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Weitzdoerfer R, Toran N, Subramaniyan S, Pollak A, Dierssen M, Lubec G. A cluster of protein kinases and phosphatases modulated in fetal Down syndrome (trisomy 21) brain. Amino Acids 2015; 47:1127-34. [PMID: 25740605 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-1941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS; trisomy 21) is the most frequent cause of mental retardation with major cognitive and behavioral deficits. Although a series of aberrant biochemical pathways has been reported, work on signaling proteins is limited. It was, therefore, the aim of the study to test a selection of protein kinases and phosphatases known to be essential for memory and learning mechanisms in fetal DS brain. 12 frontal cortices from DS brain were compared to 12 frontal cortices from controls obtained at legal abortions. Proteins were extracted from brains and western blotting with specific antibodies was carried out. Primary results were used for networking (IntAct Molecular Interaction Database) and individual predicted pathway components were subsequently quantified by western blotting. Levels of calcium-calmodulin kinase II alpha, transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 as well as phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were reduced in cortex of DS subjects and network generation pointed to interaction between PTEN and the dendritic spine protein drebrin that was subsequently determined and reduced levels were observed. The findings of reduced levels of cognitive-function-related protein kinases and the phosphatase may be relevant for interpretation of previous work and may be useful for the design of future studies on signaling in DS brain. Moreover, decreased drebrin levels may point to dendritic spine abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Weitzdoerfer
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Bellera N, Barba I, Rodriguez-Sinovas A, Ferret E, Asín MA, Gonzalez-Alujas MT, Pérez-Rodon J, Esteves M, Fonseca C, Toran N, Garcia Del Blanco B, Pérez A, Garcia-Dorado D. Single intracoronary injection of encapsulated antagomir-92a promotes angiogenesis and prevents adverse infarct remodeling. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000946. [PMID: 25240056 PMCID: PMC4323815 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Small and large preclinical animal models have shown that antagomir‐92a‐based therapy reduces early postischemic loss of function, but its effect on postinfarction remodeling is not known. In addition, the reported remote miR‐92a inhibition in noncardiac organs prevents the translation of nonvectorized miR‐targeted therapy to the clinical setting. We investigated whether a single intracoronary administration of antagomir‐92a encapsulated in microspheres could prevent deleterious remodeling of myocardium 1 month after acute myocardial infarction AUTHOR: Should “acute” be added before “myocardial infarction” (since abbreviation is AMI)? Also check at first mention in main text (AMI) without adverse effects. Methods and Results In a percutaneous pig model of reperfused AMI, a single intracoronary administration of antagomir‐92a encapsulated in specific microspheres (9 μm poly‐d,‐lactide‐co‐glycolide [PLGA]) inhibited miR‐92a in a local, selective, and sustained manner (n=3 pigs euthanized 1, 3, and 10 days after treatment; 8×, 2×, and 5×‐fold inhibition at 1, 3, and 10 days). Downregulation of miR‐92a resulted in significant vessel growth (n=27 adult minipigs randomly allocated to blind receive encapsulated antagomir‐92a, encapsulated placebo, or saline [n=8, 9, 9]; P=0.001), reduced regional wall‐motion dysfunction (P=0.03), and prevented adverse remodeling in the infarct area 1 month after injury (P=0.03). Intracoronary injection of microspheres had no significant adverse effect in downstream myocardium in healthy pigs (n=2), and fluorescein isothiocyanate albumin‐PLGA microspheres were not found in myocardium outside the left anterior descending coronary artery territory (n=4) or in other organs (n=2). Conclusions Early single intracoronary administration of encapsulated antagomir‐92a in an adult pig model of reperfused AMI prevents left ventricular remodeling with no local or distant adverse effects, emerging as a promising therapeutic approach to translate to patients who suffer a large AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Bellera
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Cardiocirculatory Pathology, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., I.B., A.R.S., D.G.D.) Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
| | - Ignasi Barba
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Cardiocirculatory Pathology, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., I.B., A.R.S., D.G.D.)
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Sinovas
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Cardiocirculatory Pathology, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., I.B., A.R.S., D.G.D.)
| | - Eulalia Ferret
- I+D Pierre-Fabre Ibérica S.A., Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain (E.F., M.A.A., A.)
| | - Miguel Angel Asín
- I+D Pierre-Fabre Ibérica S.A., Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain (E.F., M.A.A., A.)
| | - M Teresa Gonzalez-Alujas
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
| | - Jordi Pérez-Rodon
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
| | - Marielle Esteves
- Department of Animal Housing, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (M.E., C.F.)
| | - Carla Fonseca
- Department of Animal Housing, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (M.E., C.F.)
| | - Nuria Toran
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.T.)
| | - Bruno Garcia Del Blanco
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
| | - Amadeo Pérez
- I+D Pierre-Fabre Ibérica S.A., Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain (E.F., M.A.A., A.)
| | - David Garcia-Dorado
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Cardiocirculatory Pathology, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., I.B., A.R.S., D.G.D.) Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
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Gimeno A, García-Giménez JL, Audí L, Toran N, Andaluz P, Dasí F, Viña J, Pallardó FV. Decreased cell proliferation and higher oxidative stress in fibroblasts from Down Syndrome fetuses. Preliminary study. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1842:116-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Bellera N, Barba I, Rodriguez-Sinovas A, Gonzalez-Alujas M, Perez-Rodon J, Esteves M, Fonseca C, Toran N, Carro A, Garcia Del Blanco B, Asin MA, Ferret L, Perez A, Garcia-Dorado D. Intracoronary injection of encapsulated antagomir-92a promotes angiogenesis and prevents adverse infarct remodeling in a pig model of myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Reig-Viader R, Brieno-Enriquez MA, Khouriauli L, Toran N, Cabero L, Giulotto E, Garcia-Caldes M, Ruiz-Herrera A. Telomeric repeat-containing RNA and telomerase in human fetal oocytes. Hum Reprod 2012; 28:414-22. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Brieno-Enriquez MA, Reig-Viader R, Cabero L, Toran N, Martinez F, Roig I, Garcia Caldes M. Gene expression is altered after bisphenol A exposure in human fetal oocytes in vitro. Mol Hum Reprod 2011; 18:171-83. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gar074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Engman M, Bystrom B, Varghese S, Lalitkumar PGL, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Romeu C, Urries A, Lierta M, Sanchez Rubio J, Sanz B, Perez I, Casis L, Salerno A, Nazzaro A, Di Iorio L, Bonassisa P, Van Os L, Vink-Ranti CQJ, de Haan-Cramer JH, Rijnders PM, Jansen CAM, Nazzaro A, Salerno A, Marino S, Granato C, Pastore E, Brandes M, Hamilton CJCM, de Bruin JP, Bots RSGM, Nelen WLDM, Kremer JAM, Szkodziak P, Wozniak S, Czuczwar P, Paszkowski T, Wozniak S, Szkodziak P, Czuczwar P, Paszkowski T, Agirregoitia N, Peralta L, Mendoza R, Exposito A, Matorras R, Agirregoitia E, Chuderland D, Ben-Ami I, Kaplan-Kraicer R, Grossman H, Satchi- Fainaro R, Eldar-Boock A, Ron-El R, Shalgi R, Custers IM, Scholten I, Moolenaar LM, Flierman PA, Dessel TJHM, Gerards MH, Cox T, Janssen CAH, van der Veen F, Mol BWJ, Wathlet S, Adriaenssens T, Verheyen G, Coucke W, Smitz J, Feliciani E, Ferraretti AP, Paesano C, Pellizzaro E, Magli MC, Gianaroli L, Hernandez J, Rodriguez-Fuentes A, Garcia-Guzman R, Palumbo A, Radunovic N, Tosic T, Djukic S, Lockwood JC, Adriaenssens T, Wathlet S, Van Landuyt L, Verheyen G, Coucke W, Smitz J, Karayalcin R, Ozcan SARP, Ozyer S, Gurlek B, Kale I, Moraloglu O, Batioglu S, Chaudhury K, Narendra Babu K, Mamata Joshi V, Srivastava S, Chakravarty BN, Viardot-Foucault V, Prasath EB, Tai BC, Chan JKY, Loh SF, Cordeiro I, Leal F, Soares AP, Nunes J, Sousa S, Aguiar A, Carvalho M, Calhaz-Jorge C, Karkanaki A, Piouk A, Katsikis I, Mousatat T, Koiou E, Daskalopoulos GN, Panidis D, Tolikas A, Tsakos E, Gerou S, Prapas Y, Loufopoulos A, Abanto E, Barrenetxea G, Agirregoikoa J, Anarte C, De Pablo JL, Burgos J, Komarovsky D, Friedler S, Gidoni Y, Ben-ami I, Strassburger D, Bern O, Kasterstein E E, Komsky A, Maslansky B, Ron-El R, Raziel A, Fuentes A, Argandona F, Gabler F, Galleguillos A, Torres A, Palomino WA, Gonzalez-Fernandez R, Pena O, Hernandez J, Palumbo A, Avila J, Talebi Chahvar S, Biondini V, Battistoni S, Giannubilo S, Tranquilli AL, Stensen MH, Tanbo T, Storeng R, Abyholm T, Fedorcsak P, Johnson SR, Foster L, Ellis J, Choi JR, Joo JK, Son JB, Lee KS, Helmgaard L, Klein BM, Arce JC, Sanhueza P, Donoso P, Salinas R, Enriquez R, Saez V, Carrasco I, Rios M, Gonzalez P, Macklon N, Guo M, Richardson M, Wilson P, Chian RC, Eapen A, Hrehorcak M, Campbell S, Nargund G, Oron G, Fisch B, Ao A, Freidman O, Zhang XY, Ben-Haroush A, Abir R, Hantisteanu S, Ellenbogen A, Hallak M, Michaeli M, Fainaru O, Maman E, Yong G, Kedem A, Yeruahlmi G, Konopnicki S, Cohen B, Dor J, Hourvitz A, Moshin V, Croitor M, Hotineanu A, Ciorap Z, Rasohin E, Aleyasin A, Agha Hosseini M, Mahdavi A, Safdarian L, Fallahi P, Mohajeri MR, Abbasi M, Esfahani F, Elnashar A, Badawy A, Totongy M, Mohamed H, Mustafa F, Seidman DS, Tadir Y, Goldchmit C, Gilboa Y, Siton A, Mashiach R, Rabinovici J, Yerushalmi GM, Inoue O, Kuji N, Fukunaga T, Ogawa S, Sugawara K, Yamada M, Hamatani T, Hanabusa H, Yoshimura Y, Kato S, Casarini L, La Marca A, Lispi M, Longobardi S, Pignatti E, Simoni M, Halpern G, Braga DPAF, Figueira RCS, Setti AS, Iaconelli Jr. A, Borges Jr. E, Vingris L, Setti AS, Braga DPAF, Figueira RCS, Iaconelli Jr. A, Pasqualotto FF, Borges Jr. E, Collado-Fernandez E, Harris SE, Cotterill M, Elder K, Picton HM, Serra V, Garrido N, Casanova C, Lara C, Remohi J, Bellver J, Steiner HP, Kim CH, You RM, Nah HY, Kang HJ, Kim S, Chae HD, Kang BM, Reig Viader R, Brieno Enriquez MA, Toran N, Cabero L, Giulotto E, Garcia Caldes M, Ruiz-Herrera A, Brieno-Enriquez M, Reig-Viader R, Toran N, Cabero L, Martinez F, Garcia-Caldes M, Velthut A, Zilmer M, Zilmer K, Haller T. Kaart E, Karro H, Salumets A, Bromfield JJ, Sheldon IM, Rezacova J, Madar J, Cuchalova L, Fiserova A, Shao R, Billig H. POSTER VIEWING SESSION - FEMALE (IN) FERTILITY. Hum Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/26.s1.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sun Y, Dierssen M, Toran N, Pollak DD, Chen WQ, Lubec G. A gel-based proteomic method reveals several protein pathway abnormalities in fetal Down syndrome brain. J Proteomics 2011; 74:547-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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García-Peña P, Boixadera H, Barber I, Toran N, Lucaya J, Enríquez G. Thoracic Findings of Systemic Diseases at High-Resolution CT in Children. Radiographics 2011; 31:465-82. [DOI: 10.1148/rg.312095160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Fontecha CG, Aguire M, Soldado F, Peiro JL, Toran N, Vidal N, Martinez V. Effects of birth advancement in Chiari malformation in a surgical myelomeningocele model in rabbits. J Pediatr Surg 2010; 45:594-9. [PMID: 20223326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2009.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2008] [Revised: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 08/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE In myelomeningocele (MMC), Chiari II malformation progresses during gestation because of the continuous loss of cerebrospinal fluid at the site of the defect. Our purpose was to assess the impact of birth advancement (BA) and prenatal corticosteroid treatment (PCT) on Chiari malformation in a surgical MMC model in rabbits. METHODS A surgical MMC-like defect was created in 75 fetal rabbits. Animals were distributed into 4 groups depending on the treatment received: not treated and those undergoing BA + PCT, BA, or PCT. The degree of Chiari malformation in newborn rabbits was defined as the percentage of downward protrusion of the hindbrain between the end of the occipital bone and the beginning of the first vertebral arch. RESULTS The degree of hindbrain herniation was 80% (8.15) in the not treated group, 36.8% (10.57) in BA + PCT, 41.8% (8.27) in BA, and 44.4% (8.32) in PCT. The BA + PCT, BA, and PCT groups showed less severe hindbrain herniation than not treated animals (mean decrease, 39.86%; SD, 10.57; P = .000). There were no significant differences between the BA + PCT, BA, and PCT groups (P = .311). CONCLUSIONS Birth advancement and prenatal administration of corticosteroids decrease the severity of the hindbrain herniation component of Chiari II malformation in surgical MMC in fetal rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar G Fontecha
- Pediatric Orthopedic Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
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Abstract
Congenital urinary tract obstruction induces changes to the renal collecting duct epithelium, including alteration and depletion of intercalated cells. To study the effects of obstruction on the ontogeny of intercalated cell development, we examined normal and obstructed human fetal and postnatal kidneys. In the normal human fetal kidney, intercalated cells originated in the medullary collecting duct at 8 weeks gestation and remained most abundant in the inner medulla throughout gestation. In the cortex, intercalated cells were rare at 18 and 26 weeks gestation and observed at low abundance at 36 weeks gestation. Although early intercalated cells exhibit an immature phenotype, Type A intercalated cells predominated in the inner and outer medullae at 26 and 36 weeks gestation with other intercalated cell subtypes observed rarely. Postnatally, the collecting duct epithelium underwent a remodeling whereby intercalated cells become abundant in the cortex yet absent from the inner medulla. In 18-week obstructed kidneys with mild to moderate injury, the intercalated cells became more abundant and differentiated than the equivalent age-matched normal kidney. In contrast, more severely injured ducts of the late obstructed kidney exhibited a significant reduction in intercalated cells. These studies characterize the normal ontogeny of human intercalated cell development and suggest that obstruction induces premature remodeling and differentiation of the fetal collecting duct epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hiatt
- Child and Family Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6H 3V4
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Fernández-Cancio M, Audi L, Carrascosa A, Toran N, Andaluz P, Esteban C, Granada ML. Vitamin D and growth hormone regulate growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH-IGF) axis gene expression in human fetal epiphyseal chondrocytes. Growth Horm IGF Res 2009; 19:232-237. [PMID: 19056306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2008] [Revised: 09/26/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cell proliferation and gene expression regulation were studied in human fetal epiphyseal chondrocytes to ascertain the involvement of GH-IGF axis components in human fetal growth regulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (VitD) and growth hormone (GH). DESIGN Chondrocytes from primary cultures were plated in serum-free medium for 48 h and incubated for a further 48 h with VitD (10(-11) to 10(-6)M) and/or IGF-I (100 ng/ml) and/or GH (500 ng/ml). We analyzed (3)H-thymidine incorporation into DNA and IGF-I, IGFBP-3, GHR, SOX9, COL2A1, aggrecan and COMP gene expression by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS VitD dose-dependently and significantly inhibited (3)H-thymidine incorporation whereas GH had no effect on proliferation and, when combined with VitD, the same inhibition was observed as with VitD alone. IGF-I (100 ng/ml) significantly stimulated proliferation and opposed inhibition by VitD. VitD dose-dependently stimulated IGF-I (11.1+/-19.8 at VitD10(-6)M), IGFBP-3 (2.6+/-0.9), GHR (3.8+/-2.8) and COMP (1.5+/-0.6) expression whereas it inhibited SOX9 (0.7+/-0.2), COL2A1 (0.6+/-0.3) and aggrecan (0.6+/-0.2) expression and had no significant effect on IGF-II. IGF-I stimulated IGF-I, IGFBP-3, SOX9, COL2A1 and aggrecan expression and opposed COL2A1 and aggrecan gene expression inhibition by VitD. GH alone had no effect on gene expression whereas, in the presence of VitD, significantly-increased IGF-I expression stimulation was observed above values obtained with VitD alone (17.5+/-7.4). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that VitD regulation of fetal growth cartilage could have consisted of parallel enhancing of cell differentiation and conditioning to a phenotype more sensitive to regulation by other hormones such as GH as shown by increased GHR and IGF-I expression, but not by IGF-II expression which was not regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernández-Cancio
- Research Institute, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Autonomous University of Barcelona, CIBERER (Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
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Fernandez-Cancio M, Esteban C, Carrascosa A, Toran N, Andaluz P, Audi L. IGF-I and not IGF-II expression is regulated by glucocorticoids in human fetal epiphyseal chondrocytes. Growth Horm IGF Res 2008; 18:497-505. [PMID: 18515166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2008.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Revised: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the involvement of IGF axis components and the potential effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) in human fetal growth regulation. DESIGN We studied the regulation by dexamethasone (Dx) and IGF-I of proliferation and IGF axis components and matrix protein gene expression in human fetal epiphyseal chondrocytes. RESULTS High Dx concentration (10(-7)-10(-6)M) inhibited (3)H-thymidine incorporation, mifepristone (MF) 10(-6)M limited inhibition by Dx, and IGF-I (100 ng/ml) significantly stimulated proliferation and completely opposed inhibition by Dx. Dx dose-dependently (10(-9)-10(-6)M) inhibited IGF-I, IGFBP3 and SOX9 gene expression and expression of GHR, COL2A1 and aggrecan from 10(-7)M to 10(-6)M whereas it stimulated IGF-IR expression. By contrast, Dx had no significant effect on IGF-II expression. IGF-I stimulated IGF-I, IGFBP3, SOX9, COL2A1 and aggrecan expression whereas it inhibited IGF-IR expression. IGF-I could oppose COL2A1 and aggrecan gene expression inhibition by Dx. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time by real-time quantitative PCR that human fetal epiphyseal chondrocytes expressed IGF axis components, such as IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP3, IGF-IR and GHR and SOX9, COL2A1 and aggrecan, and that their expression was regulated by Dx and IGF-I. Among IGFs, IGF-I and not IGF-II expression was demonstrated to be down-regulated by GCs whereas IGF-I expression was up-regulated by itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernandez-Cancio
- Pediatric Endocrinology Research Unit, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Autonomous University, Barcelona, Spain.
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Gratacós E, Sanin-Blair J, Lewi L, Toran N, Verbist G, Cabero L, Deprest J. A histological study of fetoscopic membrane defects to document membrane healing. Placenta 2005; 27:452-6. [PMID: 15953634 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2005.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2004] [Revised: 03/04/2005] [Accepted: 03/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the rate of spontaneous healing in human fetal membranes after fetoscopy. STUDY DESIGN Membranes from patients that had undergone fetoscopic interventions and delivered in one of the two treatment centers were included in the study. The membranes were examined macroscopically for any remaining defects and if present, the size of the defect in chorion and amnion was measured. Subsequently, the defect was excised and stained with HE for histological evaluation. Additional immunohistochemical staining was performed with Ki-67, cytokeratin and vimentin. The proliferation index (percentage of proliferating cells) was calculated in amnion and chorion. RESULTS Nineteen membrane defects were included in the study. The median time interval between invasive procedures and delivery was 60 days (range 3-112). All fetoscopic defects (n=19) could be identified in the gestational sac and in none spontaneous closure had occurred. Proliferation indices as measured by inmunohistochemistry were very low (median 2.8%, range 0-7%) in the chorion and 0% in the amnion. CONCLUSION No evidence of spontaneous membrane healing was found after fetoscopic procedures, suggesting that the membrane defect normally persists until delivery. Absence of amniotic fluid leakage after invasive procedures may be based on mechanisms other than histologic membrane repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gratacós
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Hospital Universitari Vall d' Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Fité M, Enríquez G, Martín JA, Toran N. Pólipo fibroepitelial del uréter en un niño: causa de estenosis pieloureteral. Radiología 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0033-8338(04)77996-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Martinez-Ibanez V, Gussinyer M, Toran N, Lloret J, Abad P, Carrascosa A, Boix-Ochoa J. Pancreatectomy extension in persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia: a new strategy. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2002; 12:262-6. [PMID: 12369005 DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-34476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent neonatal and infantile hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (PNHH) is a rare entity which remains to be elucidated but is associated with severe lesions in paediatric patients. The aim of this study was to present our current surgical strategy with this disease, based on our pathologic findings and clinical experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of 29 patients treated, medically and surgically, at our centre. In 15 surgical patients, morphologic, morphometric and immunohistochemical studies for insulin, somatostatin and glucagon were performed and consequently it was possible to establish a focal and different forms of a diffuse type. RESULTS Of 29 patients studied, 25 were diagnosed before one year of age and 4 between the first and second year of infancy. Of the first 25 patients, one died 7 hours post partum. Twelve patients received medical treatment alone: one died at 45 days of life and the remaining 11 had a good outcome. Another 12 patients additionally received surgical treatment. In 2 of these, adenoma were observed and removed and the patients cured. Subtotal pancreatectomy was performed in the remaining 10. (One case was normal and cured and the other 9 had the diffuse type.) Of these 9 patients with diffuse type, 4 died, 3 were cured and 2 underwent repeat surgery. Of the 4 patients diagnosed later, 3 underwent surgery (2 with adenomas and 1 diffuse type) and the other received medical treatment alone. CONCLUSIONS We currently give medical treatment for all types and forms of PNHH. If the patient is resistant to therapy, adenoma is ruled out. If adenoma is diagnosed, it is removed. If the type is diffuse, near-total pancreatectomy is performed with a perioperative biopsy. In cases of hyperplasia or mixed forms we recommend total pancreatectomy and in cases of nesidioblastosis, partial pancreatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Martinez-Ibanez
- Paediatric Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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Oppermann M, Cols N, Nyman T, Helin J, Saarinen J, Byman I, Toran N, Alaiya AA, Bergman T, Kalkkinen N, Gonzàlez-Duarte R, Jörnvall H. Identification of foetal brain proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry comparison of samples from individuals with or without chromosome 21 trisomy. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267:4713-9. [PMID: 10903504 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01524.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Protein expression in foetal brain with or without chromosome 21 trisomy (Down's syndrome) was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Data generated by in-gel digestion and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry allowed identification of 40 proteins. Most of these are common to syndrome and healthy subjects and represent different types of protein. However, a few proteins, identified as truncated structural proteins (tubulin, actin), were present in part of the trisomy samples but absent from the controls. This is interpreted to indicate increased proteolysis in the syndrome samples but could also reflect some altered expression or processing. Independent of the apparently increased proteolysis in the syndrome samples, and in spite of the use of total brain tissues, the results show that two-dimensional protein separation patterns are largely similar between the syndrome and control samples upon silver-staining, but that differences associated with structural components can be detected and identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oppermann
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Garcia-Ramirez M, Toran N, Carrascosa A, Audi L. Anomalous costochondral cartilage in fetal anencephaly. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2000; 3:256-63. [PMID: 10742413 DOI: 10.1007/s100249910033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Anencephaly is a human fetal malformation with absence of brain and calvarium superior to the orbits. The consequent absence of hypothalamus provides a unique model for studying human development, and therefore skeletal growth, in the absence of hypothalamic hormones and their regulatory functions. To assess the influence of hypothalamic insufficiency on cartilage development, we studied costochondral cartilage sections from eight anencephalic fetuses (18-22 weeks old) and seven controls (16-22 weeks old) with pathologies not directly related to skeletal growth. We found a previously undescribed anomalous organization of the cartilage in the anencephalic. The proliferative chondrocytes showed a disordered appearance with an increased proliferative zonal length (156 +/- 28 microm in anencephalic fetuses vs. 103 +/- 14 microm in controls, p = 0.006) and a concomitant decrease in the maturing portion, where cells form ordered isogenic groups (58 +/- 13 microm in anencephalic fetuses vs. 93 +/- 19 microm in controls, p = 0.003). In addition, cell density was significantly decreased in the proliferating and maturing zones in the anencephalic cases (84 +/- 21 vs. 130 +/- 21 cells/40 microm(2) in proliferating zone; 53 +/- 8 vs. 94 +/- 8 in maturing portion, p < 0.005). These alterations in the developing cartilage of the anencephalic may contribute to the observed growth retardation in these fetuses and reflect modifications in pituitary hormones and growth factors resulting from reduction in hypothalamopituitary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garcia-Ramirez
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, Passeig Vall'Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Abstract
Angiogenesis is a crucial event in endochondral ossification. Chemoattractants and mitogens for endothelial cells (such as basic fibroblast growth factor [bFGF] and transforming growth factor beta [TGF-beta]), which act as local regulators of the process, are synthesized by chondrocytes under several stimuli and in relation to the differentiation stage of the cartilage. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a 44-kDa protein well known as a potent angiogenic molecule owing to its mitogenic and permeability-causing properties. In this work, VEGF was located by immunohistochemistry in growth plate cartilage of human fetuses (20-22 weeks old) and its expression was demonstrated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Primary culture of human fetal epiphyseal chondrocytes (HFEC) maintained VEGF expression at protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels and this expression was stimulated by cartilage-promoting growth factors incorporated into the culture media (rFGF-b, rTGF-beta1, and insulin-like growth factor [rFGF-b] at 50 ng/ml). The conditioned medium (CM) of HFEC stimulated the proliferation of endothelial cells, and this was partially blocked by anti-VEGF antibody. These studies showed VEGF production by chondrocytes of the epiphyseal growth cartilage and suggested a role of this factor in cartilage physiology and the angiogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garcia-Ramirez
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospitals Vall d'Herbron, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Abstract
Down's syndrome (DS), a human genetic abnormality usually caused by an extra chromosome 21, presents a wide range of major and minor anomalies, the most significant of which are mental retardation and congenital heart defects. The anomalous phenotype also includes short stature and neck, thin calvaria, and cartilage hypoplasia. The genesis of these skeletal features is unknown. Histopathologic sections of fetal cartilage from skull, vertebra, rib, and femur were studied in 16 fetuses with DS (17-22 wk old) and 13 control non-DS fetuses (19-22 wk old) with other pathologies not directly affecting skeletal growth. Rib growth cartilage morphology showed a previously unreported structural anomaly in DS, an increase in the hypertrophic portion with a concomitant decrease in proliferative and resting zones. The hypertrophic chondrocytic zone was markedly increased in DS compared with non-DS (149 +/- 68 microm versus 36 +/- 20 microm, and 26 +/- 12 versus 7 +/- 3 expressed in percent of the total length; p < 0.0001), whereas the proliferative zone (114 +/- 58 microm versus 165 +/- 43 microm, 20 +/- 10 versus 33 +/- 4 in percent of the total length; p < 0.001) and the resting zone (53 +/- 4 versus 59 +/- 6 in %, p < 0.009) were decreased. These features were not found in the femoral epiphyseal growth plate or in cartilage from vertebra and skull. Our results demonstrate an imbalance toward the hypertrophic phenotype. This abnormality, found in DS fetuses 17-22 wk old, may represent an early manifestation of an abnormal growth cartilage maturation pattern, which manifests postnatally in long bones, leading to diminished growth rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garcia-Ramírez
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Plaja A, Mediano C, Farran I, Vendrell T, Toran N, Gili T, Sanchez MA, Sarret E. Trisomy (12p) with telocentric and pseudoisodicentric chromosome formation in a fetus. Ann Genet 1998; 41:52-5. [PMID: 9599652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report an 18-week-old fetus with at 47, XY, -12, +12q, +psu idic(12p) karyotype, mild dysmorphic features and absence of the brachiocephalic truncus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Plaja
- Unitat de Genètica, Hospital Materno-Infantil Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Blanco JA, Martínez-Mora J, Granada M, Toran N, Isnard RM, Castellví A, Casasa JM. [The mixed gonadal dysgenesis. Diagnostic criteria and surgical treatment]. Cir Pediatr 1997; 10:34-7. [PMID: 9131963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis represents the 7.6% of all our patients with intersexual states. We report 14 patients who present Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis. We have studied: diagnosis age; external genitalia description; sex assigned in birth and if has changed; the karyotype; sex chromatine; hormonal study; genitography; internal genitalia and internal Mullerians ducts structures; gonadal histologycal study; surgical treatment and hormonal treatment. The results show that 50% of the cases presents a 46XY karyotype and the other 50% mosaicisme 45XO/46XY. The histological study is very distinctive. A vulvovagynoplasty and clitoroplasty was made in all the cases. Four patients must follow an hormonal treatment after reaching puberal age. Summing up, with patients having ambiguous genitalia we can suspect it consists of a Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis. The diagnosis must be precocious. And this diagnosis will be based in an ambiguous genitalia, with a karyotype 46XY or 45XO/46XY, the persistence of the internal Müllerian duct structures, and the histological study with a dysgenetic testis. These patients should be raised as females because they can obtain a good morphological and functional development like a normal female.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Blanco
- Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica del H. Universitari, Germans Trias i Pujol de Badalona
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Affiliation(s)
- P Huguet
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Ciutat Sanitaria Universitaria Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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Domingo-Pech J, Garriga JM, Toran N, Rusinol M, Girvent F, Rosines D, Rodriguez E, Tegiacchi M. Preservation of the amputated canine hind limb by extracorporeal perfusion. Int Orthop 1991; 15:289-91. [PMID: 1809705 DOI: 10.1007/bf00186863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The hind limbs of six dogs were reimplanted immediately after amputation. Another nine were conserved by extracorporeal circulation for 24 h, and then examined histologically. A further six were conserved by the same method and then reimplanted after 24 h. Conservation by extracorporeal circulation maintained the limbs in good condition. Less than 5% of the muscle fibres showed abnormality when examined, and the lesions were reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Domingo-Pech
- Centre de Cirurgia Experimental de la Mutua Sabadellenca, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Martinez-Mora J, Audi L, Toran N, Isnard R, Castellvi A, Perez Iribarne M, Egozcue J. Ambiguous genitalia, gonadoblastoma, aniridia and mental retardation with deletion of chromosome 11. J Urol 1989; 142:1298-300. [PMID: 2810512 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)39064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe a patient with ambiguous genitalia, gonadoblastoma, aniridia, mental retardation and 46XY, del (11)(p13) karyotype. To our knowledge this association has been observed in only 2 patients to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martinez-Mora
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Germans Trias Pujol, Badalona, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Tornos
- Servei de Cardiologia, Ciutat Sanitaria Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
We report a new case of a patient with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and a solitary metastasis to the orbita. A review of the literature shows two cases described previously. This case is interesting for the clinical features and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prats
- Department of Urology, Valle Hebrón Hospital, Autonóma University of Barcelona, Spain
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Tarroch X, Rovirosa M, Toran N, Lozano C. [Hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension in Down syndrome: prognostic evaluation using pulmonary biopsy]. Rev Esp Cardiol 1989; 42:348-50. [PMID: 2528192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pulmonary hypoplasia, in Down's syndrome with congenital cardiac malformation, probably explains the poor behaviour of these patients, leading to early vascular pulmonary lesions, which progress quickly. We present a case, in which the lung biopsy, done before cardiac surgery, showed a lung hypoplasia and also enabled us to establish the grading of the pulmonary vascular disease. The pathologic evaluation is necessary to decide upon the intracardiac repair and to predict the child's outcome.
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Abstract
Perirenal brown adipose tissue was studied in 49 liveborn anencephalic infants of appropriate weight, whose lifespan ranged from 2 hours to 6 days. An additional series of 187 full-term infants was used as control. Morphological evidence of active and marked BAT lipolysis was found in large number of anencephalic infants suggesting that activation of BAT metabolism leading to lipolysis in the newborn does not depend on a diencephalic pathway but on peripheral mechanisms. Image analysis study did not sustain significant differences in the intrauterine storage of lipids in brown adipose tissue cells for the anencephalic and control infants who died within 24 hours of birth.
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30
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Carrascosa A, Audi L, Ortega JJ, Javier G, Toran N. Hypothalamo-hypophyseal-testicular function in prepubertal boys with acute lymphoblastic leukemia following chemotherapy and testicular radiotherapy. Acta Paediatr Scand 1984; 73:364-71. [PMID: 6430026 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1994.tb17749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hypothalamo-hypophyseal-testicular function was studied in twenty-eight prepubertal boys with ALL in clinical and haematological remission. Eighteen were treated with combined systemic chemotherapy (24-36 months) and the other ten, who had testicular leukemic infiltrates, received chemotherapy (38-60 months) and testicular radiotherapy (2 000 rad). Plasma levels of LH and FSH were measured before and after stimulation with LHRH (100 micrograms i.v.) and plasma levels of testosterone before and after stimulation with hCG (1 500 IU/48 h/7 doses). In patients treated with chemotherapy alone, mean basal LH and FSH, mean responses to LHRH stimulation and mean testosterone levels after stimulation with hCG did not significantly differ from those of the controls. Five of these patients who had normal testosterone values after three doses of hCG had testosterone values below the normal range after seven doses. In patients treated with chemotherapy and testicular radiotherapy, mean basal FSH and mean responses to LHRH stimulation were significantly higher than those of the controls. Testosterone values after stimulation with hCG were low in three and very low in the other seven. In both groups of patients data from testicular biopsies were consistent with functional results. We conclude that chemotherapy causes slight testicular damage, but chemotherapy and testicular radiotherapy produce severe testicular damage in patients with testicular leukemic infiltrates.
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Moragas A, Toran N. Image analysis of neuroblastomas-discrimination of prognostic patterns. Diagn Histopathol 1982; 5:53-7. [PMID: 7067591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In a series of 52 neuroblastomas with a three-year follow-up textural analysis by means of sequential transformation of the image enabled us to establish a prognostic stratification of the cases taking the value of the specific area at the tenth closure as a discriminant of the grade of differentiation. The curves obtained plotting the closing function mainly yield information on the size distribution and characteristics of the intercellular stroma, which largely corresponds to the neurofibrillar set. The correlation between the specific area at the tenth closure and the age of the children prompt us to consider two different trends in neuroblastomas, those which invariably lead to death and whose grade of differentiation bears no correlation with the outcome, and those which undergo spontaneous or treatment-induced regression, and whose maturity has a linear relationship with the age of the child at diagnosis.
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Enriquez G, Garcia-Peña P, Lucaya J, Herrera M, Toran N. Congenital diverticuli of the anterior urethra. Ann Radiol (Paris) 1978; 21:207-14. [PMID: 98091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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