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Weitering TJ, Melsen JE, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Weemaes CMR, Schilham MW, van der Burg M. Normal Numbers of Stem Cell Memory T Cells Despite Strongly Reduced Naive T Cells Support Intact Memory T Cell Compartment in Ataxia Telangiectasia. Front Immunol 2021; 12:686333. [PMID: 34248969 PMCID: PMC8264762 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.686333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, chromosomal instability, cancer susceptibility and immunodeficiency. AT is caused by mutations in the ATM gene, which is involved in multiple processes linked to DNA double strand break repair. Immunologically, ATM mutations lead to hampered V(D)J recombination and consequently reduced numbers of naive B and T cells. In addition, class switch recombination is disturbed resulting in antibody deficiency causing common, mostly sinopulmonary, bacterial infections. Yet, AT patients in general have no clinical T cell associated infections and numbers of memory T cells are usually normal. In this study we investigated the naive and memory T cell compartment in five patients with classical AT and compared them with five healthy controls using a 24-color antibody panel and spectral flow cytometry. Multidimensional analysis of CD4 and CD8 TCRαβ+ cells revealed that early naive T cell populations, i.e. CD4+CD31+ recent thymic emigrants and CD8+CCR7++CD45RA++ T cells, were strongly reduced in AT patients. However, we identified normal numbers of stem cell memory T cells expressing CD95, which are antigen-experienced T cells that can persist for decades because of their self-renewal capacity. We hypothesize that the presence of stem cell memory T cells explains why AT patients have an intact memory T cell compartment. In line with this novel finding, memory T cells of AT patients were normal in number and expressed chemokine receptors, activating and inhibitory receptors in comparable percentages as controls. Comparing memory T cell phenotypes by Boolean gating revealed similar diversity indices in AT compared to controls. We conclude that AT patients have a fully developed memory T cell compartment despite strongly reduced naive T cells. This could be explained by the presence of normal numbers of stem cell memory T cells in the naive T cell compartment, which support the maintenance of the memory T cells. The identification of stem cell memory T cells via our spectral flow cytometric approach is highly relevant for better understanding of T cell immunity in AT. Moreover, it provides possibilities for further research on this recently identified T cell population in other inborn errors of immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Weitering
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Janine E Melsen
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Monique M van Ostaijen-Ten Dam
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Corry M R Weemaes
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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2
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Kielsen K, Oostenbrink LVE, von Asmuth EGJ, Jansen-Hoogendijk AM, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Ifversen M, Heilmann C, Schilham MW, van Halteren AGS, Bredius RGM, Lankester AC, Jol-van der Zijde CM, van Tol MJD, Müller K. IL-7 and IL-15 Levels Reflect the Degree of T Cell Depletion during Lymphopenia and Are Associated with an Expansion of Effector Memory T Cells after Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. J Immunol 2021; 206:2828-2838. [PMID: 34108260 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Differentially and functionally distinct T cell subsets are involved in the development of complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but little is known about factors regulating their recovery after HSCT. In this study, we investigated associations between immune-regulating cytokines, T cell differentiation, and clinical outcomes. We included 80 children undergoing allogeneic HSCT for acute leukemia using bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells grafted from a matched sibling or unrelated donor. Cytokines (IL-7, IL-15, IL-18, SCF, IL-6, IL-2, and TNF-α) and active anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) levels were longitudinally measured along with extended T cell phenotyping. The cytokine profiles showed a temporary rise in IL-7 and IL-15 during lymphopenia, which was strongly dependent on exposure to active ATG. High levels of IL-7 and IL-15 from graft infusion to day +30 were predictive of slower T cell recovery during the first 2 mo post-HSCT; however, because of a major expansion of memory T cell stages, only naive T cells remained decreased after 3 mo (p < 0.05). No differential effect was seen on polarization of CD4+ T cells into Th1, Th2, or Th17 cells or regulatory T cells. Low levels of IL-7 and IL-15 at day +14 were associated with acute graft-versus-host disease grades II-IV in ATG-treated patients (p = 0.0004 and p = 0.0002, respectively). Children with IL-7 levels comparable to healthy controls at day +14 post-HSCT were less likely to develop EBV reactivation posttransplant. These findings suggest that quantification of IL-7 and IL-15 may be useful as biomarkers in assessing the overall T cell depletion and suggest a potential for predicting complications after HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Kielsen
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Primary Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; .,Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Rheumatology and Spine Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; and
| | - Lisa V E Oostenbrink
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik G J von Asmuth
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anja M Jansen-Hoogendijk
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Monique M van Ostaijen-Ten Dam
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marianne Ifversen
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Primary Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Heilmann
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Primary Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid G S van Halteren
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert G M Bredius
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan C Lankester
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M Jol-van der Zijde
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten J D van Tol
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Klaus Müller
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Primary Immune Deficiency, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute for Inflammation Research, Department of Rheumatology and Spine Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; and
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3
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Melsen JE, Lugthart G, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Schilham MW. Comment to: Single-cell profiling reveals the trajectories of natural killer cell differentiation in bone marrow and a stress signature induced by acute myeloid leukemia. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1348-1349. [PMID: 33893392 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Janine E Melsen
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Gertjan Lugthart
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monique M van Ostaijen-Ten Dam
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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4
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Helfricht A, Thijssen PE, Rother MB, Shah RG, Du L, Takada S, Rogier M, Moritz J, IJspeert H, Stoepker C, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Heyer V, Luijsterburg MS, de Groot A, Jak R, Grootaers G, Wang J, Rao P, Vertegaal ACO, van Tol MJD, Pan-Hammarström Q, Reina-San-Martin B, Shah GM, van der Burg M, van der Maarel SM, van Attikum H. Loss of ZBTB24 impairs nonhomologous end-joining and class-switch recombination in patients with ICF syndrome. J Exp Med 2021; 217:152060. [PMID: 32865561 PMCID: PMC7526497 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The autosomal recessive immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. Despite the identification of the underlying gene defects, it is unclear how mutations in any of the four known ICF genes cause a primary immunodeficiency. Here we demonstrate that loss of ZBTB24 in B cells from mice and ICF2 patients affects nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) during immunoglobulin class-switch recombination and consequently impairs immunoglobulin production and isotype balance. Mechanistically, we found that ZBTB24 associates with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and stimulates its auto-poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. The zinc-finger in ZBTB24 binds PARP1-associated poly(ADP-ribose) chains and mediates the PARP1-dependent recruitment of ZBTB24 to DNA breaks. Moreover, through its association with poly(ADP-ribose) chains, ZBTB24 protects them from degradation by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). This facilitates the poly(ADP-ribose)-dependent assembly of the LIG4/XRCC4 complex at DNA breaks, thereby promoting error-free NHEJ. Thus, we uncover ZBTB24 as a regulator of PARP1-dependent NHEJ and class-switch recombination, providing a molecular basis for the immunodeficiency in ICF2 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Helfricht
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Peter E Thijssen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Magdalena B Rother
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Rashmi G Shah
- CHU de Québec Research Centre (site CHUL) and Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research and Axe Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Likun Du
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sanami Takada
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mélanie Rogier
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Jacques Moritz
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Hanna IJspeert
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chantal Stoepker
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Monique M van Ostaijen-Ten Dam
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Vincent Heyer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Anton de Groot
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Rianca Jak
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gwendolynn Grootaers
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Alfred C O Vertegaal
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Maarten J D van Tol
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Bernardo Reina-San-Martin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Girish M Shah
- CHU de Québec Research Centre (site CHUL) and Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research and Axe Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Haico van Attikum
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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5
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Melsen JE, Themeli M, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, van Beelen E, Lugthart G, Hoeben RC, Schilham MW, Mikkers HM. Protocol for Isolation, Stimulation and Functional Profiling of Primary and iPSC-derived Human NK Cells. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3845. [PMID: 33659493 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells, characterized by their cytotoxic capacity, and chemokine and cytokine secretion upon activation. Human NK cells are identified by CD56 expression. Circulating NK cells can be further subdivided into the CD56bright (~10%) and CD56dim NK cell subsets (~90%). NK cell-like cells can also be derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). To study the chemokine and cytokine secretion profile of the distinct heterogenous NK cell subsets, intracellular flow cytometry staining can be performed. However, this assay is challenging when the starting material is limited. Alternatively, NK cell subsets can be enriched, sorted, stimulated, and functionally profiled by measuring secreted effector molecules in the supernatant by Luminex. Here, we provide a rapid and straightforward protocol for the isolation and stimulation of primary NK cells or iPSC-derived NK cell-like cells, and subsequent detection of secreted cytokines and chemokines, which is also applicable for a low number of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine E Melsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Themeli
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Els van Beelen
- Department of Immunohematology & Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Lugthart
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob C Hoeben
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Harald M Mikkers
- Department of Cell & Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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6
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Melsen JE, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Lankester AC, Schilham MW, van den Akker EB. A Comprehensive Workflow for Applying Single-Cell Clustering and Pseudotime Analysis to Flow Cytometry Data. J Immunol 2020; 205:864-871. [PMID: 32591399 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of single-cell platforms inspired the development of high-dimensional single-cell analysis tools to comprehensively characterize the underlying cellular heterogeneity. Flow cytometry data are traditionally analyzed by (subjective) gating of subpopulations on two-dimensional plots. However, the increasing number of parameters measured by conventional and spectral flow cytometry reinforces the need to apply many of the recently developed tools for single-cell analysis on flow cytometry data, as well. However, the myriads of analysis options offered by the continuously released novel packages can be overwhelming to the immunologist with limited computational background. In this article, we explain the main concepts of such analyses and provide a detailed workflow to illustrate their implications and additional prerequisites when applied on flow cytometry data. Moreover, we provide readily applicable R code covering transformation, normalization, dimensionality reduction, clustering, and pseudotime analysis that can serve as a template for future analyses. We demonstrate the merit of our workflow by reanalyzing a public human dataset. Compared with standard gating, the results of our workflow provide new insights in cellular subsets, alternative classifications, and hypothetical trajectories. Taken together, we present a well-documented workflow, which utilizes existing high-dimensional single-cell analysis tools to reveal cellular heterogeneity and intercellular relationships in flow cytometry data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine E Melsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands;
| | | | - Arjan C Lankester
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik B van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, the Netherlands; and.,Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics Group, Delft University of Technology, 2628 XE Delft, the Netherlands
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7
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Melsen JE, Lugthart G, Vervat C, Kielbasa SM, van der Zeeuw SAJ, Buermans HPJ, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Lankester AC, Schilham MW. Human Bone Marrow-Resident Natural Killer Cells Have a Unique Transcriptional Profile and Resemble Resident Memory CD8 + T Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1829. [PMID: 30186282 PMCID: PMC6113396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human lymphoid tissues harbor, in addition to CD56bright and CD56dim natural killer (NK) cells, a third NK cell population: CD69+CXCR6+ lymphoid tissue (lt)NK cells. The function and development of ltNK cells remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing on the three NK cell populations derived from bone marrow (BM) and blood. In ltNK cells, 1,353 genes were differentially expressed compared to circulating NK cells. Several molecules involved in migration were downregulated in ltNK cells: S1PR1, SELPLG and CD62L. By flow cytometry we confirmed that the expression profile of adhesion molecules (CD49e−, CD29low, CD81high, CD62L−, CD11c−) and transcription factors (Eomeshigh, Tbetlow) of ltNK cells differed from their circulating counterparts. LtNK cells were characterized by enhanced expression of inhibitory receptors TIGIT and CD96 and low expression of DNAM1 and cytolytic molecules (GZMB, GZMH, GNLY). Their proliferative capacity was reduced compared to the circulating NK cells. By performing gene set enrichment analysis, we identified DUSP6 and EGR2 as potential regulators of the ltNK cell transcriptome. Remarkably, comparison of the ltNK cell transcriptome to the published human spleen-resident memory CD8+ T (Trm) cell transcriptome revealed an overlapping gene signature. Moreover, the phenotypic profile of ltNK cells resembled that of CD8+ Trm cells in BM. Together, we provide transcriptional and phenotypic data that clearly distinguish ltNK cells from both the CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells and substantiate the view that ltNK cells are tissue-resident cells, which are functionally restrained in killing and have low proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine E Melsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Lugthart
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Carly Vervat
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Szymon M Kielbasa
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Henk P J Buermans
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden Genome Technology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Arjan C Lankester
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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8
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van de Vosse E, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Vermaire R, Verhard EM, Waaijer JL, Bakker JA, Bernards ST, Eibel H, van Tol MJ, van Dissel JT, Haverkamp MH. Recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI) in the elderly: A late onset mild immunodeficiency? Clin Immunol 2017; 180:111-119. [PMID: 28487087 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Elderly with late-onset recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI) often have specific anti-polysaccharide antibody deficiency (SPAD). We hypothesized that late-onset RRTI is caused by mild immunodeficiencies, such as SPAD, that remain hidden through adult life. We analyzed seventeen elderly RRTI patients and matched controls. We determined lymphocyte subsets, expression of BAFF receptors, serum immunoglobulins, complement pathways, Pneumovax-23 vaccination response and genetic variations in BAFFR and MBL2. Twelve patients (71%) and ten controls (59%) had SPAD. IgA was lower in patients than in controls, but other parameters did not differ. However, a high percentage of both patients (53%) and controls (65%) were MBL deficient, much more than in the general population. Often, MBL2 secretor genotypes did not match functional deficiency, suggesting that functional MBL deficiency can be an acquired condition. In conclusion, we found SPAD and MBL deficiency in many elderly, and conjecture that at least the latter arises with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther van de Vosse
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | | - René Vermaire
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Els M Verhard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline L Waaijer
- Department of Paediatrics, Laboratory for Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Bakker
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra T Bernards
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hermann Eibel
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maarten J van Tol
- Department of Paediatrics, Laboratory for Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap T van Dissel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Margje H Haverkamp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Thijssen PE, Ito Y, Grillo G, Wang J, Velasco G, Nitta H, Unoki M, Yoshihara M, Suyama M, Sun Y, Lemmers RJLF, de Greef JC, Gennery A, Picco P, Kloeckener-Gruissem B, Güngör T, Reisli I, Picard C, Kebaili K, Roquelaure B, Iwai T, Kondo I, Kubota T, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, van Tol MJD, Weemaes C, Francastel C, van der Maarel SM, Sasaki H. Corrigendum: Mutations in CDCA7 and HELLS cause immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12003. [PMID: 27328760 PMCID: PMC4917957 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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10
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Lugthart G, Melsen JE, Vervat C, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Corver WE, Roelen DL, van Bergen J, van Tol MJD, Lankester AC, Schilham MW. Human Lymphoid Tissues Harbor a Distinct CD69+CXCR6+ NK Cell Population. J Immunol 2016; 197:78-84. [PMID: 27226093 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of human NK cells is based primarily on conventional CD56(bright) and CD56(dim) NK cells from blood. However, most cellular immune interactions occur in lymphoid organs. Based on the coexpression of CD69 and CXCR6, we identified a third major NK cell subset in lymphoid tissues. This population represents 30-60% of NK cells in marrow, spleen, and lymph node but is absent from blood. CD69(+)CXCR6(+) lymphoid tissue NK cells have an intermediate expression of CD56 and high expression of NKp46 and ICAM-1. In contrast to circulating NK cells, they have a bimodal expression of the activating receptor DNAX accessory molecule 1. CD69(+)CXCR6(+) NK cells do not express the early markers c-kit and IL-7Rα, nor killer cell Ig-like receptors or other late-differentiation markers. After cytokine stimulation, CD69(+)CXCR6(+) NK cells produce IFN-γ at levels comparable to CD56(dim) NK cells. They constitutively express perforin but require preactivation to express granzyme B and exert cytotoxicity. After hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, CD69(+)CXCR6(+) lymphoid tissue NK cells do not exhibit the hyperexpansion observed for both conventional NK cell populations. CD69(+)CXCR6(+) NK cells constitute a separate NK cell population with a distinct phenotype and function. The identification of this NK cell population in lymphoid tissues provides tools to further evaluate the cellular interactions and role of NK cells in human immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertjan Lugthart
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands;
| | - Janine E Melsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Carly Vervat
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | | | - Willem E Corver
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands; and
| | - Dave L Roelen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van Bergen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten J D van Tol
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan C Lankester
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
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11
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van den Boogaard ML, Lemmers RJLF, Balog J, Wohlgemuth M, Auranen M, Mitsuhashi S, van der Vliet PJ, Straasheijm KR, van den Akker RFP, Kriek M, Laurense-Bik MEY, Raz V, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Hansson KBM, van der Kooi EL, Kiuru-Enari S, Udd B, van Tol MJD, Nishino I, Tawil R, Tapscott SJ, van Engelen BGM, van der Maarel SM. Mutations in DNMT3B Modify Epigenetic Repression of the D4Z4 Repeat and the Penetrance of Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 98:1020-1029. [PMID: 27153398 PMCID: PMC4863565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) is associated with somatic chromatin relaxation of the D4Z4 repeat array and derepression of the D4Z4-encoded DUX4 retrogene coding for a germline transcription factor. Somatic DUX4 derepression is caused either by a 1-10 unit repeat-array contraction (FSHD1) or by mutations in SMCHD1, which encodes a chromatin repressor that binds to D4Z4 (FSHD2). Here, we show that heterozygous mutations in DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) are a likely cause of D4Z4 derepression associated with low levels of DUX4 expression from the D4Z4 repeat and increased penetrance of FSHD. Recessive mutations in DNMT3B were previously shown to cause immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome. This study suggests that transcription of DUX4 in somatic cells is modified by variations in its epigenetic state and provides a basis for understanding the reduced penetrance of FSHD within families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard J L F Lemmers
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Judit Balog
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle Wohlgemuth
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mari Auranen
- Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satomi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Patrick J van der Vliet
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kirsten R Straasheijm
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rob F P van den Akker
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Kriek
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marlies E Y Laurense-Bik
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vered Raz
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kerstin B M Hansson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sari Kiuru-Enari
- Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Maarten J D van Tol
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Rabi Tawil
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Stephen J Tapscott
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Silvère M van der Maarel
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
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12
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Pahl JHW, Ruslan SEN, Kwappenberg KMC, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, van Tol MJD, Lankester AC, Schilham MW. Antibody-dependent cell lysis by NK cells is preserved after sarcoma-induced inhibition of NK cell cytotoxicity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:1235-47. [PMID: 23624801 PMCID: PMC11028949 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-013-1406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma tumor cells are susceptible to IL15-induced or antibody-mediated cytolytic activity of NK cells in short-term cytotoxicity assays. When encountering the tumor environment in vivo, NK cells may be in contact with tumor cells for a prolonged time period. We explored whether a prolonged interaction with sarcoma cells can modulate the activation and cytotoxic activity of NK cells. The 40 h coculture of NK cells with sarcoma cells reversibly interfered with the IL15-induced expression of NKG2D, DNAM-1 and NKp30 and inhibited the cytolytic activity of NK cells. The inhibitory effects on receptor expression required physical contact between NK cells and sarcoma cells and were independent of TGF-β. Five days pre-incubation of NK cells with IL15 prevented the down-regulation of NKG2D and cytolytic activity in subsequent cocultures with sarcoma cells. NK cell FcγRIIIa/CD16 receptor expression and antibody-mediated cytotoxicity were not affected after the coculture. Inhibition of NK cell cytotoxicity was directly linked to the down-regulation of the respective NK cell-activating receptors. Our data demonstrate that the inhibitory effects of sarcoma cells on the cytolytic activity of NK cells do not affect the antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and can be prevented by pre-activation of NK cells with IL15. Thus, the combination of cytokine-activated NK cells and monoclonal antibody therapy may be required to improve tumor targeting and NK cell functionality in the tumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens H W Pahl
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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