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Waszczak C, Yarmolinsky D, Leal Gavarrón M, Vahisalu T, Sierla M, Zamora O, Carter R, Puukko T, Sipari N, Lamminmäki A, Durner J, Ernst D, Winkler JB, Paulin L, Auvinen P, Fleming AJ, Andersson MX, Kollist H, Kangasjärvi J. Synthesis and import of GDP-l-fucose into the Golgi affect plant-water relations. New Phytol 2024; 241:747-763. [PMID: 37964509 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Land plants evolved multiple adaptations to restrict transpiration. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not sufficiently understood. We used an ozone-sensitivity forward genetics approach to identify Arabidopsis thaliana mutants impaired in gas exchange regulation. High water loss from detached leaves and impaired decrease of leaf conductance in response to multiple stomata-closing stimuli were identified in a mutant of MURUS1 (MUR1), an enzyme required for GDP-l-fucose biosynthesis. High water loss observed in mur1 was independent from stomatal movements and instead could be linked to metabolic defects. Plants defective in import of GDP-l-Fuc into the Golgi apparatus phenocopied the high water loss of mur1 mutants, linking this phenotype to Golgi-localized fucosylation events. However, impaired fucosylation of xyloglucan, N-linked glycans, and arabinogalactan proteins did not explain the aberrant water loss of mur1 mutants. Partial reversion of mur1 water loss phenotype by borate supplementation and high water loss observed in boron uptake mutants link mur1 gas exchange phenotypes to pleiotropic consequences of l-fucose and boron deficiency, which in turn affect mechanical and morphological properties of stomatal complexes and whole-plant physiology. Our work emphasizes the impact of fucose metabolism and boron uptake on plant-water relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Waszczak
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Marina Leal Gavarrón
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Triin Vahisalu
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Sierla
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olena Zamora
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ross Carter
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB2 1LR, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tuomas Puukko
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Sipari
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Viikki Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Airi Lamminmäki
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jörg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Ernst
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - J Barbro Winkler
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lars Paulin
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Auvinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrew J Fleming
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mats X Andersson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaakko Kangasjärvi
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
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Azoulay-Shemer T, Schulze S, Nissan-Roda D, Bosmans K, Shapira O, Weckwerth P, Zamora O, Yarmolinsky D, Trainin T, Kollist H, Huffaker A, Rappel WJ, Schroeder JI. A role for ethylene signaling and biosynthesis in regulating and accelerating CO 2 - and abscisic acid-mediated stomatal movements in Arabidopsis. New Phytol 2023; 238:2460-2475. [PMID: 36994603 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about long-distance mesophyll-driven signals that regulate stomatal conductance. Soluble and/or vapor-phase molecules have been proposed. In this study, the involvement of the gaseous signal ethylene in the modulation of stomatal conductance in Arabidopsis thaliana by CO2 /abscisic acid (ABA) was examined. We present a diffusion model which indicates that gaseous signaling molecule/s with a shorter/direct diffusion pathway to guard cells are more probable for rapid mesophyll-dependent stomatal conductance changes. We, therefore, analyzed different Arabidopsis ethylene-signaling and biosynthesis mutants for their ethylene production and kinetics of stomatal responses to ABA/[CO2 ]-shifts. According to our research, higher [CO2 ] causes Arabidopsis rosettes to produce more ethylene. An ACC-synthase octuple mutant with reduced ethylene biosynthesis exhibits dysfunctional CO2 -induced stomatal movements. Ethylene-insensitive receptor (gain-of-function), etr1-1 and etr2-1, and signaling, ein2-5 and ein2-1, mutants showed intact stomatal responses to [CO2 ]-shifts, whereas loss-of-function ethylene receptor mutants, including etr2-3;ein4-4;ers2-3, etr1-6;etr2-3 and etr1-6, showed markedly accelerated stomatal responses to [CO2 ]-shifts. Further investigation revealed a significantly impaired stomatal closure to ABA in the ACC-synthase octuple mutant and accelerated stomatal responses in the etr1-6;etr2-3, and etr1-6, but not in the etr2-3;ein4-4;ers2-3 mutants. These findings suggest essential functions of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling components in tuning/accelerating stomatal conductance responses to CO2 and ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Azoulay-Shemer
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
- Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Sebastian Schulze
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Dikla Nissan-Roda
- Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Krystal Bosmans
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Or Shapira
- Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Philipp Weckwerth
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Olena Zamora
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Dmitry Yarmolinsky
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Taly Trainin
- Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Alisa Huffaker
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Wouter-Jan Rappel
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Julian I Schroeder
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
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Zamora O, Schulze S, Azoulay-Shemer T, Parik H, Unt J, Brosché M, Schroeder JI, Yarmolinsky D, Kollist H. Jasmonic acid and salicylic acid play minor roles in stomatal regulation by CO 2 , abscisic acid, darkness, vapor pressure deficit and ozone. Plant J 2021; 108:134-150. [PMID: 34289193 PMCID: PMC8842987 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) regulate stomatal closure, preventing pathogen invasion into plants. However, to what extent abscisic acid (ABA), SA and JA interact, and what the roles of SA and JA are in stomatal responses to environmental cues, remains unclear. Here, by using intact plant gas-exchange measurements in JA and SA single and double mutants, we show that stomatal responsiveness to CO2 , light intensity, ABA, high vapor pressure deficit and ozone either did not or, for some stimuli only, very slightly depended upon JA and SA biosynthesis and signaling mutants, including dde2, sid2, coi1, jai1, myc2 and npr1 alleles. Although the stomata in the mutants studied clearly responded to ABA, CO2 , light and ozone, ABA-triggered stomatal closure in npr1-1 was slightly accelerated compared with the wild type. Stomatal reopening after ozone pulses was quicker in the coi1-16 mutant than in the wild type. In intact Arabidopsis plants, spraying with methyl-JA led to only a modest reduction in stomatal conductance 80 min after treatment, whereas ABA and CO2 induced pronounced stomatal closure within minutes. We could not document a reduction of stomatal conductance after spraying with SA. Coronatine-induced stomatal opening was initiated slowly after 1.5-2.0 h, and reached a maximum by 3 h after spraying intact plants. Our results suggest that ABA, CO2 and light are major regulators of rapid guard cell signaling, whereas JA and SA could play only minor roles in the whole-plant stomatal response to environmental cues in Arabidopsis and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Zamora
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Sebastian Schulze
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tamar Azoulay-Shemer
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel, and
| | - Helen Parik
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Jaanika Unt
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, PO Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Julian I. Schroeder
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dmitry Yarmolinsky
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
- For correspondence ()
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu 50411, Estonia
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Vuorinen K, Zamora O, Vaahtera L, Overmyer K, Brosché M. Dissecting Contrasts in Cell Death, Hormone, and Defense Signaling in Response to Botrytis cinerea and Reactive Oxygen Species. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2021; 34:75-87. [PMID: 33006531 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-20-0202-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants require interaction between signaling pathways to differentiate and integrate stress responses and deploy appropriate defenses. The hormones ethylene, salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) are important regulators of plant defenses. Numerous interactions between these signaling pathways are the cornerstone of robust plant immunity. Additionally, during the early response to pathogens, reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signaling molecules. Here, we examined the extent of signal interaction in the early stages of Botrytis cinerea infection. To enable a comparison between B. cinerea infection with ROS signaling, we subjected plants to ozone treatment, which stimulates an apoplastic ROS burst. We used a collection of single, double, and triple signaling mutants defective in hormone signaling and biosynthesis and subjected them to B. cinerea infection and ozone treatment at different timepoints. We examined lesion size, cell death, and gene expression (both quantitatively and spatially). The two treatments shared many similarities, especially in JA-insensitive mutants, which were sensitive to both treatments. Unexpectedly, a B. cinerea-susceptible JA-insensitive mutant (coi1), became tolerant when both SA biosynthesis and signaling was impaired (coi1 npr1 sid2), demonstrating that JA responses may be under the control of SA. Extensive marker gene analysis indicated JA as the main regulator of both B. cinerea and ozone defenses. In addition, we identified the transcription factor SR1 as a crucial regulator of PLANT DEFENSIN expression and cell-death regulation, which contributes to resistance to B. cinerea. Overall, our work further defines the context of ROS in plant defense signaling.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katariina Vuorinen
- Viikki Plant Science Centre and Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00013 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olena Zamora
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lauri Vaahtera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kirk Overmyer
- Viikki Plant Science Centre and Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00013 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Viikki Plant Science Centre and Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00013 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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Kalliola M, Jakobson L, Davidsson P, Pennanen V, Waszczak C, Yarmolinsky D, Zamora O, Palva ET, Kariola T, Kollist H, Brosché M. Differential role of MAX2 and strigolactones in pathogen, ozone, and stomatal responses. Plant Direct 2020; 4:e00206. [PMID: 32128474 PMCID: PMC7047155 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones are a group of phytohormones that control developmental processes including shoot branching and various plant-environment interactions in plants. We previously showed that the strigolactone perception mutant more axillary branches 2 (max2) has increased susceptibility to plant pathogenic bacteria. Here we show that both strigolactone biosynthesis (max3 and max4) and perception mutants (max2 and dwarf14) are significantly more sensitive to Pseudomonas syringae DC3000. Moreover, in response to P. syringae infection, high levels of SA accumulated in max2 and this mutant was ozone sensitive. Further analysis of gene expression revealed no major role for strigolactone in regulation of defense gene expression. In contrast, guard cell function was clearly impaired in max2 and depending on the assay used, also in max3, max4, and d14 mutants. We analyzed stomatal responses to stimuli that cause stomatal closure. While the response to abscisic acid (ABA) was not impaired in any of the mutants, the response to darkness and high CO2 was impaired in max2 and d14-1 mutants, and to CO2 also in strigolactone synthesis (max3, max4) mutants. To position the role of MAX2 in the guard cell signaling network, max2 was crossed with mutants defective in ABA biosynthesis or signaling. This revealed that MAX2 acts in a signaling pathway that functions in parallel to the guard cell ABA signaling pathway. We propose that the impaired defense responses of max2 are related to higher stomatal conductance that allows increased entry of bacteria or air pollutants like ozone. Furthermore, as MAX2 appears to act in a specific branch of guard cell signaling (related to CO2 signaling), this protein could be one of the components that allow guard cells to distinguish between different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalliola
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesViikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Pär Davidsson
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesViikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Ville Pennanen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesViikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Cezary Waszczak
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research ProgrammeFaculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesViikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Olena Zamora
- Institute of TechnologyUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - E. Tapio Palva
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesViikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Tarja Kariola
- LUMA Centre Päijät‐HämeUniversity of HelsinkiLahtiFinland
| | | | - Mikael Brosché
- Institute of TechnologyUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research ProgrammeFaculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesViikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
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Alam S, Albareti FD, Prieto CA, Anders F, Anderson SF, Anderton T, Andrews BH, Armengaud E, Aubourg É, Bailey S, Basu S, Bautista JE, Beaton RL, Beers TC, Bender CF, Berlind AA, Beutler F, Bhardwaj V, Bird JC, Bizyaev D, Blake CH, Blanton MR, Blomqvist M, Bochanski JJ, Bolton AS, Bovy J, Bradley AS, Brandt WN, Brauer DE, Brinkmann J, Brown PJ, Brownstein JR, Burden A, Burtin E, Busca NG, Cai Z, Capozzi D, Rosell AC, Carr MA, Carrera R, Chambers KC, Chaplin WJ, Chen YC, Chiappini C, Chojnowski SD, Chuang CH, Clerc N, Comparat J, Covey K, Croft RAC, Cuesta AJ, Cunha K, Costa LND, Rio ND, Davenport JRA, Dawson KS, Lee ND, Delubac T, Deshpande R, Dhital S, Dutra-Ferreira L, Dwelly T, Ealet A, Ebelke GL, Edmondson EM, Eisenstein DJ, Ellsworth T, Elsworth Y, Epstein CR, Eracleous M, Escoffier S, Esposito M, Evans ML, Fan X, Fernández-Alvar E, Feuillet D, Ak NF, Finley H, Finoguenov A, Flaherty K, Fleming SW, Font-Ribera A, Foster J, Frinchaboy PM, Galbraith-Frew JG, García RA, García-Hernández DA, Pérez AEG, Gaulme P, Ge J, Génova-Santos R, Georgakakis A, Ghezzi L, Gillespie BA, Girardi L, Goddard D, Gontcho SGA, Hernández JIG, Grebel EK, Green PJ, Grieb JN, Grieves N, Gunn JE, Guo H, Harding P, Hasselquist S, Hawley SL, Hayden M, Hearty FR, Hekker S, Ho S, Hogg DW, Holley-Bockelmann K, Holtzman JA, Honscheid K, Huber D, Huehnerhoff J, Ivans II, Jiang L, Johnson JA, Kinemuchi K, Kirkby D, Kitaura F, Klaene MA, Knapp GR, Kneib JP, Koenig XP, Lam CR, Lan TW, Lang D, Laurent P, Goff JML, Leauthaud A, Lee KG, Lee YS, Licquia TC, Liu J, Long DC, López-Corredoira M, Lorenzo-Oliveira D, Lucatello S, Lundgren B, Lupton RH, III CEM, Mahadevan S, Maia MAG, Majewski SR, Malanushenko E, Malanushenko V, Manchado A, Manera M, Mao Q, Maraston C, Marchwinski RC, Margala D, Martell SL, Martig M, Masters KL, Mathur S, McBride CK, McGehee PM, McGreer ID, McMahon RG, Ménard B, Menzel ML, Merloni A, Mészáros S, Miller AA, Miralda-Escudé J, Miyatake H, Montero-Dorta AD, More S, Morganson E, Morice-Atkinson X, Morrison HL, Mosser B, Muna D, Myers AD, Nandra K, Newman JA, Neyrinck M, Nguyen DC, Nichol RC, Nidever DL, Noterdaeme P, Nuza SE, O’Connell JE, O’Connell RW, O’Connell R, Ogando RLC, Olmstead MD, Oravetz AE, Oravetz DJ, Osumi K, Owen R, Padgett DL, Padmanabhan N, Paegert M, Palanque-Delabrouille N, Pan K, Parejko JK, Pâris I, Park C, Pattarakijwanich P, Pellejero-Ibanez M, Pepper J, Percival WJ, Pérez-Fournon I, Pe´rez-Ra`fols I, Petitjean P, Pieri MM, Pinsonneault MH, Mello GFPD, Prada F, Prakash A, Price-Whelan AM, Protopapas P, Raddick MJ, Rahman M, Reid BA, Rich J, Rix HW, Robin AC, Rockosi CM, Rodrigues TS, Rodríguez-Torres S, Roe NA, Ross AJ, Ross NP, Rossi G, Ruan JJ, Rubiño-Martín JA, Rykoff ES, Salazar-Albornoz S, Salvato M, Samushia L, Sánchez AG, Santiago B, Sayres C, Schiavon RP, Schlegel DJ, Schmidt SJ, Schneider DP, Schultheis M, Schwope AD, Scóccola CG, Scott C, Sellgren K, Seo HJ, Serenelli A, Shane N, Shen Y, Shetrone M, Shu Y, Aguirre VS, Sivarani T, Skrutskie MF, Slosar A, Smith VV, Sobreira F, Souto D, Stassun KG, Steinmetz M, Stello D, Strauss MA, Streblyanska A, Suzuki N, Swanson MEC, Tan JC, Tayar J, Terrien RC, Thakar AR, Thomas D, Thomas N, Thompson BA, Tinker JL, Tojeiro R, Troup NW, Vargas-Magaña M, Vazquez JA, Verde L, Viel M, Vogt NP, Wake DA, Wang J, Weaver BA, Weinberg DH, Weiner BJ, White M, Wilson JC, Wisniewski JP, Wood-Vasey WM, Ye`che C, York DG, Zakamska NL, Zamora O, Zasowski G, Zehavi I, Zhao GB, Zheng Z, Zhou (周旭) X, Zhou (周志民) Z, Zou (邹虎) H, Zhu G. THE ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH DATA RELEASES OF THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY: FINAL DATA FROM SDSS-III. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/219/1/12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1609] [Impact Index Per Article: 178.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Prado B, Fuentes M, Verhulst N, Govaerts B, De León F, Zamora O. Fate of atrazine in a soil under different agronomic management practices. J Environ Sci Health B 2014; 49:844-855. [PMID: 25190559 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2014.938555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural management affects the movement of atrazine in soil and leaching to groundwater. The objective of this study was to determine atrazine adsorption in a soil after 20 years of atrazine application under agronomic management practices differing in tillage practice (conventional and zero tillage), residue management (with and without residue retention) and crop rotation (wheat-maize rotation and maize monoculture). Atrazine sorption was determined using batch and column experiments. In the batch experiment, the highest distribution coefficient Kd (1.1 L kg(-1)) at 0-10 cm soil depth was observed under zero tillage, crop rotation and residue retention (conservation agriculture). The key factor in adsorption was soil organic matter content and type. This was confirmed in the column experiment, in which the highest Kd values were observed in treatments with residue retention, under either zero or conventional tillage (0.81 and 0.68 L kg(-1), respectively). Under zero tillage, the fact that there was no soil movement helped to increase the Kd. The increased soil organic matter content with conservation agriculture may be more important than preferential flow due to higher pore connectivity in the same system. The soil's capacity to adsorb 2-hydroxyatrazine (HA), an important atrazine metabolite, was more important than its capacity to adsorb atrazine, and was similar under all four management practices (Kd ranged from 30 to 40 L kg(-1)). The HA adsorption was attributed to the type and amount of clay in the soil, which is unaffected by agronomic management. Soils under conservation agriculture had higher atrazine retention potential than soils under conventional tillage, the system that predominates in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Prado
- a Instituto de Geología, UNAM , Ciudad Universitaria , México , D.F. , Mexico
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Zamora O, Merhav HJ. Saphenous vein eversion: a novel technique for Hickman catheter insertion. J Vasc Access 2006; 6:25-8. [PMID: 16552679 DOI: 10.1177/112972980500600106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Saphenous eversion Hickman catheter insertion can provide an alternative technique for venous access in patients in whom upper body access is not feasible. The technique is simple and obviates many of the complications of upper body permanent venous access catheter insertion. Further experience is required to assess whether this technique can become one of the standard Hickman insertion techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Zamora
- Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Souraski Medical Center, Tel Aviv Sackler School of Medicine
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Rojas N, Zamora O, Cascante J, Garita D, Moreno E. Comparison of the antibody response in adult cattle against different epitopes of Brucella abortus lipopolysaccharide. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2001; 48:623-9. [PMID: 11708681 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2001.00476.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The comparison of serological responses in a sample of adult, vaccinated and held-infected bovines with Brucella abortus is reported. Indirect enzyme immunoassav (EIA) titration curves and Western blotting tests for smooth-type lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS), rough-type LPS (R-LPS) and lipid A were performed. In the initial screening of sera, an overall prevalence of 20.5% was found, which corresponds to a country with a high incidence of brucellosis. End-point EIA titres against LPS antigens from vaccinated and field-infected cows were not significantly different. However, the absorbance values in the titration curves were significantly higher for S-LPS as compared with the other antigens. A high correlation coefficient (r = 0.933) was obtained when the titres to R-LPS versus lipid A were compared. Western blotting reactions of vaccinated and held-infected animals were indistinguishable. S-LPS, R-LPS and lipid A epitopes were recognized in a heterogeneous manner. In general, the number of bovines that reacted against LPS was higher in the field-infected group, with a stronger binding to S-LPS. Based on our observations, the vaccinated and field-infected bovines are capable of producing similar antibody responses to the Brucella main outer surface antigen, LPS. It should be emphasized that the humoral response of cattle to Brucella LPS contains significant amounts of antibodies to other antigenic moieties of this important surface molecule, which may contribute to the immunity to brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rojas
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José
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