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Rodríguez-Calcerrada J, Rodrigues AM, António C, Perdiguero P, Pita P, Collada C, Li M, Gil L. Stem metabolism under drought stress - a paradox of increasing respiratory substrates and decreasing respiratory rates. Physiol Plant 2021; 172:391-404. [PMID: 32671841 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic changes underpinning drought-induced variations in stem respiration (Rs ) are unknown. We measured Rs rates and metabolite and gene expression profiles in Ulmus minor Mill. and Quercus ilex L. seedlings subjected to increasing levels of drought stress to better understand how carbon, nitrogen and energy metabolism interact during drought. In both species, only plants showing extreme stress symptoms - i.e. negligible rates of leaf stomatal conductance and photosynthesis, and high stem dehydration (30-50% of maximum water storage) and contraction (50-150 μm week-1 ) - exhibited lower Rs rates than well-watered plants. Abundance of low-molecular weight sugars (e.g. glucose and fructose) and sugar alcohols (e.g. mannitol) increased with drought, at more moderate stress and to a higher extent in Q. ilex than U. minor. Abundance of amino acids increased at more severe stress, more abruptly, and to a higher extent in U. minor, coinciding with leaf senescence, which did not occur in Q. ilex. Organic acids changed less in response to drought: threonate and glycerate increased, and citrate decreased although slightly in both species. Transcripts of genes coding for enzymes of the Krebs cycle decreased in Q. ilex and increased in U. minor in conditions of extreme drought stress. The maintenance of Rs under severe growth and photosynthetic restrictions reveals the importance of stem mitochondrial activity in drought acclimation. The eventual decline in Rs diverts carbon substrates from entering the Krebs cycle that may help to cope with osmotic and oxidative stress during severe drought and to recover hydraulic functionality afterwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada
- Grupo de Investigación Sistemas Naturales e Historia Forestal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Ana M Rodrigues
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Carla António
- Plant Metabolomics Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Pedro Perdiguero
- Animal Health Research Center, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid, 28130, Spain
| | - Pilar Pita
- Grupo de Investigación Sistemas Naturales e Historia Forestal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Carmen Collada
- Grupo de Investigación Sistemas Naturales e Historia Forestal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Meng Li
- Grupo de Investigación Sistemas Naturales e Historia Forestal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Luis Gil
- Grupo de Investigación Sistemas Naturales e Historia Forestal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
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Anderegg WRL, Wolf A, Arango‐Velez A, Choat B, Chmura DJ, Jansen S, Kolb T, Li S, Meinzer FC, Pita P, Resco de Dios V, Sperry JS, Wolfe BT, Pacala S. Woody plants optimise stomatal behaviour relative to hydraulic risk. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:968-977. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brendan Choat
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith 2751 NSW Australia
| | - Daniel J. Chmura
- Institute of Dendrology Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Parkowa 5 62‐035 Kórnik Poland
| | - Steven Jansen
- Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology Ulm University Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Thomas Kolb
- School of Forestry Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
| | - Shan Li
- Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology Ulm University Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Department of Wood Anatomy and Utilization Research Institute of Wood Industry Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China
| | | | - Pilar Pita
- Technical University of Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Víctor Resco de Dios
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences and Agrotecnio Center Universitat de Lleida Lleida 25198 Spain
| | - John S. Sperry
- Department of Biology University of Utah Salt Lake City UT84112 USA
| | | | - Stephen Pacala
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
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Pita P, Rodríguez-Calcerrada J, Medel D, Gil L. Further insights into the components of resistance to Ophiostoma novo-ulmi in Ulmus minor: hydraulic conductance, stomatal sensitivity and bark dehydration. Tree Physiol 2018; 38:252-262. [PMID: 29040781 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dutch elm disease (DED) is a vascular disease that has killed over 1 billion elm trees. The pathogen spreads throughout the xylem network triggering vessel blockage, which results in water stress, tissue dehydration and extensive leaf wilting in susceptible genotypes. We investigated the differences between four Ulmus minor Mill. clones of contrasting susceptibility to Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier regarding morphological, anatomical and physiological traits affecting water transport, in order to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying DED susceptibility. We analyzed the differential response to water shortage and increased air vapor pressure deficit (VPD) to investigate whether resistance to water stress might be related to DED tolerance. Sixteen plants per clone, aged 2 years, were grown inside a greenhouse under differential watering. Stomatal conductance was measured under ambient and increased VPD. Growth, bark water content and stem hydraulic and anatomical parameters were measured 22 days after starting differential watering. Vessel lumen area, lumen fraction and hydraulic conductance were highest in susceptible clones. Stomatal conductance was lowest under low VPD and decreased faster under increased VPD in resistant clones. We found a negative relationship between the decrease in stomatal conductance at increased VPD and specific hydraulic conductance, revealing a narrower hydraulic margin for sustaining transpiration in resistant clones. The effect of water shortage was greater on radial stem growth than on leaf area, which could be explained through an extensive use of capacitance water to buffer xylem water potential. Water shortage reduced stomatal conductance and vessel lumen area. Bark water content under conditions of water shortage only decreased in susceptible clones. Higher hydraulic constraints to sap flow in resistant clones may determine higher stomatal sensitivity to VPD and so contribute to DED resistance by limiting pathogen expansion and reducing water loss and metabolic impairment in cells involved in fighting against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Pita
- ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Dep. Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada
- ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Dep. Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Medel
- ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Dep. Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Gil
- ETSI Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Dep. Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Anderegg WRL, Wolf A, Arango-Velez A, Choat B, Chmura DJ, Jansen S, Kolb T, Li S, Meinzer F, Pita P, Resco de Dios V, Sperry JS, Wolfe BT, Pacala S. Plant water potential improves prediction of empirical stomatal models. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185481. [PMID: 29023453 PMCID: PMC5638234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is expected to lead to increases in drought frequency and severity, with deleterious effects on many ecosystems. Stomatal responses to changing environmental conditions form the backbone of all ecosystem models, but are based on empirical relationships and are not well-tested during drought conditions. Here, we use a dataset of 34 woody plant species spanning global forest biomes to examine the effect of leaf water potential on stomatal conductance and test the predictive accuracy of three major stomatal models and a recently proposed model. We find that current leaf-level empirical models have consistent biases of over-prediction of stomatal conductance during dry conditions, particularly at low soil water potentials. Furthermore, the recently proposed stomatal conductance model yields increases in predictive capability compared to current models, and with particular improvement during drought conditions. Our results reveal that including stomatal sensitivity to declining water potential and consequent impairment of plant water transport will improve predictions during drought conditions and show that many biomes contain a diversity of plant stomatal strategies that range from risky to conservative stomatal regulation during water stress. Such improvements in stomatal simulation are greatly needed to help unravel and predict the response of ecosystems to future climate extremes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. L. Anderegg
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Adam Wolf
- Arable Labs, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Adriana Arango-Velez
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Brendan Choat
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel J. Chmura
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Steven Jansen
- Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Kolb
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Shan Li
- Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frederick Meinzer
- Pacific Northwest Research Station, United States Forest Service, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Pilar Pita
- Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Resco de Dios
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences and Agrotecnio Center, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - John S. Sperry
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | | | - Stephen Pacala
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
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Rodríguez-Calcerrada J, Li M, López R, Cano FJ, Oleksyn J, Atkin OK, Pita P, Aranda I, Gil L. Drought-induced shoot dieback starts with massive root xylem embolism and variable depletion of nonstructural carbohydrates in seedlings of two tree species. New Phytol 2017; 213:597-610. [PMID: 27575435 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Combining hydraulic- and carbon-related measurements helps to understand drought-induced plant mortality. Here, we investigated the role that plant respiration (R) plays in determining carbon budgets under drought. We measured the hydraulic conductivity of stems and roots, and gas exchange and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations of leaves, stems and roots of seedlings of two resprouting species exposed to drought or well-watered conditions: Ulmus minor (riparian tree) and Quercus ilex (dryland tree). With increasing water stress (occurring more rapidly in larger U. minor), declines in leaf, stem and root R were less pronounced than that in leaf net photosynthetic CO2 uptake (Pn ). Daytime whole-plant carbon gain was negative below -4 and -6 MPa midday xylem water potential in U. minor and Q. ilex, respectively. Relative to controls, seedlings exhibiting shoot dieback suffered c. 80% loss of hydraulic conductivity in both species, and reductions in NSC concentrations in U. minor. Higher drought-induced depletion of NSC reserves in U. minor was related to higher plant R, faster stomatal closure, and premature leaf-shedding. Differences in drought resistance relied on the ability to maintain hydraulic conductivity during drought, rather than tolerating conductivity loss. Root hydraulic failure elicited shoot dieback and precluded resprouting without root NSC reserves being apparently limiting for R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada
- Forest History, Physiology and Genetics Research Group, School of Forestry Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Meng Li
- Forest History, Physiology and Genetics Research Group, School of Forestry Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Rosana López
- Forest History, Physiology and Genetics Research Group, School of Forestry Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, UWS, Science Road, Richmond, 2753, NSW, Australia
| | - Francisco Javier Cano
- Forest History, Physiology and Genetics Research Group, School of Forestry Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, UWS, Science Road, Richmond, 2753, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacek Oleksyn
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, 62-035, Poland
| | - Owen K Atkin
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Building 134, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Pilar Pita
- Forest History, Physiology and Genetics Research Group, School of Forestry Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Ismael Aranda
- Department of Forest Ecology and Genetics, Forest Research Centre, INIA, Avda. A Coruña km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Gil
- Forest History, Physiology and Genetics Research Group, School of Forestry Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
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Hernandez MJ, Montes F, Ruiz F, Lopez G, Pita P. The effect of vapour pressure deficit on stomatal conductance, sap pH and leaf-specific hydraulic conductance in Eucalyptus globulus clones grown under two watering regimes. Ann Bot 2016; 117:1063-71. [PMID: 27052343 PMCID: PMC4866316 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Stomatal conductance has long been considered of key interest in the study of plant adaptation to water stress. The expected increase in extreme meteorological events under a climate change scenario may compromise survival in Eucalyptus globulus plantations established in south-western Spain. We investigated to what extent changes in stomatal conductance in response to high vapour pressure deficits and water shortage are mediated by hydraulic and chemical signals in greenhouse-grown E. globulus clones. METHODS Rooted cuttings were grown in pots and submitted to two watering regimes. Stomatal conductance, shoot water potential, sap pH and hydraulic conductance were measured consecutively in each plant over 4 weeks under vapour pressure deficits ranging 0·42 to 2·25 kPa. Evapotranspiration, growth in leaf area and shoot biomass were also determined. KEY RESULTS There was a significant effect of both clone and watering regime in stomatal conductance and leaf-specific hydraulic conductance, but not in sap pH. Sap pH decreased as water potential and stomatal conductance decreased under increasing vapour pressure deficit. There was no significant relationship between stomatal conductance and leaf-specific hydraulic conductance. Stomata closure precluded shoot water potential from falling below -1·8 MPa. The percentage loss of hydraulic conductance ranged from 40 to 85 %. The highest and lowest leaf-specific hydraulic conductances were measured in clones from the same half-sib families. Water shortage reduced growth and evapotranspiration, decreases in evapotranspiration ranging from 14 to 32 % in the five clones tested. CONCLUSIONS Changes in sap pH seemed to be a response to changes in atmospheric conditions rather than soil water in the species. Stomata closed after a considerable amount of hydraulic conductance was lost, although intraspecific differences in leaf-specific hydraulic conductance suggest the possibility of selection for improved productivity under water-limiting conditions combined with high temperatures in the early stages of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Federico Ruiz
- ENCE S.A., Ctra A-5000 km 7·5. Apartado 223, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Gustavo Lopez
- ENCE S.A., Ctra A-5000 km 7·5. Apartado 223, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Pilar Pita
- School of Forestry Engineering and Natural Resources, Technical University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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López R, Brossa R, Gil L, Pita P. Stem girdling evidences a trade-off between cambial activity and sprouting and dramatically reduces plant transpiration due to feedback inhibition of photosynthesis and hormone signaling. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:285. [PMID: 25972884 PMCID: PMC4413673 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthesis source-sink relationship in young Pinus canariensis seedlings was modified by stem girdling to investigate sprouting and cambial activity, feedback inhibition of photosynthesis, and stem and root hydraulic capacity. Removal of bark tissue showed a trade-off between sprouting and diameter growth. Above the girdle, growth was accelerated but the number of sprouts was almost negligible, whereas below the girdle the response was reversed. Girdling resulted in a sharp decrease in whole plant transpiration and root hydraulic conductance. The reduction of leaf area after girdling was strengthened by the high levels of abscisic acid found in buds which pointed to stronger bud dormancy, preventing a new needle flush. Accumulation of sugars in leaves led to a coordinated reduction in net photosynthesis (AN) and stomatal conductance (gS) in the short term, but later (gS below 0.07 mol m(-2) s(-1)) AN decreased faster. The decrease in maximal efficiency of photosystem II (FV/FM) and the operating quantum efficiency of photosystem II (ΦPSII) in girdled plants could suggest photoprotection of leaves, as shown by the vigorous recovery of AN and ΦPSII after reconnection of the phloem. Stem girdling did not affect xylem embolism but increased stem hydraulic conductance above the girdle. This study shows that stem girdling affects not only the carbon balance, but also the water status of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana López
- Forest Genetics and Physiology Research Group, School of Forest Engineering, Technical University of MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - Ricard Brossa
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Gil
- Forest Genetics and Physiology Research Group, School of Forest Engineering, Technical University of MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Pita
- Forest Genetics and Physiology Research Group, School of Forest Engineering, Technical University of MadridMadrid, Spain
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Chano V, López R, Pita P, Collada C, Soto Á. Proliferation of axial parenchymatic xylem cells is a key step in wound closure of girdled stems in Pinus canariensis. BMC Plant Biol 2015; 15:64. [PMID: 25853802 PMCID: PMC4351838 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wounds caused by fire, herbivorism, rock impacts, etc. cause the direct loss of photosynthetic, storage and/or vascular tissue. In addition, they may entail other damages, such as desiccation of the exposed internal parts, or become a gateway to infection by fungi and other pathogens. To successfully overcome such injuries, plants must reorganize their meristems or even differentiate new ones, producing new traumatic tissues to cover the wound and restore the vascular connection. RESULTS In this work we analyse the anatomical growth response in conifers after debarking and injuring the vascular cambium, using Pinus canariensis as model species, due to its high wound recovery ability. Conversely to angiosperm woody species, this process is initiated and largely driven by the damaged vascular cambium and not by proliferation in the wound surface. We have detected alterations and switches in the divisions of cambial cells, associated to their position relative to the surface and edges of the wound, resulting in disordered traumatic xylem. We also describe the formation of column-like structures, after girdling, which are in part formed by the proliferation of xylem parenchymatous cells, associated to axial resin ducts. CONCLUSIONS Abundant resinosis on the wound surface, typical of conifers, is an efficient barrier against opportunistic fungi, insects, etc. but it also hinders the healing process directly from the surface. Thus, wound closure must be largely carried out from the wound margins, being a much slower process, which very often remains unconcluded for long years. This work also describes for the first time the proliferation of inner parenchymatous cells to form column-like structures, which accelerates wound closure in girdled P. canariensis. Irregularities in the surface of the healing edge or column-like structures result in the production of disordered vascular tissues, compromising their future functionality, and which must be overcome through the fast restoration of the proper polarity in vascular cambium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Chano
- />GENFOR, Grupo de Investigación en Genética y Fisiología Forestal. ETSI Montes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosana López
- />GENFOR, Grupo de Investigación en Genética y Fisiología Forestal. ETSI Montes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Pita
- />GENFOR, Grupo de Investigación en Genética y Fisiología Forestal. ETSI Montes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Collada
- />GENFOR, Grupo de Investigación en Genética y Fisiología Forestal. ETSI Montes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- />Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología Forestal, INIA/UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Soto
- />GENFOR, Grupo de Investigación en Genética y Fisiología Forestal. ETSI Montes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- />Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología Forestal, INIA/UPM, Madrid, Spain
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Pita P, Cañas I, Soria F, Ruiz F, Toval G. Use of physiological traits in tree breeding for improved yield in drought-prone environments. The case of Eucalyptus globulus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.5424/srf/2005143-00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pita P, Gascó A, Pardos JA. Xylem cavitation, leaf growth and leaf water potential in Eucalyptus globulus clones under well-watered and drought conditions. Funct Plant Biol 2003; 30:891-899. [PMID: 32689073 DOI: 10.1071/fp03055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Leaf growth, predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd), evapotranspiration, stem maximum permeability, and its percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity (PLC) were measured in rooted cuttings of selected clones of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. subjected to well-watered and drought conditions. Drought significantly reduced evapotranspiration, leaf growth and maximum permeability. E. globulus clones lost up to 70% of conductivity at values of Ψpd less negative than -1 MPa. PLC values higher than 85% could not be measured without causing leaf shedding. The coefficient related to the slope of the vulnerability curves ranged from 1.52-2.23. The lowest value was measured in the most drought-resistant clone, as estimated from field trials. Plants from this clone displayed higher drought-induced reductions in maximum permeability than plants from other clones, had significantly smaller leaves and maintained higher values of predawn leaf water potential as soil water content (SWC) declined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Pita
- Unidad de Anatomía, Fisiología y Genética Forestal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Montes, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Corresponding author;
| | - Antonio Gascó
- Unidad de Anatomía, Fisiología y Genética Forestal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Montes, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Pardos
- Unidad de Anatomía, Fisiología y Genética Forestal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Montes, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Pita P, Pardos JA. Growth, leaf morphology, water use and tissue water relations of Eucalyptus globulus clones in response to water deficit. Tree Physiol 2001; 21:599-607. [PMID: 11390304 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/21.9.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Changes in leaf size, specific leaf area (SLA), transpiration and tissue water relations were studied in leaves of rooted cuttings of selected clones of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. subjected to well-watered or drought conditions in a greenhouse. Significant differences between clones were found in leaf expansion and transpiration. There was a significant clone x treatment interaction on SLA. Water stress significantly reduced osmotic potential at the turgor loss point (Pi0) and at full turgor (Pi100), and significantly increased relative water content at the turgor loss point and maximum bulk elastic modulus. Differences in tissue water relations between clones were significant only in the mild drought treatment. Among clones in the drought treatments, the highest leaf expansion and the highest increase in transpiration during the experiment were measured in those clones that showed an early and large decrease in Pi0 and Pi100.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pita
- Unidad de Anatomia, Fisiologia y Genética Forestal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Montes, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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