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El-Saber Batiha G, Hussein DE, Algammal AM, George TT, Jeandet P, Al-Snafi AE, Tiwari A, Pagnossa JP, Lima CM, Thorat ND, Zahoor M, El-Esawi M, Dey A, Alghamdi S, Hetta HF, Cruz-Martins N. Corrigendum to Application of natural antimicrobials in food preservation: Recent views [Food Control 126 (2021) 108066]. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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El-Saber Batiha G, Hussein DE, Algammal AM, George TT, Jeandet P, Al-Snafi AE, Tiwari A, Pagnossa JP, Lima CM, Thorat ND, Zahoor M, El-Esawi M, Dey A, Alghamdi S, Hetta HF, Cruz-Martins N. Application of natural antimicrobials in food preservation: Recent views. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Soliman M, Alhaithloul HA, Hakeem KR, Alharbi BM, El-Esawi M, Elkelish A. Exogenous Nitric Oxide Mitigates Nickel-Induced Oxidative Damage in Eggplant by Upregulating Antioxidants, Osmolyte Metabolism, and Glyoxalase Systems. Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:E562. [PMID: 31805747 PMCID: PMC6963868 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) at optimal levels is considered beneficial to plant functioning. The present study was carried out to investigate the role of exogenously applied NO (100 and 150 µM sodium nitropurusside, SNP) in amelioration of nickel (Ni)-mediated oxidative effects in eggplant. Ni stress declined growth and biomass production, relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll pigment synthesis, thereby affecting the photosynthetic efficiency. Exogenously applied SNP proved beneficial in mitigating the Ni-mediated growth restrictions. NO-treated seedlings exhibited improved photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content with the effect of being apparent at lower concentration (100 µM SNP). SNP upregulated the antioxidant system mitigating the oxidative damage on membranes due to Ni stress. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase was upregulated due to SNP which also increased the ascorbate and reduced glutathione content. SNP-supplied seedlings also showed higher proline and glycine betaine accumulation, thereby improving RWC and antioxidant system. Glyoxalase I activity was induced due to SNP application declining the accumulation of methylglyoxal. NO-mediated mitigation of Ni toxicity was confirmed using NO scavenger (PTIO, 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide), which reversed the influence of SNP almost entirely on the parameters studied. Uptake of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) was increased due to SNP application and Ni was reduced significantly. Therefore, this study revealed the efficiency of exogenous SNP in enhancing Ni stress tolerance through upregulating antioxidant and glyoxalase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Haifa A. Alhaithloul
- Department of Biology, College of science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah M. Alharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
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Ahanger MA, Qin C, Begum N, Maodong Q, Dong XX, El-Esawi M, El-Sheikh MA, Alatar AA, Zhang L. Nitrogen availability prevents oxidative effects of salinity on wheat growth and photosynthesis by up-regulating the antioxidants and osmolytes metabolism, and secondary metabolite accumulation. BMC Plant Biol 2019; 19:479. [PMID: 31703619 PMCID: PMC6839093 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2085-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salinity is one of the damaging abiotic stress factor. Proper management techniques have been proposed to considerably lower the intensity of salinity on crop growth and productivity. Therefore experiments were conducted to assess the role of improved nitrogen (N) supplementation on the growth and salinity stress tolerance in wheat by analyzing the antioxidants, osmolytes and secondary metabolites. RESULTS Salinity (100 mM NaCl) stress imparted deleterious effects on the chlorophyll and carotenoid synthesis as well as the photosynthetic efficiency. N supplementation resulted in increased photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and internal CO2 concentration with effects being much obvious in seedlings treated with higher N dose. Under non-saline conditions at both N levels, protease and lipoxygenase activity reduced significantly reflecting in reduced oxidative damage. Such effects were accompanied by reduced generation of toxic radicals like hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, and lipid peroxidation in N supplemented seedlings. Antioxidant defence system was up-regulated under saline and non-saline growth conditions due to N supplementation leading to protection of major cellular processes like photosynthesis, membrane structure and function, and mineral assimilation. Increased osmolyte and secondary metabolite accumulation, and redox components in N supplemented plants regulated the ROS metabolism and NaCl tolerance by further strengthening the antioxidant mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Findings of present study suggest that N availability regulated the salinity tolerance by reducing Na uptake and strengthening the key tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cheng Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Naheeda Begum
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Maodong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Xue Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mohamed A. El-Sheikh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman A. Alatar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Lixin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Sherrard RM, Morellini N, Jourdan N, El-Esawi M, Arthaut LD, Niessner C, Rouyer F, Klarsfeld A, Doulazmi M, Witczak J, d’Harlingue A, Mariani J, Mclure I, Martino CF, Ahmad M. Low-intensity electromagnetic fields induce human cryptochrome to modulate intracellular reactive oxygen species. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2006229. [PMID: 30278045 PMCID: PMC6168118 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to man-made electromagnetic fields (EMFs), which increasingly pollute our environment, have consequences for human health about which there is continuing ignorance and debate. Whereas there is considerable ongoing concern about their harmful effects, magnetic fields are at the same time being applied as therapeutic tools in regenerative medicine, oncology, orthopedics, and neurology. This paradox cannot be resolved until the cellular mechanisms underlying such effects are identified. Here, we show by biochemical and imaging experiments that exposure of mammalian cells to weak pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) stimulates rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a potentially toxic metabolite with multiple roles in stress response and cellular ageing. Following exposure to PEMF, cell growth is slowed, and ROS-responsive genes are induced. These effects require the presence of cryptochrome, a putative magnetosensor that synthesizes ROS. We conclude that modulation of intracellular ROS via cryptochromes represents a general response to weak EMFs, which can account for either therapeutic or pathological effects depending on exposure. Clinically, our findings provide a rationale to optimize low field magnetic stimulation for novel therapeutic applications while warning against the possibility of harmful synergistic effects with environmental agents that further increase intracellular ROS. Repetitive low-intensity magnetic stimulation has been used in the treatment of disease for over 50 years. Associated benefits have included alleviation of depression, memory loss, and symptoms of Parkinson disease, as well as accelerated bone and wound healing and the treatment of certain cancers, independently of surgery or drugs. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that repetitive magnetic field exposure in human cells stimulates production of biological stress response chemicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). At moderate doses, we find that reactive oxygen actively stimulates cellular repair and stress response pathways, which might account for the observed therapeutic effects to repetitive magnetic stimulation. We further show that this response requires the function of a well-characterized, evolutionarily conserved flavoprotein receptor known as cryptochrome, which has been implicated in magnetic sensing in organisms ranging from plants to flies, including migratory birds. We conclude that exposure to weak magnetic fields induces the production of ROS in human cells and that this process requires the presence of the cryptochrome receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Sherrard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Team Repairing Neural Networks, Paris, France
| | - Natalie Morellini
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Team Repairing Neural Networks, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Jourdan
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Photobiology Team, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Photobiology Team, Paris, France
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Louis-David Arthaut
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Photobiology Team, Paris, France
| | - Christine Niessner
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität Munich, Theresienstraße, Munich, Germany
| | - Francois Rouyer
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andre Klarsfeld
- Brain Plasticity Unit, UMR 8249 (ESPCI Paris/CNRS), PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Doulazmi
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Team Repairing Neural Networks, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Witczak
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Photobiology Team, Paris, France
| | - Alain d’Harlingue
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Photobiology Team, Paris, France
| | - Jean Mariani
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Team Repairing Neural Networks, Paris, France
| | - Ian Mclure
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, United States of America
| | - Carlos F. Martino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, United States of America
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS Unit Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Photobiology Team, Paris, France
- Xavier University, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abomohra AEF, Eladel H, El-Esawi M, Wang S, Wang Q, He Z, Feng Y, Shang H, Hanelt D. Effect of lipid-free microalgal biomass and waste glycerol on growth and lipid production of Scenedesmus obliquus: Innovative waste recycling for extraordinary lipid production. Bioresour Technol 2018; 249:992-999. [PMID: 29145127 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, a novel approach of using growth medium with different substitutions of lipid-free algal hydrolysate (LFAH, 0, 5, 10 and 15%) and/or waste glycerol (WG, 0, 5, 10 and 20 g L-1) for enhanced biodiesel production from Scenedesmus obliquus was studied. Combination of different concentrations of WG with 15% LFAH showed the maximum significant biomass productivity, which represented 27.4, 30.5 and 28.9% over the control at combined 5, 10 and 20 g L-1 WG, respectively. The combinations of different LFAH with 20 g L-1 WG showed the maximum significant lipid accumulation, where lipid productivity showed its maximum significant value of 59.66 mg L-1 d-1 using LFAH15-WG10. In addition, LFAH15-WG10 significantly enhanced total FAMEs yield by 21.2% over the control. Moreover, it reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratio from 52.1% to 47.8% of total FAMEs, and increased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) ratio from 26.6% to 31.3% of total FAMEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd El-Fatah Abomohra
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hamed Eladel
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, 13518 Benha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt; Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Shuang Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhixia He
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongqiang Feng
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Shang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Dieter Hanelt
- Department of Cell Biology and Phycology, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststrasse 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany
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Elansary HO, Szopa A, Kubica P, Ekiert H, Ali HM, Elshikh MS, Abdel-Salam EM, El-Esawi M, El-Ansary DO. Bioactivities of Traditional Medicinal Plants in Alexandria. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018; 2018:1463579. [PMID: 29636772 PMCID: PMC5831234 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1463579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In traditional folklore, medicinal herbs play a vital role in the prevention and treatment of microbial diseases. In the present study, the phenolic profiles of the medicinal plants Asparagus aethiopicus L., Citrullus colocynthis L., Senna alexandrina L., Kalanchoe delagoensis L., Gasteria pillansii L., Cymbopogon citratus, Brassica juncea, and Curcuma longa L. were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector method. The results revealed rich sources of important compounds such as robinin in the fruits and leaves of A. aethiopicus; caffeic acid in the tubers of A. aethiopicus and quercitrin in the leaves of G. pillansii. Further, relatively high antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities were observed in C. colocynthis fruit coat, S. alexandrina pods, and A. aethiopicus leaves, respectively. The relatively higher the bioactivities of plants extracts associated with the phenols in these plants, in particular, the more abundant the phenols. Therefore, it was concluded that the fruit coat of C. colocynthis, pods of S. alexandrina, and leaves of A. aethiopicus might be excellent sources of natural products. These plant extracts also have a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activities that could be used in the pharmaceutical industries and to control diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam O. Elansary
- Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture and Garden Design Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, APK Campus, 2006, South Africa
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Kubica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Halina Ekiert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Timber Trees Research Department, Sabahia Horticulture Research Station, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam M. Abdel-Salam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Diaa O. El-Ansary
- Precision Agriculture Laboratory, Department of Pomology, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Arthaut LD, Jourdan N, Mteyrek A, Procopio M, El-Esawi M, d’Harlingue A, Bouchet PE, Witczak J, Ritz T, Klarsfeld A, Birman S, Usselman RJ, Hoecker U, Martino CF, Ahmad M. Blue-light induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species is a consequence of the Drosophila cryptochrome photocycle. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171836. [PMID: 28296892 PMCID: PMC5351967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptochromes are evolutionarily conserved blue-light absorbing flavoproteins which participate in many important cellular processes including in entrainment of the circadian clock in plants, Drosophila and humans. Drosophila melanogaster cryptochrome (DmCry) absorbs light through a flavin (FAD) cofactor that undergoes photoreduction to the anionic radical (FAD•-) redox state both in vitro and in vivo. However, recent efforts to link this photoconversion to the initiation of a biological response have remained controversial. Here, we show by kinetic modeling of the DmCry photocycle that the fluence dependence, quantum yield, and half-life of flavin redox state interconversion are consistent with the anionic radical (FAD•-) as the signaling state in vivo. We show by fluorescence detection techniques that illumination of purified DmCry results in enzymatic conversion of molecular oxygen (O2) to reactive oxygen species (ROS). We extend these observations in living cells to demonstrate transient formation of superoxide (O2•-), and accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the nucleus of insect cell cultures upon DmCry illumination. These results define the kinetic parameters of the Drosophila cryptochrome photocycle and support light-driven electron transfer to the flavin in DmCry signaling. They furthermore raise the intriguing possibility that light-dependent formation of ROS as a byproduct of the cryptochrome photocycle may contribute to its signaling role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-David Arthaut
- UMR CNRS 8256 (B2A), IBPS, Université Paris VI, Paris, France
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Ali Mteyrek
- GCRN team, Brain Plasticity Unit, UMR 8249 CNRS/ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Maria Procopio
- UMR CNRS 8256 (B2A), IBPS, Université Paris VI, Paris, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- UMR CNRS 8256 (B2A), IBPS, Université Paris VI, Paris, France
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | | | - Jacques Witczak
- UMR CNRS 8256 (B2A), IBPS, Université Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - Thorsten Ritz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - André Klarsfeld
- GCRN team, Brain Plasticity Unit, UMR 8249 CNRS/ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Serge Birman
- GCRN team, Brain Plasticity Unit, UMR 8249 CNRS/ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Robert J. Usselman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Ute Hoecker
- Botanical Institute and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carlos F. Martino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, United States of America
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- UMR CNRS 8256 (B2A), IBPS, Université Paris VI, Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sallam A, Arbaoui M, El-Esawi M, Abshire N, Martsch R. Identification and Verification of QTL Associated with Frost Tolerance Using Linkage Mapping and GWAS in Winter Faba Bean. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1098. [PMID: 27540381 PMCID: PMC4972839 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Frost stress is one of the abiotic stresses that causes a significant reduction in winter faba bean yield in Europe. The main objective of this work is to genetically improve frost tolerance in winter faba bean by identifying and validating QTL associated with frost tolerance to be used in marker-assisted selection (MAS). Two different genetic backgrounds were used: a biparental population (BPP) consisting of 101 inbred lines, and 189 genotypes from single seed descent (SSD) from the Gottingen Winter bean Population (GWBP). All experiments were conducted in a frost growth chamber under controlled conditions. Both populations were genotyped using the same set of 189 SNP markers. Visual scoring for frost stress symptoms was used to define frost tolerance in both populations. In addition, leaf fatty acid composition (FAC) and proline content were analyzed in BPP as physiological traits. QTL mapping (for BPP) and genome wide association studies (for GWBP) were performed to detect QTL associated with frost tolerance. High genetic variation between genotypes, and repeatability estimates, were found for all traits. QTL mapping and GWAS identified new putative QTL associated with promising frost tolerance and related traits. A set of 54 SNP markers common in both genetic backgrounds showed a high genetic diversity with polymorphic information content (PIC) ranging from 0.31 to 0.37 and gene diversity ranging from 0.39 to 0.50. This indicates that these markers may be polymorphic for many faba bean populations. Five SNP markers showed a significant marker-trait association with frost tolerance and related traits in both populations. Moreover, synteny analysis between Medicago truncatula (a model legume) and faba bean genomes was performed to identify candidate genes for these markers. Collinearity was evaluated between the faba bean genetic map constructed in this study and the faba bean consensus map, resulting in identifying possible genomic regions in faba bean which may control frost tolerance genes. The two genetic backgrounds were useful in detecting new variation for improving frost tolerance in winter faba bean. Of the five validated SNP markers, one (VF_Mt3g086600) was found to be associated with frost tolerance and FAC in both populations. This marker was also associated with winter hardiness and high yield in earlier studies. This marker is located in a gene of unknown function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Sallam
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut UniversityAssiut, Egypt
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-LincolnLincoln, NE, USA
- *Correspondence: Ahmed Sallam
| | - Mustapha Arbaoui
- Unit of Genetics, Biotechnologies and Plant Breeding, Department of Production, Protection and Biotechnology of Plants, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary MedicineRabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta UniversityTanta, Egypt
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Nathan Abshire
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-LincolnLincoln, NE, USA
| | - Regina Martsch
- Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August-Univeristät GöttingenGöttingen, Germany
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Consentino L, Lambert S, Martino C, Jourdan N, Bouchet PE, Witczak J, Castello P, El-Esawi M, Corbineau F, d'Harlingue A, Ahmad M. Blue-light dependent reactive oxygen species formation by Arabidopsis cryptochrome may define a novel evolutionarily conserved signaling mechanism. New Phytol 2015; 206:1450-62. [PMID: 25728686 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cryptochromes are widespread blue-light absorbing flavoproteins with important signaling roles. In plants they mediate de-etiolation, developmental and stress responses resulting from interaction with downstream signaling partners such as transcription factors and components of the proteasome. Recently, it has been shown that Arabidopsis cry1 activation by blue light also results in direct enzymatic conversion of molecular oxygen (O2 ) to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) in vitro. Here we explored whether direct enzymatic synthesis of ROS by Arabidopsis cry1 can play a physiological role in vivo. ROS formation resulting from cry1 expression was measured by fluorescence assay in insect cell cultures and in Arabidopsis protoplasts from cryptochrome mutant seedlings. Cell death was determined by colorimetric assay. We found that ROS formation results from cry1 activation and induces cell death in insect cell cultures. In plant protoplasts, cryptochrome activation results in rapid increase in ROS formation and cell death. We conclude that ROS formation by cryptochromes may indeed be of physiological relevance and could represent a novel paradigm for cryptochrome signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Consentino
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Stefan Lambert
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Carlos Martino
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Nathalie Jourdan
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Pierre-Etienne Bouchet
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jacques Witczak
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Pablo Castello
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Belgrano (UB), Villanueva 1324, Buenos Aires, C1426BMJ, Argentina
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Francoise Corbineau
- UMR7622 CNRS-UPMC Biologie du Développement, IBPS, Bat C 2ème étage, boîte 24, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Alain d'Harlingue
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS - UPMC, IBPS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Bat C 3éme étage, 9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Xavier University, 3800 Victory Parkway, Cincinatti, OH, 45207, USA
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El-Esawi M, Glascoe A, Engle D, Ritz T, Link J, Ahmad M. Cellular metabolites modulate in vivo signaling of Arabidopsis cryptochrome-1. Plant Signal Behav 2015; 10:e1063758. [PMID: 26313597 PMCID: PMC4883859 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1063758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cryptochromes are blue-light absorbing flavoproteins with multiple signaling roles. In plants, cryptochrome (cry1, cry2) biological activity has been linked to flavin photoreduction via an electron transport chain to the protein surface comprising 3 evolutionarily conserved tryptophan residues known as the 'Trp triad.' Mutation of any of the Trp triad residues abolishes photoreduction in isolated cryptochrome protein in vitro and therefore had been suggested as essential for electron transfer to the flavin. However, photoreduction of the flavin in Arabidopsis cry2 proteins occurs in vivo even with mutations in the Trp triad, indicating the existence of alternative electron transfer pathways to the flavin. These pathways are potentiated by metabolites in the intracellular environment including ATP, ADP, AMP, and NADH. In the present work we extend these observations to Arabidopsis cryptochrome 1 and demonstrate that Trp triad substitution mutants at W400F and W324F positions which are not photoreduced in vitro can be photoreduced in whole cell extracts, albeit with reduced efficiency. We further show that the flavin signaling state (FADH°) is stabilized in an in vivo context. These data illustrate that in vivo modulation by metabolites in the cellular environment may play an important role in cryptochrome signaling, and are discussed with respect to possible effects on the conformation of the C-terminal domain to generate the biologically active conformational state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Esawi
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS – UPMC; IBPS; Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Paris, France
- Botany Department; Faculty of Science; Tanta University; Tanta, Egypt
| | | | | | - Thorsten Ritz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of California; Irvine, CA USA
| | | | - Margaret Ahmad
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS – UPMC; IBPS; Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Paris, France
- Xavier University; Cincinnati, OH USA
- Correspondence to: Margaret Ahmad;
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Jourdan N, F Martino C, El-Esawi M, Witczak J, Bouchet PE, d'Harlingue A, Ahmad M. Blue-light dependent ROS formation by Arabidopsis cryptochrome-2 may contribute toward its signaling role. Plant Signal Behav 2015; 10:e1042647. [PMID: 26179959 PMCID: PMC4622510 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1042647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cryptochromes are blue-light absorbing flavoproteins with many important signaling roles in plants, including in de-etiolation, development, and stress response. They interact with downstream signaling partners such as transcription factors and components of the proteasome, and thereby alter regulation of nuclear gene expression in a light dependent manner. In a prior study, it has also been shown that Arabidopsis cry1 activation by blue light results in direct enzymatic conversion of molecular oxygen (O2) to ROS (reactive oxygen species) in vivo leading to cell death in overexpressing lines. Here we extend these observations to show that Atcry2 is translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus in response to blue light illumination, resulting in nuclear accumulation of ROS in expressing insect cell cultures. These observations suggest that ROS formation may represent a novel means of signaling by Atcry2 distinct from, and perhaps complementary to, the currently known mechanism of light-mediated conformational change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Jourdan
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS – UPMC; IBPS; Université Pierre et Marie Curie 9; Paris, France
| | - Carlos F Martino
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS – UPMC; IBPS; Université Pierre et Marie Curie 9; Paris, France
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Florida Institute of Technology; Melbourne, FL USA
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS – UPMC; IBPS; Université Pierre et Marie Curie 9; Paris, France
- Botany Department; Faculty of Science; Tanta University; Tanta, Egypt
| | - Jacques Witczak
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS – UPMC; IBPS; Université Pierre et Marie Curie 9; Paris, France
| | | | - Alain d'Harlingue
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS – UPMC; IBPS; Université Pierre et Marie Curie 9; Paris, France
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- UMR 8256 (B2A) CNRS – UPMC; IBPS; Université Pierre et Marie Curie 9; Paris, France
- Xavier University; Cincinatti, OH USA
- Correspondence to: Margaret Ahmad;
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