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Malfatti E, Marrosu G, Stojkovic T, DiMauro S, Dominguez-Gonzalez C, Hernandez-Lain A, Van den Bergh P, Petit F, Oldfors A, Vissing J, Laforêt P. POMPE DISEASE AND METABOLIC DISORDERS. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Barca E, Musumeci O, Montagnese F, Marino S, Granata F, Nunnari D, Peverelli L, DiMauro S, Quinzii CM, Toscano A. Cerebellar ataxia and severe muscle CoQ10 deficiency in a patient with a novel mutation in ADCK3. Clin Genet 2016; 90:156-60. [PMID: 26818466 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Inherited ataxias are a group of heterogeneous disorders in children or adults but their genetic definition remains still undetermined in almost half of the patients. However, CoQ10 deficiency is a rare cause of cerebellar ataxia and ADCK3 is the most frequent gene associated with this defect. We herein report a 48 year old man, who presented with dysarthria and walking difficulties. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a marked cerebellar atrophy. Serum lactate was elevated. Tissues obtained by muscle and skin biopsies were studied for biochemical and genetic characterization. Skeletal muscle biochemistry revealed decreased activities of complexes I+III and II+III and a severe reduction of CoQ10 , while skin fibroblasts showed normal CoQ10 levels. A mild loss of maximal respiration capacity was also found by high-resolution respirometry. Molecular studies identified a novel homozygous deletion (c.504del_CT) in ADCK3, causing a premature stop codon. Western blot analysis revealed marked reduction of ADCK3 protein levels. Treatment with CoQ10 was started and, after 1 year follow-up, patient neurological condition slightly improved. This report suggests the importance of investigating mitochondrial function and, in particular, muscle CoQ10 levels, in patients with adult-onset cerebellar ataxia. Moreover, clinical stabilization by CoQ10 supplementation emphasizes the importance of an early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Barca
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - O Musumeci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - F Montagnese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Marino
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - F Granata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - D Nunnari
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - L Peverelli
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S DiMauro
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - C M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Toscano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Leigh
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Trafford Centre for Biomedical Science, University of Sussex, East Sussex, UK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Al-Sarraj
- Department of Neuropathology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S DiMauro
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
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Kornblum C, Nicholls T, Haack T, Schoeler S, Peeva V, Danhauser K, Hallmann K, Zsurka G, Rorbach J, Iuso A, Wieland T, Sciacco M, Ronchi D, Comi G, Moggio M, Quinzii C, DiMauro S, Calvo S, Mootha V, Klopstock T, Strom T, Meitinger T, Minczuk M, Kunz W, Prokisch H. O.24 Loss of function of MGME1, a novel player in mitochondrial DNA replication, causes a distinct autosomal recessive mitochondrial disorder. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Behin A, Laforêt P, Malfatti E, Pellegrini N, Hayashi Y, Carlier R, Orlikowski D, DiMauro S, Nishino I, Romero N. P.15.10 Megaconial myopathy presenting as a progressive limb-girdle myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Emmanuele V, Silvers D, Sotiriou E, Tanji K, DiMauro S, Hirano M. MERRF and Kearns-Sayre Overlap Syndrome Due to the Mitochondrial DNA M.3291T>C Mutation (P07.209). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p07.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Garone C, Rubio JC, Calvo S, Naini A, Tanji K, DiMauro S, Mootha V, Hirano M. New MPV17 Mutations Associated with Multiple Deletions in Skeletal Muscle (S55.002). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s55.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Garone C, Calvo S, Emmanuele V, Akman OH, Kaplan P, Krishna S, Mootha V, DiMauro S, Hirano M. MitoExome Sequencing Reveals a Mutation in the Mitochondrial MRPL51 Gene Causing Infantile Encephalopathy (P05.139). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p05.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Emmanuele V, Silvers D, Sotiriou E, Tanji K, DiMauro S, Hirano M. MERRF and Kearns-Sayre Overlap Syndrome Due to the Mitochondrial DNA M.3291T>C Mutation (IN7-1.008). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.in7-1.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Garone C, Rubio JC, Calvo S, Naini A, Tanji K, DiMauro S, Mootha V, Hirano M. New MPV17 Mutations Associated with Multiple Deletions in Skeletal Muscle (IN7-2.003). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.in7-2.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Gutierrez Rios P, Kalra AA, Wilson J, Tanji K, Akman H, Area E, Schon E, DiMauro S. Congenital Megaconial Myopathy Due to a Novel Defect in the Choline Kinase beta (CHKB) Gene (P01.116). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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DiMauro S, Spiegel R. Progress and problems in muscle glycogenoses. Acta Myol 2011; 30:96-102. [PMID: 22106711 PMCID: PMC3235878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In this selective review, we consider a number of unsolved questions regarding the glycogen storage diseases (GSD). Thus, the pathogenesis of Pompe disease (GSD II) is not simply explained by excessive intralysosomal glycogen storage and may relate to a more general dysfunction of autophagy. It is not clear why debrancher deficiency (GSD III) causes fixed myopathy rather than exercise intolerance, unless this is due to the frequent accompanying neuropathy. The infantile neuromuscular presentation of branching enzyme deficiency (GSD IV) is underdiagnosed and is finally getting the attention it deserves. On the other hand, the late-onset variant of GSD IV (adult polyglucosan body disease APBD) is one of several polyglucosan disorders (including Lafora disease) due to different etiologies. We still do not understand the clinical heterogeneity of McArdle disease (GSD V) or the molecular basis of the rare fatal infantile form. Similarly, the multisystemic infantile presentation of phosphofructokinase deficiency (GSD VII) is a conundrum. We observed an interesting association between phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency (GSD IX) and juvenile Parkinsonism, which is probably causal rather than casual. Also unexplained is the frequent and apparently specific association of phosphoglycerate mutase deficiency (GSD X) and tubular aggregates. By paying more attention to problems than to progress, we aimed to look to the future rather than to the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. DiMauro
- Address for correspondence: Salvatore DiMauro, MD, 4-424B College of Physicians & Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY
10032, USA. Tel. +212 305 1662. Fax +212 305 3986. E-mail:
| | - R. Spiegel
- Department of Pediatrics, HaEmek Medical
Center, Rappaport School of Medicine, Afula, Israel
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Taratuto AL, Akman HO, Saccoliti M, Riudavets M, Arakaki N, Mesa L, Sevlever G, Goebel H, DiMauro S. Branching enzyme deficiency/glycogenosis storage disease type IV presenting as a severe congenital hypotonia: muscle biopsy and autopsy findings, biochemical and molecular genetic studies. Neuromuscul Disord 2010; 20:783-90. [PMID: 20833045 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2010.07.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The fatal infantile neuromuscular presentation of branching enzyme deficiency (glycogen storage disease type IV) due to mutations in the gene encoding the glycogen branching enzyme, is a rare but probably underdiagnosed cause of congenital hypotonia. We report an infant girl with severe generalized hypotonia, born at 33 weeks gestation who required ventilatory assistance since birth. She had bilateral ptosis, mild knee and foot contractures and echocardiographic evidence of cardiomyopathy. A muscle biopsy at 1 month of age showed typical polyglucosan storage. The autopsy at 3.5 months of age showed frontal cortex polymicrogyria and polyglucosan bodies in neurons of basal ganglia, thalamus, substantia innominata, brain stem, and myenteric plexus, as well as liver involvement. Glycogen branching enzyme activity in muscle was virtually undetectable. Sequencing of the GBE1 gene revealed a homozygous 28 base pair deletion and a single base insertion at the same site in exon 5. This case confirms previous observations that GBE deficiency ought to be included in the differential diagnosis of congenital hypotonia and that the phenotype correlates with the 'molecular severity' of the mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Taratuto
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Neurological Research, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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DiMauro S. IN58-TH-03 Myopathy in metabolic disorders (carbohydrate and lipid). J Neurol Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(09)70203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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García-Cazorla A, Wolf NI, Serrano M, Pérez-Dueñas B, Pineda M, Campistol J, Fernández-Alvarez E, Colomer J, DiMauro S, Hoffmann GF. Inborn errors of metabolism and motor disturbances in children. J Inherit Metab Dis 2009; 32:618-29. [PMID: 19731074 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-009-1194-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Motor disturbances are very common in paediatric neurology. Often families can be reassured that these are just variants of normal development. However, abnormal movements can also be the hallmark of severe brain dysfunction of different and complex origins. This review concentrates on motor disturbances as frequent and important symptoms of inborn errors of metabolism. A structured diagnostic approach is developed taking into account age-dependent physiological developments and pathophysiological responses of gross and fine motor functions. A series of investigations are presented with the primary aim of early diagnosis of treatable conditions. The correct recognition and differentiation of movement disorders (ataxia, rigid akinetic syndrome (Fparkinsonism_), dystonia, athetosis, tremor,and others), spasticity, and neuromuscular disorders, requires profound neurological expertise. A high level of suspicion and close interaction between paediatric neurologists and specialists in inborn errors of metabolism are indispensable to effectively and timely identify patients in whom motor disturbances are the presenting and/or main symptom of an inborn error.
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Affiliation(s)
- A García-Cazorla
- Neurology and Metabolism Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.
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Anderson SL, Chung WK, Frezzo J, Papp JC, Ekstein J, DiMauro S, Rubin BY. A novel mutation in NDUFS4 causes Leigh syndrome in an Ashkenazi Jewish family. J Inherit Metab Dis 2008; 31 Suppl 2:S461-7. [PMID: 19107570 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-008-1049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Revised: 11/13/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome is a neurodegenerative disorder of infancy or childhood generally due to mutations in nuclear or mitochondrial genes involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. We performed linkage analysis in an Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) family without consanguinity with three affected children. Linkage to microsatellite markers D5S1969 and D5S407 led to evaluation of the complex I gene NDUFS4, in which we identified a novel homozygous c.462delA mutation that disrupts the reading frame. The resulting protein lacks a cAMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site required for activation of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. In a random sample of 5000 healthy AJ individuals, the carrier frequency of the NDUFS4 mutation c.462delA was 1 in 1000, suggesting that it should be considered in all AJ patients with Leigh syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, 441 E. Fordham Rd., Bronx, NY 10458, USA
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Ørngreen MC, Schelhaas HJ, Jeppesen TD, Akman HO, Wevers RA, Andersen ST, ter Laak HJ, van Diggelen OP, DiMauro S, Vissing J. Is muscle glycogenolysis impaired in X-linked phosphorylase b kinase deficiency? Neurology 2008; 70:1876-82. [PMID: 18401027 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000289190.66955.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is unclear to what extent muscle phosphorylase b kinase (PHK) deficiency is associated with exercise-related symptoms and impaired muscle metabolism, because 1) only four patients have been characterized at the molecular level, 2) reported symptoms have been nonspecific, and 3) lactate responses to ischemic handgrip exercise have been normal. METHODS We studied a 50-year-old man with X-linked PHK deficiency using ischemic forearm and cycle ergometry exercise tests to define the derangement of muscle metabolism. We compared our findings with those in patients with McArdle disease and in healthy subjects. RESULTS Sequencing of PHKA1 showed a novel pathogenic mutation (c.831G>A) in exon 7. There was a normal increase of plasma lactate during forearm ischemic exercise, but lactate did not change during dynamic, submaximal exercise in contrast to the fourfold increase in healthy subjects. Constant workload elicited a second wind in all patients with McArdle disease, but not in the patient with PHK deficiency. IV glucose administration appeared to improve exercise tolerance in the patient with PHK deficiency, but not to the same extent as in the patients with McArdle disease. Lipolysis was higher in the patient with PHK deficiency than in controls. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that X-linked PHK deficiency causes a mild metabolic myopathy with blunted muscle glycogen breakdown and impaired lactate production during dynamic exercise, which impairs oxidative capacity only marginally. The different response of lactate to submaximal and maximal exercise is likely related to differential activation mechanisms for myophosphorylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Ørngreen
- Neuromuscular Research Unit 7611, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Konstantinidou A, Anninos H, Dertinger S, Nonni A, Petersen M, Karadimas C, Havaki S, Marinos E, Akman H, DiMauro S, Patsouris E. Placental Involvement in Glycogen Storage Disease Type IV. Placenta 2008; 29:378-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2008.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Tuppen HAL, Fattori F, Carrozzo R, Zeviani M, DiMauro S, Seneca S, Martindale JE, Olpin SE, Treacy EP, McFarland R, Santorelli FM, Taylor RW. Further pitfalls in the diagnosis of mtDNA mutations: homoplasmic mt-tRNA mutations. J Med Genet 2008; 45:55-61. [PMID: 18178636 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2007.051185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are important causes of human genetic disease, with mutations in tRNA genes particularly prevalent. In many patients, mutations are heteroplasmic, affecting a population of mtDNA molecules. Establishing the pathogenicity of homoplasmic mitochondrial tRNA (mt-tRNA) mutations, in which the mutation is present in every mtDNA molecule, is extremely difficult. These mutations must conform to specific pathogenic criteria, documenting unequivocally a functional defect of the mutant mt-tRNA. AIMS To investigate the pathogenic nature of two homoplasmic mt-tRNA(Thr) deletions, m.15940delT (previously reported as pathogenic) and m.15937delA, by assessing the steady state levels of the mutant mt-tRNA in tissue and cell-line samples from six unrelated families, in which affected individuals were thoroughly investigated for mitochondrial DNA disease on the basis of clinical presentations. Rates of de novo mitochondrial protein synthesis were also examined in control and m.15937delA mutant fibroblasts. RESULTS Our data strongly suggest that both single nucleotide deletions are neutral polymorphisms; no obvious defects were apparent in either steady state mt-tRNA(Thr) levels or rates of mitochondrial protein synthesis. CONCLUSIONS These findings have important implications for the investigation of other families with suspected mtDNA disease, in particular the requirement to fulfil strict and established pathogenic criteria in order to avoid misattribution of pathogenicity to mt-tRNA variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A L Tuppen
- Mitochondrial Research Group, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 or ubiquinone) is a lipid-soluble component of virtually all cell membranes and has multiple metabolic functions. A major function of CoQ10 is to transport electrons from complexes I and II to complex III in the respiratory chain which resides in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Deficiencies of CoQ10 (MIM 607426) have been associated with four major clinical phenotypes: 1) encephalomyopathy characterized by a triad of recurrent myoglobinuria, brain involvement, and ragged-red fibers; 2) infantile multisystemic disease typically with prominent nephropathy and encephalopathy; 3) cerebellar ataxia with marked cerebellar atrophy; and 4) pure myopathy. Primary CoQ10 deficiencies due to mutations in ubiquinone biosynthetic genes (COQ2, PDSS1, PDSS2, and ADCK3 [CABC1]) have been identified in patients with the infantile multisystemic and cerebellar ataxic phenotypes. In contrast, secondary CoQ10 deficiencies, due to mutations in genes not directly related to ubiquinone biosynthesis (APTX, ETFDH, and BRAF), have been identified in patients with cerebellar ataxia, pure myopathy, and cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome. In many patients with CoQ10 deficiencies, the causative molecular genetic defects remain unknown; therefore, it is likely that mutations in additional genes will be identified as causes of CoQ10 deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Hirano M, Martí R, Casali C, Tadesse S, Uldrick T, Fine B, Escolar DM, Valentino ML, Nishino I, Hesdorffer C, Schwartz J, Hawks RG, Martone DL, Cairo MS, DiMauro S, Stanzani M, Garvin JH, Savage DG. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation corrects biochemical derangements in MNGIE. Neurology 2006; 67:1458-60. [PMID: 16971696 PMCID: PMC4345106 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000240853.97716.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is a multisystemic autosomal recessive disease due to primary thymidine phosphorylase (TP) deficiency. To restore TP activity, we performed reduced intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantations (alloSCTs) in two patients. In the first, alloSCT failed to engraft, but the second achieved mixed donor chimerism, which partially restored buffy coat TP activity and lowered plasma nucleosides. Thus, alloSCT can correct biochemical abnormalities in the blood of patients with MNGIE, but clinical efficacy remains unproven.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168 St., P&S 4-443, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Kaufmann P, Engelstad K, Wei Y, Jhung S, Sano MC, Shungu DC, Millar WS, Hong X, Gooch CL, Mao X, Pascual JM, Hirano M, Stacpoole PW, DiMauro S, De Vivo DC. Dichloroacetate causes toxic neuropathy in MELAS: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Neurology 2006; 66:324-30. [PMID: 16476929 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000196641.05913.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of dichloroacetate (DCA) in the treatment of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). BACKGROUND High levels of ventricular lactate, the brain spectroscopic signature of MELAS, correlate with more severe neurologic impairment. The authors hypothesized that chronic cerebral lactic acidosis exacerbates neuronal injury in MELAS and therefore, investigated DCA, a potent lactate-lowering agent, as potential treatment for MELAS. METHODS The authors conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, 3-year cross-over trial of DCA (25 mg/kg/day) in 30 patients (aged 10 to 60 years) with MELAS and the A3243G mutation. Primary outcome measure was a Global Assessment of Treatment Efficacy (GATE) score based on a health-related event inventory, and on neurologic, neuropsychological, and daily living functioning. Biologic outcome measures included venous, CSF, and 1H MRSI-estimated brain lactate. Blood tests and nerve conduction studies were performed to monitor safety. RESULTS During the initial 24-month treatment period, 15 of 15 patients randomized to DCA were taken off study medication, compared to 4 of 15 patients randomized to placebo. Study medication was discontinued in 17 of 19 patients because of onset or worsening of peripheral neuropathy. The clinical trial was terminated early because of peripheral nerve toxicity. The mean GATE score was not significantly different between treatment arms. CONCLUSION DCA at 25 mg/kg/day is associated with peripheral nerve toxicity resulting in a high rate of medication discontinuation and early study termination. Under these experimental conditions, the authors were unable to detect any beneficial effect. The findings show that DCA-associated neuropathy overshadows the assessment of any potential benefit in MELAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA.
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Abstract
The small, maternally inherited mtDNA has turned out to be a Pandora's box of pathogenic mutations: 12 years into the era of "mitochondrial medicine," about 100 pathogenic point mutations and innumerable rearrangements have been associated with a bewildering variety of multisystemic as well as tissue-specific human diseases. After reviewing the principles of mitochondrial genetics, we compare and contrast the clinical and pathological features of disorders due to mutations in genes affecting mitochondrial protein synthesis with those of mutations in protein-coding genes. In contrast to the striking progress in our understanding of etiology, pathogenesis is only partially explained by the rules of mitochondrial genetics and remains largely terra incognita. We review recent progress in prenatal diagnosis and epidemiology. Therapy is still woefully inadequate, but a number of promising approaches are being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S DiMauro
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Shepherd RK, Checcarelli N, Naini A, De Vivo DC, DiMauro S, Sue CM. Measurement of ATP production in mitochondrial disorders. J Inherit Metab Dis 2006; 29:86-91. [PMID: 16601873 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-006-0148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2005] [Accepted: 10/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by mutations in both nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Mitochondrial disease leads to impaired respiratory chain function and reduced ATP production. The aim of this study was to compare disturbances in mitochondrial function by measuring ATP synthesis in fibroblasts derived from patients with nDNA and mtDNA defects. Skin fibroblasts derived from 22 patients with either nDNA-related disorders (n = 8) or mtDNA-related disorders (n = 14) were analysed. ATP synthesis was markedly decreased in fibroblasts derived from patients with nDNA-related disorders but only variably so in patients with mtDNA mutations. In fibroblasts with the MELAS 3243A > G mutation, ATP synthesis correlated with mutant load. We believe that the observed differences in ATP production between cell lines derived from patients with nDNA-related disorders and mtDNA-related disorders may help in the assessment of patients with undiagnosed mitochondrial disease. The clinical comparisons observed in patients with nDNA- and mtDNA-related disorders may be explained by differences in the disturbance of ATP synthesis measured in the two conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Shepherd
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonard's, NSW, Australia
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29
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Horvath R, Schneiderat P, Schoser BGH, Gempel K, Neuen-Jacob E, Plöger H, Müller-Höcker J, Pongratz DE, Naini A, DiMauro S, Lochmüller H. Coenzyme Q10 deficiency and isolated myopathy. Neurology 2006; 66:253-5. [PMID: 16434667 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000194241.35115.7c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Three unrelated, sporadic patients with muscle coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency presented at 32, 29, and 6 years of age with proximal muscle weakness and elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate levels, but without myoglobinuria, ataxia, or seizures. Muscle biopsy showed lipid storage myopathy, combined deficiency of respiratory chain complexes I and III, and CoQ10 levels below 50% of normal. Oral high-dose CoQ10 supplementation improved muscle strength dramatically and normalized serum CK.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Horvath
- Metabolic Disease Center Munich-Schwabing, Institutes of Clinical Chemistry, Molecular Diagnostics and Mitochondrial Genetics, Academic Hospital Schwabing, Munich, Germany
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30
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Abstract
The authors measured the absolute amount of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) within single muscle fibers from two patients with thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) deficiency and two healthy controls. TK2 deficient fibers containing more than 0.01 mtDNA/microm3 had residual cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity. This defines the minimum amount of wild-type mtDNA molecules required to maintain COX activity in skeletal muscle and provides an explanation for the mosaic histochemical pattern seen in patients with mtDNA depletion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Durham
- Mitochondrial Research Group, The University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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31
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Salviati L, Sacconi S, Murer L, Zacchello G, Franceschini L, Laverda AM, Basso G, Quinzii C, Angelini C, Hirano M, Naini AB, Navas P, DiMauro S, Montini G. Infantile encephalomyopathy and nephropathy with CoQ10 deficiency: A CoQ10-responsive condition. Neurology 2005; 65:606-8. [PMID: 16116126 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000172859.55579.a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency has been associated with various clinical phenotypes, including an infantile multisystem disorder. The authors report a 33-month-old boy who presented with corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in whom progressive encephalomyopathy later developed. CoQ10 was decreased both in muscle and in fibroblasts. Oral CoQ10 improved the neurologic picture but not the renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Salviati
- Università di Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy.
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32
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Bruno C, van Diggelen OP, Cassandrini D, Gimpelev M, Giuffrè B, Donati MA, Introvini P, Alegria A, Assereto S, Morandi L, Mora M, Tonoli E, Mascelli S, Traverso M, Pasquini E, Bado M, Vilarinho L, van Noort G, Mosca F, DiMauro S, Zara F, Minetti C. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity of branching enzyme deficiency (glycogenosis type IV). Neurology 2005; 63:1053-8. [PMID: 15452297 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000138429.11433.0d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD-IV) is a clinically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder due to glycogen branching enzyme (GBE) deficiency and resulting in the accumulation of an amylopectin-like polysaccharide. The typical presentation is liver disease of childhood, progressing to lethal cirrhosis. The neuromuscular form of GSD-IV varies in onset (perinatal, congenital, juvenile, or adult) and severity. OBJECTIVE To identify the molecular bases of different neuromuscular forms of GSD-IV and to establish possible genotype/phenotype correlations. METHODS Eight patients with GBE deficiency had different neuromuscular presentations: three had fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS), three had congenital myopathy, one had juvenile myopathy, and one had combined myopathic and hepatic features. In all patients, the promoter and the entire coding region of the GBE gene at the RNA and genomic level were sequenced. RESULTS Nine novel mutations were identified, including nonsense, missense, deletion, insertion, and splice-junction mutations. The three cases with FADS were homozygous, whereas all other cases were compound heterozygotes. CONCLUSIONS This study expands the spectrum of mutations in the GBE gene and confirms that the neuromuscular presentation of GSD-IV is clinically and genetically heterogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bruno
- Neuromuscular Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Genova, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 5, I-16147 Genova, Italy.
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33
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Abstract
Primary muscle coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency is an apparently autosomal recessive condition with heterogeneous clinical presentations. Patients with these disorders improve with CoQ10 supplementation. In a family with ataxia and CoQ10 deficiency, analysis of genome-wide microsatellite markers suggested linkage of the disease to chromosome 9p13 and led to identification of an aprataxin gene (APTX) mutation that causes ataxia oculomotor apraxia (AOA1 [MIM606350]). The authors' observations indicate that CoQ10 deficiency may contribute to the pathogenesis of AOA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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34
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Mancuso M, Filosto M, Bellan M, Liguori R, Montagna P, Baruzzi A, DiMauro S, Carelli V. POLG mutations causing ophthalmoplegia, sensorimotor polyneuropathy, ataxia, and deafness. Neurology 2005; 62:316-8. [PMID: 14745080 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.62.2.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors identified two novel heterozygous missense transitions in the gene for the mitochondrial polymerase gammaA subunit (POLG) in a family with an autosomal recessive syndrome comprising progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), polyneuropathy, ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss, and affective disorders. These mutations were not detected in 120 healthy control subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mancuso
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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35
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Mancuso M, Vives-Bauza C, Filosto M, Marti R, Solano A, Montoya J, Gamez J, DiMauro S, Andreu AL. A mitochondrial DNA duplication as a marker of skeletal muscle specific mutations in the mitochondrial genome. J Med Genet 2004; 41:e73. [PMID: 15173239 PMCID: PMC1735801 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2003.012278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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36
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Deschauer M, Chinnery PF, Schaefer AM, Turnbull DM, Taylor RW, Zierz S, Shanske S, DiMauro S, Majamaa K, Wilichowski E, Thorburn DR. No association of the mitochondrial DNA A12308G polymorphism with increased risk of stroke in patients with the A3243G mutation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75:1204-5. [PMID: 15258237 PMCID: PMC1739175 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2003.026278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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37
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Abstract
A woman with typical features of myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MERRF) had a novel heteroplasmic mutation (G611A) in the mitochondrial DNA tRNA phenylalanine gene. The mutation was heteroplasmic (91%) in muscle but undetectable in accessible tissues from the patient and her maternal relatives. Single-fiber PCR analysis showed that the proportion of mutant genomes was higher in cytochrome c oxidase (COX)-negative ragged red fibers (RRFs) than in COX-positive non-RRFs. This report shows that typical MERRF syndrome is not always associated with tRNA lysine mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mancuso
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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38
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Kaufmann P, Shungu DC, Sano MC, Jhung S, Engelstad K, Mitsis E, Mao X, Shanske S, Hirano M, DiMauro S, De Vivo DC. Cerebral lactic acidosis correlates with neurological impairment in MELAS. Neurology 2004; 62:1297-302. [PMID: 15111665 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000120557.83907.a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of chronic cerebral lactic acidosis in mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). METHODS The authors studied 91 individuals from 34 families with MELAS and the A3243G point mutation and 15 individuals from two families with myoclonus epilepsy and ragged red fibers (MERRF) and the A8344G mutation. Subjects were divided into four groups. Paternal relatives were studied as controls (Group 1). The maternally related subjects were divided clinically into three groups: asymptomatic (no clinical evidence of neurologic disease) (Group 2), oligosymptomatic (neurologic symptoms but without the full clinical picture of MELAS or MERRF) (Group 3), and symptomatic (fulfilling MELAS or MERRF criteria) (Group 4). The authors performed a standardized neurologic examination, neuropsychological testing, MRS, and leukocyte DNA analysis in all subjects. RESULTS The symptomatic and oligosymptomatic MELAS subjects had significantly higher ventricular lactate than the other groups. There was a significant correlation between degree of neuropsychological and neurologic impairment and cerebral lactic acidosis as estimated by ventricular MRS lactate levels. CONCLUSIONS High levels of ventricular lactate, the brain spectroscopic signature of MELAS, are associated with more severe neurologic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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39
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Gironi M, Lamperti C, Nemni R, Moggio M, Comi G, Guerini FR, Ferrante P, Canal N, Naini A, Bresolin N, DiMauro S. Late-onset cerebellar ataxia with hypogonadism and muscle coenzyme Q10 deficiency. Neurology 2004; 62:818-20. [PMID: 15007142 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000113719.67643.b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two brothers had late-onset progressive ataxia, cerebellar atrophy, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism associated with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency in skeletal muscle. Both patients improved on high-dose CoQ10 supplementation, stressing the importance of CoQ10 deficiency in the differential diagnosis of cerebellar ataxia, even when onset is late.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gironi
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Biology, University of Milan, Italy
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40
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Venditti CP, Harris MC, Huff D, Peterside I, Munson D, Weber HS, Rome J, Kaye EM, Shanske S, Sacconi S, Tay S, DiMauro S, Berry GT. Congenital cardiomyopathy and pulmonary hypertension: another fatal variant of cytochrome-c oxidase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis 2004; 27:735-9. [PMID: 15505378 DOI: 10.1023/b:boli.0000045711.89888.5e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Biventricular hypertrophy was noted at 24 weeks' gestation in a fetus with isolated cytochrome-c oxidase (COX) deficiency. Shock, caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and severe pulmonary hypertension, led to the patient's death on day 6. His phenotype defines a new lethal variant of COX deficiency characterized by prenatal-onset cardiopulmonary pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Venditti
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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41
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Mancuso M, Filosto M, Hirano M, DiMauro S. Spinal muscular atrophy and mitochondrial DNA depletion. Response to Berber et al. (2003) Acta Neuropathol 105:245-251. Acta Neuropathol 2003; 105:621-2. [PMID: 12687391 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-003-0699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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42
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Vilà MR, Segovia-Silvestre T, Gámez J, Marina A, Naini AB, Meseguer A, Lombès A, Bonilla E, DiMauro S, Hirano M, Andreu AL. Reversion of mtDNA depletion in a patient with TK2 deficiency. Neurology 2003; 60:1203-5. [PMID: 12682338 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000055928.58122.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) gene cause a myopathic form of the mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS). Here, the authors report the unusual clinical, biochemical, and molecular findings in a 14-year-old patient in whom pathogenic mutations were identified in the TK2 gene. This report extends the phenotypic expression of primary TK2 deficiency and suggests that factors other than TK2 may modify expression of the clinical phenotype in patients with MDS syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Vilà
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons. New York, NY, USA
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43
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Lamperti C, Naini A, Hirano M, De Vivo DC, Bertini E, Servidei S, Valeriani M, Lynch D, Banwell B, Berg M, Dubrovsky T, Chiriboga C, Angelini C, Pegoraro E, DiMauro S. Cerebellar ataxia and coenzyme Q10 deficiency. Neurology 2003; 60:1206-8. [PMID: 12682339 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000055089.39373.fc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors measured coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) concentration in muscle biopsies from 135 patients with genetically undefined cerebellar ataxia. Thirteen patients with childhood-onset ataxia and cerebellar atrophy had markedly decreased levels of CoQ10. Associated symptoms included seizures, developmental delay, mental retardation, and pyramidal signs. These findings confirm the existence of an ataxic presentation of CoQ10 deficiency, which may be responsive to CoQ10 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lamperti
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
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44
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Mancuso M, Salviati L, Sacconi S, Otaegui D, Camaño P, Marina A, Bacman S, Moraes CT, Carlo JR, Garcia M, Garcia-Alvarez M, Monzon L, Naini AB, Hirano M, Bonilla E, Taratuto AL, DiMauro S, Vu TH. Mitochondrial DNA depletion: mutations in thymidine kinase gene with myopathy and SMA. Neurology 2002; 59:1197-202. [PMID: 12391347 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000028689.93049.9a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndrome (MDS) is an autosomal recessive disorder of early childhood characterized by decreased mtDNA copy number in affected tissues. Recently, MDS has been linked to mutations in two genes involved in deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) metabolism: thymidine kinase 2 (TK2) and deoxy-guanosine kinase (dGK). Mutations in TK2 have been associated with the myopathic form of MDS, and mutations in dGK with the hepatoencephalopathic form. OBJECTIVES To further characterize the frequency and clinical spectrum of these mutations, the authors screened 20 patients with myopathic MDS. RESULTS No patient had dGK gene mutations, but four patients from two families had TK2 mutations. Two siblings were compound heterozygous for a previously reported H90N mutation and a novel T77M mutation. The other siblings harbored a homozygous I22M mutation, and one of them had evidence of lower motor neuron disease. The pathogenicity of these mutations was confirmed by reduced TK2 activity in muscle (28% to 37% of controls). CONCLUSIONS These results show that the clinical expression of TK2 mutations is not limited to myopathy and that the myopathic form of MDS is genetically heterogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mancuso
- Department of Neurology, P&S Building 5-431, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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45
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Sugie K, Yamamoto A, Murayama K, Oh SJ, Takahashi M, Mora M, Riggs JE, Colomer J, Iturriaga C, Meloni A, Lamperti C, Saitoh S, Byrne E, DiMauro S, Nonaka I, Hirano M, Nishino I. Clinicopathological features of genetically confirmed Danon disease. Neurology 2002; 58:1773-8. [PMID: 12084876 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.58.12.1773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Danon disease is due to primary deficiency of lysosome-associated membrane protein-2. OBJECTIVE To define the clinicopathologic features of Danon disease. METHODS The features of 20 affected men and 18 affected women in 13 families with genetically confirmed Danon disease were reviewed. RESULTS All patients had cardiomyopathy, 18 of 20 male patients (90%) and 6 of 18 female patients (33%) had skeletal myopathy, and 14 of 20 male patients (70%) and one of 18 female patients (6%) had mental retardation. Men were affected before age 20 years whereas most affected women developed cardiomyopathy in adulthood. Muscle histology revealed basophilic vacuoles that contain acid phosphatase-positive material within membranes that lack lysosome-associated membrane protein-2. Heart transplantation is the most effective treatment for the otherwise lethal cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS Danon disease is an X-linked dominant multisystem disorder affecting predominantly cardiac and skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sugie
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
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46
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DiMauro S, Hirano M. Neurological diseases due to mitochondrial DNA mutations: concepts and problems in pathogenesis. Int J Neurol 2002; 25-26:118-29. [PMID: 11980059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S DiMauro
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, N.Y., USA
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47
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Nishigaki Y, Bonilla E, Shanske S, Gaskin DA, DiMauro S, Hirano M. Exercise-induced muscle "burning," fatigue, and hyper-CKemia: mtDNA T10010C mutation in tRNA(Gly). Neurology 2002; 58:1282-5. [PMID: 11971101 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.58.8.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A 42-year-old woman presented with myopathy and without a family history of neuromuscular disorder. Muscle biopsy showed ragged red fibers and reduced activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complexes I, III, and IV. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA revealed a heteroplasmic T10010C mutation in the transfer RNA glycine gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nishigaki
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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48
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Abstract
The small, maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has turned out to be a Pandora's box of pathogenic mutations: 13 years into the era of "molecular mitochondrial medicine," more than 100 pathogenic point mutations and innumerable rearrangements have been associated with a striking variety of multisystemic as well as tissue-specific human diseases. After reviewing the principles of mitochondrial genetics, we consider disorders due to mutations in genes affecting mitochondrial protein synthesis and disorders due to mutations in protein-coding genes. In contrast to the remarkable progress in our understanding of etiology, pathogenesis is only partially explained by the rules of mitochondrial genetics and remains largely unclear. We review recent progress in prenatal diagnosis, epidemiology, and in the development of animal models harboring mtDNA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S DiMauro
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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49
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50
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Abstract
The small, maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has turned out to be a hotbed of pathogenic mutations: 13 years into the era of "mitochondrial medicine", over 100 pathogenic point mutations and countless rearrangements have been associated with a variety of multisystemic or tissue-specific human diseases. MtDNA-related disorders can be divided into two major groups: those due to mutations in genes affecting mitochondrial protein synthesis in toto and those due to mutations in specific protein-coding genes. Pathogenesis is only partially explained by the rules of mitochondrial genetics and remains largely uncharted territory. Therapy is still woefully inadequate, but a number of promising approaches are being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S DiMauro
- Department of Neurology, 4-420 Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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