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Ojogbede AK, Bamidele TA, Aina O, Raheem T, Okwuraiwe A, Amoo O, Osuolale KA, Oladele D, Salako A, Ige F, Musa AZ, Idigbe I, Anwoju F, Baruwa B, Abdur-Razzak H, Adebayo B, Wright K, Ohihoin A, Ezechi O, Audu R. Challenges in conducting population-based seroepidemiology survey of COVID-19 in Lagos State, Nigeria. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2559. [PMID: 38129816 PMCID: PMC10740330 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Population-based study is known to be a very essential type of study during and after a pandemic or epidemic, as it provides crucial information on the incidence, prevalence, and risk factors of the disease in question. There has been limited information about the challenges faced in conducting such surveys in Nigeria. In this paper, we will share our experience, and describe the challenges faced in conducting a population-based seroepidemiological study of COVID-19 in Lagos, Nigeria. Some challenges were peculiar to specific Local Government Areas (LGAs) while others were general. The challenges include general misconceptions of community members about health research, difficulties in mapping houses, planning for data collection, standardizing data collection, working in hard-to-reach communities when resources were limited as well as difficulty in collection of blood and naso-oropharyngeal swabs. Ways of overcoming these problems, lessons learnt, and recommendations are hereby discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Kayode Ojogbede
- Public Health and Epidemiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Tajudeen Akanji Bamidele
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwagbemiga Aina
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Toyosi Raheem
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Azuka Okwuraiwe
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Amoo
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - David Oladele
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abideen Salako
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fehintola Ige
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Zaidat Musa
- Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fatimah Anwoju
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Basit Baruwa
- Lagos Bureau of Statistics (LBS), Ministry of Economic Planning and Budget (MEPB), Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Hussein Abdur-Razzak
- Department of Research and Statistics, Lagos State Ministry of Health, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Bisola Adebayo
- Department of Community Health & Primary Health Care, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Kikelomo Wright
- Department of Community Health & Primary Health Care, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Aigbe Ohihoin
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oliver Ezechi
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Rosemary Audu
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
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Olukosi AY, Fowora M, Adeneye AK, Chukwu E, Aina O, Ajibaye O, James A, Gab-Okafor C, Holdbrooke SA, Ohihoin EN, Musa AZ, Amoo O, Showemimo O, Afolabi B, Ezechi OC, Salako BL. A survey of chloroquine use for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:83-92. [PMID: 37545970 PMCID: PMC10398476 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rampant chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine poisoning in Nigerian hospitals following suggestions of its possible efficacy in the treatment and prevention of the newly emerged COVID-19 disease informed this survey. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and perception of the Nigerian populace on the use of chloroquine in the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This cross-sectional study was done by administering an electronic questionnaire created using Google Docs, through social media cascade methods including the WhatsApp application software to capture data on chloroquine use between April 20 and June 20, 2020. RESULTS Six hundred and twenty-eight people responded to the questionnaire (response rate 99.2%, mean age 41.05 ± 12.3) from the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria with 556 (88.5%) having tertiary level education. Only 21 (3.3%) of the respondents took chloroquine for treatment or prevention. Respondents from the North-west geopolitical zones used chloroquine 5.8 (95% CI: 1.55, 21.52, p=0.02) more times than other zones while the age group 20-29 were 8.8 times more likely to use chloroquine than any other age group (95% CI: 3.53, 21.70, p = 0.00). Female respondents were 2.3 times more likely to use chloroquine than the males (OR 2.26 95% CI: 0.90-5.68; p=0.08) and those in the income bracket of N75,000-99,000, 2.5 times more than other income groups. CONCLUSION Young adults, North-western geopolitical zone, and female gender should be target groups for education on rational chloroquine use. The danger of chloroquine overdose should be communicated to the general population in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeola Yetunde Olukosi
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Muinah Fowora
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adeniyi Kazeem Adeneye
- Public Health and Epidemiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Emelda Chukwu
- Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwagbemiga Aina
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olusola Ajibaye
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ayorinde James
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Chidinma Gab-Okafor
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Susan Abiodun Holdbrooke
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Esther Ngozi Ohihoin
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Zaidat Musa
- Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Yaba, Lagos. Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Amoo
- Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Bamgboye Afolabi
- Health, Environment and Development Foundation, Surulere, Lagos State, Nigeria
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Jwanle P, Ibiloye O, Obaje M, Ngwoke K, Usha T, Amoo O, Ogunsola O, Okezie U, Olaitan R, Ofuche E, Onwuatuelo I, Samuels J, Fagbamigbe J, Nwagagbo F, Ogbanufe O, Okoye M, Okonkwo P. Accelerating HIV epidemic control in Benue state, Nigeria, 2019-2021: the APIN program experience. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2023; 10:20499361231153549. [PMID: 36814516 PMCID: PMC9940220 DOI: 10.1177/20499361231153549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As at 2019, Nigeria was ranked the fourth highest HIV burden in the world. There is varied geographical HIV prevalence in Nigeria. The progress made is inequitable across geographical locations and sub-populations (18). Benue state has the second highest HIV prevalence in Nigeria. In 2018, about 35,623 people living with HIV (PLHIV) were yet to commence antiretroviral treatment (ART) in the state, accounting for an estimated ART coverage gap of 11% out of the combined gap of 320,921 in the country. To close this gap, the Benue ART surge (BAS) was implemented. The aim of this study was to describe the BAS strategic approaches and demonstrate progress in expanding ART access for PLHIV in Benue State, Nigeria. Methods BAS was implemented in 252 health facilities from May 2019 to September 2021. Data were collected and reported using an Excel-based dashboard and electronic medical records. The trend of HIV case identification, ART initiation, viral load suppression rate, and rate of interruption in treatment during the BAS period was then described and analyzed. Results Out of 893,462 clients reached, 6.7% (n = 60,297) were diagnosed with HIV and 99.8% (n = 60,236) were initiated on ART. HIV case identification per month increased by 467% from 650 at baseline to a peak of 3685 in August 2020, and then declined by 35% to 2380 in September 2021. All new HIV-infected patients (100%) were linked to ART. Viral load testing coverage and viral load suppression rate increased from 30% (43,185/126,004) and 84% (n = 36,165/43,185) at baseline to 95% (n = 193,890/204,095) and 96% (185,785/193,890), respectively. Conclusion Implementation of the BAS improved access to comprehensive HIV services in Benue State. The increase in HIV case identification and ART initiation significantly reduced the HIV treatment gap in the state. To fast track the attainment of UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals, lessons learnt from the BAS should be adapted and scaled up in the national HIV program in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jwanle
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - O Ibiloye
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - K Ngwoke
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - T Usha
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - O Amoo
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - O Ogunsola
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - U Okezie
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - R Olaitan
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - E Ofuche
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - J Samuels
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - J Fagbamigbe
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - F Nwagagbo
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - O Ogbanufe
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - M Okoye
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - P Okonkwo
- APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria
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Esiovwa R, Rankin J, David A, Disu E, Wapmuk A, Amoo O. The Role of Multimicronutrient Supplementation in Pediatric HIV Management in Nigeria: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2021; 10:112-117. [PMID: 32202619 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piaa025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to compare the immunologic and hematologic effects of 3 multimicronutrient supplements in human immunodeficiency virus-positive children in Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS This double-blind, randomized controlled study included 190 children, aged 5-12 years, in Lagos, Nigeria. Sixty-four, 63, and 63 participants were assigned to multimicronutrient group A, B, or C, respectively, for 6 months. Supplements A, B, and C contained 7 micronutrients at the recommended daily allowance (RDA) (comparable to standard-of-care multivitamin), 22 micronutrients at the RDA, and 22 micronutrients at 3 times the recommended daily allowance (3RDA), respectively. Using paired sample t tests and factorial repeat-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), within- and between-group changes in CD4 count and hemoglobin levels were evaluated after 6 months. RESULTS After 6 months of supplementation, paired-sample t test showed that CD4 cell count did not significantly differ from baseline for all 3 groups. Between-subject effect also did not significantly differ in the 3 groups after 6 months (factorial repeat-measures ANOVA (F [degrees of freedom {df} = 2, 187] = 0.846; P = .436; partial η 2 = 0.009). Hemoglobin levels were significantly increased after supplementation in all 3 supplement groups. Increases were not significantly different between groups (factorial repeat-measures ANOVA (F [df = 2, 187] = 0.549; P = .591; partial η 2 = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Equivalent effects were observed. After 6 months of supplementation, mean CD4 count was not significantly different between groups. Hemoglobin concentration was significantly increased in all 3 groups, but increase did not differ between groups. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT02552602.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Esiovwa
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Jean Rankin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Agatha David
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth Disu
- Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Agatha Wapmuk
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Amoo
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
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Han S, Khan MHU, Yang Y, Zhu K, Li H, Zhu M, Amoo O, Khan SU, Fan C, Zhou Y. Identification and comprehensive analysis of the CLV3/ESR-related (CLE) gene family in Brassica napus L. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:709-721. [PMID: 32223006 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The CLE (CLAVATA3/ESR) gene family, encoding a group of small secretory peptides, plays important roles in cell-to-cell communication, thereby controlling a broad spectrum of development processes. The CLE family has been systematically characterized in some plants, but not in Brassica napus. In the present study, 116 BnCLE genes were identified in the B. napus genome, including seven unannotated, six incorrectly predicted and five multi-CLE domain-encoding genes. These BnCLE members were separated into seven distinct groups based on phylogenetic analysis, which might facilitate the functional characterization of the peptides. Further characterization of CLE pre-propeptides revealed 31 unique CLE peptides from 45 BnCLE genes, which may give rise to distinct roles of BnCLE and expansion of the gene family. The biological activity of these unique CLE dodecamer peptides was tested further through in vitro peptide assays. Variations in several important residues were identified as key contributors to the functional differentiation of BnCLE and expansion of the gene family in B. napus. Expression profile analysis helped to characterize possible functional redundancy and sub-functionalization among the BnCLE members. This study presents a comprehensive overview of the CLE gene family in B. napus and provides a foundation for future evolutionary and functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Han
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - M H U Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - K Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - M Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - O Amoo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - S U Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - C Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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