1
|
Shi QQ, Yick KL, Wu J, Huang X, Tse CY, Chan MK. A Scientometric Analysis and Visualization of Prosthetic Foot Research Work: 2000 to 2022. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1138. [PMID: 37892868 PMCID: PMC10604169 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to highlight recent research work on topics around prosthetic feet through a scientometric analysis and historical review. The most cited publications from the Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection database were identified and analyzed from 1 January 2000 to 31 October 2022. Original articles, reviews with full manuscripts, conference proceedings, early access documents, and meeting abstracts were included. A scientometric visualization analysis of the bibliometric information related to the publications, including the countries, institutions, journals, references, and keywords, was conducted. A total of 1827 publications met the search criteria in this study. The related publications grouped by year show an overall trend of increase during the two decades from 2000 to 2022. The United States is ranked first in terms of overall influence in this field (n = 774). The Northwestern University has published the most papers on prosthetic feet (n = 84). Prosthetics and Orthotics International has published the largest number of studies on prosthetic feet (n = 151). During recent years, a number of studies with citation bursts and burst keywords (e.g., diabetes, gait, pain, and sensor) have provided clues on the hotspots of prosthetic feet and prosthetic foot trends. The findings of this study are based on a comprehensive analysis of the literature and highlight the research topics on prosthetic feet that have been primarily explored. The data provide guidance to clinicians and researchers to further studies in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Qiong Shi
- Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence in Design, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Kit-Lun Yick
- Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence in Design, Hong Kong, China;
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Jinlong Wu
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
| | - Xujia Huang
- School of Recreational Sports and Tourism, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Chi-Yung Tse
- Centre for Orthopaedic Surgery, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Mei-Ki Chan
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harrison N, Chan MK. Harrison and Chan Reply. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:199702. [PMID: 37243646 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.199702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Harrison
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - M K Chan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chan MK, Sharkey JD, Nylund-Gibson K, Dowdy E. Associations of School Diversity with Students' Race-based Victimization and School Connectedness: A Combined Influence of Student and Teacher Racial/Ethnic Diversity and Socioeconomic Diversity. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:44-60. [PMID: 36459270 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
School diversity has been shown to be associated with students' school experiences. However, most studies have focused solely on student racial/ethnic diversity, in spite of the multifaceted nature of diversity. This study assessed how the combined influence of student and teacher racial/ethnic diversity and socioeconomic diversity were related to race-based victimization, school connectedness, and racial/ethnic disparities of these outcomes. The participants were Asian, Black, Latinx, and White students (n = 100,408; 46.2-53.5% female) in Grade 7 to Grade 12 attending 278 public schools in California. The participating schools' diversity contexts were categorized into four latent profiles differentiated by varying levels of student and teacher racial/ethnic diversity and socioeconomic diversity. Race-based victimization was the least prevalent in schools with low student racial/ethnic diversity, low socioeconomic diversity, and moderate teacher racial/ethnic diversity. The magnitude of racial/ethnic disparities in race-based victimization differed across the four latent profiles; racial/ethnic disparities were minimal when there were similar numbers of students in each racial/ethnic group. School diversity's relation with school connectedness was minimal. White students perceived higher school connectedness than other racial/ethnic groups across profiles, but the White-Latinx gap was smaller in profiles with schools having a homogeneous Latinx student population. The findings underline the importance of understanding school diversity's interaction with students' characteristics, particularly racial/ethnic identity, on students' school experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ki Chan
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| | - Jill D Sharkey
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - Erin Dowdy
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Harrison N, Chan MK. Magic Gap Ratio for Optimally Robust Fermionic Condensation and Its Implications for High-T_{c} Superconductivity. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:017001. [PMID: 35841553 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.017001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bardeen-Schrieffer-Cooper (BCS) and Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) occur at opposite limits of a continuum of pairing interaction strength between fermions. A crossover between these limits is readily observed in a cold atomic Fermi gas. Whether it occurs in other systems such as the high temperature superconducting cuprates has remained an open question. We uncover here unambiguous evidence for a BCS-BEC crossover in the cuprates by identifying a universal magic gap ratio 2Δ/k_{B}T_{c}≈6.5 (where Δ is the pairing gap and T_{c} is the transition temperature) at which paired fermion condensates become optimally robust. At this gap ratio, corresponding to the unitary point in a cold atomic Fermi gas, the measured condensate fraction N_{0} and the height of the jump δγ(T_{c}) in the coefficient γ of the fermionic specific heat at T_{c} are strongly peaked. In the cuprates, δγ(T_{c}) is peaked at this gap ratio when Δ corresponds to the antinodal spectroscopic gap, thus reinforcing its interpretation as the pairing gap. We find the peak in δγ(T_{c}) also to coincide with a normal state maximum in γ, which is indicative of a pairing fluctuation pseudogap above T_{c}.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Harrison
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M K Chan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chan MK, Sharkey JD, Lawrie SI, Arch DAN, Nylund-Gibson K. Elementary school teacher well-being and supportive measures amid COVID-19: An exploratory study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 36:533-545. [PMID: 34292036 DOI: 10.1037/spq0000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
As frontline education providers, teachers have encountered many challenges since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. To better understand teacher well-being during this crisis and inform practices to support them, this study employed an online survey with a mixed-methods approach to assess teacher well-being and the support they need to work effectively. A sample of 151 elementary school teachers in the United States was recruited in summer 2020 to complete an online survey through emails and social media outlets. Participants were asked to provide retrospective reports of their experiences teaching in spring 2020 after schools closed due to COVID-19. The majority of participants reported feeling emotionally exhausted and high levels of task stress and job ambiguity. Consistent with hypotheses, path analysis testing a model informed by the job demand-resources framework indicated that task stress and job ambiguity were robustly related to teacher well-being. Moreover, three job resources (i.e., teaching efficacy, school connectedness, and teaching autonomy) were related to job satisfaction. A moderation finding revealed that teachers who reported high teaching efficacy felt emotionally exhausted when they were unclear of their job duties. Thematic analysis of responses to an open-ended question found that teachers would feel supported if provided resources to develop competence in distance learning, workplace emotional support, and flexibility during COVID-19. The findings identified a critical need to allocate more attention and resources to support teacher psychological health by strengthening emotional support, autonomy, and teaching efficacy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ki Chan
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology
| | - Jill D Sharkey
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang C, Chen C, Lin X, Chan MK. School-wide social emotional learning and cyberbullying victimization among middle and high school students: Moderating role of school climate. Sch Psychol 2021. [DOI: 10.1037/spq0000423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
7
|
Stifel SWF, Feinberg DK, Zhang Y, Chan MK, Wagle R. Assessment During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Ethical, Legal, and Safety Considerations Moving Forward. School Psychology Review 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/2372966x.2020.1844549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
8
|
Yang C, Chan MK, Ma TL. School-wide social emotional learning (SEL) and bullying victimization: Moderating role of school climate in elementary, middle, and high schools. J Sch Psychol 2020; 82:49-69. [PMID: 32988463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Guided by the school-wide social-emotional learning framework and social-ecological model, in this study we examined the associations between students' perceptions of four core social emotional learning (SEL) competencies (i.e., responsible decision-making, social awareness, self-management, and relationship skills) and school climate and their experience with bullying victimization through a multilevel framework. We also examined the multilevel moderating effects of students' perceptions of school climate, gender, and school levels (elementary, middle, and high schools) on the association between SEL competencies and bullying victimization. Participants were 23,532 students (4th to 12th grade) from 90 schools in Delaware. Using hierarchical linear modeling and controlling for demographic factors and school climate at both student and school levels, we found that three of the four core SEL competencies (i.e., social awareness, relationship skills, and self-management) and student-level school climate perceptions had significant associations with students' bullying victimization experiences. Moreover, the positive association between social awareness and bullying victimization and the negative association between self-management and bullying victimization were both mitigated in schools with more positive school climate at the student level. The association between some of the SEL competencies and bullying victimization varied depending on students' gender and grade levels. The findings highlight the unique and differentiated relations among the four core SEL competencies and students' bullying victimization experiences; they also suggest the importance of including school climate assessment and applying gender- and grade-level-specific efforts in bullying prevention programs with an SEL focus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Yang
- Graduate School of Education, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America.
| | - Mei-Ki Chan
- Department of Counseling, Clinical, and School Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, United States of America
| | - Ting-Lan Ma
- Edgewood College, Madison, WI, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chan MK, Jull P. Accuracy of selected neurological clinical tests in diagnosing MRI-detectable forebrain lesion in dogs. Aust Vet J 2020; 98:499-503. [PMID: 32671818 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This retrospective case study aims to evaluate the accuracy of menace response, response to nasal stimulation and proprioceptive placing in diagnosing forebrain lesion in dogs. A total of 145 client-owned dogs investigated by magnetic resonance imaging study of the brain between December 2017 and June 2019 were evaluated. Seventy-one dogs with no magnetic resonance imaging-detectable intracranial and significant cerebrospinal fluid abnormality or recent history of seizure (<48 h) served as controls. Binary regression analysis was performed to determine the sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratios of each selected test. Older age at presentation was a significant risk factor for the presence of a forebrain lesion. Menace (62.5%) and proprioceptive deficits (40.5%) were common findings in all dogs. They were also significantly associated with the presence of forebrain abnormality. Moreover, they were more sensitive (77.3% and 82.2%, respectively) and specific (50.0% and 62.5%, respectively) when applied to dogs aged 6 years or older. Nonetheless, all of these tests' likelihood ratios, and thus reliability are poor. These neurological tests are commonly employed for diagnosing forebrain disease in dogs, yet are not highly accurate in diagnosing forebrain abnormality. Clinicians should interpret these clinical test results along with the patient history when designing a diagnostic plan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Chan
- The VSCAN, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Jull
- The VSCAN, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chan MK, Toribio JA, Podadera JM, Child G. Incidence, cause, outcome and possible risk factors associated with facial nerve paralysis in dogs in a Sydney population (2001-2016): a retrospective study. Aust Vet J 2019; 98:140-147. [PMID: 31867719 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the incidence and causes of facial nerve paralysis (FNP) in dogs in the Sydney region. Its outcome and possible risk factors are investigated to prognosticate and aid design of diagnostic and treatment plans. DESIGN Retrospective case study. METHODS Client-owned dogs presented to the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Sydney (UVTHS), between 2001 and 2016 with FNP were included (n = 122). The incidence of each cause of FNP was investigated. A reference population of noncases seen at the UVTHS during the same time period was used to study the association between idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (IFNP) and gender, age and breed. RESULTS IFNP (29.5%) was the most common diagnosis. Male dogs (odds ratio [OR], 2.3) had increased odds of IFNP compared with female dogs. Age was a significant risk factor for both the occurrence of FNP and IFNP. There was higher occurrence of IFNP among middle-aged dogs (5-13 years) and reduced risk in juvenile dogs (less than 2 years). Cavalier King Charles Spaniels were over-represented for FNP (OR, 6.9) and IFNP (OR, 17.5). For IFNP, 6 of 16 dogs with known follow-up showed definitive resolution within 3 years of diagnosis. Concurrent vestibular signs were common in dogs with middle/inner ear abnormality and intracranial disease; and were also seen in 50% of dogs with IFNP. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate statistical predilections in age, gender and breed for IFNP. Guarded prognosis for recovery should be given to dogs diagnosed with IFNP and supportive management instigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Chan
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J-Alml Toribio
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J M Podadera
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G Child
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tsang KH, Chan WSW, Shiu CK, Lee JCY, Chan MK. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Hong Kong J Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1815336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
12
|
Lee JCY, Tsang KH, Cheuk W, Chan MK. Positron-emission Tomography–Computed Tomography for Detection of Primary Pericardial Lymphoma. Hong Kong J Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1616405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
13
|
Fung HS, Chiu JLF, Shu SJ, Chan MK, Lai AKH, Wong WK, Chan SCH. A Man with Head Injury. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490790801500208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Head injury is common and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We report a 71-year-old man with typical imaging findings of depressed skull fracture on plain film and computed tomography with images in multi-planar reformat and 3-dimensional volume rendering technique, followed by a brief review of the literature.
Collapse
|
14
|
Chan CYH, Tsang KWK, Lai KC, Chan MK. Dual-energy Computed Tomography for Diagnosis of Gouty Tophus of Tibia with Pathological Fracture Simulating Malignancy. Hong Kong J Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1715374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
15
|
Lee JCY, Shiu CK, Lai KC, Chan MK. Metal Artefact Reduction for Orthopaedic Devices Using Monoenergetic Extrapolation from Dual-energy Computed Tomography. Hong Kong J Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1716423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
16
|
Lee ACW, Tse KS, Lai KC, Chan MK, Tsang WK, Shiu CK, Cheng SS, Tang KW. Bone Surface Tumours and Tumour-like Conditions. Hong Kong J Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1716433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
17
|
Chan MK, Tang Y, Dorow CJ, Jeong J, Mangin-Thro L, Veit MJ, Ge Y, Abernathy DL, Sidis Y, Bourges P, Greven M. Hourglass Dispersion and Resonance of Magnetic Excitations in the Superconducting State of the Single-Layer Cuprate HgBa_{2}CuO_{4+δ} Near Optimal Doping. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:277002. [PMID: 28084762 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.277002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We use neutron scattering to study magnetic excitations near the antiferromagnetic wave vector in the underdoped single-layer cuprate HgBa_{2}CuO_{4+δ} (superconducting transition temperature T_{c}≈88 K, pseudogap temperature T^{*}≈220 K). The response is distinctly enhanced below T^{*} and exhibits a Y-shaped dispersion in the pseudogap state, whereas the superconducting state features an X-shaped (hourglass) dispersion and a further resonancelike enhancement. A large spin gap of about 40 meV is observed in both states. This phenomenology is reminiscent of that exhibited by bilayer cuprates. The resonance spectral weight, irrespective of doping and compound, scales linearly with the putative binding energy of a spin exciton described by an itinerant-spin formalism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Chan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
- Pulsed Field Facility, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Y Tang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C J Dorow
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J Jeong
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - L Mangin-Thro
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - M J Veit
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Y Ge
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - D L Abernathy
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Y Sidis
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - P Bourges
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - M Greven
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tsang KH, Chan WSW, Chan MK, Lai KC, Chan ACL. Synovial Sarcoma: Epidemiology, Prognosis, and Imaging in a Tertiary Referral Centre. Hong Kong J Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1615298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
19
|
Gottschalk MG, Cooper JD, Chan MK, Bot M, Penninx BWJH, Bahn S. Serum biomarkers predictive of depressive episodes in panic disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 73:53-62. [PMID: 26687614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Panic disorder with or without comorbid agoraphobia (PD/PDA) has been linked to an increased risk to develop subsequent depressive episodes, yet the underlying pathophysiology of these disorders remains poorly understood. We aimed to identify a biomarker panel predictive for the development of a depressive disorder (major depressive disorder and/or dysthymia) within a 2-year-follow-up period. Blood serum concentrations of 165 analytes were evaluated in 120 PD/PDA patients without depressive disorder baseline diagnosis (6-month-recency) in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). We assessed the predictive performance of serum biomarkers, clinical, and self-report variables using receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) and the area under the ROC curve (AUC). False-discovery-rate corrected logistic regression model selection of serum analytes and covariates identified an optimal predictive panel comprised of tetranectin and creatine kinase MB along with patient gender and scores from the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) rating scale. Combined, an AUC of 0.87 was reached for identifying the PD/PDA patients who developed a depressive disorder within 2 years (n = 44). The addition of biomarkers represented a significant (p = 0.010) improvement over using gender and IDS alone as predictors (AUC = 0.78). For the first time, we report on a combination of biological serum markers, clinical variables and self-report inventories that can detect PD/PDA patients at increased risk of developing subsequent depressive disorders with good predictive performance in a naturalistic cohort design. After an independent validation our proposed biomarkers could prove useful in the detection of at-risk PD/PDA patients, allowing for early therapeutic interventions and improving clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M G Gottschalk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J D Cooper
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M K Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Bot
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - S Bahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Tsang KH, Cheung TY, Chan WSW, Chan MK. Primary Pericardial Osteosarcoma in an Elderly Patient. Hong Kong J Radiol 2015. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1515294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
22
|
Tsang KH, Chan WSW, Shiu CK, Chan MK. The safety and tolerability of adenosine as a pharmacological stressor in stress perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the Chinese population. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21:524-7. [PMID: 26273015 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj144437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the safety profile and effectiveness of adenosine as a pharmacological stressor in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging perfusion study. SETTING Regional hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS All patients who underwent adenosine stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging from May 2013 to August 2013 were prospectively interviewed during the scan. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Common side-effects of adenosine as well as any other discomfort experienced during the scan were recorded. Haemodynamic changes including systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate before and during adenosine administration were also recorded. RESULTS There were 98 consecutive patients with a mean (± standard deviation) age of 64.0 ± 11.4 years (range, 10-83 years) and mean body weight of 67.5 ± 12.0 kg. Male-to-female ratio was 2.5:1. Of the 98 patients interviewed, 62 (63.3%) experienced one or more adenosine-associated adverse effects. Chest discomfort was most frequently experienced (48.0%), followed by dyspnoea (29.6%) and headache (20.4%). No life-threatening event occurred. Following adenosine administration, a significant rise in pulse rate (75.1 ± 14.3 vs 93.2 ± 14.7 beats/min; P<0.01) and a significant drop in diastolic blood pressure (75.1 ± 13.3 vs 68.0 ± 13.9 mm Hg; P<0.01) were noted. There was a general decrease in systolic blood pressure, although no statistically significant difference was observed (144.9 ± 17.6 vs 143.1 ± 21.4 mm Hg; P=0.18). CONCLUSION Adenosine stress cardiac magnetic resonance perfusion study is safe and well tolerated in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Tsang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - Winnie S W Chan
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - C K Shiu
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - M K Chan
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gottschalk MG, Cooper JD, Chan MK, Bot M, Penninx BWJH, Bahn S. Discovery of serum biomarkers predicting development of a subsequent depressive episode in social anxiety disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 48:123-31. [PMID: 25929723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although social anxiety disorder (SAD) is strongly associated with the subsequent development of a depressive disorder (major depressive disorder or dysthymia), no underlying biological risk factors are known. We aimed to identify biomarkers which predict depressive episodes in SAD patients over a 2-year follow-up period. One hundred sixty-five multiplexed immunoassay analytes were investigated in blood serum of 143 SAD patients without co-morbid depressive disorders, recruited within the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). Predictive performance of identified biomarkers, clinical variables and self-report inventories was assessed using receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) and represented by the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Stepwise logistic regression resulted in the selection of four serum analytes (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, vitronectin, collagen IV) and four additional variables (Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Beck Anxiety Inventory somatic subscale, depressive disorder lifetime diagnosis, BMI) as optimal set of patient parameters. When combined, an AUC of 0.86 was achieved for the identification of SAD individuals who later developed a depressive disorder. Throughout our analyses, biomarkers yielded superior discriminative performance compared to clinical variables and self-report inventories alone. We report the discovery of a serum marker panel with good predictive performance to identify SAD individuals prone to develop subsequent depressive episodes in a naturalistic cohort design. Furthermore, we emphasise the importance to combine biological markers, clinical variables and self-report inventories for disease course predictions in psychiatry. Following replication in independent cohorts, validated biomarkers could help to identify SAD patients at risk of developing a depressive disorder, thus facilitating early intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M G Gottschalk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J D Cooper
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M K Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Bot
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - S Bahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bot M, Chan MK, Jansen R, Lamers F, Vogelzangs N, Steiner J, Leweke FM, Rothermundt M, Cooper J, Bahn S, Penninx BWJH. Serum proteomic profiling of major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e599. [PMID: 26171980 PMCID: PMC5068719 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Much has still to be learned about the molecular mechanisms of depression. This study aims to gain insight into contributing mechanisms by identifying serum proteins related to major depressive disorder (MDD) in a large psychiatric cohort study. Our sample consisted of 1589 participants of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety, comprising 687 individuals with current MDD (cMDD), 482 individuals with remitted MDD (rMDD) and 420 controls. We studied the relationship between MDD status and the levels of 171 serum proteins detected on a multi-analyte profiling platform using adjusted linear regression models. Pooled analyses of two independent validation cohorts (totaling 78 MDD cases and 156 controls) was carried out to validate our top markers. Twenty-eight analytes differed significantly between cMDD cases and controls (P < 0.05), whereas 10 partly overlapping markers differed significantly between rMDD cases and controls. Antidepressant medication use and comorbid anxiety status did not substantially impact on these findings. Sixteen of the cMDD-related markers had been assayed in the pooled validation cohorts, of which seven were associated with MDD. The analytes prominently associated with cMDD related to diverse cell communication and signal transduction processes (pancreatic polypeptide, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, ENRAGE, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and tenascin-C), immune response (growth-regulated alpha protein) and protein metabolism (von Willebrand factor). Several proteins were implicated in depression. Changes were more prominent in cMDD, suggesting that molecular alterations in serum are associated with acute depression symptomatology. These findings may help to establish serum-based biomarkers of depression and could improve our understanding of its pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bot
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M K Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Vogelzangs
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - F M Leweke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Rothermundt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Evangelisches Klinikum Niederrhein, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - J Cooper
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Bahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Dr S Bahn, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QT, UK
| | - B W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Dr BWJH Penninx, Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, AJ Ernststraat 1187, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mail: or
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Affiliation(s)
- M K Chan
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tabis W, Li Y, Le Tacon M, Braicovich L, Kreyssig A, Minola M, Dellea G, Weschke E, Veit MJ, Ramazanoglu M, Goldman AI, Schmitt T, Ghiringhelli G, Barišić N, Chan MK, Dorow CJ, Yu G, Zhao X, Keimer B, Greven M. Charge order and its connection with Fermi-liquid charge transport in a pristine high-T(c) cuprate. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5875. [PMID: 25522689 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic inhomogeneity appears to be an inherent characteristic of the enigmatic cuprate superconductors. Here we report the observation of charge-density-wave correlations in the model cuprate superconductor HgBa2CuO(4+δ) (T(c)=72 K) via bulk Cu L3-edge-resonant X-ray scattering. At the measured hole-doping level, both the short-range charge modulations and Fermi-liquid transport appear below the same temperature of about 200 K. Our result points to a unifying picture in which these two phenomena are preceded at the higher pseudogap temperature by q=0 magnetic order and the build-up of significant dynamic antiferromagnetic correlations. The magnitude of the charge modulation wave vector is consistent with the size of the electron pocket implied by quantum oscillation and Hall effect measurements for HgBa2CuO(4+δ) and with corresponding results for YBa2Cu3O(6+δ), which indicates that charge-density-wave correlations are universally responsible for the low-temperature quantum oscillation phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Tabis
- 1] School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA [2] AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Y Li
- 1] International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China [2] Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - M Le Tacon
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - L Braicovich
- CNR-SPIN, CNISM and Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - A Kreyssig
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Minola
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - G Dellea
- CNR-SPIN, CNISM and Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - E Weschke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M J Veit
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Ramazanoglu
- 1] Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA [2] Physics Engineering Department, ITU, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A I Goldman
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - T Schmitt
- Research Department Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - G Ghiringhelli
- CNR-SPIN, CNISM and Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - N Barišić
- 1] School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA [2] Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA-DSM-IRAMIS, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France [3] Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - M K Chan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C J Dorow
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - G Yu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - X Zhao
- 1] School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA [2] State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - B Keimer
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M Greven
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chan MK, Veit MJ, Dorow CJ, Ge Y, Li Y, Tabis W, Tang Y, Zhao X, Barišić N, Greven M. In-plane magnetoresistance obeys Kohler's rule in the pseudogap phase of cuprate superconductors. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:177005. [PMID: 25379934 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.177005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report in-plane resistivity (ρ) and transverse magnetoresistance (MR) measurements for underdoped HgBa(2)CuO(4+δ) (Hg1201). Contrary to the long-standing view that Kohler's rule is strongly violated in underdoped cuprates, we find that it is in fact satisfied in the pseudogap phase of Hg1201. The transverse MR shows a quadratic field dependence, δρ/ρ(0)=aH(2), with a(T)∝T(-4). In combination with the observed ρ∝T(2) dependence, this is consistent with a single Fermi-liquid quasiparticle scattering rate. We show that this behavior is typically masked in cuprates with lower structural symmetry or strong disorder effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Chan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M J Veit
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C J Dorow
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Y Ge
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Y Li
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - W Tabis
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA and AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Y Tang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - X Zhao
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA and State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - N Barišić
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA and Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA-DSM-IRAMIS, F 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Greven
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cilento F, Dal Conte S, Coslovich G, Peli S, Nembrini N, Mor S, Banfi F, Ferrini G, Eisaki H, Chan MK, Dorow CJ, Veit MJ, Greven M, van der Marel D, Comin R, Damascelli A, Rettig L, Bovensiepen U, Capone M, Giannetti C, Parmigiani F. Photo-enhanced antinodal conductivity in the pseudogap state of high-Tc cuprates. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4353. [PMID: 25014895 PMCID: PMC4104437 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in understanding the cuprate superconductors is to clarify the nature of the fundamental electronic correlations that lead to the pseudogap phenomenon. Here we use ultrashort light pulses to prepare a non-thermal distribution of excitations and capture novel properties that are hidden at equilibrium. Using a broadband (0.5–2 eV) probe, we are able to track the dynamics of the dielectric function and unveil an anomalous decrease in the scattering rate of the charge carriers in a pseudogap-like region of the temperature (T) and hole-doping (p) phase diagram. In this region, delimited by a well-defined T*neq(p) line, the photoexcitation process triggers the evolution of antinodal excitations from gapped (localized) to delocalized quasiparticles characterized by a longer lifetime. The novel concept of photo-enhanced antinodal conductivity is naturally explained within the single-band Hubbard model, in which the short-range Coulomb repulsion leads to a k-space differentiation between nodal quasiparticles and antinodal excitations. The pseudogap phase exhibited by the cuprates is almost as enigmatic as superconductivity in these materials itself. A time-resolved study performed by Cilento et al. suggests that this state can be photoexcited into a transient non-equilibrium state that is more conductive than the equilibrium state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Cilento
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., I-34149 Basovizza, Italy
| | - S Dal Conte
- 1] Department of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy [2] i-LAMP (Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy [3]
| | - G Coslovich
- 1] Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy [2]
| | - S Peli
- 1] Department of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy [2] Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - N Nembrini
- 1] Department of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy [2] Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - S Mor
- Department of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - F Banfi
- 1] Department of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy [2] i-LAMP (Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - G Ferrini
- 1] Department of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy [2] i-LAMP (Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Eisaki
- Nanoelectronics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - M K Chan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C J Dorow
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M J Veit
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Greven
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - D van der Marel
- Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Université de Genève, CH1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - R Comin
- 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1 [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - A Damascelli
- 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1 [2] Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - L Rettig
- 1] Fakultaet fuer Physik and Zentrum für Nanointegration (CENIDE), Universitaet Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany [2]
| | - U Bovensiepen
- Fakultaet fuer Physik and Zentrum für Nanointegration (CENIDE), Universitaet Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - M Capone
- CNR-IOM Democritos National Simulation Center and Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - C Giannetti
- 1] Department of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy [2] i-LAMP (Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - F Parmigiani
- 1] Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., I-34149 Basovizza, Italy [2] Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lau TK, Cheung SW, Lo PSS, Pursley AN, Chan MK, Jiang F, Zhang H, Wang W, Jong LFJ, Yuen OKC, Chan HYC, Chan WSK, Choy KW. Non-invasive prenatal testing for fetal chromosomal abnormalities by low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of maternal plasma DNA: review of 1982 consecutive cases in a single center. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014; 43:254-264. [PMID: 24339153 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the performance of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) by low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of maternal plasma DNA at a single center. METHODS The NIPT result and pregnancy outcome of 1982 consecutive cases were reviewed. NIPT was based on low coverage (0.1×) whole-genome sequencing of maternal plasma DNA. All subjects were contacted for pregnancy and fetal outcome. RESULTS Of the 1982 NIPT tests, a repeat blood sample was required in 23 (1.16%). In one case, a conclusive report could not be issued, probably because of an abnormal vanished twin fetus. NIPT was positive for common trisomies in 29 cases (23 were trisomy 21, four were trisomy 18 and two were trisomy 13); all were confirmed by prenatal karyotyping (specificity=100%). In addition, 11 cases were positive for sex-chromosomal abnormalities (SCA), and nine cases were positive for other aneuploidies or deletion/duplication. Fourteen of these 20 subjects agreed to undergo further investigations, and the abnormality was found to be of fetal origin in seven, confined placental mosaicism (CPM) in four, of maternal origin in two and not confirmed in one. Overall, 85.7% of the NIPT-suspected SCA were of fetal origin, and 66.7% of the other abnormalities were caused by CPM. Two of the six cases suspected or confirmed to have CPM were complicated by early-onset growth restriction requiring delivery before 34 weeks. Fetal outcome of the NIPT-negative cases was ascertained in 1645 (85.15%). Three chromosomal abnormalities were not detected by NIPT, including one case each of a balanced translocation, unbalanced translocation and triploidy. There were no known false negatives involving the common trisomies (sensitivity=100%). CONCLUSIONS Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of maternal plasma DNA was highly accurate in detecting common trisomies. It also enabled the detection of other aneuploidies and structural chromosomal abnormalities with high positive predictive value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T K Lau
- Fetal Medicine Centre, Paramount Medical Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mounce AM, Oh S, Lee JA, Halperin WP, Reyes AP, Kuhns PL, Chan MK, Dorow C, Ji L, Xia D, Zhao X, Greven M. Absence of static loop-current magnetism at the apical oxygen site in HgBa2CuO4+δ from NMR. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:187003. [PMID: 24237553 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.187003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The simple structure of HgBa(2)CuO(4+δ) (Hg1201) is ideal among cuprates for study of the pseudogap phase as a broken symmetry state. We have performed (17)O nuclear magnetic resonance on an underdoped Hg1201 crystal with a transition temperature of 74 K to look for circulating loop currents proposed theoretically and inferred from neutron scattering. The narrow spectra preclude static local fields in the pseudogap phase at the apical site, suggesting that the moments observed with neutrons are fluctuating. The nuclear magnetic resonance frequency shifts are consistent with a dipolar field from the Cu(2+) site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Mounce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li Y, Le Tacon M, Matiks Y, Boris AV, Loew T, Lin CT, Chen L, Chan MK, Dorow C, Ji L, Barišić N, Zhao X, Greven M, Keimer B. Doping-dependent photon scattering resonance in the model high-temperature superconductor HgBa2CuO4+δ revealed by Raman scattering and optical ellipsometry. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:187001. [PMID: 24237551 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.187001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We study the model high-temperature superconductor HgBa(2)CuO(4+δ) with electronic Raman scattering and optical ellipsometry over a wide doping range. The dependence of the resonant Raman cross section on the incident photon energy changes drastically as a function of doping, in a manner that corresponds to a rearrangement of the interband optical transitions seen with ellipsometry. This doping-dependent Raman resonance allows us to reconcile the apparent discrepancy between Raman and x-ray detection of magnetic fluctuations in superconducting cuprates. Intriguingly, the strongest variation occurs across the doping level where the antinodal superconducting gap appears to reach its maximum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Choi H, Lau TK, Jiang FM, Chan MK, Zhang HY, Lo PSS, Chen F, Zhang L, Wang W. Fetal aneuploidy screening by maternal plasma DNA sequencing: 'false positive' due to confined placental mosaicism. Prenat Diagn 2012. [PMID: 23192749 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
33
|
Pasic MD, Colantonio DA, Chan MK, Venner AA, Brinc D, Adeli K. Influence of fasting and sample collection time on 38 biochemical markers in healthy children: a CALIPER substudy. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:1125-30. [PMID: 22820439 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fasting samples can be difficult to obtain in the pediatric setting, particularly in neonates. As part of the Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER), we aimed to determine if there are differences in serum concentrations of pediatric biochemical markers measured at fasting, postprandial, and random time points throughout the day. DESIGN AND METHODS Blood was drawn from 27 healthy children and adolescents (aged 4-18) with informed consent at 4 time points: after overnight fast, mid-morning after breakfast, within 2h after lunch, and late afternoon. The effect of fasting on 38 chemistries was evaluated by paired, two-tailed student'st-tests. Analysis of the effect of time of day was done using paired, repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS Fasting significantly affected 22 analytes, with HDL cholesterol being the most highly affected. Values tended to decrease postprandially, except for five analytes, including triglycerides, which increased. By ANOVA, 28 chemistries significantly differed across times of day tested. CONCLUSIONS Fasting is necessary for analysis of certain chemistries in pediatric subjects. Pediatricians should consider diurnal factors when ordering non-fasting tests and interpreting test results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Pasic
- Clinical Biochemistry Division, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li Y, Le Tacon M, Bakr M, Terrade D, Manske D, Hackl R, Ji L, Chan MK, Barišić N, Zhao X, Greven M, Keimer B. Feedback effect on high-energy magnetic fluctuations in the model high-temperature superconductor HgBa2CuO(4+δ) observed by electronic Raman scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:227003. [PMID: 23003643 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.227003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We use electronic Raman scattering to study the model single-layer cuprate superconductor HgBa(2)CuO(4+δ). In an overdoped sample, we observe a pronounced amplitude enhancement of a high-energy peak related to two-magnon excitations in insulating cuprates upon cooling below the critical temperature T(c). This effect is accompanied by the appearance of the superconducting gap and a pairing peak above the gap in the Raman spectrum, and it can be understood as a hitherto-undetected feedback effect on the high-energy magnetic fluctuations due to the Cooper pairing interaction. This implies a direct involvement of the high-energy magnetic fluctuations in the pairing mechanism. All of these effects occur already above T(c) in two underdoped samples, demonstrating a related feedback mechanism associated with the pseudogap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Garlid ES, Hu QO, Chan MK, Palmstrøm CJ, Crowell PA. Electrical measurement of the direct spin hall effect in Fe/InxGa(1-x)As heterostructures. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:156602. [PMID: 21230922 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.156602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on an all-electrical measurement of the spin Hall effect in epitaxial Fe/InxGa(1-x)As heterostructures with n-type (Si) channel doping and highly doped Schottky tunnel barriers. A transverse spin current generated by an ordinary charge current flowing in the InxGa(1-x)As is detected by measuring the spin accumulation at the edges of the channel. The spin accumulation is identified through the observation of a Hanle effect in the voltage measured by pairs of ferromagnetic Hall contacts. We investigate the bias and temperature dependence of the resulting Hanle signal and determine the skew and side-jump contributions to the total spin Hall conductivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E S Garlid
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Eisenberg DP, Carpenter SG, Adusumilli PS, Chan MK, Hendershott KJ, Yu Z, Fong Y. Hyperthermia potentiates oncolytic herpes viral killing of pancreatic cancer through a heat shock protein pathway. Surgery 2010; 148:325-34. [PMID: 20633729 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is designed to specifically infect, replicate in, and lyse cancer cells. This study investigates a novel therapeutic regimen, combining the effects of NV1066 (a recombinant HSV-1) and hyperthermia in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. METHODS NV1066 is an attenuated HSV-1 that replicates in cells resistant to apoptosis. Heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) is a member of a family of proteins that is upregulated after hyperthermic insult, lending cellular protection by inhibiting apoptosis. In these experiments, we test the hypothesis that increased Hsp72 expression in response to hyperthermia enhances anti-apoptotic mechanisms, thereby increasing viral replication and tumor cell kill. Hs 700T pancreatic cancer cells were treated with hyperthermia alone (42 degrees C), NV1066 alone, and combination therapy. Cell survival and viral growth were measured. The effect of siRNA-directed Hsp72 knockdown was also measured. RESULTS Combining hyperthermia and viral treatment produced a synergistic effect on cell kill. Viral growth increased greater than 6-fold in the presence of hyperthermia (P < .05). Hyperthermia alone showed minimal cytotoxic activity against Hs 700T cells, while NV1066 infection resulted in approximately 50% cell kill. The combination of hyperthermia and viral infection significantly increased cell kill to approximately 80% (P < .01). Hsp72 knockdown attenuated this synergistic effect. CONCLUSION Hyperthermia enhances NV1066 replication, thereby potentiating the viral oncolytic response against pancreatic cancer cells. This finding has potential clinical application in the use of heated perfusion or permissive hyperthermia for delivery of oncolytic viral therapies.
Collapse
|
37
|
Rampakakis E, Di Paola D, Chan MK, Zannis-Hadjopoulos M. Dynamic changes in chromatin structure through post-translational modifications of histone H3 during replication origin activation. J Cell Biochem 2009; 108:400-7. [PMID: 19585526 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Genome duplication relies on the timely activation of multiple replication origins throughout the genome during S phase. Each origin is marked by the assembly of a multiprotein pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and the recruitment of the replicative machinery, which can gain access to replication origins on the DNA through the barrier of specific chromatin structures. Inheritance of the genetic information is further accompanied by maintenance and inheritance of the epigenetic marks, which are accomplished by the activity of histone and DNA modifying enzymes traveling with the replisome. Here, we studied the changes in the chromatin structure at the loci of three replication origins, the early activated human lamin B2 (LB2) and monkey Ors8 (mOrs8) origins and the late-activated human homologue of the latter (hOrs8), during their activation, by measuring the abundance of post-translationally modified histone H3. The data show that dynamic changes in the levels of acetylated, methylated and phosphorylated histone H3 occur during the initiation of DNA replication at these three origin loci, which differ between early- and late-firing origins as well as between human- and monkey-derived cell lines. These results suggest that specific histone modifications are associated with origin firing, temporal activation and replication fork progression and underscore the importance of species specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Rampakakis
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fung HS, Lau S, Chan MK, Tang KW, Cheung YL, Chan SCH. Persistent sciatic artery complicated by aneurysm formation and thrombosis. Hong Kong Med J 2008; 14:492-494. [PMID: 19060351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A persistent sciatic artery is a rare embryological anomaly. We report a case of a persistent sciatic artery with aneurysm formation and thrombosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis/systemic lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome and Raynaud's phenomenon. The diagnosis and complete, accurate evaluation of the arterial anatomy of the lower limb were achieved using computed tomographic angiography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H S Fung
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee S, Chan JWM, Chan SCH, Chan YH, Kwan TL, Chan MK, Ng CK, Lee MP, Law WL, Mok TYW. Bronchial artery embolisation can be equally safe and effective in the management of chronic recurrent haemoptysis. Hong Kong Med J 2008; 14:14-20. [PMID: 18239238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the efficacy and safety of bronchial artery embolisation in patients with acute major haemoptysis and those with chronic recurrent haemoptysis. DESIGN Retrospective review of clinical records. SETTING Regional hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Clinical records of 70 consecutive patients who had undergone bronchial artery embolisation in Queen Elizabeth Hospital from 1998 to 2003 were reviewed. Altogether 74 bronchial artery embolisation procedures were attempted, 46 (62%) for acute major haemoptysis, and 28 (38%) for chronic recurrent bleeding. Follow-up data were available for 32 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES After bronchial artery embolisation, the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests were used to compare the probability of recurrence in the two patient categories. RESULTS Overall immediate control was attained following 99% of the procedures, with a complication rate of 13%; all complications were mild and self-limiting. For the 32 patients (19 having acute major haemoptysis and 13 having chronic recurrent bleeding) with follow-up data available, the overall recurrence rate was 36% (26% in the acute and 47% in chronic group). No statistically significant difference in recurrence probability between the two groups was observed (P=0.24). Presence of active pulmonary tuberculosis was associated with increased risk of recurrence (P=0.005). CONCLUSION Bronchial artery embolisation was noted to be effective and safe in both acute major and chronic recurrent haemoptysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lee
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Adusumilli PS, Eisenberg DP, Stiles BM, Chung S, Chan MK, Rusch VW, Fong Y. Intraoperative localization of lymph node metastases with a replication-competent herpes simplex virus. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 132:1179-88. [PMID: 17059941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2006] [Revised: 07/07/2006] [Accepted: 07/12/2006] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lymph node status is the most important prognostic factor determining recurrence and survival in patients with mesothelioma and other thoracic malignancies. Accurate localization of lymph node metastases is therefore necessary to improve selection of resectable and curable patients for surgical intervention. This study investigates the potential to identify lymph node metastases intraoperatively by using herpes-guided cancer cell-specific expression of green fluorescent protein. METHODS After infection with NV1066, a herpes simplex virus carrying green fluorescent protein transgene, human mesothelioma cancer cell lines were assessed for cancer cell-specific infection, green fluorescent protein expression, viral replication, and cytotoxicity. Murine models of lymphatic metastasis were established by means of surgical implantation of cancer cells into the preauricular (drainage to cervical lymph nodes) and pleural (mediastinal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes) spaces of athymic mice. Fluorescent thoracoscopy, laparoscopy, and stereomicroscopy were used to localize lymph node metastases that were confirmed by means of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In vitro NV1066 infected, replicated (5- to 17,000-fold), and expressed green fluorescent protein in all cancer cells, even when infected at a low ratio of one viral plaque-forming unit per 100 tumor cells. In vivo NV1066 injected into primary tumors was able to locate and infect lymph node metastases producing green fluorescent protein that was visualized by means of fluorescent imaging. Histology confirmed lymphatic metastases, and immunohistochemistry confirmed viral presence in regions that expressed green fluorescent protein. CONCLUSIONS Herpes virus-guided cancer cell-specific production of green fluorescent protein can facilitate accurate localization of lymph node metastases. Fluorescent filters that detect green fluorescent protein can be incorporated into operative scopes to precisely localize and biopsy lymph node metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad S Adusumilli
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Adusumilli PS, Chan MK, Hezel M, Yu Z, Stiles BM, Chou TC, Rusch VW, Fong Y. Radiation-induced cellular DNA damage repair response enhances viral gene therapy efficacy in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Ann Surg Oncol 2006; 14:258-69. [PMID: 17080237 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-006-9127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2006] [Revised: 06/02/2006] [Accepted: 06/26/2006] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) treated with radiotherapy (RT) has incomplete responses as a result of radiation-induced tumoral stress response that repairs DNA damage. Such stress response is beneficial for oncolytic viral therapy. We hypothesized that a combination of RT and NV1066, an oncolytic herpes virus, might exert an additive or synergistic effect in the treatment of MPM. METHODS JMN, a MPM cell line, was infected with NV1066 at multiplicities of infection of .05 to .25 in vitro with and without radiation (1 to 5 Gy). Virus replication was determined by plaque assay, cell kill by lactate dehydrogenase assay, and GADD34 (growth arrest and DNA damage repair 34, a DNA damage-repair protein) by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot test. Synergistic cytotoxicity dependence on GADD34 upregulation was confirmed by GADD34 small inhibitory RNA (siRNA). RESULTS Synergism was demonstrated between RT and NV1066 across a wide range of doses. As a result of such synergism, a dose-reduction for each agent (up to 5500-fold) can be accomplished over a wide range of therapeutic-effect levels without sacrificing tumor cell kill. This effect is correlated with increased GADD34 expression and inhibited by transfection of siRNA directed against GADD34. CONCLUSIONS RT can be combined with oncolytic herpes simplex virus therapy in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma to achieve synergistic efficacy while minimizing dosage and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad S Adusumilli
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mak HLJ, Kwok PCH, Chau HHL, Chan MK, Chan SCH, Chan SCS. Uterine fibroid embolisation in Chinese women: medium-term results. Hong Kong Med J 2006; 12:361-7. [PMID: 17028356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the medium-term results of uterine fibroid embolisation in Chinese women with symptomatic uterine fibroids. DESIGN Prospective case series study. SETTING Gynaecology and Interventional Radiology units in a public hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Patients with symptomatic fibroids who underwent uterine fibroid embolisation in Queen Elizabeth Hospital from October 1998 to June 2004. RESULTS Fifty women (mean age, 42.9 years; median follow-up period, 27.5 months) were recruited. Most (82%) had menorrhagia as the chief presenting symptom. Embolisation was successful in 49 (98%) women. Complications occurred in 12 (24%) patients, but were all self-limiting. Significant decrease in the median clinical uterine size (14 weeks vs 10 weeks) and median volume of the largest fibroid on magnetic resonance imaging (157.9 mL vs 45 mL) were observed during the first year. The reduction seemed to be maintained till the last follow-up. Menorrhagia improved in 34 (84%) patients, dysmenorrhoea in 28 (88%), pelvic pain in 18 (82%) and abdominal mass in 15 (83%). Poor response was found for urinary symptoms (29% improvement). Eight (16%) patients underwent hysterectomies after uterine fibroid embolisation. On logistic regression analysis, the only significant predictive factor for symptomatic improvement was fibroid volume reduction at 6 months (P=0.03). CONCLUSION Uterine fibroid embolisation is an effective uterine-preserving therapy in patients with symptomatic fibroids; overall symptomatic improvement was estimated as 80%. Uterine or fibroid size reduction correlated well with clinical outcome. The impact of uterine fibroid embolisation on young women wishing to conceive is yet to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H L J Mak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Adusumilli PS, Stiles BM, Chan MK, Chou TC, Wong RJ, Rusch VW, Fong Y. Radiation therapy potentiates effective oncolytic viral therapy in the treatment of lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 80:409-16; discussion 416-7. [PMID: 16039175 PMCID: PMC1373787 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2004] [Revised: 01/08/2005] [Accepted: 01/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Replication-competent oncolytic herpes simplex viruses with deletion of the gamma(1)34.5 gene preferentially replicate in and kill malignant cells. The gamma(1)34.5 gene codes for ICP 34.5, a protein that enhances viral replication, and is homologous to growth arrest and DNA damage protein 34 (GADD34), a radiation-inducible DNA repair gene. We hypothesized that radiation therapy may potentiate efficacy of oncolytic viral therapy by upregulating GADD34 and promoting viral replication. METHODS The A549 and H1299 lung cancer cell lines were infected with NV1066, an oncolytic herpes simplex virus, at multiplicities of infection (number of viral particles per tumor cell) of 0.1 to 0.5 in vitro with radiation (2 to 10 Gy) or without radiation. Viral replication was determined by plaque assay, cell-to-cell spread was determined by flow cytometry, cell kill was determined by lactate dehydrogenase assay, and GADD34 induction was determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot method. Evidence of synergistic cytotoxicity dependence with GADD34 induction is further confirmed by small inhibitory RNA inhibition of GADD34 expression. RESULTS Using both the isobologram method and combination index method of Chou and Talalay, significant synergism was demonstrated between radiation therapy and NV1066 both in vitro and in vivo. As a result of such synergism, a dose reduction for each agent (2- to 6,000-fold) can be accomplished for a wide range of therapeutic effect levels without sacrificing tumor cell kill. This effect is correlated with increased GADD34 expression and inhibited by transfection of small inhibitory RNA directed against GADD34. CONCLUSIONS These data provide the cellular basis for the clinical investigation of combined use of radiation therapy with oncolytic herpes simplex virus therapy in the treatment of lung cancer to achieve synergistic efficacy while minimizing dosage and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuman Fong
- Address for correspondence: Yuman Fong, MD, Murray F. Brennan Chair in Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, Phone: (212) 639-2016, Fax: (646) 422-2358, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Stiles BM, Adusumilli PS, Bhargava A, Stanziale SF, Kim TH, Chan MK, Huq R, Wong R, Rusch VW, Fong Y. Minimally invasive localization of oncolytic herpes simplex viral therapy of metastatic pleural cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2006; 13:53-64. [PMID: 16037824 PMCID: PMC1351128 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) oncolytic therapy and gene therapy are promising treatment modalities against cancer. NV1066, one such HSV-1 virus, carries a marker gene for enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). The purpose of this study was to determine whether NV1066 is cytotoxic to lung cancer and whether EGFP is a detectable marker of viral infection in vitro and in vivo. We further investigated whether EGFP expression in infected cells can be used to localize the virus and to identify small metastatic tumor foci (<1 mm) in vivo by means of minimally invasive endoscopic systems equipped with fluorescent filters. In A549 human lung cancer cells, in vitro viral replication was determined by plaque assay, cell kill by LDH release assay, and EGFP expression by flow cytometry. In vivo, A549 cells were injected into the pleural cavity of athymic mice. Mice were treated with intrapleural injection of NV1066 or saline and examined for EGFP expression in tumor deposits using a stereomicroscope or a fluorescent thoracoscopic system. NV1066 replicated in, expressed EGFP in infected cells and killed tumor cells in vitro. In vivo, treatment with intrapleural NV1066 decreased pleural disease burden, as measured by chest wall nodule counts and organ weights. EGFP was easily visualized in tumor deposits, including microscopic foci, by fluorescent thoracoscopy. NV1066 has significant oncolytic activity against a human NSCLC cell line and is effective in limiting the progression of metastatic disease in an in vivo orthotopic model. By incorporating fluorescent filters into endoscopic systems, a minimally invasive means for diagnosing small metastatic pleural deposits and localization of viral therapy for thoracic malignancies may be developed using the EGFP marker gene inserted in oncolytic herpes simplex viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amit Bhargava
- From the Department of Surgery and Molecular cytology core facility
| | | | - Teresa H. Kim
- From the Department of Surgery and Molecular cytology core facility
| | - Mei-Ki Chan
- From the Department of Surgery and Molecular cytology core facility
| | - Rumana Huq
- Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard Wong
- From the Department of Surgery and Molecular cytology core facility
| | - Valerie W. Rusch
- From the Department of Surgery and Molecular cytology core facility
| | - Yuman Fong
- From the Department of Surgery and Molecular cytology core facility
- Address for correspondence: Yuman Fong, MD, Department of Surgery, H1223, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, Phone: (212) 639-2016 Fax: (212) 639-4031, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yip PSC, Lam YL, Chan MK, Shu JSJ, Lai KC, So YC. Computed tomography-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of osteoid osteoma: local experience. Hong Kong Med J 2006; 12:305-9. [PMID: 16912358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoid osteoma is a slow-growing tumour with limited growth potential. In the past, treatment comprised open surgery with en-bloc resection or curettage of the tumour. In recent years, various minimally invasive percutaneous treatments have gained popularity. We report on six patients who underwent computed tomography-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablations of osteoid osteomas between January 2000 and December 2003 in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. Technical success was achieved in all procedures, with a mean follow-up of 40 months (range, 18-65 months). Five of the six patients achieved complete pain relief after the procedure and remained pain-free on subsequent follow-up. One patient with persistent symptoms after the first ablation was successfully treated with a second ablation. The mean in-hospital stay was 2.4 days. Progress in radiological healing was observed in all patients. There was one complication of skin burn over the needle entry site. Our experience shows that percutaneous computed tomography-guided radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive and cost-effective treatment for osteoid osteoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S C Yip
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Adusumilli PS, Stiles BM, Chan MK, Mullerad M, Eisenberg DP, Ben-Porat L, Huq R, Rusch VW, Fong Y. Imaging and therapy of malignant pleural mesothelioma using replication-competent herpes simplex viruses. J Gene Med 2006; 8:603-15. [PMID: 16475242 PMCID: PMC1804293 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer that is refractory to current treatment modalities. Oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (HSV) used for gene therapy are genetically engineered, replication-competent viruses that selectively target tumor cells while sparing normal host tissue. The localized nature, the potential accessibility and the relative lack of distant metastasis make MPM a particularly suitable disease for oncolytic viral therapy. METHODS The infectivity, selective replication, vector spread and cytotoxic ability of three oncolytic HSV: G207, NV1020 and NV1066, were tested against eleven pathological types of MPM cell lines including those that are resistant to radiation therapy, gemcitabine or cisplatin. The therapeutic efficacy and the effect on survival of NV1066 were confirmed in a murine MPM model. RESULTS All three oncolytic HSV were highly effective against all the MPM cell lines tested. Even at very low concentrations of MOI 0.01 (MOI: multiplicity of viral infection, ratio of viral particles per cancer cell), HSV were highly effective against MPM cells that are resistant to radiation, gemcitabine and cisplatin. NV1066, an oncolytic HSV that expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP), was able to delineate the extent of the disease in a murine model of MPM due to selective infection and expression of GFP in tumor cells. Furthermore, NV1066 was able to reduce the tumor burden and prolong survival even when treatment was at an advanced stage of the disease. CONCLUSION These findings support the continued investigation of oncolytic HSV as potential therapy for patients with therapy-resistant MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad S Adusumilli
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Eisenberg DP, Adusumilli PS, Hendershott KJ, Chung S, Yu Z, Chan MK, Hezel M, Wong RJ, Fong Y. Real-time intraoperative detection of breast cancer axillary lymph node metastases using a green fluorescent protein-expressing herpes virus. Ann Surg 2006; 243:824-30; discussion 830-2. [PMID: 16772786 PMCID: PMC1479608 DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000219738.56896.c0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the use of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing oncolytic herpes virus to enable real-time intraoperative detection of breast cancer lymph node metastases. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Axillary lymph node status is the most important factor determining treatment, recurrence, and overall survival for women with breast cancer. The current methods of determining nodal status, however, have limitations. NV1066 is a novel oncolytic herpes viral strain that specifically infects cancer cells and expresses GFP. METHODS Seven human breast cancer cell lines were infected in vitro with NV1066 and assessed for GFP expression, viral replication, and cytotoxicity. An in vivo model of breast cancer lymphatic metastasis was established in mice. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with NV1066 via injection into the primary tumor. Axillary lymph nodes were analyzed using an in vivo fluorescent imaging system. Histologic and molecular assessment of lymph nodes were performed using immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase PCR and operating characteristics were determined. RESULTS NV1066 infected, expressed GFP, replicated within, and killed all human breast cancer cell lines in vitro. Injection of NV1066 into primary breast tumors resulted in viral transit to axillary lymph nodes, infection of lymphatic metastases, and GFP expression that was visualized with in vivo fluorescent imaging. Histologic and molecular confirmation demonstrated favorable operating characteristics of this method (sensitivity 80%; specificity 96%). CONCLUSIONS We introduce a novel, sensitive, and specific method of lymphatic mapping that utilizes NV1066-guided cancer cell-specific viral production of GFP to enable real-time intraoperative detection of lymphatic metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David P Eisenberg
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Stiles B, Adusumilli P, Stanziale S, Eisenberg D, Bhargava A, Kim T, Chan MK, Huq R, Gonen M, Fong Y. Estrogen enhances the efficacy of an oncolytic HSV-1 mutant in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Int J Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.28.6.1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
49
|
Stiles BM, Adusumilli PS, Stanziale SF, Eisenberg DP, Bhargava A, Kim TH, Chan MK, Huq R, Gonen M, Fong Y. Estrogen enhances the efficacy of an oncolytic HSV-1 mutant in the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Int J Oncol 2006; 28:1429-39. [PMID: 16685445 PMCID: PMC1459534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) mutants selectively replicate in and lyse tumor cells. Viral replication is dependent on the cellular proliferative mechanism. Estrogen increases cellular proliferation and decreases apoptosis in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) human breast cancer cells. We hypothesize that the cellular changes produced by estrogen may enhance oncolytic viral replication and improve the treatment of ER+ breast cancer cells. Estrogen increased proliferation and replication of the HSV-1 mutant, NV1066, in ER+ breast cancer cells. Additionally, cells grown with estrogen had lower rates of apoptosis and higher bcl-2 levels at baseline and after infection. Estrogen enhanced the oncolytic effect of NV1066, with cell kills of 95% and 97% at MOIs of 0.1 and 0.5, compared to 53 and 87% respectively without estrogen (p<0.001). Therapy of ER+ human breast cancer cells with a replication-competent HSV-1 mutant is improved in the presence of estrogen, in contrast to more standard therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiation, which demonstrate decreased efficacy in similar conditions. These data provide the mechanistic basis for the use of oncolytic HSV-1 in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, particularly if the disease progresses with conventional therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mithat Gonen
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center 1275 York Ave, New York, New York 10021
| | - Yuman Fong
- Address for correspondence: Yuman Fong, MD, Murray F. Brennan Chair in Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, Phone: (212) 639-2016, Fax: (646) 422-2358, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Adusumilli PS, Stiles BM, Chan MK, Eisenberg DP, Yu Z, Stanziale SF, Huq R, Wong RJ, Rusch VW, Fong Y. Real-time diagnostic imaging of tumors and metastases by use of a replication-competent herpes vector to facilitate minimally invasive oncological surgery. FASEB J 2006; 20:726-8. [PMID: 16467372 PMCID: PMC1424670 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-5316fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Current efforts on expanding minimally invasive techniques into the realm of oncological surgery are hindered by lack of accurate visualization of tumor margins and failure to detect micro metastases in real time. We used a systemic delivery of a herpes viral vector with cancer-selective infection and replication to precisely differentiate between normal and malignant tissue. NV1066 is a genetically modified, replication-competent herpes simplex virus carrying a transgene for enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP). We tested the potential of NV1066 in delineating tumor tissue in vitro and in vivo in a wide range of cancers and whether NV1066-induced GFP expression can detect small foci of tumors and metastases in in vivo models using an operating endoscope with fluorescent filters. Our findings indicate that NV1066 can be used for real-time intraoperative imaging and enhanced detection of early cancers and metastases. We demonstrate that a single dose of NV1066, administered either locally (intratumoral or intracavitary) or systemically, will detect loco-regional and distant disease throughout the body. Such cancer selectivity is confirmed in 110 types of cancer cells from 16 different primary organs. Fluorescence-aided minimally invasive endoscopy revealed microscopic tumor deposits unrecognized by conventional laparoscopy/thoracoscopy. Furthermore, NV1066 ability to transit and infect tumor and metastases is proven in syngenic and transplanted tumors in different animal models, both immunocompetent and immunodeficient. Cancer-selective GFP expression is confirmed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR. These studies form the basis for real-time, intraoperative diagnostic imaging of tumor and metastases by minimally invasive endoscopic technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad S Adusumilli
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|