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Fries N, Haworth S, Shaffer J, Esberg A, Divaris K, Marazita M, Johansson I. A Polygenic Score Predicts Caries Experience in Elderly Swedish Adults. J Dent Res 2024; 103:502-508. [PMID: 38584306 PMCID: PMC11047011 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241232330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Caries is a partially heritable disease, raising the possibility that a polygenic score (PS, a summary of an individual's genetic propensity for disease) might be a useful tool for risk assessment. To date, PS for some diseases have shown clinical utility, although no PS for caries has been evaluated. The objective of the study was to test whether a PS for caries is associated with disease experience or increment in a cohort of Swedish adults. A genome-wide PS for caries was trained using the results of a published genome-wide association meta-analysis and constructed in an independent cohort of 15,460 Swedish adults. Electronic dental records from the Swedish Quality Registry for Caries and Periodontitis (SKaPa) were used to compute the decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces (DMFS) index and the number of remaining teeth. The performance of the PS was evaluated by testing the association between the PS and DMFS at a single dental examination, as well as between the PS and the rate of change in DMFS. Participants in the highest and lowest deciles of PS had a mean DMFS of 63.5 and 46.3, respectively. A regression analysis confirmed this association where a 1 standard deviation increase in PS was associated with approximately 4-unit higher DMFS (P < 2 × 10-16). Participants with the highest decile of PS also had greater change in DMFS during follow-up. Results were robust to sensitivity analysis, which adjusted for age, age squared, sex, and the first 20 genetic principal components. Mediation analysis suggested that tooth loss was a strong mediating factor in the association between PS and DMFS but also supported a direct genetic effect on caries. In this cohort, there are clinically meaningful differences in DMFS between participants with high and low PS for caries. The results highlight the potential role of genomic data in improving caries risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - K. Divaris
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Stirnemann J, Besson R, Debavelaere V, Loge F, Amabile C, Migeon P, Curran MA, Fries N, Smith E, Ostermayer E, Bradley KE, Armstrong L, Trychon K, Sheehan K, Flinn M, Rodriguez DA, Spiliopoulos M, Romero V, Jones DA, Allbert JR, Ghulmiyyah L, Spaggiari E, Ville Y. Abstracts of the 33rd World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 16-19 October 2023, Seoul, South Korea. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62 Suppl 1:1-316. [PMID: 37779444 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Stirnemann
- Obstetrics, Paris Descartes University, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M A Curran
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Pomona Valley Hospital Medical Center, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - N Fries
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fetale, Paris, France
| | - E Smith
- BovenMaas, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - E Ostermayer
- Pränatalmedizin 5-Seen-Land, Seefeld-Hechendorf, Germany
| | - K E Bradley
- Private Practice, Westlake, Village, CA, USA
| | - L Armstrong
- UNC Southeastern Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Lumberton, NC, USA
| | - K Trychon
- Center for Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Sheehan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Private Practice, Ridgewood, NJ, USA
| | - M Flinn
- Diagnostic Center of Arizona, Chandler, AZ, USA
| | | | - M Spiliopoulos
- Prenatal Diagnostic and Ultrasound Center, Pediatrix Medical Group, Broward Health Medical Center, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - V Romero
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Corewell Health-West, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - D A Jones
- Perinatal Specialists of the Palm Beaches, West Palm Beach, FL, USA
| | - J R Allbert
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Associates, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - L Ghulmiyyah
- Prenatal Diagnostic and Ultrasound Center, Pediatrix Medical Group, Broward Health Medical Center, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - E Spaggiari
- Obstetrics, Paris Descartes University, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Y Ville
- Obstetrics, Paris Descartes University, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France
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Stirnemann J, Massoud M, Fries N, Dumont C, Haddad G, Bessis R, Dhombres F, Salomon LJ. Crown-rump length measurement: a new age for first-trimester ultrasound? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 58:345-346. [PMID: 34131973 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Stirnemann
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
- EA FETUS, 7328, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Massoud
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
- Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant et Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - N Fries
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
| | - C Dumont
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
- CHU de la Réunion, Saint Pierre, France
| | - G Haddad
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
| | - R Bessis
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
| | - F Dhombres
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Trousseau, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - L J Salomon
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
- EA FETUS, 7328, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Fries N, Dhombres F, Massoud M, Stirnemann JJ, Bessis R, Haddad G, Salomon LJ. The impact of optimal dating on the assessment of fetal growth. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:167. [PMID: 33639870 PMCID: PMC7912534 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03640-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of using the Intergrowth (IG) dating formulae in comparison to the commonly used Robinson dating on the evaluation of biometrics and estimated fetal weight (EFW) has not been evaluated. METHODS Nationwide cross-sectional study of routine fetal ultrasound biometry in low-risk pregnant women whose gestational age (GA) had been previously assessed by a first trimester CRL measurement. We compared the CRL-based GA according to the Robinson formula and the IG formula. We evaluated the fetal biometric measurements as well as the EFW taken later in pregnancy depending on the dating formula used. Mean and standard deviation of the Z scores as well as the number and percentage of cases classified as <3rd, < 10th, >90th and > 97th percentile were compared. RESULTS Three thousand five hundred twenty-two low-risk women with scans carried out after 18 weeks were included. There were differences of zero, one and 2 days in 642 (18.2%), 2700 (76.7%) and 180 (5%) when GA was estimated based on the Robinson or the IG formula, respectively. The biometry Z scores assessed later in pregnancy were all statistically significantly lower when the Intergrowth-based dating formula was used (p < 10- 4). Likewise, the number and percentage of foetuses classified as <3rd, < 10th, >90th and > 97th percentile demonstrated significant differences. As an example, the proportion of SGA foetuses varied from 3.46 to 4.57% (p = 0.02) and that of LGA foetuses from 17.86 to 13.4% (p < 10- 4). CONCLUSION The dating formula used has a quite significant impact on the subsequent evaluation of biometry and EFW. We suggest that the combined and homogeneous use of a recent dating standard, together with prescriptive growth standards established on the same low-risk pregnancies, allows an optimal assessment of fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fries
- Collége Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, 34820, Teyran, France
| | - F Dhombres
- Collége Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, 34820, Teyran, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Trousseau, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - M Massoud
- Collége Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, 34820, Teyran, France
- Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant et Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69500, Bron, France
| | - J J Stirnemann
- EA FETUS, 7328, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, 149, Rue de Sèvres, Cedex 15, 75743, Paris, France
| | - R Bessis
- Collége Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, 34820, Teyran, France
| | - G Haddad
- Collége Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, 34820, Teyran, France
| | - L J Salomon
- Collége Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, 34820, Teyran, France.
- EA FETUS, 7328, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, 149, Rue de Sèvres, Cedex 15, 75743, Paris, France.
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Fries N, Le Garrec S, Egloff M, Sault C, Dreux S, Mangione R, Salomon LJ, Ville Y. Non-invasive prenatal testing: what are we missing? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:345-346. [PMID: 32119166 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Fries
- Collège Français d'Échographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
| | - S Le Garrec
- Maternité Centre, Hospitalier Nord Deux Sèvres, Faye-l'Abbesse, France
| | - M Egloff
- Laboratoire de Génétique Biologique, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
| | - C Sault
- Eurofins, Lyon, France
- Association des Biologistes Agrées, Laboratoire de Biochimie Hormonologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - S Dreux
- Association des Biologistes Agrées, Laboratoire de Biochimie Hormonologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - R Mangione
- Collège Français d'Échographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
| | - L J Salomon
- Collège Français d'Échographie Fœtale (CFEF), Paris, France
- Maternité Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Y Ville
- Maternité Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
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Stirnemann JJ, Fries N, Bessis R, Fontanges M, Mangione R, Salomon LJ. Implementing the INTERGROWTH-21 st fetal growth standards in France: a 'flash study' of the College Français d'Echographie Foetale (CFEF). Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 49:487-492. [PMID: 27516404 DOI: 10.1002/uog.17223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess potential differences in fetal size between the French population and the international population from the INTERGROWTH-21st (IG-21st ) Project and to measure the impact of switching to the IG-21st reference standards for fetal size. METHODS This was a nationwide cross-sectional study of fetal ultrasound biometry. Low-risk singleton pregnancies were recruited prospectively within the network of the national French College of Fetal Ultrasound, CFEF, over a 6-week period. Further selection was performed based on the criteria of the IG-21st Project in order to obtain a comparable population. Head circumference (HC) was used as the main fat-free skeletal measure of growth for comparison of French fetal size with that of the IG-21st population. The impact of switching to the IG-21st fetal growth standards was quantified by comparing Z-scores calculated using the IG-21st standards with those calculated using locally derived reference ranges for HC, abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL). RESULTS Following selection, 4858 cases were analyzed. The distribution of HC demonstrated clear similarity between our French population and the IG-21st population: our observed centile curves closely matched those of IG-21st and the Z-scores were close to 0 across gestational age. The IG-21st standards performed as well as did locally derived charts in terms of screening for small-for-gestational age by AC, while they identified significantly fewer small FL values than were expected and than did the locally derived charts. CONCLUSIONS Under strict selection criteria, fetal size in France is similar to that of the international population used in the IG-21st Project. The discrepancies in FL are unlikely to impact on prenatal management. Therefore, switching from locally derived reference ranges to the IG-21st standards appears to be a safe option. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Stirnemann
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- EA FETUS, 7328, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - N Fries
- Collège Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, France
| | - R Bessis
- Collège Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, France
| | - M Fontanges
- Collège Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, France
| | - R Mangione
- Collège Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, France
| | - L J Salomon
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- EA FETUS, 7328, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
- Collège Français d'Echographie Foetale, CFEF, France
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Quarello E, Lafouge A, Fries N, Salomon LJ. Basic heart examination: feasibility study of first-trimester systematic simplified fetal echocardiography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 49:224-230. [PMID: 26799640 DOI: 10.1002/uog.15866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE First-trimester fetal cardiac screening examinations in low-risk populations should not have to meet the specifications required for high-risk populations. Our aim was to evaluate a simplified fetal echocardiographic ('basic heart') examination for early detection of severe congenital heart defects in a low-risk population. METHODS This was a first-trimester national 'flash study', performed over a 2-week period. Each observer was requested to perform simplified echocardiography without modifying the time and methods deemed necessary for the routine first-trimester ultrasound examination, in fetuses with crown-rump length between 45 and 84 mm. This basic heart assessment used targeted cross-sections of the four-chamber view (4CV) and of the three vessels and trachea (3VT) view, using color and/or directional power Doppler. All examinations were then reviewed offline and scored for quality by a qualified expert. RESULTS Sixty observers performed a total of 597 first-trimester ultrasound examinations, each performing an average of 10 (range, 1-26) procedures. Examinations were conducted transabdominally (79%; 472/597), transvaginally (3%; 17/597) or both (18%; 108/597). In 8% (45/597) of cases, the fetal back was anterior, in 18% (108/597) it was on the left side, in 63% (377/597) it was posterior and in 11% (67/597) it was on the right side. It became clear during scoring by the expert that, unlike the Herman quality score for nuchal translucency measurement, it was difficult to assess the quality of these images without taking into account normality of the heart itself. Analysis of scores showed that the 4CV was obtained successfully and was deemed normal in 86% (512/597) of the patients, in 7% (41/597) it was deemed technically infeasible and in 7% (44/597) it was deemed feasible but atypical, which may have been due to the presence of an abnormality or to poor quality of the image. The 3VT view was obtained successfully and was normal in 79% (472/597) of the patients, in 13% (78/597) it was technically infeasible and in 8% (47/597) it was deemed feasible but atypical. Both the 4CV and the 3VT view were obtained successfully and were normal in 73% (435/597) of patients. CONCLUSION It is possible for a trained operator to perform simplified fetal echocardiography during the routine first-trimester ultrasound examination in a low-risk population. In most cases, our basic heart examination can be used to reassure parents or identify potential problems to be clarified as early as possible in the second trimester. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Quarello
- Unité d'Échographies Obstétricales et de Diagnostic Anténatal, Hôpital Saint Joseph, Marseille, France
- Institut de Médecine de la Reproduction, Marseille, France
| | - A Lafouge
- Cabinet de Gynécologie et Obstétrique, Hyères, France
| | - N Fries
- Collège Français d'Échographie Fœtale, Chateaubriant, France
| | - L J Salomon
- Service d'Obstétrique et de Médecine Fœtale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Fries N, Salomon LJ. [N. Fries and L.J. Salomon in reply to the article by M. Constant: nuchal translucency: not so simple! Gynecol Obstet Fertil 2014;42:820-21]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 2015; 43:183. [PMID: 25600275 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Fries
- Collège français d'échographie fœtale, 131, avenue de Lodève, 34080 Montpellier, France.
| | - L J Salomon
- Obstétrique - médecine et chirurgie fœtales maternité, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, université Paris Descartes, AP-HP, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
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Ville Y, Salomon LJ, Fries N. [This is not a karyotype… For a sound and validated approach of advanced non-invasive screening of fetal trisomy 21 in maternal blood]. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2014; 43:1-4. [PMID: 24342364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ville
- Service d'obstétrique et de médecine fœtale, GHU Necker-Enfants Malades, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - L J Salomon
- Service d'obstétrique et de médecine fœtale, GHU Necker-Enfants Malades, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - N Fries
- Collège français d'échographie fœtale, Paris, France
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Vivanti A, Fargeon-Guez K, Fries N, Cordier AG, Benachi A. [Survey on the announcement of congenital diaphragmatic hernia by sonographers and evaluation of its prognosis]. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2013; 42:282-289. [PMID: 23490408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare disease (1/3000 live births). Carriers display a diaphragmatic defect responsible for an impaired pulmonary development and physiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the information given to couples whose fetus display a CDH and the current knowledge of French sonographers about this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire was sent by email to 2000 sonographers, members of the French college of fetal ultrasonography, between May 1st and December 31st of 2010. RESULTS 20,7 % (414) of the sonographers answered. Twenty-four percent are second line sonographers. Thirty-eight percent did not diagnose any diaphragmatic hernia in the last five years (2005-2010) and 42 % diagnosed 1 or 2 during the same period. Information concerning the prognostic remains elusive and most sonographers rapidly referred patients to prenatal diagnostic centers. Fifty-nine percent of sonographer are not aware of the existence in France of a Centre for Rare Disease for CDH. CONCLUSION Accurate assessment of prognosis is essential to provide adequate information to couples and to help them make a decision on whether or not to perform an in utero treatment. The heterogenous results of the survey clearly show the disparities between sonographers on the type of information delivered. A better diffusion of prognostic evaluation in CDH, among sonographers is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vivanti
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, université Paris Sud, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, 157, rue de la Porte-de-Trivaux, 92141 Clamart, France
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Kuleva M, Fries N, Castaing O, Moeglin D, Salomon LJ. 'Flash study' on chorionicity determination from ultrasound images at 11-14 weeks' gestation in twin pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013; 41:471-472. [PMID: 23355187 DOI: 10.1002/uog.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Jaudi S, Du Montcel ST, Fries N, Nizard J, Desfontaines VH, Dommergues M. Online evaluation of fetal second-trimester four-chamber view images: a comparison of six evaluation methods. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2011; 38:185-190. [PMID: 21308829 DOI: 10.1002/uog.8941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare six online evaluation methods for auditing routine second-trimester four-chamber view still images. METHODS We evaluated three different scoring grids (subjective, five-item score and seven-item score), which were applied with or without access to online help, resulting in a total of six evaluation methods. For the subjective scoring grid, images were rated as excellent, good, fair, poor or very poor. For the five-item score, 1 point was allocated for visualization (vs non-visualization or non-evaluable) of each of: heart crux, atria, ventricles, apex and aorta, yielding a score of 0-5. For the seven-item score, 1 point was allocated for clear (vs unclear) visualization of each of: moderator band at the apex, interventricular septum, atrioventricular valves, non-linear insertion of atrioventricular valves (normal offset), septum primum, aorta and pulmonary vein. Each evaluation method was used via the Internet by three randomly selected reviewers, who evaluated the same set of 80 images. Reviewers were experienced in fetal ultrasound, but were not involved in the design of the study. Interrater agreement was the main outcome. RESULTS The five-item scoring grid with online help achieved the best interrater agreement (interrater intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.7). CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of the second-trimester sonographic four-chamber view is apparently best achieved with a simple five-item scoring grid.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jaudi
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
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Mangione R, Fries N, Godard P, Capron C, Mirlesse V, Lacombe D, Duyme M. Neurodevelopmental outcome following prenatal diagnosis of an isolated anomaly of the corpus callosum. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2011; 37:290-295. [PMID: 21337654 DOI: 10.1002/uog.8882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the ability of prenatal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose isolated anomalies of the corpus callosum (ACC) and to further document the long-term prognosis following diagnosis. METHODS This was a prospective case-control study carried out between 1999 and 2004. Diagnosis was made by a combination of ultrasound and MRI. All infants were examined by a neuropediatrician and parents consented to answer questionnaires (CDI, Ireton's Child Developmental Inventory) in 22 cases, which were matched with 44 control infants. The CDI was used to assess neurodevelopmental outcome in cases and controls. Mean DQ-CDI (development quotient calculated from CDI) values and frequencies of abnormal results were compared between groups, and a meta-analysis of previous studies was performed. RESULTS The diagnosis of ACC was made prenatally and confirmed postnatally in 175 cases. The diagnosis was thought to be isolated ACC in 88/175 (50%) cases. Sixty of these 88 cases (68%) underwent termination of pregnancy and one died in utero. Twenty-seven were liveborn, of which 26 were followed up for a median of 50 (range, 30-74) months. Additional anomalies were diagnosed postnatally in four (15%) of these 26 neonates. The control group was significantly better (P < 0.05) compared with the cases diagnosed prenatally with isolated ACC with respect to gross motor, fine motor, language comprehension, numbers and general development, and it was marginally better for letters (P = 0.066). Seven of 26 (27%) (95% CI, 13-46%) infants with ACC over the age of 30 months had neurodevelopmental delay, compared with only one case with borderline developmental delay among the 44 controls (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION Prenatal diagnosis of ACC by a combination of ultrasound and MRI is reliable. However, the isolated nature of the anomaly could only be assessed in 85% of our cases. Since counseling is provided at the time of prenatal diagnosis, our population of isolated ACC included the cases that were missed prenatally as being ACC with associated anomalies. A meta-analysis of nine studies suggests that the development of children diagnosed prenatally with isolated ACC is normal in up to 70% (CI 95%, 56-83%) of cases. This means that the prospective risk of neurodevelopmental delay for a fetus with ACC described as isolated prenatally is 27%, compared with 15% for an infant whose diagnosis of isolated ACC is confirmed postnatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mangione
- Collège Français d'Echographie Fœtale (CFEF), France.
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Fries N, Fontanges M, Althuser M, Haddad G, Chabot JM, Scemama O, Duyme M. 026 Formative assessment using audit and feedback to improve nuchal translucency image quality. BMJ Qual Saf 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/qshc.2010.041608.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fries N, Dreyer M. The transition from inertial to viscous flow in capillary rise. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 327:125-8. [PMID: 18774142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the initial moments of capillary rise of liquids in a tube. In this period both inertia and viscous flow losses balance the pressure generated by the meniscus curvature (capillary pressure). It is known that the very first stage is purely dominated by inertial forces, where subsequently the influence of viscosity increases (visco-inertial flow). Finally the effect of inertia vanishes and the flow becomes purely viscous. In this study we derive the times and meniscus heights at which the transition between the time periods occur. This is done in an attempt to provide a method to determine a priori which terms of the momentum balance are relevant for a given problem. Analytic solutions known from previous literature are discussed and the time intervals of their validity compared. The predicted transition times and the calculated heights show good agreement with experimental results from literature. The results are also discussed in dimensionless form and the limitations of the calculations are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fries
- Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM), University of Bremen, Am Fallturm, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Fries N, Dreyer M. An analytic solution of capillary rise restrained by gravity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 320:259-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Revised: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fries N, Odic K, Conrath M, Dreyer M. The effect of evaporation on the wicking of liquids into a metallic weave. J Colloid Interface Sci 2008; 321:118-29. [PMID: 18272170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Wicking of liquids into porous media is of great importance to many applications. One example are propellant management devices (PMD) used in spacecraft tanks. PMDs are designed to ensure gas free delivery of propellant during all acceleration conditions of the flight. This might be achieved by a metallic weave which is wetted by the propellant and thus prevents gas from entering below a critical bubble point pressure. In the case of cryogenic or volatile liquids the weave may dry out and refilling of the structure becomes an important issue. In this study we analyze the wicking of different liquids into a dry Dutch twilled weave (DTW 200 x 1400) by combining experimental and analytical approaches. Experiments were performed under isothermal and terrestrial conditions to investigate the role of evaporation for the capillary rise. The standard wicking model from Lucas and Washburn is enhanced to account for evaporation and gravity effects, too. By comparing the experimental results with the enhanced wicking model we find good qualitative agreement. It is also noted that evaporation may have a major impact on the wicking process.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fries
- Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM), University of Bremen, Am Fallturm, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Mangione R, Fries N, Godard P, Fontanges M, Haddad G, Mirlesse V. [Outcome of fetuses with malformations discovered before 14 weeks. Where the discovery is revealed by echography during the first trimester, is it responsible for the voluntary termination of the pregnancy? Comparison before and after July 2001]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 37:154-62. [PMID: 18036748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2007.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Revised: 05/30/2007] [Accepted: 08/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to review detection of fetal malformations during the first trimester and to study pregnancy and infant outcomes. We wanted to check if the lengthening of the legal delay for volontary termination of pregnancy changes the outcome of the pregnancy, in cases outside of the legal requirements. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was overseen by the french college of fetal echography (CFEF). All the cases of abnormality detected before 14 weeks' gestational age, excluding the isolated increased nuchal translucency, were extracted from the total population examined, and details were entered into the database of the French College of Fetal Echography. All case records were then analyzed. We compared two populations: before and after July 2001. RESULTS We observed 336 fetuses with malformation(s), 108 before July 2001 and 208 after that date. One percent (0.5-1.6) of scans performed between 10 and 14 weeks revealed fetal abnormalities apart from isolated increased nuchal translucency. Of the 336 cases retained for investigation, 109 increased nuchal translucency or hygroma associated with other malformation(s), 103 central nervous system anomalies, 85 malformations of the thoracoabdominal wall, 81 limb abnormalities, 41 had renal malformations, 28 spinal abnormalities, 21 had heart malformations, 16 involved biometric abnormalities, 12 involved abnormalities of the appendages, and 11 facial abnormalities. Medical termination of pregnancy was performed in 75% of cases. Death in utero occurred in 9% of cases, 12% of infants were born alive. In 3.9% of cases, an abortion was performed. There were no differences between both populations before and after July 2001. CONCLUSION Excluding isolated increased nuchal translucency or hygroma, malformation before 14 weeks' gestational age was detected in 1% of fetuses. The most common malformations detected in the first trimester were non-isolated increased nuchal translucency and malformations of the thoracoabdominal wall and the brain. The prognosis for fetuses with malformations detected during the first trimester was very poor as only 12% of these infants were born alive, some of them with severe malformations. In our study, and given its limitations, there were no differences between the number of voluntary terminations performed before and after July 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mangione
- Polyclinique Bordeaux-Nord-Aquitaine, 15, rue Claude-Boucher, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
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Salomon LJ, Duyme M, Crequat J, Brodaty G, Talmant C, Fries N, Althuser M. French fetal biometry: reference equations and comparison with other charts. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2006; 28:193-8. [PMID: 16570263 DOI: 10.1002/uog.2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To construct new reference charts and equations for fetal biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL), using a large sample of fetuses examined at 15-40 weeks in France, and to compare them with previous references. METHODS The study data were obtained over a continuous 1-year period from a population of pregnant women undergoing ultrasound examination. Excluded were those with a known abnormal karyotype or congenital malformation, multiple pregnancies, and those with no first-trimester dating based on crown-rump length. No fetuses were excluded on the basis of abnormal biometry or birth weight. For each measurement, separate regression models were fitted to estimate both the mean and the SD at each gestational age. RESULTS Full biometric measurements were obtained for 19 647 fetuses. New charts and reference equations are reported for BPD, HC, AC and FL. Prediction intervals for the new reference charts were similar to those of previous ones, whereas there were some differences in predicted centiles. CONCLUSION We present new French reference charts and equations for fetal biometry. They can be used easily to compute centiles and Z-scores to control the quality of biometric assessments and to evaluate their performance relative to other references.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Salomon
- CFEF-Collège Français d'Echographie Foetale, Paris, France.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Frydman
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Antoine Béclère, France
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Abstract
What are the major improvements in stimulation over recent years? The stimulated cycle has completely superseded the natural cycle since this is the only method of obtaining several embryos. In conventional stimulation, despite an enormous body of literature, no single treatment modality has emerged as superior to other forms of therapy. Undoubtedly it is the experience and habits of individual IVF teams that determine the success of one or another method. Therefore programmed stimulation is an improvement in that it introduces the factors of convenience and simplicity while retaining the clinical efficacy of stimulation by conventional treatment. The analogues of LHRH are still in an early phase of development, but they appear to be associated with a low cancellation rate even in previous poor-responders. Furthermore, preliminary results seem to indicate that this is the first development since the widespread adoption of follicular stimulation, which is associated with an increased pregnancy rate. We are currently involved in trying to associate programmed stimulation and analogue treatment in a bid to combine the advantages of both therapies. Finally, embryo cryopreservation must be mentioned. There is no point in refining our stimulation protocols to obtain many embryos if those surplus to immediate requirement are disposed of. Cryopreservation offers the means of maximizing the pregnancy potential of a single IVF cycle while reducing the possibility of multiple pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Frydman
- Service of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
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Affiliation(s)
- J Testart
- INSERM U. 187, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
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Forman R, Fries N, Testart J, Belaisch-Allart J, Hazout A, Frydman R. Evidence for an adverse effect of elevated serum estradiol concentrations on embryo implantation. Fertil Steril 1988; 49:118-22. [PMID: 3335258 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Multiple follicular stimulation for IVF may be associated with greatly elevated serum E2 concentrations that are presumed to be antinidatory. This factor was analyzed in 825 consecutive embryo transfer cycles. The pregnancy rate decreased significantly after the transfer of one and two embryos in association with preovulatory E2 levels greater than the 90th percentile for the group (2320 pg/ml). The pregnancy rate did not vary with preovulatory E2 concentration following the transfer of three embryos. Highly significant correlations were noted between preovulatory E2 and early luteal phase concentrations of E2 and P. In a subgroup of 245 cycles, there were no significant relationships between implantation and early luteal phase levels of P or the ratio of E2/P. There was a small but nonsignificant tendency for the pregnancy rate to decrease in association with raised luteal E2. It is concluded that excessive E2 levels at the time of ovulation induction with hCG had an adverse effect on implantation when one or two embryos are transferred, but this may be overcome by the transfer of three embryos. The consequences for embryo transfer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Forman
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unite 187, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart France
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Abstract
We have previously described a simplified form of ovulation stimulation for IVF in which the day of presumed oocyte retrieval is determined several weeks in advance. This paper retrospectively analyses this technique in 296 unselected patients over a one year period to assess if the method is suitable for routine use in an IVF programme. Oocyte retrieval was performed on the predetermined day in 70% of patients commencing stimulation. In the remainder, the presumptive day of oocyte retrieval was modified, or the cycle was cancelled. Compared with 356 patients undergoing a comparable classically monitored IVF stimulation during the same period, there was no significant difference in the cancellation rate of cycles prior to oocyte recovery, in the numbers of oocytes or embryos obtained or in the pregnancy rate between the two populations. It is concluded that programmed oocyte retrieval does not have a deleterious effect on the success rate of IVF compared with classical clomiphene citrate/HMG stimulation and it considerably facilitates the administration of an IVF programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Rainhorn
- Service of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
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Frydman R, Belaisch-Allart J, Fries N. An obstetric assessment of the first 100 births from the in vitro fertilization program at Clamart, France. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-7292(87)90252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abstract
Various treatments are given during the luteal phase by most IVF programmes, without any proof of their efficacy. We have performed a double-blind, randomized study with dydrogesterone (125 transfers) against placebo (133 transfers). The pregnancy rate was 21.6 versus 15.0% per transfer cycle with dydrogesterone or placebo, respectively. There was no significant difference between these figures, but taking into account the usual success rate in IVF programmes (15-20%) a difference of 5% would be significant only with two groups of 1500 subjects. This paper discusses the question of how we can come to a definite conclusion on the efficacy of hormonal supplementation during the luteal phase.
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Frydman R, Belaisch-Allart J, Fries N, Hazout A, Glissant A, Testart J. An obstetric assessment of the first 100 births from the in vitro fertilization program at Clamart, France. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1986; 154:550-5. [PMID: 3953702 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(86)90600-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
From April, 1981, to July, 1984, 142 pregnancies have been attained after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. They are divided into 22 biochemical pregnancies (human chorionic gonadotropin greater than or equal to 20 mU/ml but remaining below 1000 mU/ml), 27 spontaneous abortions, three ectopic pregnancies, and 90 ongoing pregnancies, of which 11 were twin pregnancies. The 90 women in whom the pregnancies progressed were compared with the 52 women having nonprogressive pregnancies. The two populations did not differ either in age, in the indication for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, or in the quality of ovulation or results of semen analysis. The 90 ongoing pregnancies were compared with those pregnancies occurring in the same obstetrics department during this period. We found that the in vitro fertilization group had a higher proportion of arterial hypertension (16.5% versus 8.5%, p less than 0.05), breech presentations (13.9% versus 4.3%, p less than 0.001), and caesarean sections (46.8% versus 15.5%, p less than 0.001) but the sex ratio did not differ.
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Abstract
Thelephora terrestris basidiospores germinate slowly and sparsely on nutrient agar media if colonies of red yeast (Rhodotorula glutinis) or certain filamentous fungi are present together with the spores. Considerably faster germination at a higher percentage can be induced by seedling roots of pine and some other trees but not by roots of any herbs or grasses as yet tested. Germination is further improved if inhibitory compounds in the autoclaved agar medium are removed by means of activated charcoal. A consequence of these findings is that T. terrestris, which forms basidiocarps in pot culture and is an efficient ectomycorrhiza former, can be studied in all phases of its complete life cycle in the laboratory.
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Fries N, Keuth U, Braun JS. [Studies on cerebrospinal fluid diffusion of trimethoprim in children]. Fortschr Med 1975; 93:1178-83. [PMID: 1213643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Full quantitative fluorometric analysis of TMP in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in 91 infants and children (all anyhow designed for lumbar puncture for other reasons) 1/2 - 12 hours after i. v. injection of TMP in a single dose of 4 mg/kg (73 cases, tab. 1-2, fig. 1) or 12 mg/kg (18 cases, tab. 3, fig. 2). TMP in serum and cerebrospinal fluid showed regularly high plateaus for the whole time investigated, i.e. 12 hours after i. v. injection (fig. 1-2). The c.s.f./serum ratio for TMP (2-12 hours after injection) was 30-40%(fig. 1). After a dose of 12 mg/kg the ratio was even 50% and more (fig. 2). There were - in our material - no differences of the ratio according to c.s.f. state (normal - tab. 1, or pathological-tab. 2), or age. Considerating published data on enteral resorption of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and c.s.f. diffussion of SMZ together with our results, we can expect a very intensifying proportion TMP: SMZ near 1:10 in cerebrospinal fluid after intake of officinal TMP-SMZ (Co-trimoxazol). This might have diagnostic and therapeutic consequences.
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Fries N, Flodin K, Bjurman J, Parsby J. Influence of volatile aldehydes and terpenoids on the transpiration of wheat. Naturwissenschaften 1974. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00597209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Skogqvist I, Fries N. Induction of thermosensitivity and salt sensitivity in wheat roots (Triticum aestivum) and the effect of kinetin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1970. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02112737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
The sensitivity to Cl(-) and Br(-) induced by heat shock of cells of Ophiostoma multiannulatum and of Rhodotorula glutinis could be partially reversed by histidine and some other imidazole derivatives.
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Fries N, Knapstein P, Wendlberger F, Oertel GW. [Entero-hepatic circulation of C19-steroids. V. Absorption and reconjugation of 7-alpha-3H-DHEA-35S-sulfate in the small intestine of man in vivo]. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1967; 56:705-12. [PMID: 5630510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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