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Parekh P, Shah P, Bhaisara B. Beaver tail variant of liver: A radiographic mimic of left lower lobe pneumonia in a neonate. J Postgrad Med 2023:368461. [PMID: 36695250 PMCID: PMC10394524 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_657_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Parekh
- Department of Pediatrics, Hinduhridaysamrat Balasaheb Thackeray Medical College and Dr. R. N. Cooper Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, Hinduhridaysamrat Balasaheb Thackeray Medical College and Dr. R. N. Cooper Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - B Bhaisara
- Department of Pediatrics, Hinduhridaysamrat Balasaheb Thackeray Medical College and Dr. R. N. Cooper Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Sanju S, Tullu MS, Karande S, Muranjan MN, Parekh P. Beta-thalassemia major complicated by intracranial hemorrhage and critical illness polyneuropathy. J Postgrad Med 2020; 65:171-176. [PMID: 31317877 PMCID: PMC6659433 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_127_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is rarely seen in patients with thalassemia. A seven-year-old male, known case of beta-thalassemia major, on irregular packed cell transfusions (elsewhere) and non-compliant with chelation therapy, presented with congestive cardiac failure (Hb-3 gm/dl). He received three packed red cell transfusions over 7 days (cumulative volume 40 cc/kg). On the 9th day, he developed projectile vomiting and two episodes of generalized tonic-clonic convulsions with altered sensorium. He had exaggerated deep tendon reflexes and extensor plantars. CT-scan of brain revealed bilateral acute frontal hematoma with diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage (frontal and parietal). Coagulation profile was normal. CT-angiography of brain showed diffuse focal areas of reduced caliber of anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, and basilar and internal carotid arteries (likely to be a spasmodic reaction to subarachnoid hemorrhage). He required mechanical ventilation for 4 days and conservative management for the hemorrhage. However, on the 18th day, he developed one episode of generalized tonic-clonic convulsion and his sensorium deteriorated further (without any new ICH) and required repeat mechanical ventilation for 12 days. On the 28th day, he was noticed to have quadriplegia (while on a ventilator). Nerve conduction study (42nd day) revealed severe motor axonal neuropathy (suggesting critical illness polyneuropathy). He improved with physiotherapy and could sit upright and speak sentences at discharge (59th day). The child recovered completely after 3 months. It is wise not to transfuse more than 20 cc/kg of packed red cell volume during each admission and not more than once in a week (exception being congestive cardiac failure) for thalassemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sanju
- Department of Pediatrics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M S Tullu
- Department of Pediatrics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Karande
- Department of Pediatrics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M N Muranjan
- Department of Pediatrics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Parekh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Testa L, Dani S, Desai D, Pandya R, Parekh P, Vasavada A, Bhalani N, Sheth C, Sharma A, Shah D. P2806A novel sirolimus drug eluting stent for Small-Vessel Disease: results from en-ABL e-registry. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The aim of the study was to assess the clinical outcome of Abluminus DES in patients with small vessels.
Background
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of small coronary vessel (≤2.75 mm) associated with more chances of restenosis and repeat revascularization even when drug eluting stent employed.
Methods
A total of 2,500 patients enrolled in en-ABL e-registry which is a prospective, multicentre observational post market registry. Out of 2,500 patients, 1,253 patients had small vessel (SV, ≤2.75 mm) while 1,247 had large vessel (LV, >3mm) disease. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE) which is composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infraction (TV-MI) and target lesion/vessel revascularization (TLR) at 1 year follow up. The secondary endpoint were stent thrombosis and MACE up to 2 years.
Results
Baseline characteristics were well matched in both groups. In the SV group had higher prevalence of diabetes as compared to large vessel 43.0% vs 25.7%. Total 1,400 lesions treated with 1,612 Abluminus DES and 1,569 lesions treated with 1,675 Abluminus DES in SV and LV groups respectively. The mean diameter of stent was 2.61±0.23 and 3.3±0.3 mm in SV and LV groups respectively. There was a significant difference in MACE in treatment groups (3.7% vs. 1.4%, p=0.004 respectively) at 1 year. No significant differences were observed between SV and LV groups in terms of death/myocardial infarction or stent thrombosis. There were increment of only one TLR and no stent thrombosis reported at 2-year follow-up.
Conclusion
This result suggests the efficacy and safety of novel Abluminus DES in small vessel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Testa
- IRCCS Polyclinic San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - S Dani
- Life care Institute of Medical Sciences & Research & Apollo Hospitals International Limited, Ahmedabad, India
| | - D Desai
- Mahavir Hospitals, Surat, India
| | - R Pandya
- Life care Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - A Vasavada
- Tristar Multispeciality Hospital, Surat, India
| | - N Bhalani
- Rhythm Heart Institute, Baroda, India
| | - C Sheth
- Rhythm Heart Institute, Baroda, India
| | - A Sharma
- Rhythm Heart Institute, Baroda, India
| | - D Shah
- William Beaumont Hospital, Michigan, United States of America
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Parekh P, Ohno S, Yusa S, Lage EV, Casas M, Sández-Macho I, Aswal VK, Bahadur P. Surface and Aggregation Behavior of Pentablock Copolymer PNIPAM7-F127-PNIPAM7 in Aqueous Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7569-78. [PMID: 27385006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The triblock Pluronic F127 was modified by introducing poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) at both the poly(ethylene oxide) ends, and the pentablock copolymer so-prepared was characterized by gel permeation chromatography and (1)H NMR. The degree of polymerization of NIPAM blocks at the two ends was 7. The solution behavior and microstructure of copolymer aggregates in water and aqueous salt solution were examined and compared with F127 by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, microdifferential scanning calorimetry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The behavior of the pentablock copolymer at the air/water interface was determined by Langmuir film balance. Two lower critical solution temperatures were observed for pentablock copolymer, corresponding to poly(propylene oxide) and PNIPAM blocks, respectively. DLS studies show that micelle size increased with increase in temperature and in the presence of salt. SANS measurements provided temperature-dependent structural evolution of copolymer micelles in water and salt solution. The copolymer displays an isotherm with four classical regions (pancake, mushroom, brush, and condensed state). The study has potential applications in controlled drug delivery due to the tunable phase behavior and biocompatibility of the copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Parekh
- Chemistry Department, V.N.S.G. University , Surat 395007, India
| | - S Ohno
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo , 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
| | - S Yusa
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo , 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Emílio V Lage
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Matilde Casas
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - I Sández-Macho
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - V K Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085, India
| | - P Bahadur
- Chemistry Department, V.N.S.G. University , Surat 395007, India
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Vasavada A, Agrawal N, Parekh P, Vinchurkar M. Extensive idiosyncratic allergic reaction to non-ionic, low osmolar small dose contrast in a patient premedicated with antihistamine and steroids. Case Reports 2014; 2014:bcr-2014-205323. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-205323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Parekh P, Agrawal N, Vasavada A, Vinchurkar M. LBBB masking the ECG changes of inferior wall infarction: a caution to be vigilant. Case Reports 2014; 2014:bcr-2014-205095. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-205095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Parekh P, Dey J, Kumar S, Nath S, Ganguly R, Aswal V, Bahadur P. Butanol solubilization in aqueous F127 solution: Investigating the enhanced micellar solvation and consequent improvement in gelation characteristics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 114:386-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Xu M, Sulkowski ZL, Parekh P, Khan A, Chen T, Midha S, Iwasaki T, Shimokawa N, Koibuchi N, Zavacki AM, Sajdel-Sulkowska EM. Effects of Perinatal Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Exposure on the Developing Rat Brain; Modeling the Effect of Maternal Infection on the Developing Human CNS. Cerebellum 2013; 12:572-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s12311-013-0465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Parmar A, Parekh P, Bahadur P. Solubilization and Release of a Model Drug Nimesulide from PEO–PPO–PEO Block Copolymer Core–Shell Micelles: Effect of Size of PEO Blocks. J SOLUTION CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-012-9949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ganguly R, Kuperkar K, Parekh P, Aswal V, Bahadur P. Phenol solubilization in aqueous Pluronic® solutions: Investigating the micellar growth and interaction as a function of Pluronic® composition. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 378:118-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Parekh P, Singh K, Marangoni D, Bahadur P. Effect of alcohols on aqueous micellar solutions of PEO–PPO–PEO copolymers: A dynamic light scattering and 1H NMR study. J Mol Liq 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Parekh P, Varade D, Parikh J, Bahadur P. Anionic–cationic mixed surfactant systems: Micellar interaction of sodium dodecyl trioxyethylene sulfate with cationic gemini surfactants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Parekh P, Singh K, Marangoni D, Bahadur P. Micellization and solubilization of a model hydrophobic drug nimesulide in aqueous salt solutions of Tetronic® T904. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 83:69-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sefah K, Tang ZW, Shangguan DH, Chen H, Lopez-Colon D, Li Y, Parekh P, Martin J, Meng L, Phillips JA, Kim YM, Tan WH. Molecular recognition of acute myeloid leukemia using aptamers. Leukemia 2009; 23:235-44. [PMID: 19151784 PMCID: PMC2640431 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2008.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface proteins can play important roles in cancer pathogenesis. Comprehensive understanding of the surface protein expression patterns of tumor cells and, consequently, the pathogenesis of tumor cells, depends on molecular probes against these proteins. To be effectively used for tumor diagnosis, classification and therapy, such probes would be capable of specific binding to targeted tumor cells. Molecular aptamers, designer DNA/RNA probes, can address this challenge by recognizing proteins, peptides and other small molecules with high affinity and specificity. Through a process known as cell-SELEX, we used live acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells to select a group of DNA aptamers that can recognize acute myeloid leukemia cells with dissociation constants (Kds) in the nanomolar range. Interestingly, one aptamer (KH1C12), compared with two control cell lines (K562 and NB4), showed significant selectivity to the target AML cell line (HL60) and could recognize the target cells within a complex mixture of normal bone marrow aspirates. The other two aptamers KK1B10 and KK1D04 recognize targets associated with monocytic differentiation. Our studies demonstrate that the selected aptamers can be used as a molecular tool for further understanding surface protein expression patterns on tumor cells and thus providing a foundation for effective molecular analysis of leukemia and its subcategories.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sefah
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Research at Bio/nano Interface, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
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Bhalala U, Desai M, Parekh P, Mokal R, Chheda B. Subclinical hypovitaminosis D among exclusively breastfed young infants. Indian Pediatr 2007; 44:897-901. [PMID: 18175842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine Vitamin D status of mother-newborn diads at birth and of their exclusively breastfed (EBF) infants at 3 months. DESIGN Longitudinal study. METHODS Exclusively breastfed infants born at term with birth weight > 2.5 kg to normal, healthy mothers followed till 3 months. Serum calcium, phosphorous, heat labile alkaline phosphatase (HLAP) and 25(OH)D estimated in 42 mother / cord blood diads and in 35 (EBF) infants followed up at 3 months. Twenty five (OH)D < 15 ng/mL was considered low and 15 to 25 ng/mL low to normal. RESULTS Ca, P, HLAP were significantly higher in cord blood (P < 0.001) but mean 25 (OH)D, 19.36 ng/mL was comparable to maternal level of 22.9 ng/mL (r = 0.82, P < 0.001). At 3 months only HLAP was significantly higher compared to cord blood. Higher 25 (OH)D at 3 months correlated with higher 25 (OH)D values in cord blood (r = +0.616, P < 0.001) as well as higher antenatal maternal levels (r = + 0.552, P < 0.001). Serum 25 (OH)D values < 25 ng/mL was observed in 50 % mothers, 62 % cord blood specimens and 80 % infants at 3 months. CONCLUSIONS Subnormal maternal vitamin D status is associated with vitamin D deficiency in newborns and persists in exclusively breastfed infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Bhalala
- Department of Pediatrics, Sir H N Hospital and Research Center and Sir H N Medical Research Society, Raja Rammohan Roy Road, Mumbai 400 004, India.
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Mehta N, Parekh P. X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy presenting as Addison disease. Indian Pediatr 2005; 42:495-7. [PMID: 15923703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
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Mall ML, Rai RR, Philip M, Naik G, Parekh P, Bhawnani SC, Olowokure B, Shamanna M, Weil J. Seroepidemiology of hepatitis A infection in India: changing pattern. Indian J Gastroenterol 2001; 20:132-5. [PMID: 11497169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent changes in the epidemiology of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection and the availability of effective vaccines have renewed interest in this infection. We determined the age-related prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies in India and looked for differences by known risk factors for HAV infection. METHODS In this prospective study, serum samples obtained from 1612 subjects aged 1 to 60 at six centers in five cities (Calcutta, Cochin, Indore, Jaipur and Patna) during the period February to August 1998 were tested for anti-HAV antibodies. Demographic and socio-economic information was obtained by questionnaire. RESULTS The overall seroprevalence rate was 65.9%, varying from 26.2% to 85.3% in various cities; there was no difference between males and females. Seropositivity increased with age from 52.2% in the 1-5 year age group to 80.8% in those aged 16 years or more. Seroprevalence rates were significantly lower in those aged 1-5 years compared with other age groups (p<0.0001). There was no difference in seroprevalence between those with monthly family income <Rs 5000 and >Rs 5001. Multivariate analysis showed that anti-HAV seroprevalence varied significantly by source of water supply, being highest when the supply was municipal. CONCLUSION Our results indicate an epidemiological pattern of intermediate endemicity. This finding has public health implications as it indicates that a significant proportion of the Indian adolescent and adult population is at risk of HAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Mall
- Marwari Relief Society Hospital and The Calcutta Research Institute
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Nadkarni J, Bahl J, Parekh P. Perinatal outcome in pregnancy associated hypertension. Indian Pediatr 2001; 38:174-8. [PMID: 11224584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Nadkarni
- Department of Pediatrics, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Maharaja Yeshwantrao Hospital and Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya Avum Anusandhan Kendra, Indore, M.P. 452 001, India
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Nadkarni J, Parekh P. The attitude of nurses towards breastfeeding--a cross-sectional survey. Indian Pediatr 2000; 37:572-3. [PMID: 10820569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Abstract
Despite the fact that mutations resulting in the absence of leptin or its receptor have been associated with severe obesity and diabetes, such mutations do not appear to be responsible for most human obesity. Indeed, diet-induced obesity in animals and humans has been characterized by hyperleptinemia. This has been interpreted as evidence for leptin resistance. However, no careful longitudinal studies evaluating the role of leptin in the development of obesity exist. We report a series of studies in A/J and C57BL/6J (B/6) mice that demonstrate a direct relationship between the ability to increase plasma leptin levels in response to a high-fat diet and resistance to the subsequent development of obesity and diabetes. While leptin levels are similar in lean, low-fat-fed A/J and B/6 mice, the effects of a high-fat diet on plasma leptin differ dramatically between the two strains. After 4 weeks of high-fat feeding, leptin levels in A/J mice increased 10-fold, and this elevated level was maintained independent of weight gain throughout a 14-week feeding period. However, in B/6 mice, leptin levels remained at least twofold lower and only rose very gradually along with a significant increase in adiposity, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia. These differences in the response of leptin to diet are independent of food intake and plasma insulin levels during the 1st month of feeding. Further, we demonstrated that leptin administration did not influence the expression of the novel uncoupling protein UCP2, which also responds to dietary fat. From these results, we suggest that the response of leptin to fat feeding may be an important predictor of the development of subsequent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Surwit
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
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Marangell LB, Ketter TA, George MS, Pazzaglia PJ, Callahan AM, Parekh P, Andreason PJ, Horwitz B, Herscovitch P, Post RM. Inverse relationship of peripheral thyrotropin-stimulating hormone levels to brain activity in mood disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154:224-30. [PMID: 9016272 DOI: 10.1176/ajp.154.2.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The author's goal was to investigate relationships between peripheral thyroid hormone levels and cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral glucose metabolism in affectively ill patients. METHOD Medication-free inpatients with major depression or bipolar disorder were studied with oxygen-15 water and positron emission tomography (PET) to measure CBF (N = 19) or with [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose and PET to measure cerebral glucose metabolism (N = 29). Linear regression was used to correlate global CBF and cerebral glucose metabolism with serum thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and free T4 concentrations. Statistical parametric mapping was used to correlate regional CBF and cerebral glucose metabolism with these thyroid indexes. Post hoc t tests were used to further explore the relationships between serum TSH and global CBF and cerebral glucose metabolism. RESULTS Serum TSH was inversely related to both global and regional CBF and cerebral glucose metabolism. These relationships persisted in the cerebral glucose metabolism analysis and, to a lesser extent, in the CBF analysis after severity of depression had been controlled for. In contrast, no significant relationships were observed between T3, T4, or free T4 and global or regional CBF and cerebral glucose metabolism. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that peripheral TSH (putatively the best marker of thyroid status) is inversely related to global and regional CBF and cerebral glucose metabolism. These findings indicate relationships between thyroid and cerebral activity that could provide mechanistic hypotheses for thyroid contributions to primary and secondary mood disorders and the psychotropic effects of thyroid axis manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Marangell
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. 20892, USA
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Stone WS, Altman HJ, Hall J, Arankowsky-Sandoval G, Parekh P, Gold PE. Prenatal exposure to alcohol in adult rats: relationships between sleep and memory deficits, and effects of glucose administration on memory. Brain Res 1996; 742:98-106. [PMID: 9117426 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(96)00976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies show that prenatal exposure to alcohol results in sleep deficits in rats, including reductions in paradoxical sleep. Little is known, however, about the extent or duration of sleep impairments beyond the neonatal period. The present experiment examined effects of prenatal exposure on sleep in young adulthood. Three-hour, daytime sleep EEGs were obtained in 6-month-old female rats prenatally exposed to alcohol. Compared to isocaloric pair-fed and ad libitum control groups, the alcohol-exposed group showed reduced paradoxical sleep. Non-paradoxical sleep did not differ between groups. Concurrent deficits were obtained in radial arm maze, but not inhibitory (passive) avoidance, performance. One year later, at the age of 18 months, alcohol-exposed rats showed deficits in spontaneous alternation behavior which were reversed by administration of glucose (100 mg/kg). Deficits in paradoxical sleep at 6 months of age were highly correlated with deficits in spontaneous alternation behavior at 18 months of age, in individual, alcohol-exposed animals. These results provide the first evidence that prenatal exposure to alcohol results in selective and persistent deficits in sleep. They also show that measures of paradoxical sleep can predict impaired memory over a large portion of the life span, and suggest that glucose can attenuate memory deficits in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Stone
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, USA
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Callahan AM, Ketter TA, Crumlish J, Parekh P, Brown DW, Post RM. Reply to letter from Swartz on "Mania and lower serum cholesterol levels. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1996; 16:95-7. [PMID: 8834437 DOI: 10.1097/00004714-199602000-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Harrower AD, Parekh P, Railton R, Newman P, Rodger JC. Assessment of myocardial perfusion during cold stress using thallium-201 scintigraphy in diabetic patients with abnormal changes in left ventricular function during cold stress. Acta Diabetol Lat 1986; 23:185-91. [PMID: 3788404 DOI: 10.1007/bf02624704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Eleven type-I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with abnormal changes in left ventricular function in response to cold stress (CS) were investigated to try and determine the cause of these abnormal responses. Resting M-mode echocardiography demonstrated that all 11 patients had normal left ventricular dimensions and wall motion, thereby excluding overt cardiomyopathy. Thallium-201 scintigraphy was used to assess myocardial perfusion during CS and eight patients were found to have perfusion defects during stress which persisted in four. It is possible that CS unmasks evidence of myocardial ischemia but it is also possible that the abnormal responses to CS reflect altered vasomotor reactivity in the diabetic patient, producing coronary spasm. Left ventricular function may be influenced by many factors in diabetes and an abnormal CS test may not necessarily indicate structural disease. Such tests, however, may help in the further understanding of the pathophysiology of heart disease in diabetes.
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Rodger JC, Railton R, Parekh P, Newman P. Effect of cold stimulation on myocardial perfusion. An investigation using thallium-201 scintigraphy. Br Heart J 1984; 52:57-62. [PMID: 6743424 PMCID: PMC481585 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.52.1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Thallium-201 scintigraphy was used to investigate the effects of cold stimulation on myocardial perfusion in 12 patients with documented coronary artery disease (group 1), nine with chest pain but without evidence of structural coronary artery disease (group 2), and 10 normal volunteers (group 3). The scintigrams were assessed both visually and numerically using a circumferential profile technique. Transient perfusion defects were identified by both techniques in six subjects in group 1, three in group 2, and two in group 3. The haemodynamic responses (assessed by the double product) of subjects with or without transient perfusion defects were not significantly different. Thus cold stimulation can provoke abnormalities of myocardial perfusion not only in patients with coronary heart disease but also in those with structurally normal coronary arteries and in some normal subjects. These results may reflect a spectrum of coronary vasomotor responsiveness to cold stimulation in both normal and ischaemic populations, and it is concluded that cold pressor techniques cannot be relied on to differentiate patients with coronary heart disease from those with atypical chest pain syndromes or even from normal subjects.
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Kaul KK, Mukerjee B, Sundaram KR, Sawhney KS, Parekh P. Growth at adolescence. I. A study of the development of secondary sex characters in urban girls. Indian Pediatr 1983; 20:243-8. [PMID: 6618644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Harrower AD, McFarlane G, Parekh P, Young K, Railton R. Cardiac function during stress testing in long-standing insulin-dependent diabetics. Acta Diabetol Lat 1983; 20:179-83. [PMID: 6880565 DOI: 10.1007/bf02624919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Four dynamic tests of cardiac function were compared in a group of 13 long-standing insulin-dependent diabetics who had no clinical evidence of cardio-respiratory disease. One patient developed abnormal features during 24 hour ambulatory electrocardiograms while all 13 patients had normal exercise electrocardiograms. The change in left ventricular ejection fraction during dynamic supine exercise as measured by gated blood-pool scintigraphy was not significantly different from control subjects (p less than 0.1) while during cold stimulation testing the change in left ventricular ejection fraction in the diabetics was highly significantly different from the control subjects (p less than 0.01). Five of the patients had one or more abnormal tests of autonomic function. The cold stimulation test may be a sensitive index of cardiac dysfunction in diabetics but as the mechanism is unclear alternative explanations are possible. While the etiology of heart disease in such patients is uncertain it is likely to be multifactorial and this test may prove useful in investigating the natural history and pathogenesis of cardiac disease in diabetics.
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Sheikh AH, Singh SD, Bordia NL, Chhaparwal BC, Parekh P. Prevalence of tuberculous infection and disease among children under 8 years. Indian Pediatr 1982; 19:991-5. [PMID: 7160900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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31
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Parekh P, Ketkar M, Arora R, Sharma S, Chhaparwal BC, Singh SD, Arora MM. An epidemiological survey during an outbreak of cholera in Indore city. Indian Pediatr 1981; 18:637-41. [PMID: 7319612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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32
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Adam RD, Parekh P, Harrower AD. Prolonged effect of nadolol on heart rate in hyperthyroidism. Curr Med Res Opin 1981; 7:212-4. [PMID: 6112117 DOI: 10.1185/03007998109114265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There is extensive experience in the treatment of hyperthyroidism with beta-blockade. Because of the short half-life of propranolol the drug must be taken in divided doses. The effect of a single daily dose of a long-acting beta-blocking drug, nadolol, was investigated in 7 hyperthyroid patients. A satisfactory and prolonged reduction in heart rate was observed during continuous monitoring over a 24-hour period. Nadolol, therefore, is a possible alternative to propranolol in the treatment of hyperthyroidism with an advantage in the poorly-compliant patient.
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Shastri S, Mroszczak E, Prichard RK, Parekh P, Nguyen TH, Hennessey DR, Schiltz R. Relationship among particle size distribution, dissolution profile, plasma values, and anthelmintic efficacy of oxfendazole. Am J Vet Res 1980; 41:2095-2101. [PMID: 7212443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Three mean particle sizes of oxfendazole raw material (1.65 micron, lot A; 3.2 micron, 10t B; 12.0 micron, lot C) were prepared and identically formulated as corresponding (A, B, and C) suspensions at 2.26% (W/V) concentration. Studies involving microscopic examination, scanning electron microscope analysis, particle size distribution, and surface area measurement were carried out on raw materials. In vitro dissolution profiles were obtained for the suspensions. A comparative bioavailability study of these 3 suspensions was performed in 12 sheep with each sheep given each formulation in a Latin square crossover study design; oxfendazole was dosed at rate of 5 mg/kg of body weight. Plasma-value measurements were made followed by an analysis of various bioavailability studies. Plasma area values indicated that suspension C (dw = 12.0 micron) was significantly (P less than 0.05) less bioavailable than was suspension A (dw = 1.65 micron); there was no difference between suspension A and suspension B. Significant differences were not seen in biological half-life and maximum plasma concentrations. The term dw refers to that particle diameter (determined by Coulter counting) at which 50% of the oxfendazole mass was in the form of particles having a lesser diameter and 50% was in the form of particles having a greater diameter. In a separate study involving 20 Merino weaner sheep infected with benzimidazole-resistant Haemonchus contortus larvae, oxfendazole's anthelmintic efficacy was demonstrated in the 2.26% suspension dosage form (90% particles less than 10 micron) at a dosing rate of 5 mg/kg. A correlation was found between its anthelmintic activity and plasma area values when compared in individual sheep. Data demonstrated that substantial differences in particle size distribution of oxfendazole could influence its dissolution rate, plasma concentrations, and absorption characteristics, thus indicating that oxfendazole's absorption could be dissolution-rate limited.
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Mehta SM, Parekh P, Khan MA, Singh SD, Rawat M, Mathur PS. A study of radiological changes in protein calorie malnutrition. Indian Pediatr 1980; 17:241-5. [PMID: 6776049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Shinde R, Parekh P, Kaul KK. A study of some selected anthropometric parameters in upper class preschool children of Jabalpur. Indian Pediatr 1980; 17:45-53. [PMID: 6967449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Jain SC, Singh S, Parekh P, Vijayvargiya R. Lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio in amniotic fluid and its relation to gestational age, maternal factors and neonatal factors. Indian Pediatr 1978; 15:197-203. [PMID: 680969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Parekh P, Parekh BR, Singh SD. Congenital lumbar hernia. Indian Pediatr 1977; 14:577-8. [PMID: 924673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Parekh P, Singh SD, Dulhani JD, Jain NM. Waardenburg's syndrome (case reports and review of literature). Indian Pediatr 1976; 13:465-8. [PMID: 977116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Kual KK, Taskar AD, Madhavan S, Mukerji B, Parekh P, Sawhney K, Goel RK, Lamba IM. Growth in height and weight of urban Madhya Pradesh adolescents. Indian Pediatr 1976; 13:31-9. [PMID: 1278944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Arya LS, Parekh P, Patel NV, Kaul KK. A study of behavioural growth during second year of life. Indian Pediatr 1975; 12:1097-101. [PMID: 1228129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Bafna P, Parekh P, Kaul KK. A study of attitudes of practising doctors to infant feeding. Indian Pediatr 1974; 11:563-6. [PMID: 4443058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Shingwekar AG, Parekh P, Kaul KK. An evaluation of scoring system in the assessment of gestational age of the newborn at birth. Indian Pediatr 1973; 10:531-6. [PMID: 4786231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Kaul KK, Belapurkar KM, Parekh P. Syndrome of mental retardation, tremors, pigmentation and anaemia in infants--some biochemical observations. Indian J Med Res 1973; 61:86-92. [PMID: 4756876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Parekh P, Belapurkar KM, Kaul KK. An evaluation of neurological and clinical criteria in the assessment of gestational age at birth. Indian Pediatr 1972; 9:737-45. [PMID: 4661546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Kaul KK, Belapurkar KM, Parekh P. The syndrome of tremors in infants: a long follow-up. Indian J Med Res 1972; 60:1067-72. [PMID: 4661454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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