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Mustapa MA, Yuzir A, Latif AA, Ambran S, Abdullah N. A nucleic acid-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering of gold nanorods in N-gene integrated principal component analysis for COVID-19 detection. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 311:123977. [PMID: 38310743 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
A rapid, simple, sensitive, and selective point-of-care diagnosis tool kit is vital for detecting the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) based on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain. Currently, the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the best technique to detect the disease. Although a good sensitivity has been observed in RT-PCR, the isolation and screening process for high sample volume is limited due to the time-consuming and laborious work. This study introduced a nucleic acid-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor to detect the nucleocapsid gene (N-gene) of SARS-CoV-2. The Raman scattering signal was amplified using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) possessing a rod-like morphology to improve the SERS effect, which was approximately 12-15 nm in diameter and 40-50 nm in length. These nanoparticles were functionalised with the single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) complemented with the N-gene. Furthermore, the study demonstrates method selectivity by strategically testing the same virus genome at different locations. This focused approach showcases the method's capability to discern specific genetic variations, ensuring accuracy in viral detection. A multivariate statistical analysis technique was then applied to analyse the raw SERS spectra data using the principal component analysis (PCA). An acceptable variance amount was demonstrated by the overall variance (82.4 %) for PC1 and PC2, which exceeded the desired value of 80 %. These results successfully revealed the hidden information in the raw SERS spectra data. The outcome suggested a more significant thymine base detection than other nitrogenous bases at wavenumbers 613, 779, 1219, 1345, and 1382 cm-1. Adenine was also less observed at 734 cm-1, and ssDNA-RNA hybridisations were presented in the ketone with amino base SERS bands in 1746, 1815, 1871, and 1971 cm-1 of the fingerprint. Overall, the N-gene could be detected as low as 0.1 nM within 10 mins of incubation time. This approach could be developed as an alternative point-of-care diagnosis tool kit to detect and monitor the COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Mustapa
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Yuzir
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - A A Latif
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sumiaty Ambran
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering (ESE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ang XY, Roslan NS, Ahmad N, Yusof SM, Abdullah N, Nik Ab Rahman NN, Woon JJ, Teh CSJ, Todorov SD, Liu G, Liong MT. Lactobacillus probiotics restore vaginal and gut microbiota of pregnant women with vaginal candidiasis. Benef Microbes 2023; 14:421-431. [PMID: 38350486 DOI: 10.1163/18762891-20220103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The development of probiotics has now included the areas along the gut-vaginal axis. We thus aimed to investigate the effects of lactobacilli probiotic to modulate and restore vaginal and gut microbiota of pregnant women with vaginal candidiasis (VC). A randomised, double-blind and placebo-controlled study was performed in 78 pregnant women with VC. Patients were randomised to either the probiotic (SynForU-HerCare) or placebo which were administered at baseline and continued for 8-weeks (two capsules/day of 9.5 log cfu/capsule). Microbiota profiles were assessed at time points of weeks-0, 4 and 8 for high vaginal swab and faecal samples. Shannon diversity index showed that after 8-weeks amid VC, a shift in microbial community compositional changes occurred in the high vaginal region at both genus (P=0.025) and species (P=0.044) levels, where the administration of probiotic prevented such a shift. These changes were mainly attributed to a decreased in abundance of Lactobacillus (P=0.042) accompanied by increased abundance of Prevotella (P=0.002) and Atopobium (P=0.002) in the placebo group while the probiotic group remained unchanged over time. The administration of probiotics also prevented a reduced abundance of faecal phylum Firmicutes after 8-weeks as seen in the placebo group (P<0.0001), which also showed reduction at subsequent taxonomic levels of class, family, genera and species. VC has not only altered the microbiota of vagina regions but also gut microbiota profiles, causing lessening of gut microbiota that are crucial for gut nutrient availability, protection and immunity. The administration of lactobacilli probiotics has prevented such a shift, leading to better modulated gut and vaginal microenvironment amid VC. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: identifier number NCT03940612.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-Y Ang
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - N S Roslan
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kelantan, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Health Campus, 16150 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N Ahmad
- Kota Bharu Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 15200 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - S Mo Yusof
- Kubang Kerian Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 16150 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- Pengkalan Chepa Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 16100 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N N Nik Ab Rahman
- Wakaf Che Yeh Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 15100 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - J-J Woon
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C S-J Teh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S D Todorov
- ProBacLab, Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - G Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China P.R
- CAS-TWAS Centre of Excellence for Biotechnology, Beijing 100101, China P.R
| | - M-T Liong
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
- Renewable Biomass Transformation Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
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Kathirvalu G, Chandramathi S, S A A, Atiya N, Begum S, Christophe W, Sulaiman M, Abdullah N, Mani RR, Jindal HM, Zulkipli M. Antibacterial and antibiotic potentiating capabilities of extracts isolated from Burkillanthus malaccensis, Diospyros hasseltii and Cleisthanthus bracteosus against human pathogenic bacteria. Trop Biomed 2023; 40:152-159. [PMID: 37650400 DOI: 10.47665/tb.40.2.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics which once a boon in medicine and saved millions of lives are now facing an ever-growing menace of antibacterial resistance, which desperately needs new antibacterial drugs which are innovative in chemistry and mode of action. For many years, the world has turned to natural plants with antibacterial properties to combat antibiotic resistance. On that basis, we aimed to identify plants with antibacterial and antibiotic potentiating properties. Seventeen different extracts of 3 plants namely Burkillanthus malaccensis, Diospyros hasseltii and Cleisthanthus bracteosus were tested against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Antibacterial activity of hexane, methanol and chloroform extracts of bark, seed, fruit, flesh and leaves from these plants were tested using, disk diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. Antibiotic potentiating capabilities were tested using time-kill assay. B. malaccensis fruit chloroform extract showed the biggest zone of inhibition against MRSA (13.00±0.0 mm) but C. bracteosus bark methanol extract showed the biggest inhibition zone against MSSA (15.33±0.6 mm). Interestingly, bark methanol extract of C. bracteosus was active against MRSA (8.7±0.6 mm), MSSA (7.7±0.6 mm) (Gram-positive) and A. baumannii (7.7±0.6 mm) (Gram-negative). Overall, the leaf methanol and bark methanol extract of C. bracteosus warrants further investigation such as compound isolation and mechanism of action for validating its therapeutic use as antibiotic potentiator importantly against MRSA and A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kathirvalu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Chandramathi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azahar S A
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Atiya
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Begum
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W Christophe
- Institute of Tropical Biology and Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - M Sulaiman
- Chemistry Faculty, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- Natural Product Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor
| | - R R Mani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H M Jindal
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida, United States
| | - M Zulkipli
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor
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Fadzil MSA, Ung NM, Dolah MT, Abdullah N, Tamchek N, Noor NM. Quantitative uncertainty analysis in the calibration coefficients of GeDCOF and TLD-100 for absorbed dose measurement to water in megavoltage photon beams. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2022.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Qatrun Nada D, Masniza ML, Abdullah N, Marlini M, Elias MH, Pathmanathan SG, Hayati AR, Fadlul Azim F, Hamid AA, Nur Fariha MM. Distinct microRNA expression pattern in breast cancer cells following anti-neoplastic treatment: A systematic review and functional analysis of microRNA target genes. Malays J Pathol 2022; 44:367-385. [PMID: 36591707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a significant cause of mortality in females worldwide, despite advances in technology and treatment. MicroRNA expression in breast cancer is studied both as potential biomarkers and for therapeutic purposes. Accumulated evidence revealed microRNA profile of various types of cancer cells following antineoplastic treatment. The progression of research in this area provides better understanding on the anti-cancer mechanism of various natural compounds and drugs specifically on the microRNA regulation. Hence, we aim to systematically review differentially expressed microRNA in MCF-7, a commonly studied breast cancer cell line, after treatment with anti-neoplastic agents. Relevant keywords were used to screen for research articles that reported on the differentially expressed microRNAs in experimental models of MCF-7 before and after anti-neoplastic treatment. Target genes of microRNAs were identified from MiRTarbase and further in silico functional analysis of the target genes were performed using DAVID bioinformatic resources. Two upregulated microRNAs (mir-200c and let-7d) and 3 downregulated microRNAs (mir-27a, mir-27b and mir-203) were identified by highest number of studies. Three microRNAs (let-7a, mir-23a and mir-7) showed inconsistent direction of expression. Genes functional analysis revealed the regulatory effect of microRNA on genes related to angiogenesis, hypoxia, P53, FoxO and PI3K-AKT signalling. Clusters of genes associated to the pathway of angiogenesis, cancers, cell proliferation and apoptosis were noted through protein-protein interaction analysis. MicroRNAs, especially the mir-200c, let-7d, mir-27a, mir-27b and mir-203 from this review could be further validated experimentally to serve as molecular target or biomarkers for anti-neoplastic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Qatrun Nada
- Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences I, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - M L Masniza
- Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences I, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences II, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - M Marlini
- Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences I, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - M H Elias
- Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences I, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - S G Pathmanathan
- Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences II, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - A R Hayati
- Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences II, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - F Fadlul Azim
- Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences II, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - A A Hamid
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M M Nur Fariha
- Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences I, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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Pauzi A, Muhammad N, Abdullah N, Kamal N. Current authentication methods of herbs and herbal products: a systematic
review. Food Res 2022. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.6(4).468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The authentication of herbal species is of great concern for the quality control of herbal
products. Hence, many authentication methods have been developed for the accurate
identification of herbal species. This systematic review aimed to gather information and
provide evidence about the current authentication methods for several herbs and herbal
products. In this study, the methodological quality was also evaluated using the Preferred
Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement
checklist method. As a result, a total of seventeen articles were found to suit the inclusion
criteria of this study, which include molecular-based analysis, chemical fingerprinting, as
well as macroscopic and analogical analysis. All of these methods have different
approaches to the authentication of herbal-related products, and it also depends on the
specific needs. This review also asserts that the combination methods might be a useful
alternative for authentication purposes that produce better results. The multivariate
analysis combined with analytical methods could be a great combination due to its great
performance in authentication and suitability for routine screening.
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Harfouch RM, Alkhaier Z, Ismail S, Youssef A, Alhasan AA, Bouali F, Shaaban R, Abdullah N, Al-Shehabi Z, Elshimali Y. Epidemiology and risk factors of colorectal cancer in Syria: a single-center retrospective study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:4654-4658. [PMID: 35856355 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202207_29187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer represents the third most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Many factors contribute to the risk of developing colorectal carcinoma including diet, lifestyle, age, and genetic abnormalities. Recent findings have shown a considerable increase in the incidence rate of CRC in developing countries. However, there is little information regarding its incidence in the Middle East countries, including Syria. With our manuscript we aimed at presenting the first large epidemiological study regarding colorectal carcinoma incidence in Syria. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study on colorectal carcinoma cases at our institution from 2014 to 2018. The data include the cases that were diagnosed and recorded based on multiple parameters including gender, age, year of diagnosis, city of origin, and profession. RESULTS The number of colorectal cancer cases was 1,117 out of 13,589 cases of all malignant tumors recorded from 2014 to 2018, with an annual average incidence of 8.2%. There was a statistically significant difference in CRC cases according to age and gender. We also found a statistically significant difference according to physical activity and occupation. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that risk factors related to colorectal cancer incidence in Syria mainly include male sex, age over 50 years old, and occupation with no physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Harfouch
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Sham Private University (ASPU), Latakia, Syria.
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Abd Talib AKA, Shaharir SS, Abdul Murad NA, Abdullah N, Azizan EA, Abdul Gafor AH, Mustafar R, Mohamed Said MS, Rajalingham S, Jamal ARA, Abdul Latiff Z. POS0394 VALIDATION OF THE SLE SUSCEPTIBLE GENE LOCI IN THE MULTI-ETHNIC MALAYSIAN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE) COHORT AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH CLINICAL MANIFESTATION. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundSystemic Lupus erythematous (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Asian patients including Malaysia tend to have more severe disease with renal involvement. The differences could be due to the interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Thus, identifying the genetic associations from diverse populations provides a better understanding on the genetic architecture of this heterogeneous disease.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to validate the previously described SLE susceptibility gene loci among other population in the multi-ethnic Malaysian SLE patients. The secondary objective was to determine the association between the gene loci with organ-specific involvement across different Malaysian ethnicities.MethodsThis was a case-control study involving the recruitment of SLE patients who attended the outpatient clinic in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) from July 2019 until March 2021. Their medical records were reviewed to record the socio-demographic characteristics and SLE clinical manifestations. The SLE susceptible gene loci from the NHGRI-EBI Catalog of human genome-wide association studies were reviewed. The gene loci with p values less than 5x10-8 tested in a total sample size of at least 1000 individuals were included in the genotyping study in our SLE patients. Healthy controls with frequency matching by gender and ethnicity-matched were also recruited in this study. Their peripheral blood samples were genotyped using the Agena MassARRAY system (Agena Bioscience). The genotype frequencies of susceptibility loci in all patients and controls were tested for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Associations between phenotype and genotype were performed by logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 202 SLE patients and 206 healthy controls were recruited. The SLE cohort consisted of predominant Malay ethnicity (n=126,62.6%) followed by Malaysian Chinese (n=69, 34.2%) and Indian (n=7, 3.5%). After quality control and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test, a total of 27 candidate SNPs were genotyped in our study population. Meta-analysis revealed 5 gene loci at SNP rs4544377 (RNU6-546P), rs4917014 (IKZF1), rs1878186 (SLC12A1), rs4728142 (IRF5) and rs5029937 (TNFAIP3) were associated with SLE in Malaysian population (all p value <0.05). In Malay group, rs4544377 (RNU6-546P) and rs4728142 (IRF5) were found to be associated with SLE with adjusted OR 0.42 (95% CI: 0.24-0.74), p=0.002 and OR 3.08 (95% CI: 1.71-5.54), p=0.000169, respectively. In Malaysian Chinese group, rs4917014 (IKZF1) was found to be associated with SLE with OR 0.45 (95% CI: 0.23-0.86), p=0.016. Among Malay patients, rs1878186 (SLC12A1) was found to be associated with skin rash with OR 2.01 (95% CI: 1.20-3.35), p=0.008 while rs4544377 (RNU6-546P) and rs4917014 (IKZF1) were associated with lupus nephritis, with OR 0.48 (95% CI: 0.24-0.96), p=0.039 and OR 3.29 (95% CI: 1.18-9.20), p=0.023. In Malaysian Chinese patients, rs4544377 (RNU6-546P) was associated with muco-cutaneous manifestation with OR 2.82 (95% CI: 1.15-6.92), p=0.023 while rs4728142 (IRF5) was associated with haematological manifestation with OR 5.61 (95% CI: 1.69-18.60), p=0.005.ConclusionOur exploratory study demonstrates the associations of the established SLE genes in Malaysian SLE populations. There are variations in the SLE susceptible gene loci with clinical manifestations of SLE between Malay and Malaysian Chinese populations.References[1]J. E. Molineros, K. H. Chua, C. Sun, L. H. Lian, P. Motghare, X. Kim-Howard, et al. Evaluation of SLE Susceptibility Genes in Malaysians. Autoimmune Diseases 2014 Vol. 2014 Pages 305436AcknowledgementsThis study received funding from the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) of the Ministry of Education, Malaysia (FRGS/1/2018/SKK02/UKM/03/1)Disclosure of InterestsNone declared.
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Abdullah N, Bradley D, Nisbet A, Kamarul Zaman Z, Deraman S, Mohd Noor N. Dosimetric characteristics of fabricated germanium doped optical fibres for a postal audit of therapy electron beams. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Rusdi R, Halim N, Nurazzi N, Abidin Z, Abdullah N, Ros F, Ahmad N, Azmi A. The Effect of Layering Structures on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Hybrid Bacterial Cellulose/Kevlar Reinforced Epoxy Composites. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09442. [PMID: 35677420 PMCID: PMC9168520 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of layering structures on mechanical and thermal hybrid bacterial cellulose (BC) sheet/Kevlar reinforced epoxy composites was investigated. The BC sheet was extracted from Nata de Coco and used as green reinforcement material hybrid with Kevlar reinforced epoxy composites. The BC/Kevlar reinforced epoxy composite was fabricated by using hand lay-up technique equipped with vacuum bagging system and the BC sheets and Kevlar layers were laminated into different layered structures. The performance of the hybrid BC/Kevlar reinforced epoxy composites was characterized through tensile test and low velocity impact according to ASTM D3039 and ASTM D7136, respectively. The thermal performance of the hybrid composites was characterized by using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) test. Tensile test on BC sheet composites with Kevlar and epoxy demonstrated that the addition of BC sheet in BC/Kevlar could not withstand the tensor stress by reducing the tensile stress and Young's modulus. The one layer of Kevlar which was replaced with three to six BC sheets had increased the ability to absorb impact force. The storage modulus (E′) and Tan δ were significantly dependent on the number of BC sheets and its layering structure. The highest value of E′ was observed when BC sheets were arranged alternately with the Kevlar layers. Different damage mechanisms associated with the number of BC sheets and its layered-structure suggested that the BC sheet was functioning as an impact energy absorber as well as strengthening fibers. This study will upsurge interest in BC reinforced composites and the development of new ideas in automotive, marine and bullet applications.
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Fadzil M, Noor N, Tamchek N, Ung N, Abdullah N, Dolah M, Bradley D. A cross-validation study of Ge-doped silica optical fibres and TLD-100 systems for high energy photon dosimetry audit under non-reference conditions. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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SarmastSh M, George S, Dayang Radiah C, Hoey D, Abdullah N, Kamarudin S. Synthesis of bioactive glass using cellulose nano fibre template. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 130:105174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abdullah N, Defaye M, Hassan A, Cumenal M, Iftinca M, Young D, Ohland CL, Dufour A, McCoy K, Altier C. A230 THE ROLE OF THE MICROBIOTA IN NOCICEPTOR DEVELOPMENT AND PAIN SENSITIVITY. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2022. [PMCID: PMC8859168 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab049.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pain is the most common cause of disability in IBD. What causes inter-individual variability in chronic pain after successful treatment of inflammation remains elusive. We have shown that activation of TRPV1+ colonic nociceptors is essential for the establishment of persistent pain in DSS colitis. Nociceptor development coincides with microbial colonization, while early life dysbiosis can lead to visceral hypersensitivity in adulthood. Whether the microbiota dictates nociceptor development and pain susceptibility remains unknown. Here we test the hypothesis that the microbiota programs nociceptor specification during early development, rendering them more susceptible to sensitization later in life. We have identified the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) that senses bacterial-derived metabolites as a candidate target that orchestrates transcriptional regulation in nociceptors. Aims We investigated the developmental regulation of nociceptors by the microbiome and how it influences pain sensitivity. We will determine the effects of AHR activation on nociceptor lineage and function as well as the long term impact of AHR signaling on pain sensitivity. Methods We have developed a germ-free (GF) TRPV1-GFP reporter mouse that was used to phenotype and visualise TRPV1+ nociceptors in the absence of a microbiota. We will isolate TRPV1+ neurons by FACS to identify genes that are under the control of the microbiota and to characterise the phosphoproteome of TRPV1+ nociceptors in GF conditions. Finally, we will investigate the role of AHR signaling in nociceptors both acutely and during development. Results We showed a reduction in thermal pain threshold and a reduction in capsaicin test responses in GF mice. The number and size of DRG neurons was unchanged in GF mice. Examination of molecular markers for peptidergic (CGRP) and non-peptidergic (IB4) neurons did not show a difference. Finally, there was no difference in the expression of TRPV1, suggesting post-translational modification of the channel. In cultured DRG neurons, we found a decrease in capsaicin induced action potentials and a decrease in the amplitude of the capsaicin response in GF mice. Using RNAscope, we showed that TRPV1+ neurons express AHR. Conclusions Our results highlight the importance of bacterial composition in regulating the development of nociceptors and pain sensitivity in adulthood. Furthermore, we are the first to demonstrate the expression of AHR in sensory neurons. These findings point to a role of the microbiota in programming nociceptors during development. My work will advance our understanding of the role of commensal bacteria in regulating pain and could lead to recommendations for the treatment of neonates in early life to reduce their risk of developing chronic pain later in life. Funding Agencies CAG, CIHR
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Affiliation(s)
- N Abdullah
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Defaye
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Hassan
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Cumenal
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Iftinca
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - D Young
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C L Ohland
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Dufour
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - K McCoy
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C Altier
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Defaye M, Abdullah N, Iftinca M, Hassan A, Agosti F, Zhang Z, Cumenal M, Zamponi GW, Altier C. A52 GUT-INNERVATING TRPV1+ NEURONS DRIVE CHRONIC VISCERAL PAIN VIA MICROGLIAL P2Y12 RECEPTOR. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2022. [PMCID: PMC8859394 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab049.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-lasting changes in neural pain circuits precipitate the transition from acute to chronic pain in patients living with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). While significant improvement in IBD therapy has been made to reduce inflammation, a large subset of patients continues to suffer throughout quiescent phases of the disease. Peripheral and central mechanisms contribute to the transition from acute to chronic pain during active disease and clinical remission. Lower mechanical threshold and hyperexcitability of visceral afferents induce gliosis in central pain circuits, leading to persistent visceral hypersensitivity (VHS). In the spinal cord, microglia, the immune sentinels of the central nervous system, undergo activation in multiple models of VHS. Using the Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) model of colitis, we found that microglial G-CSF was able to sensitize colonic nociceptors that express the pain receptor TRPV1. While TRPV1+ nociceptors have been implicated in peripheral sensitization, their contribution to central sensitization via microglia remains unknown. Aims Here we investigated the mechanisms of microglia activation to identify centrally acting analgesics for chronic IBD pain. Methods Using Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADD) expressed in TRPV1-expressing visceral neurons that sense colonic inflammation, we tested whether neuronal activity was indispensable to control microglia activation and VHS. We then investigated the neuron-microglia signaling system involved in visceral pain chronification. Results We found that chemogenetic inhibition of TRPV1+ visceral afferents prevents microglial activation in the spinal cord and subsequent VHS in colitis mice. In contrast, chemogenetic activation, in the absence of colitis, enhanced microglial activation associated with VHS. We identified a purinergic signaling mechanism mediated by neuronal ATP and microglial P2RY12 receptor, triggering VHS in colitis. Inhibition of P2RY12 prevented microglial reactivity and chronic VHS post-colitis. Conclusions Overall, these data provide novel insights into the central mechanisms of chronic visceral pain and suggest that targeting microglial P2RY12 signaling could be harnessed to relieve pain in IBD patients who are in remission. Funding Agencies CCC
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Affiliation(s)
- M Defaye
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N Abdullah
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Iftinca
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Hassan
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - F Agosti
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Z Zhang
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Cumenal
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - G W Zamponi
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C Altier
- Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Nurazzi NM, Sabaruddin FA, Harussani MM, Kamarudin SH, Rayung M, Asyraf MRM, Aisyah HA, Norrrahim MNF, Ilyas RA, Abdullah N, Zainudin ES, Sapuan SM, Khalina A. Mechanical Performance and Applications of CNTs Reinforced Polymer Composites-A Review. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2186. [PMID: 34578502 PMCID: PMC8472375 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Developments in the synthesis and scalable manufacturing of carbon nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely used in the polymer material industry over the last few decades, resulting in a series of fascinating multifunctional composites used in fields ranging from portable electronic devices, entertainment and sports to the military, aerospace, and automotive sectors. CNTs offer good thermal and electrical properties, as well as a low density and a high Young's modulus, making them suitable nanofillers for polymer composites. As mechanical reinforcements for structural applications CNTs are unique due to their nano-dimensions and size, as well as their incredible strength. Although a large number of studies have been conducted on these novel materials, there have only been a few reviews published on their mechanical performance in polymer composites. As a result, in this review we have covered some of the key application factors as well as the mechanical properties of CNTs-reinforced polymer composites. Finally, the potential uses of CNTs hybridised with polymer composites reinforced with natural fibres such as kenaf fibre, oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibre, bamboo fibre, and sugar palm fibre have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Nurazzi
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (F.A.S.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - F. A. Sabaruddin
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (F.A.S.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
| | - M. M. Harussani
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - S. H. Kamarudin
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia;
| | - M. Rayung
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - M. R. M. Asyraf
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - H. A. Aisyah
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (F.A.S.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - M. N. F. Norrrahim
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - R. A. Ilyas
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Malaysia
| | - N. Abdullah
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - E. S. Zainudin
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (F.A.S.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - S. M. Sapuan
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (F.A.S.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - A. Khalina
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (F.A.S.); (E.S.Z.); (S.M.S.)
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Nurazzi NM, Asyraf MRM, Fatimah Athiyah S, Shazleen SS, Rafiqah SA, Harussani MM, Kamarudin SH, Razman MR, Rahmah M, Zainudin ES, Ilyas RA, Aisyah HA, Norrrahim MNF, Abdullah N, Sapuan SM, Khalina A. A Review on Mechanical Performance of Hybrid Natural Fiber Polymer Composites for Structural Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2170. [PMID: 34209030 PMCID: PMC8271713 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of hybrid natural fiber polymer composites, there has been a recent surge in research and innovation for structural applications. To expand the strengths and applications of this category of materials, significant effort was put into improving their mechanical properties. Hybridization is a designed technique for fiber-reinforced composite materials that involves combining two or more fibers of different groups within a single matrix to manipulate the desired properties. They may be made from a mix of natural and synthetic fibers, synthetic and synthetic fibers, or natural fiber and carbonaceous materials. Owing to their diverse properties, hybrid natural fiber composite materials are manufactured from a variety of materials, including rubber, elastomer, metal, ceramics, glasses, and plants, which come in composite, sandwich laminate, lattice, and segmented shapes. Hybrid composites have a wide range of uses, including in aerospace interiors, naval, civil building, industrial, and sporting goods. This study intends to provide a summary of the factors that contribute to natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites' mechanical and structural failure as well as overview the details and developments that have been achieved with the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Nurazzi
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - M. R. M. Asyraf
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia;
| | - S. Fatimah Athiyah
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
| | - S. S. Shazleen
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
| | - S. Ayu Rafiqah
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
| | - M. M. Harussani
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
| | - S. H. Kamarudin
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia; (S.H.K.); (M.R.)
| | - M. R. Razman
- Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
| | - M. Rahmah
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia; (S.H.K.); (M.R.)
| | - E. S. Zainudin
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia
| | - R. A. Ilyas
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - H. A. Aisyah
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia
| | - M. N. F. Norrrahim
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - N. Abdullah
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - S. M. Sapuan
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
| | - A. Khalina
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.F.A.); (S.S.S.); (S.A.R.); (M.M.H.); (E.S.Z.)
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Nurazzi N, Abdullah N, Demon S, Halim N, Mohamad I. The Influence of Reaction Time on Non-Covalent Functionalisation of P3HT/MWCNT Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1916. [PMID: 34207577 PMCID: PMC8229165 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-covalent functionalisation of the carbon nanotube (CNT) sidewall through polymer wrapping is the key strategy for improving well-dispersed CNTs without persistent alteration of their electronic properties. In this work, the effect of reaction time on regioregular poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT)-wrapped hydroxylated multi-walled CNT (MWCNT-OH) nanocomposites was investigated. Five different reaction times (24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h) were conducted at room temperature in order to clearly determine the factors that influenced the quality of wrapped MWCNT-OH. Morphological analysis using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopic (FESEM) and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) analysis showed that P3HT successfully wrapped the MWCNT-OH sidewall, evidenced by the changes in the mean diameter size of the nanocomposites. Results obtained from Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) as well as Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) showed a significant effect of the wrapped polymer on the CNT sidewall as the reaction time increased. Overall, the method used during the preparation of P3HT-wrapped MWCNT-OH and the presented results significantly provided a bottom-up approach to determine the effect of different reaction times on polymer wrapping to further expand this material for novel applications, especially chemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.M. Nurazzi
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.Z.N.D.); (N.H.A.)
| | - N. Abdullah
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.Z.N.D.); (N.H.A.)
| | - S.Z.N. Demon
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.Z.N.D.); (N.H.A.)
| | - N.A. Halim
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.Z.N.D.); (N.H.A.)
| | - I.S. Mohamad
- Department of Diploma Studies, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia;
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Abdullah N, Altier C. A231 THE MICROBIOTA-NOCICEPTORS-MICROGLIA AXIS CONTROLS THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF CHRONIC VISCERAL HYPERSENSITIVITY. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab002.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pain is the most common cause of disability in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Current medical interventions control the debilitating clinical symptoms by reducing gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation. Despite successful treatment of active disease, abdominal pain persists during remission, suggesting a high level of plasticity in pain-sensing circuits (hyperalgesic priming) caused by inflammation. What drives this remodelling has remained elusive. We have identified microglia as active players of hyperalgesic priming in IBD. Furthermore, it was recently shown that commensal bacteria control the maturation of microglia in the CNS, suggesting that dysbiosis could influence visceral sensitivity through regulating colonic nociceptors-microglia interaction. Here we test the hypothesis that microbiome-nociceptors-microglia interactions control visceral sensitivity and pain in IBD.
Aims
We investigated the role of the microbiota in the developmental regulation of colonic nociceptors that express the pain receptor TRPV1. We will identify the microbial factors that control neuron-microglia interactions during bacterial colonization and post-inflammatory dysbiosis.
Methods
We have developed a germ-free TRPV1-GFP reporter mouse to be used for a combination of behavioural tests and phenotypic characterization of TRPV1+ nociceptors. RNA-sequencing of FACS isolated TRPV1+ neurons of germ-free mice will be used to identify genes that are under the control of the microbiota. We will restore discrepancies observed in germ-free mice by recolonization to assess the impact of the microbiota. Furthermore, we will investigate the regulation of Ahr in TRPV1+ neurons by the microbiota and the effect of its ligands on microglial activation and post-inflammatory visceral pain.
Results
Measuring somatic pain sensation in naive germ-free and SPF mice, we showed a 15% reduction in thermal pain threshold, as measured by the Hargreaves test, and a 50% reduction in mechanical pain threshold, as measured by the Von Frey test, in germ-free mice. When looking at the dorsal root ganglia of germ-free and SPF mice, we saw a 15% increase in the percentage of neurons that were TRPV1-GFP positive in germ-free mice.
Conclusions
Our results thus far highlight the importance of the microbiota in regulating the lineage of nociceptive neurons and the threshold of mechanical and thermal pain responses. These findings suggest a major contribution of the microbiota in shaping the neuro-immune axis, with major implications for visceral sensitization in the context of dysbiosis. My project will be looking further into the phenotype of nociceptors in germ-free mice and the effect of microbial-derived Ahr agonists on the maturation and function of colonic TRPV1+ nociceptors. My work will advance our understanding of mechanisms by which commensal bacteria regulate GI pain.
Funding Agencies
CIHR
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Affiliation(s)
- N Abdullah
- Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - C Altier
- Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Salbi N, Muhammad N, Abdullah N. Optimizing flavonoid-rich Quranic Mixed Food (QMF) formulation with simplex-centroid mixture design. Food Res 2021. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.5(2).470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quranic food, which defines as the food mentioned in the Holy Quran has gain attention
as a functional food to prevent disease in the current era. The food had high potential as an
excellent ingredient for the development of nutraceutical products. Flavonoid is one of the
phytochemicals in Quranic food that contribute to their therapeutic properties.
Unfortunately, there is less study on the health properties of Quranic food mixture that
lead to misunderstanding of the mixture of Quranic food. A paramount concern regarding
the addition of multiple bioactive ingredients into a product is the possibility of interaction
among elements may result in degradation of the ingredient, and the functionality could be
reduced or improved. Therefore, this study was aimed to optimize the flavonoid content of
Quranic Mixed Food (QMF) containing dates, raisins, pomegranates, figs, and honey.
Consequently, the special cubic model of simplex centroid design was employed as it was
the most reliable and can be utilized in the optimization process as the p-value was
significant, and the lack of fits was not substantial. The simplex centroid method had
successfully optimized the QMF formulation. To conclude, the optimized formulation of
flavonoid-rich QMF containing 42.88% raisins, 42.88% pomegranates, 13.97% honey,
0.17% dates, and 0.11% figs.
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Nurazzi NM, Asyraf MRM, Khalina A, Abdullah N, Aisyah HA, Rafiqah SA, Sabaruddin FA, Kamarudin SH, Norrrahim MNF, Ilyas RA, Sapuan SM. A Review on Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite for Bullet Proof and Ballistic Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:646. [PMID: 33671599 PMCID: PMC7926766 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though natural fiber reinforced polymer composites (NFRPCs) have been widely used in automotive and building industries, there is still a room to promote them to high-level structural applications such as primary structural component specifically for bullet proof and ballistic applications. The promising performance of Kevlar fabrics and aramid had widely implemented in numerous ballistic and bullet proof applications including for bullet proof helmets, vest, and other armor parts provides an acceptable range of protection to soldiers. However, disposal of used Kevlar products would affect the disruption of the ecosystem and pollutes the environment. Replacing the current Kevlar fabric and aramid in the protective equipment with natural fibers with enhanced kinetic energy absorption and dissipation has been significant effort to upgrade the ballistic performance of the composite structure with green and renewable resources. The vast availability, low cost and ease of manufacturing of natural fibers have grasped the attention of researchers around the globe in order to study them in heavy armory equipment and high durable products. The possibility in enhancement of natural fiber's mechanical properties has led the extension of research studies toward the application of NFRPCs for structural and ballistic applications. Hence, this article established a state-of-the-art review on the influence of utilizing various natural fibers as an alternative material to Kevlar fabric for armor structure system. The article also focuses on the effect of layering and sequencing of natural fiber fabric in the composites to advance the current armor structure system.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Nurazzi
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (S.A.R.); (F.A.S.); (S.M.S.)
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M. R. M. Asyraf
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A. Khalina
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (S.A.R.); (F.A.S.); (S.M.S.)
| | - N. Abdullah
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H. A. Aisyah
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (S.A.R.); (F.A.S.); (S.M.S.)
| | - S. Ayu Rafiqah
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (S.A.R.); (F.A.S.); (S.M.S.)
| | - F. A. Sabaruddin
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (S.A.R.); (F.A.S.); (S.M.S.)
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - S. H. Kamarudin
- School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - M. N. F. Norrrahim
- Research Center for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - R. A. Ilyas
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - S. M. Sapuan
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (H.A.A.); (S.A.R.); (F.A.S.); (S.M.S.)
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Tang HC, Sieo CC, Abdullah N, Chong CW, Omar AR, Mohamad R, Ho YW, Yong CY. Mitsuokella Jalaludinii Supplementation Improved Nutrient Utilization of Broilers Fed Low-Available Phosphorus Diet. Braz J Poult Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HC Tang
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Management and Science University, Malaysia
| | - CC Sieo
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | | | - AR Omar
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | | | - YW Ho
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - CY Yong
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
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Leecyous B, Bakhtiar F, Tang M, Yadzir Z, Abdullah N. Minimal agreement between basophil activation test and immunoassay in diagnosis of penicillin allergy. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2020; 48:626-632. [PMID: 32532468 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basophil activation test (BAT) and immunoassays are the most widely used in vitro tests to diagnose IgE-mediated allergic reactions to penicillin. However, studies to determine if one test is interdependent from another are limited. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to measure the agreement between BAT and immunoassay in diagnosis of penicillin allergy. METHOD BAT was performed using penicillin G (Pen G), penicillin V (Pen V), penicilloyl-polylysine (PPL), minor determinant mix (MDM), amoxicillin (Amx) and ampicillin (Amp) in 25 patients. Immunoassay of total IgE (tIgE) and specific IgE (sIgE) antibodies to Pen G, Pen V, Amx and Amp were quantified. Skin prick test (SPT) using PPL-MDM, Amx, Amp and Clavulanic acid were also performed. RESULTS Minimal agreement was observed between BAT and immunoassay (k=0.25). Of two BAT-positive patients, one patient is positive to Amx (59.27%, SI=59) and Amp (82.32%, SI=82) but sIgE-negative to all drug tested. This patient is also SPT-positive to both drugs. Another patient is BAT-positive to Pen G (10.18%, SI=40), Pen V (25.07%, SI=100) and Amp (19.52%, SI=79). In sIgE immunoassay, four patients were sIgE-positive to at least one of the drugs tested. The sIgE level of three patients was between low and moderate and they were BAT-negative. One BAT-positive patient had a high level of sIgE antibodies (3.50-17.5kU/L) along with relatively high specific to total IgE ratio ≥0.002 (0.004-0.007). CONCLUSIONS The agreement between BAT and immunoassay is minimal. Performing both tests provides little increase in the sensitivity of allergy diagnosis work-up for immediate reactions to penicillin.
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Rashidi W, Muhammad N, Abdullah N, Talip B, Bahrin N. The antioxidant properties and α-amylase inhibition activities of polyphyto mixture with honey formulations. Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.4(6).260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ficus carica, Orthosiphon stamineus, Ficus deltoidea and Trigona honey are known for
their high antioxidant amount. In this research, these plants and honey were used to study
their interactions in terms of the antioxidant properties and the inhibition of α-amylase
enzyme. These plants samples were chosen as they are usually used in traditional
medicine to treat diabetes. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to measure the
antioxidant activity as well as the α-amylase enzyme inhibition properties of the
polyphyto formulations and Trigona honey. Simplex Centroid Mixture Design (SCMD)
was used to design the formulations. In this experiment, the highest (p<0.05) antioxidant
content for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was a formulation of 100%
Trigona honey (90.09%). Meanwhile, a mixture of 50% F. carica – 50% O. stamineus and
50% O. stamineus – 50% Trigona honey yield the highest (p<0.05) total phenolic content
(TPC) value (133.77 and 133.17 μg/mL, respectively), which indicated a synergistic
interaction effect. However, for the measurement of ferric reduction antioxidant potential
(FRAP), the formulation of 100% O. stamineus and 100% F. deltoidea exhibits the
highest (p<0.05) value (148.95 and 148.78 μg/mL, respectively). In terms of enzyme
inhibition, F. deltoidea showed the highest inhibition activity for α-amylase (8.826%). In
conclusion, different percentages of F. carica, O. stamineus, F. deltoidea and Trigona
honey have different interaction effects on the antioxidant activity and α-amylase
inhibition depending on the amount of each factor.
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Rahim N, Muhammad N, Abdullah N, Talip B, Poh K. The interaction effect and optimal formulation of selected polyherbal extracts towards antioxidant activity. Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.4(6).281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Past study showed that lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), curry leaves (Murrya
koenigii), turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) contain
phytochemicals associated with antioxidant properties. However, all the herbs are tested
individually and rarely mix together. This study was conducted to examine the antioxidant
properties and interaction effect when combined. The plants studied were decocted with
distilled water. Eighteen formulations of aqueous extracts were established using simplex
lattice mixture design that was generated by Design Expert software. The antioxidant
properties were analyzed by 2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH),
ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total phenolic content (TPC) and total
flavonoid content (TFC) assays. The result showed that the mixture of lemongrass and
curry leaves extracts gave the highest reading in DPPH assay (91.14%), FRAP assay
(215.66 mM) and TFC (22.62 µg Rutin/mL). In the DPPH assay, the ratio of one to one
(1:1) mixture of lemongrass with other plants extracts showed antagonistic interaction.
There were five (5) formulations that showed synergistic interaction in all assays.
However, there were two (2) formulations that showed antagonistic interactions on both
DPPH and FRAP assays. No additive effect was observed in all formulations. The
suggested optimum formulation contains 53.7% lemongrass, 43.4% curry leaves, 2.9%
ginger and 0.0% turmeric. Most of the mixtures presented synergistic interactions. This
indicated the potential of plant extract mixtures to be developed into nutraceutical
products in the future by conducting in-vivo study.
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Makama AB, Salmiaton A, Choong TSY, Hamid MRA, Abdullah N, Saion E. Influence of parameters and radical scavengers on the visible-light-induced degradation of ciprofloxacin in ZnO/SnS 2 nanocomposite suspension: Identification of transformation products. Chemosphere 2020; 253:126689. [PMID: 32304862 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP) pollutant from wastewater using conventional process is particularly challenging due to poor removal efficiency. In this work, CIP was photocatalytically degraded using a porous ZnO/SnS2 photocatalyst prepared via microwaves. The influence of process parameters (e.g., pH, catalyst mass and initial CIP concentration) and radical scavengers on visible-light induced degradation of CIP on the catalyst was investigated. From the study, it was found that visible-light induced degradation of CIP on ZnO/SnS2 is a surface-mediated process and the reaction kinetics followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood first-order kinetics. It was found that the optimum condition for CIP degradation was at pH of 6.1 and catalyst dosage of 500 mg L-1. Higher catalyst dosage however led to a decline in reaction rate due to light scattering effect and reduction in light penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Makama
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, P.O. Box 01, 962101, Nigeria
| | - A Salmiaton
- Sustainable Process Engineering Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - T S Y Choong
- Sustainable Process Engineering Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - M R A Hamid
- Sustainable Process Engineering Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- Sustainable Process Engineering Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - E Saion
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Kamel R, Ragab A, Abdelghaffar H, Kaled A, Elfarouk Abdel Fattah A, Abdelaziz M, Hamdy Abdelhak B, Abdullah N, Al-Abri R, AlFalasi M, Alnawaiseh S, Aloulah M, Al-Reefy H, Al-Sihan M, Alzubiadi A, Baban M, Bofares K, Dandachli M, El-Sharnouby M, Elsherif H, Ghannoum T, Ghita A, Ghonim M, Hadi U, Hassab M, Sahtout Jouini S, Soliman Z, Youssef M. Safe practice guidance: a review for otorhinolaryngologists during COVID-19 pandemic and after reopen process. RHINOL 2020. [DOI: 10.4193/rhinol/20.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19’s rapid sweep across the world has caused an extraordinary disruption to the otorhinolaryngology (ORL) profession and its subspecialties including the rhinology section. The present pandemic forced our specialty practitioners to make quick clinical and practice management decisions. Staff safety must receive the highest prioritization along with strategies to provide the highest quality care. The purpose of the present manuscript is to provide a narrative review of the current knowledge and committee practices regarding ORL (including rhinology) professionals' safe practice during COVID-19 pandemic and after reopen process. The present review findings will allow the clinical practitioners to understand the factors involved in reducing the risk of transmission of COVID-19 in the ORL and rhinology settings, personal protective equipment (PPE) for different ORL and rhinology practices and criteria of practice in outpatient clinic (OPC), emergency operations and ORL surgeries. The emerging evidence based on COVID-19 is rapidly changing. Further updates may be needed to this review as new details or evidence emerge. ORL including rhinology doctors should consider the specific conditions of each individual place of work and comply with all applicable legislations.
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Ahmad NS, Abdullah N, Yasin FM. Toxicity assessment of reduced graphene oxide and titanium dioxide nanomaterials on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria under normal laboratory lighting condition. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:693-699. [PMID: 32528857 PMCID: PMC7283152 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial growth curve deviates from its normal pattern after the exposure to nanoparticles. Cell wall structure of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria played the major factor contribute to its toxicity effect towards nanoparticles exposure. Smaller particle had greater impact on the bacterial growth. E. coli and B. subtilis cells suffered from morphological changes upon nanoparticles exposure.
Toxicity effect of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials (NMs) on Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria was assessed. For both strains, study demonstrated that the toxicity was time and concentration dependent which led to reduction in growth rate and cell death. Upon NMs exposure, an instantaneous cell death in E. coli culture was observed. This is in contrast with B. subtilis, in which the culture growth remained in the log phase; however their growth rate constant, μg was reduced by ∼70%. The discrepancy between E. coli and B. subtilis was due to strain-specific response upon contact with NMs. TEM, SEM and EDX analysis revealed direct physical surface-surface interaction, as evidence from the adherence of NMs on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Ahmad
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - F M Yasin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Zakaria F, Talip B, Kahar E, Muhammad N, Abdullah N, Basri H. Solvent used in extraction process of agarwood: a systematic review. Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.4(3).333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The method of extraction of Agarwood is usually dependent on the purpose of the extract.
This systematic review aims to look at the number of studies that use different types of
solvents in the process of extraction. There are 3 types of solvents commonly used in the
extraction of agarwood essential oils namely methanol, ethanol and water. Each solvent
produces different extracts in terms of quantity and quality of the final product. However,
there is controversy over the use of solvents as it may cause a cytotoxic effect on the user.
Another common type of solvent is water. Although water is a cheap solvent and
relatively safe, aqueous extracts have more impurities that make isolating the desired
compound difficult. After the extraction process, the crude extract was fractionated into
the desired compounds and this technique is widely applied, especially in the whole
process of extraction of the agarwood. In conclusion, extraction solvents have certain
advantages and disadvantages, and this is one of the reasons why this extraction method
depends on the purpose of using the final product such as agarwood essential oil.
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Razak HA, Abdullah N, Setiabudi HD, Yee CS, Ainirazali N. Influenced of Ni loading on SBA-15 synthesized from oil Palm ash silica for syngas production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/702/1/012024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Neblett RS, Chia YC, Abdullah N, Ablah E. Goals, beliefs, knowledge, and barriers for diabetes self-care in a multi-ethnic population in Malaysia: A qualitative study. Med J Malaysia 2019; 74:483-491. [PMID: 31929473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ethnic differences may influence diabetes selfcare practices and glycaemic control among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This qualitative study explored goals, beliefs about treatment effectiveness, knowledge, and barriers to and facilitators for diabetes self-care among the three main ethnic groups in Malaysia. METHODS Patient focus group discussions were conducted in three different ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese, and Indians. Participants were recruited from the primary-care clinic of a university medical centre located in an urban area. Focus group discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using a thematic approach. RESULTS A total of 31 patients participated in the study: Malays (n=12), Indians (n=10), and Chinese (n=9). There were three sessions for each ethnic group. Reported goals primarily related to quality of life and glycaemic control. Participants expressed the belief that the combination of diet, exercise, and medications is effective for controlling diabetes. Groups described their obtaining information external to a healthcare system and reported a need for more specific, practical counselling from health professionals on diet, exercise, and medications. Barriers to and facilitators for diabetes self-care practices were categorised into three major themes: having discipline, social habits, and "other" themes. CONCLUSION Emerging themes were similar across the ethnic groups and included quality-of-life goals, confidence in combination treatment, common use of complementary and alternative medicine, need for further counselling, and the challenge regarding self-discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Neblett
- University of Kansas, School of Medicine-Wichita, Population Health, 1010 N. Kansas, Wichita, KS, US.
| | - Y C Chia
- Sunway University, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- University of Malaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - E Ablah
- University of Kansas, School of Medicine-Wichita, Population Health, 1010 N. Kansas, Wichita, KS, US
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Razak SAA, Murad NAA, Masra F, Chong DLS, Abdullah N, Jalil N, Alauddin H, Sabudin RZAR, Ithnin A, Khai LC, Aziz NA, Muda Z, Ibrahim H, Latiff ZA. Genetic Modifiers of Fetal Haemoglobin (HbF) and Phenotypic Severity in β-Thalassemia Patients. Curr Mol Med 2019; 18:295-305. [PMID: 30289070 DOI: 10.2174/1566524018666181004121604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phenotypic severity of β-thalassemia is highly modulated by three genetic modifiers: β-globin (HBB) mutations, co-inheritance of α-thalassemia and polymorphisms in the genes associated with fetal haemoglobin (HbF) production. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of HbF related polymorphisms mainly in the HBB cluster, BCL11A (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 11A) and HBS1L-MYB (HBS1-like translational GTPase-MYB protooncogene, transcription factor) with regards to clinical severity. METHODS A total of 149 patients were included in the study. HBA and HBB mutations were characterised using multiplex PCR, Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligationdependent probe amplification. In addition, 35 HbF polymorphisms were genotyped using mass spectrometry and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP). The genotype-phenotype association was analysed using SPSS version 22. RESULTS Twenty-one HBB mutations were identified in the study population. Patients with HBB mutations had heterogeneous phenotypic severity due to the presence of other secondary modifiers. Co-inheritance of α-thalassemia (n = 12) alleviated disease severity of β-thalassemia. In addition, three polymorphisms (HBS1LMYB, rs4895441 [P = 0.008, odds ratio (OR) = 0.38 (0.18, 0.78)], rs9376092 [P = 0.030, OR = 0.36 (0.14, 0.90)]; and olfactory receptor [OR51B2] rs6578605 [P = 0.018, OR = 0.52 (0.31, 0.89)]) were associated with phenotypic severity. Secondary analysis of the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms with HbF levels revealed three nominally significant SNPs: rs6934903, rs9376095 and rs9494149 in HBS1L-MYB. CONCLUSION This study revealed 3 types of HbF polymorphisms that play an important role in ameliorating disease severity of β-thalassemia patients which may be useful as a predictive marker in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A A Razak
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N A A Murad
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - F Masra
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - D L S Chong
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Jalil
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H Alauddin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Z A R Sabudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Ithnin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - L C Khai
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N A Aziz
- Institute for Medical Research (IMR), Jalan Pahang, 50586 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Z Muda
- Institute of Paediatrics, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Pahang, 50586 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H Ibrahim
- Institute of Paediatrics, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Pahang, 50586 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Z A Latiff
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Affiliation(s)
- L.Z. Jin
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Y.W. Ho
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N. Abdullah
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S. Jalaludin
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Kaur M, Rahimi R, Razali F, Mohd Noor N, Omar E, Abdul Manaf Z, Mahmood MS, Abdullah N, Nawawi H. Association of coronary artery calcium score with calcification and degree of stenosis: An autopsy study. Malays J Pathol 2019; 41:177-183. [PMID: 31427553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a known cause of major cardiovascular events and calcium score (CS) has been developed as a marker of coronary atherosclerosis. Yet, the relationship between post mortem computed tomography (PMCT) CS with histologically observed calcification and the severity of coronary artery stenosis has not been widely explored and is still unclear. This study aims to determine the association between coronary artery PMCT CS with histologically observed calcification and degree of stenosis of coronary arteries in post-mortem cases. MATERIALS & METHODS This was a cross-sectional study involving 101 subjects recruited from the National Institute of Forensic Medicine (IPFN) Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL) over a period of 15 months, from December 2012 until April 2014. PMCT CS of the coronary arteries was calculated using Agatston-Janowitz score. Histological presence of calcification was observed and the degree of stenosis was calculated using an image analysis technique. RESULTS PMCT CS increased with increasing severity of stenosis (p<0.001). PMCT CS showed a positive correlation with the presence of calcification (r=-0.82, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Calcium score is strongly associated with coronary artery calcification and the degree of luminal stenosis in post mortem subjects. Thus, PMCT may be useful as a non-invasive tool in diagnosing CAD in the event that an autopsy is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kaur
- Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Institute of Pathology, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ismail NA, Abu Bakar SN, Abdullah N, Shafie MS, Mohd Nor F. Stature estimation in the South-East Asian population: A systematic review. Malays J Pathol 2019; 41:83-89. [PMID: 31427544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stature estimation is population dependent, and population-specific regression equations should be generated for accurate anthropological assessments. Nevertheless, stature estimation data was inaccessible and limited in some of the South-East Asian countries. The systematic review was conducted to analyse the regression equations of stature estimations developed in South-East Asian region. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was performed through SCOPUS database and Google Scholar from January till March 2018. All published articles which developed stature estimation from different types of bone, methods and type of statures (i.e. living stature, forensic stature and cadaveric stature) were included in this study. Risks of biases were also assessed. Population studies with no regression equations were excluded from the study. RESULTS Seven studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified. In the South-East Asia region, regression equations for stature estimation were developed in Thailand and Malaysia. In these studies, bone measurements were done either by radiography, direct bone measurement, or palpation on body surface for anatomical bony prominence. All of these studies used various parts of bones for stature estimation. CONCLUSION The most widely used regression equations for stature estimation in South-East Asian population were from the Thailand population. Further research is recommended to develop regression equations for other South-East Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Ismail
- Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah, Kulliyyah of Medicine & Health Sciences, Kedah, Malaysia.
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Mushahar L, Ahmad M, Mohd Yunus N, Abdullah N, Zainal Z. SUN-076 DRESSING VS NON-DRESSING OF EXIT SITE IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS: A 5-YEARS EXPERIENCE. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Ngim CF, Ibrahim H, Abdullah N, Lai NM, Tan RKM, Ng CS, Ramadas A. A web-based educational intervention module to improve knowledge and attitudes towards thalassaemia prevention in Malaysian young adults. Med J Malaysia 2019; 74:219-225. [PMID: 31256177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thalassaemia is a public health burden in Malaysia and its prevention faces many challenges. In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of a web-based educational module in improving knowledge and attitudes about thalassaemia prevention amongst Malaysian young adults. METHODS We designed an interactive web-based educational module in the Malay language wherein videos were combined with text and pictorial visual cues. Malaysians aged 18-40 years old who underwent the module had their knowledge and attitudes assessed at baseline, post-intervention and at 6-month follow-up using a selfadministered validated questionnaire. RESULTS Sixty-five participants: 47 Malays (72.3%), 15 Chinese (23.1%), three Indians (4.6%) underwent the module. Questionnaires were completed at baseline (n=65), postintervention (n=65) and at 6-month follow-up (n=60). Out of a total knowledge score of 21, significant changes were recorded across three time-points- median scores were 12 at pre-intervention, 19 at post-intervention and 16 at 6-month follow-up (p<0.001). Post-hoc testing comparing preintervention and 6-month follow-up scores showed significant retention of knowledge (p<0.001). Compared to baseline, attitudes at 6-month follow-up showed an increased acceptance for "marriage avoidance between carriers" (pre-intervention 20%, 6-month follow-up 48.3%, p<0.001) and "prenatal diagnosis" (pre-intervention 73.8%, 6-month follow-up 86.2%, p=0.008). Acceptance for selective termination however, remained low without significant change (pre-intervention 6.2%, 6-month follow-up 16.7%, p=0.109). CONCLUSION A web-based educational module appears effective in improving knowledge and attitudes towards thalassaemia prevention and its incorporation in thalassaemia prevention programs is potentially useful in Malaysia and countries with a high internet penetration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Ngim
- Monash University Malaysia, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Malaysia.
| | - H Ibrahim
- Department of Paediatrics, Institut Pediatrik, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Department of Paediatrics, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - N M Lai
- Taylor's University, School of Medicine, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R K M Tan
- Monash University Malaysia, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Malaysia
| | - C S Ng
- Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - A Ramadas
- Monash University Malaysia, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Malaysia
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Chen WL, Jahromi MF, Candyrine SCL, Liang JB, Abdullah N, Idrus Z. Enzymatic hydrolysis drastically reduces fibre content of palm-kernel expeller, but without enhancing performance in broiler chickens. Anim Prod Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an17860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysis of palm-kernel expeller (PKE) is dependent on various factors that influence the stability and functionality of the enzymes. In the present study, parameters influencing the enzymatic treatment of PKE were optimised employing response surface methodology. In addition, the effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysed PKE in increasing inclusion rates in broiler diets was evaluated. Results showed that temperature, enzyme concentration and duration of hydrolysis had significant (P < 0.01) effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis of PKE. Using the crude enzyme produced by Aspergillus terreus K1 isolated in our laboratory, maximum reduction of crude fibre (40%) was achieved by fermenting the PKE at 60% initial moisture with 9.0 U/g PKE mannanase at 51°C for 18 h, with the production of 9.9% (w/w) of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides. Results of the growth-performance study indicated that inclusion rate of PKE with or without enzyme treatment in broiler diet is 5% for starter period and 20% for the finisher diet, without any detrimental effect on animal performance. Although the inclusion rate of enzyme-treated PKE can be increased to 30% without affecting average daily gain, feed conversion ratio of the birds will be compromised.
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Choo SB, Saifulbahri A, Zullkifli SN, Fadzil ML, Redzuan AM, Abdullah N, Bustamam RSA, Ahmad HZ, Shah NM. Adjuvant endocrine therapy side-effects among postmenopausal breast cancer patients in Malaysia. Climacteric 2018; 22:175-181. [PMID: 30556740 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1540563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and their associated risk factors among postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy. METHODS Postmenopausal breast cancer patients on endocrine therapy were recruited at three hospitals in Malaysia. Presence and severity of menopausal symptoms were determined using the Menopause Rating Scale. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from medical records. RESULTS A total of 192 patients participated in this study. Commonly reported symptoms were musculoskeletal pain (59.9%), physical and mental exhaustion (59.4%), and hot flushes (41.1%). Multivariate analyses indicated that increasing number of years after menopause until the start of endocrine therapy was significantly associated with less likelihood of reporting menopausal symptoms and musculoskeletal pain. Patients with primary or secondary education levels reported significantly less menopausal urogenital symptoms compared to patients with a tertiary education level. Patients using aromatase inhibitors were twice as likely to experience musculoskeletal pain compared to patients using tamoxifen (odds ratio, 2.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-4.50; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Menopausal symptoms and musculoskeletal pain are common problems encountered by postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy and should be closely monitored for successful treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Choo
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - A Saifulbahri
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - S N Zullkifli
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - M L Fadzil
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - A Md Redzuan
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- b Department of Surgery , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - R S Ahmad Bustamam
- c Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology , Hospital Kuala Lumpur , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - H Z Ahmad
- d Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology , National Cancer Institute , Putrajaya , Malaysia
| | - N Mohamed Shah
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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Nur Atikah I, Alimon AR, Yaakub H, Abdullah N, Jahromi MF, Ivan M, Samsudin AA. Profiling of rumen fermentation, microbial population and digestibility in goats fed with dietary oils containing different fatty acids. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:344. [PMID: 30558590 PMCID: PMC6297943 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of the dietary oils with differing fatty acid profiles on rumen fermentation, microbial population, and digestibility in goats were investigated. In Experiment I, rumen microbial population and fermentation profiles were evaluated on 16 fistulated male goats that were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: i) control (CNT), ii) olive oil (OL), iii) palm olein oil (PO), and iv) sunflower oil (SF). In Experiment II, another group of 16 male goats was randomly assigned to the same dietary treatments for digestibility determination. RESULTS Rumen ammonia concentration was higher in CNT group compared to treatment groups receiving dietary oils. The total VFA and acetate concentration were higher in SF and OL groups, which showed that they were significantly affected by the dietary treatments. There were no differences in total microbial population. However, fibre degrading bacteria populations were affected by the interaction between treatment and day of sampling. Significant differences were observed in apparent digestibility of crude protein and ether extract of treatment groups containing dietary oils compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that supplementation of different dietary oils containing different fatty acid profiles improved rumen fermentation by reducing ammonia concentration and increasing total VFA concentration, altering fibre degrading bacteria population, and improving apparent digestibility of crude protein and ether extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Nur Atikah
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - A. R. Alimon
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - H. Yaakub
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - N. Abdullah
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - M. F. Jahromi
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - M. Ivan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - A. A. Samsudin
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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Abdullah N, Nawi N, Ding P, Kasim M, Lazim S. Preliminary study to predict moisture content of jackfruit skin using shortwave near infrared spectroscopy. Food Res 2018. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.3(2).135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Wong Y, Abdullah N. Purple urine bag syndrome: A startling phenomenon of purple urine in a urine drainage bag. A primary care approach and literature review. Malays Fam Physician 2018; 13:42-44. [PMID: 30302185 PMCID: PMC6173963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBs) is a rare and startling phenomenon of purple discolouration in the urine or urinary catheter and bag. It is reported in chronically debilitated elderly patients, mostly in women on long-term urinary catheters. Its prevalence is strikingly more common in nursing home residents. Several factors contribute to the formation of indigo (blue) and indirubin (red) pigments from a breakdown of dietary tryptophan, which stains the urine purple. These factors include constipation, dysmotility of the bowel, bowel bacterial overgrowth, dehydration, and urinary tract infection. The presence of purple urine may cause undue alarm to both the patient and the doctor. Thus, we present this case report on an 86-year-old woman, a nursing home resident on a long-term urinary catheter, who presented to the primary care clinic. Her urine cleared after antibiotic therapy, replacement of her urinary catheter, and supportive management, which included hydration and nutrition. In addition to these measures, reducing the time between urinary catheter changes was recommended to prevent recurrence of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ywe Wong
- MBBS (MMMC), Department of Primary Care Medicine, University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) Malaysia.
| | - N Abdullah
- MBBS (Mal), MMed (FamMed) (Mal), Department of Primary Care Medicine, University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) Malaysia
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Abdullah N, Kamarudin SK, Shyuan LK. Novel Anodic Catalyst Support for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell: Characterizations and Single-Cell Performances. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:90. [PMID: 29616360 PMCID: PMC5882481 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces a novel titanium dioxide carbon nanofiber (TiO2-CNF) support for anodic catalyst in direct methanol fuel cell. The catalytic synthesis process involves several methods, namely the sol-gel, electrospinning, and deposition methods. The synthesized electrocatalyst is compared with other three electrocatalysts with different types of support. All of these electrocatalysts differ based on a number of physical and electrochemical characteristics. Experimental results show that the TiO2-CNF support gave the highest current density at 345.64 mA mgcatalyst-1, which is equivalent to 5.54-fold that of carbon support while the power density is almost double that of the commercial electrocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Abdullah
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - S. K. Kamarudin
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - L. K. Shyuan
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
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Wan Jamaludin WF, Mohamad Yusoff F, Ismail NA, Mohd Idris MR, Palaniappan S, Ng CKK, Abdullah N, Zaider SZA, Abdul Wahid SFS. Autologous mononuclear cells from different sources are seen to improve wound healing in patients with haematological malignancies. Malays J Pathol 2018; 40:61-67. [PMID: 29704386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunosuppressive state due to haematological malignancies and chemotherapy may cause disruption to wound healing despite optimum conventional treatment and standard wound dressing. Non-healing wounds are predisposed to infection whereas chemotherapy dose reductions or interruptions are associated with poor survival. BACKGROUND Mononuclear cells contain progenitor cells including haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells and fibroblasts which facilitate wound healing through cytokines, growth factor secretions, cell-cell interactions and provision of extracellular matrix scaffolding. Clinical applications of autologous mononuclear cells therapy in wound healing in non-malignant patients with critical limb ischaemia have been reported with remarkable outcome. METHODS We report three patients with haematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy, who received autologous mononuclear cells implantation to treat non-healing wound after optimum conventional wound care. The sources of mononuclear cells (MNC) were from bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood (PB) and mobilised PB cells (mPB-MNC) using granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The cells were directly implanted into wound and below epidermis. Wound sizes and adverse effects from implantation were assessed at regular intervals. RESULTS All patients achieved wound healing within three months following autologous mononuclear cells implantation. No implantation adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS Autologous mononuclear cells therapy is a feasible alternative to conventional wound care to promote complete healing in non-healing wounds compounded by morbid factors such as haematological malignancies, chemotherapy, diabetes mellitus (DM), infections and prolonged immobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Wan Jamaludin
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cell Therapy Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Shukran M, Abdullah N, Zaida A, Isa M, Ismail M. An analysis of a discrete cosine transform (DCT)compression technique on low level features of image for image retrieval system. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i3s.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Hasnan MMIM, Abdullah N, Said S, Salleh MFM, Hussin SAM, Shah NM. Thermo-electrochemical generation capabilities of octahedral spin crossover complexes of Mn(II), Fe(II) and Co(II) with N-donor ligands and benzoate counter ion. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.12.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abdullah N, Kamarudin SK, Shyuan LK, Karim NA. Fabrication and Characterization of New Composite Tio 2 Carbon Nanofiber Anodic Catalyst Support for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell via Electrospinning Method. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017; 12:613. [PMID: 29214597 PMCID: PMC5718995 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Platinum (Pt) is the common catalyst used in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). However, Pt can lead towards catalyst poisoning by carbonaceous species, thus reduces the performance of DMFC. Thus, this study focuses on the fabrication of a new composite TiO2 carbon nanofiber anodic catalyst support for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) via electrospinning technique. The distance between the tip and the collector (DTC) and the flow rate were examined as influencing parameters in the electrospinning technique. To ensure that the best catalytic material is fabricated, the nanofiber underwent several characterizations and electrochemical tests, including FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, and cyclic voltammetry. The results show that D18, fabricated with a flow rate of 0.1 mLhr-1 and DTC of 18 cm, is an ultrafine nanofiber with the smallest average diameter, 136.73 ± 39.56 nm. It presented the highest catalyst activity and electrochemical active surface area value as 274.72 mAmg-1 and 226.75m2 g-1PtRu, respectively, compared with the other samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Abdullah
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - S. K. Kamarudin
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - L. K. Shyuan
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - N. A. Karim
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
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Buji RI, Abdul Murad NA, Chan LF, Maniam T, Mohd Shahrir MS, Rozita M, Shamsul AS, Mohamad Hussain R, Abdullah N, Jamal R, Nik Jaafar NR. Suicidal ideation in systemic lupus erythematosus: NR2A gene polymorphism, clinical and psychosocial factors. Lupus 2017; 27:744-752. [PMID: 29161964 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317742711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are a high-risk population for suicide. Glutamatergic neurosystem genes have been implicated in the neurobiology of depression in SLE and suicidal behaviour in general. However, the role of glutamate receptor gene polymorphisms in suicidal behaviour among SLE patients remains unclear in the context of established clinical and psychosocial factors. We aimed to investigate the association of NR2A gene polymorphism with suicidal ideation in SLE while accounting for the interaction between clinical and psychosocial factors. Methods A total of 130 SLE patients were assessed for mood disorders (MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview), severity of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), suicidal behaviour (Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale), socio-occupational functioning (Work and Social Adjustment Scale), recent life events (Social Readjustment Rating Scale) and lupus disease activity (SELENA-SLE Disease Activity Index). Eighty-six out of the 130 study participants consented for NR2A genotyping. Results Multivariable logistic regression showed nominal significance for the interaction effect between the NR2A rs2072450 AC genotype and higher severity of socio-occupational impairment with lifetime suicidal ideation in SLE patients ( p = 0.038, odds ratio = 1.364, 95% confidence interval = 1.018-1.827). However, only the association between lifetime mood disorder and lifetime suicidal ideation remained significant after Bonferroni correction ( p < 0.001, odds ratio = 33.834, 95% confidence interval = 7.624-150.138). Conclusions Lifetime mood disorder emerged as a more significant factor for suicidal ideation in SLE compared with NR2A gene polymorphism main and interaction effects. Clinical implications include identification and treatment of mood disorders as an early intervention for suicidal behaviour in SLE. More adequately-powered gene-environment interaction studies are required in the future to clarify the role of glutamate receptor gene polymorphisms in the risk stratification of suicidal behaviour among SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R I Buji
- 1 Hospital Mesra Bukit Padang, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - N A Abdul Murad
- 2 UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - L F Chan
- 3 Department of Psychiatry, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - T Maniam
- 3 Department of Psychiatry, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,7 Mind Faculty, Mont Kiara, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M S Mohd Shahrir
- 4 Department of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Rozita
- 4 Department of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A S Shamsul
- 2 UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,5 Department of Community Health, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Mohamad Hussain
- 2 UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Abdullah
- 2 UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Jamal
- 2 UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,6 Department of Pediatrics, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N R Nik Jaafar
- 3 Department of Psychiatry, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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