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Marrodan M, Acosta J, Alessandro L, Fernandez V, Carnero Contentti E, Arakaki N, Kohler A, Fiol M, Ameriso S, Correale J. Clinical and imaging features distinguishing Susac syndrome from primary angiitis of the central nervous system. J Neurol Sci 2018; 395:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Marrodan M, Correale J, Alessandro L, Arakaki N, Rennebohm R, Kohler AA, Fiol MP. Gastrointestinal compromise in Susac Syndrome. J Neurol Sci 2017; 379:318-320. [PMID: 28716271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Marrodan
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Raúl Carrea, Fundación para la lucha de las enfermedades neurológicas de la infancia (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - J Correale
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Raúl Carrea, Fundación para la lucha de las enfermedades neurológicas de la infancia (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Alessandro
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Raúl Carrea, Fundación para la lucha de las enfermedades neurológicas de la infancia (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Arakaki
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Neurological Research Raúl Carrea, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Rennebohm
- Susac Syndrome Consultation Service, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - A A Kohler
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Raúl Carrea, Fundación para la lucha de las enfermedades neurológicas de la infancia (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M P Fiol
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Raúl Carrea, Fundación para la lucha de las enfermedades neurológicas de la infancia (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fujiwara-Tsujii N, Yasui H, Wakamura S, Nagayama A, Arakaki N. Male white grub beetles prefer the pheromone composition of young females in the field. Bull Entomol Res 2016; 106:679-684. [PMID: 27311918 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485316000432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Females of the white grub beetle, Dasylepida ishigakiensis, release both (R)- and (S)-2-butanol as sex pheromones, but the males are only attracted to (R)-2-butanol. In laboratory-reared females, the proportion of the (R)-isomer decreased significantly as their calling opportunities increased and as they aged. We examined whether such qualitative changes also occur in field populations. We collected virgin females from the field and then trapped and analysed the volatiles emitted during their first and second callings. The ratio of (R)- to (S)-2-butanol (R/S) was 78:22 at the first calling, but shifted to 39:61 at the second calling. While investigating the composition of the female pheromones, the question arose as to whether the male preferences change in response to the shift in female pheromone composition. To answer this question, we observed the behaviour of young and old males in response to various R/S ratios as lures in the laboratory and in the field. In the flight tunnel assay of laboratory-reared individuals, young males touched female models with a 9:1 R/S ratio lure less than those with pure (R)-2-butanol; however, older males touched the two groups with equivalent frequency. In the field trap test, older males were much more attracted to (R)-2-butanol-scented lures. When we tested using lures with the same amount of (R)-2-butanol but added different amounts of the (S)-isomer, we found that increased levels of (S)-2-butanol resulted in lower attractiveness to males. (S)-2-butanol was confirmed to have an inhibitive activity in the attractiveness of (R)-2-butanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fujiwara-Tsujii
- Laboratory of Insect Interaction Research,National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS),Ohwashi,Tsukuba,Ibaraki 305-0851,Japan
| | - H Yasui
- Laboratory of Insect Interaction Research,National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS),Ohwashi,Tsukuba,Ibaraki 305-0851,Japan
| | - S Wakamura
- Faculty of Bioenvironmental Science,Kyotogakuen University,Kameoka,Kyoto 621-8555,Japan
| | - A Nagayama
- Okinawa Prefectural Plant Protection Centre,Naha,Okinawa 902-0072,Japan
| | - N Arakaki
- Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Research Centre (OPARC),Miyako Branch Office,Miyakojima,Okinawa 906-0012,Japan
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Panosyan E, Gotesman M, Kallay T, Martinez S, Bolaris M, Lasky J, Fouyssac F, Gentet JC, Frappaz D, Piguet C, Gorde-Grosjean S, Grill J, Schmitt E, Pall-Kondolff S, Chastagner P, Dudley R, Torok M, Gallegos D, Liu A, Handler M, Hankinson T, Dudley R, Torok M, Gallegos D, Liu A, Handler M, Hankinson T, Fukuoka K, Yanagisawa T, Suzuki T, Shirahata M, Adachi JI, Mishima K, Fujimaki T, Matsutani M, Sasaki A, Wada S, Nishikawa R, Suzuki M, Kondo A, Miyajima M, Arai H, Morin S, Uro-Coste E, Munzer C, Gambart M, Puget S, Miquel C, Maurage CA, Dufour C, Leblond P, Andre N, Kanold J, Icher C, Bertozzi AAI, Diez B, Muggeri A, Cerrato S, Calabrese B, Arakaki N, Marron A, Sevlever G, Fisher MJ, Widemann BC, Dombi E, Wolters P, Cantor A, Vinks A, Parentesis J, Ullrich N, Gutmann D, Viskochil D, Tonsgard J, Korf B, Packer R, Weiss B, Fisher MJ, Marcus L, Weiss B, Kim A, Dombi E, Baldwin A, Whitcomb P, Martin S, Gillespie A, Doyle A, Widemann BC, Bulwer C, Gan HW, Ederies A, Korbonits M, Powell M, Jeelani O, Jacques T, Stern E, Spoudeas H, Kimpo M, Tang J, Tan CL, Yeo TT, Chong QT, Ruland V, Hartung S, Kordes U, Wolff JE, Paulus W, Hasselblatt M, Patil S, Zaky W, Khatua S, Lassen-Ramshad Y, Christensen L, Clausen N, Bendel A, Dobyns W, Bennett J, Reyes-Mugica M, Petronio J, Nikiforova M, Mueller H, Kirches E, Korshunov A, Pfister S, Mawrin C, Hemenway M, Foreman N, Kumar A, Kalra S, Acharya R, Radhakrishnan N, Sachdeva A, Nimmervoll B, Hadjadj D, Tong Y, Shelat AA, Low J, Miller G, Stewart CF, Guy RK, Gilbertson RJ, Miwa T, Nonaka Y, Oi S, Sasaki H, Yoshida K, Northup R, Klesse L, McNall-Knapp R, Blagia M, Romeo F, Toscano S, D'Agostino A, Lafay-Cousin L, Lindzon G, Bouffet E, Taylor M, Hader W, Nordal R, Hawkins C, Laperriere N, Laughlin S, Shash H, McDonald P, Wrogemann J, Ahsanuddin A, Matsuda K, Soni R, Vanan MI, Cohen K, Taylor I, Rodriguez F, Burger P, Yeh J, Rao S, Iskandar B, Kienitz BA, Bruce R, Keller L, Salamat S, Puccetti D, Patel N, Hana A, Gunness VRN, Berthold C, Hana A, Bofferding L, Neuhaeuser C, Scalais E, Kieffer I, Feiden W, Graf N, Boecher-Schwarz H, Hertel F, Cruz O, Morales A, de Torres C, Vicente A, Gonzalez MA, Sunol M, Mora J, Garcia G, Guillen A, Muchart J, Yankelevich M, Sood S, Diver J, Savasan S, Poulik J, Bhambhani K, Hochart A, Gaillard V, Bonne NX, Baroncini M, Andre N, Vannier JP, Dubrulle F, Lejeune JP, Vincent C, Leblond P, Japp A, Gessi M, Muehlen AZ, Klein-Hitpass L, Pietsch T, Sharma M, Yadav R, Malgulwar PB, Pathak P, Sigamani E, Suri V, Sarkar C, Jagdevan A, Singh M, Sharma BS, Garg A, Bakhshi S, Faruq M, Doromal D, Villafuerte CJ, Tezcanli E, Yilmaz M, Sengoz M, Peker S, Dhall G, Robison N, Margol A, Evans A, Krieger M, Finlay J, Rosser T, Khakoo Y, Pratilas C, Marghoob A, Berger M, Hollmann T, Rosenblum M, Mrugala M, Giglio P, Keene C, Ferreira M, Garcia D, Weil A, Khatib Z, Diaz A, Niazi T, Bhatia S, Ragheb J, Robison N, Rangan K, Margol A, Rosser T, Finlay J, Dhall G, Gilles F, Morris C, Chen Y, Shetty V, Elbabaa S, Guzman M, Abdel-Baki MS, Abdel-Baki MS, Waguespack S, Jones J, Stapleton S, Baskin D, M, Okcu F. RARE TUMOURS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ooshiro M, Konnai S, Katagiri Y, Afuso M, Arakaki N, Tsuha O, Murata S, Ohashi K. Horizontal transmission of bovine leukemia virus from lymphocytotic cattle, and beneficial effects of insect vector control. Vet Rec 2013; 173:527. [PMID: 24158325 DOI: 10.1136/vr.101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Ooshiro
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, Naha, Okinawa 900-0024, Japan
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Fujiwara-Tsujii N, Yasui H, Wakamura S, Mochizuki F, Arakaki N. Age-dependent changes in the ratio of (R)- and (S)-2-butanol released by virgin females of Dasylepida ishigakiensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Bull Entomol Res 2012; 102:730-736. [PMID: 23146160 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485312000363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The females of the white grub beetle, Dasylepida ishigakiensis, release two enantiomers of 2-butanol, (R)-2-butanol and (S)-2-butanol. The ratio describing the relative proportions of these two enantiomers (R/S ratio) has not yet been investigated. (R)-2-Butanol has been shown to attract males in laboratory and field experiments, whereas (S)-2-butanol tends to inhibit them. To determine the R/S ratio of the 2-butanol emitted by virgin females, we collected 2-butanol from young (53 days old), mature (63 days old) and old females (73 days old) using water, extracted with an SPME fibre and subsequently injected into GC-MS. The major component of the 2-butanol emitted by the young females was (R)-2-butanol, but as the females aged, the component ratio favoured (S)-2-butanol. Young females released an 80:20 mixture of (R)- and (S)-2-butanol, whereas old females released a 45:55 mixture. The EAG response of male antennae to a 50:50 ratio (racemic mixture) showed a similar dose-response curve to that of (R)-2-butanol. The male orientation responses to (R)-2-butanol decreased when the relative proportion of (S)-2-butanol increased. An inhibitory and/or masking effect of (S)-2-butanol on male orientation behaviour was also observed in the flight tunnel assay. These results suggest that males are more strongly attracted to young females than to old females. We also discuss the possibility of using 2-butanol isomers as a control or monitoring agent for this insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fujiwara-Tsujii
- Laboratory of Insect Interaction Research, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Kiyotani C, Uno T, Ogiwara H, Morota N, Nakazawa A, Tsutsumi Y, Masaki H, Mori T, Sanz JAS, Guibelalde M, Tavera A, Herandez I, Ibanez J, Brell M, Mas A, Muller HL, Gebhardt U, Warmuth-Metz M, Pietsch T, Sorensen N, Kortmann RD, Stapleton S, Gonzalez I, Steinbrueck S, Rodriguez L, Tuite G, Krzyzankova M, Mertsch S, Jeibmann A, Kordes U, Wolff J, Paulus W, Hasselblatt M, Nonaka Y, Hara S, Fukazawa S, Shimizu K, Ben-Arush M, Postovsky S, Toledano H, Peretz-Nahum M, Fujimura J, Sakaguchi S, Kondo A, Saito Y, Shimoji K, Ohara Y, Arakawa A, Saito M, Shimizu T, Benesch M, von Bueren AO, Dantonello T, von Hoff K, Pietsch T, Leuschner I, Claviez A, Bierbach U, Kropshofer G, Korinthenberg R, Graf N, Suttorp M, Kortmann RD, Friedrich C, Klingebiel T, Koscielniak E, Rutkowski S, Mesa M, Sanchez M, Mejia J, Pena G, Dussan R, Cabeza M, Storino A, Dincer F, Roffidal T, Powell M, Berrak S, Wolff JE, Fouyssac F, Delaunay C, Vignaud JM, Schmitt E, Klein O, Mansuy L, Chastagner P, Cruz O, Guillen A, Garcia G, Alamar M, Candela S, Roussos I, Garzon M, Sunol M, Muchart J, Rebollo M, Mora J, Wolff J, Diez B, Muggeri A, Arakaki N, Meli F, Sevlever G, Tsitouras V, Pettorini B, Fellows G, Blair J, Didi M, Daousi C, Steele C, Javadpour M, Sinha A, Hishii M, Kondo A, Fujimura J, Sakaguchi S, Ishii H, Shimoji K, Miyajima M, Arai H, Dvir R, Sayar D, Levin D, Ben-Sirah L, Constantini S, Elhasid R, Gertsch E, Foreman N, Valera ET, Brassesco MS, Machado HR, Oliveira RS, Santos AC, Terra VC, Barros MV, Scrideli CA, Tone LG, Merino D, Pienkowska M, Shlien A, Tabori U, Gilbertson R, Malkin D, Jeeva I, Chang B, Long V, Picton S, Burton D, Clark S, Kwok C, Mokete B, Rafiq O, Simmons I, Shing MMK, Li CK, Chan GCF, Ha SY, Yuen HL, Luk CW, Li CK, Ling SC, Li RCH, Yoon JH, Park HJ, Shin HJ, Park BK, Kim JY, Jung HL, Ra YS, Ghim TT, Wolff J, Hasselblatt M, Hartung S, Powell M, Garami M, Traunecker H, Thall P, Mahajan A, Kordes U, Sumerauer D, Grillner P, Orrego A, Mosskin M, Gustavsson B, Holm S, Peters N, Rogers M, Chowdry S, Selman W, Mitchell A, Bangert B, Ahuja S, Laschinger K, Gold D, Stearns D, Wright K, Gupta K, Klimo P, Ellison D, Keating G, Eckel L, Giannini C, Wetjen N, Patton A, Zaky W, McComb G, Finlay J, Grimm J, Wong K, Dhall G, Zaky W, Gilles F, Grimm J, Dhall G, Finlay J, Ormandy D, Alston R, Estlin E, Gattamaneni R, Birch J, Kamaly-Asl I, Hemenway M, Foreman N, Rush S, Reginald YA, Nicolin G, Bartel U, Buncic JR, Aguilera D, Flamini R, Mazewski C, Schniederjan M, Hayes L, Boydston W, MacDonald T, Fleming A, Jabado N, Saint-Martin C, Albrecht S, Ramsay DA, Farmer JP, Bendel A, Hansen M, Dugan S, Mendelsohn N. RARE TUMORS. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:i148-i156. [PMCID: PMC3483354 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
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Yasui H, Wakamura S, Fujiwara-Tsujii N, Arakaki N, Nagayama A, Hokama Y, Mochizuki F, Fukumoto T, Oroku H, Harano K, Tanaka S. Mating disruption by a synthetic sex pheromone in the white grub beetle Dasylepida ishigakiensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in the laboratory and sugarcane fields. Bull Entomol Res 2012; 102:157-164. [PMID: 21944472 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485311000502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A serious sugarcane pest, Dasylepida ishigakiensis, remains in the soil during most of its life cycle except for a short period for mating. Mating disruption by an artificial release of the sex pheromone (R)-2-butanol (R2B), therefore, may be a feasible method to control this pest. We examined the effects of artificial release of R2B and its related compounds, (S)-2-butanol (S2B) and the racemic 2-butanol (rac-2B), on the mating success of this beetle both in the laboratory and in the field. In flight tunnel experiments, almost all males orientated towards a R2B-releasing source and 40% of them landed on the source. When the atmosphere was permeated with R2B, the frequency of males landing on the model was significantly reduced. Both rac-2B and S2B were less effective, but substantial reduction in landing success by males was achieved at higher rac-2B concentrations. R2B released from polyethylene dispensers in sugarcane plots greatly reduced not only the proportion of females mated with males but also the number of males caught by R2B-baited traps, indicating that male mate-searching behaviour was strongly affected by the released R2B. Similar inhibitory effects on male behaviour were also observed when tube- or rope-type dispensers released high rac-2B concentrations in the field. These results indicate that it would be highly possible to control D. ishigakiensis through the disruption of the sexual communication by releasing either synthetic R2B or rac-2B.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yasui
- Laboratory of Insect Behaviour and Physiology, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0851, Japan.
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Barker CA, Chang M, Lassman AB, Beal K, Chan TA, Hunter K, Grisdale K, Ritterhouse M, Moustakas A, Iwamoto FM, Kreisl TN, Sul J, Kim L, Butman J, Albert P, Fine HA, Chamberlain MC, Alexandru D, Glantz MJ, Kim L, Chamberlain MC, Bota DA, Takahashi K, Ikeda N, Kajimoto Y, Miyatake S, Kuroiwa T, Iwamoto F, Lamborn K, Kuhn J, Wen P, Yung WKA, Gilbert M, Chang S, Lieberman F, Prados M, Fine H, Lu-Emerson C, Norden AD, Drappatz J, Quant EC, Ciampa AS, Doherty LM, LaFrankie DC, Wen PY, Sherman JH, Moldovan K, Yeoh HK, Starke BM, Pouratian N, Shaffrey ME, Schiff D, O'Connor PC, Kroon HA, Recht L, Montano N, Cenci T, Martini M, D'Alessandris QG, Banna GL, Maira G, De Maria R, Larocca LM, Pallini R, Kim CH, Yang MS, Cheong JH, Kim JM, Shonka N, Gilbert M, Alfred Yung WK, Piao Y, Liu J, Bekele N, Wen P, Chen A, Heymach J, de Groot J, Gilbert MR, Wang M, Aldape K, Sorensen AG, Mikkelsen T, Bokstein F, Woo SY, Chmura SJ, Choucair AK, Mehta M, Perez Segura P, Gil M, Balana C, Chacon I, Munoz J, Martin M, Flowers A, Salner A, Gaziel TB, Soerensen M, Hasselbalch B, Poulsen HS, Lassen U, Peyre M, Cartalat-Carel S, Meyronet D, Sunyach MP, Jouanneau E, Guyotat J, Jouvet A, Frappaz D, Honnorat J, Ducray F, Wagle N, Nghiemphu PL, Lai A, Cloughesy TF, Kairouz VF, Elias EF, Chahine GY, Comair YG, Dimassi H, Kamar FG, Parchman AJ, Nock CJ, Bartolomeo J, Norden AD, Drappatz J, Ciampa AS, Doherty LM, LaFrankie DC, Ruland S, Quant EC, Beroukhim R, Wen PY, Graber JJ, Lassman AB, Kaley T, Johnson DR, Kimmel DW, Burch PA, Cascino TL, Giannini C, Wu W, Buckner JC, Dirier A, Abacioglu U, Okkan S, Pak Y, Guney YY, Aksu G, Soyuer S, Oksuzoglu B, Meydan D, Zincircioglu B, Yumuk PF, Alco G, Keven E, Ucer AR, Tsung AJ, Prabhu SS, Shonka NA, Alistar AT, van den Bent M, Taal W, Sleijfer S, van Heuvel I, Smitt PAS, Bromberg JE, Vernhout I, Porter AB, Dueck AC, Karlin NJ, Hiramatsu R, Kawabata S, Miyatake SI, Kuroiwa T, Easson MW, Vicente MGH, Sahebjam S, Garoufalis E, Guiot MC, Muanza T, Del Maestro R, Kavan P, Smolin AV, Konev A, Nikolaeva S, Shamanskaya Y, Malysheva A, Strelnikov V, Vranic A, Prestor B, Pizem J, Popovic M, Khatua S, Finlay J, Nelson M, Gonzalez I, Bruggers C, Dhall G, Fu BD, Linskey M, Bota D, Walbert T, Puduvalli V, Ozawa T, Brennan CW, Wang L, Squatrito M, Sasayama T, Nakada M, Huse JT, Pedraza A, Utsuki S, Tandon A, Fomchenko EI, Oka H, Levine RL, Fujii K, Ladanyi M, Holland EC, Raizer J, Avram MJ, Kaklamani V, Cianfrocca M, Gradishar W, Helenowski I, McCarthy K, Mulcahy M, Rademaker A, Grimm S, Landolfi JC, Chen S, Peeraully T, Anthony P, Linendoll NM, Zhu JJ, Yao K, Mignano J, Pfannl R, Pan E, Vera-Bolanos E, Armstrong TS, Bekele BN, Gilbert MR, Alexandru D, Glantz MJ, Kim L, Chamberlain MC, Bota DA, Albrecht V, Juerchott K, Selbig J, Tonn JC, Schichor C, Sawale KB, Wolff J, Vats T, Ketonen L, Khasraw M, Kaley T, Panageas K, Reiner A, Goldlust S, Tabar V, Green RM, Woyshner EA, Cloughesy TF, Abe T, Morishige M, Shiqi K, Momii Y, Sugita K, Fukuyoshi Y, Kamida T, Fujiki M, Kobayashi H, Lavon I, Refael M, Zrihan D, Siegal T, Elias EF, Kairouz VF, Chahine GY, Comair YG, Dimassi H, Kamar FG, Tham CK, See SJ, Toh CK, Kang SH, Park KJ, Kim CY, Yu MO, Park CK, Park SH, Chung YG, Park KJ, Yu MO, Kang SH, Cho TH, Chung YG, Sasaki H, Sano K, Nariai T, Uchino Y, Kitamura Y, Ohira T, Yoshida K, Kirson ED, Wasserman Y, Izhaki A, Mordechovich D, Gurvich Z, Dbaly V, Vymazal J, Tovarys F, Salzberg M, Rochlitz C, Goldsher D, Palti Y, Ram Z, Gutin PH, Furuse M, Miyatake SI, Kawabata S, Kuroiwa T, Torcuator RG, Ibaoc K, Rafael A, Mariano M, Reardon DA, Peters K, Desjardins A, Sampson J, Vredenburgh JJ, Gururangan S, Friedman HS, Le Rhun E, Kotecki N, Zairi F, Baranzelli MC, Faivre-Pierret M, Dubois F, Bonneterre J, Arenson EB, Arenson JD, Arenson PK, Pierick M, Jensen W, Smith DB, Wong ET, Gautam S, Malchow C, Lun M, Pan E, Brem S, Raizer J, Grimm S, Chandler J, Muro K, Rice L, McCarthy K, Mrugala M, Johnston SK, Chamberlain M, Marosi C, Handisurya A, Kautzky-Willer A, Preusser M, Elandt K, Widhalm G, Dieckmann K, Torcuator RG, Opinaldo P, Chua E, Barredo C, Cuanang J, Grimm S, Phuphanich S, Recht LD, Rosenfeld SS, Chamberlain MC, Zhu JJ, Fadul CE, Swabb EA, Pope C, Beelen AP, Raizer JJ, Kim IH, Park CK, Han JH, Lee SH, Kim CY, Kim TM, Kim DW, Kim JE, Paek SH, Kim IA, Kim YJ, Kim JH, Nam DH, Rhee CH, Lee SH, Park BJ, Kim DG, Heo DS, Jung HW, Desjardins A, Peters KB, Vredenburgh JJ, Friedman HS, Reardon DA, Becker K, Baehring J, Hammond SN, Norden AD, Fisher DC, Wong ET, Cote GM, Ciampa AS, Doherty LM, Ruland SF, LaFrankie DC, Wen PY, Drappatz J, Brandes AA, Franceschi E, Tosoni A, Poggi R, Agati R, Bartolini S, Spagnolli F, Pozzati E, Marucci G, Ermani M, Taillibert S, Guillevin R, Dehais C, Bellanger A, Delattre JY, Omuro A, Taillibert S, Hoang-Xuan K, Barrie M, Guiu S, Chauffert B, Cartalat-Carel S, Taillandier L, Fabbro M, Laigre M, Guillamo JS, Geffrelot J, Rouge TDLM, Bonnetain F, Chinot O, Gil MJ, de las Penas R, Reynes G, Balana C, Perez-Segura P, Garcia-Velasco A, Gallego O, Herrero A, de Lucas CFC, Benavides M, Perez-Martin X, Mesia C, Martinez-Garcia M, Muggeri AD, Cervio A, Rojas M, Arakaki N, Sevlever GE, Diez BD, Muggeri AD, Cerrato S, Martinetto H, Diez BD, Peereboom DM, Brewer CJ, Suh JH, Chao ST, Parsons MW, Elson PJ, Vogelbaum MA, Sade B, Barnett GH, Shonka NA, Yung WKA, Bekele N, Gilbert MR, Kobyakov G, Absalyamova O, Amanov R, Rauschkolb PK, Drappatz J, Batchelor TT, Meyer LP, Fadul CE, Lallana EC, Nghiemphu PL, Kohanteb P, Lai A, Green RM, Cloughesy TF, Mrugala MM, Lee LK, Graham CA, Fink JR, Spence AM, Portnow J, Badie B, Liu X, Frankel P, Chen M, Synold TW, Al Jishi AA, Golan J, Polley MYC, Lamborn KR, Chang SM, Butowski N, Clarke JL, Prados M, Grommes C, Oxnard GR, Kris MG, Miller VA, Pao W, Lassman AB, Renfrow J, DeTroye A, Chan M, Tatter S, Ellis T, McMullen K, Johnson A, Mott R, Lesser GJ, Cavaliere R, Abrey LE, Mason WP, Lassman AB, Perentesis J, Ivy P, Villalona M, Nayak L, Fleisher M, Gonzalez-Espinoza R, Reiner A, Panageas K, Lin O, Liu CM, Deangelis LM, Omuro A, Taylor LP, Ammirati M, Lamki T, Zarzour H, Grecula J, Dudley RW, Kavan P, Garoufalis E, Guiot MC, Del Maestro RF, Maurice C, Belanger K, Moumdjian R, Dufresne S, Fortin C, Fortin MA, Berthelet F, Renoult E, Belair M, Rouleau D, Gallego O, Benavides M, Segura PP, Balana C, Gil MJG, Berrocal A, Reynes G, Garcia JL, Mazarico J, Bague S. Medical and Neuro-Oncology. Neuro Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noq116.s6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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10
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Taratuto AL, Akman HO, Saccoliti M, Riudavets M, Arakaki N, Mesa L, Sevlever G, Goebel H, DiMauro S. Branching enzyme deficiency/glycogenosis storage disease type IV presenting as a severe congenital hypotonia: muscle biopsy and autopsy findings, biochemical and molecular genetic studies. Neuromuscul Disord 2010; 20:783-90. [PMID: 20833045 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2010.07.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The fatal infantile neuromuscular presentation of branching enzyme deficiency (glycogen storage disease type IV) due to mutations in the gene encoding the glycogen branching enzyme, is a rare but probably underdiagnosed cause of congenital hypotonia. We report an infant girl with severe generalized hypotonia, born at 33 weeks gestation who required ventilatory assistance since birth. She had bilateral ptosis, mild knee and foot contractures and echocardiographic evidence of cardiomyopathy. A muscle biopsy at 1 month of age showed typical polyglucosan storage. The autopsy at 3.5 months of age showed frontal cortex polymicrogyria and polyglucosan bodies in neurons of basal ganglia, thalamus, substantia innominata, brain stem, and myenteric plexus, as well as liver involvement. Glycogen branching enzyme activity in muscle was virtually undetectable. Sequencing of the GBE1 gene revealed a homozygous 28 base pair deletion and a single base insertion at the same site in exon 5. This case confirms previous observations that GBE deficiency ought to be included in the differential diagnosis of congenital hypotonia and that the phenotype correlates with the 'molecular severity' of the mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Taratuto
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Neurological Research, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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11
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Mora C, Orellana N, Schteinschnaider A, Arakaki N, Del Castillo M. Free living amoebae encephalitis infection in a child who travelled to Peru. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.1796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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12
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Taratuto A, Akman H, Saccoliti M, Riudavets M, Arakaki N, Fernández M, Mesa L, Sevlever G, Goebel H, Di Mauro S. G.P.16.04. Branching enzyme deficiency should be considered in the differential diagnosis of severe congenital hypotonia. Neuromuscul Disord 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2008.06.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Fukuda T, Wakamura S, Arakaki N, Yamagishi K. Parasitism, development and adult longevity of the egg parasitoid Telenomus nawai (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on the eggs of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Bull Entomol Res 2007; 97:185-90. [PMID: 17411481 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485307004841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
When Telenomus nawai Ashmead or Trichogramma ostriniae Pang & Chen (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was inoculated into intact egg masses of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) that were covered with a scale-hair layer, T. nawai emerged from 76% of the eggs, while emergence of T. ostriniae was from only 3% of the eggs. When the hair layer was removed before inoculation, the rate by the latter increased to 21%. These observations confirmed that the hair layer effectively protects S. litura egg masses from attack by T. ostriniae, and that T. nawai parasitism is more effective. In order to assess the feasibility of T. nawai as a biological control agent for S. litura, parasitism rate, development time and adult longevity were examined in the laboratory. Emergence of T. nawai was observed in more than 95% of 0- and 1-day-old separated eggs of S. litura, but the rate decreased to 60% and 0% for 2- and 3-day-old eggs, respectively. The emergence rates of T. nawai were near 95% for temperatures in a range from 25 degrees C to 35 degrees C, but decreased to 80% at 20 degrees C. No parasitoids emerged at 15 degrees C. The developmental periods decreased as temperature increased from 20 degrees C to 35 degrees C. The developmental threshold occurred at 13.7 degrees C and 13.9 degrees C, and the effective accumulative temperatures from egg to adult emergence were 149.3 and 147.1 degree-days for females and males, respectively. Mean longevity of the adult females decreased with increasing temperature; 87.0 days at 15 degrees C and 9.5 days at 35 degrees C. The feasibility of the use of T. nawai for controlling S. litura is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fukuda
- Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Agricultural Development, 2200 Ohno, Kinpou-cho, Kagoshima, 899-3401, Japan
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14
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Wakamura S, Arakaki N. Sex pheromone components of pyralid moths Terastia subjectalis and Agathodes ostentalis feeding on the coral tree, Erithrina variegata: Two sympatric species share common components in different ratios. CHEMOECOLOGY 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-004-0275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Koide M, Arakaki N, Saito A. Distribution of Legionella longbeachae and other legionellae in Japanese potting soils. J Infect Chemother 2001; 7:224-7. [PMID: 11810588 DOI: 10.1007/s101560170017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2000] [Accepted: 06/29/2001] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of Legionella longbeachae and Legionella spp. in Japanese potting soils was examined. Thirty samples were collected: 13 were composted wood products, 11 were potting mixes (containing composted wood products, sand, mineral fertilizer, and manure), 2 were peatmoss, 3 were peatmoss-sand mixes (containing peatmoss and sand), and 1 was a sample of hydroponic clay balls. A suspension of each sample was made in sterile distilled water and acidified, and 100 microl was plated on buffered charcoal yeast extract alpha (BCYEalpha) agar containing modified wadowsky yee (MWY) supplement and pimaricin (direct method). In parallel, each suspension was incubated at 33 degrees C for several months to allow for amebic enrichment, if present; the suspensions were then plated onto culture media as described above (enrichment method). A total of 46 strains of legionellae were isolated from 22 of the 24 samples (13 composted wood products, 11 potting mixes). L. longbeachae was isolated from 9 samples. The most predominant species of legionellae in potting soils was Legionella bozemanii, which was isolated from 13 samples. Legionella spp. and L. micdadei were isolated from 8 and 7 samples each. Compared with findings in potting soils in Australia (26/45; 58%), Japanese potting soils had an only 8.3% (2/24) isolation rate for L. longbeachae by the direct method. The components of composted wood products were broadleaves such as oak and Japanese oak, in contrast to the pine and eucalypt used in Australia, which may account for the different isolation rates. However, the amebic enrichment method was useful in increasing the recovery of legionellae in potting soils. Legionellae were not isolated from the peatmoss samples, a result identical to findings in surveys of similar material in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koide
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan.
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16
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Yamazawa H, Nakajima N, Wakamura S, Arakaki N, Yamamoto M, Ando T. Synthesis and characterization of diepoxyalkenes derived from (3Z,6Z,9Z)-trienes: lymantriid sex pheromones and their candidates. J Chem Ecol 2001; 27:2153-67. [PMID: 11817072 DOI: 10.1023/a:1012255201380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
All stereoisomers of three diepoxyalkenes derived from (3Z,6Z,9Z)-trienes with a C21, C19, or C18 straight chain, lymantriid sex pheromones and their candidates, were synthesized by MCPBA oxidation of optically active epoxyalkadienes. Their chromatographic behaviors were examined with GC and LC equipped with achiral and chiral columns. Detailed inspection of the mass spectra of these epoxides indicated the following diagnostic ions for determining the chemical structures: m/z 128, 167, M-87 and M-85 for (Z)-cis-3,4-cis-6,7-diepoxy-9-enes; m/z 111, M-125 and M-69 for (Z)-cis-6,7-cis-9,10-diepoxy-3-enes; and m/z M-125 and M-139 for (Z)-cis-3,4-cis-9,10-diepoxy-6-enes. Mass chromatographic analysis that monitored these fragment ions revealed the existence of a new pheromonal compound with a C21 chain in an extract from virgin females of a lymantriid species, Perina nuda F. The three diepoxyalkenes were converted into the corresponding DMDS adducts, which showed characteristic ions from fragmentation between the two thiomethyl groups, reflecting the position of an original double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yamazawa
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Japan
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17
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Arakaki N, Miyoshi T, Noda H. Wolbachia-mediated parthenogenesis in the predatory thrips Franklinothrips vespiformis (Thysanoptera: Insecta). Proc Biol Sci 2001; 268:1011-6. [PMID: 11375084 PMCID: PMC1088702 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2001.1628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolbachia are bacterial endosymbionts in arthropods and filarial nematodes. They cause thelytoky, which is a form of parthenogenesis in which females produce females without males, in hymenopteran insects. Infection of this parthenogenesis-inducing Wolbachia has been restricted to the order Hymenoptera, but was found in another insect order, Thysanoptera. A parthenogenetic colony of a predatory thrips Franklinothrips vespiformis (Aeolothripidae) possessed B-group Wolbachia. Male progeny were produced from this thrips by heat and tetracycline treatments. Males produced motile sperm, which were transferred to the female spermatheca by mating. However, the mating did not affect the sex ratios of the next generation, suggesting that the sperm do not fertilize the eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station, Sakiyama, Naha, Okinawa 903-0814, Japan.
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18
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Warn R, Harvey P, Warn A, Foley-Comer A, Heldin P, Versnel M, Arakaki N, Daikuhara Y, Laurent GJ, Herrick SE, Mutsaers SE. HGF/SF induces mesothelial cell migration and proliferation by autocrine and paracrine pathways. Exp Cell Res 2001; 267:258-66. [PMID: 11426944 DOI: 10.1006/excr.2001.5240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mesothelial repair differs from that of other epithelial-like surfaces as healing does not occur solely by centripetal in-growth of cells as a sheet from the wound margins. Mesothelial cells lose their cell-cell junctions, divide, and adopt a fibroblast-like morphology while scattering across and covering the wound surface. These features are consistent with a cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF). In this study, we examined the ability of mesothelial cells to secrete HGF/SF and investigated its possible role as an autocrine regulator of mesothelial cell motility and proliferation. We found that human primary mesothelial cells expressed HGF/SF mRNA and secreted active HGF/SF into conditioned medium as determined by ELISA and in a scattering bioassay. These cells also expressed the HGF/SF receptor, Met, as shown by RT-PCR and by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. Incubation of mesothelial cells with neutralizing antibodies to HGF/SF decreased cell migration to 25% of controls, whereas addition of HGF/SF disrupted cell-cell junctions and induced scattering and enhanced mesothelial cell migration. Furthermore, HGF/SF showed a small but significant mitogenic effect on all mesothelial cell lines examined. In conclusion, HGF/SF is produced by mesothelial cells and induces both motility and proliferation of these cells. These data are consistent with HGF/SF playing an autocrine role in mesothelial healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Warn
- School of Biology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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Arakaki N, Ueyama Y, Hirose M, Himeda T, Shibata H, Futaki S, Kitagawa K, Higuti T. Stoichiometry of subunit e in rat liver mitochondrial H(+)-ATP synthase and membrane topology of its putative Ca(2+)-dependent regulatory region. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1504:220-8. [PMID: 11245786 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(00)00248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that residues 34-65 of subunit e of mitochondrial H(+)-ATP synthase are homologous with the Ca(2+)-dependent tropomysin-binding region for troponin T and have suggested that subunit e could be involved in the Ca(2+)-dependent regulation of H(+)-ATP synthase activity. In this study, we determined the content of subunit e in H(+)-ATP synthase purified from rat liver mitochondria, and we also investigated the membrane topology of a putative Ca(2+)-dependent regulatory region of subunit e using an antibody against peptide corresponding to residues 34-65 of subunit e. Quantitative immunoblot analysis of subunit e in the purified H(+)-ATP synthase revealed that 1 mol of H(+)-ATP synthase contained 2 mol of subunit e. The ATPase activity of mitoplasts, in which the C-side of F(0) is present on the outer surface of the inner membrane, was significantly stimulated by the addition of the antibody, while the ATPase activity of submitochondrial particles and purified H(+)-ATP synthase was not stimulated. The antibody bound to mitoplasts but not to submitochondrial particles. These results suggest that the putative Ca(2+)-dependent regulatory region of subunit e is exposed on the surface of the C-side of F(0) and that subunit e is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial H(+)-ATP synthase activity probably via its putative Ca(2+)-dependent regulatory region.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Japan
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20
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Abstract
Loiasis is quite common in the endemic regions of Central and West Africa. But only three cases were reported in Japan. This is a report of a 28 year old male from Gabon infected with Loa loa with eye symptoms as the chief complaint. For the first time in Japan he was treated with Ivermectin (IVM) which is recently attracting attention as the drug for filariasis world wide. IVM therapy was effective, and decreased the counts of microfilarias in the patient's blood. No adverse effect was seen in this patient. This case suggested that IVM is an useful drug for loiasis, and further study is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yara
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of the Ryukyus
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Himeda T, Morokami K, Arakaki N, Shibata H, Higuti T. Synchronized transcriptional gene expression of H+-ATP synthase subunits in different tissues of Fischer 344 rats of different ages. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267:6938-42. [PMID: 11082207 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2000.01805.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the relationship between the stoichiometry of polypeptides of multisubunit enzyme complexes and the absolute amount of each transcript of the complexes in mammalian tissues. Here we showed that the absolute amounts of the transcripts of most subunits of rat H+-ATP synthase examined greatly differed in the different tissues, showing the following hierarchy of tissue-specificity: heart > kidney > brain approximately liver. However, surprisingly, there was no difference in the expression pattern of these in terms of the molar ratio of each transcript, indicating a nearly similar stoichiometric expression pattern irrespective of tissue or age of the rat. Therefore, the present finding clearly indicates that most of the transcripts of the 16 subunits of rat H+-ATP synthase were concertedly and synchronously expressed, having a constant expression pattern of the transcripts, irrespective of tissue or age of the rats. This is the first report of the absolute amounts of the transcripts of this multisubunit enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Himeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Shomachi, Tokushima, Japan
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22
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Ohnishi T, Suwa M, Oyama T, Arakaki N, Torii M, Daikuhara Y. Prostaglandin E2 predominantly induces production of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor in human dental pulp in acute inflammation. J Dent Res 2000; 79:748-55. [PMID: 10728976 DOI: 10.1177/00220345000790020801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which is also known as the scatter factor, is a broad-spectrum and multifunctional cytokine, mediates epithelial-mesenchyme interaction, and is shown to be involved in the development and regeneration of various tissues, including tooth. Here, we report that HGF was present in adult human dental pulps, and its levels increased during acute inflammation of the tissue. Levels of HGF mRNA in dental pulps also increased with inflammation, as determined by reverse-transcription/polymerase chain-reaction. The production of HGF in fibroblasts from dental pulps in culture was dose-dependently stimulated by inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1alpha and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and by prostaglandin (PG) E2, as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also showed that indomethacin did not affect the increase in HGF production by the cells with IL-1alpha, TNF-alpha, and PGE2. The levels of HGF mRNA in the cells were simultaneously increased by these stimulants, as determined by Northern blotting. Since the production of PGs is known to increase at the beginning of inflammation, PGE2 may be involved in the regeneration of dental pulps by the induction of HGF expression after inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohnishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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23
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Yamazato Y, Kanesima H, Arakaki N, Yara S, Miyara T, Higa F, Saito A. [Secondary amyloidosis in an autopsied case of adult onset Still disease]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 2000; 89:137-8. [PMID: 10723928 DOI: 10.2169/naika.89.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamazato
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyu, Naha
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Nakamura O, Kazi JA, Ohnishi T, Arakaki N, Shao Q, Kajihara T, Daikuhara Y. Effects of rat fetuin on stimulation of bone resorption in the presence of parathyroid hormone. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1999; 63:1383-91. [PMID: 10500999 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.63.1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Rat fetuin, which is the rat counterpart of human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein and bovine fetuin, is only detectable in calcified tissues such as bone matrices and dentin, and bone cells such as osteoblasts and osteocytes immunohistochemically. The effect of this protein on bone resorption was examined to study its physiological role in bone metabolism. Rat fetuin increased bone resorption in the presence of low concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH), but it had no activity on bone resorption without PTH. The increase in bone resorption by PTH and PTH plus rat fetuin was inhibited by the addition of chymostatin, an inhibitor for cathepsin L. Moreover, we found that when type I collagen from rat was preincubated with rat fetuin, the digestion of rat type I collagen by cathepsin L was increased. These findings suggest that rat fetuin present in bone matrix is important in bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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Arakaki N, Kajihara T, Arakaki R, Ohnishi T, Kazi JA, Nakashima H, Daikuhara Y. Involvement of oxidative stress in tumor cytotoxic activity of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:13541-6. [PMID: 10224123 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.19.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we show that N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of glutathione and an intracellular free radical scavenger, almost completely prevented hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-suppressed growth of Sarcoma 180 and Meth A cells, and HGF-induced apoptosis, assessed by DNA fragmentation, and increase in caspase-3 activity, in Sarcoma 180 cells. The reduced form of glutathione also prevented HGF-suppressed growth of the cells as effective as NAC. Ascorbic acid partially prevented the effect of HGF, but other antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and vitamin E, and the free radical spin traps N-t-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone and 3,3,5, 5-tetramethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide did not have protective effects. HGF caused morphological changes of the cells, many cells showing condensation and rounding, and enhanced the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) as judged by flow cytometric analysis using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. NAC completely prevented both HGF-induced morphological changes and the enhancement of ROS generation in the cells. However, NAC did not prevent the HGF-induced scattering of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report that HGF stimulates the production of ROS, and our results suggest the involvement of oxidative stress in the mechanism by which HGF induces growth suppression of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
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26
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Arakaki N, Higa F, Koide M, Takeyama M, Shinzato T, Kusano N, Yabuuchi E, Saito A. [Evaluation of urinary antigen detection methods for rapid diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 1999; 73:421-8. [PMID: 10386021 DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.73.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We have evaluated urine specimens of presumptive cases of legionnaires' disease (110 cases, 173 sample), collected in the past eight years (April, 1990-August, 1998) with the Binax EIA kit which detects the soluble antigen of Legionella pneumophila serogroup (SG) 1, and the Biotest EIA kit which detects Legionella species. Seven cases (19 specimens) were positive for the Binax EIA kit, and nine cases (22 specimens) were positive for the Biotest EIA kit. The sensitivity for culture, PCR, IFA method were 100%, 100%, and 50%, the specificity for these method were 93%, 97.1%, and 90% respectively. Overall agreements for these method were 93.5%, 97.4%, 86.8%, these results suggested that the urinary antigen detection test had high sensitivity and specificity. Our study indicated that concentrated urine samples increase sensitivity. We also evaluated the capabilities of both EIAs to detect soluble antigens were extracted from bacterial suspension of 18 strains of 5 Legionella species by heating. Both assays detected L. pneumophila serogroups 1 to 14, L. bozemanii. The Binax EIA proved to be useful as the Biotest EIA for diagnosis of legionellosis caused by Legionella species and serogroups other than L. pneumophila serogroup 1. Some cases have been shown to excrete antigen for prolonged period of times despite recovery from infection, so that the patient's history should be sought. The urine antigen detection EIA methods proved to be rapid and easy to use, detect antigen in the early stage of the disease with high sensitivity and specificity. Its use for the definition of legionellosis should be considered in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyu's
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27
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Kajihara T, Ohnishi T, Arakaki N, Semba I, Daikuhara Y. Expression of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor and c-Met in human dental papilla and fibroblasts from dental papilla. Arch Oral Biol 1999; 44:135-47. [PMID: 10206332 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9969(98)00101-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF), a broad-spectrum and multifunctional cytokine, is essential for the development of tissues including tooth. Here it was found that the HGF/SF content of human dental papillae obtained from 8 to 16-year-old individuals decreased significantly with age. Cultured fibroblasts prepared from the dental papillae of individuals of different ages produced HGF/SF at almost the same rate, but the sensitivities of the cells to interleukin-1alpha and tumour necrosis factor-alpha for the production of HGF/SF increased with age. Generally, mesenchymal cells such as fibroblasts produce HGF/SF but do not express c-Met, a receptor for HGF/SF, yet fibroblasts in dental papilla and cultured fibroblasts prepared from dental papilla did express c-Met, as determined by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Recombinant human [125I]iodo-HGF/SF specifically bound to cell-surface macromolecules with a mol. wt of 146,000, which is the same as that of the beta-subunit of c-Met. The physiological role of c-Met on fibroblasts in dental papilla is unknown, but the addition of 2 ng of HGF/SF per ml to the culture medium significantly stimulated DNA synthesis in the cells, as determined by pulse labelling with [3H]thymidine. Exogenous HGF/SF also stimulated secretion by the cells of vascular endothelial growth factor, a cytokine that induces blood vessel-formation. These results suggest that HGF/SF may be involved in tooth development via autocrine mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kajihara
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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28
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Arakaki N, Higa F, Tateyama M, Yamazato Y, Yara S, Ishimine T, Toyama M, Miyara T, Koide M, Saito A. Concurrent infection with Legionella pneumophila and Pneumocystis carinii in a patient with adult T cell leukemia. Intern Med 1999; 38:160-3. [PMID: 10225673 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.38.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 48-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with high fever, chills, cough, and exertional dyspnea. On admission, the chest roentgenogram and computed tomography scan showed bilateral alveolar infiltration in the middle and lower lung fields. Microscopic examination of the bronchial lavage fluid showed flower cells typical for adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and cysts of Pneumocystis carinii, and Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 grew on buffered charcoal yeast extract (BCYE)-alpha agar. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics including trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, and sparfloxacin. Remission of ATL was achieved after three courses of antileukemic chemotherapy. Mixed infection of opportunistic pathogens should be considered in patients with ATL.
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MESH Headings
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Antibodies, Bacterial/analysis
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/microbiology
- Bronchoscopy
- Drug Therapy, Combination/therapeutic use
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Legionella pneumophila/immunology
- Legionella pneumophila/isolation & purification
- Legionnaires' Disease/complications
- Legionnaires' Disease/diagnosis
- Legionnaires' Disease/drug therapy
- Leukemia, T-Cell/complications
- Leukemia, T-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia, T-Cell/drug therapy
- Middle Aged
- Opportunistic Infections/complications
- Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis
- Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy
- Pneumocystis/immunology
- Pneumocystis/isolation & purification
- Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/complications
- Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/diagnosis
- Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/drug therapy
- Radiography, Thoracic
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa
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29
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Kazi JA, Nakamura O, Ohnishi T, Arakaki N, Kajihara T, Nakagawa S, Daikuhara Y. Changes with age of the rat fetuin concentration in serum and its mRNA expression. J Biochem 1998; 124:179-86. [PMID: 9644261 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat fetuin, a counterpart of human alpha2-HS glycoprotein and bovine fetuin, shows strong intermolecular binding and association with other serum proteins. Therefore, to measure its concentration in rat serum, we pretreated serum samples with 1% SDS plus 5% (ca. 0.7 M) 2-mercaptoethanol at 100 degrees C for 3 min, and then subjected them to SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions followed by Western blotting. We found that the fetuin concentrations in normal rat serum determined by Western blotting were 2.5-4.5 mg/ml. These concentrations were three orders of magnitude higher than the previously reported concentrations. We also tried to measure the fetuin concentration in rat serum by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after treatment of the samples with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) plus 10 mM 2-mercaptoethylamine at 100 degrees C for 3 min, but it gave a value of about 1/4 of that on Western blotting. Rat fetuin is expressed mainly in the liver, with a peak 2-4 weeks after birth, as determined by Northern blot analysis. The fetuin mRNA level in the liver changes almost in parallel with its serum concentration. The tibia also expresses fetuin, but much less than the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Kazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
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30
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Higa F, Kusano N, Tateyama M, Shinzato T, Arakaki N, Kawakami K, Saito A. Simplified quantitative assay system for measuring activities of drugs against intracellular Legionella pneumophila. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:1392-8. [PMID: 9574712 PMCID: PMC104835 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.36.5.1392-1398.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a new simple assay for the quantitation of the activities of drugs against intracellular Legionella pneumophila. The cells of a murine macrophage-like cell line (J774.1 cells) allowed the intracellular growth and replication of the bacteria, which ultimately resulted in cell death. The infected J774.1 cell monolayers in 96-well microplates were first treated with antibiotics and were further cultured for 72 h. The number of viable J774.1 cells in each well was quantified by a colorimetric assay with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reader. The number of growing bacteria in each well was also determined by counting the numbers of CFU on buffered charcoal yeast extract-alpha agar plates. Viable J774.1 cell counts, determined by the colorimetric assay, were inversely proportional to the number of intracellular replicating bacteria. The minimum extracellular concentrations (MIECs) of 24 antibiotics causing inhibition of intracellular growth of L. pneumophila were determined by the colorimetric assay system. The MIECs of beta-lactams and aminoglycosides were markedly higher than the MICs in buffered yeast extract-alpha broth. The MIECs of macrolides, fluoroquinolones, rifampin, and minocycline were similar to the respective MICs. According to their intracellular activities, clarithromycin and sparfloxacin were the most potent among the macrolides or fluoroquinolones tested in this study. Our results indicated that the MTT assay system allows comparative and quantitative evaluations of the intracellular activities of antibiotics and efficient processing of a large number of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Higa
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
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31
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Arakaki N, Kazi JA, Kazihara T, Ohnishi T, Daikuhara Y. Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor activates the apoptosis signaling pathway by increasing caspase-3 activity in sarcoma 180 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 245:211-5. [PMID: 9535810 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor, which is now known to be the same protein as scatter factor, induced oligonucleosomal fragmentation of nuclear DNA of Sarcoma 180 cells and increased the activity of caspase-3, a key component in control of the apoptotic cell death pathway to about 2.6 times that in control cells on 48 hr incubation, but did not increase the activity of caspase-1. Both HGF-induced DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity were completely inhibited by co-incubation with an inhibitor of caspase-3, Ac-DEVD-H. In contrast, HGF did not affect the expression of the apoptosis suppressors Bcl-2 and Bcl-x. These results indicate that HGF activates the apoptosis signaling pathway by increasing caspase-3 activity in Sarcoma 180 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
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32
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Harvey P, Warn A, Dobbin S, Arakaki N, Daikuhara Y, Jaurand MC, Warn RM. Expression of HGF/SF in mesothelioma cell lines and its effects on cell motility, proliferation and morphology. Br J Cancer 1998; 77:1052-9. [PMID: 9569039 PMCID: PMC2150119 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1998.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) was studied in 12 mesothelioma cell lines characterized by either an epithelioid or a fibroblast-like phenotype. Conditioned media from these lines were analysed by bioassay and ELISA, and HGF/SF was detected in three cell lines, all with a fibroblast-like or mixed morphology. None of eight epithelioid cell lines expressed the factor. Thus, for these cell lines, the ability to secrete HGF/SF correlated with the cell phenotype. Following on from these observations, two cell lines, BR and BT, with a fibroblast-like and an epithelioid phenotype, respectively, were further investigated. Both cell lines expressed the Met receptor but only BR secreted HGF/SF. Both cell lines responded to exogenous HGF/SF treatment by a change of morphology but in different ways: BR became more elongated and bipolar, while BT formed more spread-out cell colonies. HGF/SF acted as a paracrine effector on the epithelioid BT cells and stimulated both cell-spreading and proliferation. Interestingly, BT cells spread but did not scatter in response to exogenous HGF/SF. In contrast BR cells showed only some stimulation of cell motility with HGF/SF and no increase in cell proliferation was observed. Because HGF/SF was previously found in the pleural effusion fluids of patients with malignant mesothelioma and in paraffin-embedded tumour tissues, it is concluded that HGF/SF may well stimulate the growth and spread of malignant mesothelioma in vivo by paracrine and/or autocrine mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Harvey
- School of Biology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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33
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Arakaki N, Shinzato T, Tohyama M, Miyazato A, Higa F, Ohshiro H, Kaneshima H, Saito A. [A case of pulmonary sarcoidosis mimicking relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis]. Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1997; 35:1136-40. [PMID: 9465628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A 61-year-old woman was suspected of relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis. A chest X-ray film taken at a regular health check-up suggested relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis in a 61-year-old woman. Chest X-ray revealed irregular shadow with calcification in the upper lobe of the left lung and pulmonary tuberculosis was initially diagnosed a despite a negative reaction for acid-fast bacilli on examination of her sputum and bronchial lavage. Chest CT revealed thickened bronchi and blood vessels and nodules in the lung field. Transbronchial by biopsy failed to reveal caseating epithelioid cell granulomas transbronchial lung biopsy. Past history of facial palsy, uveitis, high plasma levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme (31.6IU/L), and abnormal HRCT levels. Bronchoalveolar lavage analysis revealed an increase in lymphocytes and a CD4/CD8 ratio of 8.67. Sarcoidosis was diagnosed after a liver biopsy. This appears that HRCT findings are useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of the Ryukyus
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34
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Ohnishi T, Nakamura O, Arakaki N, Daikuhara Y. Effect of phosphorylated rat fetuin on the growth of hepatocytes in primary culture in the presence of human hepatocyte-growth factor. Evidence that phosphorylated fetuin is a natural modulator of hepatocyte-growth factor. Eur J Biochem 1997; 243:753-61. [PMID: 9057842 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00753.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Rat fetuin, a counterpart of human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein and bovine fetuin, that is synthesized and secreted by hepatocytes is mostly phosphorylated, though rat fetuin isolated from bone matrix does not contain phosphorus. A rat 63-kDa phosphorylated N-glycoprotein (pp63) is the phosphorylated form of rat fetuin and pp63 has been shown to inhibit insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase activity. Therefore, we examined the effect of phosphorylated rat fetuin (phosphofetuin) on DNA synthesis in rat hepatocytes in culture in the presence of human hepatocyte-growth factor (HGF), since the human receptor of HGF, c-Met, is known to contain a tyrosine-kinase domain in its intracellular domain. We found that phosphofetuin from conditioned medium of rat-hepatocyte cultures dose-dependently decreased HGF-stimulated DNA synthesis in hepatocytes, whereas addition of non-phosphorylated rat fetuin had no effect. Addition of anti-(rat fetuin) Ig to the culture medium increased HGF-stimulated DNA synthesis by hepatocytes. Immunoprecipitation and cross-linking experiments showed that phosphofetuin bound to human HGF. We found that phosphofetuin interfered with binding of HGF to its specific receptor(s). These observations suggest that phosphofetuin synthesized by hepatocytes may be a natural modulator of HGF as a chalone, and that regulation of expression of phosphofetuin by growth factors and cytokines may be involved in liver regeneration under inflammatory conditions, such as in hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohnishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Sakuragaoka, Japan
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35
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Shao Q, Arakaki N, Ohnishi T, Nakamura O, Daikuhara Y. Effect of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor on lipogenesis in adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture. J Biochem 1996; 119:940-6. [PMID: 8797095 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/scatter factor is known to be the most potent mitogen for hepatocytes. In this paper, we report that lipogenesis in primary cultured rat hepatocytes treated with 10 ng/ml of recombinant human HGF (rhHGF) for 24 h was stimulated, as measured by the incorporation of 3H2O into long-chain fatty acids, to more than twice as much as the control. Insulin (0.1 microM) was more effective than rhHGF but rhHGF did not show an additive or synergistic effect when added to insulin. We also showed that treatment with rhHGF increased the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and malic enzyme, key enzymes which supply NADPH for lipogenesis, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme of lipogenesis. The increase in G6PDH and acetyl-CoA carboxylase activities was accompanied by increases in the levels of mRNA for the enzymes. These results suggest that HGF is involved in liver regeneration not only by stimulation of cell proliferation but also by acceleration of differentiation of hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Shao
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School
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36
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Sugiyama A, Arakaki R, Ohnishi T, Arakaki N, Daikuhara Y, Takada H. Lipoteichoic acid and interleukin 1 stimulate synergistically production of hepatocyte growth factor (scatter factor) in human gingival fibroblasts in culture. Infect Immun 1996; 64:1426-31. [PMID: 8606111 PMCID: PMC173936 DOI: 10.1128/iai.64.4.1426-1431.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoteichoic acids (LTA) from various gram-positive bacteria, including oral streptococci such as Streptococcus sanguis, enhanced the production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (scatter factor) by human gingival fibroblasts in culture, whereas lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from various gram-negative bacteria did not. In contrast, LPS induced interleukin 1 activity in human gingival epithelial cells in culture, while LTA had little effect. LTA and recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha enhanced synergistically the production of HGF/SF in human gingival fibroblast cultures. Recombinant human HGF, in turn, enhanced the proliferation of human gingival epithelial cells in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sugiyama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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37
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Eagles G, Warn A, Ball RY, Baillie-Johnson H, Arakaki N, Daikuhara Y, Warn RM. Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor is present in most pleural effusion fluids from cancer patients. Br J Cancer 1996; 73:377-81. [PMID: 8562345 PMCID: PMC2074438 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1996.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleural effusion samples were obtained from 55 patients with malignant disease, including patients with primary lung cancers and those with a variety of other tumours metastatic to the pleura. The effusions were assayed for the presence of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF), by both ELISA and bioassay. The presence of malignant cells in the effusions was also assessed. Detectable amounts of the factor, as judged by both criteria, were found in over 90% of all the effusions, including those from patients with a wide variety of carcinomas and also lymphomas. A wide range of HGF/SF levels were found for all tumour classes, some effusions containing high levels above 4 ng ml-1. It is concluded that tumours within the pleura and adjacent lung tissue are usually exposed to biologically significant levels of HGF/SF.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Eagles
- School of Biology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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38
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Arakaki N, Kawakami S, Nakamura O, Ohnishi T, Miyazaki H, Ishii T, Tsubouchi H, Daikuhara Y. Evidence for the presence of an inactive precursor of human hepatocyte growth factor in plasma and sera of patients with liver diseases. Hepatology 1995; 22:1728-34. [PMID: 7489981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF), which is now known to be the same protein as the scatter factor and the tumor cytotoxic factor, is a heterodimeric protein with one heavy chain and one light chain linked together by a disulfide bond, and is thought to be involved in liver regeneration. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis, we found that a significant amount of single chain precursor of hHGF (pro-hHGF) was present in plasma of patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) and that normal human serum contained a protease or proteases that convert pro-HGF to a heterodimeric (mature) form of hHGF. We also showed that the processing protease activity for hHGF was suppressed by such serine protease inhibitors as leupeptin, antipain, and aprotinin, and that sera of patients with liver diseases such as fulminant hepatic failure, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis contained not only pro-hHGF but also the protease. This is the first report showing the presence of pro-hHGF in human blood, and our observations suggest that hHGF is synthesized and secreted from the hHGF-producing cells as an inactive pro-hHGF after hepatic injuries, and the pro-hHGF is then converted to an active heterodimeric form of hHGF in the blood. It is also suggested that plasma of patients with liver diseases contains an active protease or proteases that convert pro-hHGF to a mature form of hHGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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39
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Kawakami S, Tsubouchi H, Nakagawa S, Hirono S, Arakaki N, Nakamura O, Daikuhara Y, Arima T. Expression of hepatocyte growth factor in normal and carbon tetrachloride-treated monkeys. Hepatology 1994; 20:1255-60. [PMID: 7927260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
We examined hepatocyte growth factor-producing organs in normal and carbon tetrachloride-treated Japanese monkeys, a species more related to human beings than rats, by measuring hepatocyte growth factor protein and hepatocyte growth factor mRNA in various tissues. Hepatocyte growth factor protein and hepatocyte growth factor mRNA levels were determined by use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human hepatocyte growth factor and Northern-blot analysis using human hepatocyte growth factor cDNA as a probe, respectively. Although very slight amounts of hepatocyte growth factor protein were found in various organs of normal monkeys, the hepatocyte growth factor protein levels were remarkably increased only in the livers and spleens of carbon tetrachloride-treated monkeys. Hepatocyte growth factor mRNA was distinctly detected in the livers, spleens, lungs, intestinal tracts, adrenal glands and aortas of normal monkeys. After the administration of carbon tetrachloride, the hepatocyte growth factor mRNA levels in the liver, spleen and gastrointestinal tract were markedly increased; the level in the lung was unchanged, differing from the findings in rats; and the levels in adrenal gland and aorta were unaltered. These results indicate that the liver is an important hepatocyte growth factor-producing organ in monkeys during liver regeneration and that hepatocyte growth factor induced in the liver may stimulate hepatocyte proliferation by way of a paracrine mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kawakami
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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40
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Ohnishi T, Nakamura O, Arakaki N, Miyazaki H, Daikuhara Y. Effects of cytokines and growth factors on phosphorylated fetuin biosynthesis by adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 200:598-605. [PMID: 7513166 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we showed that a 59 kDa non-phosphorylated sialoprotein purified from rat bone matrix is the rat counterpart of bovine fetuin and human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein and that fetuin synthesized and secreted by adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture is mostly phosphorylated (phosphofetuin), though fetuin is known to contain no phosphorus. Here we report that the rate of synthesis of phosphofetuin by hepatocytes in culture was reduced by inflammatory cytokines such as human interleukin (hIL)-6, human tumor necrosis factor-alpha and hIL-1 alpha, but dose-dependently stimulated by growth factors of hepatocytes, such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/scatter factor (SF), epidermal growth factor and insulin, as determined by metabolic labeling and Northern blot analysis using cDNA for rat fetuin as a probe. We also showed that administration of HGF/SF stimulated gene expression of rat fetuin in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohnishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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41
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Tamura M, Arakaki N, Tsubouchi H, Takada H, Daikuhara Y. Enhancement of human hepatocyte growth factor production by interleukin-1 alpha and -1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by fibroblasts in culture. J Biol Chem 1993; 268:8140-5. [PMID: 7681834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) was first purified from plasma of patients with fulminant hepatic failure (Gohda, E., Tsubouchi, H., Nakayama, H., Hirono, S., Sakiyama, O., Takahashi, K., Miyazaki, H., Hashimoto, S., and Daikuhara, Y. (1988) J. Clin. Invest. 81, 414-419) and is now identified to be the same protein as the scatter factor (Weidner, K. M., Arakaki, N., Hartmann, G., Vandekerckhove, J., Weingart, S., Rieder, H., Fonatsch, C., Tsubouchi, H., Hishida, T., Daikuhara, Y., and Birchmeier, W. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 88, 7001-7005) and tumor cytotoxic factor (Shima, N., Nakao, M., Ogaki, F., Tsuda, E., Murakami, A., and Higashio, K. (1991) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 180, 1151-1158), and it is known to be produced by fibroblasts in culture. Here we report that inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) stimulate production of hHGF from human embryonic lung fibroblasts, MRC-5, and human gingival fibroblasts, GF-5. Recombinant human IL-1 alpha (rhIL-1 alpha) and recombinant human TNF-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) increased hHGF levels in culture supernatants of MRC-5 and GF-5 cells dose-dependently as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for hHGF. The half-maximal stimulatory concentrations of rhIL-1 alpha and rhTNF-alpha were about 1ng/ml and 10 units/ml, respectively. rhIL-1 beta showed almost the same effect as IL-1 alpha on stimulation of production of immunoreactive hHGF from the two cell lines. However, rhIL-6 failed to show the stimulatory effect on hHGF production by the cells in the range of 2-200 units/ml. Human interferon-beta and -gamma also did not show the stimulatory activity. Stimulation of hHGF production was observed 6-12 h after addition of rhIL-1 alpha or rhTNF-alpha and lasted at least 48 h, and the observed stimulation of hHGF production by cytokines was suppressed by addition of corresponding antiserum. hHGF mRNA levels of MRC-5 cells increased by addition of rhIL-1 alpha and rhTNF-alpha in a dose-dependent manner as determined by Northern blot analysis using cDNA for hHGF as a probe. In addition, results from nuclear run-off transcription experiments showed that the two cytokines regulated increasing hHGF gene expression at transcriptional levels rather than a change in mRNA stability. These observations indicate that the inflammatory cytokines modulate the production and secretion of hHGF by fibroblasts and may play an important role for tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tamura
- Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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Ohnishi T, Nakamura O, Ozawa M, Arakaki N, Muramatsu T, Daikuhara Y. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for a 59 kD bone sialoprotein of the rat: demonstration that it is a counterpart of human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein and bovine fetuin. J Bone Miner Res 1993; 8:367-77. [PMID: 7681247 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.5650080314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A complementary DNA (cDNA) for the 59 kD bone sialoprotein, which is supposed to be the rat counterpart of human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein (alpha 2-HSG) and is synthesized by both hepatocytes and osteoblasts, has been cloned from a rat liver cDNA library. Polyclonal rabbit antibodies to rat 59 kD bone sialoprotein were used to identify and isolate the cDNA. The amino acid sequence of 59 kD bone sialoprotein deduced from the cDNA revealed that the entire protein consisted of 352 amino acid residues, including a signal peptide of 18 amino acid residues, and contained three possible N-glycosylation sites. On Northern blot analysis of rat liver, an mRNA of about 1.5 kilobases was detected. An mRNA of 59 kD bone sialoprotein was also detectable in rat bone but not in other tissues, such as kidney, brain, and lung. A computer search of protein and nucleic acid data bases revealed that 68.2, 63.2, and 97.4% amino acid residues of 59 kD bone sialoprotein were identical with those of human alpha 2-HSG, bovine fetuin, and rat phosphorylated N-glycoprotein (pp63), respectively. The positions of cysteine residues in 59 kD bone sialoprotein also completely matched those in human alpha 2-HSG and bovine fetuin, indicating that the sialoprotein is the rat counterpart of human alpha 2-HSG and bovine fetuin. In addition, comparison of the nucleotide sequence of cDNA for rat fetuin/alpha 2-HSG with that for pp63 recently corrected showed only two differences in nucleotides in the entire protein coding regions of the two proteins, and immunoreactive rat fetuin/alpha 2-HSG in the conditioned medium of adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture was found to be phosphorylated. Thus, because rat fetuin/alpha 2-HSG isolated from bone and synthesized by osteoblasts in culture does not contain phosphorus, it seems to be pp63 dephosphorylated during circulation or in the bone matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohnishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Sakuragaoka, Japan
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Tsubouchi H, Kawakami S, Hirono S, Miyazaki H, Kimoto M, Arima T, Sekiyama K, Yoshiba M, Arakaki N, Daikuhara Y. Prediction of outcome in fulminant hepatic failure by serum human hepatocyte growth factor. Lancet 1992; 340:307. [PMID: 1353217 DOI: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)92396-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kenworthy P, Dowrick P, Baillie-Johnson H, McCann B, Tsubouchi H, Arakaki N, Daikuhara Y, Warn RM. The presence of scatter factor in patients with metastatic spread to the pleura. Br J Cancer 1992; 66:243-7. [PMID: 1387000 PMCID: PMC1977819 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1992.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural effusion fluid obtained from eleven patients with metastatic spread to the pleura was screened for the ability to cause the dispersal--'scattering'--of MDCK colonies in vitro. Four of these samples proved to be positive using this assay. Of these two had titres high enough to warrant further purification on a cation exchange Mono S column. Active material from both lung samples, eluted at the same positions as factor from cultured human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) and human placenta but in a slightly different position to murine scatter factor. In both cases the semi-purified active agent was identified as hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) using an ELISA detection system specific for human HGF/SF. This is the first report identifying the presence of significant amounts of HGF/SF in the pleura of patients where malignant spread has occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kenworthy
- School of Biology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Arakaki N, Hirono S, Kawakami S, Tsubouchi H, Ishii T, Hara H, Daikuhara Y. Effects of protein kinase inhibitors on the mitogenic activity of human hepatocyte growth factor on rat hepatocytes in primary culture. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 185:22-8. [PMID: 1534655 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(05)80949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the role of protein phosphorylation reactions in signal transduction of human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF), now known to be the same protein as the scatter factor and tumor cytotoxic factor, we examined the effects of various inhibitors of protein kinases on the mitogenic activity of hHGF on rat hepatocytes in primary culture. Genistein, a specific inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, dose-dependently inhibited the effect of hHGF in stimulating DNA synthesis of hepatocytes. By contrast, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2- methylpiperazine (H7), a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, potentiated the stimulatory effect of hHGF on DNA synthesis of hepatocytes. H7 was effective at over 2 micrograms/ml and potentiated the effect of hHGF over 2-fold at 20 micrograms/ml. On the other hand, an inhibitor of Ca++/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase inhibited both the basal and hHGF-stimulated DNA synthesis in the cells, whereas an inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases had little effect on the action of hHGF. These results suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation is required for stimulation of hepatocyte DNA synthesis by hHGF and that the action of hHGF is negatively regulated by protein kinase C activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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Arakaki N, Hirono S, Ishii T, Kimoto M, Kawakami S, Nakayama H, Tsubouchi H, Hishida T, Daikuhara Y. Identification and partial characterization of two classes of receptors for human hepatocyte growth factor on adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:7101-7. [PMID: 1313034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize the receptor(s) for human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF), a physiological hepatotrophic factor involved in liver regeneration following hepatic injury, recombinant hHGF (rhHGF) was radioiodinated. The labeled rhHGF retained its full biological activity on adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture. The specific binding of [125I]iodo-rhHGF to hepatocytes reached a plateau within 240 min at 4 degrees C. Scatchard plot analysis of the binding data suggested the presence of two classes of high affinity binding sites for [125I]iodo-rhHGF. One of the sites had a dissociation constant (Kd) of about 4.6 pM with 300 sites/cell and the other has a Kd of about 275 pM with 15,160 sites/cell. Unlabeled rhHGF displaced cell surface-bound [125I]iodo-rhHGF in a dose-dependent manner as did native hHGF purified from plasma of patients with fulminant hepatic failure. However, other growth factors to rat hepatocytes in primary culture such as insulin and human epidermal growth factor, and proteins which have high amino acid sequence-homology to hHGF such as plasminogen and prothrombin, did not compete with [125I]iodo-rhHGF in the binding, which suggests the binding was specific to hHGF. Covalent cross-linking experiment of [125I]iodo-rhHGF to cell surface receptor(s) on hepatocytes showed there were two macromolecular species with apparent molecular weights of 330,000 and 230,000. Unlabeled rhHGF and native hHGF competed for the binding of [125I]iodo-rhHGF to the two macromolecular species, but insulin, human epidermal growth factor, plasminogen, and prothrombin did not. Based upon our estimated molecular weight of rhHGF = 84,000, these results suggest that hHGF specifically binds to two polypeptides of 246,000 and 146,000 daltons which are likely to represent the hHGF receptors of primary cultured rat hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arakaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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Arakaki N, Hirono S, Ishii T, Kimoto M, Kawakami S, Nakayama H, Tsubouchi H, Hishida T, Daikuhara Y. Identification and partial characterization of two classes of receptors for human hepatocyte growth factor on adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Weidner KM, Arakaki N, Hartmann G, Vandekerckhove J, Weingart S, Rieder H, Fonatsch C, Tsubouchi H, Hishida T, Daikuhara Y. Evidence for the identity of human scatter factor and human hepatocyte growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991; 88:7001-5. [PMID: 1831266 PMCID: PMC52221 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.88.16.7001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 475] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Scatter factor (SF), a secretory protein of fibroblasts, dissociates and increases the motility of epithelial cells and may be involved in cell migration processes during embryogenesis and tumor progression. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a protein isolated from serum of patients with liver failure, is a potent mitogen for hepatocytes and is thought to play a role in liver regeneration. Here we present structural and functional evidence that human SF and human HGF (and also the human lung fibroblast-derived mitogen) are identical proteins encoded by a single gene, since (i) no major difference could be found by protein sequencing, by cDNA analysis, and by immunological comparison and (ii) SF in fact acts as a hepatocyte growth factor--i.e., stimulates DNA synthesis of activity--i.e., dissociates and induces invasiveness of various epithelial cells. The human SF/HGF gene was localized to chromosome bands 7q11.2-21. These results have important consequences for further studies on the involvement of SF/HGF as a modulator of cellular growth and motility in embryonal, malignant, and regenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Weidner
- Institut für Zellbiologie (Tumorforschung), Medical School, Essen, Federal Republic of Germany
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Ohnishi T, Arakaki N, Nakamura O, Hirono S, Daikuhara Y. Purification, characterization, and studies on biosynthesis of a 59-kDa bone sialic acid-containing protein (BSP) from rat mandible using a monoclonal antibody. Evidence that 59-kDa BSP may be the rat counterpart of human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein and is synthesized by both hepatocytes and osteoblasts. J Biol Chem 1991; 266:14636-45. [PMID: 1860865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody was raised against a mineralized tissue-specific sialoprotein containing no phosphorus using partially purified noncollagenous bone matrix proteins from rats as antigen. Then the sialoprotein was purified by high performance liquid chromatography from rat mandibulae using the monoclonal antibody as a marker. The sialoprotein (59-kDa bone sialoprotein (BSP)) with a molecular weight of 59,000 contained 1.4% sialic acid but no detectable phosphorus. Immunohistochemical studies with the antibody showed that the protein was specific to mineralized tissues such as bone and dentin, and present in osteoblasts, osteocytes, and bone matrix. No other soft tissues, such as the cartilage, liver, kidney, and periosteum, were stained. However, Western blot analysis showed that plasma contained immunoreactive 59-kDa BSP. The quantitative amino acid composition of 59-kDa BSP resembled that of human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein (alpha 2-HSG) (Lee, C.-C., Bowman, B.H., and Yang, F. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 4403-4407; Kellermann, J., Haupt, H., Auerswald, E.-A., and Muller-Esterl, W. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 14121-14128) and rat 64-kDa protein (Franzén, A., and Heinegård, D. (1985) in The Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues (Butler, W.T., ed), p. 132, EBSCO Media, Birmingham, AL). Amino acid sequence analyses of the amino-terminal region and four peptide fragments of 59-kDa BSP revealed that about 50% of the amino acids were homologous with those of human alpha 2-HSG, which is known to be synthesized by the liver, transported in the bloodstream, and incorporated into calcified tissues. But when newborn rat calvaria, primary cultures of osteoblast-rich cells, and adult rat hepatocytes were incubated with radioactive leucine, immunoreactive 59-kDa BSP was detected in their conditioned medium by fluorography. Several characteristics, including the amino acid sequence, suggest that 59-kDa BSP may be the rat counterpart of human alpha 2-HSG. However, rat 59-kDa BSP is a single peptide and synthesized by both osteoblasts and hepatocytes, whereas human alpha 2-HSG is known to be a heterodimer and to be synthesized by the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohnishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan
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Ohnishi T, Arakaki N, Nakamura O, Hirono S, Daikuhara Y. Purification, characterization, and studies on biosynthesis of a 59-kDa bone sialic acid-containing protein (BSP) from rat mandible using a monoclonal antibody. Evidence that 59-kDa BSP may be the rat counterpart of human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein and is synthesized by both hepatocytes and osteoblasts. J Biol Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)98733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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