood glucose level on the myogenic response of human retinal arterioles to acute increases in blood pressure is investigated. METHODS The vascular response to raised blood pressure (Bayliss effect) was measured in 12 healthy volunteers by use of the retinal vessel analyzer (RVA). For a 9-minute period an on-line measurement of the diameter of a retinal branch arteriole was performed. After the first 3 minutes (baseline measurement) a second phase with 3 minutes of isometric exercise caused an acute rise in blood pressure, followed by 3 minutes of recovery (phase III). After the first session 100 g glucose were administered per os. After 30 minutes blood glucose was measured again and an identical second session was performed with higher blood glucose levels. The Wilcoxon test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS During the first session a rise in mean arterial pressure of 22.8 (+/-8.4) mmHg was followed by an arterial vasoconstriction of -6.6 (+/-1.7) %. The administration of 100 g glucose resulted in a significant rise in blood glucose levels within 30 minutes between the two sessions (4.35 mmol/L vs 7.46 mmol/L) (p=0.002). The blood pressure rise of 25.7 (+/-7.3) mm Hg in the second session was associated with a significant loss in arterial vasoconstriction of -2.3 (+/-1.4) % (session I vs session II p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS The myogenic response of the arterial wall in human retinal arterioles was significantly reduced during acute rise of blood glucose levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Blum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Helios Klinikum Erfurt, Jena - Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Meyer F, Blum M, Benkert A, Hauschild D, Jeyachandran YL, Wilks RG, Yang W, Bär M, Reinert F, Heske C, Zharnikov M, Weinhardt L. Site-specific electronic structure of imidazole and imidazolium in aqueous solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07885d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structures of aqueous imidazole and imidazolium solutions are studied in an atom- and site-specific fashion using soft X-ray spectroscopy.
Collapse
|
19
|
Pahlitzsch T, Liu ZZ, Al-Masri A, Braun D, Dietze S, Persson PB, Schunck WH, Blum M, Kupsch E, Ludwig M, Patzak A. Hypoxia-reoxygenation enhances murine afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction by angiotensin II. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F430-F438. [PMID: 29070570 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00252.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) augments vasoreactivity to angiotensin II (ANG II). In particular, we compared an in situ live kidney slice model with isolated afferent arterioles (C57Bl6 mice) to assess the impact of tubules on microvessel response. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to estimate slice viability. Arterioles in the slices were located by differential interference contrast microscopy, and responses to vasoactive substances were assessed. Cytosolic calcium transients and NADPH oxidase (NOX) mRNA expression were studied in isolated afferent arterioles. SOD activity was measured in live slices. Both experimental models were subjected to control and H/R treatment (60 min). Slices were further analyzed after 30-, 60-, and 90-min hypoxia followed by 10- or 20-min reoxygenation (H/R). H/R resulted in enhanced necrotic tissue damage compared with control conditions. To characterize the slice model, we applied ANG II (10-7 M), norepinephrine (NE; 10-5 M), endothelin-1 (ET-1; 10-7 M), and ATP (10-4 M), reducing the initial diameter to 44.5 ± 2.8, 50.0 ± 2.2, 45.3 ± 2.6, and 74.1 ± 1.8%, respectively. H/R significantly increased the ANG II response compared with control in live slices and in isolated afferent arterioles, although calcium transients remained similar. TEMPOL incubation prevented the H/R effect on ANG II responses. H/R significantly increased NOX2 mRNA expression in isolated arterioles. SOD activity was significantly decreased after H/R. Enhanced arteriolar responses after H/R occurred independently from the surrounding tissue, indicating no influence of tubules on vascular function in this model. The mechanism of increased ANG II response after H/R might be increased oxidative stress and increased calcium sensitivity of the contractile apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Pahlitzsch
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin , Germany
| | - Zhi Zhao Liu
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin , Germany
| | - Amira Al-Masri
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin , Germany
| | - Diana Braun
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin , Germany
| | - Stefanie Dietze
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin , Germany
| | - Pontus B Persson
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin , Germany
| | | | - Maximilian Blum
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine , Berlin , Germany
| | - Eckehardt Kupsch
- PHZ Institut für Pathologie, Hannover Zentrum, Hannover , Germany
| | - Marion Ludwig
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin , Germany
| | - Andreas Patzak
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Refractive lenticule extraction (ReLEx/SMILE) is a refractive surgical method developed by the authors in stages primarily for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism, in which a femtosecond laser is exclusively used. In the (ReLEx/SMILE) method a refractive lenticule is generated by the femtosecond laser, which is subsequently extracted through a small incision. Opening of the corneal surface with a flap and use of an excimer laser is no longer necessary. In 2013 the method was newly assessed and classified by the Joint Commisssion for Refractive Surgery (KRC) of the Professional Association of Ophthalmologists (BVA) and the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG). This article presents the individual stages of the technique in a video and possible errors and their avoidance are explained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Blum
- Augenklinik HELIOS Klinikum Erfurt GmbH, Nordhäuser Str. 74, 99089, Erfurt, Deutschland.
| | - W Sekundo
- Augenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Marburg, Baldingerstr., 35043, Marburg, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hashemi D, Blum M, Kraft R, Mende M, Stoerk S, Angermann C, Pankuweit S, Wachter R, Edelmann F, Pieske B, Duengen H. P1082The history of syncope in heart failure. Mortality increases - but not in all. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
22
|
Meyer F, Blum M, Benkert A, Hauschild D, Jeyachandran YL, Wilks RG, Yang W, Bär M, Heske C, Reinert F, Zharnikov M, Weinhardt L. X-ray Emission Spectroscopy of Proteinogenic Amino Acids at All Relevant Absorption Edges. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:6549-6556. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b04291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Meyer
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M. Blum
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
| | - A. Benkert
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute
for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - D. Hauschild
- Institute
for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18/20, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Y. L. Jeyachandran
- Applied
Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R. G. Wilks
- Renewable
Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - W. Yang
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron
Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - M. Bär
- Renewable
Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Institut
für Physik, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
| | - C. Heske
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
- Institute
for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18/20, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - F. Reinert
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M. Zharnikov
- Applied
Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L. Weinhardt
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
- Institute
for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18/20, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hashemi D, Blum M, Mende M, Stoerk S, Angermann CE, Pankuweit S, Pieske B, Wachter R, Duengen HD. P1486Syncopes in heart failure - Robust predictor in all patients? Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux158.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
24
|
Blum J, Blum M, Rill MS, Haueisen J. [Flexible Guidance of Ultra-Short Laser Pulses in Ophthalmic Therapy Systems]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2017; 234:109-116. [PMID: 28135747 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-121422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the last 20 years, the role of ultrashort pulsed lasers in ophthalmology has become increasingly important. However, it is still impossible to guide ultra-short laser pulses with standard glass fibres. The highly energetic femtosecond pulses would destroy the fibre material, and non-linear dispersion effects would significantly change beam parameters. In contrast, photonic crystal fibres mainly guide the laser pulses in air, so that absorption and dispersive pulse broadening have essentially no effect. This article compares classical beam guidance with mirrors, lenses and prisms with photonic crystal fibres and describes the underlying concepts and the current state of technology. A classical mirror arm possesses more variable optical properties, while the HCF (Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibre) must be matched in terms of the laser energy and the laser spectrum. In contrast, the HCF has more advantages in respect of handling, system integration and costs. For applications based on photodisruptive laser-tissue interaction, the relatively low damage threshold of photonic crystal fibres compared to classic beam guiding systems is unacceptable. If, however, pulsed laser radiation has a sufficiently low peak intensity, e.g. as used for plasma-induced ablation, photonic crystal fibres can definitely be considered as an alternative solution to classic beam guidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Blum
- Institut für Biomedizinische Technik und Informatik, Technische Universität Ilmenau
| | - M Blum
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Helios Klinikum Erfurt GmbH
| | | | - J Haueisen
- Institut für Biomedizinische Technik und Informatik, Technische Universität Ilmenau
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Blum M, Sekundo W. [Refractive Surgery Needs Qualification!]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2017; 234:19. [PMID: 28135742 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-119127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
26
|
Blum M, Kunert KS, Sekundo W. [Historical Overview of the Clinical Development of the Small Incision Lenticule Extraction Surgery (SMILE)]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2017; 234:117-122. [PMID: 28135748 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-115944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The clinical use of femtosecond lasers has led to significant progress in the quality of refractive surgery. SMILE femtosecond laser surgery (SMILE: Small Incision Lenticule Extraction) permits the first one step intrastromal laser procedure without a flap. This article describes the gradual development of this surgery during the last ten years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Blum
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Helios Klinikum Erfurt GmbH
| | - K S Kunert
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Helios Klinikum Erfurt GmbH
| | - W Sekundo
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Marburg
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Boldt C, Röschel T, Himmerkus N, Plain A, Bleich M, Labes R, Blum M, Krause H, Magheli A, Giesecke T, Mutig K, Rothe M, Weldon SM, Dragun D, Schunck WH, Bachmann S, Paliege A. Vasopressin lowers renal epoxyeicosatrienoic acid levels by activating soluble epoxide hydrolase. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F1198-F1210. [PMID: 27681558 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00062.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the thick ascending limb (TAL) Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC2) by the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) is an essential mechanism of renal urine concentration and contributes to extracellular fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. AVP effects in the kidney are modulated by locally and/or by systemically produced epoxyeicosatrienoic acid derivates (EET). The relation between AVP and EET metabolism has not been determined. Here, we show that chronic treatment of AVP-deficient Brattleboro rats with the AVP V2 receptor analog desmopressin (dDAVP; 5 ng/h, 3 days) significantly lowered renal EET levels (-56 ± 3% for 5,6-EET, -50 ± 3.4% for 11,12-EET, and -60 ± 3.7% for 14,15-EET). The abundance of the principal EET-degrading enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) was increased at the mRNA (+160 ± 37%) and protein levels (+120 ± 26%). Immunohistochemistry revealed dDAVP-mediated induction of sEH in connecting tubules and cortical and medullary collecting ducts, suggesting a role of these segments in the regulation of local interstitial EET signals. Incubation of murine kidney cell suspensions with 1 μM 14,15-EET for 30 min reduced phosphorylation of NKCC2 at the AVP-sensitive threonine residues T96 and T101 (-66 ± 5%; P < 0.05), while 14,15-DHET had no effect. Concomitantly, isolated perfused cortical thick ascending limb pretreated with 14,15-EET showed a 30% lower transport current under high and a 70% lower transport current under low symmetric chloride concentrations. In summary, we have shown that activation of AVP signaling stimulates renal sEH biosynthesis and enzyme activity. The resulting reduction of EET tissue levels may be instrumental for increased NKCC2 transport activity during AVP-induced antidiuresis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christin Boldt
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tom Röschel
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Himmerkus
- Department of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Allein Plain
- Department of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Bleich
- Department of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Robert Labes
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Blum
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Krause
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed Magheli
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Giesecke
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerim Mutig
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Steven M Weldon
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Duska Dragun
- Department of Nephrology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Bachmann
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Paliege
- Department of Nephrology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and .,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Harper C, Schroeder R, Blum M, Thompson K, Swiader L, McCulloch C. An educational intervention on contraception among community college students. Contraception 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2016.07.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
29
|
Averbach S, Puri M, Blum M, Rocca C. Accuracy of gestational dating using last menstrual period versus bimanual pelvic exam for medication abortion in Nepal. Contraception 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2016.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
30
|
Jeyachandran YL, Meyer F, Benkert A, Bär M, Blum M, Yang W, Reinert F, Heske C, Weinhardt L, Zharnikov M. Investigation of the Ionic Hydration in Aqueous Salt Solutions by Soft X-ray Emission Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7687-95. [PMID: 27442708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular structure of the hydration shells and their impact on the hydrogen bond (HB) network of water in aqueous salt solutions is a fundamentally important and technically relevant question. In the present work, such hydration effects were studied for a series of representative salt solutions (NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, and KBr) by soft X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering (RIXS). The oxygen K-edge XES spectra could be described with three components, attributed to initial state HB configurations in pure water, water molecules that have undergone an ultrafast dissociation initiated by the X-ray excitation, and water molecules in contact with salt ions. The behavior of the individual components, as well as the spectral shape of the latter component, has been analyzed in detail. In view of the role of ions in such effects as protein denaturation (i.e., the Hofmeister series), we discuss the ion-specific nature of the hydration shells and find that the results point to a predominant role of anions as compared to cations. Furthermore, we observe a concentration-dependent suppression of ultrafast dissociation in all salt solutions, associated with a significant distortion of intact HB configurations of water molecules facilitating such a dissociation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Jeyachandran
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Meyer
- Experimentelle Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - A Benkert
- Experimentelle Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - M Bär
- Renewable Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH , Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.,Institute für Physik und Chemie, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg , Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1, 03046 Cottbus, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) , 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
| | - M Blum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) , 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
| | - W Yang
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - F Reinert
- Experimentelle Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - C Heske
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) , 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States.,Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Engesserstrasse 18/20, 76028 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - L Weinhardt
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) , 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States.,Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Engesserstrasse 18/20, 76028 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Zharnikov
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Benkert A, Meyer F, Hauschild D, Blum M, Yang W, Wilks RG, Bär M, Reinert F, Heske C, Weinhardt L. Isotope Effects in the Resonant Inelastic Soft X-ray Scattering Maps of Gas-Phase Methanol. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:2260-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b02636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Benkert
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - F. Meyer
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - D. Hauschild
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M. Blum
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, NV 89154-4003, United States
| | - W. Yang
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron
Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - R. G. Wilks
- Renewable
Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Bär
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, NV 89154-4003, United States
- Renewable
Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Institut
für Physik und Chemie, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
| | - F. Reinert
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - C. Heske
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, NV 89154-4003, United States
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstr. 18/20, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - L. Weinhardt
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, NV 89154-4003, United States
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstr. 18/20, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Blum M, Puntigam O, Plebst S, Ehret F, Bender J, Nieger M, Gudat D. On the energetics of P–P bond dissociation of sterically strained tetraamino-diphosphanes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:1987-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02854j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermochemical data for the homolytic P–P bond fission in tetraaminodiphosphanes (R2N)2P–P(NR2)2 were determined experimentally and computationally. The results confirm that radical formation is favoured by entropic and structural relaxation effects, and disfavoured by dispersion forces. Unlike aminophosphenium cations, the radicals display no strong preference for a planar (R2N)2P unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Blum
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- University of Stuttgart
- 70550 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - O. Puntigam
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- University of Stuttgart
- 70550 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - S. Plebst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- University of Stuttgart
- 70550 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - F. Ehret
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- University of Stuttgart
- 70550 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - J. Bender
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- University of Stuttgart
- 70550 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - M. Nieger
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry
- Dept. of Chemistry
- University of Helsinki
- Finland
| | - D. Gudat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- University of Stuttgart
- 70550 Stuttgart
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Salehi M, Blum M, Fath B, Akyol T, Haas R, Ovtcharova J. Epicycloidal Versus Trochoidal Milling-Comparison of Cutting Force, Tool Tip Vibration, and Machining Cycle Time. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
34
|
Rocca C, Puri M, Blum M, Shrestha P, Grossman D, Harper C. Safety and effectiveness of access to medication abortion from pharmacy clinics in Nepal. Contraception 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
35
|
Rocca C, Kohn J, Thompson K, Blum M, Simons H, Harper C. Pregnancy intention and pregnancy risk: the role of highly effective contraception. Contraception 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
36
|
Shiozaki H, Elimova E, Slack R, Chen H, Planjery V, Charalampakis N, Wadhwa R, Shimodaira Y, Skinner H, Lee J, Weston B, Bhutani M, Blum M, Rogers J, Maru D, Estrella J, Das P, Hofstetter W, Badgwell B, Ajani J. 2264 Metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma patients treated with systemic therapy followed by local therapy: A nomogram associated with long-term survivors. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
37
|
Charalampakis N, Xiao L, Elimova E, Wadhwa R, Shiozaki H, Shimodaira Y, Blum M, Planjery V, Rogers J, Matamoros A, Sagebiel T, Das P, Lee J, Bhutani M, Weston B, Estrella J, Badgwell B, Ajani J. 2254 Initial standardized uptake value (iSUV) of positron emission tomography (PET) influences prognosis of patients with localized gastric adenocarcinoma treated preoperatively. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
38
|
Kuchenbecker J, Blum M, Paul F. [Investigation of color vision in acute unilateral optic neuritis using a web-based color vision test]. Ophthalmologe 2015. [PMID: 26224172 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-015-0108-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In acute unilateral optic neuritis (ON) color vision defects combined with a decrease in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity frequently occur. This study investigated whether a web-based color vision test is a reliable detector of acquired color vision defects in ON and, if so, which charts are particularly suitable. METHODS In 12 patients with acute unilateral ON, a web-based color vision test ( www.farbsehtest.de ) with 25 color plates (16 Velhagen/Broschmann and 9 Ishihara color plates) was performed. For each patient the affected eye was tested first and then the unaffected eye. RESULTS The mean best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) in the ON eye was 0.36 ± 0.20 and 1.0 ± 0.1 in the contralateral eye. The number of incorrectly read plates correlated with the visual acuity. For the ON eye a total of 134 plates were correctly identified and 166 plates were incorrectly identified, while for the disease-free fellow eye, 276 plates were correctly identified and 24 plates were incorrectly identified. Both of the blue/yellow plates were identified correctly 14 times and incorrectly 10 times using the ON eye and exclusively correctly (24 times) using the fellow eye. The Velhagen/Broschmann plates were incorrectly identified significantly more frequently in comparison with the Ishihara plates. In 4 out of 16 Velhagen/Broschmann plates and 5 out of 9 Ishihara plates, no statistically significant differences between the ON eye and the fellow eye could be detected. CONCLUSION The number of incorrectly identified plates correlated with a decrease in visual acuity. Red/green and blue/yellow plates were incorrectly identified significantly more frequently with the ON eye, while the Velhagen/Broschmann color plates were incorrectly identified significantly more frequently than the Ishihara color plates. Thus, under defined test conditions the web-based color vision test can also be used to detect acquired color vision defects, such as those caused by ON. Optimization of the test by altering the combination of plates may be a useful next step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kuchenbecker
- Augenklinik des Helios Klinikum Berlin Buch, Schwanebecker Chaussee 50, 13125, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - M Blum
- Augenklinik des Helios Klinikum Erfurt, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - F Paul
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center und Klinisches und Experimentelles Forschungszentrum für Multiple Sklerose, Klinik für Neurologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Weinhardt L, Ertan E, Iannuzzi M, Weigand M, Fuchs O, Bär M, Blum M, Denlinger JD, Yang W, Umbach E, Odelius M, Heske C. Probing hydrogen bonding orbitals: resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering of aqueous NH3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:27145-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04898b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering was used to probe the hydrogen bonding orbitals in aqueous ammonia.
Collapse
|
40
|
Tsimpri P, Kuchenbecker J, Blum M, Paul F. Untersuchung des Farbsehens bei einseitiger Neuritis nervi optici (NNO) mittels eines web-basierten Farbsehtests. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1396466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
41
|
Meyer F, Blum M, Benkert A, Hauschild D, Nagarajan S, Wilks RG, Andersson J, Yang W, Zharnikov M, Bär M, Heske C, Reinert F, Weinhardt L. “Building Block Picture” of the Electronic Structure of Aqueous Cysteine Derived from Resonant Inelastic Soft X-ray Scattering. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:13142-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5089417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Meyer
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M. Blum
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland
Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
| | - A. Benkert
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - D. Hauschild
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - S. Nagarajan
- Angewandte
Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, INF 253,69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R. G. Wilks
- Solar
Energy Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Andersson
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - W. Yang
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron
Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - M. Zharnikov
- Angewandte
Physikalische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, INF 253,69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. Bär
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland
Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
- Solar
Energy Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Institut
für Physik und Chemie, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, Platz der Deutschen Einheit 1, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
| | - C. Heske
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland
Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 18/20, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - F. Reinert
- Experimentelle
Physik VII, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - L. Weinhardt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland
Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4003, United States
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 18/20, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kunert KS, Melle J, Sekundo W, Dawczynski J, Blum M. [One-year results of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in myopia]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2014; 232:67-71. [PMID: 25272083 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This clinical trial is focused on the 12-month results of a new method for refractive correction in myopia, called "small incision lenticule extraction" (SMILE). PATIENTS AND METHODS In a prospective study 91 eyes were treated with the new refractive procedure and the results were published after 6 months. A lenticule of intrastromal corneal tissue is cut utilising the Carl Zeiss Meditec AG (Jena, Germany) VisuMax femtosecond laser system. Thereafter, this lenticule is manually removed without lifting a flap. 55 eyes of 33 patients volunteered for a 12-month follow-up. UCVA and BSCVA after 12 months, objective and manifest refraction as well as slit-lamp examination and late side effects were documented. RESULTS 55 eyes of 33 patients were re-examined in this study 12 months after surgery. The spherical equivalent before surgery was - 4.66 (± 1.75) D; after 12 months - 0.11 (± 0.42) D was manifest. No significant change was observed compared to the 6-month control. Starting with UCVA of 0.1 (± 0.06) before surgery. UCVA was 1.02 (± 0.3) after 12 months. One eye lost more than two lines. All other patients did not have any late side effects. CONCLUSION The one-year results of this new procedure are encouraging. Especially stability of the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism with the SMILE procedure is very good.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K S Kunert
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Helios Klinikum Erfurt GmbH
| | - J Melle
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Helios Klinikum Erfurt GmbH
| | - W Sekundo
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, UKGM GmbH und Philipps-Universität Marburg
| | - J Dawczynski
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätskliniken Leipzig AöR
| | - M Blum
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Helios Klinikum Erfurt GmbH
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lapp T, Auw-Hädrich C, Sadler F, Böhringer D, Blum M, Reinhard T, Heichel J, Kunert KS. [Morphological analysis of corneal refractive lenticules--is there a correlation with refractive results?]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2014; 231:690-6. [PMID: 25036805 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1368608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ReLEx®flex is a corneal refractive procedure performed by removing corneal lenticules with a femtosecond (fs) laser system. Using electron microscopy, tissue parameters of extracted lenticules were analysed for potential correlations to the refractive results. Furthermore, the effect of previous contact lens (CL) wear on refractive stability (regression) was tested. PATIENTS AND METHODS 19 lenticules from 11 patients (age 24-56 years, 8 f, 3 m) were prepared for EM. The central areas of the samples were photographed and the distance between the collagen fibres and their diameters were digitally measured. ANOVA analysis was used to correlate postoperative refractional stability with time of preoperative CL use, fibre diameter and the coefficient of variation (CV) of fibre distance. RESULTS 14 of 19 lenticules were from patients who had worn CL preoperatively. The cumulative duration of CL wear averaged around 31.2 ± 35.5 thousand hours. Preoperative CL use significantly influenced the postoperative regression: the longer time patients had worn CL, the greater was the regression towards myopia (p = 0.01). Additionally, the morphological parameters collagen fibre diameter (p = 0.09) and CV of fibre distance (p = 0.07) had an impact on regression. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged CL use and alterations in ultrastructural patterns affected the refractive stability after ReLExflex. Although the pathophysiological relationships between CL use, corneal morphological parameters, and refractive stability are still poorly understood, these findings could potentially be used as prognostic markers for postoperative refraction after ReLExflex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Lapp
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau
| | - C Auw-Hädrich
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau
| | - F Sadler
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau
| | - D Böhringer
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau
| | - M Blum
- Augenklinik, Helios Klinikum Erfurt
| | - T Reinhard
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau
| | - J Heichel
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinik Halle
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Schüller T, Huys D, Blum M, Lenartz D, Shubina E, Visser-Vandewalle V, Kuhn J. Tiefe Hirnstimulation beim Tourette-Syndrom. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Schüller
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Uniklinik Köln
| | - D. Huys
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Uniklinik Köln
| | - M. Blum
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Uniklinik Köln
| | - D. Lenartz
- Klinik für Stereotaxie und Neurochirurgie, Uniklinik Köln
| | - E. Shubina
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Uniklinik Köln
| | | | - J. Kuhn
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Uniklinik Köln
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Duempelmann M, Ewing S, Blum M, Rostek R, Woias P, Riedmiller M, Schulze-Bonhage A. P121: Investigation of low complexity seizure detection algorithm for closed loop devices in epilepsy treatment. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)50266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
46
|
Heller T, Blum M, Spraul M, Wolf G, Müller U. Folgeerkrankungen des Diabetes mellitus: Prävalenzen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2014; 139:786-91. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1369889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Heller
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - M. Blum
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Helios-Klinikum Erfurt GmbH
| | - M. Spraul
- Diabetes-Zentrum-Rheine, Mathias-Spital, Rheine
| | - G. Wolf
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - U. Müller
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum Jena
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Benkert A, Blum M, Meyer F, Wilks RG, Yang W, Bär M, Reinert F, Heske C, Weinhardt L. Setup for in situ investigation of gases and gas/solid interfaces by soft x-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:015119. [PMID: 24517824 DOI: 10.1063/1.4862059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel gas cell designed to study the electronic structure of gases and gas/solid interfaces using soft x-ray emission and absorption spectroscopies. In this cell, the sample gas is separated from the vacuum of the analysis chamber by a thin window membrane, allowing in situ measurements under atmospheric pressure. The temperature of the gas can be regulated from room temperature up to approximately 600 °C. To avoid beam damage, a constant mass flow can be maintained to continuously refresh the gaseous sample. Furthermore, the gas cell provides space for solid-state samples, allowing to study the gas/solid interface for surface catalytic reactions at elevated temperatures. To demonstrate the capabilities of the cell, we have investigated a TiO2 sample behind a mixture of N2 and He gas at atmospheric pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Benkert
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - M Blum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 Maryland Parkway, Nevada 89154-4003, USA
| | - F Meyer
- Universität Würzburg, Experimentelle Physik VII, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - R G Wilks
- Solar Energy Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - W Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Bär
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 Maryland Parkway, Nevada 89154-4003, USA
| | - F Reinert
- Universität Würzburg, Experimentelle Physik VII, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - C Heske
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - L Weinhardt
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-v.-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Blum M. Einsatz von refraktiven Intraokularlinsen. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1357807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
49
|
Morse J, Chipato T, Blanchard K, Nhemachena T, Ramjee G, McCulloch C, Blum M, Saleeby E, Harper CC. Provision of long-acting reversible contraception in HIV-prevalent countries: results from nationally representative surveys in southern Africa. BJOG 2013; 120:1386-94. [PMID: 23721413 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the current provision of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) and clinician training needs in HIV-prevalent settings. DESIGN Nationally representative survey of clinicians. SETTING HIV-prevalent settings in South Africa and Zimbabwe. POPULATION Clinicians in South Africa and Zimbabwe. METHODS Nationally representative surveys of clinicians were conducted in South Africa and Zimbabwe (n = 1444) to assess current clinical practice in the provision of LARC in HIV-prevalent settings. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse contraceptive provision and clinician training needs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Multivariable logistic regression of contraceptive provision and clinician training needs. RESULTS Provision of the most effective reversible contraceptives is limited: only 14% of clinicians provide copper intrauterine devices (IUDs), 4% levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs and 16% contraceptive implants. Clinicians' perceptions of patient eligibility for IUD use were overly restrictive, especially related to HIV risks. Less than 5% reported that IUDs were appropriate for women at high risk of HIV or for HIV-positive women, contrary to evidence-based guidelines. Only 15% viewed implants as appropriate for women at risk of HIV. Most clinicians (82%), however, felt that IUDs were underused by patients, and over half desired additional training on LARC methods. Logistic regression analysis showed that LARC provision was largely restricted to physicians, hospital settings and urban areas. Results also showed that clinicians in rural areas and clinics, including nurses, were especially interested in training. CONCLUSIONS Clinician competency in LARC provision is important in southern Africa, given the low use of methods and high rates of unintended pregnancy among HIV-positive and at-risk women. Despite low provision, clinician interest is high, suggesting the need for increased evidence-based training in LARC to reduce unintended pregnancy and associated morbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Morse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kusch A, Hoff U, Bubalo G, Zhu Y, Fechner M, Schmidt-Ullrich R, Marko L, Müller DN, Schmidt-Ott KM, Gürgen D, Blum M, Schunck WH, Dragun D. Novel signalling mechanisms and targets in renal ischaemia and reperfusion injury. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2013; 208:25-40. [PMID: 23432924 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common and severe clinical problem. Vascular dysfunction, immune system activation and tubular epithelial cell injury contribute to functional and structural deterioration. The search for novel therapeutic interventions for I/R-induced AKI is a dynamic area of experimental research. Pharmacological targeting of injury mediators and corresponding intracellular signalling in endothelial cells, inflammatory cells and the injured tubular epithelium could provide new opportunities yet may also pose great translational challenge. Here, we focus on signalling mediators, their receptors and intracellular signalling pathways which bear potential to abrogate cellular processes involved in the pathogenesis of I/R-induced AKI. Sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) and its respective receptors, cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-dependent vasoactive eicosanoids, NF-κB- and protein kinase-C (PKC)-related pathways are representatives of such 'druggable' pleiotropic targets. For example, pharmacological agents targeting S1P and PKC isoforms are already in clinical use for treatment for autoimmune diseases and were previously subject of clinical trials in kidney transplantation where I/R-induced AKI occurs as a common complication. We summarize recent in vitro and in vivo experimental studies using pharmacological and genomic targeting and highlight some of the challenges to clinical application of these advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M. Blum
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Berlin; Germany
| | - W.-H. Schunck
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Berlin; Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|