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Vaitkus A, Merkys A, Sander T, Quirós M, Thiessen PA, Bolton EE, Gražulis S. A workflow for deriving chemical entities from crystallographic data and its application to the Crystallography Open Database. J Cheminform 2023; 15:123. [PMID: 38115123 PMCID: PMC10730636 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-023-00780-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about the 3-dimensional structure, orientation and interaction of chemical compounds is important in many areas of science and technology. X-ray crystallography is one of the experimental techniques capable of providing a large amount of structural information for a given compound, and it is widely used for characterisation of organic and metal-organic molecules. The method provides precise 3D coordinates of atoms inside crystals, however, it does not directly deliver information about certain chemical characteristics such as bond orders, delocalization, charges, lone electron pairs or lone electrons. These aspects of a molecular model have to be derived from crystallographic data using refined information about interatomic distances and atom types as well as employing general chemical knowledge. This publication describes a curated automatic pipeline for the derivation of chemical attributes of molecules from crystallographic models. The method is applied to build a catalogue of chemical entities in an open-access crystallographic database, the Crystallography Open Database (COD). The catalogue of such chemical entities is provided openly as a derived database. The content of this catalogue and the problems arising in the fully automated pipeline are discussed, along with the possibilities to introduce manual data curation into the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antanas Vaitkus
- Section of Crystallography and Chemical Informatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania.
| | - Andrius Merkys
- Section of Crystallography and Chemical Informatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Thomas Sander
- Scientific Computing Drug Discovery, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Hegenheimermattweg 89, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Paul A Thiessen
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Evan E Bolton
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
| | - Saulius Gražulis
- Section of Crystallography and Chemical Informatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT-10257, Lithuania
- Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Vilnius University, Naugarduko g. 24, Vilnius, LT-03225, Lithuania
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2
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Merkys A, Vaitkus A, Grybauskas A, Konovalovas A, Quirós M, Gražulis S. Graph isomorphism-based algorithm for cross-checking chemical and crystallographic descriptions. J Cheminform 2023; 15:25. [PMID: 36814296 PMCID: PMC9948373 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-023-00692-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Published reports of chemical compounds often contain multiple machine-readable descriptions which may supplement each other in order to yield coherent and complete chemical representations. This publication presents a method to cross-check such descriptions using a canonical representation and isomorphism of molecular graphs. If immediate agreement between compound descriptions is not found, the algorithm derives the minimal set of simplifications required for both descriptions to arrive to a matching form (if any). The proposed algorithm is used to cross-check chemical descriptions from the Crystallography Open Database to identify coherently described entries as well as those requiring further curation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrius Merkys
- Sector of Crystallography and Chemical Informatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Antanas Vaitkus
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Sector of Crystallography and Chemical Informatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Grybauskas
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Sector of Crystallography and Chemical Informatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aleksandras Konovalovas
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Miguel Quirós
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Saulius Gražulis
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Sector of Crystallography and Chemical Informatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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3
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Gil-Hernández B, Millan S, Gruber I, Quirós M, Marrero-López D, Janiak C, Sanchiz J. Improvement of the Proton Conduction of Copper(II)-Mesoxalate Metal-Organic Frameworks by Strategic Selection of the Counterions. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11651-11666. [PMID: 35838657 PMCID: PMC9377511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Three copper(II)/mesoxalate-based MOFs with formulas
(H3O)[Cu9(Hmesox)6(H2O)6Cl]·8H2O (1), (NH2Me2)0.4(H3O)0.6[Cu9(Hmesox)6(H2O)6Cl]·8H2O (2), and (enH2)0.25(enH)1.5[Cu6(Hmesox)3(mesox)(H2O)6Cl0.5]Cl0.5·5.25H2O (3) were synthesized (H4mesox = mesoxalic
acid = 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, en = ethylenediamine). Essentially,
all of the compounds display the same anionic network with a different
arrangement of the cations, which have a remarkable effect on the
proton conduction of the materials, ranging from 1.16 × 10–4 S cm–1 for 1 to 1.87
× 10–3 S cm–1 for 3 (at 80 °C and 95% RH). These compounds also display antiferromagnetic
coupling among the copper(II) ions through both the carboxylate and
alkoxido bridges. The values of the principal magnetic coupling constants
were calculated by density functional theory (DFT), leading to congruent
values that confirm the predominant antiferromagnetic nature of the
interactions. Three copper(II)-mesoxalate
metal−organic frameworks
were synthesized in the presence of three different cations: hydronium,
dimethylammonium, and ethylenediammonium, which neutralize the charge
of the anionic networks. Besides the crystallographic characterization
and the investigation of the magnetic properties, the compounds show
varying proton conductivities depending on the included cations. The
proton conductivity increases 1 order of magnitude in the case of
compound 3 (1.87 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 80 °C and 95% RH), which contains ethylenediammonium
cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Gil-Hernández
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Química, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain.,Institute of Materials and Nanotechnology, Universidad de La Laguna, P.O. Box 456, La Laguna E-38200, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Simon Millan
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irina Gruber
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - David Marrero-López
- Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joaquín Sanchiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Química, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain.,Institute of Materials and Nanotechnology, Universidad de La Laguna, P.O. Box 456, La Laguna E-38200, Tenerife, Spain
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4
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Méndez-Arriaga JM, Rubio-Mirallas E, Quirós M, Sánchez-Moreno M. Zinc 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine complexes: synthesis, structural characterization and their effect against Chagas disease. Med Chem 2021; 18:444-451. [PMID: 34387166 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666210812162500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization catalogues illnesses such as Chagas disease as neglected diseases, due the low investment in new drugs to fight them. The search for novel and non-side effects anti-parasitic compounds is one of the urgent needs of the Third World. The use of triazolopyrimidines and their metal complexes have demonstrated hopeful results in this field. OBJECTIVE This work studies the antiparasitic efficacy against Trypanosoma cruzi strains of a series of zinc triazolopyrimidine complexes. METHOD A series of Zn complexes has been synthesized by the reaction between the triazolopyrimidine derivatives 7-amino-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (7atp) and 5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (dmtp) with Zn(SO4) • 7H2O, ZnCl2, and Zn(NO3)2 • 6H2O salts. The complexes have been analyzed by spectroscopic and thermal assays and X-ray diffraction methods have been used to dilucidate the crystalline structure of one of them. The antiparasitic efficacy was tested in vitro against Trypanosoma cruzi to compare the trypanocidal effect of different ligands and counteranions to fight Chagas disease. RESULTS The efficacy of these compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi has also been tested to compare the influence of different ligands and counteranions on the trypanocidal effect against Chagas disease. CONCLUSION Antiproliferative tests corroborate the synergistic trypanocidal effect of the triazolopyrimidine coordination complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Méndez-Arriaga
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorganica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/Tulipán s/n 28933, Móstoles, Madrid. Spain
| | - Erika Rubio-Mirallas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada. Spain
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada. Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada. Spain
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5
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Esteban-Parra GM, Sebastián ES, Cepeda J, Sánchez-González C, Rivas-García L, Llopis J, Aranda P, Sánchez-Moreno M, Quirós M, Rodríguez-Diéguez A. Anti-diabetic and anti-parasitic properties of a family of luminescent zinc coordination compounds based on the 7-amino-5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine ligand. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 212:111235. [PMID: 32920434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on the formation of a triazolopyrimidine derivative ligand, 7-amino-5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (7-amtp), and a new family of coordination compounds based on this ligand and zinc as metal ion, synthesized by conventional routes. These materials possess different mononuclear structures, namely [ZnCl2(7-amtp)2] (1), [Zn(7-amtp)2(H2O)4](NO3)2·2(7-amtp)·6H2O (2) and [Zn(7-amtp)2(H2O)4](SO4)·1.5H2O (3) derived from the use of different zinc (II) salts, in such a way that the counterions govern the crystallization to a large extent. These compounds present and show variable luminescent properties based on ligand-centred charge transfers which have been deeply studied by Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) calculations. When these compounds are transferred to solution, preserving complex entities as corroborated by NMR studies, they present interesting anti-diabetic and anti-parasitic capabilities, with a comparatively higher selectivity index than other previously reported triazolopyrimidine-based materials. The results derived from in vivo experiments conducted in mice also confirm their promising activity as anti-diabetic drug being capable of dropping glucose levels after oral administration. Therefore, these new materials may be considered as excellent candidates to be further investigated in the field of luminescent coordination compounds with biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginés M Esteban-Parra
- Dept. of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Granada, C/Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Eider San Sebastián
- Departmento de Quimica Aplicada, Facultad de Química, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Javier Cepeda
- Departmento de Quimica Aplicada, Facultad de Química, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Lorenzo Rivas-García
- Dept. of Physiology, University of Granada, Cartuja Campus, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Llopis
- Dept. of Physiology, University of Granada, Cartuja Campus, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Dept. of Physiology, University of Granada, Cartuja Campus, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Dept. of Parasitology, University of Granada, Avda. Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Dept. of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Granada, C/Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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6
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Esteban‐Parra GM, Moscoso I, Cepeda J, García JA, Sánchez‐Moreno M, Rodríguez‐Diéguez A, Quirós M. Lanthanide(III) Based Complexes Containing 5,7‐Dimethyl‐1,2,4‐triazolo[1,5‐
a
]pyrimidine as Long‐Lived Photoluminescent Antiparasitic Agents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ginés M. Esteban‐Parra
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Inmaculada Moscoso
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Javier Cepeda
- Departamento de Química Aplicada Facultad de Química Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU) 20018 Donostia Spain
| | - Jose A. García
- Departamento de Física Aplicada II Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU) 48940 Leioa Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez‐Moreno
- Departamento de Parasitología Facultad de Ciencias University of Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | | | - Miguel Quirós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
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Esteban-Parra GM, Méndez-Arriaga JM, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Quirós M, Salas JM, Sánchez-Moreno M. High antiparasitic activity of silver complexes of 5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5 a]pyrimidine. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 201:110810. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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8
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García JR, Quirós M, Han WM, O'Leary MN, Cox GN, Nusrat A, García AJ. IFN-γ-tethered hydrogels enhance mesenchymal stem cell-based immunomodulation and promote tissue repair. Biomaterials 2019; 220:119403. [PMID: 31401468 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Because of their immunomodulatory activities, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are being explored to treat a variety of chronic conditions such as inflammatory bowel disorders and graft-vs-host disease. Treating hMSCs with IFN-γ prior to administration augments these immunomodulatory properties; however, this ex vivo treatment limits the broad applicability of this therapy due to technical and regulatory issues. In this study, we engineered an injectable synthetic hydrogel with tethered recombinant IFN-γ that activates encapsulated hMSCs to increase their immunomodulatory functions and avoids the need for ex vivo manipulation. Tethering IFN-γ to the hydrogel increases retention of IFN-γ within the biomaterial while preserving its biological activity. hMSCs encapsulated within hydrogels with tethered IFN-γ exhibited significant differences in cytokine secretion and showed a potent ability to halt activated T-cell proliferation and monocyte-derived dendritic cell differentiation compared to hMSCs that were pre-treated with IFN-γ and untreated hMSCs. Importantly, hMSCs encapsulated within hydrogels with tethered IFN-γ accelerated healing of colonic mucosal wounds in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent mice. This novel approach for licensing hMSCs with IFN-γ may enhance the clinical translation and efficacy of hMSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Woojin M Han
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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9
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Cruz-Acuña R, Quirós M, Huang S, Siuda D, Spence JR, Nusrat A, García AJ. PEG-4MAL hydrogels for human organoid generation, culture, and in vivo delivery. Nat Protoc 2019; 13:2102-2119. [PMID: 30190557 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived organoids (HOs) facilitates the production of multicellular three-dimensional structures analogous to native human tissues. Most current methods for the generation of HOs rely on Matrigel, a poorly defined basement membrane derivative secreted by Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse sarcoma cells, limiting the potential use of HOs for regenerative medicine applications. Here, we describe a protocol for the synthesis of a fully defined, synthetic hydrogel that supports the generation and culture of HOs. Modular, cell-encapsulating hydrogels are formed from a four-armed poly(ethylene glycol) macromer that has maleimide groups at each terminus (PEG-4MAL) and is conjugated to cysteine-containing adhesive peptides and cross-linked via protease-degradable peptides. The protocol also includes guidelines for the localized in vivo delivery of PEG-4MAL hydrogel-encapsulated HOs to injured mouse colon. The PEG-4MAL hydrogel supports the engraftment of the HOs and accelerates colonic wound repair. This culture and delivery strategy can thus be used to develop HO-based therapies to treat injury and disease. Hydrogel and tissue preparation and subsequent encapsulation can be performed within 2.5-3.5 h. Once HOs have been cultured in synthetic hydrogels for at least 14 d, they can be prepared and delivered to the mouse colon in under 5 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Cruz-Acuña
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sha Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Center for Organogenesis, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dorothée Siuda
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jason R Spence
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Center for Organogenesis, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Andrés J García
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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10
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Méndez-Arriaga JM, Oyarzabal I, Martín-Montes Á, García-Rodríguez J, Quirós M, Sánchez-Moreno M. First Example of Antiparasitic Activity Influenced by Thermochromism: Leishmanicidal Evaluation of 5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine Metal Complexes. Med Chem 2019; 16:422-430. [PMID: 30931864 DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666190401120607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization catalogues illnesses such as Leishmaniasis as neglected diseases, due to low investment in new drugs to fight them. The search of novel and non-side effects anti-parasitic compounds is one of the urgent needs for the Third World. The use of triazolopyrimidines and their metallic complexes has demonstrated hopeful results in this field. OBJECTIVE This work studies the antiparasitic efficacy of a series of 5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4- triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine first row transition metal complexes against three leishmania spp. strains. METHODS The in vitro antiproliferation of promastigote forms of different strains of leishmania spp. (L. infantum, L. braziliensis and L donovani) and the cytotoxicity in macrophage host cells are reported here. The antiparasitic assays have been complemented with enzymatic tests to elucidate the mechanisms of action. New crystal structure description, thermal analysis, magnetic susceptibility and magnetization experiments have also been carried out in order to present a whole characterization of the studied compounds and interesting physical properties besides the biological tests. RESULTS The results of antiproliferation screening and cytotoxicity show great antiparasitic efficacy in the studied complexes. The superoxide dismutase enzymatic assays exhibit a different behaviour according to the thermochromic triazolopyrimidine form tested. CONCLUSION Antiproliferative assays and enzymatic tests corroborate the synergetic leishmanicidal effect present in coordination triazolopyrimidine complexes. The changes in coordination sphere derived from thermochromism affect the physical properties as well as the biological efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Méndez-Arriaga
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada Avda. Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Itziar Oyarzabal
- CNRS, CRPP, UMR 5031, 33600 Pessac, France.,University of Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Álvaro Martín-Montes
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada Avda. Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Judith García-Rodríguez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada Avda. Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain
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11
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Abstract
The gastrointestinal mucosa, structurally formed by the epithelium and lamina propria, serves as a selective barrier that separates luminal contents from the underlying tissues. Gastrointestinal mucosal wound repair is orchestrated by a series of spatial and temporal events that involve the epithelium, recruited immune cells, resident stromal cells, and the microbiota present in the wound bed. Upon injury, repair of the gastrointestinal barrier is mediated by collective migration, proliferation, and subsequent differentiation of epithelial cells. Epithelial repair is intimately regulated by a number of wound-associated cells that include immune cells and stromal cells in addition to mediators released by luminal microbiota. The highly regulated interaction of these cell types is perturbed in chronic inflammatory diseases that are associated with impaired wound healing. An improved understanding of prorepair mechanisms in the gastrointestinal mucosa will aid in the development of novel therapeutics that promote mucosal healing and reestablish the critical epithelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Quirós
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; ,
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; ,
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12
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Morhardt TL, Hayashi A, Ochi T, Quirós M, Kitamoto S, Nagao-Kitamoto H, Kuffa P, Atarashi K, Honda K, Kao JY, Nusrat A, Kamada N. IL-10 produced by macrophages regulates epithelial integrity in the small intestine. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1223. [PMID: 30718924 PMCID: PMC6362270 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (Mϕs) are known to be major producers of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the intestine, thus playing an important role in maintaining gastrointestinal homeostasis. Mϕs that reside in the small intestine (SI) have been previously shown to be regulated by dietary antigens, while colonic Mϕs are regulated by the microbiota. However, the role which resident Mϕs play in SI homeostasis has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we show that SI Mϕs regulate the integrity of the epithelial barrier via secretion of IL-10. We used an animal model of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced SI epithelial injury to show that IL-10 is mainly produced by MHCII+ CD64+ Ly6Clow Mϕs early in injury and that it is involved in the restoration of the epithelial barrier. We found that a lack of IL-10, particularly its secretion by Mϕs, compromised the recovery of SI epithelial barrier. IL-10 production by MHCII+ CD64+ Ly6Clow Mϕs in the SI is not regulated by the gut microbiota, hence depletion of the microbiota did not influence epithelial regeneration in the SI. Collectively, these results highlight the critical role IL-10-producing Mϕs play in recovery from intestinal epithelial injury induced by NSAID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina L Morhardt
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Atsushi Hayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Research Laboratory, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, 114-0016, Japan
| | - Takanori Ochi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sho Kitamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hiroko Nagao-Kitamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter Kuffa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Koji Atarashi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenya Honda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John Y Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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13
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Jiménez-Amezcua I, Carmona FJ, Romero-García I, Quirós M, Cenis JL, Lozano-Pérez AA, Maldonado CR, Barea E. Silk fibroin nanoparticles as biocompatible nanocarriers of a novel light-responsive CO-prodrug. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:10434-10438. [PMID: 29999505 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02125b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
[Mn(CO)3(2,2'-bipyridine)(PPh3)](ClO4) (1), a novel photoactive CO-releasing molecule, has been prepared and fully characterized. Besides, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNs) have been used, for the first time, as vehicles of 1 leading to the hybrid material 1@SFNs that shows an enhanced CO-delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Jiménez-Amezcua
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Carmona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Romero-García
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - José L Cenis
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), La Alberca (Murcia), 30150, Spain
| | - A Abel Lozano-Pérez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), La Alberca (Murcia), 30150, Spain
| | - Carmen R Maldonado
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Elisa Barea
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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14
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Quirós M, Gražulis S, Girdzijauskaitė S, Merkys A, Vaitkus A. Using SMILES strings for the description of chemical connectivity in the Crystallography Open Database. J Cheminform 2018; 10:23. [PMID: 29777317 PMCID: PMC5959826 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-018-0279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Computer descriptions of chemical molecular connectivity are necessary for searching chemical databases and for predicting chemical properties from molecular structure. In this article, the ongoing work to describe the chemical connectivity of entries contained in the Crystallography Open Database (COD) in SMILES format is reported. This collection of SMILES is publicly available for chemical (substructure) search or for any other purpose on an open-access basis, as is the COD itself. The conventions that have been followed for the representation of compounds that do not fit into the valence bond theory are outlined for the most frequently found cases. The procedure for getting the SMILES out of the CIF files starts with checking whether the atoms in the asymmetric unit are a chemically acceptable image of the compound. When they are not (molecule in a symmetry element, disorder, polymeric species,etc.), the previously published cif_molecule program is used to get such image in many cases. The program package Open Babel is then applied to get SMILES strings from the CIF files (either those directly taken from the COD or those produced by cif_molecule when applicable). The results are then checked and/or fixed by a human editor, in a computer-aided task that at present still consumes a great deal of human time. Even if the procedure still needs to be improved to make it more automatic (and hence faster), it has already yielded more than 160,000 curated chemical structures and the purpose of this article is to announce the existence of this work to the chemical community as well as to spread the use of its results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Quirós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Saulius Gražulis
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Vilnius University, Naugarduko st. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Saulė Girdzijauskaitė
- Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Vilnius University, Naugarduko st. 24, 03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Andrius Merkys
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Antanas Vaitkus
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
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15
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Porcel J, Quirós M, Gatius S, Bielsa S. Examination of cytological smears and cell blocks of pleural fluid: Complementary diagnostic value for malignant effusions. Rev Clin Esp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Abstract
The combination of [Cu3(Hmesox)3]3− with La(iii), Ce(iii), Pr(iii), Nd(iii) and Eu(iii) in DMSO/H2O yields 3d–4f heterometallic metal–organic frameworks, with the dimensionality of the network being controlled by the coordination number of the Ln(iii) ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Gil-Hernández
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de La Laguna
- , Spain
| | - P. Gili
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de La Laguna
- , Spain
| | - M. Quirós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Granada
- Granada, Spain
| | - J. Sanchiz
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de La Laguna
- , Spain
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17
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Caballero AB, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Quirós M, Salas JM, Huertas Ó, Ramírez-Macías I, Olmo F, Marín C, Chaves-Lemaur G, Gutierrez-Sánchez R, Sánchez-Moreno M. Triazolopyrimidine compounds containing first-row transition metals and their activity against the neglected infectious Chagas disease and leishmaniasis. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:526-34. [PMID: 25127147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease remain a significant global problem. Current treatments have serious disadvantage due to cost, toxicity, long therapy duration and resistance. In the last years increasing interest has arisen in drug development to fight both diseases. Recently, metal-based drugs have revealed as promising drugs in a variety of therapeutic areas. Herein we describe six newly synthesized transition metal complexes with a bioactive molecule 5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (dmtp). All of them have been characterized by X-ray, spectroscopic and thermal methods. In vitro and in vivo studies (murine model) on the antiproliferative activity of these complexes against Leishmania spp. (Leishmania infantum, Leishmania braziliensis) and Trypanosoma cruzi have been carried out. Our results reveal a strong potential of three of the assayed compounds as antiparasitic agents against the above-mentioned infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Caballero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M Salas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Óscar Huertas
- Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Olmo
- Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Clotilde Marín
- Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Guillermo Chaves-Lemaur
- Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ramón Gutierrez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Estadística, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad de Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
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18
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Nava P, Kamekura R, Quirós M, Medina-Contreras O, Hamilton RW, Kolegraff KN, Koch S, Candelario A, Romo-Parra H, Laur O, Hilgarth RS, Denning TL, Parkos CA, Nusrat A. IFNγ-induced suppression of β-catenin signaling: evidence for roles of Akt and 14.3.3ζ. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2894-904. [PMID: 25079689 PMCID: PMC4230580 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-09-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Akt1 phosphorylates 14.3.3ζ at serine 58 to inhibit β-catenin transactivation. The results outline a dual function of Akt1, which suppresses intestinal epithelial cell proliferation during intestinal inflammation. The proinflammatory cytokine interferon γ (IFNγ ) influences intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) homeostasis in a biphasic manner by acutely stimulating proliferation that is followed by sustained inhibition of proliferation despite continued mucosal injury. β-Catenin activation has been classically associated with increased IEC proliferation. However, we observed that IFNγ inhibits IEC proliferation despite sustained activation of Akt/β-catenin signaling. Here we show that inhibition of Akt/β-catenin–mediated cell proliferation by IFNγ is associated with the formation of a protein complex containing phosphorylated β-catenin 552 (pβ-cat552) and 14.3.3ζ. Akt1 served as a bimodal switch that promotes or inhibits β-catenin transactivation in response to IFNγ stimulation. IFNγ initially promotes β-catenin transactivation through Akt-dependent C-terminal phosphorylation of β-catenin to promote its association with 14.3.3ζ. Augmented β-catenin transactivation leads to increased Akt1 protein levels, and active Akt1 accumulates in the nucleus, where it phosphorylates 14.3.3ζ to translocate 14.3.3ζ/β-catenin from the nucleus, thereby inhibiting β-catenin transactivation and IEC proliferation. These results outline a dual function of Akt1 that suppresses IEC proliferation during intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porfirio Nava
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ryuta Kamekura
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Miguel Quirós
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Oscar Medina-Contreras
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Ross W Hamilton
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Keli N Kolegraff
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Stefan Koch
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 Division of Molecular Embryology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aurora Candelario
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hector Romo-Parra
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico Institute of Physiology I (Neurophysiology), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Oskar Laur
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Roland S Hilgarth
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Timothy L Denning
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Epithelial Pathobiology and Mucosal Inflammation Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
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19
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Lalia-Kantouri M, Papadopoulos CD, Hatzidimitriou AG, Sigalas MP, Quirós M, Skoulika S. Different geometries of novel cobalt(II) compounds with 2-hydroxy-benzophenones and neocuproine: Crystal and molecular structures of [Co(2-hydroxy-benzophenone)2(neoc)], [Co(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone)(neoc)Br] and [Co(neoc)Br2]·CH3OH·H2O. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Maldonado CR, Quirós M, Salas JM. H-bonds superstructures built by aquacomplexes and an azapurine derivative: a case of molecular recognition. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:10390-5. [PMID: 22814885 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30992k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structures of six compounds involving the divalent cations of Mn, Zn and Cd, the anionic form of the heterocycle 4,6-dimethyl-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-5,7-dione (Hdmax) and bipyridyl based spacer ligands are reported. The most important feature of these structures is the presence, in all cases, of a topologically identical 1-D polymeric superstructure (tape), involving tetra- or hexaaqua complex cations and triazolopyrimidine anions, built through hydrogen bonds. Adding these results to others previously published, we may consider these tapes as robust supramolecular synthons where a defined/clear case of molecular recognition between these two moieties takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen R Maldonado
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
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21
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Gražulis S, Daškevič A, Merkys A, Chateigner D, Lutterotti L, Quirós M, Serebryanaya NR, Moeck P, Downs RT, Le Bail A. Crystallography Open Database (COD): an open-access collection of crystal structures and platform for world-wide collaboration. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 40:D420-7. [PMID: 22070882 PMCID: PMC3245043 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Using an open-access distribution model, the Crystallography Open Database (COD, http://www.crystallography.net) collects all known ‘small molecule / small to medium sized unit cell’ crystal structures and makes them available freely on the Internet. As of today, the COD has aggregated ∼150 000 structures, offering basic search capabilities and the possibility to download the whole database, or parts thereof using a variety of standard open communication protocols. A newly developed website provides capabilities for all registered users to deposit published and so far unpublished structures as personal communications or pre-publication depositions. Such a setup enables extension of the COD database by many users simultaneously. This increases the possibilities for growth of the COD database, and is the first step towards establishing a world wide Internet-based collaborative platform dedicated to the collection and curation of structural knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulius Gražulis
- Department of Protein - DNA Interactions, Vilnius University Institute of Biotechnology, Graiciuno 8, LT-02241 Vilnius, France.
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22
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE ZO-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3 are scaffold proteins of the tight junction (TJ) that belong to the MAGUK protein family characterized for exhibiting PDZ, SH3, and GuK domains. ZO proteins are present only in multicellular organisms, being the placozoa the first to have them. ZO proteins associate among themselves and with other integral and adaptor proteins of the TJ, of the ZA and of gap junctions, as with numerous signaling proteins and the actin cytoskeleton. ZO proteins are also present at the nucleus of proliferating cells. RECENT ADVANCES Oxidative stress disassembles the TJs of endothelial and epithelial cells. CRITICAL ISSUES Oxidative stress alters ZO proteins expression and localization, in conditions like hypoxia, bacterial and viral infections, vitamin deficiencies, age-related diseases, diabetes and inflammation, alcohol and tobacco consumption. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Molecules present in the signaling pathways triggered by oxidative stress can be targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza González-Mariscal
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico DF, México.
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23
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Quirós M. COD: an open-access tool for searching and retrieving crystallographic data. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311098278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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24
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Quirós M, Caballero AB, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Vieth J, Janiak C, Salas JM. Solvent-dependent two-dimensional coordination networks of CuI and bridging triazolopyrimidines. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311083590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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25
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Caballero AB, Quirós M, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Salas JM. Bis(cyanato-κN)bis-(5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-κN)zinc. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:m345. [PMID: 21522274 PMCID: PMC3052141 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811005769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the title complex, [Zn(NCO)2(C7H8N4)2], the ZnII ion exhibits a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry. The coordination environment is formed by two 5,7-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (dmtp) ligands, coordinated through the N atom in position 3, and two cyanate anions interacting by their N atoms. Supramolecular dimers are generated by stacking interactions between the pyrimidine rings of two ligands related by an inversion center [centroid–centroid distance = 3.5444 (18) Å].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Caballero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, c/ Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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26
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Papadopoulos CD, Hatzidimitriou AG, Quirós M, Sigalas MP, Lalia-Kantouri M. Synthesis, characterization, thermal and theoretical studies of cobalt(II) addition compounds with 2-hydroxy-phenones and α-diimines. Crystal and molecular structures of [Co(2-hydroxy-benzophenone)2(bipy)]·2-hydroxy-benzophenoneH (3) and [Co(2-hydroxy-benzophenone)2(phen)] (8). Polyhedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Abstract
Claudins are integral proteins of the TJ. Each epithelia in the organism expresses a unique set of claudins that determines the degree of sealing of the paracellular pathway and the ionic selectivity of the tissue. TJs are dynamic structures whose organization and composition change in response to alterations in the environment as well as under physiological and pathological conditions. Changes in claudin expression and subcellular distribution can be analyzed in western blot and immunofluorescence experiments, employing a wide array of available specific antibodies against claudins. In this chapter, we describe in detail protocols used for western blot and immunofluorescence detection of claudins in epithelial cell lines and in various tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza González-Mariscal
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV), México DF., Mexico.
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28
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Maldonado CR, Marín C, Olmo F, Huertas O, Quirós M, Sánchez-Moreno M, Rosales MJ, Salas JM. In Vitro and in Vivo Trypanocidal Evaluation of Nickel Complexes with an Azapurine Derivative against Trypanosoma cruzi. J Med Chem 2010; 53:6964-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100581z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Maldonado CR, Quirós M, Salas JM, Choquesillo-Lazarte D. Structure of the first dinuclear Ni(II) complex with an azapurine derivative (the anionic form of 4,6-dimethyl-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-5,7-dione). INORG CHEM COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2010.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Maldonado CR, Quirós M, Salas J. Formation of 2D water morphologies in the lattice of the salt with [Cu2(OH)2(H2O)2(phen)2]2+ as cation and 4,6-dimethyl-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-5,7-dionato as anion. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2009.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Caballero AB, Quirós M, Salas JM. 4,7-Phenanthrolinium perchlorate-5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7(4H)-one-water (1/1/2). Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:o459-60. [PMID: 21579873 PMCID: PMC2979915 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810002564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C12H9N2+·ClO4−·C6H6N4O·2H2O, contains a monoprotonated 4,7-phenanthrolinium (47phen) cation, a perchlorate anion balancing its charge, a neutral molecule of 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7(4H)-one (HmtpO) and two interstitial water molecules. In the crystal structure, the acidic H atoms of 47phenH+ and HmtpO form strong hydrogen bonds with the water molecules, which in turn act as hydrogen-bond donors, forming links between them and towards the carbonyl O atom of HmtpO, the non-protonated N atom of 47phen+ and one of the O atoms of the anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Caballero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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González-Mariscal L, Garay E, Quirós M. Regulation of Claudins by Posttranslational Modifications and Cell-Signaling Cascades. Current Topics in Membranes 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1063-5823(10)65006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Maldonado CR, Quirós M, Salas JM. Ternary Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes with 4,6-dimethyl-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-d]pyrimidin-5,7-dionato and chelating aliphatic amines as auxiliary ligands: Variability in the binding site and hydrogen-bond networks. Polyhedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Caballero AB, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Barea E, Quirós M, Salas JM. Influence of pseudohalide ligands on the structural versatility and properties of novel ternary metal complexes with 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine. CrystEngComm 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c003285a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Maldonado CR, Quirós M, Salas JM, Rodríguez-Diéguez A. Versatile binding behaviour of 4,6-dimethyl-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]-pyrimidin-5,7-dionato in the presence of bipyrimidine. Supramolecular H-bond architectures. Dalton Trans 2009:10311-7. [PMID: 19921067 DOI: 10.1039/b913541c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Complexes with the ligand 4,6-dimethyl-1,2,3-triazolo-[4,5-d]-pyrimidin-5,7-dionato (dmax(-)) and the auxiliary chelating-bridging ligand bipyrimidine (bpym) have been synthesized and structurally characterized for the divalent cations of Zn, Cd and Cu. For Zn and Cd, dinuclear complexes with the formulae [Zn(2)(dmax)(4)(H(2)O)(2)(bpym)].2H(2)O and [Cd(2)(dmax)(4)(H(2)O)(4)(bpym)].6H(2)O have been isolated whereas for Cu, the one-dimensional polymer {[Cu(2)(dmax)(4)(bpym)].5H(2)O}(n) has been obtained. Bpym acts as a chelating-bridging ligand in the three compounds, joining couples of metal ions. Two crystallographically and chemically different dmax(-) ligands are present in each of these complexes, one monodentately linked via the triazole N atom furthest from the pyrimidine ring (N2) and the other either monodentately linked via the triazole N atom closer to a carbonyl group (N1, Zn and Cd compounds) or in bridging N1-N2 mode (Cu compound), in the latter case generating an one-dimensional polymer with alternating bpym and (dmax)(2) bridges. The magnetic interaction across the bpym bridge gives rise to a strong antiferromagnetic interaction (2J = -201 cm(-1)), whereas that across the (dmax)(2) bridge is negligible and cannot be reliably determined (obscured by the strong one). The hydrogen bonds between water molecules and the triazolopyrimidine derivative build the 3-D structure of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen R Maldonado
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
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36
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Boutaleb-Charki S, Marín C, Maldonado CR, Rosales MJ, Urbano J, Guitierrez-Sánchez R, Quirós M, Salas JM, Sánchez-Moreno M. Copper (II) complexes of [1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives as potential anti-parasitic agents. Drug Metab Lett 2009; 3:35-44. [PMID: 19356115 DOI: 10.2174/187231209787176317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anti-proliferative effects are described for newly synthesised copper (II) complexes of two triazolo-pyrimidine derivatives (1,2,4-triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidine, tp, and 5,7-dimethyl 1,2,4-triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidine, dmtp) against to Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania (Viannia) peruviana. Of the compounds assayed, those that presented the ligand tp and auxiliary ligand 1,10-phenanthroline (C24b, C49) were most highly active against to T. cruzi with IC(50) within the range of the reference drug benznidazole. These compounds, together with C35 were the most effective against L. (V.) peruviana with an IC(50) greater than that presented by reference drugs (Pentostam and Glucantim). These compounds were not toxic to the host cell. IC(25) diminished the infection capacity and severely reduced the multiplication of intracellular forms of T. cruzi, and L. (V.) peruviana. In the case of T. Cruzi, the transformation to trypomastigote was seriously depressed. Copper (II) complexes C24b, C49 and C35, acted on the energy metabolism of the parasites at the level of the NAD(+)/NADH balance and at the level of the organelle membranes, causing degradation and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Boutaleb-Charki
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
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37
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Gražulis S, Chateigner D, Downs RT, Yokochi AFT, Quirós M, Lutterotti L, Manakova E, Butkus J, Moeck P, Le Bail A. Crystallography Open Database - an open-access collection of crystal structures. J Appl Crystallogr 2009; 42:726-729. [PMID: 22477773 PMCID: PMC3253730 DOI: 10.1107/s0021889809016690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 441] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Accepted: 05/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Crystallography Open Database (COD) is an ongoing initiative by crystallographers to gather all published inorganic, metal–organic and small organic molecule structures in one database, providing a straightforward search and retrieval interface. The COD adopts an open-access model for its >80 000 structure files. The Crystallography Open Database (COD), which is a project that aims to gather all available inorganic, metal–organic and small organic molecule structural data in one database, is described. The database adopts an open-access model. The COD currently contains ∼80 000 entries in crystallographic information file format, with nearly full coverage of the International Union of Crystallography publications, and is growing in size and quality.
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Sharma R, Sharma RP, Venugopalan P, Quirós M, Salas JM, Yu J, Du Y. Capture of aromatic carboxylate anion through second sphere coordination: Topological complementarity of [cis-Co(en)2(N3)2]+ and ions. J Mol Struct 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2007.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lalia-Kantouri M, Papadopoulos CD, Quirós M, Hatzidimitriou AG. Synthesis and characterization of new Co(III) mixed-ligand complexes, containing 2-hydroxy-aryloximes and α-diimines. Crystal and molecular structure of [Co(saox)(bipy)2]Br. Polyhedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2006.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Bala R, Sharma RP, Sharma R, Salas JM, Quirós M, Harrison WT. Cationic cobaltammines as anion receptors: Synthesis, characterization and X-ray structure of bis-(hexaamminecobalt(III)) tris-(hydrogenarsenate) tetrahydrate. J Mol Struct 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Maldonado CR, Quirós M, Salas JM. 5-Methylsulfanyl-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one (2-methylthio-8-azaxanthine) monohydrate. Acta Crystallogr C 2006; 62:o489-91. [PMID: 16891728 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270106022359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2006] [Accepted: 06/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen R Maldonado
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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43
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Illán-Cabeza NA, Vilaplana RA, Alvarez Y, Akdi K, Kamah S, Hueso-Ureña F, Quirós M, González-Vílchez F, Moreno-Carretero MN. Synthesis, structure and biological activity of a new and efficient Cd(II)–uracil derivative complex system for cleavage of DNA. J Biol Inorg Chem 2005; 10:924-34. [PMID: 16267662 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-005-0045-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2005] [Accepted: 09/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The new complex formed by Cd(II) and the 1:2 Schiff-base-type ligand 2,6-bis[1-(4-amino-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxopyrimidin-5-yl)imino]ethylpyridine (DAPDAAU) has been chemically and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction: the ion Cd(II) is surrounded by six nitrogen atoms from two DAPDAAU ligands which coordinates each one in a tridentate fashion through the pyridine ring (N1) and both azomethine nitrogen atoms (N5). The interaction of the Cd(II) complex (compound I) with calf-thymus DNA as observed by circular dichroism spectroscopy suggests the initial unwinding of the DNA double helix strongly depends on increasing incubation times and metal-to-nucleic acid molar ratios. Electrophoretic experiments indicate that the cadmium complex induces cleavage of the plasmid pBR322 DNA to give ulterior nicking and shortening of this molecule, as a result of the complex binding to DNA, resulting in the conclusion that compound I behaves as a chemical nuclease. Cytotoxic activity of the Cd(II) complex against selected different human cancer cell lines is specific and increases with increasing concentration of the metal compound; this fact indicates the potential antitumor character of the complex. When the culture medium is supplemented with compound I, a remarkable inhibition of the growing cell is observed, important cell degeneration appears before 48 h and abundant precipitates are formed that correspond to cell residues and denatured proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria A Illán-Cabeza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071, Jaén, Spain
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Corpas FJ, Barroso JB, Carreras A, Quirós M, León AM, Romero-Puertas MC, Esteban FJ, Valderrama R, Palma JM, Sandalio LM, Gómez M, del Río LA. Cellular and subcellular localization of endogenous nitric oxide in young and senescent pea plants. Plant Physiol 2004; 136:2722-33. [PMID: 15347796 PMCID: PMC523336 DOI: 10.1104/pp.104.042812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2004] [Revised: 05/27/2004] [Accepted: 05/30/2004] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The cellular and subcellular localization of endogenous nitric oxide (NO.) in leaves from young and senescent pea (Pisum sativum) plants was studied. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis of pea leaf sections with the fluorescent probe 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate revealed that endogenous NO. was mainly present in vascular tissues (xylem and phloem). Green fluorescence spots were also detected in the epidermal cells, palisade and spongy mesophyll cells, and guard cells. In senescent leaves, NO. generation was clearly reduced in the vascular tissues. At the subcellular level, by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with the spin trap Fe(MGD)(2) and fluorometric analysis with 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate, NO. was found to be an endogenous metabolite of peroxisomes. The characteristic three-line electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of NO., with g = 2.05 and a(N) = 12.8 G, was detected in peroxisomes. By fluorometry, NO. was also found in these organelles, and the level measured of NO. was linearly dependent on the amount of peroxisomal protein. The enzymatic production of NO. from l-Arg (nitric oxide synthase [NOS]-like activity) was measured by ozone chemiluminiscence. The specific activity of peroxisomal NOS was 4.9 nmol NO. mg(-1) protein min(-1); was strictly dependent on NADPH, calmodulin, and BH(4); and required calcium. In senescent pea leaves, the NOS-like activity of peroxisomes was down-regulated by 72%. It is proposed that peroxisomal NO. could be involved in the process of senescence of pea leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
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Galindo MA, Navarro JAR, Romero MA, Quirós M. Mononucleotide recognition by cyclic trinuclear palladium(II) complexes containing 4,7-phenanthroline N,N bridges. Dalton Trans 2004:1563-6. [PMID: 15252605 DOI: 10.1039/b402602k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of [(dach)Pd(NO3)2] entities (dach = (R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, (S,S)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane) and 4,7-phenanthroline (phen) providing, respectively, 90 and 120 degrees bond angles, leads to the formation of two novel positively charged homochiral cyclic trinuclear metallacalix[3]arene species [((R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)Pd(phen)]3(NO3)6 (2a) and [((S,S)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)Pd(phen)]3(NO3)6 (2b). These species have been characterised by 1)H NMR and X-ray diffraction methods (2b), showing that they possess accessible cavities suited for supramolecular recognition processes. We prove, indeed, from 1H NMR studies the inclusion of mononucleotides inside the cavity of the trinuclear species [(ethylenediamino)Pd(phen)]3(6+) (1), [((R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)Pd(phen)]3(6+) (2a) and [((S,S)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)Pd(phen)]3(6+) (2b) in aqueous solution. Association constants (K(ass)) range from 85 +/- 6 M(-1) for the interaction between [(ethylenediamine)Pd(phen)]3(6+) and adenosine monophosphate to 37 +/- 4 M(-1) for the interaction between [(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)Pd(phen)]3(6+) and thymidine monophosphate. We invoke the synergy of electrostatic, anion-pi and pi-pi interactions to explain the recognition of mononucleotides inside the cavity of the metallacalix[3]arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Galindo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, E-18071 Granada, Spain
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Abul-Haj M, Quirós M, Salas JM. Divalent transition metal complexes of the anionic form of 4,7-dihydro-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-7-one: crystal structure of the zinc(II) compound. Polyhedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2003.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Barea E, Navarro JAR, Salas JM, Quirós M, Willermann M, Lippert B. Chiral Pyrimidine Metallacalixarenes: Synthesis, Structure and Host–Guest Chemistry. Chemistry 2003; 9:4414-21. [PMID: 14502628 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200305183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A set of enantiomerically pure cyclic multinuclear complexes with the formula cis-[a(2)PdL](n) (n+) [a(2)=(R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (R,R-dach), (S,S)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (S,S-dach); n=4, 6; LH=2-hydroxypyrimidine (2-Hpymo), 4,6-dimethyl-2-hydroxypyrimidine (2-Hdmpymo) and 4-hydroxypyrimidine (4-Hpymo)] were obtained by reaction of cis-[a(2)Pd(H(2)O)(2)](2+) and LH in aqueous media. The polynuclear complexes were studied by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. These studies revealed that the N1,N3-bridging mode exhibited by the pyrimidine moieties is ideally suited for formation of inorganic analogues of calixarenes (metallacalixarenes) in a self-assembly process. The most stable species are the tetranuclear metallacalix[4]arenes, which are obtained in all cases. Hexanuclear species, namely, [a(2)Pd(2-dmpymo)](6) (6+), were also isolated and fully characterised. (1)H NMR experiments show conversion of [a(2)Pd(2-dmpymo)](6) (6+) to [a(2)Pd(2-dmpymo)](4) (4+) on heating. Analogously to organic calixarenes, these systems are also capable of incorporating hard metal ions at the oxo surface. Additionally, investigations on the receptor properties of these metallacalixarenes towards mononucleotides showed that enantioselective recognition processes occur in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Barea
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
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