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Vollstädt ML, Stein L, Brunner N, Amasheh S. Cinnamic Acid and Caffeic Acid Effects on Gastric Tight Junction Proteins Analyzed in Xenopus laevis Oocytes. Membranes (Basel) 2024; 14:40. [PMID: 38392667 PMCID: PMC10890460 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Analysis of secondary plant compounds for the development of novel therapies is a common focus of experimental biomedicine. Currently, multiple health-supporting properties of plant-derived molecules are known but still information on many mechanisms is scarce. Cinnamic acid and caffeic acid are two of the most abundant polyphenols in human dietary fruits and vegetables. In this study, we investigated cinnamic acid and caffeic acid effects on the gastric barrier, which is primarily provided by members of the transmembrane tight junction protein family of claudins. The Xenopus laevis oocyte has been established, in recent years, as a heterologous expression system for analysis of transmembrane tight junction protein interactions, by performing paired oocyte experiments to identify an effect on protein-protein interactions, in vitro. In our current study, human gastric claudin-4, -5, and -18.2. were expressed and detected in the oocyte plasma membrane by freeze fracture electron microscopy and immunoblotting. Oocytes were paired and incubated with 100 µM or 200 µM cinnamic acid or caffeic acid, or Ringer's solution, respectively. Caffeic acid showed no effect on the contact area strength of paired oocytes but led to an increased contact area size. In contrast, cinnamic acid-incubated paired oocytes revealed a reduced contact area and a strengthening effect on the contact area was identified. These results may indicate that caffeic acid and cinnamic acid both show an effect on gastric barrier integrity via direct effects on tight junction proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luise Vollstädt
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Stein
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nora Brunner
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Salah Amasheh
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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Brunner N, Stein L, Amasheh S. Cellular Distribution Pattern of tjp1 (ZO-1) in Xenopus laevis Oocytes Heterologously Expressing Claudins. J Membr Biol 2023; 256:51-61. [PMID: 35737002 PMCID: PMC9884258 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00251-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial barriers constitute a fundamental requirement in every organism, as they allow the separation of different environments and set boundaries against noxious and other adverse effectors. In many inflammatory and degenerative diseases, epithelial barrier function is impaired because of a disturbance of the paracellular seal. Recently, the Xenopus laevis oocyte has been established as a heterologous expression model for the analysis of transmembrane tight junction protein interactions and is currently considered to be a suitable screening model for barrier effectors. A prerequisite for this application is a physiological anchoring of claudins to the cytoskeleton via the major scaffolding protein tjp1 (tight junction protein 1, ZO-1). We have analyzed the oocyte model with regard to the interaction of heterologously expressed claudins and tjp1. Our experiments have revealed endogenous tjp1 expression in protein and mRNA analyses of unfertilized Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing human claudin 1 (CLDN1) to claudin 5 (CLDN5). The amphibian cell model can therefore be used for the analysis of claudin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Brunner
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Stein
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Salah Amasheh
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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Stein L, Brunner N, Amasheh S. Functional Analysis of Gastric Tight Junction Proteins in Xenopus laevis Oocytes. Membranes 2022; 12:membranes12080731. [PMID: 35893449 PMCID: PMC9330571 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial barrier is crucial for proper gastrointestinal function, preventing the unwanted passage of solutes and therefore representing a prerequisite for vectorial transport. Claudin-4 and claudin-18.2, two critical tight junction proteins of the gastric epithelium, seal neighboring cells in a physically and mechanically challenging environment. As the Xenopus laevis oocyte allows the functional and molecular analyses of claudin interaction, we have addressed the hypothesis that this interaction is not only dependent on mechanical force but also on pH. We expressed human claudin-4 and claudin-18 in Xenopus oocytes, and analyzed them in a two-cell model approach. Cells were clustered in pairs to form contact areas expressing CLDN18 + CLDN18, CLDN4/18 + CLDN4/18, and compared to controls, respectively. Contact areas in cells incubated in medium at pH 5.5 and 7.4 were quantified by employing transmitted light microscopy. After 24 h at pH 5.5, clustering of CLDN18 + CLDN18 and CLDN4/18 + CLDN4/18-expressing oocytes revealed a contact area reduced by 45% and 32%, compared with controls, respectively. A further approach, high-pressure impulse assay, revealed a stronger tight junction interaction at pH 5.5 in oocyte pairs expressing CLDN18 + CLDN18 or CLDN4/18 + CLDN4/18 indicating a protective role of claudin-18 for tight junction integrity during pH challenge. Thus, our current analysis of gastric tight junction proteins further establishes oocytes as an expression and two-cell screening model for tight junction integrity analysis of organ- and tissue-specific claudins by the characterization of homo- and heterophilic trans-interaction dependent on barrier effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Salah Amasheh
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-838-62602; Fax: +49-30-838-462602
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Droessler L, Cornelius V, Boehm E, Stein L, Brunner N, Amasheh S. Barrier Perturbation in Porcine Peyer’s Patches by Tumor Necrosis Factor is Associated With a Dysregulation of Claudins. Front Physiol 2022; 13:889552. [PMID: 35707009 PMCID: PMC9189282 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.889552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been described as one of the main mediators of intestinal inflammatory diseases, affecting the composition of tight junction (TJ) proteins and leading to a disruption of the epithelial barrier. An intact intestinal barrier is mandatory, because the follicle-associated epithelium of Peyer’s patches represents the first defense line of the intestinal immune system and ensures a controlled uptake of antigens from the gut lumen. In the current study, we have analyzed the detailed effects of TNF on the follicle-associated epithelium of porcine Peyer’s patches by applying the Ussing chamber technique. Epithelial tissue specimens of Peyer’s patches and the surrounding villus epithelium were mounted into conventional Ussing chambers and incubated with TNF for 10 h. The transepithelial resistance, representing epithelial barrier function of the tissue, was recorded. A reduction of transepithelial resistance was detected after 8 h in Peyer’s patch tissue specimens, whereas the villus epithelium was not significantly affected by TNF. Subsequent molecular analysis of TJ protein expression revealed a marked decrease of claudin-1 and -4, and an increase of claudin-2. In neighboring villus epithelium, no significant changes in the expression of TJ proteins could be shown. A strong increase of TNF receptor-2 (TNFR-2) could also be detected in Peyer’s patches, in agreement with the major role of this receptor in Peyer’s patches. Our findings were in accordance with changes detected by confocal laser scanning immunofluorescence microscopy. The regulation of TNF effects via myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) was analyzed in blocking experiments. Our detailed analysis is the first to show that TNF affects the barrier function of the follicle-associated epithelium of porcine Peyer’s patches but has no effects on the villus epithelium. These findings reveal not only the basic differences of epithelial barrier function between the two structures, but also the significance of Peyer’s patches as a primary mucosal immune defense.
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Schären M, Snedec T, Riefke B, Slopianka M, Keck M, Gruendemann S, Wichard J, Brunner N, Klein S, Theinert KB, Pietsch F, Leonhardt A, Theile S, Rachidi F, Kaiser A, Köller G, Bannert E, Spilke J, Starke A. Aspects of transition cow metabolomics-Part I: Effects of a metaphylactic butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin treatment on the metabolome in liver, blood, and urine in cows with different liver metabotypes. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:9205-9226. [PMID: 34024600 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dairy cows in modern production systems are at risk to develop metabolic disorders during the transition period. Reasons for individual differences in susceptibility, as well as the underlying pathomechanisms, are still only partially understood. The development of metaphylactic treatment protocols is needed. In this context, an on-farm prospective 3-fold blinded randomized study involving 80 German Holstein cows was performed throughout 1 yr. The trial involved a thorough recording of the production and clinical traits, clinical chemistry, and liver biopsies and blood and urine sampling at d 14 (mean: 12 d, range: 1-26 d) antepartum (AP), and d 7 (7, 4-13) and 28 (28, 23-34) postpartum (PP) for metabolomics analyses. Two groups received a treatment with butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin (BCC) at either the dosage recommended by the manufacturer or the double dosage (5 or 10 mL/100 kg of body weight 10% butaphosphan and 0.005% cyanocobalamin (Catosal, Bayer Animal Health), n = 20 in each group, parity: 4.2 ± 2.0 and 3.4 ± 1.3, respectively (mean ± SD)] and one group a placebo treatment (NaCl 0.9%, n = 40, parity: 4.0 ± 1.9). The animals were treated at 6 time points (7, 6, and 5 d AP, and 1, 2, and 3 d PP) via intravenous injection. Mass spectroscopy-based targeted metabolomics analysis of blood plasma and liver samples were performed using the AbsoluteIDQ p180 kit (Biocrates Life Sciences), whereas the urine samples were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate [partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)] and univariate methods (linear mixed model). Multivariate data analysis (PLS-DA plots) of the liver metabolome revealed 3 different metabotypes (A = medium, B = minor, C = large alterations in liver metabolome profile between AP and PP status). Metabotype B animals were characterized by higher PP lipomobilization (stronger PP body condition decrease and higher blood bilirubin, fatty acids, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and triglyceride levels) and a higher occurrence of transition cow diseases, compared with the animals in metabotype C. Analysis of the feeding data showed that the period of metabotype B animals (calving in a distinct time frame) was characterized by a decreased grass silage quality. The PP liver metabolome of the metabotype C animals was characterized by higher concentrations of AA, acylcarnitines, lysoPC and sphingomyelins compared with metabotype B. For the metaphylactic treatment with BCC a dose-dependent effect was confirmed, differing between the metabotypes. In all matrices and metabotypes at various time points significant treatment effects were observed, with different profiles in clinical chemistry and as well in metabolomics data. The most clear-cut treatment effect was observed in metabotype B in the liver at 7 d PP, characterized by an increase in several acylcarnitines and phosphatidylcholines, indicating a more efficient influx and oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria and thereby an increase in energy supply and more efficient triglyceride export in the liver. The results from the liver metabolomics analysis support the application of an indication-based metaphylactic treatment with BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schären
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - T Snedec
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - B Riefke
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Slopianka
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Keck
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Gruendemann
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Wichard
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - N Brunner
- Bayer Animal Health GmbH, 51373 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - S Klein
- Bayer Animal Health GmbH, 51373 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - K B Theinert
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - F Pietsch
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Leonhardt
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Theile
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - F Rachidi
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Kaiser
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - G Köller
- Laboratory of Large Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - E Bannert
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Spilke
- Biometrics and Informatics in Agriculture Group, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Str. 4, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A Starke
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Schären M, Riefke B, Slopianka M, Keck M, Gruendemann S, Wichard J, Brunner N, Klein S, Snedec T, Theinert KB, Pietsch F, Rachidi F, Köller G, Bannert E, Spilke J, Starke A. Aspects of transition cow metabolomics-Part III: Alterations in the metabolome of liver and blood throughout the transition period in cows with different liver metabotypes. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:9245-9262. [PMID: 34024605 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The liver plays a central role in the postpartum (PP) energy metabolism of the transition dairy cow; however, studies describing the liver metabolome during this period were lacking. The aim of the presented study was therefore to compare the alterations in the liver and blood metabolome of transition dairy cows. For this purpose, an on-farm trial with 80 German Holstein cows (mean lactation number: 3.9; range: 2-9) was performed, with thorough documentation of clinical traits and clinical chemistry, as well as production data. Liver biopsies and blood samples were collected at d 14 (mean: 12 d, range: 1-26 d) antepartum (AP), d 7 (7, 4-13) and 28 (28, 23-34; mean, earliest-latest) PP for targeted mass spectroscopy-based metabolomics analysis using the AbsoluteIDQ p180 kit (Biocrates Life Sciences). Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate (partial least squares discriminant analysis) as well as univariate methods (linear mixed model). Multivariate data analysis of the liver metabolome revealed 3 different metabotypes (A = medium, B = minor, C = large alterations in the liver metabolome profile between AP and PP). In metabotype C, an increase of almost all acylcarnitines, lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPC), sphingomyelins, and some phosphatidylcholines (PC, mainly at 7 d PP) was observed after calving. In contrast to metabotype C, the clinical data of the metabotype B animals indicated a higher PP lipomobilization and occurrence of transition cow diseases. The liver metabolome profile of these animals most likely mirrors a failure of adaptation to the PP state. This strong occurrence of metabotypes was much less pronounced in the blood metabolome. Additionally, differences in metabolic patterns were observed across the transition period when comparing liver and blood matrices (e.g., in different biogenic amines, acylcarnitines and sphingolipids). In summary, the blood samples at 7 d PP showed lower acylcarnitines and PC, with minor alterations and a heterogeneous pattern in AA, biogenic amines, and sphingomyelins compared with 14 d AP. In contrast to 7 d PP, the blood samples at 28 PP revealed an increase in several AA, lysoPC, PC, and sphingomyelins in comparison to the AP state, irrespective of the metabotype. In the liver biopsies metabotype B differed from metabotype C animals ante partum by following metabolites: higher α aminoadipic acid, lower AA, serotonin, taurine, and symmetric dimethylarginine levels, lower or higher concentrations of certain acylcarnitines (higher: C2, C3, C5, C4:1; lower: C12:1, C14:1-OH, C16:2), and lower lysoPC (a C16:0, C18:0, C20:3, C20:4) and hexose levels. In blood samples, fewer differences were observed, with lower serotonin, acylcarnitine C16:2, lysoPC (a C16:0, C17:0, C18:0 and C18:1), PC aa C38:0, and PC ae C42:2. The results show that the use of only the blood metabolome to assess liver metabolism may be hampered by the fact that blood profiles are influenced by the metabolism of many organs, and metabolomics analysis from liver biopsies is a more suitable method to identify distinct metabotypes. Future studies should investigate the stability and reproducibility of the metabotype and phenotypes observed, and the possible predictive value of the metabolites already differing AP between metabotype B and C.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schären
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - B Riefke
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Slopianka
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Keck
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Gruendemann
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Wichard
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research and Development, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - N Brunner
- Bayer Animal Health GmbH, 51373 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - S Klein
- Bayer Animal Health GmbH, 51373 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - T Snedec
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - K B Theinert
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - F Pietsch
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - F Rachidi
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - G Köller
- Laboratory of Large Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - E Bannert
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Spilke
- Biometrics and Informatics in Agriculture Group, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Karl-Freiherr-von-Fritsch-Str. 4, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A Starke
- Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Newman K, Wilson R, Roberts JM, Mayo JR, Mohamed Ali AA, Brunner N, Sedlic A. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion for the evaluation of right ventricular function in functional cardiac CT compared to MRI. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:628.e1-628.e7. [PMID: 33879320 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare ejection fraction estimated by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) using cardiac computed tomography (CT) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to the non-invasive reference standard, volumetric quantification of right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-one patients, who had undergone functional cardiac CT angiogram and cardiac MRI within 12 months, were evaluated retrospectively. Right ventricular (RV) volumes were processed using automated cardiac analysis software for CT, and manually processed by Simpson's method for MRI. MR-TAPSE was defined as the difference in length between two separate reference lines drawn at end diastole and end systole from the lateral tricuspid annulus to the right ventricular apex measured on four-chamber CINE images. CT-TAPSE was determined in an analogous manner on four-chamber reformatted images. RESULTS MR-TAPSE correlated moderately with MR-RVEF, (r=0.57, p<0.001). CT-TAPSE was found to correlate moderately well with MR-RVEF (r=0.58, p<0.001) and CT-RVEF (r=0.63, p<0.001). Bland-Altman analysis repeated with various multiplication factors for CT-TAPSE and MR-RVEF, determined a multiplication factor of 2.7 resulted in the lowest bias (0.74%). CONCLUSION CT-TAPSE is an easily obtainable parameter of RV function and is correlated with CT-RVEF and MR-RVEF. It can function as a quick check to rapidly validate CT right volumetry and estimate MR-RVEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Newman
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - R Wilson
- Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - J M Roberts
- Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - J R Mayo
- Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - A A Mohamed Ali
- Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Brunner
- Department of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Sedlic
- Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Canada.
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Brunner N, Stein L, Cornelius V, Knittel R, Fallier-Becker P, Amasheh S. Blood-Brain Barrier Protein Claudin-5 Expressed in Paired Xenopus laevis Oocytes Mediates Cell-Cell Interaction. Front Physiol 2020; 11:857. [PMID: 32848831 PMCID: PMC7396581 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin-5 determines the sealing properties of blood-brain barrier tight junctions and its function is impaired in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders. Focusing on the contribution of claudin-5 to the trans-interaction within the tight junction seal, we used Xenopus laevis oocytes as an expression system. Cells were clustered and challenged in a novel approach for the analysis of claudin interaction. We evaluated the strengthening effect of claudin-5 to cell-cell-connection in comparison to claudin-3. Application of a hydrostatic pressure impulse on clustered control oocyte pairs revealed a reduction of contact areas. In contrast, combinations with both oocytes expressing claudins maintained an enhanced connection between the cells (cldn5-cldn5, cldn3-cldn3). Strength of interaction was increased by both claudin-3 and claudin-5. This novel approach allowed an analysis of single claudins contributing to tight junction integrity, characterizing homophilic and hetrophilic trans-interaction of claudins. To test a new screening approach for barrier effectors, exemplarily, this 2-cell model of oocytes was used to analyze the effect of the absorption enhancer sodium caprate on the oocyte pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Brunner
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Stein
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Valeria Cornelius
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ria Knittel
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Petra Fallier-Becker
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Salah Amasheh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Pillai N, Lupatsch JE, Dusheiko M, Schwenkglenks M, Maillard M, Sutherland CS, Pittet VEH, Anderegg C, Bauerfeind P, Beglinger C, Begré S, Belli D, Bengoa JM, Biedermann L, Bigler B, Binek J, Blattmann M, Boehm S, Borovicka J, Braegger CP, Brunner N, Bühr P, Burnand B, Burri E, Buyse S, Cremer M, Criblez DH, de Saussure P, Degen L, Delarive J, Doerig C, Dora B, Dorta G, Egger M, Ehmann T, El-Wafa A, Engelmann M, Ezri J, Felley C, Fliegner M, Fournier N, Fraga M, Frei P, Frei R, Fried M, Froehlich F, Funk C, Furlano RI, Gallot-Lavallée S, Geyer M, Girardin M, Golay D, Grandinetti T, Gysi B, Haack H, Haarer J, Helbling B, Hengstler P, Herzog D, Hess C, Heyland K, Hinterleitner T, Hiroz P, Hirschi C, Hruz P, Iwata R, Jost R, Juillerat P, Keller C, Knellwolf C, Knoblauch C, Köhler H, Koller R, Krieger-Grübel C, Kullak-Ublick G, Künzler P, Landolt M, Lange R, Lehmann FS, Macpherson A, Maerten P, Maillard MH, Manser C, Manz M, Marbet U, Marx G, Matter C, Meier R, Mendanova M, Michetti P, Misselwitz B, Morell B, Mosler P, Mottet C, Müller C, Müller P, Müllhaupt B, Münger-Beyeler C, Musso L, Nagy A, Neagu M, Nichita C, Niess J, Nydegger A, Obialo N, Oneta C, Oropesa C, Peter U, Peternac D, Petit LM, Piccoli-Gfeller F, Pilz JB, Pittet V, Raschle N, Rentsch R, Restellini S, Richterich JP, Rihs S, Ritz MA, Roduit J, Rogler D, Rogler G, Rossel JB, Rueger V, Saner G, Sauter B, Sawatzki M, Schäppi M, Scharl M, Scharl S, Schelling M, Schibli S, Schlauri H, Uebelhart SS, Schnegg JF, Schoepfer A, Seibold F, Seirafi M, Semadeni GM, Semela D, Senning A, Sidler M, Sokollik C, Spalinger J, Spangenberger H, Stadler P, Steuerwald M, Straumann A, Straumann-Funk B, Sulz M, Suter A, Thorens J, Tiedemann S, Tutuian R, Vavricka S, Viani F, Vögtlin J, Von Känel R, Vonlaufen A, Vouillamoz D, Vulliamy R, Wermuth J, Werner H, Wiesel P, Wiest R, Wylie T, Zeitz J, Zimmermann D. Evaluating the Cost-Effectiveness of Early Compared with Late or No Biologic Treatment to Manage Crohn's Disease using Real-World Data. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:490-500. [PMID: 31630164 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of early [≤2 years after diagnosis] compared with late or no biologic initiation [starting biologics >2 years after diagnosis or no biologic use] for adults with Crohn's disease in Switzerland. METHODS We developed a Markov cohort model over the patient's lifetime, from the health system and societal perspectives. Transition probabilities, quality of life, and costs were estimated using real-world data. Propensity score matching was used to ensure comparability between patients in the early [intervention] and late/no [comparator] biologic initiation strategies. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio [ICER] per quality-adjusted life year [QALY] gained is reported in Swiss francs [CHF]. Sensitivity and scenario analyses were performed. RESULTS Total costs and QALYs were higher for the intervention [CHF384 607; 16.84 QALYs] compared with the comparator [CHF340 800; 16.75 QALYs] strategy, resulting in high ICERs [health system: CHF887 450 per QALY; societal: CHF449 130 per QALY]. In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, assuming a threshold of CHF100 000 per QALY, the probability that the intervention strategy was cost-effective was 0.1 and 0.25 from the health system and societal perspectives, respectively. In addition, ICERs improved when we assumed a 30% reduction in biologic prices [health system: CHF134 502 per QALY; societal: intervention dominant]. CONCLUSIONS Early biologic use was not cost-effective, considering a threshold of CHF100 000 per QALY compared with late/no biologic use. However, early identification of patients likely to need biologics and future drug price reductions through increased availability of biosimilars may improve the cost-effectiveness of an early treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Pillai
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health [Unisanté], University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Judith E Lupatsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Medicine [ECPM], University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Dusheiko
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health [Unisanté], University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Faculty of Business and Economics [HEC], University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Michel Maillard
- Crohn and Colitis Center, Gastroentérologie Beaulieu SA, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Service of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Simone Sutherland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Medicine [ECPM], University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Valérie E H Pittet
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health [Unisanté], University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Brunner N, Luciolli E, Netter P, Lefas P, Vallet B, Binder P, Durrleman A. L’évaluation des politiques de santé publique. Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.banm.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Pittet V, Michetti P, Mueller C, Braegger CP, von Känel R, Schoepfer A, Macpherson AJ, Rogler G, Anderegg C, Bauerfeind P, Beglinger C, Begré S, Belli D, Bengoa JM, Biedermann L, Bigler B, Binek J, Blattmann M, Boehm S, Borovicka J, Braegger CP, Brunner N, Bühr P, Burnand B, Burri E, Buyse S, Cremer M, Criblez DH, de Saussure P, Degen L, Delarive J, Doerig C, Dora B, Dorta G, Egger M, Ehmann T, El-Wafa A, Engelmann M, Ezri J, Felley C, Fliegner M, Fournier N, Fraga M, Frei P, Frei PR, Fried M, Froehlich F, Funk C, Furlano RI, Gallot-Lavallée S, Geyer M, Girardin M, Golay D, Grandinetti T, Gysi B, Haack H, Haarer J, Helbling B, Hengstler P, Herzog D, Hess C, Heyland K, Hinterleitner T, Hiroz P, Hirschi C, Hruz P, Iwata R, Jost R, Juillerat P, Keller C, Knellwolf C, Knoblauch C, Köhler H, Koller R, Krieger-Grübel C, Kullak-Ublick G, Künzler P, Landolt M, Lange R, Lehmann FS, Macpherson A, Maerten P, Maillard MH, Manser C, Manz M, Marbet U, Marx G, Matter C, Meier R, Mendanova M, Michetti P, Misselwitz B, Morell B, Mosler P, Mottet C, Müller C, Müller P, Müllhaupt B, Münger-Beyeler C, Musso L, Nagy A, Neagu M, Nichita C, Niess J, Nydegger A, Obialo N, Oneta C, Oropesa C, Peter U, Peternac D, Petit LM, Piccoli-Gfeller F, Pilz JB, Pittet V, Raschle N, Rentsch R, Restellini RS, Richterich JP, Rihs S, Ritz MA, Roduit J, Rogler D, Rogler G, Rossel JB, Rueger V, Saner G, Sauter B, Sawatzki M, Schäppi M, Scharl M, Scharl S, Schelling M, Schibli S, Schlauri H, Uebelhart SS, Schnegg JF, Schoepfer A, Seibold F, Seirafi M, Semadeni GM, Semela D, Senning A, Sidler M, Sokollik C, Spalinger J, Spangenberger H, Stadler P, Steuerwald M, Straumann A, Straumann-Funk B, Sulz M, Suter A, Thorens J, Tiedemann S, Tutuian R, Vavricka S, Viani F, Vögtlin J, Von Känel R, Vonlaufen A, Vouillamoz D, Vulliamy R, Wermuth J, Werner H, Wiesel P, Wiest R, Wylie T, Zeitz J, Zimmermann D. Cohort Profile Update: The Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study (SIBDCS). Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:385-386f. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Pittet
- Institute of Social & Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Michetti
- Crohn and Colitis Center, Gastroentérologie Beaulieu SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian P Braegger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alain Schoepfer
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J Macpherson
- University Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
- Maurice Muller Laboratories, Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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Vitzthum C, Stein L, Brunner N, Knittel R, Fallier-Becker P, Amasheh S. Xenopus oocytes as a heterologous expression system for analysis of tight junction proteins. FASEB J 2019; 33:5312-5319. [PMID: 30645152 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801451rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Claudins (cldns) represent the largest family of transmembrane tight junction (TJ) proteins, determining organ-specific epithelial barrier properties. Because methods for the analysis of multiple cldn interaction are limited, we have established the heterologous Xenopus laevis oocyte expression system for TJ protein assembly and interaction analysis. Oocytes were injected with cRNA encoding human cldn-1, -2, or -3 or with a combination of these and were incubated in pairs for interaction analysis. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were performed, and membrane contact areas were analyzed morphometrically and by freeze fracture electron microscopy. Cldns were specifically detected in membranes of expressing oocytes, and coincubation of oocytes resulted in adhesive contact areas that increased with incubation time. Adjacent membrane areas revealed specific cldn signals, including "kissing-point"-like structures representing homophilic trans-interactions of cldns. Contact areas of oocytes expressing a combination markedly exceeded those expressing single cldns, indicating effects on adhesion. Ultrastructural analysis revealed a self-assembly of TJ strands and a cldn-specific strand morphology.-Vitzthum, C., Stein, L., Brunner, N., Knittel, R., Fallier-Becker, P., Amasheh, S. Xenopus oocytes as a heterologous expression system for analysis of tight junction proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Vitzthum
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Laura Stein
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Nora Brunner
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Ria Knittel
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Petra Fallier-Becker
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Salah Amasheh
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; and
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Madanchi M, Fagagnini S, Fournier N, Biedermann L, Zeitz J, Battegay E, Zimmerli L, Vavricka SR, Rogler G, Scharl M, Bauerfeind P, Beglinger C, Begré S, Belli D, Bengoa JM, Biedermann L, Bigler B, Binek J, Blattmann M, Boehm S, Borovicka J, Braegger CP, Brunner N, Bühr P, Burnand B, Burri E, Buyse S, Cremer M, Criblez DH, Saussure PD, Degen L, Delarive J, Doerig C, Dora B, Dorta G, Egger M, Ehmann T, El-Wafa A, Engelmann M, Ezri J, Felley C, Fliegner M, Fournier N, Fraga M, Frei P, Frei R, Fried M, Froehlich F, Funk C, Furlano RI, Gallot-Lavallée S, Geyer M, Girardin M, Golay D, Grandinetti T, Gysi B, Haack H, Haarer J, Helbling B, Hengstler P, Herzog D, Hess C, Heyland K, Hinterleitner T, Hiroz P, Hirschi C, Hruz P, Iwata R, Jost R, Juillerat P, Brondolo VK, Knellwolf C, Knoblauch C, Köhler H, Koller R, Krieger-Grübel C, Kullak-Ublick G, Künzler P, Landolt M, Lange R, Lehmann FS, Macpherson A, Maerten P, Maillard MH, Manser C, Manz M, Marbet U, Marx G, Matter C, McLin V, Meier R, Mendanova M, Meyenberger C, Michetti P, Misselwitz B, Moradpour D, Morell B, Mosler P, Mottet C, Müller C, Müller P, Müllhaupt B, Münger-Beyeler C, Musso L, Nagy A, Neagu M, Nichita C, Niess J, Noël N, Nydegger A, Obialo N, Oneta C, Oropesa C, Peter U, Peternac D, Petit LM, Piccoli-Gfeller F, Pilz JB, Pittet V, Raschle N, Rentsch R, Restellini S, Richterich JP, Rihs S, Ritz MA, Roduit J, Rogler D, Rogler G, Rossel JB, Sagmeister M, Saner G, Sauter B, Sawatzki M, Schäppi M, Scharl M, Schelling M, Schibli S, Schlauri H, Uebelhart SS, Schnegg JF, Schoepfer A, Seibold F, Seirafi M, Semadeni GM, Semela D, Senning A, Sidler M, Sokollik C, Spalinger J, Spangenberger H, Stadler P, Steuerwald M, Straumann A, Straumann-Funk B, Sulz M, Thorens J, Tiedemann S, Tutuian R, Vavricka S, Viani F, Vögtlin J, Känel RV, Vonlaufen A, Vouillamoz D, Vulliamy R, Wermuth J, Werner H, Wiesel P, Wiest R, Wylie T, Zeitz J, Zimmermann D. The Relevance of Vitamin and Iron Deficiency in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Patients of the Swiss IBD Cohort. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1768-1779. [PMID: 29669023 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ANDAIMS Vitamin and iron deficiencies are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as a result of chronic intestinal inflammation, increase in demand, or dietary restrictions. Here, we assessed the frequency of complications in relation to deficiency of iron, folate acid, and vitamin B12 in patients enrolled in the nationwide Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study (SIBDCS). METHODS A total of 2666 patients were included in the study, 1558 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 1108 with ulcerative colitis (UC). RESULTS Iron deficiency anemia was detected in 19.6% of CD patients and 21.6% of UC patients. In CD patients low BMI and nonsmoker status were positively associated with anemia. In both CD and UC, malabsorption syndrome, defined as failure of the GI tract to absorb 1 or more substances from the diet, was found to be significantly associated with anemia (6.2% and 3.8%, respectively) and current steroid use (40% CD, 52.7% UC). In CD patients with ileal (31.7% vs 20%) and colonic (29.9% vs 25%) disease location folate deficiency was significantly higher than in patients with ileocolonic CD or upper GI involvement. In CD patients, vitamin B12 deficiency was associated with the onset of stenosis and intestinal surgery (42.9% vs 32.8% and 46% vs 33% for patients with versus without B12 deficiency). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that due to frequent occurrence of deficiency states, regular monitoring and substitution of vitamins and iron are mandatory and may prevent long-term intestinal and extraintestinal complications in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matiar Madanchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefania Fagagnini
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Fournier
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luc Biedermann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Zeitz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edouard Battegay
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Zimmerli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Olten, Olten, Switzerland
| | - Stephan R Vavricka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stadtspital Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Cathepsins B, H and L have been shown to participate in processes of tumor growth, vascularization, invasion and metastasis. Their levels in tumor tissue extracts can provide useful clinical information to predict disease-free and overall survival in breast, lung, colorectal, brain and head and neck cancer patients. Recently we have found that both cysteine cathepsins and their endogenous protein inhibitors stefins and cystatin C can also predict prognosis when measured extracellularly. In melanoma and colorectal cancer patients high serum levels of cathepsins B and H correlated with shorter survival. Similarly, increased extracellular levels of stefins A and B and cystatin C correlated significantly with high risk of adverse outcome in cancer patients. However, the cathepsin B/cystatin C complex was found to be less abundant in sera of patients with malignant tumors than in those with benign diseases or in healthy controls, suggesting an imbalance between the enzyme and its inhibitor in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kos
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Vangsted A, Jensen P, Madsen M, Gimsing P, Jensen T, Hansen A, Rasmussen A, Nielsen A, Buhl U, Jandu H, Brunner N, Pratt B, Frølund U, Helleberg C, Abildgaard N, Knudsen S. APO010 sensitivity in relapsed multiple myeloma patients. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw363.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Alkhodair A, Tsang M, Ramanathan K, Swiston J, Levy R, Huckell V, Brunner N. COMPARISON OF THERMODILUTION AND INDIRECT FICK CARDIAC OUTPUTS IN PULMONARY ARTERY HYPERTENSION. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Guerreiro T, Monteiro F, Martin A, Brask JB, Vértesi T, Korzh B, Caloz M, Bussières F, Verma VB, Lita AE, Mirin RP, Nam SW, Marsilli F, Shaw MD, Gisin N, Brunner N, Zbinden H, Thew RT. Demonstration of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering Using Single-Photon Path Entanglement and Displacement-Based Detection. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:070404. [PMID: 27563941 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.070404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the violation of an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering inequality developed for single-photon path entanglement with displacement-based detection. We use a high-rate source of heralded single-photon path-entangled states, combined with high-efficiency superconducting-based detectors, in a scheme that is free of any postselection and thus immune to the detection loophole. This result conclusively demonstrates single-photon entanglement in a one-sided device-independent scenario, and opens the way towards implementations of device-independent quantum technologies within the paradigm of path entanglement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Guerreiro
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - F Monteiro
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - A Martin
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - J B Brask
- Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - T Vértesi
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H4001-Debrecen, P.O. Box 51, Hungary
| | - B Korzh
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - M Caloz
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - F Bussières
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - V B Verma
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - A E Lita
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - R P Mirin
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - S W Nam
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - F Marsilli
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - M D Shaw
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - N Gisin
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - N Brunner
- Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - H Zbinden
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - R T Thew
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Mikocka-Walus A, Pittet V, Rossel JB, von Känel R, Bauerfeind P, Beglinger C, Begré S, Belli D, Bengoa JM, Biedermann L, Bigler B, Binek J, Blattmann M, Boehm S, Borovicka J, Braegger CP, Brunner N, Bühr P, Burnand B, Burri E, Buyse S, Cremer M, Criblez DH, de Saussure P, Degen L, Delarive J, Doerig C, Dora B, Dorta G, Egger M, Ehmann T, El-Wafa A, Engelmann M, Ezri J, Felley C, Fliegner M, Fournier N, Fraga M, Frei P, Frei R, Fried M, Froehlich F, Funk C, Ivano Furlano R, Gallot-Lavallée S, Geyer M, Girardin M, Golay D, Grandinetti T, Gysi B, Haack H, Haarer J, Helbling B, Hengstler P, Herzog D, Hess C, Heyland K, Hinterleitner T, Hiroz P, Hirschi C, Hruz P, Iwata R, Jost R, Juillerat P, Kessler Brondolo V, Knellwolf C, Knoblauch C, Köhler H, Koller R, Krieger-Grübel C, Kullak-Ublick G, Künzler P, Landolt M, Lange R, Serge Lehmann F, Macpherson A, Maerten P, Maillard MH, Manser C, Manz M, Marbet U, Marx G, Matter C, McLin V, Meier R, Mendanova M, Meyenberger C, Michetti P, Misselwitz B, Moradpour D, Morell B, Mosler P, Mottet C, Müller C, Müller P, Müllhaupt B, Münger-Beyeler C, Musso L, Nagy A, Neagu M, Nichita C, Niess J, Noël N, Nydegger A, Obialo N, Oneta C, Oropesa C, Peter U, Peternac D, Marie Petit L, Piccoli-Gfeller F, Beatrice Pilz J, Pittet V, Raschle N, Rentsch R, Restellini S, Richterich JP, Rihs S, Alain Ritz M, Roduit J, Rogler D, Rogler G, Rossel JB, Sagmeister M, Saner G, Sauter B, Sawatzki M, Schäppi M, Scharl M, Schelling M, Schibli S, Schlauri H, Schmid Uebelhart S, Schnegg JF, Schoepfer A, Seibold F, Seirafi M, Semadeni GM, Semela D, Senning A, Sidler M, Sokollik C, Spalinger J, Spangenberger H, Stadler P, Steuerwald M, Straumann A, Straumann-Funk B, Sulz M, Thorens J, Tiedemann S, Tutuian R, Vavricka S, Viani F, Vögtlin J, Von Känel R, Vonlaufen A, Vouillamoz D, Vulliamy R, Wermuth J, Werner H, Wiesel P, Wiest R, Wylie T, Zeitz J, Zimmermann D. Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Are Independently Associated With Clinical Recurrence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 14:829-835.e1. [PMID: 26820402 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We examined the relationship between symptoms of depression and anxiety and clinical recurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a large patient cohort. We considered the progression of depression and anxiety over time. METHODS We collected clinical and treatment data on 2007 adult participants of the Swiss IBD study (56% with Crohn's disease [CD], 48% male) performed in Switzerland from 2006 through 2015. Depression and anxiety symptoms were quantified by using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The relationship between depression and anxiety scores and clinical recurrence was analyzed by using survival-time techniques. RESULTS We found a significant association between symptoms of depression and clinical recurrence over time (for all patients with IBD, P = .000001; for subjects with CD, P = .0007; for subjects with ulcerative colitis, P = .005). There was also a significant relationship between symptoms of anxiety and clinical recurrence over time in all subjects with IBD (P = .0014) and in subjects with CD (P = .031) but not ulcerative colitis (P = .066). CONCLUSIONS In an analysis of a large cohort of subjects with IBD, we found a significant association between symptoms of depression or anxiety and clinical recurrence. Patients with IBD should therefore be screened for clinically relevant levels of depression and anxiety and referred to psychologists or psychiatrists for further evaluation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Mikocka-Walus
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Foundation Brocher, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Valerie Pittet
- Health Care Evaluation Unit, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Benoît Rossel
- Health Care Evaluation Unit, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Clinic Barmelweid, Barmelweid, Switzerland
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Yip A, Al-Ahmari LS, Al-Ahmari TS, Brunner N, Jue J. ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF PULMONARY VALVE MOTION IN PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. Can J Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Buhl I, Gerster S, Delorenzi M, Jensen T, Jensen P, Brunner N, Hansen A, Knudsen S. A Genetic Response Profile to Predict Efficacy of Adjuvant 5-Fu in Colon Cancer. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu333.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Aaberg-Jessen C, Fogh L, Halle B, Jensen V, Brunner N, Kristensen BW, Abe T, Momii Y, Watanabe J, Morisaki I, Natsume A, Wakabayashi T, Fujiki M, Aldaz B, Fabius AWM, Silber J, Harinath G, Chan TA, Huse JT, Anai S, Hide T, Nakamura H, Makino K, Yano S, Kuratsu JI, Balyasnikova IV, Prasol MS, Kanoija DK, Aboody KS, Lesniak MS, Barone T, Burkhart C, Purmal A, Gudkov A, Gurova K, Plunkett R, Barton K, Misuraca K, Cordero F, Dobrikova E, Min H, Gromeier M, Kirsch D, Becher O, Pont LB, Kloezeman J, van den Bent M, Kanaar R, Kremer A, Swagemakers S, French P, Dirven C, Lamfers M, Leenstra S, Pont LB, Balvers R, Kloezeman J, Kleijn A, Lawler S, Leenstra S, Dirven C, Lamfers M, Gong X, Andres A, Hanson J, Delashaw J, Bota D, Chen CC, Yao NW, Chuang WJ, Chang C, Chen PY, Huang CY, Wei KC, Cheng Y, Dai Q, Morshed R, Han Y, Auffinger B, Wainwright D, Zhang L, Tobias A, Rincon E, Thaci B, Ahmed A, He C, Lesniak M, Choi YA, Pandya H, Gibo DM, Fokt I, Priebe W, Debinski W, Chornenkyy Y, Agnihotri S, Buczkowicz P, Rakopoulos P, Morrison A, Barszczyk M, Becher O, Hawkins C, Chung S, Decollogne S, Luk P, Shen H, Ha W, Day B, Stringer B, Hogg P, Dilda P, McDonald K, Moore S, Hayden-Gephart M, Bergen J, Su Y, Rayburn H, Edwards M, Scott M, Cochran J, Das A, Varma AK, Wallace GC, Dixon-Mah YN, Vandergrift WA, Giglio P, Ray SK, Patel SJ, Banik NL, Dasgupta T, Olow A, Yang X, Mueller S, Prados M, James CD, Haas-Kogan D, Dave ND, Desai PB, Gudelsky GA, Chow LML, LaSance K, Qi X, Driscoll J, Driscoll J, Ebsworth K, Walters MJ, Ertl LS, Wang Y, Berahovic RD, McMahon J, Powers JP, Jaen JC, Schall TJ, Eroglu Z, Portnow J, Sacramento A, Garcia E, Raubitschek A, Synold T, Esaki S, Rabkin S, Martuza R, Wakimoto H, Ferluga S, Tome CL, Debinski W, Forde HE, Netland IA, Sleire L, Skeie B, Enger PO, Goplen D, Giladi M, Tichon A, Schneiderman R, Porat Y, Munster M, Dishon M, Weinberg U, Kirson E, Wasserman Y, Palti Y, Giladi M, Porat Y, Schneiderman R, Munster M, Weinberg U, Kirson E, Palti Y, Gramatzki D, Staudinger M, Frei K, Peipp M, Weller M, Grasso C, Liu L, Becher O, Berlow N, Davis L, Fouladi M, Gajjar A, Hawkins C, Huang E, Hulleman E, Hutt M, Keller C, Li XN, Meltzer P, Quezado M, Quist M, Raabe E, Spellman P, Truffaux N, van Vurden D, Wang N, Warren K, Pal R, Grill J, Monje M, Green AL, Ramkissoon S, McCauley D, Jones K, Perry JA, Ramkissoon L, Maire C, Shacham S, Ligon KL, Kung AL, Zielinska-Chomej K, Grozman V, Tu J, Viktorsson K, Lewensohn R, Gupta S, Mladek A, Bakken K, Carlson B, Boakye-Agyeman F, Kizilbash S, Schroeder M, Reid J, Sarkaria J, Hadaczek P, Ozawa T, Soroceanu L, Yoshida Y, Matlaf L, Singer E, Fiallos E, James CD, Cobbs CS, Hashizume R, Tom M, Ihara Y, Ozawa T, Santos R, Torre JDL, Lepe E, Waldman T, Prados M, James D, Hashizume R, Ihara Y, Huang X, Yu-Jen L, Tom M, Mueller S, Gupta N, Solomon D, Waldman T, Zhang Z, James D, Hayashi T, Adachi K, Nagahisa S, Hasegawa M, Hirose Y, Gephart MH, Moore S, Bergen J, Su YS, Rayburn H, Scott M, Cochran J, Hingtgen S, Kasmieh R, Nesterenko I, Figueiredo JL, Dash R, Sarkar D, Fisher P, Shah K, Horne E, Diaz P, Stella N, Huang C, Yang H, Wei K, Huang T, Hlavaty J, Ostertag D, Espinoza FL, Martin B, Petznek H, Rodriguez-Aguirre M, Ibanez C, Kasahara N, Gunzburg W, Gruber H, Pertschuk D, Jolly D, Robbins J, Hurwitz B, Yoo JY, Bolyard C, Yu JG, Wojton J, Zhang J, Bailey Z, Eaves D, Cripe T, Old M, Kaur B, Serwer L, Yoshida Y, Le Moan N, Santos R, Ng S, Butowski N, Krtolica A, Ozawa T, Cary SPL, James CD, Johns T, Greenall S, Donoghue J, Adams T, Karpel-Massler G, Westhoff MA, Kast RE, Dwucet A, Wirtz CR, Debatin KM, Halatsch ME, Karpel-Massler G, Kast RE, Westhoff MA, Merkur N, Dwucet A, Wirtz CR, Debatin KM, Halatsch ME, Kievit F, Stephen Z, Wang K, Kolstoe D, Silber J, Ellenbogen R, Zhang M, Kitange G, Schroeder M, Sarkaria J, Kleijn A, Haefner E, Leenstra S, Dirven C, Lamfers M, Knubel K, Pernu BM, Sufit A, Pierce AM, Nelson SK, Keating AK, Jensen SS, Kristensen BW, Lachowicz J, Demeule M, Regina A, Tripathy S, Curry JC, Nguyen T, Castaigne JP, Le Moan N, Serwer L, Yoshida Y, Ng S, Davis T, Santos R, Davis A, Tanaka K, Keating T, Getz J, Kapp GT, Romero JM, Ozawa T, James CD, Krtolica A, Cary SPL, Lee S, Ramisetti S, Slagle-Webb B, Sharma A, Connor J, Lee WS, Maire C, Kluk M, Aster JC, Ligon K, Sun S, Lee D, Ho ASW, Pu JKS, Zhang ZQ, Lee NP, Day PJR, Leung GKK, Liu Z, Liu X, Madhankumar AB, Miller P, Webb B, Connor JR, Yang QX, Lobo M, Green S, Schabel M, Gillespie Y, Woltjer R, Pike M, Lu YJ, Torre JDL, Waldman T, Prados M, Ozawa T, James D, Luchman HA, Stechishin O, Nguyen S, Cairncross JG, Weiss S, Lun X, Wells JC, Hao X, Zhang J, Grinshtein N, Kaplan D, Luchman A, Weiss S, Cairncross JG, Senger D, Robbins S, Madhankumar A, Slagle-Webb B, Rizk E, Payne R, Park A, Pang M, Harbaugh K, Connor J, Wilisch-Neumann A, Pachow D, Kirches E, Mawrin C, McDonell S, Liang J, Piao Y, Nguyen N, Yung A, Verhaak R, Sulman E, Stephan C, Lang F, de Groot J, Mizobuchi Y, Okazaki T, Kageji T, Kuwayama K, Kitazato KT, Mure H, Hara K, Morigaki R, Matsuzaki K, Nakajima K, Nagahiro S, Kumala S, Heravi M, Devic S, Muanza T, Nelson SK, Knubel KH, Pernu BM, Pierce AM, Keating AK, Neuwelt A, Nguyen T, Wu YJ, Donson A, Vibhakar R, Venkatamaran S, Amani V, Neuwelt E, Rapkin L, Foreman N, Ibrahim F, New P, Cui K, Zhao H, Chow D, Stephen W, Nozue-Okada K, Nagane M, McDonald KL, Ogawa D, Chiocca E, Godlewski J, Ozawa T, Yoshida Y, Santos R, James D, Pang M, Liu X, Madhankumar AB, Slagle-Webb B, Patel A, Miller P, Connor J, Pasupuleti N, Gorin F, Valenzuela A, Leon L, Carraway K, Ramachandran C, Nair S, Quirrin KW, Khatib Z, Escalon E, Melnick S, Phillips A, Boghaert E, Vaidya K, Ansell P, Shalinsky D, Zhang Y, Voorbach M, Mudd S, Holen K, Humerickhouse R, Reilly E, Huang T, Parab S, Diago O, Espinoza FL, Martin B, Ibanez C, Kasahara N, Gruber H, Pertschuk D, Jolly D, Robbins J, Ryken T, Agarwal S, Al-Keilani M, Alqudah M, Sibenaller Z, Assemolt M, Sai K, Li WY, Li WP, Chen ZP, Saito R, Sonoda Y, Kanamori M, Yamashita Y, Kumabe T, Tominaga T, Sarkar G, Curran G, Jenkins R, Scharnweber R, Kato Y, Lin J, Everson R, Soto H, Kruse C, Kasahara N, Liau L, Prins R, Semenkow S, Chu Q, Eberhart C, Sengupta R, Marassa J, Piwnica-Worms D, Rubin J, Serwer L, Kapp GT, Le Moan N, Yoshida Y, Romero JM, Ng S, Davis A, Ozawa T, Krtolica A, James CD, Cary SPL, Shai R, Pismenyuk T, Moshe I, Fisher T, Freedman S, Simon A, Amariglio N, Rechavi G, Toren A, Yalon M, Shen H, Decollogne S, Dilda P, Chung S, Luk P, Hogg P, McDonald K, Shimazu Y, Kurozumi K, Ichikawa T, Fujii K, Onishi M, Ishida J, Oka T, Watanabe M, Nasu Y, Kumon H, Date I, Sirianni RW, McCall RL, Spoor J, van der Kaaij M, Kloezeman J, Geurtjens M, Dirven C, Lamfers M, Leenstra S, Stephen Z, Veiseh O, Kievit F, Fang C, Leung M, Ellenbogen R, Silber J, Zhang M, Strohbehn G, Atsina KK, Patel T, Piepmeier J, Zhou J, Saltzman WM, Takahashi M, Valdes G, Inagaki A, Kamijima S, Hiraoka K, Micewicz E, McBride WH, Iwamoto KS, Gruber HE, Robbins JM, Jolly DJ, Kasahara N, Warren K, McCully C, Bacher J, Thomas T, Murphy R, Steffen-Smith E, McAllister R, Pastakia D, Widemann B, Wei K, Yang H, Huang C, Chen P, Hua M, Liu H, Woolf EC, Abdelwahab MG, Fenton KE, Liu Q, Turner G, Preul MC, Scheck AC, Yoshida Y, Ozawa T, Butowski N, Shen W, Brown D, Pedersen H, James D, Zhang J, Hariono S, Yao TW, Sidhu A, Hashizume R, James CD, Weiss WA, Nicolaides TP, Olusanya T. EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:iii37-iii61. [PMCID: PMC3823891 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
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Christensen BG, McCusker KT, Altepeter JB, Calkins B, Gerrits T, Lita AE, Miller A, Shalm LK, Zhang Y, Nam SW, Brunner N, Lim CCW, Gisin N, Kwiat PG. Detection-loophole-free test of quantum nonlocality, and applications. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:130406. [PMID: 24116754 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.130406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a source of entangled photons that violates a Bell inequality free of the "fair-sampling" assumption, by over 7 standard deviations. This violation is the first reported experiment with photons to close the detection loophole, and we demonstrate enough "efficiency" overhead to eventually perform a fully loophole-free test of local realism. The entanglement quality is verified by maximally violating additional Bell tests, testing the upper limit of quantum correlations. Finally, we use the source to generate "device-independent" private quantum random numbers at rates over 4 orders of magnitude beyond previous experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Christensen
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Vwalika B, Haddad L, Khu N, Kilembe W, Brunner N, Sitrin D, Allen S. Promotion of long-acting reversible contraception in a strategy for integration of family planning into couples' voluntary counseling and testing in Lusaka, Zambia. Contraception 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Nielsen KV, Brunner N. Re: Topoisomerase II Alpha and Responsiveness of Breast Cancer to Adjuvant Chemotherapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011; 103:352-3. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Schrohl AS, Jensen SS, Pedersen HC, Nielsen SL, Brunner N. Abstract P4-08-08: Cross Reactivity of Clinically Validated Anti-HER2 Antibodies. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p4-08-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-) 2 belongs to the family of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) with homology to HER1, HER3 and HER4. HER2 is over-expressed in approximately 20% of invasive human breast cancers (Wolff, Hammond et al. 2007). Over-expression of HER2 is associated with a poor prognosis; however, the protein can be targeted by anti-HER2 therapy (trastuzumab, Herceptin®) (Slamon, Leyland-Jones et al. 2001). Trastuzumab therapy is offered only to patients whose tumors over-express HER2 protein and/or show amplification of the HER2 gene. Accordingly, the expression level of HER2 protein and/or amplification of the HER2 gene are determined routinely in all newly diagnosed breast cancers. Essential to this testing of HER2 expression at the protein level is the availability of specific antibody-based test systems.
Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the specificity of three clinically approved commercially available anti-HER2 antibodies towards members of the EGFR-family.
Methods: We studied the antibody used in the Herceptest™ (Dako), the PATHWAY® antibody (Ventana Medical Systems, Inc.) and the Oracle™ antibody (Leica Microsystems). Antibody specificity was investigated by manually performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in competitive ELISAs. For IHC, Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells were transiently transfected with the intracellular domain of respectively HER1, HER2, HER3 and HER4 and all three antibodies were applied to sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) transfected cells. In ELISA, cross reactivity towards HER1 and HER4 was tested with peptides corresponding to the C-terminal part of HER1 and HER4.
Results: In IHC experiments, all three antibodies stained cells transfected with HER2. Binding of the antibodies to HER2 was confirmed bycompetitive ELISA. However, in IHC experiments the PATHWAY® and the Oracle™ antibodies also stained cells transfected with HER4. Competitive ELISAs confirmed binding of the PATHWAY® antibody to HER4, whereas binding of the Oracle™ antibody to HER4 could not be confirmed in a competitive ELISA. None of the antibodies cross reacted with HER1 and HER3 homologous to the HER2 binding site of the antibodies.
Conclusions: Two out of three clinically validated anti-HER2 antibodies were shown to cross react with HER4 in FFPE cells. As determination of HER2 over-expression and/or amplification guides therapy with trastuzumab, a valid test result by the use of specific antibodies is crucial to ensure proper personalized therapy with HER2-targeted therapy. These results warrant further investigation of anti-HER2 antibodies and of the procedures for clinical determination of HER2 protein expression. References:
Slamon DJ et al. (2001) J Med 344:783 Wolff AC et al. (2007) J Clin Oncol 25:118
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-08-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-S Schrohl
- University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Dako AS Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - SS Jensen
- University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Dako AS Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - HC Pedersen
- University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Dako AS Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - SL Nielsen
- University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Dako AS Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - N. Brunner
- University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Dako AS Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
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Duffy MJ, Napieralski R, Martens JWM, Span PN, Spyratos F, Sweep FCGJ, Brunner N, Foekens JA, Schmitt M. Methylated genes as new cancer biomarkers. Eur J Cancer 2009; 45:335-46. [PMID: 19138839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Revised: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant hypermethylation of promoter regions in specific genes is a key event in the formation and progression of cancer. In at least some situations, these aberrant alterations occur early in the formation of malignancy and appear to be tumour specific. Multiple reports have suggested that measurement of the methylation status of the promoter regions of specific genes can aid early detection of cancer, determine prognosis and predict therapy responses. Promising DNA methylation biomarkers include the use of methylated GSTP1 for aiding the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, methylated PITX2 for predicting outcome in lymph node-negative breast cancer patients and methylated MGMT in predicting benefit from alkylating agents in patients with glioblastomas. However, prior to clinical utilisation, these findings require validation in prospective clinical studies. Furthermore, assays for measuring gene methylation need to be standardised, simplified and evaluated in external quality assurance programmes. It is concluded that methylated genes have the potential to provide a new generation of cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Duffy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Johansen JS, Christensen IJ, Price PA, Brunner N, Nielsen HJ. Serum YKL-40 in risk assessment for colorectal cancer. A population based, prospective study of 4,987 subjects at risk of colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.4136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ghamande S, Silverman M, Gold M, Huh W, Behbakht K, Ball G, Cuasay L, Brunner N. A phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of clinical activity and safety of Å6 in patients with asymptomatic CA 125 progression of epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
16014 Background: Patients (pts) with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) often relapse and rising CA 125 levels predate clinical or radiological appearance of tumor. High tumor and serum levels of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in EOC correlate to adverse outcomes. Å6 is a novel peptide derived from human uPA that down-regulates the uPA system and has anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic activity in animals. Methods: Pts with EOC, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer in clinical remission after first line chemotherapy had to have 2 consecutive rises of CA 125 levels above normal with no disease on physical examination or imaging studies. Pts were randomized to receive daily subcutaneous injections of placebo, 150 mg Å6, or 300 mg Å6 until disease progression. The primary objectives were to assess safety and clinical activity of Å6 by the effect on the onset of disease progression. Results: 48 pts were planned for the study. The trial ended early with 24 patients {12 pts (50%) placebo, 8 pts (33%) low dose Å6, 4 pts (17%) high dose Å6} randomized, treated and followed for up to 9 months. Despite early study termination and small sample size, A6 therapy was associated with a statistically significant progression free survival (PFS) (log rank p value=0.01) with a median PFS of 100 days (95% CI 64,168) compared to 49 days (95% CI 29,67) in pts who received the placebo. The treatments were well tolerated with one serious adverse event (transient nausea and dyspnea ) possibly related to study drug. Treatment was not associated with CA 125 response (Fisher exact test p value= 0.44). Conclusions: Å6 therapy increases PFS of patients with EOC and asymptomatic progression of CA 125. This therapy is novel, safe, feasible and deserves further investigation [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Ghamande
- Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta, GA; Angstrom Pharmaceuticals, Solana Beach, CA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma city, OK; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO; Westat, Houston, TX; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Silverman
- Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta, GA; Angstrom Pharmaceuticals, Solana Beach, CA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma city, OK; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO; Westat, Houston, TX; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Gold
- Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta, GA; Angstrom Pharmaceuticals, Solana Beach, CA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma city, OK; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO; Westat, Houston, TX; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - W. Huh
- Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta, GA; Angstrom Pharmaceuticals, Solana Beach, CA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma city, OK; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO; Westat, Houston, TX; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K. Behbakht
- Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta, GA; Angstrom Pharmaceuticals, Solana Beach, CA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma city, OK; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO; Westat, Houston, TX; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G. Ball
- Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta, GA; Angstrom Pharmaceuticals, Solana Beach, CA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma city, OK; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO; Westat, Houston, TX; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L. Cuasay
- Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta, GA; Angstrom Pharmaceuticals, Solana Beach, CA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma city, OK; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO; Westat, Houston, TX; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N. Brunner
- Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta, GA; Angstrom Pharmaceuticals, Solana Beach, CA; University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma city, OK; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO; Westat, Houston, TX; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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van Houwelingen JAW, Brunner N, Beveratos A, Zbinden H, Gisin N. Quantum teleportation with a three-Bell-state analyzer. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:130502. [PMID: 16711974 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.130502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel Bell-state analyzer (BSA) for time-bin qubits allowing the detection of three out of four Bell states with linear optics, two detectors, and no auxiliary photons. The theoretical success rate of this scheme is 50%. Our new BSA demonstrates the power of generalized quantum measurements, known as positive operator valued measurements. A teleportation experiment was performed to demonstrate its functionality. We also present a teleportation experiment with a fidelity larger than the cloning limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A W van Houwelingen
- Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, Rue de l'Ecole-de-Médecine 20 CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
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30
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Starkl M, Brunner N, Grasser U, Moog O, Stagl S, Kärrman E, Wimmer J, Szewieczek R, Haberl R. Analysis and evaluation of methodologies to assess technical urban water systems. Water Sci Technol 2005; 52:43-51. [PMID: 16445172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The paper reports on the methodology and findings of a recent project on behalf of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management. The Ministry is seeking procedures for combining ecological and economic criteria to assess which technical urban water alternatives shall receive funding. To this end the current decision making process (DMP) for implementing urban water alternatives in Austria has been analyzed and compared with the situation elsewhere, e.g. in Sweden. The DMP entails specific requirements on assessment, whence the most common decision aid methodologies, ranging from LCA-based to multi-criteria methods, have been described and evaluated from an environmental, economic, legal and practical point of view, turning out recommendations to the Ministry. Their main points are: First the DMP should be kept as simple as possible in order to make it transparent. Second the aggregation of different criteria groups should and can be avoided. Therefore the stakeholders should not be allowed to make trade-offs. Finally clear objectives need to be stated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Starkl
- Department of Water, Atmosphere and Climate, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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31
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Zbinden S, Brunner N, Wustmann K, Billinger M, Meier B, Seiler C. Effect of statin treatment on coronary collateral flow in patients with coronary artery disease. Heart 2004; 90:448-9. [PMID: 15020529 PMCID: PMC1768172 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2003.017871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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32
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Holten-Andersen MN, Brunner N, Christensen IJ, Jensen V, Nielsen HJ. Levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 in blood transfusion components. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2003; 62:223-30. [PMID: 12088341 DOI: 10.1080/003655102317475489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Blood transfusion during surgery for solid tumors may reduce patient survival because of various bioactive substances present in blood preparations. The anti-proteolytic protein tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) present in large quantities in platelets has been shown to stimulate cell growth and to inhibit apoptosis and may therefore be considered to influence tumor progression. We measured TIMP-1 levels in blood transfusion preparations. especially in platelet-containing preparations, before and after leucofiltration and at different time-points during storage. The mean TIMP-1 levels in whole blood (WB) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) were slightly reduced by leucofiltration; WB: 41.6 microg/L versus 34.9 microg/L. PRP: 139.8 microg/L versus 127.2 microg/L. However, with prestorage leucofiltration. TIMP-1 levels in buffy-coat-derived platelet (BCP) pools were significantly reduced from 134.2 microg/L to 102.2 microg/L (p=0.0013). In saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAG-M) blood preparations in which the platelet content is reduced by more than 99%,. TIMP-1 could not be detected. Extracellular TIMP-1 accumulated significantly in non-filtered WB and in aferesis platelet concentrates (APC), but TIMP-1 was at no time detectable in SAG-M blood during storage. In conclusion. TIMP-1 is present in various platelet-containing blood preparations, but not in platelet-free preparations such as SAG-M, indicating that most of the TIMP-1 measured in blood preparations originates from platelets. Furthermore, TIMP-1 levels increased during storage in preparations containing platelets. which suggests a continuous disintegration of platelets. These data imply that information on preoperative blood transfusions should be taken into account when evaluating plasma TIMP-1 levels in patients.
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33
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Matussek K, Moritz P, Brunner N, Eckerskorn C, Hensel R. Cloning, sequencing, and expression of the gene encoding cyclic 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate synthetase, the key enzyme of cyclic 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate metabolism in Methanothermus fervidus. J Bacteriol 1998; 180:5997-6004. [PMID: 9811660 PMCID: PMC107676 DOI: 10.1128/jb.180.22.5997-6004.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate synthetase (cDPGS) catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (cDPG) by formation of an intramolecular phosphoanhydride bond in 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. cDPG is known to be accumulated to high intracellular concentrations (>300 mM) as a putative thermoadapter in some hyperthermophilic methanogens. For the first time, we have purified active cDPGS from a methanogen, the hyperthermophilic archaeon Methanothermus fervidus, sequenced the coding gene, and expressed it in Escherichia coli. cDPGS purification resulted in enzyme preparations containing two isoforms differing in their electrophoretic mobility under denaturing conditions. Since both polypeptides showed the same N-terminal amino acid sequence and Southern analyses indicate the presence of only one gene coding for cDPGS in M. fervidus, the two polypeptides originate from the same gene but differ by a not yet identified modification. The native cDPGS represents a dimer with an apparent molecular mass of 112 kDa and catalyzes the reversible formation of the intramolecular phosphoanhydride bond at the expense of ATP. The enzyme shows a clear preference for the synthetic reaction: the substrate affinity and the Vmax of the synthetic reaction are a factor of 8 to 10 higher than the corresponding values for the reverse reaction. Comparison with the kinetic properties of the electrophoretically homogeneous, apparently unmodified recombinant enzyme from E. coli revealed a twofold-higher Vmax of the enzyme from M. fervidus in the synthesizing direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Matussek
- FB 9 Mikrobiologie, Universität GH Essen, D-45117 Essen, Germany
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34
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Bajou K, Noël A, Gerard RD, Masson V, Brunner N, Holst-Hansen C, Skobe M, Fusenig NE, Carmeliet P, Collen D, Foidart JM. Absence of host plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 prevents cancer invasion and vascularization. Nat Med 1998; 4:923-8. [PMID: 9701244 DOI: 10.1038/nm0898-923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acquisition of invasive/metastatic potential through protease expression is an essential event in tumor progression. High levels of components of the plasminogen activation system, including urokinase, but paradoxically also its inhibitor, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1), have been correlated with a poor prognosis for some cancers. We report here that deficient PAI1 expression in host mice prevented local invasion and tumor vascularization of transplanted malignant keratinocytes. When this PAI1 deficiency was circumvented by intravenous injection of a replication-defective adenoviral vector expressing human PAI1, invasion and associated angiogenesis were restored. This experimental evidence demonstrates that host-produced PAI is essential for cancer cell invasion and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bajou
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, University of Liège, Belgium
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35
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Brunner N, Spang-Thomsen M, Cullen K. The T61 human breast cancer xenograft: an experimental model of estrogen therapy of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1996; 39:87-92. [PMID: 8738608 DOI: 10.1007/bf01806080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy is one of the principal treatment modalities of breast cancer, both in an adjuvant setting and in advanced disease. The T61 breast cancer xenograft described here provides an experimental model of the effects of estrogen treatment at a molecular level. T61 is an estrogen receptor positive tumor which was originally derived from a T1N0M0 invasive ductal cancer and has been carried as a serially transplanted xenograft in nude mice. T61 is a hormone sensitive tumor whose growth is suppressed by both estrogen and tamoxifen, in contrast to other estrogen receptor positive tumors such as MCF-7 which are stimulated by estrogen. Molecular studies have demonstrated that T61 expresses easily detectable levels of mRNA for a number of peptide growth factors, including transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) and insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II), but not transforming growth factor beta-I (TGF-beta1). Of these, IGF-II is the only peptide whose expression is altered by endocrine therapy. Treatment of T61-bearing nude mice with physiologic doses of estrogen is accompanied by loss of IGF-II mRNA expression within 24 hours, and rapid regression of tumor. T61 tumor growth is also inhibited in animals treated with a monoclonal antibody which blocks binding of ligand to the IGF-I receptor, which mediates the mitogenic signal of bound IGF-II through autophosphorylation of its intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. These results demonstrate the utility of the T61 model in the study of the molecular mechanism of estrogen therapy in breast cancer, and suggest that in this system, modulation of a specific growth factor (IGF-II) by endocrine therapy can have profound effects on tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Brunner
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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36
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Clarke R, Skaar T, Baumann K, Leonessa F, James M, Lippman J, Thompson EW, Freter C, Brunner N. Hormonal carcinogenesis in breast cancer: cellular and molecular studies of malignant progression. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1994; 31:237-48. [PMID: 7881102 DOI: 10.1007/bf00666157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We have established and characterized a series of variant cell lines in which to identify the critical factors associated with E2-induced malignant progression, and the acquisition to tamoxifen resistance in human breast cancer. Sublines of the hormone-dependent MCF-7 cell line (MCF7/MIII and MCF7/LCC1) form stable, invasive, estrogen independent tumors in the mammary fat pads of ovariectomized athymic nude mice. These cells retain expression of both estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PGR), but retain sensitivity to each of the major structural classes of antiestrogens. The tamoxifen-resistant MCF7/LCC2 cells retain sensitivity to the inhibitory effects of the steroidal antiestrogen ICI 182780. By comparing the parental hormone-dependent and variant hormone-independent cells, we have demonstrated an altered expression of some estrogen regulated genes (PGR, pS2, cathepsin D) in the hormone-independent variants. Other genes remain normally estrogen regulated (ER, laminin receptor, EGF-receptor). These data strongly implicate the altered regulation of a specific subset or network of estrogen regulated genes in the malignant progression of human breast cancer. Some of the primary response genes in this network may exhibit dose-response and induction kinetics similar to pS2, which is constitutively upregulated in the MCF7/MIII, MCF7/LCC1 and MCF7/LCC2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Clarke
- Vincent T. Lombardi Cancer Research Center, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20007
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37
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Danø K, Behrendt N, Brunner N, Ellis V, Ploug M, Pyke C. The urokinase receptor. Protein structure and role in plasminogen activation and cancer invasion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0268-9499(94)90717-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Fox S, Stuart N, Smith K, Brunner N, Harris A. High levels of uPA and PA1 are associated with highly angiogenic breast carcinomas. Breast 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0960-9776(93)90148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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39
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Herzlich BC, Schiano TD, Brunner N. Clinical problem-solving: trapped by an incidental finding. N Engl J Med 1992; 326:1432; author reply 1433. [PMID: 1569989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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40
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Brunner N, Yawalkar S. A double-blind, multicenter, parallel-group trial with 0.05% halobetasol propionate ointment versus 0.1% diflucortolone valerate ointment in patients with severe, chronic atopic dermatitis or lichen simplex chronicus. J Am Acad Dermatol 1991; 25:1160-3. [PMID: 1757609 DOI: 10.1016/0190-9622(91)70317-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In a double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter, comparative trial in 120 evaluable patients with chronic, localized atopic dermatitis or lichen simplex chronicus, the success rate (described as "healed" and "marked improvement") was 91.5% in patients treated with halobetasol propionate ointment and 83.6% in those in the diflucortolone valerate treatment group. Of patients treated with halobetasol propionate ointment, 40.7% reported healing within 17 days, whereas of those in the diflucortolone valerate treatment group, 32.8% reported healing within that time. Early onset of therapeutic effect, that is, within 3 days of the start of treatment, was reported in a higher percentage of patients treated with halobetasol propionate ointment than in those treated with diflucortolone valerate ointment (70% versus 59%). Adverse effects at the site of application were less frequently reported in patients belonging to the halobetasol propionate treatment group than in those treated with diflucortolone valerate ointment (3% versus 8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Brunner
- Ciba-Geigy Limited, Basel, Switzerland
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41
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Cullen KJ, Yee D, Bates SE, Brunner N, Clarke R, Dickson RE, Huff KK, Paik S, Rosen N, Valverius E. Regulation of human breast cancer by secreted growth factors. Acta Oncol 1989; 28:835-9. [PMID: 2692646 DOI: 10.3109/02841868909092318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory evidence is presented that estrogens are able to induce the production of numerous growth factors which can act in an autocrine or paracrine fashion in estrogen dependent breast cancer. Estrogen independent tumors can produce these same growth factors constitutively and so escape the need for estrogen stimulation. Growth inhibitory factors such as TGF-beta can also be controlled by estrogens and antiestrogens. It is unclear at present, however, how much of the cytostatic effect of antiestrogens in vivo is explained by the production of growth inhibitors. The overall control of breast cancer growth is mediated by the combined effects of these growth stimulatory and inhibitory factors in both breast stroma and epithelium. Interruption of the action of growth factors and the use of growth inhibitors may provide opportunities for new approaches to the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Cullen
- Medical Breast Cancer Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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Thompson EW, Martin MB, Saceda M, Clarke R, Brunner N, Lippman ME, Dickson RB. Regulation of breast cancer cells by hormones and growth factors: effects on proliferation and basement membrane invasiveness. Horm Res 1989; 32 Suppl 1:242-9. [PMID: 2693328 DOI: 10.1159/000181356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The current understanding of the regulation of breast cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness by hormones and growth factors is reviewed. It has been shown that polypeptide growth factors are involved in hormone-independent breast cancer, and are sometimes oestrogen-regulated in hormone-responsive models. Basement-membrane invasiveness, relating to the metastatic potential of these cells, is also stimulated by oestrogen in hormone-dependent models, elevated in hormone-independent models, and is growth factor sensitive. Further understanding of the differential effects of growth factors on breast cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness should facilitate better therapeutic exploitation of regulation at this level.
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Affiliation(s)
- E W Thompson
- Vincent T Lombardi Cancer Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
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Abstract
An unusual incidence of urinary incontinence was observed in patients with myasthenia gravis who required transurethral resection of the prostate for relief of obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy. This urinary incontinence was not observed in patients who had open prostatectomies (suprapubic and retropubic). The urinary incontinence did not appear to be related to the control of the underlying muscular disorder. It is suggested that the external sphincter in patients with myasthenia gravis may be more vulnerable to thermal changes that occur when a blended current is used during transurethral resection. If prostatectomy is required in a patient with myasthenia gravis, open surgery should be the procedure of choice. If a TURP is used, then a high frequency current is advised with prudent resection in the area of the prostatic apex.
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Meyer HA, Brunner N. [Practical guidelines for small European children traveling to and living in tropical countries (author's transl)]. Ther Umsch 1979; 36:216-9. [PMID: 441978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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45
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Peiffer J, Brunner N, Landolt RF, Müller G, Schlote W. [Generalized infantile neuroaxonal dystrophies with pigmentation and lipophanerosis of the pallidum in concordant twins (author's transl)]. Neuropediatrics 1976; 7:327-50. [PMID: 183173 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1091634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Monozygotic male twins died at the age of 6 1/2 and 7 1/2 years respectively after a progressive course of mental deterioration, hypotonia, spasticity, optic atrophy and seizures that had commenced at the age of 2 years. Both patients showed generalized neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD), marked by numerous spheroids, iron-positive pigment and lipophanerosis of the pallidum. NAD can be classified as a generalized form without pigmentation of the pallidum (infantile type of Seitelberger), a juvenile type of Rozdilsky, a generalized form with pigmentation (cases described here), and localized forms (infantile, late infantile, juvenile = classic Hallervorden-Spatz disease, adult types).
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46
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Brunner N. [A new possibility of drug treatment of leg diseases]. Z Haut Geschlechtskr 1970; 45:85-90. [PMID: 5420448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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