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Debs P, Khalili N, Solnes L, Al-Zaghal A, Sair HI, Yedavalli V, Luna LP. Post-COVID-19 Brain [ 18F] FDG-PET Findings: A Retrospective Single-Center Study in the United States. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:517-522. [PMID: 37105680 PMCID: PMC10171380 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The pathophysiology of neurologic manifestations of postacute sequelae of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is not clearly understood. Our aim was to investigate brain metabolic activity on [18F] FDG-PET/CT scans in patients with a history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection before imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 45 patients who underwent [18F] FDG-PET/CT imaging for any reason and had, at least once, tested positive for COVID-19 at any time before imaging. Fifteen patients had available [18F] FDG-PET scans obtained under identical conditions before the infection. A group of 52 patients with melanoma or multiple myeloma who underwent [18F] FDG-PET/CT were used as controls. Whole-brain 2-sample t test analysis was performed using SPM software to identify clusters of hypo- and hypermetabolism and compare brain metabolic activity between patients with COVID-19 and controls. Paired sample t test comparison was also performed for 15 patients, and correlations between metabolic values of clusters and clinical data were measured. RESULTS Compared with the control group, patients with a history of COVID-19 infection exhibited focal areas of hypometabolism in the bilateral frontal, parietal, occipital, and posterior temporal lobes and cerebellum (P = .05 uncorrected at the voxel level, family-wise error-corrected at the cluster level) that peaked during the first 2 months, improved to near-complete recovery around 6 months, and disappeared at 12 months. Hypermetabolism involving the brainstem, cerebellum, limbic structures, frontal cortex, and periventricular white matter was observed only at 2-6 months after infection. Older age, neurologic symptoms, and worse disease severity scores positively correlated with the metabolic changes. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a profile of time-dependent brain PET hypo- and hypermetabolism in patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Debs
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - N Khalili
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - L Solnes
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - A Al-Zaghal
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - H I Sair
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - V Yedavalli
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - L P Luna
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Panahi Y, Namazi S, Rostami-Yalmeh J, Sahebi E, Khalili N, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Regulation of Blood Pressure in Iranian Patients with Essential Hypertension: A Clinical Trial. Adv Exp Med Biol 2022; 1328:501-511. [PMID: 34981501 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73234-9_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low serum vitamin D level is associated with both high blood pressure and incidence of primary hypertension. Experimental studies suggest that vitamin D supplements may reduce blood pressure. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation reduces systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in Iranian patients with essential hypertension. METHOD A total of 173 patients with essential hypertension participated in this open-label clinical trial. SBP, DBP, and serum vitamin D levels were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Vitamin D was administered at a dose of 50,000 IU/week, and 1000 IU/day in patients with serum vitamin D levels <20 ng/mL and 20-30 ng/mL, respectively, for 8 weeks. RESULTS Based on serum vitamin D levels, 45.1%, 17.3%, and 29.5% of patients were deficient, insufficient, and sufficient for vitamin D intake, respectively. Baseline serum levels of vitamin D were not correlated with SBP, DBP, and MAP at the beginning of the study (p = ns). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of vitamin D deficiency was 2.5-fold times higher in women than in men (p = 0.03). After 8 weeks of supplementation with vitamin D, mean SBP and MAP were significantly reduced by 5.5 ± 16.16 (p = 0.01) and 3.7 ± 9.24 (p = 0.004) mmHg, respectively. Neither sex nor age could significantly predict BP response to vitamin D supplementation. CONCLUSION Vitamin D supplementation may significantly reduce SBP and MAP but not DBP in patients with essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacotherapy Department, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soha Namazi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Javad Rostami-Yalmeh
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sahebi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nahid Khalili
- Department of Endocrinology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,School of Medicine The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. .,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Shahid M, Azfaralariff A, Zubair M, Abdulkareem Najm A, Khalili N, Law D, Firasat S, Fazry S. In silico study of missense variants of FANCA, FANCC and FANCG genes reveals high risk deleterious alleles predisposing to Fanconi anemia pathogenesis. Gene 2021; 812:146104. [PMID: 34864095 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Among the 22 Fanconi anemia (FA) reported genes, 90% of mutational spectra were found in three genes, namely FANCA (64%), FANCC (12%) and FANCG (8%). Therefore, this study aimed to identify the high-risk deleterious variants in three selected genes (FANCA, FANCC, and FANCG) through various computational approaches. The missense variant datasets retrieved from the UCSC genome browser were analyzed for their pathogenicity, stability, and phylogenetic conservancy. A total of 23 alterations, of which 16 in FANCA, 6 in FANCC and one variant in FANCG, were found to be highly deleterious. The native and mutant structures were generated, which demonstrated a profound impact on the respective proteins. Besides, their pathway analysis predicted many other pathways in addition to the Fanconi anemia pathway, homologous recombination, and mismatch repair pathways. Hence, this is the first comprehensive study that can be useful for understanding the genetic signatures in the development of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Azfaralariff
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pattoki Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Abdulkareem Najm
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nahid Khalili
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Douglas Law
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Inti International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan
| | - Sabika Firasat
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazrul Fazry
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; ZACH Biotech Depot Private Limited, Cheras, 43300, Selangor, Malaysia; Tasik Chini Research Center, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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4
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Najm AAK, Azfaralariff A, Dyari HRE, Othman BA, Shahid M, Khalili N, Law D, Syed Alwi SS, Fazry S. Anti-breast cancer synthetic peptides derived from the Anabas testudineus skin mucus fractions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23182. [PMID: 34848729 PMCID: PMC8632885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous study has shown the antimicrobial activities of mucus protein extracted from Anabastestudineus. In this study, we are interested in characterizing the anticancer activity of the A.testudineus antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The mucus was extracted, fractioned, and subjected to antibacterial activity testing to confirm the fish's AMPs production. The cytotoxic activity of each fraction was also identified. Fraction 2 (F2), which shows toxicity against MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 were sent for peptide sequencing to identify the bioactive peptide. The two peptides were then synthetically produced and subjected to cytotoxic assay to prove their efficacy against cancer cell lines. The IC50 for AtMP1 against MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 were 8.25 ± 0.14 μg/ml and 9.35 ± 0.25 μg/ml respectively, while for AtMP2 it is 5.89 ± 0.14 μg/ml and 6.97 ± 0.24 μg/ml respectively. AtMP1 and AtMP2 treatment for 48 h induced breast cancer cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by upregulating the p53, which lead to upregulate pro-apoptotic BAX gene and downregulate the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 gene, consequently, trigger the activation of the caspase-3. This interaction was supported by docking analysis (QuickDBD, HPEPDOCK, and ZDOCK) and immunoprecipitation. This study provided new prospects in the development of highly effective and selective cancer therapeutics based on antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdul Kareem Najm
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Azfaralariff
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Innovative Center for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Herryawan Ryadi Eziwar Dyari
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environmental, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Babul Airianah Othman
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Nahid Khalili
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Douglas Law
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Inti International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Sakinah Syed Alwi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Shazrul Fazry
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Innovative Center for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Chini Lake Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Pourabdollah Toutkaboni M, Askari E, Khalili N, Tabarsi P, Jamaati H, Velayati AA, Dorudinia A, Rezaei M, Nadji SA, Mohamadnia A, Khalili N. Demographics, laboratory parameters and outcomes of 1061 patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a report from Tehran, Iran. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 38:100777. [PMID: 33042553 PMCID: PMC7534790 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) among the Iranian population. In this study, we collected and analysed the demographics, laboratory findings and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, Iran between 20 February 2020 and 2 April 2020. Among 1061 patients, 692 (65.2%) were male and the median age was 55 years (interquartile range (IQR), 44–66 years). Totally, 129 (12.2%) patients died during hospitalization in the ward or intensive care unit. From the remaining 932 individuals, 46 (5.0%) were admitted to the intensive care unit and 886 (95.0%) were hospitalized in the ward. Those patients who died were significantly older than those hospitalized in the ward (p < 0.001). The median absolute number of lymphocytes was 1.2 × 103/μL (IQR 0.9 × 103 to 1.6 × 103/μL) and 708 (66.7%) patients had lymphopenia (absolute lymphocyte count <1500/μL). Among the laboratory tests, D-dimer, serum ferritin and albumin had the strongest correlations with mortality (r = 0.455, r = 0.412, r = –0.406, respectively; p < 0.001 for each one). In conclusion, laboratory findings could provide useful information with regard to the management of individuals with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pourabdollah Toutkaboni
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Askari
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Khalili
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - P Tabarsi
- Clinical TB and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Jamaati
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A A Velayati
- Mycobacteriology Research Centre (MRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Dorudinia
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Rezaei
- Virology Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S A Nadji
- Virology Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Mohamadnia
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Khalili
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Khalili N, Lessmann N, Turk E, Claessens N, Heus RD, Kolk T, Viergever M, Benders M, Išgum I. Automatic brain tissue segmentation in fetal MRI using convolutional neural networks. Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 64:77-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Nayebi N, Esteghamati A, Meysamie A, Khalili N, Kamalinejad M, Emtiazy M, Hashempur MH. The effects of a Melissa officinalis L. based product on metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized double-blinded controlled clinical trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 16:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2018-0088/jcim-2018-0088.xml. [DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2018-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diabetic patients are at increased risk for coronary artery disease. Since phytotherapy has been greatly common, finding safe and effective treatments is of importance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a Melissa officinalis L. based product (MO) in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
A randomized double-blinded controlled study was conducted with 37 dyslipidemic diabetic patients, assigned to either MO or placebo (P) groups receiving two 500 mg capsules daily for 3 months. Finally, 32 cases completed the study and were included in the analysis; MO (n=16) and P (n=16).
Results
Safe and significant effects in terms of decreasing the serum level of triglyceride (TG) in all patients after 2 months (p-value=0.02) and in patients with higher baseline serum levels of TG (TG≥200 mg/dl) after 3 months (p-value=0.04) were shown in the MO group. However, no metabolic significant changes were seen compared to the control group. Significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure from baseline values were also found in patients with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP≥130 mmHg) (p-value=0.02) and those with higher diastolic blood pressure (DBP≥85 mmHg) (p-value=0.02) in the MO group.
Conclusion
This study showed that MO might be safe and beneficial in decreasing the serum TG level in dyslipidemic diabetic patients. Although, larger long-term studies are required.
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Panahi Y, Khalili N, Sahebi E, Namazi S, Atkin SL, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Curcuminoids Plus Piperine Modulate Adipokines in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 12:253-258. [PMID: 29299989 DOI: 10.2174/1574884713666180104095641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol derived from tumeric that has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties with effects on adipokine and ghrelin levels. Adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin modulate energy homeostasis but each has modulatory effects on inflammatory cytokines and the immune system. Therefore, this analysis was performed to investigate the effect of curcumin on adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin. METHOD A double blind randomised control trial comparing curcumin 1000mg with 10mg of piperine daily to placebo over a 12 week period. 118 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited out of which 50 control and 50 active subjects completed the trial. Adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured at baseline and 12 weeks. RESULTS Between group comparison of the magnitude of changes showed serum levels of leptin (p<0.001), TNF-α (p<0.001) and leptin:adiponectin ratio (p<0.001) to be significantly reduced while serum adiponectin levels were elevated in the curcuminoids versus placebo group (p=0.032). Changes in serum ghrelin levels did not differ between the study groups (p=0.135). CONCLUSION Curcumin supplementation increased adiponectin, whilst the the leptin:adiponectin ratio (a measure of atherosclerosis) and leptin levels were decreased independent of weight change and reflected a decrease in the inflammatory TNF-α levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Pharmacotherapy Department, School of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Khalili
- Department of Endocrinology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sahebi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soha Namazi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Claessens NHP, Khalili N, Isgum I, Ter Heide H, Steenhuis TJ, Turk E, Jansen NJG, de Vries LS, Breur JMPJ, de Heus R, Benders MJNL. Brain and CSF Volumes in Fetuses and Neonates with Antenatal Diagnosis of Critical Congenital Heart Disease: A Longitudinal MRI Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:885-891. [PMID: 30923087 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Fetuses and neonates with critical congenital heart disease are at risk of delayed brain development and neurodevelopmental impairments. Our aim was to investigate the association between fetal and neonatal brain volumes and neonatal brain injury in a longitudinally scanned cohort with an antenatal diagnosis of critical congenital heart disease and to relate fetal and neonatal brain volumes to postmenstrual age and type of congenital heart disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective, longitudinal study including 61 neonates with critical congenital heart disease undergoing surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass <30 days after birth and MR imaging of the brain; antenatally (33 weeks postmenstrual age), neonatal preoperatively (first week), and postoperatively (7 days postoperatively). Twenty-six had 3 MR imaging scans; 61 had at least 1 fetal and/or neonatal MR imaging scan. Volumes (cubic centimeters) were calculated for total brain volume, unmyelinated white matter, cortical gray matter, cerebellum, extracerebral CSF, and ventricular CSF. MR images were reviewed for ischemic brain injury. RESULTS Total fetal brain volume, cortical gray matter, and unmyelinated white matter positively correlated with preoperative neonatal total brain volume, cortical gray matter, and unmyelinated white matter (r = 0.5-0.58); fetal ventricular CSF and extracerebral CSF correlated with neonatal ventricular CSF and extracerebral CSF (r = 0.64 and 0.82). Fetal cortical gray matter, unmyelinated white matter, and the cerebellum were negatively correlated with neonatal ischemic injury (r = -0.46 to -0.41); fetal extracerebral CSF and ventricular CSF were positively correlated with neonatal ischemic injury (r = 0.40 and 0.23). Unmyelinated white matter:total brain volume ratio decreased with increasing postmenstrual age, with a parallel increase of cortical gray matter:total brain volume and cerebellum:total brain volume. Fetal ventricular CSF:intracranial volume and extracerebral CSF:intracranial volume ratios decreased with increasing postmenstrual age; however, neonatal ventricular CSF:intracranial volume and extracerebral CSF:intracranial volume ratios increased with postmenstrual age. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that fetal brain volumes relate to neonatal brain volumes in critical congenital heart disease, with a negative correlation between fetal brain volumes and neonatal ischemic injury. Fetal brain imaging has the potential to provide early neurologic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H P Claessens
- From the Departments of Neonatology (N.H.P.C., E.T., L.S.d.V., M.J.N.L.B.) .,Pediatric Cardiology (N.H.P.C., H.t.H., T.J.S., J.M.P.J.B.).,Pediatric Intensive Care (N.H.P.C., N.J.G.J.)
| | - N Khalili
- Image Sciences Institute (N.K., I.I.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - I Isgum
- Image Sciences Institute (N.K., I.I.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - H Ter Heide
- Pediatric Cardiology (N.H.P.C., H.t.H., T.J.S., J.M.P.J.B.)
| | - T J Steenhuis
- Pediatric Cardiology (N.H.P.C., H.t.H., T.J.S., J.M.P.J.B.)
| | - E Turk
- From the Departments of Neonatology (N.H.P.C., E.T., L.S.d.V., M.J.N.L.B.)
| | - N J G Jansen
- Pediatric Intensive Care (N.H.P.C., N.J.G.J.).,Department of Pediatrics (N.J.G.J.), Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - L S de Vries
- From the Departments of Neonatology (N.H.P.C., E.T., L.S.d.V., M.J.N.L.B.)
| | - J M P J Breur
- Pediatric Cardiology (N.H.P.C., H.t.H., T.J.S., J.M.P.J.B.)
| | - R de Heus
- Obstetrics (R.d.H.), Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M J N L Benders
- From the Departments of Neonatology (N.H.P.C., E.T., L.S.d.V., M.J.N.L.B.)
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Izadi M, Kheirjou R, Mohammadpour R, Aliyoldashi MH, Moghadam SJ, Khorvash F, Jafari NJ, Shirvani S, Khalili N. Efficacy of comprehensive ozone therapy in diabetic foot ulcer healing. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:822-825. [PMID: 30641815 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the common complications of diabetes disease that is costly and difficult to treat. This problem can lead to morbidity and even mortality. Ozone is a gas that can optimize cellular metabolism and, because of its antioxidant and antibacterial effects, can help the better healing of diabetic foot ulcer. METHOD Two hundred patients, aged 18-85 with diabetic foot ulcers ranging from grade 1 to 4 according to Wagner classification in two groups were studied. Group 1 was treated by full ozone therapy besides the standard regular DFU treatment while group two just was received routine diabetic foot care. Wound size, wound grade, healing time, Fasting blood sugar and inflammatory biomarker before and after treatment were checked. RESULTS All patients have had complete wound closure in the ozone group. The mean age of the patients included in the results was 59.03 ± 12.593 and 53.5 ± 10.212 for ozone group and control group. The baseline average surface area of ulcers was 13.41 ± 14.092 cm2 (range 1-70 cm2) in ozone group and 12.72 ± 0.911 (range 1_64 cm2) in the control group. Average healing time was 69.44 ± 36.055 days (range 15-180 days), which is significantly lower than the median healing time measured in the control group and some previous studies. CONCLUSION Our study results support the efficacy of ozone therapy especially in its comprehensive use in DFU healing and reduction in the chances of infection and amputation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Izadi
- Ozone Therapy Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Kheirjou
- Ozone Therapy Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Roya Mohammadpour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Farzin Khorvash
- Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Shahram Shirvani
- Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University Medical of Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Khalili
- Health Research Center, Baitullah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khalili N, Turk E, Zreik M, Viergever MA, Benders MJNL, Išgum I. Generative Adversarial Network for Segmentation of Motion Affected Neonatal Brain MRI. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32248-9_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
Ozone therapy has been used to treat numerous diseases. Indications of its therapeutic application are increasing, and evidence for its usefulness is growing. Evidence of its antibacterial and proliferative activity suggests its efficacy in treating chronic wounds. The current study evaluated the effect of ozone therapy on the health-related quality of life of patients with chronic wounds.In the present cross-sectional study, the health-related quality of life was evaluated in 86 patients with chronic wounds undergoing ozone therapy. To measure quality of life, 2 previously established questionnaires were used, the Cardiff wound impact questionnaire and the SF-36 questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed through interviews with the patients.A total of 86 patients with chronic wounds undergoing ozone therapy participated in this study. The mean age of participants was 58.91 years; 69.8% of them were male, 91.9% had diabetes mellitus, and 50% were receiving insulin therapy. Patients were under local (26.7%), systemic (9.3%), and local plus systemic (64%) protocols of ozone therapy. Mean overall quality of life reported by the patients was 6.2, and mean overall quality of life satisfaction was 6.02 (measured by the Cardiff Wound Impact Questionnaire). Mean physical quality of life measured by the SF-36 questionnaire was 39.12, and mean mental quality of life was 44.37 (measured by the same questionnaire). Among the included variables, the number of ozone therapy sessions was the strongest predictor of quality of life in both questionnaires and remained significant after different levels of adjustment.In addition to the significant improvement observed in the healing of chronic wounds, medical O3 therapy has also shown to effect a significant improvement in the health-related quality of life of patients and could be a valuable therapeutic option in chronic wound cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Izadi
- Ozonecrc, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
- Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
| | - Majedeh Bozorgi
- Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Khalili
- Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
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Khalili N, Shen X, Naguib HE. An interlocked flexible piezoresistive sensor with 3D micropyramidal structures for electronic skin applications. Soft Matter 2018; 14:6912-6920. [PMID: 30095849 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00897c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of flexible pressure sensors with human-like sensing capabilities is an emerging field due to their wide range of applications from human robot interactions to wearable electronics. Piezoresistive sensors respond to externally induced mechanical stimuli through changes in their electrical resistance. The current state-of-the-art piezoresistive sensors are mainly constructed via dispersion of conductive nanofillers in an elastomer matrix making their performance strongly reliable on the degree of dispersion. Alternatively, changes in the contact area of conductive elastomers result in higher sensitivity and more tunable variables. Herein, an interlocked sensor comprising two flexible layers of 3D pyramidal microstructures is fabricated with a thin layer of carbon nanotubes deposited onto the micropatterns. The introduced array of micropyramids with varying height and pitch sizes allows for higher changes in the contact area upon applying an external load. The results indicate that the height and pitch of the structures together with a newly defined variable, the critical dimension, affect the sensor's sensitivity. An optimal performance is observed for minimized values of the critical dimension. Furthermore, to verify the obtained results, a finite-element-assisted analytical constriction-resistance model is used to capture the piezoresistive response of the sensor. The theoretical results show the high tracking ability of their experimental counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Khalili
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.
| | - X Shen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.
| | - H E Naguib
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada. and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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Panahi Y, Khalili N, Sahebi E, Namazi S, Simental-Mendía L, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Effects of Curcuminoids Plus Piperine on Glycemic, Hepatic and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2018; 68:403-409. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-101752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Curcuminoids have been shown to reduce glycemia and related complications in diabetes. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of curcuminoids plus piperine administration on glycemic, hepatic and inflammatory biomarkers in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.
Methods T2D patients aged 18–65 years were enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial and randomly allocated to standard-of-care treatment and dietary advises plus either curcuminoids (daily dose of 500 mg/day co-administered with piperine 5 mg/day) or placebo for a period of 3 months. Glycemic, hepatic and inflammatory parameters were measured at baseline and final conditions.
Results A total of 100 subjects (50 in each group) completed the 3-month period of trial. A significant reduction was found in serum levels of glucose (−9±16 mg/dL vs. −3±11 mg/dL in curcuminoids and placebo groups, respectively; p=0.048), C-peptide (−0.6±0.8 ng/mL vs. 0.02±0.6 ng/mL; p<0.001) and HbA1c (−0.9±1.1% vs. −0.2±0.5%; p<0.001) after curcuminoids supplementation versus placebo group. Additionally, participants in the intervention group showed lower serum alanine aminotransferase (−2±6 vs. −1±5; p=0.032) and aspartate aminotransferase (−3±5 vs. −0.3±4; p=0.002) levels compared with the placebo group. Finally, no significant differences in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations were observed between curcuminoids and placebo groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion The results of the present trial revealed a beneficial effect of curcuminoids plus piperine supplementation on glycemic and hepatic parameters but not on hs-CRP levels in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Pharmacotherapy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Khalili
- Department of Endocrinology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sahebi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soha Namazi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Panahi Y, Khalili N, Sahebi E, Namazi S, Reiner Ž, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Curcuminoids modify lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2017; 33:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Khalili N, Fereydoonzadeh R, Mohtashami R, Mehrzadi S, Heydari M, Huseini HF. Silymarin, Olibanum, and Nettle, A Mixed Herbal Formulation in the Treatment of Type II Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2017; 22:603-608. [PMID: 29228792 PMCID: PMC5871270 DOI: 10.1177/2156587217696929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Silybum marianum (L) Gaertn (milk thistle) seeds, Urtica dioica L (nettle) leaves, and Boswellia serrata (olibanum gum) resin are used traditionally by Iranian diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effects of these herbs in an herbal formulation in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Sixty patients diagnosed as type II diabetes mellitus with fasting blood glucose level from 150 to 180 mg/dL, glycosylated hemoglobin level from 7.5% to 8.5%, and on oral antihyperglycemic drugs, were allocated to receive the mix herbal formulation or placebo for 90 days in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. The mean serum fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and triglyceride in the herbal drug group were significantly less than placebo group’s values after 3 months of the intervention. The study showed a potential antihyperglycemic and triglyceride lowering effect of the herbal formulation, while it did not have any significant cholesterol or blood pressure lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Khalili
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fereydoonzadeh
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mohtashami
- 2 Religion and Medicine Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mojtaba Heydari
- 4 Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hasan Fallah Huseini
- 5 Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
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Panahi Y, Khalili N, Sahebi E, Namazi S, Karimian MS, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Antioxidant effects of curcuminoids in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 25:25-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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18
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Panahi Y, Hosseini MS, Khalili N, Naimi E, Simental-Mendía LE, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Effects of curcumin on serum cytokine concentrations in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82:578-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Khalili N, Naguib HE, Kwon RH. A constriction resistance model of conjugated polymer based piezoresistive sensors for electronic skin applications. Soft Matter 2016; 12:4180-4189. [PMID: 27035514 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00204h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Human intervention can be replaced through the development of tools resulting from utilization of sensing devices possessing a wide range of applications including humanoid robots or remote and minimally invasive surgeries. Similar to the five human senses, sensors interface with their surroundings to stimulate a suitable response or action. The sense of touch which arises in human skin is among the most challenging senses to emulate due to its ultra high sensitivity. This has brought forth novel challenging issues to consider in the field of biomimetic robotics. In this work, using a multiphase reaction, a polypyrrole (PPy) based hydrogel is developed as a resistive type pressure sensor with an intrinsically elastic microstructure stemming from three dimensional hollow spheres. It is shown that the electrical conductivity of the fabricated PPy based piezoresistive sensors is enhanced as a result of adding conductive fillers and therefore, endowing the sensors with a higher sensitivity. A semi-analytical constriction resistance based model accounting for the real contact area between the PPy hydrogel sensors and the electrode along with the dependency of the contact resistance change on the applied load is developed. The model is then solved using a Monte Carlo technique and its corresponding sensitivity is obtained. Comparing the results with their experimental counterparts, the proposed modeling methodology offers a good tracking ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Khalili
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.
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Panahi Y, Hosseini MS, Khalili N, Naimi E, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcuminoid-piperine combination in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial and an updated meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2015; 34:1101-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Panahi Y, Khalili N, Hosseini MS, Abbasinazari M, Sahebkar A. Lipid-modifying effects of adjunctive therapy with curcuminoids–piperine combination in patients with metabolic syndrome: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2014; 22:851-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- N Khalili
- Department of Psychiatry, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Based on current evidence, there is a little agreement on the best timing for after birth umbilical cord clamping. This study was designed to compare the impact of using two different times for cord clamping on hematocrit concentration and Apgar scores of the neonate. STUDY DESIGN Fifty-six healthy full-term vaginally born neonates were allocated to early (10 seconds after delivery) and late (3 minutes after delivery) umbilical cord clamping groups in this randomized clinical trial. We recorded the length of the 3rd stage of labor and Apgar score at 5 minutes. Infant's hematocrit was measured at 2 and 18 hours of age. RESULTS Neonatal hematocrit differed between the two groups. Late cord clamping group had greater hematocrit at 2 hours (45.5 ± 4 vs. 49.5 ± 4.4, P = 0.0003) and 18 hours (47.7 ± 5.5 vs. 52.9 ± 4.3, P = 0.0002). Apgar scores at 5 minutes (9.3 ± 0.6 vs. 9.4 ± 0.6, p = 0.5) and duration of delivery 3rd stage (10.2 ± 3.7 min vs. 8.9 ± 5 min, P = 0.2) did not differ between early and late cord clamping groups respectively. CONCLUSION Late cord clamping leads to a significant increase in the hematocrit of the neonate but it does not have effects on Apgar score and duration of the 3rd stage of labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Salari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - M Rezapour
- General Practitioner, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - N Khalili
- Farzan Clinical Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
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Khalili N, Rostami Z, Kalantar E, Einollahi B. Hyperglycemia after kidney transplantation: frequency and risk factors. Iran J Kidney Dis 2013; 7:226-230. [PMID: 23689156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kidney transplantation and its conventional treatment can lead to increased risk of diabetes mellitus outbreak in normoglycemic recipients. Also, uncontrolled hyperglycemia may increase allograft loss and decrease patient survival. We aimed to assess the frequency of hyperglycemia in transplant patients and its risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 3342 adult kidney transplant recipients between 2008 and 2010. Demographic and laboratory data were collected. All laboratory tests were done in a one laboratory, and hyperglycemia was defined as a fasting plasma glucose level greater than 125 mg/dL. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors of hyperglycemia following kidney transplantation. RESULTS There were 2120 men (63.4%) and 1212 women (36.3%) included in the study. The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 22.5%. Hyperglycemia was significantly higher in patients with cytomegalovirus infection (P = .001), elevated serum creatinine (P < .001), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .01), and increased blood levels of cyclosporine (P < .001). After adjusting for covariates by multivariate logistic regression, the hyperglycemia rate was significantly higher for patients with a cyclosporine trough level greater than 250 ng/mL (P < .001), a serum creatinine level greater than 1.5 mg/dL (P < .001), and a high-density lipoprotein cholesterol less than 45 mg/dL (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that hyperglycemia is a common metabolic disorder in Iranian kidney transplant patients. Risk factors for hyperglycemia were higher cyclosporine level, impaired kidney function, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Khalili
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khalili N, Rostami Z, Kalantar E, Einollahi B. Hyperglycemia after renal transplantation: frequency and risk factors. Nephrourol Mon 2013; 5:753-7. [PMID: 23841039 PMCID: PMC3703134 DOI: 10.5812/numonthly.10773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic renal failure is an important and common complication of diabetes mellitus; hence, renal transplantation is a frequent and the acceptable treatment in patients with diabetic nephropathy requiring renal replacement therapy. On the other hand, renal transplantation and its conventional treatment can lead to increased diabetes outbreak in normoglycemic recipients. Also, uncontrolled hyperglycemia may be increased and allograft lost thus decreasing patient survival. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the frequency of hyperglycemia in transplant patients and its risk factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS A large retrospective study was performed on 3342 adult kidney transplant recipients between 2008 and 2010. Demographic and laboratory data were gathered for each patient. All tests were done in a single laboratory and hyperglycemia was defined as a fasting plasma glucose of > 125 mg/dL. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors of hyperglycemia following kidney transplantation. RESULTS There were 2120 (63.4%) males and 1212 (36.3%) females. Prevalence of hyperglycemia was 22.5%. By univariate linear regression, hyperglycemia was significantly higher in patients with CMV infection (P = 0.001), elevated serum creatinine (P = 0.000), low HDL (P = 0.01), and increased blood levels of cyclosporine (P = 0.000). After adjusting for covariates by multivariate logistic regression, the hyperglycemia rate was significantly higher for patients with Cyclosporine trough level > 250 (P = 0.000), serum creatinine > 1.5 (P = 0.000) and HDL < 45 (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that hyperglycemia is a common metabolic disorder in Iranian kidney transplant patients. Risk factors for hyperglycemia were higher Cyclosporine level, impaired renal function, and reduced HDL value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Khalili
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Zohreh Rostami
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Zohreh Rostami, Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Molla Sadra Ave, Vanak Sq. Tehran, IR Iran. Tel.: +98-9121544897, Fax: +98-2181262073, E-mail:
| | - Ebrahim Kalantar
- Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Behzad Einollahi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Eslami Shahrbabaki M, Khalili N, Mehdizadeh Zare Anari A, Moshrafi A, Bashardost N, Yousefzadeh M. 2262 – Community's attitude toward cancer diagnosis disclosure. Eur Psychiatry 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(13)77125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Shariati A, Jahani S, Hooshmand M, Khalili N. The effect of acupressure on sleep quality in hemodialysis patients. Complement Ther Med 2012; 20:417-23. [PMID: 23131372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to investigate the effects of acupressure on sleep quality in hemodialysis patients. DESIGN Randomized clinical trial. SETTING The setting of the study was dialysis wards located in two university hospitals (Imam and Golestan) in Ahvaz, Iran. INTERVENTIONS 48 end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis who scored 5 points or higher on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were enrolled to the study. Acupressure group received acupressure intervention on the Shenmen (He7) and He Gu (Li4) points in the hands and Sanyingjao (sp6) point in the feet for 4 weeks beside routine care and control group received only routine care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES subjective sleep quality, latency and duration, habitual sleep efficiency; sleep disturbances, daytime functional status, and use of sleeping medications. RESULTS The result indicated significant differences between the acupressure group and the control group after intervention in PSQI global scores (p<0.001) and all sleep quality indices between two groups after intervention: subjective sleep quality (p<0.001), sleep latency (p<0.001), sleep duration (p<0.001), sleep efficiency (p=0.006), sleep disturbance (p<0.001), the use of sleeping medication (p=0.028), and daytime dysfunction (p<0.001). CONCLUSION This study supports the effectiveness of acupressure in improving sleep quality of end-stage renal disease patients as a noninvasive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shariati
- Medical and Surgical Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Gelet R, Loret B, Khalili N. A thermo-hydro-mechanical coupled model in local thermal non-equilibrium for fractured HDR reservoir with double porosity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jb009161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hasani-Ranjbar S, Amoli MM, Ebrahim-Habibi A, Gozashti MH, Khalili N, Sayyahpour FA, Hafeziyeh J, Soltani A, Larijani B. A new frameshift MEN1 gene mutation associated with familial malignant insulinomas. Fam Cancer 2011; 10:343-8. [PMID: 21184284 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-010-9412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MEN-1 is an autosomal dominant familial cancer syndrome characterized by involvement of parathyroid, enteropancreatic endocrine tissues and the anterior pituitary gland. Malignant insulinomas are rare, and therefore, there are few data regarding their clinical presentation and long-term prognosis. In this report we present a large family with malignant insulinoma and hyperparathyroidism with MEN-1 gene mutation analysis. A large family (three generations) with several members affected were evaluated for clinical and biochemical characteristic of MEN-1 syndrome. Genetic analysis for MEN1 gene was carried out in all family members using PCR amplification of coding regions followed by direct sequencing. In three brothers that presented with hypoglycemia, insulinoma was confirmed and two were malignant according to pathology and surgery report. Two of them had hyperparathyroidism too. Mutation screening revealed the presence of a two nucleotide deletion in the exon 2 (c199_200del2). In the current study, the deletion happens early in the sequence, and obviously results in a non-functional gene product. However, it will be helpful to further examine somatic mutations and other genetic markers for a more precise study of genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 5th Floor, Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave, 14114 Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperuricemia is a common complication after kidney transplantation, and may adversely affect graft survival. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of and predictors for development of hyperuricemia after renal transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum uric acid concentration of at least 7.0 mg/dL in men and 6.0 mg/dL in women. From March 2008 to May 2010, uric acid concentration was measured in 12,767 blood samples from 2961 adult renal transplant recipients (64% male and 36% female patients). RESULTS Hyperuricemia was observed in 1553 patients (52.4%). The disorder frequently occurred in women (P=.003) and in patients with impaired renal graft function (P=.00). After adjustment for sex, serum creatinine concentration, diabetes mellitus, cyclosporine concentration, and dyslipidemia, only female sex (P=.03) and renal allograft dysfunction (P=.05) were associated with hyperuricemia after kidney transplantation. CONCLUSION Hyperuricemia is a common complication after kidney transplantation, and renal allograft insufficiency predisposes to higher uric acid concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kalantar
- Department of Immunology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, and Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran
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Einollahi B, Lessan-Pezeshki M, Kalantar E, Rostami Z, Khalili N, Ghadiani MH, Ahmadi J. Hyperhomocysteinemia after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:586-7. [PMID: 21440769 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (plasma homocysteine[Hcy] concentration≥15 μmol/L) and evaluate its correlation with allograft function. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 159 stable renal transplant recipients (104 men and 55 women). The prevalence and severity of hyperhomocysteinemia were compared in the transplant recipients vs 72 patients (48 men and 24 women) receiving hemodialysis therapy. RESULTS The mean (SD; range) fasting total Hcy concentration was higher in the hemodialysis group compared with the renal transplantation group: 27.4 (18.3; 10-95) μmol/L vs 16.6 (9.5; 4.5-45.0) μmol/L (P=.00). Hyperhomocysteinemia occurred more frequently in patients receiving hemodialysis therapy (74% vs 49%). No significant correlation was observed between Hcy concentration and recipient sex, cyclosporine trough concentration and concentration at 2 days after dosing, dyslipidemia,cytomegalovirus infection, diabetes mellitus, or aspartate or alanine aminotransferase concentration. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that serum creatinine concentration (P=.02) was the major determinant of increased total Hcy concentration in renal transplant recipients. CONCLUSION A high prevalence of moderate hyperhomocysteinemia was observed in renal transplant recipients. There was no correlation between graft function and Hcy concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Einollahi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
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Khalili N, Hashemipour M, Keshteli AH, Siavash M, Amini M. The role of thyroid autoantibodies in the etiology of endemic goiter in schoolchildren of Isfahan, Iran. J Endocrinol Invest 2009; 32:899-902. [PMID: 19494708 DOI: 10.1007/bf03345769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eleven years after the initiation of universal salt iodization program in Iran, the prevalence of goiter is still high in some areas. AIM To investigate the role of thyroid autoimmunity in the etiology of residual goiter in schoolchildren of Isfahan, Iran. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 2331 schoolchildren were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling. Thyroid size was estimated in each child by inspection and palpation. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), serum anti-thyroperoxidase antibody (anti-TPO Ab), and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (Anti-Tg Ab) were measured. RESULTS Overall, 32.9% of children had goiter. The median UIC was 1955.5 microg/dl. There was significant difference in prevalence of positive anti-TPO Ab in goitrous (grade 2) and non-goitrous children (9.7 vs 3.7%, p= 0.02). Goitrous children had higher prevalence of positive anti-Tg Ab than non-goitrous ones (15.1 vs 3.1%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS According to the present study, goiter is still a public health problem in this region. This study suggests that thyroid autoimmunity is among the contributors of goiter persistence after elimination of iodine deficiency in Isfahan.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Khalili
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Seddigheh Tahereh Research Complex, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram street, Isfahan, Iran
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Golmohammadzadeh S, Jaafari MR, Khalili N. J. Cosmet. Sci., 59, 385-398 (September/October 2008)�Evaluation of liposomal and conventional formulations of octyl methoxycinnamate on human percutaneous absorption using the stripping method. Int J Cosmet Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2009.00517_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Golmohammadzadeh S, Jaafarixx MR, Khalili N. Evaluation of liposomal and conventional formulations of octyl methoxycinnamate on human percutaneous absorption using the stripping method. J Cosmet Sci 2008; 59:385-398. [PMID: 18841304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of vehicles on the penetration of octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC), as a UV absorber, to the stratum corneum by the stripping method. The experimental formulations consisted of a conventional o/w emulsion and multilamellar and small unilamellar liposomes (MLVs and SUVs) containing OMC. MLVs containing OMC were prepared by the fusion method and then converted to SUVs by probe sonication. Various formulations were then applied onto the midvolar forearms of six volunteers at a dose of 2 mg/cm2. After determined timepoints, the stripping method was conducted whereby 22 tape strips were applied and subsequently divided into different stripping groups. The sunscreen agent was assessed by HPLC while the SPF (sun protection factor) of the formulations was determined in human volunteers in accordance with the Australian standard. Overall the results indicate that skin accumulation of OMC in MLVs was significantly greater than in the o/w emulsion and SUVs. Furthermore, SUV's penetration into the deeper skin layers was significantly greater than MLV's and that of a conventional o/w emulsion. Also, higher amounts of OMC were recovered from the upper layers of the stratum corneum than from the deeper layers in all the formulations tested. Finally, the SPF of the liposomes containing OMC was slightly greater than that of the control lotions at a similar concentration of OMC. In conclusion, the result of this study indicates that an MLV prepared by the fusion method could be a better vehicle for OMC as a sunscreen since it has a slightly better SPF compared to a conventional formulation and more remains in the stratum corneum, reducing its penetration to the deeper layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Golmohammadzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Roy RR, Zhong H, Khalili N, Kim SJ, Higuchi N, Monti RJ, Grossman E, Hodgson JA, Edgerton VR. Is spinal cord isolation a good model of muscle disuse? Muscle Nerve 2007; 35:312-21. [PMID: 17154282 DOI: 10.1002/mus.20706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The patterns of normal daily activity that are required to maintain normal skeletal muscle properties remain unknown. The present study was designed to determine whether spinal cord isolation can be used as a reliable experimental model of neuromuscular inactivity, that is, as a baseline for the absence of activity. Electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded from selected hindlimb muscles of unanesthetized rats over 24-hour periods before and 7, 30, 60, and 90 days after surgical isolation of the lumbar spinal cord. Our data indicate that some rat slow muscle fibers pre-surgery were activated for less than 3 hours per day. Spinal cord isolation (SI) reduced the mean daily integrated EMG (IEMG) and daily EMG duration in the primary slow extensor muscle (soleus) to <1% of control, and in the primary fast extensor muscles [medial gastrocnemius (MG) and vastus lateralis (VL)] to <2% of control. These parameters were decreased to <8% and 3% of control, respectively, in a primary fast flexor muscle, the tibialis anterior (TA). From 30 to 90 days post-SI, the mean amplitudes of the spontaneous EMG bursts were relatively normal in the soleus, increased approximately 2-fold in the MG and VL, and increased approximately 4-fold in the TA. Some evidence of the normal antagonistic flexor-extensor relationship was apparent in the brief periods of recorded activity post-SI. These results indicate that SI eliminates nearly all of the normal EMG activity in the hindlimb muscles in the presence of relatively normal muscle innervation and functional intraspinal neural circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Roy
- Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 1320 Gonda Neuroscience and Genetics Building, Box 951761, Los Angeles, California 90095-1761, USA.
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Colliot O, Bernasconi N, Khalili N, Antel SB, Naessens V, Bernasconi A. Individual voxel-based analysis of gray matter in focal cortical dysplasia. Neuroimage 2005; 29:162-71. [PMID: 16099679 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Revised: 06/29/2005] [Accepted: 07/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution MRI of the brain has made it possible to identify focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in an increasing number of patients. There is evidence for structural abnormalities extending beyond the visually identified FCD lesion. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) has the potential of detecting both lesions and extra-lesional abnormalities because it performs a whole brain voxel-wise comparison. However, on T1-weighted MRI, FCD lesions are characterized by a wide spectrum of signal hyperintensity that may compromise the results of the segmentation step in VBM. Our purpose was to investigate gray matter (GM) changes in individual FCD patients using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). In addition, we sought to assess the performance of this technique for FCD detection with respect to lesion intensity using an operator designed to emphasize areas of hyperintense T1 signal. We studied 27 patients with known FCD and focal epilepsy and 39 healthy controls. We compared the GM map of each subject (controls and patients) with the average GM map of all controls and obtained a GM z-score map for each individual. The protocol being designed to achieve a maximal specificity, no differences in GM concentration were found in the control group. The z-score maps showed an increase in GM that coincided with the lesion in 21/27 (78%) patients. Five of the six remaining patients whose lesions were not detected by VBM presented with a strong lesion hyperintensity, and a significant part of their lesion was misclassified as white matter. In 16/27 (59%) patients, there were additional areas of GM increase distant from the primary lesion. Areas of GM decrease were found in 8/27 (30%) patients. In conclusion, individual voxel-based analysis was able to detect FCD in a majority of patients. Moreover, FCD was often associated with widespread GM changes extending beyond the visible lesion. In its current form, however, individual VBM may be unable to detect lesions characterized by strong signal intensity abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Colliot
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
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Niven RK, Khalili N. In situ fluidization for peat bed rupture, and preliminary economic analysis. J Contam Hydrol 2002; 59:67-85. [PMID: 12683640 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-7722(02)00076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study concerns in situ fluidization (ISF), a new remediation method with potential application to the remediation of NAPL and heavy metal contaminants, by their release from the fluidized zone generated by a water jet. The present study examines the effect of ISF on layers of peat, of significance owing to its role as an important NAPL and metal contaminant trap. Once trapped, such contaminants are not readily accessible by most remedial methods, due to the low permeability and diffusivity of the peat. A simple tank experiment is used to demonstrate rupture of a peat layer by ISF, with removal of the peat as elutriated fines and segregated peat chunks. The application of ISF in the field is then examined by three field trials in uncontaminated sands, in both saturated and unsaturated conditions. Fluidized depths of up to 1.9 m in the saturated zone (with refusal on a peat layer) and 2.5 m in the unsaturated zone (no refusal) were attained, using a 1.9-m-long, 50 mm diameter jet operated at 5-13 1 s(-1). Pulses of dark turbidity and shell fragments in the effluent indicated the rupture of peat and shelly layers. The experiments demonstrate the hydraulic viability of ISF in the field, and its ability to remove peat-based contaminants. The issues of appropriate jet design and water generation during ISF are discussed, followed by a preliminary economic analysis of ISF relative to existing remediation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Niven
- School of Civil Engineering. University College, The University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy, Northcott Drive, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
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Niven R, Khalili N, Hibbert D. Mixed solid/dispersed phase particles in multiphase fluidised beds. II: Stability at laminar to turbulent flow scales. Chem Eng Sci 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2509(99)00466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yuen P, Mokhtarian F, Khalili N, Illingworth J. Curvature and torsion feature extraction from free-form 3-D meshes at multiple scales. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1049/ip-vis:20000487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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