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Fowora MA, Aiyedogbon A, Omolopo I, Tajudeen AO, Onyeaghasiri F, Edu-Muyideen I, Olanlege ALO, Abioye A, Bamidele TA, Raheem T, Adesesan A, Iwalokun B, Salako BL. Nasal carriage of virulent and multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a possible comorbidity of COVID-19. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:665. [PMID: 38777940 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09578-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) associated with COVID-19 has not been well documented. This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between nasal S. aureus carriage and COVID-19. METHODS AND RESULTS Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 391 participants presenting for COVID-19 test in Lagos, Nigeria, and S. aureus was isolated from the samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by disc diffusion method. All S. aureus isolates were screened for the presence of mecA, panton-valentine leucocidin (PVL) and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction. Staphylococcal protein A (spa) typing was conducted for all the isolates. Participants with COVID-19 had double the prevalence of S. aureus (42.86%) compared to those who tested negative (20.54%). A significant association was seen between S. aureus nasal carriage and COVID-19 (p = 0.004). Antimicrobial sensitivity results showed resistance to oxacillin (100%), cefoxitin (53%), and vancomycin (98.7%). However, only 41% of the isolates harbored the mecA gene, with SCCmecV being the most common SCCmec type. There was no association between the carriage of virulence genes and COVID-19. A total of 23 Spa types were detected, with t13249 and t095 being the two most common spa types. CONCLUSION This study examined the association between nasal S. aureus carriage and SARS-COV-2 infection. Further research is required to fully explore the implications of S. aureus co-infection with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muinah Adenike Fowora
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Adenike Aiyedogbon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ibilola Omolopo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ahmed Oluwasegun Tajudeen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Idowu Edu-Muyideen
- Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Tajudeen Akanji Bamidele
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Toyosi Raheem
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adesegun Adesesan
- Department of Microbiology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Bamidele Iwalokun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde Lawal Salako
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
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Ojogbede AK, Bamidele TA, Aina O, Raheem T, Okwuraiwe A, Amoo O, Osuolale KA, Oladele D, Salako A, Ige F, Musa AZ, Idigbe I, Anwoju F, Baruwa B, Abdur-Razzak H, Adebayo B, Wright K, Ohihoin A, Ezechi O, Audu R. Challenges in conducting population-based seroepidemiology survey of COVID-19 in Lagos State, Nigeria. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2559. [PMID: 38129816 PMCID: PMC10740330 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Population-based study is known to be a very essential type of study during and after a pandemic or epidemic, as it provides crucial information on the incidence, prevalence, and risk factors of the disease in question. There has been limited information about the challenges faced in conducting such surveys in Nigeria. In this paper, we will share our experience, and describe the challenges faced in conducting a population-based seroepidemiological study of COVID-19 in Lagos, Nigeria. Some challenges were peculiar to specific Local Government Areas (LGAs) while others were general. The challenges include general misconceptions of community members about health research, difficulties in mapping houses, planning for data collection, standardizing data collection, working in hard-to-reach communities when resources were limited as well as difficulty in collection of blood and naso-oropharyngeal swabs. Ways of overcoming these problems, lessons learnt, and recommendations are hereby discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Kayode Ojogbede
- Public Health and Epidemiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Tajudeen Akanji Bamidele
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwagbemiga Aina
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Toyosi Raheem
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Azuka Okwuraiwe
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Amoo
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - David Oladele
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abideen Salako
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fehintola Ige
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Zaidat Musa
- Monitoring and Evaluation Unit, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fatimah Anwoju
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Basit Baruwa
- Lagos Bureau of Statistics (LBS), Ministry of Economic Planning and Budget (MEPB), Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Hussein Abdur-Razzak
- Department of Research and Statistics, Lagos State Ministry of Health, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Bisola Adebayo
- Department of Community Health & Primary Health Care, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Kikelomo Wright
- Department of Community Health & Primary Health Care, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Aigbe Ohihoin
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oliver Ezechi
- Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Rosemary Audu
- Center for Human Virology and Genomics, Microbiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
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Aina OO, Busari AA, Oladele DA, Esezobor C, Akase IE, Okwuraiwe AP, Okoyenta CO, Otrofanowei E, James AB, Bamidele TA, Olopade OB, Ajibaye O, Musa AZ, Salako AO, Agabi OP, Olakiigbe AK, Akintan PE, Amoo OS, Ima-Edomwonyi E, Raheem TY, David AN, Akinbode GO, Nmadu N, Osuolale KA, Fadipe B, Abiola A, Tade T, Audu RA, Adeyemo WL, Ezechi OC, Bode C, Salako BL. Preliminary Study on Open Labelled Randomized Controlled Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Phosphate for the Treatment of Persons Infected with 2019 Coronavirus Disease in Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:1049-1059. [PMID: 37906618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a causative agent of COVID-19 is a leading cause of ill-health and deaths worldwide. Currently, COVID-19 has no known widely approved therapeutics. Thus, the need for effective treatment. OBJECTIVES We investigated the safety and efficacy of two (2) therapeutic agents; chloroquine phosphate (CQ), 2- hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and a control (standard supportive therapy) among hospitalized adults with COVID-19. METHODS The clinical trial was done in accordance to the World Health Organization master protocol for investigational therapeutics for COVID-19. Atotal of 40 participants with laboratory-confirmed positive COVID-19 were enrolled. Blood samples and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs were obtained on days 1,3,15 and 29 for safety and efficacy assessments. RESULTS The baseline demographics showed that the median ages in years (range) were 45 (31-57) in CQ, 45 (36.5-60.5) in HCQ, 43 (39.5-67.0) and 44.5 (25.3-51.3) in the control (P<0.042).At randomization, seven (7) participants were asymptomatic, thirty-three (33) had mild symptoms, eight (8) had moderate symptoms while three (3) had severe symptoms. The average day of conversion to negative COVID-19 was 15.5 days for CQ, 16 days for HCQ and 18 days for the control(P=0.036). CONCLUSION The safety assessment revealed no adverse effect of the drugs in COVID-19 patients after treatment. These findings proved that chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are effective for the treatment of COVID-19 among hospitalized adults. It also confirmed that they are safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- O O Aina
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A A Busari
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - D A Oladele
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - C Esezobor
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos /Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - I E Akase
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos /Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A P Okwuraiwe
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - C O Okoyenta
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - E Otrofanowei
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos /Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A B James
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - T A Bamidele
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O B Olopade
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O Ajibaye
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A Z Musa
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A O Salako
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O P Agabi
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos /Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A K Olakiigbe
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - P E Akintan
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos /Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O S Amoo
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - E Ima-Edomwonyi
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - T Y Raheem
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A N David
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - G O Akinbode
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - N Nmadu
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - K A Osuolale
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - B Fadipe
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A Abiola
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos /Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - T Tade
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - R A Audu
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - W L Adeyemo
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos /Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O C Ezechi
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - C Bode
- College of Medicine of the University of Lagos /Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - B L Salako
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
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Ezechi OC, Ohihoin GA, Oladele DA, Bamidele TA, Gbajabiamila TA, Salako AO, Musa ZA, Ohihoin E, Odubela OO, Gab-Okafor CV, Ezeobi PM, David AN, Odunukwe NN, Salako BL. Intimate Partner Violence and Risk Factors among Women during the COVID-19 Movement Restriction in Nigeria: An Online Survey. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:654-662. [PMID: 37390493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the absence of treatment or the presence of vaccines is forcing nations to respond with strong preventive measures ranging from mitigation, containment, and in extreme cases, quarantines. While these measures are a useful measure of infection control, they can lead to significant social, economic, and psychological consequences. This study sought to establish the prevalence and risk factors of intimate partner violence during the COVID-19 movement restriction in Nigeria among girls and women. METHODS An online-based questionnaire survey using Google Forms was conducted over four weeks among girls and women aged 15 years and above. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20, and logistic regression was used to determine risk factors for IPV experience during the lockdown. RESULTS Overall, 32.8% of respondents reported ever experiencing IPV, and 42.5% experienced IPV during the lockdown. Verbal (35.1%) and psychological (24.1%) violence were the commonest forms of violence in the study. There was considerable overlap between the various forms of IPV in the study. Age less than 35 years (aOR = 1.3; CI = 1.2 - 1.4), resident in the northeast region (aOR=1.6; CI=1.41.9), alcohol (aOR=1.3;CI=1.2-1.5) and substance (aOR = 1.5; CI = 1.3 - 1.8) use, average family monthly income < $100 (aOR = 1.4;CI=1.2 - 1.5), daily or weekly income (aOR = 2.7; CI = 2.5-3.1) had an increased association with IPV during the lockdown, residency in the southeast region had lower odds of experiencing IPV (aOR=.0.5; CI = 0.3-0.8). CONCLUSION The reported lockdown prevalence of IPV was 42.8%, with verbal and psychological violence being the most prevalent form of IPV. Age less than 35 years, resident in northeast and southeast, use of alcohol or substances, average family monthly income < $100, and partner being a daily-weekly earner was associated with IPV experience. Policymakers in the future should consider the consequences, including IPV, before issuing such an order.
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Affiliation(s)
- O C Ezechi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - G A Ohihoin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - D A Oladele
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - T A Bamidele
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - T A Gbajabiamila
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - A O Salako
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - Z A Musa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - E Ohihoin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - O O Odubela
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - C V Gab-Okafor
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - P M Ezeobi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - A N David
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - N N Odunukwe
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria. Phone: +2348033065683
| | - B L Salako
- Director General's Office, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos State, Nigeria
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5
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Ipinnimo TM, Omotoso AA, Bamidele TA, Sanni TA, Ibirongbe DO, Ipinnimo MT, Ibikunle OO. Comparing the Nigeria National Health Insurance Scheme Act, 2004 and the National Health Insurance Authority Act, 2022 - What is New and its Implications for the Health System. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:525-532. [PMID: 37247192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, <10% of Nigerians are insured by the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) and this among other things has led to the signing of the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) Act in May 2022, which aims at ensuring the effective implementation of a national health insurance policy and attainment of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Nigeria. OBJECTIVE To highlight the new features of the NHIA Act and its policy implications for the Nigerian health system. METHODS A modified Delphi method was used for extracting the differences in the two Acts. A total of three rounds of reviews were carried out among 5 reviewers within three weeks. Differences were tabulated and also presented in prose. FINDINGS The NHIA Act makes health insurance mandatory for all residents of Nigeria with the introduction of the vulnerable group fund and implementation of the Basic Health Care Provision Fund through the established State Health Insurance Schemes. Unlike the NHIS which is a Scheme, the NHIA is an Authority and has an expanded function to regulate, promote, manage and integrate all health insurance schemes and practices in Nigeria. Also, funds management has been transferred from Health Maintenance Organizations to the State Health Insurance Schemes and the Health Maintenance Organizations are now excluded from the Governing Council. CONCLUSION Certainly, the journey towards UHC could be safer and more equitable with health insurance now mandatory for all Nigerians and the introduction of vulnerable group funds in the new Act. This will eliminate the catastrophic expenses of poor Nigerians if the Act is correctly implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Ipinnimo
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - A A Omotoso
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - T A Bamidele
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - T A Sanni
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- Department of Community Medicine, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - D O Ibirongbe
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Medical Sciences (UNIMED) Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - M T Ipinnimo
- NHIS Department, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - O O Ibikunle
- Department of Public Health, Ekiti State Ministry of Health & Human Services, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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Odumosu BT, Bamidele TA, Ofem DW, Agbozo F, Olasehinde GI. Screening, isolation and biotechnological potentials of foodborne Lactobacillus fermentum strains MT903311 and MT903312. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14959. [PMID: 37025836 PMCID: PMC10070130 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamins are an essential food source with excellent roles in the cellular metabolism and other essential nutrients required in food intake but cannot be synthesized by humans. There have been reports of some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) abilities with probiotic activities to produce food-grade vitamins. Our study aimed to investigate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) possessing antimicrobial activities and extracellular production of folate from different Nigerian fermented foods. LAB was assayed for their antimicrobial activities against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium and their extracellular production of essential vitamins. Among the 43 isolates of LAB, two strains of Lactobacillus fermentum showed the highest inhibitions against the test bacteria and demonstrated the highest concentrations of extracellular vitamins production. The range of vitamins produced at 24 h was between 12.23 and 801.79 μg/ml, while the highest vitamin production of 801.79 and 310.55 μg/ml was observed for folate and vitamin B12 respectively, the lowest production was for B1+B2. Consistent vitamin production was typical with only L. fermentum MT903311 and L. fermentum MT903312, so were their antimicrobial activities. The L. fermentum strains isolated in this study could be exploited and applied in food products to substitute synthetic vitamin enrichment and fortification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tajudeen Akanji Bamidele
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigeria Institute of Medical Research Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Friday Agbozo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Lagos, Akoka-yaba, Nigeria
| | - Grace I. Olasehinde
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria
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Odumosu BT, Obeten HI, Bamidele TA. Incidence of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Harbouring blaTEM and tetA Genes Isolated from Seafoods in Lagos Nigeria. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:2414-2419. [PMID: 33961094 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02511-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The presence of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli of fecal origin in seafood is a serious concern. Seafood containing MDR E. coli can serve as a medium for the transfer of resistant bacteria to consumers. The aim of the present study is to isolate and identify multidrug-resistant E. coli and associated resistant genes from selected seafood (catfish, crabs and tilapia fish) purchased from wholesalers and retailers at sea landing areas in Lagos state, Nigeria. A total of two hundred and thirty-eight (238) samples consisting of catfish (52), tilapia fish (78) and crab (108) were collected and investigated for the presence of E. coli from the period of June 2018-April 2019. Colonies that showed metallic sheen were considered presumptive E. coli isolates, and positive isolates were chosen for further confirmed by biochemical methods using IMViC tests, Oxidase test, triple sugar iron agar test and sugar fermentation test. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates to eight classes of antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion methods while amplification of suspected antibiotic resistance genes were done by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. A total of 105 (44.1%) E. coli were isolated from selected samples by standard microbiological procedures. The grand total of 59 (56.2%) isolates showed multiple antibiotic-resistant patterns. The overall result showed high-level resistance to tetracycline 101/105 (96.1%) and trimethoprim 90/105 (85.7%), cefotaxime 67/105 (42.9%) while the highest susceptibility of 101/105 (96.2%) was recorded for amikacin followed by gentamicin 84/105 (80%), meropenem 75/105 (71.4%), ceftazidime (69.5). The presence of tetA and blaTEM was prevalent among the isolates. Our results indicate that seafood may be a reservoir of β-lactam and tetracycline-resistance determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tajudeen Akanji Bamidele
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
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Amoo OS, Ohihoin AG, Musa AZ, Idighe I, Ige F, Giwa-Tubosun T, Oloko S, Abiola A, Ohihoin EN, David AN, Salako A, Oladele D, Gab-Okafor CM, Bamidele TA, Aina OO, Chukwu E, Odunukwe NN, Ezechi OC, Audu RA, Salako BL. Implementation of a modified drive-through sampling strategy for SARS-CoV-2-the Nigerian experience. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 35:107. [PMID: 33282062 PMCID: PMC7687503 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.supp.2020.35.2.24319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: effective and safe means of sample collection is a crucial component of testing for Covid-19. Uptake of testing is key to containing and controlling the spread of the virus. Scientists have been working on various strategies that will increase the uptake of testing for COVID-19. One such method involves the use of the drive-through sampling strategy. Methods: data was collected by both qualitative and quantitative methods. An eligibility form was filled online. While in-depth interviews were conducted for the qualitative aspect of the study. Results: 2,600 visits were recorded at the website, 2300 (88.46%) participants successfully registered for the test. 57.4% were found eligible of which 78.0% presented for the test. This Consisted of 78.0% drive-through and 22.0% walk-in. The average time for transiting through the drive-through site was 19.2 ± 4.6minutes while that of the walk-in was 28 ± 9.2min. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). In the qualitative component, respondents opined that maximum safety measures were deployed to protect both participants and health workers. Most said that the turnaround time for the sampling process was short. Conclusion: the sampling strategy although largely successful, is largely dependent on Internet penetrability, thus this sampling modality will be best utilized as an adjunct to established models of sample collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufemi Samuel Amoo
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research 6 Edmund Crescent, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Adesola Zaidat Musa
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research 6 Edmund Crescent, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Idighe
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research 6 Edmund Crescent, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fehintola Ige
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research 6 Edmund Crescent, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Agatha Ngozi David
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research 6 Edmund Crescent, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abideen Salako
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research 6 Edmund Crescent, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - David Oladele
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research 6 Edmund Crescent, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Emelda Chukwu
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research 6 Edmund Crescent, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Rosemary Ajuma Audu
- Nigerian Institute of Medical Research 6 Edmund Crescent, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
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