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Namoto K, Baader C, Orsini V, Landshammer A, Breuer E, Dinh KT, Ungricht R, Pikiolek M, Laurent S, Lu B, Aebi A, Schönberger K, Vangrevelinghe E, Evrova O, Sun T, Annunziato S, Lachal J, Redmond E, Wang L, Wetzel K, Capodieci P, Turner J, Schutzius G, Unterreiner V, Trunzer M, Buschmann N, Behnke D, Machauer R, Scheufler C, Parker CN, Ferro M, Grevot A, Beyerbach A, Lu WY, Forbes SJ, Wagner J, Bouwmeester T, Liu J, Sohal B, Sahambi S, Greenbaum LE, Lohmann F, Hoppe P, Cong F, Sailer AW, Ruffner H, Glatthar R, Humar B, Clavien PA, Dill MT, George E, Maibaum J, Liberali P, Tchorz JS. NIBR-LTSi is a selective LATS kinase inhibitor activating YAP signaling and expanding tissue stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:554-569.e17. [PMID: 38579685 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The YAP/Hippo pathway is an organ growth and size regulation rheostat safeguarding multiple tissue stem cell compartments. LATS kinases phosphorylate and thereby inactivate YAP, thus representing a potential direct drug target for promoting tissue regeneration. Here, we report the identification and characterization of the selective small-molecule LATS kinase inhibitor NIBR-LTSi. NIBR-LTSi activates YAP signaling, shows good oral bioavailability, and expands organoids derived from several mouse and human tissues. In tissue stem cells, NIBR-LTSi promotes proliferation, maintains stemness, and blocks differentiation in vitro and in vivo. NIBR-LTSi accelerates liver regeneration following extended hepatectomy in mice. However, increased proliferation and cell dedifferentiation in multiple organs prevent prolonged systemic LATS inhibition, thus limiting potential therapeutic benefit. Together, we report a selective LATS kinase inhibitor agonizing YAP signaling and promoting tissue regeneration in vitro and in vivo, enabling future research on the regenerative potential of the YAP/Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Namoto
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Clara Baader
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Orsini
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Eva Breuer
- University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kieu Trinh Dinh
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Research Group Experimental Hepatology, Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Bo Lu
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra Aebi
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Olivera Evrova
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tianliang Sun
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Liver Diseases, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Julie Lachal
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emily Redmond
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Louis Wang
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kristie Wetzel
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Gabi Schutzius
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Markus Trunzer
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Dirk Behnke
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Magali Ferro
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Armelle Grevot
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Wei-Yu Lu
- University of Edinburgh, Center for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stuart J Forbes
- University of Edinburgh, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jürgen Wagner
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jun Liu
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bindi Sohal
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Felix Lohmann
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Hoppe
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Feng Cong
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Heinz Ruffner
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Glatthar
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bostjan Humar
- University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael T Dill
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Research Group Experimental Hepatology, Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Intoxication, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Maibaum
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Prisca Liberali
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan S Tchorz
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
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Ahmed N, Kull T, Hoppe P, Loeffler D, Schroeder T. 2002 – LIVE SINGLE CELL QUANTIFICATION OF GATA SWITCH DYNAMICS DURING ADULT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ERYTHROPOIESIS IDENTIFY NOVEL REGULATORY MECHANISMS OF ERYTHROPOIESIS. Exp Hematol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lopes R, Sprouffske K, Sheng C, Uijttewaal ECH, Wesdorp AE, Dahinden J, Wengert S, Diaz-Miyar J, Yildiz U, Bleu M, Apfel V, Mermet-Meillon F, Krese R, Eder M, Olsen AV, Hoppe P, Knehr J, Carbone W, Cuttat R, Waldt A, Altorfer M, Naumann U, Weischenfeldt J, deWeck A, Kauffmann A, Roma G, Schübeler D, Galli GG. Systematic dissection of transcriptional regulatory networks by genome-scale and single-cell CRISPR screens. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabf5733. [PMID: 34215580 PMCID: PMC11057712 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf5733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Millions of putative transcriptional regulatory elements (TREs) have been cataloged in the human genome, yet their functional relevance in specific pathophysiological settings remains to be determined. This is critical to understand how oncogenic transcription factors (TFs) engage specific TREs to impose transcriptional programs underlying malignant phenotypes. Here, we combine cutting edge CRISPR screens and epigenomic profiling to functionally survey ≈15,000 TREs engaged by estrogen receptor (ER). We show that ER exerts its oncogenic role in breast cancer by engaging TREs enriched in GATA3, TFAP2C, and H3K27Ac signal. These TREs control critical downstream TFs, among which TFAP2C plays an essential role in ER-driven cell proliferation. Together, our work reveals novel insights into a critical oncogenic transcription program and provides a framework to map regulatory networks, enabling to dissect the function of the noncoding genome of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lopes
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Kathleen Sprouffske
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caibin Sheng
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Esther C H Uijttewaal
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adriana Emma Wesdorp
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Dahinden
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon Wengert
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juan Diaz-Miyar
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Umut Yildiz
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Melusine Bleu
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Verena Apfel
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fanny Mermet-Meillon
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rok Krese
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Eder
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - André Vidas Olsen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Philipp Hoppe
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Judith Knehr
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Walter Carbone
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Cuttat
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annick Waldt
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Altorfer
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Naumann
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Weischenfeldt
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antoine deWeck
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Kauffmann
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guglielmo Roma
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Schübeler
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio G Galli
- Disease area Oncology, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.
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Diederichs G, Hoppe P, Collettini F, Wassilew G, Hamm B, Brenner W, Makowski MR. Evaluation of bone viability in patients after girdlestone arthroplasty: comparison of bone SPECT/CT and MRI. Skeletal Radiol 2017. [PMID: 28623409 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-017-2692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the diagnostic performance of bone SPECT/CT and MRI for the evaluation of bone viability in patients after girdlestone-arthroplasty with histopathology used as gold standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, patients after girdlestone-arthroplasty were imaged with single-photon-emission-computed-tomography/computed-tomography (SPECT/CT) bone-scans using 99mTc-DPD. Additionally, 1.5 T MRI was performed with turbo-inversion-recovery-magnitude (TIRM), contrast-enhanced T1-fat sat (FS) and T1-mapping. All imaging was performed within 24 h prior to revision total-hip-arthroplasty in patients with a girdlestone-arthroplasty. In each patient, four standardized bone-tissue-biopsies (14 patients) were taken intraoperatively at the remaining acetabulum superior/inferior and trochanter major/minor. Histopathological evaluation of bone samples regarding bone viability was used as gold standard. RESULTS A total of 56 bone-segments were analysed and classified as vital (n = 39) or nonvital (n = 17) by histopathology. Mineral/late-phase SPECT/CT showed a high sensitivity (90%) and specificity (94%) to distinguish viable and nonviable bone tissue. TIRM (sensitivity 87%, specificity 88%) and contrast-enhanced T1-FS (sensitivity 90%, specificity 88%) also achieved a high sensitivity and specificity. T1-mapping achieved the lowest values (sensitivity 82%, specificity 82%). False positive results in SPECT/CT and MRI resulted from small bone fragments close to metal artefacts. CONCLUSIONS Both bone SPECT/CT and MRI allow a reliable differentiation between viable and nonviable bone tissue in patients after girdlestone arthroplasty. The findings of this study could also be relevant for the evaluation of bone viability in the context of avascular bone necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Diederichs
- Department of Radiology, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Hoppe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Collettini
- Department of Radiology, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Wassilew
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - B Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - W Brenner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - M R Makowski
- Department of Radiology, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Botnar RM, Ebersberger H, Noerenberg D, Jansen CHP, Wiethoff AJ, Schuster A, Kasner M, Walter TC, Knobloch G, Hoppe P, Diederichs G, Hamm B, Makowski MR. Molecular imaging in cardiovascular diseases. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2015; 36:92-101. [PMID: 25585260 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1385451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized and developing countries. In clinical practice, the in-vivo identification of atherosclerotic lesions, which can lead to complications such as heart attack or stroke, remains difficult. Imaging techniques provide the reference standard for the detection of clinically significant atherosclerotic changes in the coronary and carotid arteries. The assessment of the luminal narrowing is feasible, while the differentiation of stable and potentially unstable or vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques is currently not possible using non-invasive imaging. With high spatial resolution and high soft tissue contrast, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a suitable method for the evaluation of the thin arterial wall. In clinical practice, native MRI of the vessel wall already allows the differentiation and characterization of components of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries and the aorta. Additional diagnostic information can be gained by the use of non-specific MRI contrast agents. With the development of targeted molecular probes, that highlight specific molecules or cells, pathological processes can be visualized at a molecular level with high spatial resolution. In this review article, the development of pathophysiological changes leading to the development of the arterial wall are introduced and discussed. Additionally, principles of contrast enhanced imaging with non-specific contrast agents and molecular probes will be discussed and latest developments in the field of molecular imaging of the vascular wall will be introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Botnar
- Imaging Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre, Division of Imaging Science, Biomedical Research Centre of Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, London
| | - H Ebersberger
- Heart Center Munich-Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany, Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Munich
| | | | - C H P Jansen
- Imaging Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre, Division of Imaging Science, Biomedical Research Centre of Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, London
| | - A J Wiethoff
- Imaging Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre, Division of Imaging Science, Biomedical Research Centre of Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, London
| | - A Schuster
- Imaging Sciences, King's College London BHF Centre, Division of Imaging Science, Biomedical Research Centre of Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, London
| | - M Kasner
- Department of Cardiology, CBF, Charité, Berlin
| | - T C Walter
- Institute for Radiology, CVK, Charité, Berlin
| | - G Knobloch
- Institute for Radiology, CCM, Charité, Berlin
| | - P Hoppe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité, Berlin
| | | | - B Hamm
- Institute for Radiology, CCM, Charité, Berlin
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6
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Etzrodt M, Hoppe P, Endele M, Schroeder T. Single cell analysis of cytokine-dependent transcription factor dynamics in hematopoietic progenitors. Exp Hematol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.05.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hoppe P, Schwarzfischer M, Nerlov C, Theis F, Schroeder T. Myeloid lineage choice is not controlled by the PU.1 - Gata1 switch. Exp Hematol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.05.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Harris E, Sinha B, van Pinxteren D, Tilgner A, Fomba KW, Schneider J, Roth A, Gnauk T, Fahlbusch B, Mertes S, Lee T, Collett J, Foley S, Borrmann S, Hoppe P, Herrmann H. Enhanced Role of Transition Metal Ion Catalysis During In-Cloud Oxidation of SO2. Science 2013; 340:727-30. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1230911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Hoppe P, Tiews J, Last W, Klee W, Koch G. Pflanzliche Carotinoide als Indikatoren zur Bestimmung der Grünfutterverdaulichkeit beim Wiederkäuer1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.1972.tb00169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Holzapfel C, Soldera F, Vollmer C, Hoppe P, Mücklich F. TEM foil preparation of sub-micrometre sized individual grains by focused ion beam technique. J Microsc 2009; 235:59-66. [PMID: 19566627 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2009.03181.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of presolar silicate grains provides new knowledge on interstellar and circumstellar environments and can be used to test models of the Galactic chemical evolution. However, structural information of these grains is rare because sample preparation for transmission electron microscopy is very difficult due to the small dimensions of these grains (<0.5 mum). With the use of the focused ion beam technique thin foils from these grains for transmission electron microscopy analysis can be prepared. Nevertheless, reaching the required precision of some tens of nanometres for the preparation of the transmission electron microscopy foil in the place of interest is not trivial. Furthermore, in the current samples, the grain of interest can only be identified by its different isotopic composition; i.e. there is no contrast difference in scanning electron microscopy or transmission electron microscopy images which allow the identification of the grain. Therefore, the grain has to be marked in some way before preparing the transmission electron microscopy foil. In the present paper, a method for transmission electron microscopy foil preparation of grains about 200 to 400 nm in diameter is presented. The method utilizes marking of the grain by Pt deposition and milling of holes to aid in the exact orientation of the transmission electron microscopy foil with respect to the grain. The proposed method will be explained in detail by using an example grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Holzapfel
- Department Materials Science, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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11
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Horvath-Bordon E, Riedel R, McMillan P, Miehe G, Kroll P, van Aken P, Zerr A, Hoppe P, McLaren I, Lauterbach S, Shebanova O, Kroke E, Boehler R. Single Crystals of a new Carbon Nitride Phase. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200670101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Seper L, Hoppe P, Kruse-Lösler B, Büchter A, Joos U, Kleinheinz J. [Aggressive fibromatosis in the jaw and facial region with bone involvement. A review]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 9:349-62. [PMID: 16142459 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-005-0639-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive fibromatosis (AF) involving bones of the head is rare and surgery is often complicated by a high recurrence rate. Interdisciplinary treatment is of the utmost importance to avoid extensive, mutilating resection. Two cases emphasize the difficulties in the management. CASE REPORTS A 67-year-old woman was referred to our unit with a blepharochalasis of the left upper palpebra and a palsy of the face on the left side. Her medical history included 12 operations over the previous 4 years for an extensive AF. MATERIAL AND METHODS Our review includes all case reports of AF involving bones of the head published between 1960 and 2004. Additionally, our two cases are presented. Signs, symptoms and outcome were analyzed in relation to different treatment options. CONCLUSION According to the literature, surgery is the most common treatment for AF in the head and neck region. Alternative modes of therapy must be considered because of the high recurrence rate and to avoid mutilating operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Seper
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund- und Kiefer-Gesichtschirurgie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster.
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Postert T, Hoppe P, Federlein J, Helbeck S, Ermert H, Przuntek H, Büttner T, Wilkening W. Contrast agent specific imaging modes for the ultrasonic assessment of parenchymal cerebral echo contrast enhancement. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2000; 20:1709-16. [PMID: 11129787 DOI: 10.1097/00004647-200012000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous work has demonstrated that cerebral echo contrast enhancement can be assessed by means of transcranial ultrasound using transient response second harmonic imaging (HI). The current study was designed to explore possible advantages of two new contrast agent specific imaging modes, contrast burst imaging (CBI) and time variance imaging (TVI), that are based on the detection of destruction or splitting of microbubbles caused by ultrasound in comparison with contrast harmonic imaging (CHI), which is a broadband phase-inversion-based implementation of HI. Nine healthy individuals with adequate acoustic temporal bone windows were included in the study. Contrast harmonic imaging, CBI, and TVI examinations were performed in an axial diencephalic plane of section after an intravenous bolus injection of 4 g galactose-based microbubble suspension in a concentration of 400 mg/mL. Using time-intensity curves, peak intensities and times-to peak-intensity (TPIs) were calculated off-line in anterior and posterior parts of the thalamus, in the region of the lentiform nucleus, and in the white matter. The potential of the different techniques to visualize cerebral contrast enhancement in different brain areas was compared. All techniques produced accurate cerebral contrast enhancement in the majority of investigated brain areas. Contrast harmonic imaging visualized signal increase in 28 of 36 regions of interest (ROIs). In comparison, TVI and CBI examinations were successful in 32 and 35 investigations, respectively. In CHI examinations, contrast enhancement was most difficult to visualize in posterior parts of the thalamus (6 of 9) and the lentiform nucleus (6 of 9). In TVI examinations, anterior parts of the thalamus showed signal increase in only 6 of 9 examinations. For all investigated imaging modes, PIs and TPIs in different ROIs did not differ significantly, except that TVI demonstrated significantly higher PIs in the lentiform nucleus as compared with the thalamus and the white matter (P < 0.05). The current study demonstrates for the first time that CBI and TVI represent new ultrasonic tools that allow noninvasive assessment of focal cerebral contrast enhancement and that CBI and TVI improve diagnostic sensitivity as compared with CHI.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Postert
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
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15
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Abstract
Optical and scanning electron microscopy of a chondrule-free clast in the unequilibrated L3 chondrite Khohar revealed a spherical object consisting of an aggregate of small ( approximately 2- micrometer diameter), Ni-poor (0.5 to 2.89 weight percent) metal particles and fine-grained graphite (<1-micrometer diameter). The graphite has large D and 15N excesses (deltaD approximately 1500 per mil and delta15N approximately 1300 per mil) with two isotopically distinct signatures: N rich with a high D/H ratio and N poor with a high 15N/14N ratio. These excesses are the largest D and 15N excesses observed in situ in a well-characterized phase in a meteorite. The isotopic characteristics are suggestive of an interstellar origin, probably by ion-molecule reactions at low temperature in the interstellar molecular cloud from which the solar system formed. The structure and nonchondritic composition of the metal particles suggest they did not form under equilibrium conditions in the solar nebula.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mostefaoui
- S. Mostefaoui and A. El Goresy, Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Postfach 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany. P. Hoppe, Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland, and Max Planck-Institut fur Chem
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16
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Lipman RD, Donohue LR, Hoppe P, Bronson RT. Evidence that lysosomal storage of proteolipids is a cell autonomous process in the motor neuron degeneration (mnd) mouse, a model of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Neurosci Lett 1996; 219:111-4. [PMID: 8971792 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(96)13185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The motor neuron degeneration (mnd) mouse has been documented to accumulate proteolipid and thus is a model of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis [Dunn, W.A., Raizada, M.K., Vogt, E.S. and Brown, E.A., Int. J. Dev. Neurosci., 12 (1994) 185-196; Faust, J.R., Rodman, J.S., Daniel, P.F., Dice, J.F. and Bronson, R.T., J. Biol. Chem., 269 (1994) 10150-10155]. While accumulation of proteolipid in the hippocampus of chimeric mice composed of mnd and +/+ cells was found to be proportional to the contribution of mnd in the brain, accumulation within individual cells was the same for cells from chimeric and age-matched mnd mice. Bone marrow transplantation was used to altering the milieu of circulating factors to determine whether this might modify the disease phenotype in mnd mice. Transplantation of bone marrow in neonatal or young mice did not reduce the age-associated accumulation of proteolipid within hippocampal neurons. The results of these experiments indicate that mnd results in a cell autonomous defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Lipman
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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17
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Abstract
The circumstellar silicon carbide (SiC) grain X57 from the Murchison meteorite contains large amounts of radiogenic calcium-44 (20 times its solar system abundance) and has an anomalous silicon isotopic composition, different from other circumstellar SiC grains. Its inferred initial 44Ti/Si and 44Ti/48Ti ratios are 1.6 x 10(-4) and 0.37. In addition, it contains radiogenic magnesium-26; the inferred initial 26Al/27Al ratio is 0.11. The isotopic and elemental data of X57 can be explained by selective mixing of matter from different zones of a typical type II supernova of 25 solar masses during its explosion. The high 44Ti/Si ratio requires contributions from the innermost nickel zone of the supernova to the SiC condensation site, as similarly suggested by astronomical observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hoppe
- P. Hoppe, R. Strebel, P. Eberhardt, Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. S. Amari and R. S. Lewis, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Hoppe P, Strebel R, Eberhardt P, Amari S, Lewis RS. Small SiC grains and a nitride grain of circumstellar origin from the Murchison meteorite: implications for stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 1996; 60:883-907. [PMID: 11539147 DOI: 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the results of SIMS isotopic analyses of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and silicon made on 849 small (approximately 1 micrometer) individual silicon carbide grains from the Murchison meteorite. The isotopic compositions of the major elements carbon and silicon of most grains (mainstream) are similar to those observed in larger grain studies suggesting an AGB star origin of these grains. In contrast, the trace element nitrogen shows a clear dependency on grain size. 14N/15N ratios increase with decreasing grain size, suggesting different stellar sources for grains of different size. Typically observed 14N/15N ratios in the small grains of this study are approximately 2700, clearly larger than the values expected from model calculations of AGB stars. In addition to the three dredge-up episodes characteristic for the evolution of AGB stars, extra-mixing of CNO-processed matter in low mass AGB stars appears to be a promising possibility in order to explain the high 14N/15N ratios of the small circumstellar SiC grains. A small fraction of grains shows a silicon isotopic signature not observed in larger circumstellar SiC grains from Murchison. Their stellar origin is still uncertain. The minor type A, B, Y, and X grains were found to be present at a level of a percent, which is similar to their abundance in the larger-grain SiC separates from Murchison. Oxygen isotopic compositions are normal within the experimental uncertainties of several 10%, indicating that oxygen of stellar origin is rare or even absent in the SiC grains. We conclude that most of the oxygen is a contaminant which was introduced into the SiC grains after their formation, e.g., during sample processing in the laboratory. We identified a nitride grain, most likely Si3N4 with little carbon, with highly anomalous isotopic compositions (12C/13C = 157 +/- 33, 14N/15N = 18 +/- 1, delta 29 Si = -43 +/- 56%, delta 30 Si = -271 +/- 50%). The isotopic patterns of carbon, nitrogen, and silicon resemble those of the rare SiC X grains suggesting that these two rare constituents of circumstellar matter formed in the same type of stellar source, namely, Type II supernovae.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hoppe
- Physikalisches Institut, Unversitat Bern, Switzerland
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19
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Banerjee SA, Hoppe P, Brilliant M, Chikaraishi DM. 5' flanking sequences of the rat tyrosine hydroxylase gene target accurate tissue-specific, developmental, and transsynaptic expression in transgenic mice. J Neurosci 1992; 12:4460-7. [PMID: 1359037 PMCID: PMC6575984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic mice were generated in which sequences that flank the rat tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene were linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene. Mice bearing 4.8 kilobases (kb) of 5' flanking DNA exhibited correct tissue-specific expression in the CNS and periphery. Expression was more robust in the CNS than in the periphery, although CAT activity was clearly detected in sympathetic ganglia (superior cervical ganglia) and the adrenal, the two peripheral tissues that contain TH-positive cells. Within the brain, CAT expression was seen in all the expected areas containing TH-positive cell bodies, with little or no expression in other regions. In the olfactory bulb, which contains the majority of the CNS TH cells, developmental expression of CAT was quantifiable and was found to parallel the postnatal rise in endogenous TH, with both TH and CAT reaching adult levels by postnatal day 21. Since TH activity in the olfactory bulb requires afferent input, the dependence of CAT activity on transsynaptic input was also assayed in transgenic mice. Like the endogenous TH activity, CAT levels were also reduced by deafferentation, in parallel with loss in endogenous dopamine levels. While previous experiments demonstrated that shorter 5' flanking regions (2.5 kb and 3.5 kb of 5' upstream sequences of the human and mouse TH gene, respectively) failed to direct accurate tissue-specific expression, our data demonstrate that 4.8 kb of 5' flanking sequence of the rat TH gene contains sufficient regulatory information to mediate appropriate tissue-specific expression in all CNS and PNS tissues, as well as to mediate developmental and transsynaptic expression in the olfactory bulb.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
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Tiedemann H, Lottspeich F, Davids M, Knöchel S, Hoppe P, Tiedemann H. The vegetalizing factor. A member of the evolutionarily highly conserved activin family. FEBS Lett 1992; 300:123-6. [PMID: 1563511 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(92)80178-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The mesoderm and endoderm inducing vegetalizing factor was partially sequenced after BrCN cleavage. A sequence which is highly conserved in activin A near the C-terminal end was identified. This shows that the factor belongs to the activin family. The activins are not confined to embryos and gonads, but widely distributed in other tissues like calf kidney and calf liver. Functional aspects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tiedemann
- Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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21
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Abstract
Acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) and the mRNAs encoding the four AChR subunits are highly concentrated in the synaptic region of skeletal myofibers. The initial localization of AChRs to synaptic sites is triggered by the nerve and is caused, in part, by post-translational mechanisms that involve a redistribution of AChR protein in the myotube membrane. We have used transgenic mice that harbor a gene fusion between the murine AChR delta subunit gene and the human growth hormone gene to show that innervation also activates two independent transcriptional pathways that are important for establishing and maintaining this non-uniform distribution of AChR mRNA and protein. One pathway is triggered by signal(s) that are associated with myofiber depolarization, and these signals act to repress delta subunit gene expression in nuclei throughout the myofiber. Denervation of muscle removes this repression and causes activation of delta subunit gene expression in nuclei in non-synaptic regions of the myofiber. A second pathway is triggered by an unknown signal that is associated with the synaptic site, and this signal acts locally to activate delta subunit gene expression only in nuclei within the synaptic region. Synapse-specific expression, however, does not depend upon the continuous presence of the nerve, since transcriptional activation of the delta subunit gene in subsynaptic nuclei persists after denervation. Thus, the nuclei in the synaptic region of multinucleated skeletal myofibers are transcriptionally distinct from nuclei elsewhere in the myofiber, and this spatially restricted transcription pattern is presumably imposed initially by the nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Simon
- Biology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139
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Asashima M, Uchiyama H, Nakano H, Eto Y, Ejima D, Sugino H, Davids M, Plessow S, Born J, Hoppe P. The vegetalizing factor from chicken embryos: its EDF (activin A)-like activity. Mech Dev 1991; 34:135-41. [PMID: 1911396 DOI: 10.1016/0925-4773(91)90050-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The erythroid differentiation capacity of the HPLC-purified mesoderm- and endoderm-inducing vegetalizing factor from chicken embryos and of recombinant erythroid differentiation factor (EDF = activin A), an evolutionary highly conserved member of the TGF-beta protein superfamily have been compared. Both factors stimulate the synthesis of hemoglobin in erythroleukemia cells in the same concentration range. The EDF-activity of the mesoderm-inducing HPLC-fractions is inhibited by follistatin, an EDF-binding protein. The factor induces in ectoderm of Triturus taeniatus all kinds of mesodermal organs. The wide spectrum of organs is very likely to be induced by secondary interactions. At higher concentration (15 ng/ml), notochord- and endoderm-like tissues are induced in a high percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Asashima
- Department of Biology, Yokohama City University, Japan
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Plessow S, Davids M, Born J, Hoppe P, Loppnow-Blinde B, Tiedemann H, Tiedemann H. Isolation of a vegetalizing inducing factor after extraction with acid ethanol. Concentration-dependent inducing capacity of the factor. Cell Differ Dev 1990; 32:27-38. [PMID: 2090330 DOI: 10.1016/0922-3371(90)90096-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A vegetalizing factor has been isolated from chicken embryos by an improved method. The factor is extracted with acid/ethanol and finally purified by four consecutive steps of reversed phase HPLC. The molecular mass is about 25 kDa. The factor dissociates after reduction with dithiothreitol into two subunits of about 13 kDa. The factor was tested on Triturus alpestris by the implantation method, and on isolated ectoderm of Xenopus laevis in solution. The factor induces as the crude fractions all types of mesodermal tissues dependent on the concentration of the factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Plessow
- Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, F.R.G
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Asashima M, Nakano H, Uchiyama H, Davids M, Plessow S, Loppnow-Blinde B, Hoppe P, Dau H, Tiedemann H. The vegetalizing factor belongs to a family of mesoderm-inducing proteins related to erythroid differentiation factor. Naturwissenschaften 1990; 77:389-91. [PMID: 2274069 DOI: 10.1007/bf01135742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Asashima
- Department of Biology, Yokohama City University, Japan
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Heintze A, Görlach J, Leuschner C, Hoppe P, Hagelstein P, Schulze-Siebert D, Schultz G. Plastidic Isoprenoid Synthesis during Chloroplast Development : Change from Metabolic Autonomy to a Division-of-Labor Stage. Plant Physiol 1990; 93:1121-7. [PMID: 16667567 PMCID: PMC1062640 DOI: 10.1104/pp.93.3.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast isoprenoid synthesis of very young leaves is supplied by the plastidic CO(2) --> pyruvate --> acetyl-coenzyme A (C(3) --> C(2)) metabolism (D Schulze-Siebert, G Schultz [1987] Plant Physiol 84: 1233-1237) and occurs via the plastidic mevalonate pathway. The plastidic C(3) --> C(2) metabolism and/or plastidic mevalonate pathway of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings changes from maximal activity at the leaf base (containing developing chloroplasts with incomplete thylakoid stacking but a considerable rate of photosynthetic CO(2)-fixation) almost to ineffectivity at the leaf tip (containing mature chloroplasts with maximal photosynthetic activity). The ability to import isopentenyl diphosphate from the extraplastidic space gradually increases to substitute for the loss of endogenous intermediate supply for chloroplast isoprenoid synthesis (change from autonomic to division-of-labor stage). Fatty acid synthesis from NaH(14)CO(3) decreases in the same manner as shown for leaf sections and chloroplasts isolated from these. Evidence has been obtained for a drastic decrease of pyruvate decarboxylase-dehydrogenase activity during chloroplast development compared with other anabolic chloroplast pathways (synthesis of aromatic amino acid and branched chain amino acids). The noncompetition of pyruvate and acetate in isotopic dilution studies indicates that both a pyruvate-derived and an acetate-derived compound are simultaneously needed to form introductory intermediates of the mevalonate pathway, presumably acetoacetyl-coenzyme A.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heintze
- Botanisches Institut, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17 D, D 3000 Hannover 71, Federal Republic of Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- G Duthie
- Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, Scotland, U.K
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Knöchel W, Born J, Hoppe P, Loppnow-Blinde B, Tiedemann H, Tiedemann H, McKeehan WL, Grunz H. Mesoderm-inducing factors. Their possible relationship to heparin-binding growth factors and transforming growth factor-beta. Naturwissenschaften 1987; 74:604-6. [PMID: 3481645 DOI: 10.1007/bf00368525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W Knöchel
- Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Freien Universität, Berlin
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28
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Born J, Hoppe P, Janeczek J, Tiedemann H, Tiedemann H. Covalent coupling of neuralizing factors from Xenopus to Sepharose beads: no decrease of inducing activity. Cell Differ 1986; 19:97-101. [PMID: 3757041 DOI: 10.1016/0045-6039(86)90066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Two neural inducing factors extracted from Xenopus gastrulae, a basic protein from ribonucleoprotein particles and an acidic protein from the high speed supernatant were covalently bound to CNBr-Sepharose or cross-linked CNBr-Sepharose particles. The protein-Sepharose complexes cannot be taken up by the competent ectoderm cells, but both factors remain fully active. The inducing activity is not due to a release of the bound factors. The experiments suggest that both neural inducing factors act on the cell surface of the competent ectoderm cells.
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Born J, Hoppe P, Schwarz W, Tiedemann H, Tiedemann H, Wittmann-Liebold B. An embryonic inducing factor: isolation by high performance liquid chromatography and chemical properties. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler 1985; 366:729-35. [PMID: 4063073 DOI: 10.1515/bchm3.1985.366.2.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A protein (vegetalizing factor) which induces amphibian gastrula ectoderm to tissues which in normal development are derived from endoderm and mesoderm has been isolated from chicken embryo trunks by a combination of size exclusion and reversed phase HPLC. An amount of 0.5 ng factor per gastrula evokes inductions in 80-100% of the cases. The protein (apparent Mr approximately 13 000) is split by NaBH4 to polypeptide chains of about half the size under conditions in which disulfide bridges are reduced. The biological activity is lost.
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Bartelmus C, Giesecke D, Hoppe P. Vitamin A storage in the liver of certain African wild ruminants and elephant. Koedoe 1976. [DOI: 10.4102/koedoe.v19i1.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The levels of vitamin A were determined in liver samples from 40 animals including ruminant species feeding on grass (4 buffalo, 6 blue wildebeest, 5 gemsbok) or mainly on plant material other than grass (10 impala, 3 springbok, 7 kudu and 5 elephants). The mean values obtained for the ruminant species ranged from 212 to 1217 I.U. vitamin A/g liver fresh weight mass and showed no relationship to the percentage of grass in rumen contents. An unusually low level of 67 I.U. was found in elephant.
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Abstract
Fermentation of leafy food occurs in the enlarged saccus gastricus of the colobus monkey with the formation of volatile fatty acid, as in the rumen of ruminant animals. About half of the digestible organic matter and cellulose of the diet is digested in this way.
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Hoppe P, Kay RN, Maloiy GM. Proceedings: The rumen as a reservoir during dehydration and rehydration in the camel. J Physiol 1976; 254:76P-77P. [PMID: 1249773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Hoppe P, Kay RN, Maloiy GM. Salivary secretion in the camel. J Physiol 1975; 244:32P-33P. [PMID: 1123756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Brüggemann J, Busch L, Drescher-Kaden U, Eisele W, Hoppe P. Pesticid- und PCB-Rückstände in Organen von Wildtieren als Indikatoren für Umweltkontamination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01901854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Drescher-Kaden U, Hoppe P. Vergleichende hämatologische Untersuchungen an wildlebenden Wiederkäuern (Rehe, Rotwild, Gemsen, Rentiere). EUR J WILDLIFE RES 1972. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01905805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Drescher-Kaden U, Hoppe P. [Vitamin A storage in the liver of wild pigs (Sus scrofa Linnalus 1758)]. Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd 1972; 29:276-84. [PMID: 5054185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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37
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