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Puranik R, Tann O, Occleshaw C, Celermajer D, Grigg L, Bullock A, Chen S, Ugander M, Cordina R, Ayer J. CMRI in Congenital Heart Disease Patients: Concerns Over Patient Safety Because of Inadequate Accreditation Procedures for MRI Scanning and Reporting. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 30:e86-e87. [PMID: 33637419 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Puranik
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital & Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sylvia Chen
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Queensland, Epworth Healthcare, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Julian Ayer
- Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney, Australia
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Steeden JA, Kowalik GT, Tann O, Hughes M, Mortensen KH, Muthurangu V. Real-time assessment of right and left ventricular volumes and function in children using high spatiotemporal resolution spiral bSSFP with compressed sensing. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2018; 20:79. [PMID: 30518390 PMCID: PMC6282387 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-018-0500-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) assessment of ventricular volumes and function enables data acquisition during free-breathing. The requirement for high spatiotemporal resolution in children necessitates the use of highly accelerated imaging techniques. METHODS A novel real-time balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) spiral sequence reconstructed using Compressed Sensing (CS) was prospectively validated against the breath-hold clinical standard for assessment of ventricular volumes in 60 children with congenital heart disease. Qualitative image scoring, quantitative image quality, as well as evaluation of biventricular volumes was performed. Standard BH and real-time measures were compared using the paired t-test and agreement for volumetric measures were evaluated using Bland Altman analysis. RESULTS Acquisition time for the entire short axis stack (~ 13 slices) using the spiral real-time technique was ~ 20 s, compared to ~ 348 s for the standard breath hold technique. Qualitative scores reflected more residual aliasing artefact (p < 0.001) and lower edge definition (p < 0.001) in spiral real-time images than standard breath hold images, with lower quantitative edge sharpness and estimates of image contrast (p < 0.001). There was a small but statistically significant (p < 0.05) overestimation of left ventricular (LV) end-systolic volume (1.0 ± 3.5 mL), and underestimation of LV end-diastolic volume (- 1.7 ± 4.6 mL), LV stroke volume (- 2.6 ± 4.8 mL) and LV ejection fraction (- 1.5 ± 3.0%) using the real-time technique. We also observed a small underestimation of right ventricular stroke volume (- 1.8 ± 4.9 mL) and ejection fraction (- 1.4 ± 3.7%) using the real-time imaging technique. No difference in inter-observer or intra-observer variability were observed between the BH and real-time sequences. CONCLUSIONS Real-time bSSFP imaging using spiral trajectories combined with a compressed sensing reconstruction showed good agreement for quantification of biventricular metrics in children with heart disease, despite slightly lower image quality. This technique holds the potential for free breathing data acquisition, with significantly shorter scan times in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Steeden
- UCL Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 30 Guildford Street, London, WC1N 1EH UK
| | - Grzegorz T. Kowalik
- UCL Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 30 Guildford Street, London, WC1N 1EH UK
| | - Oliver Tann
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH UK
| | - Marina Hughes
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH UK
| | - Kristian H. Mortensen
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH UK
| | - Vivek Muthurangu
- UCL Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 30 Guildford Street, London, WC1N 1EH UK
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Abstract
Cardiovascular CT (CCT) is an important imaging modality in congenital and acquired paediatric heart disease. Technological advances have resulted in marked improvements in spatial and temporal resolution of CCT with a concomitant increase in speed of data acquisition and a decrease in radiation dose. This has elevated CCT from being sparingly used to an essential diagnostic tool in the daily multimodality imaging practice alongside echocardiography, cardiovascular MR and invasive angiography. The application of CCT in paediatric congenital and acquired heart disease can be both technically and diagnostically challenging. This review highlights important considerations for current state of the art CCT across the spectrum of heart disease encountered in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian H Mortensen
- 1 Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK
| | - Oliver Tann
- 1 Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust , London , UK
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Ntsinjana HN, Tann O, Hughes M, Derrick G, Secinaro A, Schievano S, Muthurangu V, Taylor AM. Utility of adenosine stress perfusion CMR to assess paediatric coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 18:898-905. [PMID: 27461210 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jew151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), using adenosine stress perfusion and late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE), is becoming the 'gold standard' non-invasive imaging modality in the assessment of adults with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, despite its proved feasibility in paediatric patients, clinical utility has not been demonstrated. Therefore, this study aims to establish the role of adenosine stress perfusion CMR as a screening test in paediatric patients with acquired or congenital CAD. Methods and results A total of 58 paediatric patients underwent 61 consecutive clinically indicated coronary artery assessments for diagnostic and clinical decision-making purposes. The diagnosis was based on X-ray or computed tomography coronary angiography for anatomy, adenosine stress CMR imaging for myocardial perfusion and LGE for tissue characterization. Two studies were aborted because of unwanted side effects of adenosine stress, thus 59 studies were completed in 56 patients [median age 14.1 years (interquartile range 10.9-16.2)]. When compared with coronary anatomical imaging, adenosine stress perfusion CMR performed as follows: sensitivity 100% (95% confidence interval, CI: 71.6-100%), specificity 98% (95% CI: 86.7-99.9%), positive predictive value (PPV) 92.9% (95% CI: 64.2-99.6%), and negative predictive value 100% (95% CI: 89.9-100%). Conclusion In paediatric CAD, adenosine stress perfusion CMR imaging is adequate as an initial, non-invasive screening test for the identification of significant coronary artery lesions, with anatomical imaging used to confirm the extent of the culprit lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hopewell N Ntsinjana
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.,Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, Level 7, Nurses Home, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK.,Deparetment of Paediatrics, Paediatric Cardiology Division, CH Baragwanath Academic Hospital and University of the Wiwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Oliver Tann
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.,Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, Level 7, Nurses Home, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Marina Hughes
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.,Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, Level 7, Nurses Home, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Graham Derrick
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, Level 7, Nurses Home, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Aurelio Secinaro
- Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Schievano
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.,Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, Level 7, Nurses Home, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Vivek Muthurangu
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.,Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, Level 7, Nurses Home, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Andrew M Taylor
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.,Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, Level 7, Nurses Home, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
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Krupickova S, Muthurangu V, Hughes M, Tann O, Carr M, Christov G, Awat R, Taylor A, Marek J. Echocardiographic arterial measurements in complex congenital diseases before bidirectional Glenn: comparison with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 18:332-341. [PMID: 27099275 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jew069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study sought to investigate diagnostic accuracy of echocardiographic measures of great vessels in patients before bidirectional cavopulmonary connection (BCPC) compared with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods and results Seventy-two patients (61% after Norwood operation) undergoing BCPC between 2007 and 2012 were assessed pre-operatively using echocardiography and CMR. Bland-Altman analysis and correlation coefficients were used for comparison of echocardiography and CMR measurements. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated to assess the ability of echocardiography to detect vessel stenosis. Twenty-four percent of all vessel measurements could not be made by echocardiography due to poor image quality. Acquisition of unsatisfactory images was higher in non-sedated patients. Although there was a reasonable correlation (0.68-0.90) and low bias (-0.8 to 0.5), there were wide limits of agreement between echocardiography and CMR demonstrating poor agreement. Sensitivity and specificity for pulmonary branches were moderate [sensitivity for right pulmonary artery (RPA) 67%, left pulmonary artery (LPA) 54%, specificity for RPA 65%, LPA 72%] with low levels of accuracy (RPA and LPA 42%). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were better for aorta (82, 86, and 63%, respectively). Conclusion This study demonstrates modest agreement between echocardiographic and CMR measures of vessel diameter and stenosis detection. Approximately a quarter of all vessel segments could not be measured using echocardiography due to poor image quality, which was significantly lower in non-sedated patients. These findings show that echocardiography cannot substitute CMR for reliable identification of great vessel stenoses in complex patients prior to the BCPC, particularly those with Blalock-Taussig shunts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Krupickova
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Vivek Muthurangu
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK.,Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science London, London, UK
| | - Marina Hughes
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Oliver Tann
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Michelle Carr
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Georgi Christov
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Ram Awat
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Andrew Taylor
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK.,Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science London, London, UK
| | - Jan Marek
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK.,Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science London, London, UK
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Hughes M, Krupickova S, Dominguez T, Broadhead M, Tann O, McEwan A, Muthurangu V, Taylor A. Cardiac MR-derived indices are stronger predictors of resource use and risk than jugular venous pressure, in paediatric patients with functionally single ventricles, prior to completion of total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2015. [PMCID: PMC4328431 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-17-s1-o56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Steeden JA, Pandya B, Tann O, Muthurangu V. Free breathing contrast-enhanced time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography in congenital heart disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2015. [PMCID: PMC4328261 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-17-s1-o65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Steeden JA, Pandya B, Tann O, Muthurangu V. Free breathing contrast-enhanced time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography in pediatric and adult congenital heart disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2015; 17:38. [PMID: 25997552 PMCID: PMC4490694 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-015-0138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is generally performed during a long breath-hold (BH), limiting its utility in infants and small children. This study proposes a free-breathing (FB) time resolved MRA (TRA) technique for use in pediatric and adult congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS A TRA sequence was developed by combining spiral trajectories with sensitivity encoding (SENSE, x4 kx-ky and x2 kz) and partial Fourier (75% in kz). As no temporal data sharing is used, an independent 3D data set was acquired every ~1.3s, with acceptable spatial resolution (~2.3x2.3x2.3 mm). The technique was tested during FB over 50 consecutive volumes. Conventional BH-MRA and FB-TRA data was acquired in 45 adults and children with CHD. We calculated quantitative image quality for both sequences. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed in all patients from both sequences. Additionally, vessel measurements were made at the sinotubular junction (N = 43), proximal descending aorta (N = 43), descending aorta at the level of the diaphragm (N = 43), main pulmonary artery (N = 35), left pulmonary artery (N = 35) and the right pulmonary artery (N = 35). Intra and inter observer variability was assessed in a subset of 10 patients. RESULTS BH-MRA had significantly higher homogeneity in non-contrast enhancing tissue (coefficient of variance, P <0.0001), signal-to-noise ratio (P <0.0001), contrast-to-noise ratio (P <0.0001) and relative contrast (P = 0.02) compared to the FB-TRA images. However, homogeneity in the vessels was similar in both techniques (P = 0.52) and edge sharpness was significantly (P <0.0001) higher in FB-TRA compared to BH-MRA. BH-MRA provided overall diagnostic accuracy of 82%, and FB-TRA of 87%, with no statistical difference between the two sequences (P = 0.77). Vessel diameter measurements showed excellent agreement between the two techniques (r = 0.98, P <0.05), with no bias (0.0 mm, P = 0.71), and clinically acceptable limits of agreement (-2.7 to +2.8 mm). Inter and intra observer reproducibility showed good agreement of vessel diameters (r>0.988, P<0.0001), with negligible biases (between -0.2 and +0.1mm) and small limits of agreement (between -2.4 and +2.5mm). CONCLUSIONS We have described a FB-TRA technique that is shown to enable accurate diagnosis and vessel measures compared to conventional BH-MRA. This simplifies the MRA technique and will enable angiography to be performed in children and adults whom find breath-holding difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Steeden
- UCL Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University College London, 30 Guildford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Bejal Pandya
- UCL Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University College London, 30 Guildford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
- The Heart Hospital, University College London Hospital Foundation Trust, London, W1G 8PH, UK.
| | - Oliver Tann
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK.
| | - Vivek Muthurangu
- UCL Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University College London, 30 Guildford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK.
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Ntsinjana HN, Capelli C, Biglino G, Cook AC, Tann O, Derrick G, Taylor AM, Schievano S. 3D morphometric analysis of the arterial switch operation using in vivo MRI data. Clin Anat 2014; 27:1212-22. [DOI: 10.1002/ca.22458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hopewell N. Ntsinjana
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London; London United Kingdom
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - Claudio Capelli
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London; London United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Biglino
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London; London United Kingdom
| | - Andrew C. Cook
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London; London United Kingdom
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Tann
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London; London United Kingdom
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - Graham Derrick
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M. Taylor
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London; London United Kingdom
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Schievano
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London; London United Kingdom
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Petersen SE, Almeida AG, Alpendurada F, Boubertakh R, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Cosyns B, Greil GF, Karamitsos TD, Lancellotti P, Stefanidis AS, Tann O, Westwood M, Plein S. Update of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) Core Syllabus for the European Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Certification Exam. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 15:728-9. [PMID: 24855220 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An updated version of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) Core Syllabus for the European Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Certification Exam is now available online. The syllabus lists key elements of knowledge in CMR. It represents a framework for the development of training curricula and provides expected knowledge-based learning outcomes to the CMR trainees, in particular those intending to demonstrate CMR knowledge in the European CMR exam, a core requirement in the CMR certification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen E Petersen
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ana G Almeida
- Department of Cardiology, Non-invasive Cardiac Imaging Unit, University Hospital Santa Maria, Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francisco Alpendurada
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Trust and Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Redha Boubertakh
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci
- NIHR Bristol Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Bernard Cosyns
- Cardiology Department, CHIREC, UZ Brussel, ICMI (In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging) Laboratory, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gerald F Greil
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, The Rayne Institute, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Theodoros D Karamitsos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Patrizio Lancellotti
- GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, Departments of Cardiology, Heart Valve Clinic, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Oliver Tann
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London, UK
| | - Mark Westwood
- NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sven Plein
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, The Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Kowalik GT, Knight DS, Steeden JA, Tann O, Odille F, Atkinson D, Taylor A, Muthurangu V. Assessment of cardiac time intervals using high temporal resolution real-time spiral phase contrast with UNFOLDed-SENSE. Magn Reson Med 2014; 73:749-56. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz T. Kowalik
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science; Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging; London United Kingdom
| | - Daniel S. Knight
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science; Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging; London United Kingdom
- Division of Medicine; University College London; Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street London United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer A. Steeden
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science; Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging; London United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Tann
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science; Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging; London United Kingdom
- Cardiorespiratory Unit; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children; London United Kingdom
| | - Freddy Odille
- IADI; INSERM U947 Nancy France
- Université de Lorraine; Nancy France
| | - David Atkinson
- Centre for Medical Imaging; UCL Division of Medicine; London United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Taylor
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science; Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging; London United Kingdom
- Cardiorespiratory Unit; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children; London United Kingdom
| | - Vivek Muthurangu
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science; Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging; London United Kingdom
- Cardiorespiratory Unit; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children; London United Kingdom
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Kowalik GT, Knight DS, Steeden JA, Tann O, Odille F, Atkinson D, Taylor A, Muthurangu V. Assessment of cardiac time intervals using high temporal resolution real-time spiral phase contrast with UNFOLD-SENSE. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014. [PMCID: PMC4045129 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-16-s1-w15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Ntsinjana H, Tann O, Hughes M, Schievano S, Muthurangu V, Taylor A. Role of adenosine stress perfusion CMR in guiding clinical decision making in pediatric and congenital cardiology: a single pediatric center experience. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014. [PMCID: PMC4044728 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-16-s1-p128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Quail MA, Leong MC, Tann O, Hughes M, Muthurangu V, Taylor A. Determinants of right heart size and function in repaired Tetralogy of Fallot. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014. [PMCID: PMC4045471 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-16-s1-p127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Ntsinjana HN, Biglino G, Capelli C, Tann O, Giardini A, Derrick G, Schievano S, Taylor AM. Aortic arch shape is not associated with hypertensive response to exercise in patients with repaired congenital heart diseases. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013; 15:101. [PMID: 24219806 PMCID: PMC3833644 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-15-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic arch geometry is linked to abnormal blood pressure (BP) response to maximum exercise. This study aims to quantitatively assess whether aortic arch geometry plays a role in blood pressure (BP) response to exercise. METHODS 60 age- and BSA-matched subjects--20 post-aortic coarctation (CoA) repair, 20 transposition of great arteries post arterial switch operation (ASO) and 20 healthy controls--had a three-dimensional (3D), whole heart magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) at 1.5 Tesla, 3D geometric reconstructions created from the MRA. All subjects underwent cardiopulmonary exercise test on the same day as MRA using an ergometer cycle with manual BP measurements. Geometric analysis and their correlation with BP at peak exercise were assessed. RESULTS Arch curvature was similarly acute in both the post-CoA and ASO cases [0.05 ± 0.01 vs. 0.05 ± 0.01 (1/mm/m²); p = 1.0] and significantly different to that of normal healthy controls [0.05 ± 0.01 vs. 0.03 ± 0.01 (1/mm/m²), p < 0.001]. Indexed transverse arch cross sectional area were significantly abnormal in the post-CoA cases compared to the ASO cases (117.8 ± 47.7 vs. 221.3 ± 44.6; p < 0.001) and controls (117.8 ± 47.7 vs. 157.5 ± 27.2 mm²; p = 0.003). BP response to peak exercise did not correlate with arch curvature (r = 0.203, p = 0.120), but showed inverse correlation with indexed minimum cross sectional area of transverse arch and isthmus (r = -0.364, p = 0.004), and ratios of minimum arch area/ descending diameter (r = -0.491, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Transverse arch and isthmus hypoplasia, rather than acute arch angulation plays a role in the pathophysiology of BP response to peak exercise following CoA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hopewell N Ntsinjana
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science & Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Giovanni Biglino
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science & Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Claudio Capelli
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science & Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Oliver Tann
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science & Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Giardini
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science & Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Graham Derrick
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science & Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Silvia Schievano
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science & Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew M Taylor
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science & Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Trust, London, UK
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Level 7, Nurses Home, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK
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Abstract
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has significantly evolved over the last decade, becoming an integral part of the contemporary assessment of both congenital and acquired pediatric heart disease. Recent trends show that there is a growing interest in clinical applications and research in this field. An attempt to discuss the evolving technologies, techniques, and applications of CMR in pediatrics is not complete without understanding the current strengths of the modality. CMR complements readily available echocardiography, in many cases information from CMR can remove the need for invasive angiographic catheterization, and in other cases can be used to augment cardiac catheterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hopewell N Ntsinjana
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL
Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, London
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond
Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Oliver Tann
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL
Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, London
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond
Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Andrew M Taylor
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL
Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, London
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, Great Ormond
Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
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Tuo G, Khambadkone S, Tann O, Kostolny M, Derrick G, Tsang V, Sullivan I, Marek J. Obstructive left heart disease in neonates with a "borderline" left ventricle: diagnostic challenges to choosing the best outcome. Pediatr Cardiol 2013; 34:1567-76. [PMID: 23479308 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-013-0685-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In most newborns with left heart obstruction, the choice between a single-ventricle or biventricular management pathway is clear. However, in some neonates with a "borderline" left ventricle, this decision is difficult. Existing criteria do not reliably identify neonates who will have a good long-term outlook after biventricular repair (BVR). The objective of this study was prospective assessment of the outcome after BVR for newborns in whom the left ventricle (LV) was considered "borderline" by an expert group. This study was a prospective follow-up evaluation of neonates with obstructive left heart disease related to a "borderline" LV who underwent biventricular management between January 2005 and April 2011. Of 154 neonates who required intervention for left heart obstruction, 13 (7.8 %) met the echocardiographic (echo) inclusion criteria. At the first and last echo, the z-scores were respectively -1.76 ± 1.37 and -0.66 ± 1.47 (p = 0.013) for the mitral valve, -1.02 ± 1.57 and -0.23 ± 1.78 (p = 0.056) for the aortic valve, and 13.77 ± 5.8 and 20.85 ± 8.9 ml/m(2) (p = 0.006) for the LV end-diastolic volume. At this writing, all 12 survivors are clinically well. However, LV diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary artery hypertension was present in 5 (36 %) of 12 patients. Endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) was detected in five patients at the last follow-up echo, but only in two patients preoperatively. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging did not confirm EFE in any of assessed patients. The study authors could not reliably predict the outcome after BVR for neonates with left heart obstruction and a "borderline" LV. The presence of EFE with consequent diastolic dysfunction is more important than LV volume in determining the outcome. Prospective identification of EFE remains challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Tuo
- Cardiothoracic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, WC1N 3JH, London, UK,
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Pandya B, Kowalik GT, Knight DS, Tann O, Derrick G, Muthurangu V. Towards a more comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular fitness - magnetic resonance augmented cardiopulmonary exercise testing (MR-CPEX). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013. [PMCID: PMC3560009 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-15-s1-p58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Ciliberti P, Muthialu N, Tann O, Kostolny M, Marek J. Multimodality imaging of a rare complex vascular ring in an infant: left pulmonary sling associated with aorto-pulmonary window, aberrant right subclavian artery, and with complete tracheal rings. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60:e165. [PMID: 23257306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ciliberti
- Cardiothoracic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Odenwald T, Quail MA, Giardini A, Khambadkone S, Hughes M, Tann O, Hsia TY, Muthurangu V, Taylor AM. Systemic to pulmonary collateral blood flow influences early outcomes following the total cavopulmonary connection. Heart 2012; 98:934-40. [PMID: 22626901 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-301599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic to pulmonary collaterals (SPCs) represent an additional and unpredictable source of pulmonary blood flow in patients with single ventricle physiology following bidirectional superior cavopulmonary connection (BCPC). Understanding their influence on patient outcomes has been hampered by uncertainty about the optimal method of quantifying SPC flow. OBJECTIVE To quantify SPC flow by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) prior to total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) in order to identify preoperative risk factors and determine influence on postoperative outcomes. DESIGN Single centre prospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary referral centre. PATIENTS 65 patients with single ventricle physiology undergoing CMR for preoperative assessment of TCPC completion underwent quantification of SPC flow. Clinical outcomes of 41 patients in whom TCPC was completed were obtained. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Early post-TCPC clinical outcomes associated with SPC flow were assessed, including postoperative chest drainage volume, postoperative chest drainage duration and length of intensive care and hospital stays. Additionally preoperative covariates associated with SPC flow were assessed including age at BCPC and CMR, SpO(2) at BCPC and CMR, ventricle type, pulmonary artery (PA) cross-sectional area and PA pulsatility. Different methods of CMR SPC flow quantification were compared. RESULTS Higher SPC flow was associated with increased postoperative chest drain volume (r=0.51, p=0.001), chest drain duration (r=0.43, p=0.005), and intensive care unit (r=0.32, p=0.04) and log-transformed hospital stays (r=0.31, p=0.048). The effect of SPC flow on outcome was independent of fenestration, ventricle type and function. Preoperative covariates associated with SPC flow included age at BCPC (β=-0.34, p=0.008), SpO(2) at time of CMR (β=0.34, p=0.004) and branch PA cross-sectional area (β=-0.26, p=0.036), model R(2)=0.34. Moreover, patients with pulsatile pulmonary blood flow had lower SPC flow than those without (0.8 vs 1.3 l/min/m(2) p=0.012). SPC flow calculated by the difference between pulmonary venous return and pulmonary artery flow (l/min/m(2)) showed greatest association with preoperative covariates and strongest correlation with postoperative outcomes compared with other methods of quantification. CONCLUSIONS CMR can provide an effective measurement of SPC flow prior to TCPC. Young age at BCPC, high preoperative oxygen saturation and smaller PAs are associated with increased SPC flow, which may promote increased postoperative pleural drainage and lengthen recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Odenwald
- Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
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Secinaro A, Ntsinjana H, Muthurangu V, Tann O, Hughes ML, Tsang V, Taylor AM. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment in previously repaired ALCAPA. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2011. [PMCID: PMC3106569 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-13-s1-p192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Secinaro A, Ntsinjana H, Tann O, Schuler PK, Muthurangu V, Hughes M, Tsang V, Taylor AM. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings in repaired anomalous left coronary artery to pulmonary artery connection (ALCAPA). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2011; 13:27. [PMID: 21575211 PMCID: PMC3123558 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-13-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare coronary artery anomaly. This study shows the role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in assessing young patients following surgical repair of ALCAPA. METHODS 6 patients, aged 9-21 years, with repaired ALCAPA (2 Tackeuchi method, 4 direct re-implantation) underwent CMR because of clinical suspicion of myocardial ischemia. Imaging used short and long axis cine images (assess ventricular function), late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE) (detect segmental myocardial fibrosis), adenosine stress perfusion (detect reversible ischaemia) and 3D whole-heart imaging (visualize proximal coronary arteries). RESULTS The left ventricular (LV) global systolic function was preserved in all patients (mean LV ejection fraction = 62.7% ± 4.23%). The LV volumes were within the normal ranges, (mean indexed LVEDV = 75.4 ± 3.5 ml/m², LVESV = 31.6 ± 9.4 ml/m²). In 1 patient, hypokinesia of the anterior segments was visualized. Five patients showed sub-endocardial LGE involving the basal, antero-lateral wall and the anterior papillary muscle. Three patients had areas of reversible ischemia. In these 3, 3D whole-heart MRA showed that the proximal course of the left coronary artery was occluded (confirmed with cardiac catheterisation). CONCLUSIONS CMR is a good, non-invasive, radiation-free investigation in the post-surgical evaluation of ALCAPA. In referred patients we show that basal, antero-lateral sub-endocardial myocardial fibrosis is a characteristic finding. Furthermore, stress adenosine CMR perfusion, can identify reversible ischemia in this group, and was indicative of left coronary artery occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Secinaro
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
- Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Hopewell Ntsinjana
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Oliver Tann
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Pia K Schuler
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Vivek Muthurangu
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Marina Hughes
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Victor Tsang
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Andrew M Taylor
- Cardiorespiratory Unit, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences & Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
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Negus JJ, Gardner JJ, Tann O, Lewis S, Cohen AT. Thromboprophylaxis in major abdominal surgery for cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006; 32:911-6. [PMID: 16626920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2005] [Accepted: 03/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To review the epidemiology and pathogenesis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in surgical cancer patients, in addition to the use of thromboprophylaxis in major abdominal surgery, such as low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and fondaparinux. METHODS Systematic review of the literature, focussing on risk factors for VTE, parenteral methods of thromboprophylaxis, approaches to prolonged prophylaxis, and effects on patient survival. FINDINGS Patients with cancer undergoing abdominal surgery are at substantially higher risk for VTE than patients without cancer. Furthermore, prolonged thromboprophylaxis for up to 4 weeks is more effective than short-term administration in these high-risk patients. The concurrent use of graduated compression stockings has a synergistic effect on the reduction in VTE risk. CONCLUSIONS Thromboprophylaxis with LMWH has been shown to minimise the incidence of thromboembolic events, and is a well-established therapy worldwide. The American College of Chest Physicians recommends the routine use of thromboprophylaxis, with LMWH or unfractionated heparin, in patients with cancer who are undergoing surgical procedures, and the appropriate use of these thromboprophylactic agents has significant implications for the clinical care and quality of life of surgical patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Negus
- Vascular Diseases Research Group, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medicine, London SE5 9PJ, UK
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