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Barrera F, Uribe J, Olvares N, Huerta P, Cabrera D, Romero-Gómez M. The Janus of a disease: Diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Ann Hepatol 2024:101501. [PMID: 38631419 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2024.101501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes Mellitus are two prevalent metabolic disorders that often coexist and synergistically contribute to the progression of each other. Several pathophysiological pathways are involved in the association, including insulin resistance, inflammation, and lipotoxicity, providing a foundation for understanding the complex interrelationships between these conditions. The presence of MASLD has a significant impact on diabetes risk and the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications, and diabetes significantly contributes to an increased risk of liver fibrosis progression in MASLD and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, both pathologies have a synergistic effect on cardiovascular events and mortality. Therapeutic interventions targeting MASLD and diabetes are discussed, considering lifestyle modifications, pharmacological agents, and emerging treatment modalities. The review also addresses the challenges in managing these comorbidities, such as the need for personalized approaches and the potential impact on cardiovascular health. The insights gleaned from this analysis can inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers in developing integrated strategies for preventing, diagnosing, and managing these metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Barrera
- Laboratorio Experimental de Hepatología, Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Javier Uribe
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nixa Olvares
- Laboratorio Experimental de Hepatología, Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Programa de Immunogenética e Inmunología traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias e Inovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Huerta
- Programa de Medicina Interna, Instituto de Ciencias e Inovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; Hospital Padre Hurtado, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Cabrera
- Laboratorio Experimental de Hepatología, Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Romero-Gómez
- Enfermedades Digestivas y Ciberehd, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (CSIC/HUVR/US), Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, España.
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Pérez JC, Huerta P, Rubio B, Fernández O. Corrigendum: Parental psychological control: Maternal, adolescent, and contextual predictors. Front Psychol 2022; 13:979872. [PMID: 35967668 PMCID: PMC9372623 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.979872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Carola Pérez
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: J. Carola Pérez
| | - Paula Huerta
- Master's Program in Adolescent Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bernardita Rubio
- Master's Program in Adolescent Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Olga Fernández
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Pérez JC, Huerta P, Rubio B, Fernández O. Parental Psychological Control: Maternal, Adolescent, and Contextual Predictors. Front Psychol 2021; 12:712087. [PMID: 34621215 PMCID: PMC8490725 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental psychological control (PC) hinders the development of autonomy, identity formation, and the attainment of self-determination and individuation of adolescents. The aim of this study was to deepen the understanding of which conditions increase the risk of the use of maternal PC by simultaneously considering the contribution of adolescent temperament, maternal separation anxiety, and adolescents’ perception of interparental conflict. A correlational study involving a sample of 106 Chilean adolescent-mother dyads was done. Adolescents were, on average, 15.42 years old (SD = 1.09) and 77% male. Mothers were, on average, 45.46 years old (SD = 6.39). We administered self-report questionnaires to the adolescent measuring effortful control and frustration as temperamental dimensions, along with the perception of interparental conflict. Mothers reported on their separation anxiety. Both the adolescents and their mothers reported on the use of maternal PC. Adolescents reported higher levels of maternal PC than their mothers did. All predictors were associated with PC reports. Higher levels of maternal anxiety about adolescent distancing, inter-parental conflict, and adolescent frustration were associated with higher reported levels of PC. In contrast, higher levels of adolescent effortful control were associated with lower levels of maternal PC. Finally, when maternal separation anxiety and inter-parental conflict were high there was a higher use of maternal PC. The present findings inform on how adolescent’s self-regulatory skills could reduce the risk of being exposed to maternal PC. And highlight the importance of using a systemic and interactional conceptualization when trying to understand their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Carola Pérez
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Huerta
- Master's Program in Adolescent Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bernardita Rubio
- Master's Program in Adolescent Psychology, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Olga Fernández
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Torcida Fernández-Baldor F, Díaz-Martínez I, Huerta P, Montero Huerta D, Castanera D. Enigmatic tracks of solitary sauropods roaming an extensive lacustrine megatracksite in Iberia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16939. [PMID: 34417474 PMCID: PMC8379178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sauropod remains are abundant on the Iberian Peninsula across the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition. Where the osteological record shows a high diversity of this kind of dinosaur, the ichnological findings are mainly limited to sauropod tracks characterized by kidney-shaped manus (with or without pollex impressions) and pes impressions with three claw imprints oriented laterally. Here, we present a new sauropod ichnotaxon, Iniestapodus burgensis, found at several exposures within the Las Sereas megatracksite (Burgos, Spain). These are preserved within lacustrine limestone strata of the Rupelo Formation (Tithonian-Berriasian). Iniestapodus burgensis is characterized by: semicircular manus tracks with small pollex impressions; unusual tetradactyl pes tracks with evidence of four claws oriented anteriorly (I-II) and laterally (III-IV), of variable sizes (short claw I and IV impressions, claw II and III being the largest). The combination of features and comparison with the osteological record allows us to propose a non-titanosaurian titanosauriform as a possible trackmaker. All the Iniestapodus tracks are represented by at least two different size classes of small and medium-sized individuals, and their trackways show different multidirectional orientations. The paleoenvironmental and paleoecological data suggest that Iniestapodus trackmakers were solitary individuals, likely representing different age classes, that crossed and used the Las Sereas shallow lacustrine-palustrine areas as their preferred habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidel Torcida Fernández-Baldor
- Museo de Dinosaurios de Salas de los Infantes and Colectivo Arqueológico y Paleontológico de Salas (CAS), Plaza Jesús Aparicio 9, 09600 Salas de los Infantes, Burgos Spain
| | - I. Díaz-Martínez
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología, General Roca, Río Negro Argentina ,Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología (IIPG), CONICET, Av. Roca 1242, 8332 General Roca, Río Negro Argentina
| | - P. Huerta
- grid.11762.330000 0001 2180 1817Dpto. Geología, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Ávila, Universidad de Salamanca, Avda. Hornos Caleros, nº 50, 05003 Ávila, Spain
| | - D. Montero Huerta
- Museo de Dinosaurios de Salas de los Infantes and Colectivo Arqueológico y Paleontológico de Salas (CAS), Plaza Jesús Aparicio 9, 09600 Salas de los Infantes, Burgos Spain
| | - D. Castanera
- grid.7080.fInstitut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, c/Escola Industrial 23, 08201 Sabadell, Barcelona Spain
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Martínez-Sánchez L, López-Ávila J, Barasoain-Millán A, Angelats-Romero CM, Azkunaga-Santibañez B, Molina-Cabañero JC, Alday A, Andrés A, Angelats C, Aquino E, Astete J, Baena I, Barasoain A, Bello P, Benito C, Benito H, Botifoll E, Burguera B, Campos C, Canduela V, Clerigué N, Comalrena C, Del Campo T, De Miguel B, Fernández R, Fernández B, García E, García M, García M, García M, García-Vao C, Herrero L, Huerta P, Humayor J, Hurtado P, Iturralde I, Jordá A, Khodayar P, Lalinde M, Lobato Z, López J, López V, Luaces C, Mangione L, Martín L, Martínez S. L, Martínez L, Martorell J, May M, Melguizo M, Mesa S, Molina J, Muñiz M, Muñoz J, Muñoz N, Oliva S, Palacios M, Pérez A, Pérez C, Pinyot M, Peñalba A, Pociello N, Rodríguez A, Rodríguez M, Señer R, Serrano I, Vázquez P, Vidal C. Actions that should not be taken with a paediatric patient who has been exposed to a potentially toxic substance. An Pediatr (Barc) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Wang L, Lee J, Huerta P, Volpe B, Diamond B. Maternal antibodies and fetal brain development. J Reprod Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Esteller E, Huerta P, Segarra F, Matiñó E, Enrique A, Ademà JM. [Undiagnosed (corrected) cases of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: a new reason for involvement of otorhinolaryngologists]. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 2008; 59:62-69. [PMID: 18341862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Spain there are around 2 million people with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome who should be treated. However, less than 10 % have been diagnosed and treated. Untreated patients are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular and neurological complications, higher accident rates, reduced quality of life and greater health-care consumption. It is necessary, therefore, to reduce these consequences through early diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the usefulness of a simple series of questions and examination as a mechanism to detect patients with undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, in a consultation with a general otorhinolaryngologist. MATERIAL AND METHOD Five hundred two consecutive patients coming to an otorhinolaryngological consultation for reasons other than sleep pathology were submitted to a series of questions and an examination of upper aerodigestive tract, to search for indications of suspected sleep apnoea. For the different clinical and anatomical comparisons, a control group of 178 consecutive already-diagnosed patients was used. RESULTS Of the 502 cases, 74 (14.7%) fulfilled the requirements for suspicion and 35 of them agreed to take a polysomnograph test (47.29%). Of this group, an apnoea/ hypopnoea index greater than 5 was found in 24 of the 35 cases (4.78%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in the group of patients studied is greater than that of the general population. With a simple interview and physical examination, a high rate of success can be obtained in the detection of undiagnosed sleep apnoea cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Esteller
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital General de Catalunya, San Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España.
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Esteller E, Huerta P, Segarra F, Matiñó E, Enrique A, Ademà J. Undiagnosed Cases of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: A New Reason for Involvement of Otorhinolaryngologists. Acta Otorrinolaringologica (English Edition) 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s2173-5735(08)70192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Vilaseca I, Huerta P, Blanch JL, Fernández-Planas AM, Jiménez C, Bernal-Sprekelsen M. Voice quality after CO2 laser cordectomy—What can we really expect? Head Neck 2007; 30:43-9. [PMID: 17636543 DOI: 10.1002/hed.20659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic management of laryngeal carcinoma has gained popularity among laryngologists based on the good oncologic and functional results. We evaluated the voice quality after laser cordectomy for early glottic cancer in a variety of vocal situations and its relation with the extension of resection and the age. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of voice quality in 42 consecutive male patients treated for T1 glottic carcinoma with laser cordectomy. Patients were compared with 21 controls. Voice quality was self-assessed by the patients. Perceptual analysis was done by a speech pathologist on a running speech sample [GRBAS (grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenicity, strain)]. Acoustic analysis included fundamental frequency (F0), jitter, shimmer, noise to harmonic ratio (N/H), and maximum phonation time (MPT) on the sustained vowels /a/ and /i/, and on various running speech voice samples. RESULTS Distribution of the patients included in the study by T classification was as follows: Tis, n = 2 (4.8%); T1a, n = 35 (83.3%); and T1b, n = 5 (11.9%). Cordectomy types were: (I), 14%; (II), 26%; (III), 21%; and (V), 38%. Voice improved in almost 60% of patients, returning to normal in 45%. GRBAS showed significant differences between patients and controls and correlated with type of cordectomy. Acoustic analysis showed significant differences in F0, and jitter, with smaller differences in shimmer, N/H, and MPT. CONCLUSION Voice quality after laser cordectomy differs from controls, but improves in a majority of patients after the surgery, with almost 50% of patients with subjective normal or near normal voice. Voice quality depends on type of cordectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Vilaseca
- Otolaryngology Department, Hospital Clínic Universitari, Barcelona, Spain.
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Vilaseca-Gonzalez I, Huerta P, Jimenez C, Bernal-Sprekelsen MS. P089: Voice Quality after Laser Cordectomy: What Can We Expect? Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.06.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Po JL, Mak A, Ginsberg D, Huerta P, Manoukian R, Shustik C, Jensen GS. Mitotic separation of daughter cells in the human lymphoma B cell line Daudi involves L-selectin engagement and shedding. Haematologica 1999; 84:785-93. [PMID: 10477450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A novel role for shedding of the surface molecule L-selectin has been proposed as an adjunctive phenomenon during cell detachment from marrow stroma or vessel endothelium. We wished to examine whether variations in expression of L-selectin on a lymphoma B cell line were linked to shedding. DESIGN AND METHODS Mapping of L-selectin expression on the surface of Daudi lymphoma cells was performed by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and electron microscopy. Levels of shed L-selectin were evaluated by Western blotting of culture supernatants. Evaluation of cell cycle and proliferative activity was performed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Large Daudi cells in S+G(2)/M phases were L-selectin positive, whereas small Daudi cells in G(0)/G(1) phase were L-selectin negative. During mitosis, L-selectin was distributed along the cleavage furrow, and gradually lost. Electron microscopy revealed that separating Daudi cells were negative for L-selectin on the entire surface, except minute aggregates of L-selectin within the cleavage furrow. Addition of agents known to interfere with the ligand-binding portion of L-selectin (sulfatides, MoAbs: Lam1.3 and TQ1) results in loss of L-selectin. Removal of L-selectin by digestion with chymotrypsin inhibits Daudi proliferation. The MoAb FMC46 did not interfere with proliferation. Proliferating Daudi cells produced large quantities of shed L-selectin. Inhibition of Daudi proliferation resulted in levels of shed L-selectin below the limit of detection. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS L-selectin is re-distributed on the cell surface of Daudi cells during the last phase of mitosis, in which plasma membrane invagination occurs between newly formed daughter cells. Shedding of L-selectin is involved in the cytokinesis of Daudi cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Po
- Dept. Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, PQ, Canada
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Tonegawa S, Tsien JZ, McHugh TJ, Huerta P, Blum KI, Wilson MA. Hippocampal CA1-region-restricted knockout of NMDAR1 gene disrupts synaptic plasticity, place fields, and spatial learning. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1996; 61:225-38. [PMID: 9246451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Tonegawa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA
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Jensen GS, Po JL, Huerta P, Shustik C. Circulating B-cells in follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma show variant expression of L-selectin epitopes. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 1995; 194:171-7. [PMID: 7534668 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-79275-5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G S Jensen
- Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Quinet EM, Huerta P, Nancoo D, Tall AR, Marcel YL, McPherson R. Adipose tissue cholesteryl ester transfer protein mRNA in response to probucol treatment: cholesterol and species dependence. J Lipid Res 1993; 34:845-52. [PMID: 8509722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Probucol treatment results in an increase in plasma concentrations of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) which may account, in part, for the effects of this agent on plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol. We have examined the mechanism by which probucol increases plasma CETP and have determined the associated changes in the plasma distribution of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Studies were carried out in nine hypercholesterolemic subjects and five normal volunteers. Probucol treatment resulted in a 31% increase in plasma concentrations of CETP and a 23% decrease in HDL cholesterol (P < 0.01). The plasma concentration of LpA-I decreased by 40% (P < 0.01) whereas no change occurred in the LpA-I/A-II subclass of HDL. Plasma CETP increased significantly by 1 week of therapy and remained stable over 10 to 14 weeks of therapy. In spite of the significant increase in plasma concentrations of CETP, the abundance of CETP mRNA in peripheral adipose tissue decreased markedly (P < 0.001). These results suggested that probucol may alter CETP synthesis in another tissue such as liver or, alternatively, may have other effects on CETP secretion into or catabolism out of the plasma pool. Further studies were carried out in hamsters because, in this species, adipose tissue is a major site and liver is a negligible site for CETP synthesis. Hamsters were fed probucol with or without dietary cholesterol because this species was previously shown to respond to dietary cholesterol with an increase in adipose tissue mRNA levels and in plasma CETP concentrations, thus providing the opportunity to determine whether probucol would alter these parameters independently of the dietary cholesterol effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Quinet
- Lipoprotein and Atherosclerosis Research Group, McGill University, Ottawa, Canada
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Huerta P, Galan P, Alcala AJ, Ribas B, Teijon JM. Effects of the administration of cadmium and zinc on the concentration of zinc in the thymus of rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 1988; 18:95-103. [PMID: 2484574 DOI: 10.1007/bf02917493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The zinc content of thymus glands of male Wistar rats has been determined during five weeks of treatment with ZnCl2 and CdCl2, and compared with a group of control rats. Thymus gland extracts were chromatographed on columns of Sephadex G-75 and the zinc content of the one hundred fractions obtained were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The rats treated with ZnCl2 showed an increase in the thymus concentration of zinc bound to high and low molecular weight proteins. The rats treated with CdCl2 showed an increase in zinc concentration, as opposed to the control group, during the first three weeks of treatment, and thereafter show a toxic effect of cadmium on the gland, with ulterior regression of the latter, and a decrease in the concentration of zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Huerta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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