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Song Y, He J, Guo J, Xie Y, Ma Z, Liu Z, Niu C, Li X, Chu B, Tahir MM, Xu J, Ma F, Guan Q. The chromatin remodeller MdRAD5B enhances drought tolerance by coupling MdLHP1-mediated H3K27me3 in apple. Plant Biotechnol J 2024; 22:617-634. [PMID: 37874929 PMCID: PMC10893944 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
RAD5B belongs to the Rad5/16-like group of the SNF2 family, which often functions in chromatin remodelling. However, whether RAD5B is involved in chromatin remodelling, histone modification, and drought stress tolerance is largely unclear. We identified a drought-inducible chromatin remodeler, MdRAD5B, which positively regulates apple drought tolerance. Transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) analysis showed that MdRAD5B affects the expression of 466 drought-responsive genes through its chromatin remodelling function in response to drought stress. In addition, MdRAD5B interacts with and degrades MdLHP1, a crucial regulator of histone H3 trimethylation at K27 (H3K27me3), through the ubiquitin-independent 20S proteasome. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis revealed that MdRAD5B modulates the H3K27me3 deposition of 615 genes in response to drought stress. Genetic interaction analysis showed that MdRAD5B mediates the H3K27me3 deposition of drought-responsive genes through MdLHP1, which causes their expression changes under drought stress. Our results unravelled a dual function of MdRAD5B in gene expression modulation in apple in response to drought, that is, via the regulation of chromatin remodelling and H3K27me3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Jieqiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Junxing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yinpeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Ziqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Zeyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Chundong Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Baohua Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Jidi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shenzhen Research InstituteNorthwest A&F UniversityShenzhenChina
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Li X, Ma Z, Song Y, Shen W, Yue Q, Khan A, Tahir MM, Wang X, Malnoy M, Ma F, Bus V, Zhou S, Guan Q. Insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying responses of apple trees to abiotic stresses. Hortic Res 2023; 10:uhad144. [PMID: 37575656 PMCID: PMC10421731 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Apple (Malus[Formula: see text]domestica) is a popular temperate fruit crop worldwide. However, its growth, productivity, and quality are often adversely affected by abiotic stresses such as drought, extreme temperature, and high salinity. Due to the long juvenile phase and highly heterozygous genome, the conventional breeding approaches for stress-tolerant cultivars are time-consuming and resource-intensive. These issues may be resolved by feasible molecular breeding techniques for apples, such as gene editing and marker-assisted selection. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire a more comprehensive comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underpinning apples' response to abiotic stress. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress in the molecular response of apples to abiotic stressors, including the gene expression regulation, protein modifications, and epigenetic modifications. We also provide updates on new approaches for improving apple abiotic stress tolerance, while discussing current challenges and future perspectives for apple molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ziqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenyun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qianyu Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Abid Khan
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Mickael Malnoy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige 38098, Italy
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Vincent Bus
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Havelock North 4157, New Zealand
| | - Shuangxi Zhou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Shen X, Ping Y, Bao C, Liu C, Tahir MM, Li X, Song Y, Xu W, Ma F, Guan Q. Mdm-miR160-MdARF17-MdWRKY33 module mediates freezing tolerance in apple. Plant J 2023; 114:262-278. [PMID: 36738108 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Apple (Malus domestica) trees are vulnerable to freezing temperatures. Cold resistance in woody perennial plants can be improved through biotechnological approaches. However, genetic engineering requires a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the tree's response to cold. In this study, we demonstrated that the Mdm-miR160-MdARF17-MdWRKY33 module is crucial for apple freezing tolerance. Mdm-miR160 plays a negative role in apple freezing tolerance, whereas MdARF17, one of the targets of Mdm-miR160, is a positive regulator of apple freezing tolerance. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that in apple, MdARF17 mediates the cold response by influencing the expression of cold-responsive genes. EMSA and ChIP-qPCR assays demonstrated that MdARF17 can bind to the promoter of MdWRKY33 and promotes its expression. Overexpression of MdWRKY33 enhanced the cold tolerance of the apple calli. In addition, we found that the Mdm-miR160-MdARF17-MdWRKY33 module regulates cold tolerance in apple by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, as revealed by (i) increased H2 O2 levels and decreased peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities in Mdm-miR160e OE plants and MdARF17 RNAi plants and (ii) decreased H2 O2 levels and increased POD and CAT activities in MdmARF17 OE plants and MdWRKY33 OE calli. Taken together, our study uncovered the molecular roles of the Mdm-miR160-MdARF17-MdWRKY33 module in freezing tolerance in apple, thus providing support for breeding of cold-tolerant apple cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yikun Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chana Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Weirong Xu
- Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Mao J, Niu C, Li K, Fan L, Liu Z, Li S, Ma D, Tahir MM, Xing L, Zhao C, Ma J, An N, Han M, Ren X, Zhang D. Cytokinin-responsive MdTCP17 interacts with MdWOX11 to repress adventitious root primordium formation in apple rootstocks. Plant Cell 2023; 35:1202-1221. [PMID: 36544357 PMCID: PMC10052379 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Adventitious root (AR) formation plays an important role in vegetatively propagated plants. Cytokinin (CK) inhibits AR formation, but the molecular mechanisms driving this process remain unknown. In this study, we confirmed that CK content is related to AR formation and further revealed that a high auxin/CK ratio was beneficial to AR formation in apple (Malus domestica). A correlation between expression of CK-responsive TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PCF17 (MdTCP17) and AR formation in response to CK was identified, and overexpression of MdTCP17 in transgenic apple inhibited AR formation. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed an interaction between MdTCP17 and WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX11 (MdWOX11), and a significant correlation between the expression of MdWOX11 and AR ability. Overexpression of MdWOX11 promoted AR primordium formation in apple, while interference of MdWOX11 inhibited AR primordium production. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between MdWOX11 and LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN29 (MdLBD29) expression, and yeast one-hybrid, dual luciferase reporter, and ChIP-qPCR assays verified the binding of MdWOX11 to the MdLBD29 promoter with a WOX-box element in the binding sequence. Furthermore, MdTCP17 reduced the binding of MdWOX11 and MdLBD29 promoters, and coexpression of MdTCP17 and MdWOX11 reduced MdLBD29 expression. Together, these results explain the function and molecular mechanism of MdTCP17-mediated CK inhibition of AR primordium formation, which could be used to improve apple rootstocks genetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Mao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Chundong Niu
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Ke Li
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Li Fan
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shaohuan Li
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Doudou Ma
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Libo Xing
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Caiping Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Na An
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Han
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Ren
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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5
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Zhang X, Yang W, Tahir MM, Chen X, Saudreau M, Zhang D, Costes E. Contributions of leaf distribution and leaf functions to photosynthesis and water-use efficiency from leaf to canopy in apple: A comparison of interstocks and cultivars. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1117051. [PMID: 37123856 PMCID: PMC10146243 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1117051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Grafting has been widely used in horticulture to induce dwarfing and avoid stress-derived limitations on plant growth and yield by affecting plant architecture and leaf functions. However, the respective effects on plant photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE) of leaf distribution and functions that depend on both rootstock and scion have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to (i) clarify the scion × interstock impacts on the variability of leaf photosynthetic traits and WUE, and (ii) decipher the respective effects of leaf distribution and functions on canopy photosynthesis and WUE (WUEc). Leaf gas exchange over light gradients and responses to light, CO2, temperature, and vapor pressure deficit were measured in two apple cultivars, 'Liquan Fuji' ('Fuji') and 'Regal Gala' ('Gala'), grafted onto rootstocks combined with interstocks: a vigorous (VV, 'Qinguan'), or a dwarf one (VD, M26). The 3D architecture-based RATP model was parameterized to estimate the canopy photosynthesis rate (Ac ), transpiration rate (E c), and WUEc. Then, virtual scenarios were used to compare the relative contributions of cultivar and interstock to canopy A c, E c, and WUE c. These scenarios changed the leaf distribution and functions of either cultivar or interstock. At the leaf scale, VD trees had significantly higher leaf nitrogen per area but a lower maximum carboxylation rate and dark respiration in both cultivars. In parallel with higher leaf stomatal conductance (gs ) and transpiration in VD 'Fuji' and similar gs in VD 'Gala', VD trees showed significantly lower leaf photosynthesis rate and WUE than VV trees. However, lower leaf photosynthetic capacities in VD trees were compensated at the canopy scale, with A c and WUE c for 'Fuji' significantly improved in VD trees under both sunny and cloudy conditions, and for 'Gala' significantly improved in VD trees under cloudy conditions compared with VV trees. Switching scenarios highlighted that 'Gala' leaf functions and distribution and VD leaf distributions enhanced A c and WUE c simultaneously, irrespective of weather conditions. Up-scaling leaf gas exchange to the canopy scale by utilizing 3D architecture-based modeling and reliable measurements of tree architecture and leaf functional traits provides insights to explore the influence of genetic materials and tree management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- College of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- College of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Weiwei Yang,
| | | | - Xilong Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Marc Saudreau
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Evelyne Costes
- UMR AGAP Institute, University of Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, CIRAD, Equipe ‘Architecture et Floraison des Especes Fruiteres’, Montpellier, France
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Tahir MM, Tong L, Fan L, Liu Z, Li S, Zhang X, Li K, Shao Y, Zhang D, Mao J. Insights into the complicated networks contribute to adventitious rooting in transgenic MdWOX11 apple microshoots under nitrate treatments. Plant Cell Environ 2022; 45:3134-3156. [PMID: 35902247 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Adventitious root formation is a bottleneck for the mass propagation of microshoots, and nitrate is an essential nutrient regulating adventitious roots. WOX11 is involved in adventitious rooting. But the crosstalk between nitrate and WOX11 is completely unknown. In this study, MdWOX11 transgenic apple microshoots were grown on different nitrate treatments. Low nitrate promotes adventitious rooting in overexpressed microshoots more than wild type and RNA interference microshoots. In contrast, medium nitrate significantly inhibits it in overexpressed and RNA interference microshoots compared with wild type microshoots. Stem anatomy indicated that medium nitrate delays root primordia formation compared with low nitrate. Methyl jasmonate and zeatin riboside played positive and negative roles in adventitious rooting, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the phenotypes better. Hormone signalling, sugar metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, cell cycle and root development pathway-related genes were selected for their potential involvement in adventitious rooting. Results suggest that nitrogen signaling and MdWOX11 expression affect cytokinin accumulation and response to cytokinin through regulating the expression of genes related to cytokinin synthesis and transduction pathways, which ultimately affect adventitious rooting. This study provided important insights into the complicated networks involved in adventitious rooting in transgenic microshoots under nitrate treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lu Tong
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Li Fan
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shaohuan Li
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- Agricultural College, The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ke Li
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yun Shao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jiangping Mao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of the National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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Niu C, Jiang L, Cao F, Liu C, Guo J, Zhang Z, Yue Q, Hou N, Liu Z, Li X, Tahir MM, He J, Li Z, Li C, Ma F, Guan Q. Methylation of a MITE insertion in the MdRFNR1-1 promoter is positively associated with its allelic expression in apple in response to drought stress. Plant Cell 2022; 34:3983-4006. [PMID: 35897144 PMCID: PMC9520589 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are widely distributed in the plant genome and can be methylated. However, whether DNA methylation of MITEs is associated with induced allelic expression and drought tolerance is unclear. Here, we identified the drought-inducible MdRFNR1 (root-type ferredoxin-NADP+ oxidoreductase) gene in apple (Malus domestica). MdRFNR1 plays a positive role in drought tolerance by regulating the redox system, including increasing NADP+ accumulation and catalase and peroxidase activities and decreasing NADPH levels. Sequence analysis identified a MITE insertion (MITE-MdRF1) in the promoter of MdRFNR1-1 but not the MdRFNR1-2 allele. MdRFNR1-1 but not MdRFNR1-2 expression was significantly induced by drought stress, which was positively associated with the MITE-MdRF1 insertion and its DNA methylation. The methylated MITE-MdRF1 is recognized by the transcriptional anti-silencing factors MdSUVH1 and MdSUVH3, which recruit the DNAJ domain-containing proteins MdDNAJ1, MdDNAJ2, and MdDNAJ5, thereby activating MdRFNR1-1 expression under drought stress. Finally, we showed that MdSUVH1 and MdDNAJ1 are positive regulators of drought tolerance. These findings illustrate the molecular roles of methylated MITE-MdRF1 (which is recognized by the MdSUVH-MdDNAJ complex) in induced MdRFNR1-1 expression as well as the drought response of apple and shed light on the molecular mechanisms of natural variation in perennial trees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Junxing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zitong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qianyu Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Nan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zeyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jieqiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Liu Y, Gao XH, Tong L, Liu MZ, Zhou XK, Tahir MM, Xing LB, Ma JJ, An N, Zhao CP, Yao JL, Zhang D. Multi-omics analyses reveal MdMYB10 hypermethylation being responsible for a bud sport of apple fruit color. Hortic Res 2022; 9:uhac179. [PMID: 36338840 PMCID: PMC9627520 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Apple bud sports offer a rich resource for clonal selection of numerous elite cultivars. The accumulation of somatic mutations as plants develop may potentially impact the emergence of bud sports. Previous studies focused on somatic mutation in the essential genes associated with bud sports. However, the rate and function of genome-wide somatic mutations that accumulate when a bud sport arises remain unclear. In this study, we identified a branch from a 10-year-old tree of the apple cultivar 'Oregon Spur II' as a bud sport. The mutant branch showed reduced red coloration on fruit skin. Using this plant material, we assembled a high-quality haplotype reference genome consisting of 649.61 Mb sequences with a contig N50 value of 2.04 Mb. We then estimated the somatic mutation rate of the apple tree to be 4.56 × 10 -8 per base per year, and further identified 253 somatic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including five non-synonymous SNPs, between the original type and mutant samples. Transcriptome analyses showed that 69 differentially expressed genes between the original type and mutant fruit skin were highly correlated with anthocyanin content. DNA methylation in the promoter of five anthocyanin-associated genes was increased in the mutant compared with the original type as determined using DNA methylation profiling. Among the genetic and epigenetic factors that directly and indirectly influence anthocyanin content in the mutant apple fruit skin, the hypermethylated promoter of MdMYB10 is important. This study indicated that numerous somatic mutations accumulated at the emergence of a bud sport from a genome-wide perspective, some of which contribute to the low coloration of the bud sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiu-hua Gao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Tong
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mei-zi Liu
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li-bo Xing
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan-juan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na An
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cai-ping Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia-Long Yao
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Jiang L, Shen W, Liu C, Tahir MM, Li X, Zhou S, Ma F, Guan Q. Engineering drought-tolerant apple by knocking down six GH3 genes and potential application of transgenic apple as a rootstock. Hortic Res 2022; 9:uhac122. [PMID: 35937857 PMCID: PMC9347023 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Drought poses a major threat to apple fruit production and quality. Because of the apple's long juvenile phase, developing varieties with improved drought tolerance using biotechnology approaches is needed. Here, we used the RNAi approach to knock down six GH3 genes in the apple. Under prolonged drought stress, the MdGH3 RNAi plants performed better than wild-type plants and had stronger root systems, higher root-to-shoot ratio, greater hydraulic conductivity, increased photosynthetic capacity, and increased water use efficiency. Moreover, MdGH3 RNAi plants promoted the drought tolerance of the scion when they were used as rootstock, compared with wild-type and M9-T337 rootstocks. Scions grafted onto MdGH3 RNAi plants showed increased plant height, stem diameter, photosynthetic capacity, specific leaf weight, and water use efficiency. The use of MdGH3 RNAi plants as rootstocks can also increase the C/N ratio of the scion and achieve the same effect as the M9-T337 rootstock in promoting the flowering and fruiting of the scion. Notably, using MdGH3 RNAi plants as rootstocks did not reduce fruit weight and scion quality compared with using M9-T337 rootstock. Our research provides candidate genes and demonstrates a general approach that could be used to improve the drought tolerance of fruit trees without sacrificing the yield and quality of scion fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuangxi Zhou
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Hawke’s Bay 4130, New Zealand
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Hou N, Li C, He J, Liu Y, Yu S, Malnoy M, Mobeen Tahir M, Xu L, Ma F, Guan Q. MdMTA-mediated m 6 A modification enhances drought tolerance by promoting mRNA stability and translation efficiency of genes involved in lignin deposition and oxidative stress. New Phytol 2022; 234:1294-1314. [PMID: 35246985 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although the N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) modification is the most prevalent RNA modification in eukaryotes, the global m6 A modification landscape and its molecular regulatory mechanism in response to drought stress remain unclear. Transcriptome-wide m6 A methylome profiling revealed that m6 A is mainly enriched in the coding sequence and 3' untranslated region in response to drought stress in apple, by recognizing the plant-specific sequence motif UGUAH (H=A, U or C). We identified a catalytically active component of the m6 A methyltransferase complex, MdMTA. An in vitro methyl transfer assay, dot blot, LC-MS/MS and m6 A-sequencing (m6 A-seq) suggested that MdMTA is an m6 A writer and essential for m6 A mRNA modification. Further studies revealed that MdMTA is required for apple drought tolerance. m6 A-seq and RNA-seq analyses under drought conditions showed that MdMTA mediates m6 A modification and transcripts of mRNAs involved in oxidative stress and lignin deposition. Moreover, m6 A modification promotes mRNA stability and the translation efficiency of these genes in response to drought stress. Consistently, MdMTA enhances lignin deposition and scavenging of reactive oxygen species under drought conditions. Our results reveal the global involvement of m6 A modification in the drought response of perennial apple trees and illustrate its molecular mechanisms, thereby providing candidate genes for the breeding of stress-tolerant apple cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chaoshuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jieqiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Sisi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mickael Malnoy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Italy
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Lingfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Li K, Tian H, Tahir MM, Li S, Chen S, Fan L, Liu Z, Mao J, Zhang D. Transcriptome analysis reveals that cytokinins inhibit adventitious root formation through the MdRR12-MdCRF8 module in apple rootstock. Plant Sci 2022; 318:111220. [PMID: 35351311 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adventitious root (AR) formation is great significance for apple rootstock breeding. Transcriptome analyses were performed with cytokinins (CTKs) signal treatments to analyze the mechanism of AR formation. The results showed that 6-benzyadenine (6-BA) treatment inhibited AR formation. Histological analysis also observed that AR primordium cell formation was significantly suppressed by 6-BA treatment; the ratio of auxin/cytokinins exhibited the lowest values at 1 and 3 day (d) in the 6-BA treatment group. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes were divided into five categories, including auxin, cytokinins, other hormones, cell cycle, and carbohydrate metabolism pathways. Due to the study of cytokinins signal treatment, it is important to understand the particular module mediated by the cytokinins pathway. The expression level of MdRR12 (a family member of B-type cytokinins-responsive factors) was significantly upregulated at 3 d by 6-BA treatment. Compared to the wild type, the 35S::MdRR12 transgenic tobaccos suppressed AR formation. The promoter sequence of MdCRF8 contains AGATT motif elements that respond to MdRR12. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR assays predicted cytokinins response factor (MdCRF8) to be a downstream gene regulated by MdRR12. The activity of the pro-MdCRF8-GUS promoter was obviously induced by 6-BA treatment and inhibited by lovastatin (Lov) treatment. Yeast one-hybrid, dual-luciferase reporter, and GUS coexpression assays revealed that MdRR12 could directly bind to the MdCRF8 promoter. Additionally, 35S::MdCRF8 transgenic tobaccos also blocked AR growth. Compared to the wild type, 35S::MdRR12 and 35S::MdCRF8 transgenic tobaccos enhanced sensitivity to cytokinins. Thus, we describe that MdRR12 and MdCRF8 function as integrators of cytokinins signals that affect cell cycle- and carbohydrate metabolism-related genes to regulate cell fate transition during AR formation. On the basis of these results, we concluded that the MdRR12-MdCRF8 module is involved in the negative regulation of AR formation in apple rootstock and can potentially be applied in agriculture using genetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, P.R. China.
| | - Huiyue Tian
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, P.R. China.
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, P.R. China.
| | - Shaohuan Li
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, P.R. China.
| | - Shiyue Chen
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, P.R. China.
| | - Li Fan
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, P.R. China.
| | - Zhimin Liu
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, P.R. China.
| | - Jiangping Mao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, P.R. China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, P.R. China.
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Mao J, Ma D, Niu C, Ma X, Li K, Tahir MM, Chen S, Liu X, Zhang D. Transcriptome analysis reveals the regulatory mechanism by which MdWOX11 suppresses adventitious shoot formation in apple. Hortic Res 2022; 9:uhac080. [PMID: 35669707 PMCID: PMC9160730 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Adventitious shoot (AS) regeneration accelerates plant reproduction and genetic transformation. WOX11 is involved in many biological processes, but its regulation of AS regeneration has not been reported. Here, we showed that the genotype and CK/IAA ratio of apple leaves were the key factors that affected their capacity for AS formation. Moreover, the expression level of MdWOX11 was negatively correlated with the capacity for AS formation. Phenotypic analysis of MdWOX11 transgenic plants showed that overexpression of MdWOX11 inhibited AS formation. Endogenous hormone analysis demonstrated that the contents of auxin (IAA), cytokinin (CK), and abscisic acid (ABA) were higher in MdWOX11-RNAi plants than in MdWOX11-OE transgenic plants. We used RNA sequencing to examine the transcriptional responses of genes in MdWOX11-RNAi and MdWOX11-OE transgenic apple plants at different AS stages. We identified 8066 differentially expressed genes and focused our analysis on those involved in the IAA, CK, ABA, and gibberellin (GA) hormone signaling pathways. The expression of genes related to the CK signaling pathway and shoot development was higher in GL-3 than in MdWOX11-OE transgenic plants during the callus and AS emergence stages. However, the expression of MdCKX5 was higher in MdWOX11-OE transgenic plants than in GL3 and MdWOX11-RNAi transgenic plants. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays, dual-luciferase reporter assays, and ChIP-qPCR showed that MdWOX11 binds to the promoter of MdCKX5, and a dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that MdWOX11 enhanced the promoter activity of MdCKX5. We concluded that MdCKX5 acts downstream of MdWOX11 to control AS formation, and we built a regulatory model of the suppression of AS formation by MdWOX11 in apple.
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13
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Li S, Tahir MM, Wu T, Xie L, Zhang X, Mao J, Ayyoub A, Xing L, Zhang D, Shao Y. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Multiple Genes and Complex Hormonal-Mediated Interactions with PEG during Adventitious Root Formation in Apple. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020976. [PMID: 35055162 PMCID: PMC8779459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adventitious root (AR) formation is a bottleneck for the mass propagation of apple rootstocks, and water stress severely restricts it. Different hormones and sugar signaling pathways in apple clones determine AR formation under water stress, but these are not entirely understood. To identify them, GL-3 stem cuttings were cultured on polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment. The AR formation was dramatically decreased compared with the PEG-free control (CK) cuttings by increasing the endogenous contents of abscisic acid (ABA), zeatin riboside (ZR), and methyl jasmonate (JA-me) and reducing the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid 3 (GA3) contents. We performed a transcriptomic analysis to identify the responses behind the phenotype. A total of 3204 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between CK and PEG, with 1702 upregulated and 1502 downregulated genes. Investigation revealed that approximately 312 DEGs were strongly enriched in hormone signaling, sugar metabolism, root development, and cell cycle-related pathways. Thus, they were selected for their possible involvement in adventitious rooting. However, the higher accumulation of ABA, ZR, and JA-me contents and the upregulation of their related genes, as well as the downregulation of sugar metabolism-related genes, lead to the inhibition of ARs. These results indicate that AR formation is a complicated biological process chiefly influenced by multiple hormonal signaling pathways and sugar metabolism. This is the first study to demonstrate how PEG inhibits AR formation in apple plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohuan Li
- Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.L.); (M.M.T.); (T.W.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (L.X.)
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.L.); (M.M.T.); (T.W.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (L.X.)
| | - Tong Wu
- Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.L.); (M.M.T.); (T.W.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (L.X.)
| | - Lingling Xie
- Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.L.); (M.M.T.); (T.W.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (L.X.)
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China;
| | - Jiangping Mao
- Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.L.); (M.M.T.); (T.W.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (L.X.)
| | - Anam Ayyoub
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Libo Xing
- Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.L.); (M.M.T.); (T.W.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (L.X.)
| | - Dong Zhang
- Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.L.); (M.M.T.); (T.W.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (L.X.)
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yun Shao
- Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement, College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (S.L.); (M.M.T.); (T.W.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (L.X.)
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (Y.S.)
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14
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Zhang X, Tahir MM, Li S, Mao J, Nawaz MA, Liu Y, Li K, Xing L, Niu J, Zhang D. Transcriptome analysis reveals the inhibitory nature of high nitrate during adventitious roots formation in the apple rootstock. Physiol Plant 2021; 173:867-882. [PMID: 34142369 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the process of vegetative propagation of apple rootstocks, the development of adventitious roots (ARs) has crucial importance. Nitrate is an essential nutrient necessary for plant growth; however, the inhibitory effect of high nitrate on ARs formation has not been explored. The physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying ARs inhibition were examined in this study. Stem cuttings of B9 apple rootstock were cultured on two nitrate treatments (T1 = 18.7 mM L-1 and T2 = 37.5 mM L-1 ), where T2 was identified as ARs inhibiting treatment. Morphological and anatomical observations advocating that high availability of nitrate inhibited AR formation by delaying the ARs initiation and emergence stages, where the root number was 287%, and the length was 604.6% lower than the T1 cuttings. Moreover, the contents of endogenous hormones were also elevated in response to T2 at most of the time points, which may cause a hormonal imbalance within the plant body and drive toward ARs inhibition. Furthermore, 3686 genes were differentially expressed by high-throughput sequencing. Out of these, 1797 genes were upregulated, and 1889 genes were downregulated. Approximately 238 genes related to nitrate, hormones, root development, and cell-cycle induction pathways were selected according to their potential to be involved in ARs regulation. This is the first study providing information regarding the inhibitory effect of high nitrate on ARs formation in apple rootstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- College of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Shaohuan Li
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiangping Mao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Muhammad Azher Nawaz
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Ke Li
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Libo Xing
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianxin Niu
- College of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
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Tahir MM, Chen S, Ma X, Li S, Zhang X, Shao Y, Shalmani A, Zhao C, Bao L, Zhang D. Transcriptome analysis reveals the promotive effect of potassium by hormones and sugar signaling pathways during adventitious roots formation in the apple rootstock. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 165:123-136. [PMID: 34038809 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Apples are economically valuable and widely consumed fruits. The adventitious roots (ARs) formation is gridlock for apple trees mass propagation. The possible function of multiple hormones and sugar signaling pathways regulating ARs formation has not been completely understood in apple. In this study, B9 stem cuttings were treated with KCl treatment, where the highest root numbers (220) and maximum root length of 731.2 cm were noticed in KCl-treated cuttings, which were 98.2% and 215% higher than control cuttings. The content of endogenous hormones: IAA, ZR, JA, GA, and ABA were detected higher in response to KCl at most time-points. To figure out the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect, we investigated transcriptome analysis. In total, 4631 DEGs were determined, from which about 202 DEGs were considerably enriched in pathways associated with hormone signaling, sugar metabolism, root development, and cell cycle-related and were thereupon picked out on their potential involvements in ARs formation. Though, IAA accumulation and up-regulation of various genes contribute to induce AR formation. These results suggest that AR formation is a complex biological process in apple rootstocks, influenced mainly by the auxin signaling pathway and sugar metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shiyue Chen
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shaohuan Li
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- College of Agriculture, The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi University, 832003, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yun Shao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Caiping Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lu Bao
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Yangling Subsidiary Center Project of the National Apple Improvement Center, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Shalmani A, Ullah U, Muhammad I, Zhang D, Sharif R, Jia P, Saleem N, Gul N, Rakhmanova A, Tahir MM, Chen KM, An N. The TAZ domain-containing proteins play important role in the heavy metals stress biology in plants. Environ Res 2021; 197:111030. [PMID: 33774015 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding) zinc finger domains, also known as transcription adaptor putative zinc finger domains, that control diverse function in plant growth and development. Here, in the present study, we evaluated the role of the TAZ domain-containing gene in response to various heavy metals. Initially, we found a total of 3, 7, 8, 9, 9, 9, 7, 14, 6, 10, and 6 proteins containing TAZ domain in stiff brome, millet, sorghum, potato, pepper, maize, rice, apple, peach, pear, and tomato genome that could trigger the plant resistance against various heavy metals, respectively. Various in-silico approaches were applied such as duplication, phylogenetic analysis, and gene structure, to understand the basic features of the TAZ domain-containing genes in plants. Gene expression analyses were also performed under heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Ni, Cd, Co, Fe, Mn, and Pb). The results of quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that the TAZ gene family members were differentially expressed under different heavy metals. We further characterized the functions of the TAZ domain-containing gene under the heavy metal stresses by overexpressing the OsTAZ4 gene in Arabidopsis. The TAZ genes could promote plant resistance against various heavy metals by interacting with OsMYB34 and OsFHA9 transcription factors. The results will contribute to elucidate the relationship of TAZ proteins with heavy metals stresses and also ascertain the biological function in plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Shalmani
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Uzair Ullah
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Manshera, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Izhar Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China; College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Rahat Sharif
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.
| | - Peng Jia
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Noor Saleem
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Nazish Gul
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Manshera, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Aizhan Rakhmanova
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Na An
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
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17
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Zuo X, Wang S, Xiang W, Yang H, Tahir MM, Zheng S, An N, Han M, Zhao C, Zhang D. Genome-wide identification of the 14-3-3 gene family and its participation in floral transition by interacting with TFL1/FT in apple. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:41. [PMID: 33419402 PMCID: PMC7796649 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is a popular cultivated fruit crop with high economic value in China. Apple floral transition is an important process but liable to be affected by various environmental factors. The 14-3-3 proteins are involved in regulating diverse biological processes in plants, and some 14-3-3 members play vital roles in flowering. However, little information was available about the 14-3-3 members in apple. RESULTS In the current study, we identified eighteen 14-3-3 gene family members from the apple genome database, designated MdGF14a to MdGF14r. The isoforms possess a conserved core region comprising nine antiparallel α-helices and divergent N and C termini. According to their structural and phylogenetic features, Md14-3-3 proteins could be classified into two major evolutionary branches, the epsilon (ɛ) group and the non-epsilon (non-ɛ) group. Moreover, expression profiles derived from transcriptome data and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis showed diverse expression patterns of Md14-3-3 genes in various tissues and in response to different sugars and hormone treatments during the floral transition phase. Four Md14-3-3 isoforms (MdGF14a, MdGF14d, MdGF14i, and MdGF14j) exhibiting prominent transcriptional responses to sugars and hormones were selected for further investigation. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments showed that the four Md14-3-3 proteins interact with key floral integrators, MdTFL1 (TERMINAL FLOWER1) and MdFT (FLOWERING LOCUS T). Subcellular localization of four selected Md14-3-3 proteins demonstrated their localization in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. CONCLUSION We identified the Md14-3-3 s family in apple comprehensively. Certain Md14-3-3 genes are expressed predominantly during the apple floral transition stage, and may participate in the regulation of flowering through association with flower control genes. Our results provide a preliminary framework for further investigation into the roles of Md14-3-3 s in floral transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Zuo
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Wen Xiang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Huiru Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | | | - Shangong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Na An
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mingyu Han
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Caiping Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Shah K, An N, Kamanova S, Chen L, Jia P, Zhang C, Mobeen Tahir M, Han M, Ding Y, Ren X, Xing L. Regulation of Flowering Time by Improving Leaf Health Markers and Expansion by Salicylic Acid Treatment: A New Approach to Induce Flowering in Malus domestica. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:655974. [PMID: 34349772 PMCID: PMC8328039 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.655974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In the external coincidence model, internal and external molecular signals, provided by the circadian clock and sunlight, respectively, are required to induce flowering. Salicylic acid (SA) applications during floral induction have multiple effects. In the current study, Malus × domestica plants were exposed to SA during the flower-induction stage to analyze the effect on various health markers and flowering. A total of 56 equal-sized Fuji/M9 trees that were about 7 years old were randomly divided into two groups. The first group (SA-treated) was sprayed with 4 mM SA solution, while the second group was sprayed with distilled water which served as control (CK). The SA applications increased various leaf pigments. Abiotic stress markers were increased in CK during the flower-induction stage. In the SA-treated group, non-enzymatic antioxidants increased, whereas in the control group, enzymatic antioxidants increased during the flower-induction stage. Histo-morphometric properties of leaves were significantly improved in the SA-treated group. The relative expression of the mRNA levels of MdMED80, -81, -3, and -41 were significantly increased in SA-treated leaves, leading to an early and increased flowering phenotype. Thus, SA increased leaf expansion and health-related marker levels, which lead to early induction of flowering in M. domestica. Overall, our work established a role for leaf health assessments in the regulation of flowering in M. domestica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Shah
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na An
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Svetlana Kamanova
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Jia
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenguang Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Mingyu Han
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Mingyu Han,
| | - Yuduan Ding
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Yuduan Ding,
| | - Xiaolin Ren
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Xiaolin Ren,
| | - Libo Xing
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Libo Xing,
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Mao J, Niu C, Li K, Chen S, Tahir MM, Han M, Zhang D. Melatonin promotes adventitious root formation in apple by promoting the function of MdWOX11. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:536. [PMID: 33243138 PMCID: PMC7690037 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin (MT) is important for plant growth and development; however, it is not known whether MT is involved in apple adventitious root (AR) development. In this study, we treated Malus prunifolia (MP) at four different stages of AR development, and analyzed the level of the endogenous hormones MT, auxin (IAA), zeatin-riboside (ZR), abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellins (GA1 + 3) in all four treatment groups and the untreated control group. The expression of MT, IAA biosynthesis, transport and signal transduction, the cell cycle, and root development related genes were quantified by RT-qPCR. The function of MdWOX11 was analyzed in transgenic apple plants. RESULTS The promotion of AR development by MT was dependent on the stage of AR induction between 0 and 2 d in apple rootstocks. MT-treatment increased the level of IAA and crosstalk existed between MT and IAA during AR formation. The expression of MdWOX11 was induced by MT treatment and positively regulated AR formation in apple. Furthermore, transgenic lines that overexpressed MdWOX11 lines produced more ARs than 'GL3'. Phenotypic analysis indicated that MdWOX11 overexpression lines were more sensitive to exogenous MT treatment than 'GL3', suggesting that MdWOX11 regulates AR formation in response to MT in apple rootstock. CONCLUSIONS MT promotes AR formation mainly during the AR induction stage by inducing IAA levels and upregulating MdWOX11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Mao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
- College of Life Science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chundong Niu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ke Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shiyue Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mingyu Han
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- College of Life Science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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20
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Mao J, Niu C, Li K, Chen S, Tahir MM, Han M, Zhang D. Melatonin promotes adventitious root formation in apple by promoting the function of MdWOX11. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:536. [PMID: 33243138 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-29239/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin (MT) is important for plant growth and development; however, it is not known whether MT is involved in apple adventitious root (AR) development. In this study, we treated Malus prunifolia (MP) at four different stages of AR development, and analyzed the level of the endogenous hormones MT, auxin (IAA), zeatin-riboside (ZR), abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellins (GA1 + 3) in all four treatment groups and the untreated control group. The expression of MT, IAA biosynthesis, transport and signal transduction, the cell cycle, and root development related genes were quantified by RT-qPCR. The function of MdWOX11 was analyzed in transgenic apple plants. RESULTS The promotion of AR development by MT was dependent on the stage of AR induction between 0 and 2 d in apple rootstocks. MT-treatment increased the level of IAA and crosstalk existed between MT and IAA during AR formation. The expression of MdWOX11 was induced by MT treatment and positively regulated AR formation in apple. Furthermore, transgenic lines that overexpressed MdWOX11 lines produced more ARs than 'GL3'. Phenotypic analysis indicated that MdWOX11 overexpression lines were more sensitive to exogenous MT treatment than 'GL3', suggesting that MdWOX11 regulates AR formation in response to MT in apple rootstock. CONCLUSIONS MT promotes AR formation mainly during the AR induction stage by inducing IAA levels and upregulating MdWOX11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Mao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
- College of Life Science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chundong Niu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ke Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shiyue Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mingyu Han
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- College of Life Science, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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21
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Shalmani A, Muhammad I, Sharif R, Zhao C, Ullah U, Zhang D, Jing XQ, Amin B, Jia P, Mobeen Tahir M, Xu Z, Chen KM, An N. Zinc Finger-Homeodomain Genes: Evolution, Functional Differentiation, and Expression Profiling Under Flowering-Related Treatments and Abiotic Stresses in Plants. Evol Bioinform Online 2019; 15:1176934319867930. [PMID: 31523124 PMCID: PMC6728664 DOI: 10.1177/1176934319867930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger-homeodomain (ZHD) proteins constitute a plant-specific transcription
factor family that play important roles in plant growth, development, and stress
responses. In this study, we investigated a total of 10, 17, and 31
ZHD gene members in the peach,
Arabidopsis, and apple genome, respectively. The phylogenetic
tree divided the identified ZHD genes into 4 subfamilies based on their domain
organization, gene structure, and motif distribution with minor variations. The
ZHD gene family members were unevenly distributed throughout in apple, peach,
and Arabidopsis genomes. Segmental duplication was observed for
14 pairs of genes in apple. Transcript analysis found that ZHD genes mostly
expressed in various tissues, particularly in leaves and flowers. Moreover, the
transcript of most ZHD genes was significantly affected at different time points
in response to various flowering-related exogenous hormones (sugar, gibberellin
[GA], and 6-benzylaminopurine [6-BA]), signifying their possible role in the
flowering induction in apple. Furthermore, the transcripts of CaZHD6,
CaZHD7, CaZHD3, and CaZHD8 have induced in
response to abiotic stresses including heat, drought, salt, and cold, indicating
their possible involvement in response to abiotic stresses. Our research work
systemically presents the different roles of ZHD genes. We
believe that this study will provide a platform for future functional
characterization of ZHD genes and to deeply unfold their roles
in the regulation of flowering induction in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Shalmani
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Izhar Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Rahat Sharif
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - CaiPing Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Uzair Ullah
- Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiu-Qing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bakht Amin
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peng Jia
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | | | - Ze Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Na An
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Fan S, Gao X, Gao C, Yang Y, Zhu X, Feng W, Li R, Mobeen Tahir M, Zhang D, Han M, An N. Dynamic Cytosine DNA Methylation Patterns Associated with mRNA and siRNA Expression Profiles in Alternate Bearing Apple Trees. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:5250-5264. [PMID: 31008599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cytosine DNA methylation plays an important role in plants: it can mediate gene expression to affect plant growth and development. However, little is known about the potential involvement of cytosine DNA methylation in apple trees as well as in response to alternate bearing. Here, we performed whole-genome bisulfate sequencing to investigate genomic CG, CHG, and CHH methylation patterns, together with their global mRNA accumulation and small RNA expression in "Fuji" apple trees. Results showed that "Fuji" apple trees have a higher CHH methylation than Arabidopsis. Moreover, genomic methylation analysis revealed that CG and CHG methylation were robustly maintained at the early stage of flower induction. Additionally, differentially methylated regions (DMRs), including hypermethylated and hypomethylated DMRs, were also characterized in alternate bearing (AB) apple trees. Intriguingly, the DMRs were enriched in hormones, redox state, and starch and sucrose metabolism, which affected flowering. Further global gene expression evaluation based on methylome analysis revealed a negative correlation between gene body methylation and gene expression. Subsequent small RNA analyses showed that 24-nucleotide small interfering RNAs were activated and maintained in non-CG methylated apple trees. Our whole-genome DNA methylation analysis and RNA and small RNA expression profile construction provide valuable information for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Fan
- College of Horticulture , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Xiuhua Gao
- College of Horticulture , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Cai Gao
- College of Horticulture , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Yang Yang
- Innovation Experimental College , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Xinzheng Zhu
- Innovation Experimental College , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Wei Feng
- Innovation Experimental College , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Ruimin Li
- College of Horticulture , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Mingyu Han
- College of Horticulture , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
| | - Na An
- College of Horticulture , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
- College of Life Science , Northwest A&F University , Yangling 712100 , Shaanxi , China
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Mohd.Sam AR, Al-Ghaifi HAA, Ahmad Norain AM, Abu Bakar S, Tahir MM, Abd Khalid NH, Mohamed A, Basar N. Effectiveness of tropical soil bacteria as self-healing agent in concrete. IOP Conf Ser : Earth Environ Sci 2019; 220:012049. [DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/220/1/012049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Fan S, Zhang D, Zhang L, Gao C, Xin M, Tahir MM, Li Y, Ma J, Han M. Comprehensive analysis of GASA family members in the Malus domestica genome: identification, characterization, and their expressions in response to apple flower induction. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:827. [PMID: 29078754 PMCID: PMC5658915 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant-specific gibberellic acid stimulated Arabidopsis (GASA) gene family is critical for plant development. However, little is known about these genes, particularly in fruit tree species. RESULTS We identified 15 putative Arabidopsis thaliana GASA (AtGASA) and 26 apple GASA (MdGASA) genes. The identified genes were then characterized (e.g., chromosomal location, structure, and evolutionary relationships). All of the identified A. thaliana and apple GASA proteins included a conserved GASA domain and exhibited similar characteristics. Specifically, the MdGASA expression levels in various tissues and organs were analyzed based on an online gene expression profile and by qRT-PCR. These genes were more highly expressed in the leaves, buds, and fruits compared with the seeds, roots, and seedlings. MdGASA genes were also responsive to gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic acid treatments. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing results revealed seven potential flowering-related MdGASA genes. We analyzed the expression levels of these genes in response to flowering-related treatments (GA3, 6-benzylaminopurine, and sugar) and in apple varieties that differed in terms of flowering ('Nagafu No. 2' and 'Yanfu No. 6') during the flower induction period. These candidate MdGASA genes exhibited diverse expression patterns. The expression levels of six MdGASA genes were inhibited by GA3, while the expression of one gene was up-regulated. Additionally, there were expression-level differences induced by the 6-benzylaminopurine and sugar treatments during the flower induction stage, as well as in the different flowering varieties. CONCLUSION This study represents the first comprehensive investigation of the A. thaliana and apple GASA gene families. Our data may provide useful clues for future studies and may support the hypotheses regarding the role of GASA proteins during the flower induction stage in fruit tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Fan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai Gao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Xin
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Youmei Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Han
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
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Mahmood S, Beetz C, Tahir MM, Imran M, Mumtaz R, Bassmann I, Jahic A, Malik M, Nürnberg G, Hassan SAA, Rana S, Nürnberg P, Hübner CA. First HPSE2 missense mutation in urofacial syndrome. Clin Genet 2011; 81:88-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01649.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tahir MM, Bigrigg MA, Browning JJ, Brookes ST, Smith PA. A randomised controlled trial comparing transvaginal ultrasound, outpatient hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy with inpatient hysteroscopy and curettage. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1999; 106:1259-64. [PMID: 10609719 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08179.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the use of outpatient and inpatient procedures in the investigation of abnormal uterine bleeding. DESIGN A randomised controlled trial. SETTING Two university teaching hospitals. PARTICIPANTS Four hundred women with abnormal uterine bleeding (postmenopausal bleeding, menorrhagia, intermenstrual bleeding, postcoital bleeding, or irregular periods) above the age of 35 years, between June 1993 and January 1995. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES 1. Incidence of detection of abnormal pathology by vaginal ultrasound, outpatient hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy compared with inpatient hysteroscopy and curettage; 2. Number of 'lesions' (e.g. fibroids, polyps, endometrial hyperplasia or malignancy) found by hysteroscopy that would have been missed by the combination of endometrial sampling and ultrasound; 3. Comparison of the quality of tissue obtained for histology by outpatient endometrial sampling and inpatient curettage; and 4. An evaluation of patient acceptability of outpatient and inpatient procedures. RESULTS 1. A combination of transvaginal sonography, Pipelle endometrial biopsy and outpatient hysteroscopy has similar efficacy to inpatient hysteroscopy and curettage for the investigation of abnormal uterine bleeding; 2. Hysteroscopy will detect some fibroids and polyps missed by a combination of transvaginal ultrasound and Pipelle endometrial sampling; 3. The quality of histological samples obtained by outpatient Pipelle were comparable to those obtained by formal inpatient curettage; and 4. Outpatient procedures were well tolerated, with good patient acceptability. CONCLUSION Transvaginal sonography and endometrial biopsy can safely be used as the initial investigations in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding. Hysteroscopy can be used as a second line investigation. Outpatient hysteroscopy with local anaesthesia is well tolerated although general anesthesia may occasionally be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Tahir
- Department of Women's Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol
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