1
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Kuo ME, Schuler A, Ahmed A, Smith E, Wang F. Skin-limited Langerhans cell histiocytosis in an adult presenting as isolated, eroded, "kissing" intergluteal plaques. JAAD Case Rep 2023; 42:16-19. [PMID: 37965193 PMCID: PMC10641449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Molly E. Kuo
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andrew Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Section of Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Asra Ahmed
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Emily Smith
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Section of Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Frank Wang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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2
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Kuo ME, Briones NF, Helfrich YR. Infectious pseudochromhidrosis in the setting of dupilumab use. JAAD Case Rep 2022; 25:27-29. [PMID: 35712045 PMCID: PMC9193841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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3
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Saunders RA, Michniacki TF, Hames C, Moale HA, Wilke C, Kuo ME, Nguyen J, Hartlerode AJ, Moore BB, Sekiguchi JM. Elevated inflammatory responses and targeted therapeutic intervention in a preclinical mouse model of ataxia-telangiectasia lung disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4268. [PMID: 33608602 PMCID: PMC7895952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive, multisystem disorder characterized by cerebellar degeneration, cancer predisposition, and immune system defects. A major cause of mortality in A-T patients is severe pulmonary disease; however, the underlying causes of the lung complications are poorly understood, and there are currently no curative therapeutic interventions. In this study, we examined the lung phenotypes caused by ATM-deficient immune cells using a mouse model of A-T pulmonary disease. In response to acute lung injury, ATM-deficiency causes decreased survival, reduced blood oxygen saturation, elevated neutrophil recruitment, exaggerated and prolonged inflammatory responses and excessive lung injury compared to controls. We found that ATM null bone marrow adoptively transferred to WT recipients induces similar phenotypes that culminate in impaired lung function. Moreover, we demonstrated that activated ATM-deficient macrophages exhibit significantly elevated production of harmful reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings indicate that ATM-deficient immune cells play major roles in causing the lung pathologies in A-T. Based on these results, we examined the impact of inhibiting the aberrant inflammatory responses caused by ATM-deficiency with reparixin, a CXCR1/CXCR2 chemokine receptor antagonist. We demonstrated that reparixin treatment reduces neutrophil recruitment, edema and tissue damage in ATM mutant lungs. Thus, our findings indicate that targeted inhibition of CXCR1/CXCR2 attenuates pulmonary phenotypes caused by ATM-deficiency and suggest that this treatment approach represents a viable therapeutic strategy for A-T lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudel A Saunders
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2063 BSRB, Box 2200, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Thomas F Michniacki
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Courtney Hames
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hilary A Moale
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2063 BSRB, Box 2200, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carol Wilke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Molly E Kuo
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Johnathan Nguyen
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Bethany B Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2063 BSRB, Box 2200, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - JoAnn M Sekiguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 2063 BSRB, Box 2200, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Abstract
Mutations in the mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA synthetase gene, AARS2, have been reported to cause leukoencephalopathy associated with early ovarian failure, a clinical presentation described as "ovarioleukodystrophy." We present a sibling pair: one with cerebellar ataxia and one with vision loss and cognitive impairment in addition to ataxia. Neither shows evidence of leukoencephalopathy on MRI imaging. Exome sequencing revealed that both siblings are compound heterozygous for AARS2 variants (p.Phe131del and p.Ile328Met). Yeast complementation assays indicate that p.Phe131del AARS2 dramatically impairs gene function and that p.Ile328Met AARS2 is a hypomorphic allele. This work expands the phenotypic spectrum of AARS2-associated disease to include ataxia without leukoencephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly E Kuo
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Medical Science II, 3710A, 1241 E. Catherine St. SPC 5618, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Vikram G Shakkottai
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. .,BSRB, 4009, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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5
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Markovitz R, Ghosh R, Kuo ME, Hong W, Lim J, Bernes S, Manberg S, Crosby K, Tanpaiboon P, Bharucha-Goebel D, Bonnemann C, Mohila CA, Mizerik E, Woodbury S, Bi W, Lotze T, Antonellis A, Xiao R, Potocki L. GARS-related disease in infantile spinal muscular atrophy: Implications for diagnosis and treatment. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:1167-1176. [PMID: 32181591 PMCID: PMC8297662 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The majority of patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) identified to date harbor a biallelic exonic deletion of SMN1. However, there have been reports of SMA-like disorders that are independent of SMN1, including those due to pathogenic variants in the glycyl-tRNA synthetase gene (GARS1). We report three unrelated patients with de novo variants in GARS1 that are associated with infantile-onset SMA (iSMA). Patients were ascertained during inpatient hospital evaluations for complications of neuropathy. Evaluations were completed as indicated for clinical care and management and informed consent for publication was obtained. One newly identified, disease-associated GARS1 variant, identified in two out of three patients, was analyzed by functional studies in yeast complementation assays. Genomic analyses by exome and/or gene panel and SMN1 copy number analysis of three patients identified two previously undescribed de novo missense variants in GARS1 and excluded SMN1 as the causative gene. Functional studies in yeast revealed that one of the de novo GARS1 variants results in a loss-of-function effect, consistent with other pathogenic GARS1 alleles. In sum, the patients' clinical presentation, assessments of previously identified GARS1 variants and functional assays in yeast suggest that the GARS1 variants described here cause iSMA. GARS1 variants have been previously associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT2D) and distal SMA type V (dSMAV). Our findings expand the allelic heterogeneity of GARS-associated disease and support that severe early-onset SMA can be caused by variants in this gene. Distinguishing the SMA phenotype caused by SMN1 variants from that due to pathogenic variants in other genes such as GARS1 significantly alters approaches to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Markovitz
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rajarshi Ghosh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Molly E. Kuo
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - William Hong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Jaehyung Lim
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Saunder Bernes
- Division of Child Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Stephanie Manberg
- Division of Child Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Kathleen Crosby
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children’s National Hospital, Rare Disease Institute, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Pranoot Tanpaiboon
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children’s National Hospital, Rare Disease Institute, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Diana Bharucha-Goebel
- Division of Neurology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carsten Bonnemann
- Division of Neurology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carrie A. Mohila
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth Mizerik
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Suzanne Woodbury
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Houston, Texas
| | - Weimin Bi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy Lotze
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Lorraine Potocki
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
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6
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Galatolo D, Kuo ME, Mullen P, Meyer-Schuman R, Doccini S, Battini R, Lieto M, Tessa A, Filla A, Francklyn C, Antonellis A, Santorelli FM. Bi-allelic mutations in HARS1 severely impair histidyl-tRNA synthetase expression and enzymatic activity causing a novel multisystem ataxic syndrome. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1232-1237. [PMID: 32333447 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HARS1), an enzyme that charges transfer RNA with the amino acid histidine in the cytoplasm, have only been associated to date with autosomal recessive Usher syndrome type III and autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2W. Using massive parallel sequencing, we identified bi-allelic HARS1 variants in a child (c.616G>T, p.Asp206Tyr and c.730delG, p.Val244Cysfs*6) and in two sisters (c.1393A>C, p.Ile465Leu and c.910_912dupTTG, p.Leu305dup), all characterized by a multisystem ataxic syndrome. All mutations are rare, segregate with the disease, and are predicted to have a significant effect on protein function. Functional studies helped to substantiate their disease-related roles. Indeed, yeast complementation assays showing that one out of two mutations in each patient is loss-of-function, and the reduction of messenger RNA and protein levels and enzymatic activity in patient's skin-derived fibroblasts, together support the pathogenicity of the identified HARS1 variants in the patient phenotypes. Thus, our efforts expand the allelic and clinical spectrum of HARS1-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Galatolo
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Molly E Kuo
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Patrick Mullen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Rebecca Meyer-Schuman
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stefano Doccini
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Battini
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Lieto
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tessa
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Filla
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Christopher Francklyn
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Filippo M Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
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7
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Kuo ME, Antonellis A. Ubiquitously Expressed Proteins and Restricted Phenotypes: Exploring Cell-Specific Sensitivities to Impaired tRNA Charging. Trends Genet 2019; 36:105-117. [PMID: 31839378 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) are ubiquitously expressed, essential enzymes that charge tRNA with cognate amino acids. Variants in genes encoding ARS enzymes lead to myriad human inherited diseases. First, missense alleles cause dominant peripheral neuropathy. Second, missense, nonsense, and frameshift alleles cause recessive multisystem disorders that differentially affect tissues depending on which ARS is mutated. A preponderance of evidence has shown that both phenotypic classes are associated with loss-of-function alleles, suggesting that tRNA charging plays a central role in disease pathogenesis. However, it is currently unclear how perturbation in the function of these ubiquitously expressed enzymes leads to tissue-specific or tissue-predominant phenotypes. Here, we review our current understanding of ARS-associated disease phenotypes and discuss potential explanations for the observed tissue specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly E Kuo
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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8
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Kuo ME, Theil AF, Kievit A, Malicdan MC, Introne WJ, Christian T, Verheijen FW, Smith DEC, Mendes MI, Hussaarts-Odijk L, van der Meijden E, van Slegtenhorst M, Wilke M, Vermeulen W, Raams A, Groden C, Shimada S, Meyer-Schuman R, Hou YM, Gahl WA, Antonellis A, Salomons GS, Mancini GMS. Cysteinyl-tRNA Synthetase Mutations Cause a Multi-System, Recessive Disease That Includes Microcephaly, Developmental Delay, and Brittle Hair and Nails. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:520-529. [PMID: 30824121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are essential enzymes responsible for charging tRNA molecules with cognate amino acids. Consistent with the essential function and ubiquitous expression of ARSs, mutations in 32 of the 37 ARS-encoding loci cause severe, early-onset recessive phenotypes. Previous genetic and functional data suggest a loss-of-function mechanism; however, our understanding of the allelic and locus heterogeneity of ARS-related disease is incomplete. Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CARS) encodes the enzyme that charges tRNACys with cysteine in the cytoplasm. To date, CARS variants have not been implicated in any human disease phenotype. Here, we report on four subjects from three families with complex syndromes that include microcephaly, developmental delay, and brittle hair and nails. Each affected person carries bi-allelic CARS variants: one individual is compound heterozygous for c.1138C>T (p.Gln380∗) and c.1022G>A (p.Arg341His), two related individuals are compound heterozygous for c.1076C>T (p.Ser359Leu) and c.1199T>A (p.Leu400Gln), and one individual is homozygous for c.2061dup (p.Ser688Glnfs∗2). Measurement of protein abundance, yeast complementation assays, and assessments of tRNA charging indicate that each CARS variant causes a loss-of-function effect. Compared to subjects with previously reported ARS-related diseases, individuals with bi-allelic CARS variants are unique in presenting with a brittle-hair-and-nail phenotype, which most likely reflects the high cysteine content in human keratins. In sum, our efforts implicate CARS variants in human inherited disease, expand the locus and clinical heterogeneity of ARS-related clinical phenotypes, and further support impaired tRNA charging as the primary mechanism of recessive ARS-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly E Kuo
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Arjan F Theil
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke Kievit
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - May Christine Malicdan
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wendy J Introne
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas Christian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biochemistry, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Frans W Verheijen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Desiree E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lidia Hussaarts-Odijk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric van der Meijden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjon van Slegtenhorst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martina Wilke
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anja Raams
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Catherine Groden
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shino Shimada
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rebecca Meyer-Schuman
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ya Ming Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biochemistry, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Aldrup-MacDonald ME, Kuo ME, Sullivan LL, Chew K, Sullivan BA. Genomic variation within alpha satellite DNA influences centromere location on human chromosomes with metastable epialleles. Genome Res 2016; 26:1301-1311. [PMID: 27510565 PMCID: PMC5052062 DOI: 10.1101/gr.206706.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Alpha satellite is a tandemly organized type of repetitive DNA that comprises 5% of the genome and is found at all human centromeres. A defined number of 171-bp monomers are organized into chromosome-specific higher-order repeats (HORs) that are reiterated thousands of times. At least half of all human chromosomes have two or more distinct HOR alpha satellite arrays within their centromere regions. We previously showed that the two alpha satellite arrays of Homo sapiens Chromosome 17 (HSA17), D17Z1 and D17Z1-B, behave as centromeric epialleles, that is, the centromere, defined by chromatin containing the centromeric histone variant CENPA and recruitment of other centromere proteins, can form at either D17Z1 or D17Z1-B. Some individuals in the human population are functional heterozygotes in that D17Z1 is the active centromere on one homolog and D17Z1-B is active on the other. In this study, we aimed to understand the molecular basis for how centromere location is determined on HSA17. Specifically, we focused on D17Z1 genomic variation as a driver of epiallele formation. We found that D17Z1 arrays that are predominantly composed of HOR size and sequence variants were functionally less competent. They either recruited decreased amounts of the centromere-specific histone variant CENPA and the HSA17 was mitotically unstable, or alternatively, the centromere was assembled at D17Z1-B and the HSA17 was stable. Our study demonstrates that genomic variation within highly repetitive, noncoding DNA of human centromere regions has a pronounced impact on genome stability and basic chromosomal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Aldrup-MacDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Molly E Kuo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Lori L Sullivan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Kimberline Chew
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Beth A Sullivan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA; Division of Human Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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