1
|
Ballance L, Wilson RL, Kirwan CC, Boundouki G, Taxiarchi VP, Baker BG, Rusius V, Rowland M, Henderson JR, Marikakis N, McAleer J, Harvey JR, Northwest Breast Research Collaborative OBOT. Return to Activities of Daily Living after Breast Cancer Surgery: An Observational Prospective Questionnaire-Based Study of Patients Undergoing Mastectomy with or without Immediate Reconstruction. Breast J 2023; 2023:9345780. [PMID: 37771428 PMCID: PMC10533274 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9345780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Patients often ask about the time taken to return to activities of daily living (ADLs) after breast surgery, but there is a lack of data to give accurate guidance. We aimed to assess the feasibility of a study to determine the time taken to return to ADLs after mastectomy with or without breast reconstruction. Materials and Methods A prospective multicentre, self-reported questionnaire-based feasibility study of women who had undergone mastectomy ± reconstruction was performed, between Jan 2017 and Dec 2019. Women were asked to self-report when they returned to 15 ADLs with a 5-option time scale for "return to activity." Results The questionnaire was returned by 42 patients (median [range] age: 64 [31-84]). Of these, 22 had simple mastectomy, seven mastectomy and implant reconstruction, seven mastectomy and autologous reconstruction (DIEP), and six did not specify. Overall, over 90% could manage stairs and brush hair by two weeks and 84% could get in and out of the bath by four weeks. By 1-2 months, 92% could do their own shopping and 86% could drive. 68% of women employed returned to work within four months. Compared to simple mastectomy, patients undergoing reconstruction took a longer time to return to getting in/out of bath (<2 vs. 2-4 weeks), vacuuming (2-4 weeks vs. 1-2 months), and fitness (1-2 vs. 3-4 months). There was a slower return to shopping (1-2 months vs. 2-4 weeks), driving and work (both 3-4 vs. 1-2 months), and sports (3-4 vs. 1-2 months) in autologous reconstruction compared to implant reconstruction. Conclusion This study is feasible. It highlights slower return to specific activities (particularly strength-based) in reconstruction patients, slower in autologous compared with implant reconstruction. The impact on return to ADLs should be discussed as part of the preoperative counselling as it will inform patients and help guide their decision making. A larger study is required to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Ballance
- The Nightingale Breast Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
| | - R. L. Wilson
- The Nightingale Breast Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
| | - C. C. Kirwan
- The Nightingale Breast Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - G. Boundouki
- Sheffield Breast Unit, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - V. P. Taxiarchi
- The Nightingale Breast Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
- Centre for Women's Mental Health, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - B. G. Baker
- The Nightingale Breast Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
| | - V. Rusius
- Burnley Breast Unit, Burnley General Hospital, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Casterton Avenue, Burnley BB10 2PQ, UK
| | - M. Rowland
- Liverpool Breast Unit, Linda McCartney Centre, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot Street, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK
| | - J. R. Henderson
- Liverpool Breast Unit, Linda McCartney Centre, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot Street, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK
| | - N. Marikakis
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth, Hampshire PO6 3LY, UK
| | - J. McAleer
- Breast Care Centre, Ainscoe House, Blackpool Victoria Hospital, 12 E Park Dr, Blackpool FY3 8DX, UK
| | - J. R. Harvey
- The Nightingale Breast Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bromley HL, Preston M, Walter L, Dave R, Lord N, Wright P, Rowland M, Gandhi A. Assessing the impact of a gynaecomastia assessment and treatment infographic in primary care in Greater Manchester. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2022; 104:174-180. [PMID: 34822303 PMCID: PMC9773909 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Men with gynaecomastia are routinely referred to breast clinics, yet most do not require breast surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a novel point-of-care gynaecomastia decision infographic in primary care on the assessment, management and referral practices to tertiary breast surgical services. METHODS A study was carried out of male patient referrals from primary care in Greater Manchester to a tertiary breast centre between January and March in 2018-2020. Referral patterns were compared before and after the infographic went live in general practices in Greater Manchester in January 2020. Data were collected for gynaecomastia referrals, including aetiology, investigation and management. RESULTS In total, 394 men were referred to a tertiary breast centre from 163 general practices, of which 271 (68.8%) had a diagnosis of gynaecomastia. Use of the decision infographic by primary healthcare providers was associated with a decrease in male breast referrals with gynaecomastia (79.6% to 62.0%). Fewer gynaecomastia patients were referred with a benign physiological or drug-related cause after implementation of the infographic (52.2% vs 41.8%). Only 10 (3.7%) patients with gynaecomastia underwent breast surgery during the study period. CONCLUSION Implementation of a gynaecomastia infographic in primary care in Manchester was associated with a reduction in gynaecomastia referrals to secondary care. We hypothesise that implementation of the infographic into primary care nationally may potentially translate to hundreds of patients receiving more specialty-appropriate referrals, improving overall management of gynaecomastia. Further study is warranted to test this hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HL Bromley
- Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - M Preston
- Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - L Walter
- Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - R Dave
- Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - N Lord
- St Johns Medical Centre, UK
| | | | - M Rowland
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abdur Rab M, Freeman TW, Rahim S, Durrani N, Taha AS, Rowland M. High altitude epidemic malaria in Bamian province, central Afghanistan. East Mediterr Health J 2021. [DOI: 10.26719/2003.9.3.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report an epidemic of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the remote valley of Bamian [altitude 2250 m-2400 m] in the central high l and s of Afghanistan. A team of malaria experts from the World Health Organization and HealthNet International carried out the investigation. A total of 215 peripheral blood smears were obtained and 63 cases of malaria [90.5% P. falciparum, the remainder P. vivax] were confirmed. The study revealed that areas vulnerable to malaria in Afghanistan are more widespread than previously recognized. The area had been malaria-free until recently, when the disease appears to have been introduced as a consequence of protracted conflict and resultant population movement, and transmitted locally during the short summer months. The outbreak led to severe morbidity and high mortality in a province having only a few poorly-provisioned health care facilities
Collapse
|
4
|
Kraft SA, Porter KM, Duenas DM, Sullivan E, Rowland M, Saelens BE, Wilfond BS, Shah SK. Assessing Parent Decisions About Child Participation in a Behavioral Health Intervention Study and Utility of Informed Consent Forms. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e209296. [PMID: 32735337 PMCID: PMC7395235 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.9296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Obtaining informed consent is an important ethical obligation for clinical research participation that is imperfectly implemented. Research on improving consent processes often focuses on consent forms, but little is known about consent forms' influence on decision-making compared with other types of engagement. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether parents decide whether to enroll their children in research before or after they receive the consent form. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS An online survey of 88 parents who enrolled or declined to enroll their child in a weight management intervention study between January 2, 2018, and June 24, 2019, was conducted; surveys were completed between February 2, 2018, and July 9, 2019. A 31-item survey asked about impressions of the study throughout the enrollment process, timing of enrollment decisions, and decision-making factors. Responses were summarized descriptively and subgroups were compared using the Fisher exact test or χ2 test. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Self-reported timing of enrollment decision. RESULTS A total of 106 parents were approached and gave permission for their contact information to be shared with the study team; 22 additional parents declined to allow their information to be shared, and 24 lost contact with the partner study before they could be asked for permission. A total of 88 parents (67 enrollees, 21 decliners) completed the survey (83% participation rate); 79 of 88 reporting gender (instead of sex, as biological sex was not relevant to survey) information were women (91%), 66 participants (75%) were non-Hispanic White, and 63 participants (72%) had annual household incomes greater than or equal to $70 000. No significant differences in respondent characteristics between enrollees and decliners were identified. Fifty-nine parents (67%) responded that they decided whether to enroll in the weight management study before receiving the consent form. Only 17 of 69 parents (25%) who remembered receiving the consent form responded that it taught them new information. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this study suggest that interventions to improve informed consent forms may have limited influence on decision-making because many research decisions occur before review of the consent form. It appears that regulatory review and interventions to improve decision-making should focus more on early engagement (eg, recruitment materials). Future studies should test timing of decisions in other types of research with different populations and clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Kraft
- Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle
| | - Kathryn M. Porter
- Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Devan M. Duenas
- Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Erin Sullivan
- Seattle Children’s Core for Biomedical Statistics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Maya Rowland
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brian E. Saelens
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Benjamin S. Wilfond
- Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle
| | - Seema K. Shah
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center; Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute; Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gillen J, Enty M, Rowland M, Dvorak J, Ding K, Moore K. Evaluating the impact of a history of breast cancer on chemotherapy toxicities experienced in women with high grade serous ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
6
|
|
7
|
Roth CL, Melhorn SJ, Elfers CT, Scholz K, De Leon MRB, Rowland M, Kearns S, Aylward E, Grabowski TJ, Saelens BE, Schur EA. Central Nervous System and Peripheral Hormone Responses to a Meal in Children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:1471-1483. [PMID: 30418574 PMCID: PMC6435098 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Behavioral studies suggest that responses to food consumption are altered in children with obesity (OB). OBJECTIVE To test central nervous system and peripheral hormone response by functional MRI and satiety-regulating hormone levels before and after a meal. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study comparing children with OB and children of healthy weight (HW) recruited from across the Puget Sound region of Washington. PARTICIPANTS Children (9 to 11 years old; OB, n = 54; HW, n = 22), matched for age and sex. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME MEASURES Neural activation to images of high- and low-calorie food and objects was evaluated across a set of a priori appetite-processing regions that included the ventral and dorsal striatum, amygdala, substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area, insula, and medial orbitofrontal cortex. Premeal and postmeal hormones (insulin, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-1, active ghrelin) were measured. RESULTS In response to a meal, average brain activation by high-calorie food cues vs objects in a priori regions was reduced after meals in children of HW (Z = -3.5, P < 0.0001), but not in children with OB (z = 0.28, P = 0.78) despite appropriate meal responses by gut hormones. Although premeal average brain activation by high-calorie food cues was lower in children with OB vs children of HW, postmeal activation was higher in children with OB (Z = -2.1, P = 0.04 and Z = 2.3, P = 0.02, respectively). An attenuated central response to a meal was associated with greater degree of insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that children with OB exhibit an attenuated central, as opposed to gut hormone, response to a meal, which may predispose them to overconsumption of food or difficulty with weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian L Roth
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Christian L. Roth, MD, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98101. E-mail:
| | - Susan J Melhorn
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Kelley Scholz
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mary Rosalynn B De Leon
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Maya Rowland
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sue Kearns
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Thomas J Grabowski
- Department of Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Research Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Ellen A Schur
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rosenberg MJ, Thorn DB, Izumi N, Williams D, Rowland M, Torres G, Haugh M, Hillyard P, Adelman N, Schuler T, Barrios MA, Holder JP, Schneider MB, Fournier KB, Bradley DK, Regan SP. Erratum: "Image-plate sensitivity to x rays at 2 to 60 keV" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 90, 013506 (2019)]. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:029902. [PMID: 30831772 DOI: 10.1063/1.5092602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Rosenberg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D B Thorn
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Izumi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Williams
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M Rowland
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - G Torres
- Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M Haugh
- Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P Hillyard
- Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - N Adelman
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USA
| | - T Schuler
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M A Barrios
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Holder
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M B Schneider
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K B Fournier
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D K Bradley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rosenberg MJ, Thorn DB, Izumi N, Williams D, Rowland M, Torres G, Haugh M, Hillyard P, Adelman N, Schuler T, Barrios MA, Holder JP, Schneider MB, Fournier KB, Bradley DK, Regan SP. Image-plate sensitivity to x rays at 2 to 60 keV. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:013506. [PMID: 30709229 DOI: 10.1063/1.5053592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of Fuji SR and MS image plates (IPs) used in x-ray spectrometers on OMEGA and the National Ignition Facility has been measured using two techniques. A set of radioisotopes has been used to constrain image-plate sensitivity between 6 and 60 keV, while a Manson source has been used to expose image plates to x rays at energies between 1.5 and 8 keV. These data have shown variation in sensitivity on the order of 5% for a given IP type and scanner settings. The radioisotope technique has also been used to assess IP fading properties for MS-type plates over long times. IP sensitivity as a function of scanner settings and pixel size has been systematically examined, showing variations of up to a factor of 2 depending on the IP type. Cross-calibration of IP scanners at different facilities is necessary to produce a consistent absolute sensitivity curve spanning the energy range of 2-60 keV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Rosenberg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D B Thorn
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N Izumi
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Williams
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M Rowland
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - G Torres
- Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M Haugh
- Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P Hillyard
- Mission Support and Test Services, LLC, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - N Adelman
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USA
| | - T Schuler
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M A Barrios
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J P Holder
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M B Schneider
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K B Fournier
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D K Bradley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rowland M, Clyne M, Daly L, O'Connor H, Bourke B, Bury G, O'Dowd T, Connolly L, Ryan J, Shovlin S, Dolan B, Drumm B. Long-term follow-up of the incidence of Helicobacter pylori. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:980-984. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
11
|
Charlwood JD, Kessy E, Yohannes K, Protopopoff N, Rowland M, LeClair C. Studies on the resting behaviour and host choice of Anopheles gambiae and An. arabiensis from Muleba, Tanzania. Med Vet Entomol 2018; 32:263-270. [PMID: 29479733 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The relative efficacy of a mechanical (Prokopack) collection method vs. manual aspiration in the collection of resting mosquitoes was evaluated in northern Tanzania before and after an intervention using indoor residual spraying and longlasting insecticide-treated nets. In smoke-free houses mosquitoes were collected from the roof and walls, but in smoky houses mosquitoes were found predominantly on the walls. Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) constituted 97.7% of the 312 An. gambiae complex specimens identified before but only 19.3% of the 183 identified after the intervention. A single sampling with the Prokopack collected a third of the available insects. Anopheles gambiae completed its gonotrophic development indoors, whereas Anopheles arabiensis did so outdoors. In both species gonotrophic development took 2 days. Most unfed resting An. arabiensis collected outdoors were virgins, whereas the majority of engorged insects were parous (with well-contracted sacs). Daily survival was estimated to be 80.0%. Only 9.4% of the engorged An. arabiensis collected outdoors and 47.1% of those collected indoors had fed on humans. Using the Prokopack sampler is more efficient than manual methods for the collection of resting mosquitoes. Malaria transmission may have been affected by a change in vector composition resulting from a change in feeding, rather than reduced survival. Monitoring the proportions of members of the An. gambiae complex may provide signals of an impending breakdown in control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Charlwood
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K
| | - E Kessy
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - K Yohannes
- Pan African Malaria Vector Research Consortium, Muleba, Tanzania
| | - N Protopopoff
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K
| | - M Rowland
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K
| | - C LeClair
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cheung SYA, Rodgers T, Aarons L, Gueorguieva I, Dickinson GL, Murby S, Brown C, Collins B, Rowland M. Whole body physiologically based modelling of β-blockers in the rat: events in tissues and plasma following an i.v. bolus dose. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:67-83. [PMID: 29053169 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Whole body physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models have been increasingly applied in drug development to describe kinetic events of therapeutic agents in animals and humans. The advantage of such modelling is the ability to incorporate vast amounts of physiological information, such as organ blood flow and volume, to ensure that the model is as close to reality as possible. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Previous PBPK model development of enantiomers of a series of seven racemic β-blockers, namely, acebutolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, oxprenolol, pindolol and propranolol, together with S-timolol in rat was based on tissue and blood concentration data at steady state. Compounds were administered in several cassettes with the composition mix and blood and tissue sampling times determined using a D-optimal design. KEY RESULTS Closed-loop PBPK models were developed initially based on the application of open loop forcing function models to individual tissues and compounds. For the majority of compounds and tissues, distribution kinetics was adequately characterized by perfusion rate-limited models. For some compounds in the testes and gut, a permeability rate-limited distribution model was required to best fit the data. Parameter estimates of the tissue-to-blood partition coefficient through fitting of individual enantiomers and of racemic pair were generally in agreement and also concur with those from previous steady-state experiments. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS PBPK modelling is a very powerful tool to aid drug discovery and development of therapeutic agents in animals and humans. However, careful consideration of the assumptions made during the modelling exercise is essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Y A Cheung
- Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Early Clinical Development, iMED AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - T Rodgers
- Icon Development Solutions, Manchester, UK
| | - L Aarons
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - S Murby
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - C Brown
- Redx Pharma, Macclesfield, UK
| | - B Collins
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M Rowland
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rowland M, Freeman A, Vesely S, Frey M, Liu A, Crim A, Lester J, Zantow E, Blank S, Powell B, Cass I, Moore K. Optimizing Second Line Chemotherapy in Germline BRCA Positive Patients with Platinum Sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
14
|
Liu A, Rowland M, Vesely S, Powell B, Freeman J, Blank S, Frey M, Gillen J, Moore K, Cass I. Impact of Intra-peritoneal Chemotherapy and Bevacizumab in Front Line Chemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer Among gBRCA and wtBRCA Patients: A Multi-Institutional, Frequency Matched, Case Control Study. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Burt T, MacLeod D, Lee K, Santoro A, DeMasi DK, Hawk T, Feinglos M, Rowland M, Noveck RJ. Intra-Target Microdosing - A Novel Drug Development Approach: Proof of Concept, Safety, and Feasibility Study in Humans. Clin Transl Sci 2017; 10:351-359. [PMID: 28689370 PMCID: PMC5593161 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra‐Target Microdosing (ITM) is a novel drug development approach aimed at increasing the efficiency of first‐in‐human (FIH) testing of new molecular entities (NMEs). ITM combines intra‐target drug delivery and “microdosing,” the subpharmacological systemic exposure. We hypothesized that when the target tissue is small (about 1/100th of total body mass), ITM can lead to target therapeutic‐level exposure with minimal (microdose) systemic exposure. Each of five healthy male volunteers received insulin microdose into the radial artery or full therapeutic dose intravenously in separate visits. Insulin and glucose levels were similar between systemic administration and ITM administration in the ipsilateral hand, and glucose levels demonstrated a reduction in the ipsilateral hand but not in the contralateral hand. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake demonstrated differences between the ipsilateral and contralateral arms. The procedures were safe and well‐tolerated. Results are consistent with ITM proof‐of‐concept (POC) and demonstrate the ethical, regulatory, and logistical feasibility of the approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Burt
- Burt Consultancy, LLC, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D MacLeod
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - K Lee
- MI, CCC-TDI, OPS, SV, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - A Santoro
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D K DeMasi
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - T Hawk
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - M Feinglos
- Department of Endocrinology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - M Rowland
- Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - R J Noveck
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Crim A, Rowland M, Ruskin R, Dvorak J, Greenwade M, Walter A, Gillen J, Ding K, Moore K, Gunderson C. Evaluation of the efficacy and toxicity profile associated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy use in older women. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 146:268-272. [PMID: 28583323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy (CT) for treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has been shown to provide a substantial OS advantage. This study aims to compare the toxicity and benefits of IP CT in patients ≥70 with those <70. METHODS We performed a single institution retrospective review of patients diagnosed with Stage IIA-IIIC EOC from 2000 to 2013 who received IP CT. Clinicopathologic characteristics were extracted, and survival was calculated. RESULTS 133 patients were included with 100 pts. <70years old and 33 pts. ≥70years old. Clinical trial enrollment was similar despite age. In trial enrolled patients, older patients received statistically fewer cycles of therapy (6.4 vs 5.8, p=0.002) but had similar dose delays (0.9 vs 0.7, p=0.72), and modifications (0.9 vs 0.36, p=0.11). Median PFS (27 vs 31months) and OS (71 and 62months) were not statistically different. Grade 3/4 neutropenia was significantly worse in the older patients (82% vs 100%, p=0.04). Neuropathy grade ≥2 and other non-hematologic toxicities were not different between age groups. CONCLUSIONS Despite completing fewer cycles of IP CT, older EOC patients had comparable survival to younger patients. The population of older patients receiving IP CT in this study were on clinical trial and likely to be heartier than the general older population. IP CT appears well tolerated and effective among select older patients and is likely under-utilized outside of clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Crim
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - M Rowland
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - R Ruskin
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - J Dvorak
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - M Greenwade
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - A Walter
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - J Gillen
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - K Ding
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - K Moore
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - C Gunderson
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ruskin R, Rowland M, Dhanasekaran D, Jayaraman M, Moxley K. Clinical and serum predictors of anti-angiogenic toxicity. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
18
|
Burt T, Noveck RJ, MacLeod DB, Layton AT, Rowland M, Lappin G. Intra-Target Microdosing (ITM): A Novel Drug Development Approach Aimed at Enabling Safer and Earlier Translation of Biological Insights Into Human Testing. Clin Transl Sci 2017; 10:337-350. [PMID: 28419765 PMCID: PMC5593170 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Burt
- Burt Consultancy, LLC, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - R J Noveck
- Medical Director, Duke Clinical Research Unit, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D B MacLeod
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - A T Layton
- Robert R. and Katherine B. Penn Professor of Mathematics Arts and Sciences Council Chair Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - M Rowland
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - G Lappin
- Reader in Pharmaceutical Science, Lincoln School of Pharmacy, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shah I, Rowland M, Mehmood P, Mujahid C, Razique F, Hewitt S, Durrani N. Chloroquine resistance in Pakistan and the upsurge of falciparum malaria in Pakistani and Afghan refugee populations. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1997.11813177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
20
|
Rowland M, Nosten F. Malaria epidemiology and control in refugee camps and complex emergencies. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00034983.2001.11813694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
21
|
Rowland M, Ruskin R, McMeekin D, Moore K. Exploring the Impact of BRCA Status on Chemotherapy Induced Hematologic Toxicity. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.08.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
22
|
Kinghorn GR, Rowland M. Book Review: AIDS. A Pocket Book of Diagnosis and Management. Int J STD AIDS 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095646249000100619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G R Kinghorn
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield
| | - M Rowland
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Shoulder dislocations are seen on a daily basis in Accident and Emergency departments. The vast majority of these injuries are acute, traumatic dislocations and occur in the anterior direction. The clinical and radiological features of an anterior dislocation are fairly typical and the diagnosis is usually reached quickly. The sooner the joint is reduced, the easier will be required to overcome the muscle spasm. There is still no consensus as to the best way to manage these injuries in the emergency setting. We summarise the types of acute glenohumeral dislocations and the commonly used reduction methods for anterior dislocations. The literature about different analgesic and sedative options is also reviewed. Occasionally, a combination of sedatives and analgesics and more than one reduction technique are employed in order to avoid manipulation of the dislocated shoulder under general anaesthetic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T. Christofi
- Accident & Emergency Department, University College Hospital, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,
| | - A. Kallis
- Accident & Emergency Department, University College Hospital, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D.A. Raptis
- Department of Surgery, University College Hospital, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M. Rowland
- Accident & Emergency Department, University College Hospital, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J. Ryan
- Accident & Emergency Department, University College Hospital, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Greenwade M, Rowland M, Ruskin R, Ding K, Gillen J, Crim A, Walter A, Kleis B, Moore K, Gunderson C. Factors influencing clinical trial enrollment among ovarian cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
25
|
Gunderson C, Rowland M, Wright D, Andrade K, Mannel R, McMeekin D, Moore K. Initiation of a formalized precision medicine program in gynecologic oncology. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
26
|
Rowland M, Ruskin R, Dvorak J, Gunderson C, Walter A, Crim A, Gillen J, Greenwade M, Ding K, Moore K. Exploring further the poor outcomes of elderly patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer using a contemporary application of the SOCRATES study. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
27
|
Crim A, Rowland M, Ruskin R, Dvorak J, Greenwade M, Walter A, Gillen J, Ding K, Moore K, Gunderson C. Is intraperitoneal chemotherapy as effective within the elderly population for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer? Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
28
|
Rowland M, Ruskin R, Greenwade M, Moore K, Matzo M. The treatment is over, but the symptoms remain in gynecologic oncology cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.04.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
29
|
Burt T, Yoshida K, Lappin G, Vuong L, John C, de Wildt SN, Sugiyama Y, Rowland M. Microdosing and Other Phase 0 Clinical Trials: Facilitating Translation in Drug Development. Clin Transl Sci 2016; 9:74-88. [PMID: 26918865 PMCID: PMC5351314 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Burt
- Principal, Burt Consultancy, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - K Yoshida
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Oak Ridge Institution for Science and Education (ORISE) Fellow
| | - G Lappin
- Visiting Professor of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, LN6 7DL, UK
| | - L Vuong
- Principal, LTV Consulting, Davis, CA, USA.,Clinical Advisor at BioCore, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C John
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - S N de Wildt
- Intensive Care and Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y Sugiyama
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - M Rowland
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Poor pharmacokinetics (PK) can seriously limit clinical utility. Knowing early whether a new compound is likely to have the desired PK profile at therapeutic doses is therefore important. One approach, microdosing, has shown high success with small molecular weight compounds, despite early skepticism. Vlaming et al. report the first, and successful, clinical application of a microdose of a humanized recombinant protein. But what is the likely success for this class of drugs more generally?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Rowland
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rowland M, Ruskin R, Prammanasudh C, Slaughter K, Walter A, Landrum L, Moore K, Matzo M. Older versus younger gynecologic cancer patients: Differences in symptom experience. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
32
|
Gandhi A, Ranganathan B, Thiryayi S, Rowland M, Yap B. Variations in single/two stage thyroidectomies for cancer may be due to differences in thyroid fine needle cytology provision. European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) 2015; 41:1033-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
33
|
Roever CL, DelCurto T, Rowland M, Vavra M, Wisdom M. Cattle grazing in semiarid forestlands: Habitat selection during periods of drought. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:3212-25. [PMID: 26115307 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change models are predicting increased frequency and severity of droughts in arid and semiarid environments, and these areas are responsible for much of the world's livestock production. Because cattle (Bos Taurus) grazing can impact the abundance, distribution, and ecological function of native plant and animal communities, it is important to understand how cattle might respond to increasingly arid conditions. Here, we evaluate changes in habitat selection by cattle across an 8-yr period as a function of rainfall and other environmental covariates. Using resource selection functions, we evaluated habitat selection based on 2 behaviors, stationary and mobile. Models revealed similarity in cattle habitat selection across years, with only modest changes in selection as a function of precipitation, despite marked seasonal and interannual differences in rainfall. Cattle preferred gentle slopes, forest edges, wet meadows, and areas near water as well as areas far from water on plateaus. Cattle avoided areas at intermediate distances from water, typically associated with steep slopes. As conditions became drier during the late season, cattle did not switch selection patterns but instead contracted their selection around water. Cattle also selected similar habitats whether they were mobile or stationary, possibly making microsite decisions therein. This consistent pattern of selection across years could be particularly problematic for riparian communities as climates become drier; however, it may also simplify cattle management, as range managers can focus vegetation monitoring efforts on riparian areas. Due to the uncertainty surrounding future climatic conditions, it is imperative that both range and wildlife managers develop long-term plans to continue managing these multiuse landscapes in an ecologically sustainable manner based on expected patterns of livestock grazing.
Collapse
|
34
|
Rowland M, Lesko LJ, Rostami-Hodjegan A. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetics Is Impacting Drug Development and Regulatory Decision Making. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26225258 PMCID: PMC4505824 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It is no coincidence that the reports of two meetings, one organized by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in March 2014, and the other by the UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory (MHRA), in collaboration with ABPI (the Association of British Pharmaceutical Industry), in June 2014, have been published in tandem in CPT-PSP.12 Both reports deal with the same topic, namely, the impact of physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) in clinical drug development and the best practices for such applications. This reflects the transition of PBPK from academic curiosity to industrial norm, manifested by the regulatory agencies encouraging its use and receiving an increasing number of submissions containing PBPK models. The goal of both meetings was to help determine the need and facilitate the development of regulatory guidances on this subject within the conceptual framework of model informed drug development and regulatory decision-making. A further reflection of this intent is the publication by the European Medicines Agency of a Concept Paper on PBPK.3 One is reminded of a similar train of events surrounding the introduction of population PK/PD and nonlinear mixed effects modeling in the early-late 1990s, again with encouragement and receptivity of regulatory agencies leading to FDA guidance on the topic.4 Indeed, the intention of PBPK modeling and simulation is to complement other approaches, such as compartmental modeling, or, in some cases, replace them with a more mechanistic approach. PBPK models represent an important class of models that characterize absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) processes and their underlying biological and physiological drivers. An increased understanding of these drivers and their unique interactions with drug substance and formulation factors provides critical insights into how drugs will behave in healthy volunteers and patients with disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Rowland
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester Manchester, UK ; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of California San Francisco, California, USA
| | - L J Lesko
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, University of Florida in Lake Nona, Orlando Florida, USA
| | - A Rostami-Hodjegan
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Manchester Pharmacy School, University of Manchester Manchester, UK ; Certara, Blades Enterprise Centre Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Slaughter K, Rowland M, Bhattacharya R, Moore K, McMeekin D. Integration of adjuvant chemotherapy in first-line management of uterine carcinosarcoma. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
36
|
Ruskin R, Rowland M, Moore K, Walker J, Landrum L, Matzo M. Provision of “primary palliative care” by gynecologic oncologists. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
37
|
Rowland M, Ruskin R, Moore K, Walker J, Landrum L, Matzo M. Identifying gynecologic oncology patients with high symptom burden. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
38
|
Matowo J, Kitau J, Kaaya R, Kavishe R, Wright A, Kisinza W, Kleinschmidt I, Mosha F, Rowland M, Protopopoff N. Trends in the selection of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes in northwest Tanzania during a community randomized trial of longlasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying. Med Vet Entomol 2015; 29:51-59. [PMID: 25537754 PMCID: PMC4359020 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Anopheles gambiae s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) in Muleba, Tanzania has developed high levels of resistance to most insecticides currently advocated for malaria control. The kdr mutation has almost reached fixation in An. gambiae s.s. in Muleba. This change has the potential to jeopardize malaria control interventions carried out in the region. Trends in insecticide resistance were monitored in two intervention villages using World Health Organization (WHO) susceptibility test kits. Additional mechanisms contributing to observed phenotypic resistance were investigated using Centers for Disease Control (CDC) bottle bioassays with piperonylbutoxide (PBO) and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) synergists. Resistance genotyping for kdr and Ace-1 alleles was conducted using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In both study villages, high phenotypic resistance to several pyrethroids and DDT was observed, with mortality in the range of 12-23%. There was a sharp decrease in mortality in An. gambiae s.l. exposed to bendiocarb (carbamate) from 84% in November 2011 to 31% in December 2012 after two rounds of bendiocarb-based indoor residual spraying (IRS). Anopheles gambiae s.l. remained susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl (organophosphate). Bendiocarb-based IRS did not lead to the reversion of pyrethroid resistance. There was no evidence for selection for Ace-1 resistance alleles. The need to investigate the operational impact of the observed resistance selection on the effectiveness of longlasting insecticidal nets and IRS for malaria control is urgent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Matowo
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania; Pan-African Malaria Vector Research Consortium (PAMVERC), Moshi, Tanzania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lovibond S, Hengel C, Rowland M. Cardiovascular outcome following mitral valve annuloplasty band removal following foreign body reaction, recurrent valve thrombosis and thromboembolic stroke. Possible implications for future practice. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
40
|
Kabula B, Tungu P, Malima R, Rowland M, Minja J, Wililo R, Ramsan M, McElroy PD, Kafuko J, Kulkarni M, Protopopoff N, Magesa S, Mosha F, Kisinza W. Distribution and spread of pyrethroid and DDT resistance among the Anopheles gambiae complex in Tanzania. Med Vet Entomol 2014; 28:244-52. [PMID: 24192019 PMCID: PMC10884793 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of insecticide resistance is a threat to the control of malaria in Africa. We report the findings of a national survey carried out in Tanzania in 2011 to monitor the susceptibility of malaria vectors to pyrethroid, organophosphate, carbamate and DDT insecticides, and compare these findings with those identified in 2004 and 2010. Standard World Health Organization (WHO) methods were used to detect knock-down and mortality rates in wild female Anopheles gambiae s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) collected from 14 sentinel districts. Diagnostic doses of the pyrethroids deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin and permethrin, the carbamate propoxur, the organophosphate fenitrothion and the organochlorine DDT were used. Anopheles gambiae s.l. was resistant to permethrin in Muleba, where a mortality rate of 11% [95% confidence interval (CI) 6-19%] was recorded, Muheza (mortality rate of 75%, 95% CI 66-83%), Moshi and Arumeru (mortality rates of 74% in both). Similarly, resistance was reported to lambdacyhalothrin in Muleba, Muheza, Moshi and Arumeru (mortality rates of 31-82%), and to deltamethrin in Muleba, Moshi and Muheza (mortality rates of 28-75%). Resistance to DDT was reported in Muleba. No resistance to the carbamate propoxur or the organophosphate fenitrothion was observed. Anopheles gambiae s.l. is becoming resistant to pyrethoids and DDT in several parts of Tanzania. This has coincided with the scaling up of vector control measures. Resistance may impair the effectiveness of these interventions and therefore demands close monitoring and the adoption of a resistance management strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Kabula
- Amani Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Ubwari, Muheza, Tanzania; Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Tumaini University, Moshi, Tanzania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Patnode CD, O'Connor E, Rowland M, Burda BU, Perdue LA, Whitlock EP. Primary care behavioral interventions to prevent or reduce illicit drug use and nonmedical pharmaceutical use in children and adolescents: a systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2014; 160:612-20. [PMID: 24615613 DOI: 10.7326/m13-2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug use among youths is associated with negative health and social consequences. Even infrequent use increases the risk for serious adverse events by increasing risk-taking behaviors in intoxicated or impaired persons. PURPOSE To systematically review the benefits and harms of primary care-relevant interventions designed to prevent or reduce illicit drug use or the nonmedical use of prescription drugs among youths. DATA SOURCES PubMed, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through 4 June 2013; MEDLINE through 31 August 2013; and manual searches of reference lists and gray literature. STUDY SELECTION Two investigators independently reviewed 2253 abstracts and 144 full-text articles. English-language trials of primary care-relevant behavioral interventions that reported drug use, health outcomes, or harms were included. DATA EXTRACTION One investigator abstracted data from good- and fair-quality trials into prespecified evidence tables, and a second investigator checked these data. DATA SYNTHESIS Six trials were included, 4 of which examined the effect of the intervention on a health or social outcome. One trial found no effect of the intervention on marijuana-related consequences or driving under the influence of marijuana; 3 trials generally found no reduction in depressed mood at 12 or 24 months. Four of the 5 trials assessing self-reported marijuana use found statistically significant differences favoring the intervention group participants (such as a between-group difference of 0.10 to 0.17 use occasions in the past month). Three trials also reported positive outcomes in nonmedical prescription drug use occasions. LIMITATIONS The body of evidence was small, and there were heterogeneous measures of outcomes of limited clinical applicability. Trials primarily included adolescents with little or no substance use. CONCLUSION Evidence is inadequate on the benefits of primary care-relevant behavioral interventions in reducing self-reported illicit and pharmaceutical drug use among adolescents. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
Collapse
|
42
|
Rowland M, Peterson-Besse J, Dobbertin K, Walsh ES, Horner-Johnson W. Health outcome disparities among subgroups of people with disabilities: a scoping review. Disabil Health J 2013; 7:136-50. [PMID: 24680042 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of research has found that people with disabilities experience lower health status and an excess burden of disease relative to the general US population. However, the population of people with disabilities is quite diverse. Thus, it is important to understand health differences between subgroups of people with disabilities in order to most effectively target interventions to address disparities. An initial step in this process is reviewing and synthesizing available research addressing these subgroup differences. OBJECTIVES To conduct a scoping review of literature to describe recent research activity that has examined health outcome disparities within populations of people with disabilities. METHODS We searched for relevant articles in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases. Three staff independently reviewed abstracts according to inclusion criteria. Two authors then independently extracted data from each included article. RESULTS For many of the health outcomes of interest, there was no published literature in relation to key disparity factors (e.g. race, income) within the population of people with disabilities. The health outcomes most frequently examined were diabetes and heart disease. The most frequently examined disparity factors were the type of disabling condition and gender. CONCLUSIONS There are significant gaps in available research. Building a body of research that identifies disparities and potentially vulnerable subgroups may improve understanding of the causes of disparities and contribute to efforts to improve quality of life and health outcomes for individuals with disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Rowland
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Emily S Walsh
- Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center, Scientific Resource Center, AHRQ Effective Health Care Program, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rowland M, Farris C, Lesnock J, Krivak T. Cost comparison of primary debulking surgery to neoadjuvant chemo- therapy for treatment of advanced stage ovarian cancer in patients ≥65years old. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
44
|
Rowland M, Lesnock J, Edwards R, Richard S, Zorn K, Sukumvanich P, Krivak T. Occult uterine cancer in patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy with morcellation: Implications for surveillance for disease recurrence and outcomes. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
45
|
Drumm BR, Bourke B, Drummond J, McNicholas F, Quinn S, Broderick A, Taaffe S, Twomey J, Rowland M. Cyclical vomiting syndrome in children: a prospective study. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:922-7. [PMID: 22762244 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2012.01960.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclical vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder that affects all ages and is characterized by episodes of severe nausea and vomiting with symptom-free intervals between episodes. The incidence in children is 3.15/100 000 children per year. Our objective was to evaluate the natural history of CVS and examine factors that predict symptom resolution. METHODS Thirty newly diagnosed children (mean 9.15 years, SD 3.31 range 3.5-15.7) were enrolled. All children had a follow-up interview at 3 months, 27/30 at 6 months, and 22/30 at 9 months. KEY RESULTS Following diagnosis of CVS, only 5/22(22.7%) children had no further episodes of vomiting at 9 months, whereas 17/22 (77.3%) continued to vomit. In the year prior to diagnosis, 15/30 (50%) children were admitted to hospital. Of the 22 children with follow-up for 9 months, only one child required hospital admission. Children who continued to vomit had higher internalizing scores on CBCL compared with those who stopped vomiting (P = NS). The Pediatric Quality-of-Life Score suggested those who continued to vomit had a poorer quality of life at diagnosis compared with those who stopped vomiting (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Making a positive diagnosis of CVS and providing families with information is very important in the management of CVS. Although 75% of children reported regular episodes of vomiting 9 months after diagnosis, there was a significant reduction in the frequency and severity of symptoms in addition to a marked reduction in the use of medical services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B R Drumm
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Dublin Academic Medical Centre, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhao P, Rowland M, Huang SM. Best Practice in the Use of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation to Address Clinical Pharmacology Regulatory Questions. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2012; 92:17-20. [PMID: 22713733 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2012.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
47
|
Rowland M, Gallagher C, Gallagher C, Olaoide R, Canny G, Broderick A, Greally P, Slattery D, Daly L, McElvaney N, Durie P, Bourke B. WS1.1 Liver disease in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(12)00085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
48
|
Kezic S, O’Regan GM, Yau N, Sandilands A, Chen H, Campbell LE, Kroboth K, Watson R, Rowland M, Irwin McLean WH, Irvine AD. Levels of filaggrin degradation products are influenced by both filaggrin genotype and atopic dermatitis severity. Allergy 2011; 66:934-40. [PMID: 21261659 PMCID: PMC3586662 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Filaggrin, coded by FLG, is the main source of several major components of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) in the stratum corneum (SC), including pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA) and urocanic acid (UCA). Loss-offunction mutations in FLG lead to reduced levels of filaggrin degradation products in the SC. It has recently been suggested that expression of filaggrin may additionally be influenced by the atopic inflammatory response. In this study, we investigated the levels of several breakdown products of filaggrin in the SC in healthy controls (CTRL) and patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) in relation to FLG null allele status. We examined the relationship between NMF (defined here as the sum of PCA and UCA) and AD severity. Methods: The SC levels of filaggrin degradation products including PCA, UCA, histidine (HIS) and tyrosine were determined in 24 CTRL and 96 patients with moderate-to-severe AD. All subjects were screened for 11 FLG mutations relevant for the study population. Results: The levels of PCA, UCA and HIS correlated with FLG genotype. Furthermore, these levels were higher in the CTRL when compared to AD patients with no FLG mutations. Multiple regression analysis showed that NMF levels were independently associated with FLG genotype and severity of disease. Conclusion: Decreased NMF is a global feature of moderate-to-severe AD; within AD, FLG genotype is the major determinant of NMF, with disease severity as a secondary modifier. NMF components are reliably determined by a noninvasive and relatively inexpensive tape stripping technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G. M. O’Regan
- The National Children’s Research Centre, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - N. Yau
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A. Sandilands
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - H. Chen
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - L. E. Campbell
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - K. Kroboth
- Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - R. Watson
- The National Children’s Research Centre, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital
| | - M. Rowland
- The National Children’s Research Centre, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - A. D. Irvine
- The National Children’s Research Centre, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Affiliation(s)
- S Toon
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL
| | - M Rowland
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Unadkat JD, Rowland M. Interaction Between Prednisolone and Prednisone for Binding Sites on Plasma Proteins. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1982.tb00897.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J D Unadkat
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - M Rowland
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|