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Jacoby N, Polak R, Grahn JA, Cameron DJ, Lee KM, Godoy R, Undurraga EA, Huanca T, Thalwitzer T, Doumbia N, Goldberg D, Margulis EH, Wong PCM, Jure L, Rocamora M, Fujii S, Savage PE, Ajimi J, Konno R, Oishi S, Jakubowski K, Holzapfel A, Mungan E, Kaya E, Rao P, Rohit MA, Alladi S, Tarr B, Anglada-Tort M, Harrison PMC, McPherson MJ, Dolan S, Durango A, McDermott JH. Commonality and variation in mental representations of music revealed by a cross-cultural comparison of rhythm priors in 15 countries. Nat Hum Behav 2024:10.1038/s41562-023-01800-9. [PMID: 38438653 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01800-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Music is present in every known society but varies from place to place. What, if anything, is universal to music cognition? We measured a signature of mental representations of rhythm in 39 participant groups in 15 countries, spanning urban societies and Indigenous populations. Listeners reproduced random 'seed' rhythms; their reproductions were fed back as the stimulus (as in the game of 'telephone'), such that their biases (the prior) could be estimated from the distribution of reproductions. Every tested group showed a sparse prior with peaks at integer-ratio rhythms. However, the importance of different integer ratios varied across groups, often reflecting local musical practices. Our results suggest a common feature of music cognition: discrete rhythm 'categories' at small-integer ratios. These discrete representations plausibly stabilize musical systems in the face of cultural transmission but interact with culture-specific traditions to yield the diversity that is evident when mental representations are probed across many cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nori Jacoby
- Computational Auditory Perception Group, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Presidential Scholars in Society and Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Rainer Polak
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jessica A Grahn
- Brain and Mind Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel J Cameron
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyung Myun Lee
- School of Digital Humanities and Social Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Culture Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ricardo Godoy
- Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Eduardo A Undurraga
- Escuela de Gobierno, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars programme, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tomás Huanca
- Centro Boliviano de Investigación y Desarrollo Socio Integral, San Borja, Bolivia
| | | | - Noumouké Doumbia
- Sciences de l'Education, Université Catholique d'Afrique de l'Ouest, Bamako, Mali
| | - Daniel Goldberg
- Department of Music, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | | | - Patrick C M Wong
- Department of Linguistics & Modern Languages and Brain and Mind Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Luis Jure
- School of Music, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Martín Rocamora
- Signal Processing Department, School of Engineering, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Music Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shinya Fujii
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Patrick E Savage
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jun Ajimi
- Department of Traditional Japanese Music, Tokyo University of the Arts, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Konno
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Sho Oishi
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | | | - Andre Holzapfel
- Division of Media Technology and Interaction Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Esra Mungan
- Department of Psychology, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Kaya
- Max Planck Research Group 'Neural and Environmental Rhythms', Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cognitive Science Master Program, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Preeti Rao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Mattur A Rohit
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Bronwyn Tarr
- Department of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Manuel Anglada-Tort
- Computational Auditory Perception Group, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
| | - Peter M C Harrison
- Computational Auditory Perception Group, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Faculty of Music, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Malinda J McPherson
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Program in Speech and Hearing Biosciences and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sophie Dolan
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, USA
| | - Alex Durango
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Josh H McDermott
- Faculty of Music, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Program in Speech and Hearing Biosciences and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Brains, Minds & Machines, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Deepak , Rao P, Archana , Sowmya M, Sandeep S, Suma S. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON COVID-19 VACCINATION HESITATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS. Georgian Med News 2024:19-23. [PMID: 38609107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Students serve as ambassadors, conveying effective messages to encourage the adoption of promotes healthy behaviors. Recognizing their consciousness about corona illness 2019 (COVID-19), desires to utilize the COVID-19 vaccines, and other associated variables will aid in developing viable vaccination promotion tactics for the present COVID-19 pandemic. A transverse-segment internet poll of university students in the healthcare and non-healthcare industries was conducted to analyze their motivations to be vaccinated against the coronavirus. To recruit research participants, a random snowball sampling approach was utilized using digital media sites and mails. The contestants were chosen from throughout India, including several main geographic areas, between Nov-2020 and Jan-2021, prior to the release of the COVID-19 vaccination. There were descriptive metrics utilized to illustrate the research participants' socio-demographics and vaccine-related behaviors. Using logistic regression modeling, key characteristics that are expected to influence vaccination uptake among students were modeled. p 0.06 was judged substantial in each study. 656 students participated in the study, with 48.4% coming from the healthcare sector & 51.5% from other fields. Of these 655 students, 43.6 and 22.4% came from India's northern and eastern areas. Graduate students accounted for 41.1% of the total population, and graduates for around 43.2%. The age range of 56.0% of the students was 18 to 25. Women made up 62% of the population, and 69.5% of them were unmarried. Seventy-eight percent of the students were from the medium socioeconomic level. Concerns about side effects and safety, distrust of government officials, and questions about the vaccine's efficacy were among the reasons given by students in this study for their reluctance to get vaccinated. It is essential to remember that these investigations were carried out at various times and in various nations; thus, the conclusions may not apply to all college students throughout the globe. According to the findings of this research, Indian university students showed rather a great deal of motivating desire to acquire COVID-19 immunizations. The people were either doubtful or reluctant to get the vaccination, which suggests possible vaccine aversion. There is a need for information campaigns and other actions to lessen vaccine hesitancy in order to promote the usage of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- - Deepak
- 1Naturopathy Registration Board Under the aegis of National Institute of Naturopathy, Pune, India
| | - P Rao
- 2Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be university) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - - Archana
- 3Department of Yoga, Alva's College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences, Moodbidri, India
| | - M Sowmya
- 4Government of Nature Cure and Yoga Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Mysore, India
| | - S Sandeep
- 5Department of Clinical Naturopathy & Department of Research Methodology and Recent Advances; Govt Nature Cure and Yoga Medical College and Hospital Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - S Suma
- 6Government Nature Cure and Yoga Medical College, Mysore, India
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Wang X, Blesh J, Rao P, Paliwal A, Umashaanker M, Jain M. Mapping cover crop species in southeastern Michigan using Sentinel-2 satellite data and Google Earth Engine. Front Artif Intell 2023; 6:1035502. [PMID: 37664077 PMCID: PMC10474576 DOI: 10.3389/frai.2023.1035502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cover crops are a critical agricultural practice that can improve soil quality, enhance crop yields, and reduce nitrogen and phosphorus losses from farms. Yet there is limited understanding of the extent to which cover crops have been adopted across large spatial and temporal scales. Remote sensing offers a low-cost way to monitor cover crop adoption at the field scale and at large spatio-temporal scales. To date, most studies using satellite data have mapped the presence of cover crops, but have not identified specific cover crop species, which is important because cover crops of different plant functional types (e.g., legumes, grasses) perform different ecosystem functions. Here we use Sentinel-2 satellite data and a random forest classifier to map the cover crop species cereal rye and red clover, which represent grass and legume functional types, in the River Raisin watershed in southeastern Michigan. Our maps of agricultural landcover across this region, including the two cover crop species, had moderate to high accuracies, with an overall accuracy of 83%. Red clover and cereal rye achieved F1 scores that ranged from 0.7 to 0.77, and user's and producer's accuracies that ranged from 63.3% to 86.2%. The most common misclassification of cover crops was fallow fields with remaining crop stubble, which often looked similar because these cover crop species are typically planted within existing crop stubble, or interseeded into a grain crop. We found that red-edge bands and images from the end of April and early July were the most important for classification accuracy. Our results demonstrate the potential to map individual cover crop species using Sentinel-2 imagery, which is critical for understanding the environmental outcomes of increasing crop diversity on farms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Meha Jain
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Liu Y, Rao P, Zhou W, Singh B, Srivastava AK, Poonia SP, Van Berkel D, Jain M. Using Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Planet satellite data to map field-level tillage practices in smallholder systems. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277425. [PMID: 36441682 PMCID: PMC9704639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Remote sensing can be used to map tillage practices at large spatial and temporal scales. However, detecting such management practices in smallholder systems is challenging given that the size of fields is smaller than historical readily-available satellite imagery. In this study we used newer, higher-resolution satellite data from Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Planet to map tillage practices in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains in India. We specifically tested the classification performance of single sensor and multiple sensor random forest models, and the impact of spatial, temporal, or spectral resolution on classification accuracy. We found that when considering a single sensor, the model that used Planet imagery (3 m) had the highest classification accuracy (86.55%) while the model that used Sentinel-1 data (10 m) had the lowest classification accuracy (62.28%). When considering sensor combinations, the model that used data from all three sensors achieved the highest classification accuracy (87.71%), though this model was not statistically different from the Planet only model when considering 95% confidence intervals from bootstrap analyses. We also found that high levels of accuracy could be achieved by only using imagery from the sowing period. Considering the impact of spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution on classification accuracy, we found that improved spatial resolution from Planet contributed the most to improved classification accuracy. Overall, it is possible to use readily-available, high spatial resolution satellite data to map tillage practices of smallholder farms, even in heterogeneous systems with small field sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Preeti Rao
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Center for Climate Change and Sustainability, Azim Premji University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Weiqi Zhou
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Balwinder Singh
- International Mazie and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-India Officer, New Delhi, India
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Northam, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Amit K Srivastava
- IRRI South Asia Regional Centre (ISARC), NSRTC Campus, Varanasi, India
| | - Shishpal P Poonia
- International Mazie and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)-India Officer, New Delhi, India
| | - Derek Van Berkel
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Meha Jain
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
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Shanthikumar S, Kim S, Giacalone V, Rao P, Ranganathan S, Karpievitch Y, Stick S, Boucher R, Tirouvanziam R, Chandler J, Esther C. 446 Metabolites in early life bronchoalveolar fluid associate with future bronchiectasis risk in children with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)01136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Sharma S, Rao P. A study on Environment-friendly Lifestyle and other major factors influencing household recycling in India. CM 2022. [DOI: 10.18137/cardiometry.2022.23.489498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste Management in India has always been a severe problem, and tackling this issue would require a social mindset towards adopting green practices. This study aims to understand the consumer mindset and awareness of recycling in India and explore factors that could influence India’s recycling behavior. The data for this study has been obtained through a primary research – survey questionnaire. Correlation analysis and regression have been applied to understand the result of the questionnaire data. Promoting recycling amongst people takes into consideration many factors. The results suggest that recycling behavior is mostly influenced by factors, such as willingness to adopt environment-friendly behavior, awareness towards recycling, and providing incentives. This study aimed to explore recycling in India and study the major factors that can influence people to adopt recycling. It also explored a possible relationship between providing incentives and influencing recycling behavior. These findings will help to analyze and develop strategies to boost the recycling rate in India.
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Eldoadoa M, Aldarragi A, Rao P, Sian P, Kapoor V, Mazarakis N. 216 Open Versus Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF): A Single-Centre Experience. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac039.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) is a technique used for the management of various pathologies such as degenerative disc disease, recurrent disc herniations and spondylolisthesis, to mention the most common indications. There is an ongoing debate regarding the use of open versus minimally invasive techniques for TLIF. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. In the present study, we aim to present our experience regarding the use of open vs MIS TLIF at Stepping Hill Hospital in Manchester.
Method
A retrospective observational cohort study involving 60 patients was conducted at Stepping Hill Hospital in the UK. Patients who had TLIF surgery between 2019 and 2020 were included. Patients were consecutively allocated to either the open TLIF or the MIS TLIF group. Data were collected from hospital records including pre- and post-operative follow up notes. We also assessed pain score using the visual analogue scale.
Results
26 patients underwent MIS TLIF whereas 34 patients underwent an open procedure. The MIS group showed better outcomes compared to the open group in terms of post-operative complications, improvement of symptoms and the average hospital stay: 7.6% vs 8.8%, 73.7% vs 58.8% and 1.82 vs 2.76 days, however, the open group had a lower rate of metalwork failure 8.8% vs 11.5% in the MIS.
Conclusions
Our study showed that MIS TLIF at our unit seems to result in better outcomes related to symptoms alleviation, post-operative complications and less hospital stay despite having a slightly higher rate of metalwork failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Eldoadoa
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A. Aldarragi
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - P. Rao
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - P. Sian
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - V. Kapoor
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - N.K. Mazarakis
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Ismael S, Manoharan G, Al-Kaisi K, George A, Abas S, Al Musabi M, Rao P, Singh R. 824 UK CoPACK Study: Health Care Workers Knowledge and Confidence in Using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) And Related Anxiety Levels During The COVID-19 Pandemic. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8524503 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant pressures on the NHS. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of infection. Personal protective equipment (PPE) lowers the risk of infection transmission. However, during the early phases of the pandemic, the information available regarding COVD-19 and the use of PPE has been unclear, with constantly changing guidelines. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and confidence about PPE usage among HCWs, in addition to measuring their anxiety levels during the COVID pandemic.
Method
A validated questionnaire was distributed among HCWs in as many UK hospitals as possible, during April 2020. The questionnaire consisted of 13 questions regarding demographics, knowledge on PPE guidance, HCW training and confidence levels in PPE usage and finally anxiety levels measured using the GAD-7 psychometric tool.
Results
1055 responses were received. Nurses (49%), Healthcare Assistants (HCA - 20%), Doctors (17%), Physios (8%) and other (6%). 99% of respondents indicated they were familiar with PPE guidance, but only 1.6% answered all 3 questions on PPE guidance accurately. 86.4% of respondents received mask-fitting checks. 79.7% received donning-doffing training. Despite this, only 46.8% were confident on their familiarity with PPE. 32.5% felt that their hospital communication regarding PPE policy during COVID-19 pandemic was poor or very poor. 30% HCWs experienced severe anxiety.
Conclusions
National guidance and local training on PPE usage during the COVID-19 pandemic has been unsatisfactory, leading to higher anxiety among HCWs. Improved information delivery and training are essential in preparation for the second wave and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ismael
- Robert Jones Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, United Kingdom
| | - G Manoharan
- Robert Jones Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, United Kingdom
| | - K Al-Kaisi
- University Hospitals North Midlands, Stoke on Trent, United Kingdom
| | - A George
- Robert Jones Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, United Kingdom
| | - S Abas
- Robert Jones Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, United Kingdom
| | - M Al Musabi
- Worcester Royal Hospital, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - P Rao
- Robert Jones Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, United Kingdom
| | - R Singh
- Robert Jones Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, United Kingdom
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Khandaker M, Kotturi H, Progri H, Tummala S, Nikfarjam S, Rao P, Hosna A, Arasu DT, Williams W, Haleem AM. In vitroand in vivoeffect of polycaprolactone nanofiber coating on polyethylene glycol diacrylate scaffolds for intervertebral disc repair. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33915528 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abfd12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) is an important class of photosensitive polymer with many tissue engineering applications. This study compared PEGDA and polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber matrix (NFM) coated PEGDA, referred to as PCL-PEGDA, scaffolds for their application in multiple tissue repair such as articular cartilage, nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc (IVD). We examined each scaffold morphology, porosity, swelling ratio, degradation, mechanical strength, andin vitrocytocompatibility properties. A defect was created in Sprague Dawley rat tail IVD by scraping native cartilage tissue and disc space, then implanting the scaffolds in the disc space for 4 weeks to evaluatein vivoefficacy of multi-tissue repair. Maintenance of disc height and creation of a new cell matrix was assessed to evaluate each scaffold's ability to repair the tissue defect. Although both PEGDA and PCL-PEGDA scaffolds showed similar porosity ∼73%, we observed distinct topographical characteristics and a higher effect of degradation on the water-absorbing capacity for PEGDA compared to PCL-PEGDA. Mechanical tests showed higher compressive strength and modulus of PCL-PEGDA compared to PEGDA.In vitrocell studies show that the PCL NFM layer covering PEGDA improved osteoblast cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration into the PEGDA layer.In vivostudies concluded that the PEGDA scaffold alone was not ideal for implantation in rat caudal disc space without PCL nanofiber coating due to low compressive strength and modulus.In vivoresults confirm that the PCL-PEGDA scaffold-maintained disc space and created a proteoglycan and collagen-rich new tissue matrix in the defect site after 4 weeks of scaffold implantation. We concluded that our developed PCL-PEGDA has the potential to be used in multi-tissue defect site repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khandaker
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - H Kotturi
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - H Progri
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - S Tummala
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - S Nikfarjam
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - P Rao
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - A Hosna
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - D T Arasu
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - W Williams
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Edmond, Ok, United States of America
| | - A M Haleem
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Edmond, Ok, United States of America.,Department of Orthopedics, Cairo University College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
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10
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Lansford JW, Walsh TH, Hromadka TV, Rao P. Doppler radar rainfall prediction and gauge data. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:482. [PMID: 33054846 PMCID: PMC7559437 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05311-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The data herein represents multiple gauge sets and multiple radar sites of like-type Doppler data sets combined to produce populations of ordered pairs. Publications spanning decades yet specific to Doppler radar sites contain graphs of data pairs of Doppler radar precipitation estimates versus rain gauge precipitation readings. DATA DESCRIPTION Taken from multiple sources, the data set represents several radar sites and rain gauge sites combined for 8830 data points. The data is relevant in various applications of hydrometeorology and engineering as well as weather forecasting. Further, the importance of accuracy in radar and precipitation estimates continues to increase, necessitating the incorporation of as much data as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse W Lansford
- Department of Mathematics, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA.
| | - Tyson H Walsh
- Department of Mathematics, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - T V Hromadka
- Department of Mathematics, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, USA
| | - P Rao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA
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Martel G, Baker L, Wherrett C, Fergusson DA, Saidenberg E, Workneh A, Saeed S, Gadbois K, Jee R, McVicar J, Rao P, Thompson C, Wong P, Abou Khalil J, Bertens KA, Balaa FK. Phlebotomy resulting in controlled hypovolaemia to prevent blood loss in major hepatic resections (PRICE-1): a pilot randomized clinical trial for feasibility. Br J Surg 2020; 107:812-823. [PMID: 31965573 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major liver resection is associated with blood loss and transfusion. Observational data suggest that hypovolaemic phlebotomy can reduce these risks. This feasibility RCT compared hypovolaemic phlebotomy with the standard of care, to inform a future multicentre trial. METHODS Patients undergoing major liver resections were enrolled between June 2016 and January 2018. Randomization was done during surgery and the surgeons were blinded to the group allocation. For hypovolaemic phlebotomy, 7-10 ml per kg whole blood was removed, without intravenous fluid replacement. Co-primary outcomes were feasibility and estimated blood loss (EBL). RESULTS A total of 62 patients were randomized to hypovolaemic phlebotomy (31) or standard care (31), at a rate of 3·1 patients per month, thus meeting the co-primary feasibility endpoint. The median EBL difference was -111 ml (P = 0·456). Among patients at high risk of transfusion, the median EBL difference was -448 ml (P = 0·069). Secondary feasibility endpoints were met: enrolment, blinding and target phlebotomy (mean(s.d.) 7·6(1·9) ml per kg). Blinded surgeons perceived that parenchymal resection was easier with hypovolaemic phlebotomy than standard care (16 of 31 versus 10 of 31 respectively), and guessed that hypovolaemic phlebotomy was being used with an accuracy of 65 per cent (20 of 31). There was no significant difference in overall complications (10 of 31 versus 15 of 31 patients), major complications or transfusion. Among those at high risk, transfusion was required in two of 15 versus three of nine patients (P = 0·326). CONCLUSION Endpoints were met successfully, but no difference in EBL was found in this feasibility study. A multicentre trial (PRICE-2) powered to identify a difference in perioperative blood transfusion is justified. Registration number: NCT02548910 ( http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Martel
- Liver and Pancreas Unit, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Baker
- Liver and Pancreas Unit, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Wherrett
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - D A Fergusson
- Liver and Pancreas Unit, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - E Saidenberg
- Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Workneh
- Liver and Pancreas Unit, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Saeed
- Liver and Pancreas Unit, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Gadbois
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Jee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - J McVicar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Rao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Abou Khalil
- Liver and Pancreas Unit, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - K A Bertens
- Liver and Pancreas Unit, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - F K Balaa
- Liver and Pancreas Unit, Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Rao P, Caunt JN, Wong JWY, Moore JK, Zepf FD. Child and adolescent psychiatry training in Australia and New Zealand. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 29:95-103. [PMID: 31641901 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The specialty of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry was formally recognised in the 1930s. The Faculty of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry was established in 1964 in Australia, as a subspecialty in The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP). The aim of the current article is first to provide a brief summary and overview of the current status of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP), followed by an outline of the requirements of the Training Program for CAP in Australia and New Zealand. The training required to become a fully qualified child and adolescent psychiatrist in Australia and New Zealand consists of different stages and takes the form of competency-based training. Information relating to assessment types, supervision and research requirements is also described. Accreditation procedures for the training program are stipulated by RANZCP to monitor standards and to ensure consistency within the programs delivered across Australia and New Zealand. Employment opportunities for trainees upon completion of the program are discussed. In summary, this article highlights the requirements of the training programs for CAP in Australia and New Zealand.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rao
- Centre and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia. .,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Child and Adolescent Health Service, 52-54 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia. .,Telethon Kids Institute, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia.
| | - J N Caunt
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Child and Adolescent Health Service, 52-54 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - J W Y Wong
- Centre and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Child and Adolescent Health Service, 52-54 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - J K Moore
- Centre and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Child and Adolescent Health Service, 52-54 Monash Avenue, Nedlands, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia
| | - F D Zepf
- Centre and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Am Steiger 6, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Telethon Kids Institute, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia
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13
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Stockbridge A, Agarwal S, Sudhir R, Perkins T, Savory S, Pinglay P, Rao P, Das I, Brozik J, Machin R, Deshpande A, Bajaj A, Barnes D, Agrawal S, Bennett J, Tufail M. Optimal lung cancer pathway implementation in a tertiary care centre and its impact on reducing emergency presentations. Lung Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(20)30046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Wang XI, Cheng Y, Rao P, Wang L. P6595The optogenetic defibrillation of ventricular arrhythmia in myocardial infarction rats in vivo. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Optogenetics is a low-invasive, flexible and highly selective intervention that enables electrical excitation with light on myocardium overexpressing light-sensitive proteins. Optical illumination can control the simultaneous exciting of the whole myocardium under the spot, which is more conducive to recovery from electrical disturbance to sinus rhythm.
Purpose
We explored optogenetic defibrillation for different illumination parameters how to affect defibrillation rates and the possible mechanism of continuous illumination defibrillation.
Methods
Systemic delivery via right jugular vein injection of (AAV9-CAG-hChR2(H134R)-mCherry) were performed in juvenile SD rats to achieve the light sensitive protein Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) transfer throughout the whole heart. We intubated and ventilated rats, opened chest and recorded the ECG. After ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, ventricular arrhythmia was induced by electrical burst stimulation (10v, 50Hz, 2s). Cardiac epicardium illumination with 470nm blue laser was performed to investigate the effects of optogenetic defibrillation and its underlying mechanism. Every heart accepted 30 pulses of 20ms duration on 8Hz to test the light intensity threshold for 1:1 capture. Different illumination modes of multiple light intensity (2,4,8,10,20 times threshold intensity), pulse duration (20, 50, 200, 500 and 1000ms) and illumination position (RV apex, RV, RVOT, septum, LV) were applied in each attempt for 4 repetitions with 1 s interval.
Results
We demonstrated that ventricular arrhythmias could be terminated by illumination of the right ventricle at 20 times threshold intensity in 1s (figure A) with the successful defibrillation rate of 95±2.673% (mean ±SEM; N=7). Herein, the successful optogenetic defibrillation rate was strongly depending on light intensity (N=5, n=50 episodes, p=0.0118) and duration of illumination (N=5, n=50 episodes, p<0.0001) (figure B.C). Notably when there were higher intensity and longer pulse duration, the higher defibrillation rate appeared. There was no significant difference in the defibrillation rate among different illumination positions (N=5, n=25episodes per position, p=0.1177) (figure D). To explore the underlying mechanism of optogenetic defibrillation, we performed the same illumination mode during sinus rhythm in 2 rats (figure E. F. G). We observed that higher light intensity and longer pulse duration were more conducive to induce an episode of higher frequency focal excitement.
Views of optogenetic defibrillation
Conclusions
We demonstrated that optogenetic defibrillation is a highly effective intervention and the possible mechanism is partly attributed to overdrive suppression. We believe that optogenetic approach is potentially to be translated into more efficient and pain-free clinical termination of ventricular arrhythmia.
Acknowledgement/Funding
The national natural science foundation of China (81772044)
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Affiliation(s)
- X I Wang
- Renmin Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Renmin Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - P Rao
- Renmin Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - L Wang
- Renmin Hospital, Department of anesthesiology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Khan F, Dave D, Rohatgi S, Nirhale S, Rao P, Naphade P. Charot-marie-tooth disease type 2O: First case report from India. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Dave D, Khan F, Rohatgi S, Nirhale S, Rao P, Naphade P. Atypical multiple sclerosis with antibody to MOG. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Campbell M, Martin S, Tam A, Sheth R, Singh S, Ahrar K, Slack Tidwell B, Rao P, Karam J, Wood C, Tannir N, Jonasch E, Gao J, Shah A, Blando J, Duan F, Basu S, Allison J, Sharma P, Singh S. A pilot study of tremelimumab (treme) with or without cryoablation (cryo) in patients (pts) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz249.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Dave D, Khan F, Rohatgi S, Nirhale S, Rao P, Naphade P. Severe 5,10‐Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency: A rare, treatable cause of complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Khan F, Dave D, Rohatgi S, Nirhale S, Rao P, Naphade P. Study of spectrum of inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Wang XI, Cheng Y, Rao P, Wang L. P3504Near-Infrared photoactivation via upconversion nanoparticles promotes new advances in cardiac optogenetics toolbox. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The optogenetics manipulation of the heart based on the visible light is limited in the therapeutic potential because of the low tissue penetration. Near-infrared (NIR) light has deeper tissue penetration capabilities but radiates at unsuitable wavelengths, while upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) absorb NIR light to convert visible light.
Purpose
We aimed to investigate the efficient NIR control of the rat heart in vivo via UCNPs mediated cardiac optogenetics.
Methods
Systemic delivery via jugular vein injection of (AAV9-CAG-hChR2 (H134R)-mCherry) were performed in SD rats to achieve sufficient Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) transfer throughout the whole heart. UCNPs of NaYF4:Yb/Tm with optimal excitation wavelength at 975nm were chosen to emit upconverted blue light. Different concentrations of UCNPs cyclohexane solution were embed in composite polydimethylsiloxane films to make flexible substrates for cardiac optogenetics study in open-chest rats (n=3). The UCNPs film was attached to the right ventricle and the 980nm NIR illumination was applied.
Results
The upconversion luminescence spectra of four concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 and 20mg/ml) of NaYF4:Yb/Tm scanned under 980nm excitation at 0.5w showed similar peaks around 475, 645 and 695nm. Emission intensity increased with the UCNPs concentration (Figure 1). The NIR-upconverted blue light from the freestanding films embedded with 2.5 and 5mg/ml UCNPs failed to capture the heart till the peak output power of the NIR laser, and the hearts were successfully captured and paced by the upconverted blue light from 10 and 20mg/mL UCNPs films (20 pulses in 8Hz with 20ms duration were repeated 3 times with the interval of 1s). However the NIR power was lower on 10mg/mL UCNPs film than the 20mg/mL one (0.93±0.11w vs 1.71±0.75w). Therefore, UCNPs film with concentration of 10mg/mL NaYF4:Yb/Tm were used for efficient cardiac optogenetic pacing by NIR light from a 400um optical fiber. Optogenetics capture of the ventricle was achieved at different NIR power, pulse duration and flash frequency. The strength-duration curve summarized the minimal NIR irradiance power of 8Hz flash required for 100% capture at different pulse duration (2, 5, 10, 20 and 50ms). Notably the longer the pulse duration was, the lower the light intensity required. Furthermore, the increasing flash frequency (6, 7, 8 and 10Hz) of the NIR light setting at 1.66w (2-fold threshold power) and 20ms duration induced sufficient cardiac pacing (Figure 2).
The efficient NIR control of the heart
Conclusion
We demonstrated the successful NIR photo-activation of ChR2 expressed in the heart by the upconverted blue light via UCNPs, which resulted in a flexible UCNPs-assisted cardiac optogenetic approach for optical control of heart activity. We believe that these advances in cardiac optogenetic toolbox not only represent a novel practical application of UCNPs, but also open up new possibilities for remote or tissue penetrating heart control.
Acknowledgement/Funding
The national natural science foundation of China (81772044)
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Affiliation(s)
- X I Wang
- Renmin Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Renmin Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - P Rao
- Renmin Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - L Wang
- Renmin Hospital, Department of anesthesiology, Wuhan, China
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21
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Dave D, Khan F, Rohatgi S, Nirhale S, Rao P, Naphade P. A study of clinical,radiological and thrombophilia profile in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Auloge P, Cazzato RL, Rousseau C, Caudrelier J, Koch G, Rao P, Chiang JB, Garnon J, Gangi A. Complications following Percutaneous Bone Cryoablation: Retrospective Analysis of 239 Consecutive Patients. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1692561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Ganguli KK, Rao P. On the perception of raga motifs by trained musicians. J Acoust Soc Am 2019; 145:2418. [PMID: 31046305 DOI: 10.1121/1.5097588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A prominent aspect of the notion of musical similarity across the music of various cultures is related to the local matching of melodic motifs. This holds for Indian art music, a highly structured form with raga playing a critical role in the melodic organization. Apart from the tonal material, a raga is characterized by a set of melodic phrases that serve as important points of reference in a music performance. Musicians acquire in their training a knowledge of the melodic phrase shapes or motifs particular to a raga and the proficiency to render these correctly in performance. This phenomenon of learned schema might be expected to influence the musicians' perception of variations of the melodic motif in terms of pitch contour shape. Motivated by the parallels between the musical structure and prosodic structure in speech, identification and discrimination experiments are presented, which explore the differences between trained musicians' (TMs) and non-musicians' perception of ecologically valid synthesized variants of a raga-characteristic motif, presented both in and out of context. It is found that trained musicians are relatively insensitive to acoustic differences associated with note duration in the vicinity of a prototypical phrase shape while also clearly demonstrating the heightened sensitivity associated with categorical perception in the context of the boundary between ragas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustuv Kanti Ganguli
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Preeti Rao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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24
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Vidya K, Rao P, Goyal N. Priming rTMS in resistant obsessive compulsive disorder: In search of a new paradigm. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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25
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Brahmbhatt A, Rao P, Butani D. 03:27 PM Abstract No. 241 Effects of time to visceral angiography for gastrointestinal bleeding on angiographic success. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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26
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Runions KC, Morandini HAE, Rao P, Wong JWY, Kolla NJ, Pace G, Mahfouda S, Hildebrandt CS, Stewart R, Zepf FD. Serotonin and aggressive behaviour in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019; 139:117-144. [PMID: 30446991 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of serotonin (5-HT) in human aggression has been the subject of a large number of studies, mostly with adults. Meta-analyses indicate a small but significant inverse relationship between central nervous 5-HT availability and aggression, but genetically informed studies suggest two pathways: one to reactive aggression and the other to proactive aggression. METHOD We conducted a systemic review on central nervous 5-HT function in children and adolescents, with attention to the function of aggression. RESULTS In total, 675 articles were screened for relevance, with 45 reviewed. These included blood assays (e.g. plasma, 5-HIAA; platelet 5-HTR2A ), epigenetic studies, retrospective PET studies and 5-HT challenge paradigms (e.g. tryptophan depletion). Overall, findings were mixed, with support both for negative and for positive associations of central nervous 5-HT function with aggression in children and adolescents. CONCLUSION We propose factors that may be blurring the picture, including problems in the conceptualization and measurement of aggression in young people, the lack of prospective designs and the bias towards clinical samples of boys. Research needs to account for variance in the both motivation for and implementation of aggression, and look to the behavioural economics literature to consider the roles of reward, vengeance and self-control more clearly.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Runions
- Department of Health, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Bentley, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - H A E Morandini
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - P Rao
- Department of Health, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Bentley, WA, Australia.,Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J W Y Wong
- Department of Health, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Bentley, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - N J Kolla
- Centre for Addictions and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - G Pace
- Department of Health, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - S Mahfouda
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - C S Hildebrandt
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance, JARA Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinics of the City Cologne GmbH, Cologne, Germany
| | - R Stewart
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - F D Zepf
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Clinics of the Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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27
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Zibrov AA, Rao P, Kometter C, Spanton EM, Li JIA, Dean CR, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Serbyn M, Young AF. Emergent Dirac Gullies and Gully-Symmetry-Breaking Quantum Hall States in ABA Trilayer Graphene. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:167601. [PMID: 30387651 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.167601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on quantum capacitance measurements of high quality, graphite and hexagonal boron nitride encapsulated Bernal stacked trilayer graphene devices. At zero applied magnetic field, we observe a number of electron density- and electrical displacement-tuned features in the electronic compressibility associated with changes in Fermi surface topology. At a high displacement field and low density, strong trigonal warping gives rise to three new emergent Dirac cones in each valley, which we term "gullies." The gullies are centered around the corners of a hexagonal Brillouin zone and related by threefold rotation symmetry. At low magnetic fields of B=1.25 T, the gullies manifest as a change in the degeneracy of the Landau levels from two to three. Weak incompressible states are also observed at integer filling within these triplet Landau levels, which a Hartree-Fock analysis indicates are associated with Coulomb-driven nematic phases that spontaneously break rotation symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Zibrov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - P Rao
- Institute of Science and Technology, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - C Kometter
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - E M Spanton
- California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - J I A Li
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025, USA
| | - Cory R Dean
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025, USA
| | - T Taniguchi
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - M Serbyn
- Institute of Science and Technology, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - A F Young
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Othman S, Rao P, Shakeel M. Preoperative prediction of Difficult Laryngeal Exposure (DLE) during Microlaryngoscopy (ML): Use of LARYNGOSCORE in a scottish teaching hospital. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Decina SM, Templer PH, Hutyra LR, Gately CK, Rao P. Variability, drivers, and effects of atmospheric nitrogen inputs across an urban area: Emerging patterns among human activities, the atmosphere, and soils. Sci Total Environ 2017; 609:1524-1534. [PMID: 28800694 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) is a major input of N to the biosphere and is elevated beyond preindustrial levels throughout many ecosystems. Deposition monitoring networks in the United States generally avoid urban areas in order to capture regional patterns of N deposition, and studies measuring N deposition in cities usually include only one or two urban sites in an urban-rural comparison or as an anchor along an urban-to-rural gradient. Describing patterns and drivers of atmospheric N inputs is crucial for understanding the effects of N deposition; however, little is known about the variability and drivers of atmospheric N inputs or their effects on soil biogeochemistry within urban ecosystems. We measured rates of canopy throughfall N as a measure of atmospheric N inputs, as well as soil net N mineralization and nitrification, soil solution N, and soil respiration at 15 sites across the greater Boston, Massachusetts area. Rates of throughfall N are 8.70±0.68kgNha-1yr-1, vary 3.5-fold across sites, and are positively correlated with rates of local vehicle N emissions. Ammonium (NH4+) composes 69.9±2.2% of inorganic throughfall N inputs and is highest in late spring, suggesting a contribution from local fertilizer inputs. Soil solution NO3- is positively correlated with throughfall NO3- inputs. In contrast, soil solution NH4+, net N mineralization, nitrification, and soil respiration are not correlated with rates of throughfall N inputs. Rather, these processes are correlated with soil properties such as soil organic matter. Our results demonstrate high variability in rates of urban throughfall N inputs, correlation of throughfall N inputs with local vehicle N emissions, and a decoupling of urban soil biogeochemistry and throughfall N inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Decina
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | | | - Lucy R Hutyra
- Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Conor K Gately
- Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Preeti Rao
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Jayappa SN, Rao P, Tandon AS, Bharathy K, Sikora SS. Large cystic lympangioma of the pancreas: a case reportum. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2017; 100:e12-e14. [PMID: 29046074 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2017.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangioma of the pancreas is rare and presents as a large cystic mass in the retroperitoneum. The pancreatic origin can be confirmed by careful evaluation of cross sectional imaging. Preoperative differentiation from other pancreatic cystic neoplasms is difficult but possible. Large symptomatic lesions warrant surgery. The diagnosis is confirmed by typical features on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Presented here is a case report of a pancreatic lymphangioma, discussed in the context of available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Jayappa
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru , Karnataka , India
| | - P Rao
- Department of Pathology, Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru , Karnataka , India
| | - A S Tandon
- Department of Radiology, Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru , Karnataka , India
| | - Kgs Bharathy
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru , Karnataka , India
| | - S S Sikora
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru , Karnataka , India
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31
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Bagheri A, Kumar P, Kamath A, Rao P. Association of angiogenic cytokines (VEGF-A and VEGF-C) and clinical characteristic in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 118:258-264. [PMID: 28516786 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2017_051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recurrent miscarriage (RM) defined as 2 or more spontaneous miscarriage before 20 weeks of gestation, affects at least 1 % of couples trying to conceive. In over 50 % of cases, the cause of the loss of pregnancy remains unexplained. Reduced expression of Angiogenic factors such as: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and VEGF-C has been linked with spontaneous miscarriage, likely due to defective foetal and placental angiogenesis. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationships between serum level of VEGF-A and VEGF-C with clinical characteristic in women with URM and compare to pregnant and healthy women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case-control study, which was conducted between 90 non-pregnant women with history of RM, age-matched with 70 non-pregnant women without history of recurrent abortion with at least one child (controls) and 70 pregnant women without history of recurrent abortion with at least one child (controls). Those with unexplained RM were eligible. Demographic and Anthropometric data were retrieved by pre-test questionnaire and serum level of VEGF-A and VEGF-C measured by ELISA kit. RESULTS This study showeds that maternal levels of VEGF-A and VEGF-C were distinctly lower in RSA (189.87±88.1 vs 238.8±99.6) compared to healthy (239.1±99.7 vs 275.5±133.08) and pregnant (301.5±76.4 vs 402.5±128.6) women as control groups. Univariate analysis demonstrated that clinical characteristic factors were significantly associated with concentration of VEGF-A and VEGF-C in cases and controls. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that these molecules could be used as potential predictive markers of miscarriage in these women presenting with URM (Tab. 4, Fig. 5, Ref. 40).
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Malhotra A, Dhutia H, Rao P, Gati S, Keteepe-Arachi T, Finnochiaro G, Yeo T, Basu J, Parry-White G, D'Silva A, Papatheodorou S, Ensam B, Tome M, Papadakis M, Sharma S. P3244The mixed race heart: not so black and white. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p3244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Oda T, Lauvaux T, Lu D, Rao P, Miles NL, Richardson SJ, Gurney KR. On the Impact of Granularity of Space-based Urban CO 2 Emissions in Urban Atmospheric Inversions: A Case Study for Indianapolis, IN. Elementa (Wash D C) 2017; 5:28. [PMID: 32851103 PMCID: PMC7447070 DOI: 10.1525/elementa.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from cities is a key challenge towards effective emissions management. An inversion analysis from the INdianapolis FLUX experiment (INFLUX) project, as the first of its kind, has achieved a top-down emission estimate for a single city using CO2 data collected by the dense tower network deployed across the city. However, city-level emission data, used as a priori emissions, are also a key component in the atmospheric inversion framework. Currently, fine-grained emission inventories (EIs) able to resolve GHG city emissions at high spatial resolution, are only available for few major cities across the globe. Following the INFLUX inversion case with a global 1×1 km ODIAC fossil fuel CO2 emission dataset, we further improved the ODIAC emission field and examined its utility as a prior for the city scale inversion. We disaggregated the 1×1 km ODIAC non-point source emissions using geospatial datasets such as the global road network data and satellite-data driven surface imperviousness data to a 30×30 m resolution. We assessed the impact of the improved emission field on the inversion result, relative to priors in previous studies (Hestia and ODIAC). The posterior total emission estimate (5.1 MtC/yr) remains statistically similar to the previous estimate with ODIAC (5.3 MtC/yr). However, the distribution of the flux corrections was very close to those of Hestia inversion and the model-observation mismatches were significantly reduced both in forward and inverse runs, even without hourly temporal changes in emissions. EIs reported by cities often do not have estimates of spatial extents. Thus, emission disaggregation is a required step when verifying those reported emissions using atmospheric models. Our approach offers gridded emission estimates for global cities that could serves as a prior for inversion, even without locally reported EIs in a systematic way to support city-level Measuring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) practice implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Oda
- Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
- Goddard Earth Sciences Technologies and Research, Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Lauvaux
- Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dengsheng Lu
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Preeti Rao
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Natasha L Miles
- Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott J Richardson
- Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kevin R Gurney
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- K Runions
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - P Rao
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Health in Western Australia, Community Child & Adolescent Mental Health Services, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J W Y Wong
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Health in Western Australia, Specialised Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Perth, WA, Australia
| | - F D Zepf
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & Division of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Health in Western Australia, Specialised Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Perth, WA, Australia
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35
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Butler C, Jiang N, Rao P, Zheng Y, Gjertson D, Zhang Q, Cadeiras M, Deng M, Ray B, Reed E. Identification and Validation of Non-HLA Antibodies in Cardiac Allograft Rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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36
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Verhulst KR, Karion A, Kim J, Salameh PK, Keeling RF, Newman S, Miller J, Sloop C, Pongetti T, Rao P, Wong C, Hopkins FM, Yadav V, Weiss RF, Duren RM, Miller CE. Carbon dioxide and methane measurements from the Los Angeles Megacity Carbon Project - Part 1: calibration, urban enhancements, and uncertainty estimates. Atmos Chem Phys 2017. [PMID: 30984251 DOI: 10.5194/acp-2016-850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We report continuous surface observations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from the Los Angeles (LA) Megacity Carbon Project during 2015. We devised a calibration strategy, methods for selection of background air masses, calculation of urban enhancements, and a detailed algorithm for estimating uncertainties in urban-scale CO2 and CH4 measurements. These methods are essential for understanding carbon fluxes from the LA megacity and other complex urban environments globally. We estimate background mole fractions entering LA using observations from four "extra-urban" sites including two "marine" sites located south of LA in La Jolla (LJO) and offshore on San Clemente Island (SCI), one "continental" site located in Victorville (VIC), in the high desert northeast of LA, and one "continental/mid-troposphere" site located on Mount Wilson (MWO) in the San Gabriel Mountains. We find that a local marine background can be established to within ~1 ppm CO2 and ~10 ppb CH4 using these local measurement sites. Overall, atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane levels are highly variable across Los Angeles. "Urban" and "suburban" sites show moderate to large CO2 and CH4 enhancements relative to a marine background estimate. The USC (University of Southern California) site near downtown LA exhibits median hourly enhancements of ~20 ppm CO2 and ~150 ppb CH4 during 2015 as well as ~15 ppm CO2 and ~80 ppb CH4 during mid-afternoon hours (12:00-16:00 LT, local time), which is the typical period of focus for flux inversions. The estimated measurement uncertainty is typically better than 0.1 ppm CO2 and 1 ppb CH4 based on the repeated standard gas measurements from the LA sites during the last 2 years, similar to Andrews et al. (2014). The largest component of the measurement uncertainty is due to the single-point calibration method; however, the uncertainty in the background mole fraction is much larger than the measurement uncertainty. The background uncertainty for the marine background estimate is ~10 and ~15 % of the median mid-afternoon enhancement near downtown LA for CO2 and CH4, respectively. Overall, analytical and background uncertainties are small relative to the local CO2 and CH4 enhancements; however, our results suggest that reducing the uncertainty to less than 5 % of the median mid-afternoon enhancement will require detailed assessment of the impact of meteorology on background conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristal R Verhulst
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna Karion
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jooil Kim
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter K Salameh
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ralph F Keeling
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sally Newman
- California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - John Miller
- NOAA/ESRL/GMD, Boulder, CO, USA
- CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Thomas Pongetti
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Preeti Rao
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Clare Wong
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Francesca M Hopkins
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Vineet Yadav
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ray F Weiss
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Riley M Duren
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Charles E Miller
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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37
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Verhulst KR, Karion A, Kim J, Salameh PK, Keeling RF, Newman S, Miller J, Sloop C, Pongetti T, Rao P, Wong C, Hopkins FM, Yadav V, Weiss RF, Duren RM, Miller CE. Carbon dioxide and methane measurements from the Los Angeles Megacity Carbon Project - Part 1: calibration, urban enhancements, and uncertainty estimates. Atmos Chem Phys 2017; 17:10.5194/acp-17-8313-2017. [PMID: 30984251 PMCID: PMC6459414 DOI: 10.5194/acp-17-8313-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We report continuous surface observations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from the Los Angeles (LA) Megacity Carbon Project during 2015. We devised a calibration strategy, methods for selection of background air masses, calculation of urban enhancements, and a detailed algorithm for estimating uncertainties in urban-scale CO2 and CH4 measurements. These methods are essential for understanding carbon fluxes from the LA megacity and other complex urban environments globally. We estimate background mole fractions entering LA using observations from four "extra-urban" sites including two "marine" sites located south of LA in La Jolla (LJO) and offshore on San Clemente Island (SCI), one "continental" site located in Victorville (VIC), in the high desert northeast of LA, and one "continental/mid-troposphere" site located on Mount Wilson (MWO) in the San Gabriel Mountains. We find that a local marine background can be established to within ~1 ppm CO2 and ~10 ppb CH4 using these local measurement sites. Overall, atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane levels are highly variable across Los Angeles. "Urban" and "suburban" sites show moderate to large CO2 and CH4 enhancements relative to a marine background estimate. The USC (University of Southern California) site near downtown LA exhibits median hourly enhancements of ~20 ppm CO2 and ~150 ppb CH4 during 2015 as well as ~15 ppm CO2 and ~80 ppb CH4 during mid-afternoon hours (12:00-16:00 LT, local time), which is the typical period of focus for flux inversions. The estimated measurement uncertainty is typically better than 0.1 ppm CO2 and 1 ppb CH4 based on the repeated standard gas measurements from the LA sites during the last 2 years, similar to Andrews et al. (2014). The largest component of the measurement uncertainty is due to the single-point calibration method; however, the uncertainty in the background mole fraction is much larger than the measurement uncertainty. The background uncertainty for the marine background estimate is ~10 and ~15 % of the median mid-afternoon enhancement near downtown LA for CO2 and CH4, respectively. Overall, analytical and background uncertainties are small relative to the local CO2 and CH4 enhancements; however, our results suggest that reducing the uncertainty to less than 5 % of the median mid-afternoon enhancement will require detailed assessment of the impact of meteorology on background conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristal R. Verhulst
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna Karion
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jooil Kim
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter K. Salameh
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ralph F. Keeling
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sally Newman
- California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - John Miller
- NOAA/ESRL/GMD, Boulder, CO, USA
- CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Thomas Pongetti
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Preeti Rao
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Clare Wong
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Francesca M. Hopkins
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Vineet Yadav
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ray F. Weiss
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Riley M. Duren
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Charles E. Miller
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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Borgs GP, Runions K, Biskup CS, Königschulte W, Rao P, Wong J, Moore J, Stewart RM, Zepf FD. Reactive aggression in young patients with ADHD-a critical role for small provocations. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:566-568. [PMID: 27869991 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G P Borgs
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - K Runions
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - C S Biskup
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - W Königschulte
- Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - P Rao
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Health in Western Australia, Community Child & Adolescent Mental Health Services, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J Wong
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J Moore
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Health in Western Australia, Paediatric Consultation Liaison Program, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - R M Stewart
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - F D Zepf
- Centre & Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Health in Western Australia, Specialised Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Perth, WA, Australia
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Patarasuk R, Gurney KR, O’Keeffe D, Song Y, Huang J, Rao P, Buchert M, Lin JC, Mendoza D, Ehleringer JR. Urban high-resolution fossil fuel CO2 emissions quantification and exploration of emission drivers for potential policy applications. Urban Ecosyst 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-016-0553-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Huo Y, Phan K, Zhao D, Rao P, Phan S, Mortimer A. Endovascular therapy including thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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41
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Runions KC, Stewart RM, Moore J, Martinez Ladino Y, Rao P, Zepf FD. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in ICD-11: a new disorder or ODD with a specifier for chronic irritability? Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 25:331-2. [PMID: 26578258 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-015-0789-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R M Stewart
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway (M561), Crawley, Perth, WA, 6840, Australia
| | - J Moore
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway (M561), Crawley, Perth, WA, 6840, Australia
| | - Y Martinez Ladino
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway (M561), Crawley, Perth, WA, 6840, Australia
| | - P Rao
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway (M561), Crawley, Perth, WA, 6840, Australia
| | - F D Zepf
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway (M561), Crawley, Perth, WA, 6840, Australia. .,Specialised Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Department of Health in Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
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42
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Zepf F, Rao P, Moore J, Stewart R, Ladino YM, Hartmann B. Human breast milk and adipokines – A potential role for the soluble leptin receptor (sOb-R) in the regulation of infant energy intake and development. Med Hypotheses 2016; 86:53-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
A 38-year-old female on Vitamin D therapy presented with hypercalcemia induced acute kidney injury. Evaluation revealed primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and iatrogenic hypervitaminosis D. After medical stabilization, she underwent surgical removal of the parathyroid adenoma, and made a full recovery. This case highlights unmasking of subclinical hyperparathyroidism by vitamin D therapy leading to severe hypercalcemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bala
- Department of Nephrology, Global Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - B Shah
- Department of Nephrology, Global Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Rajput
- Department of Nephrology, Global Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Rao
- Department of Surgery, Global Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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45
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Garnon J, Ramamurthy N, Caudrelier J J, Erceg G, Breton E, Tsoumakidou G, Rao P, Gangi A. MRI-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy of Mediastinal Masses Using a Large Bore Magnet: Technical Feasibility. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2015; 39:761-767. [PMID: 26604114 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-015-1246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and safety of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided percutaneous biopsy of mediastinal masses performed using a wide-bore high-field scanner. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of 16 consecutive patients (8 male, 8 female; mean age 74 years) who underwent MRI-guided core needle biopsy of a mediastinal mass between February 2010 and January 2014. Size and location of lesion, approach taken, time for needle placement, overall duration of procedure, and post-procedural complications were evaluated. Technical success rates and correlation with surgical pathology (where available) were assessed. RESULTS Target lesions were located in the anterior (n = 13), middle (n = 2), and posterior mediastinum (n = 1), respectively. Mean size was 7.2 cm (range 3.6-11 cm). Average time for needle placement was 9.4 min (range 3-18 min); average duration of entire procedure was 42 min (range 27-62 min). 2-5 core samples were obtained from each lesion (mean 2.6). Technical success rate was 100%, with specimens successfully obtained in all 16 patients. There were no immediate complications. Histopathology revealed malignancy in 12 cases (4 of which were surgically confirmed), benign lesions in 3 cases (1 of which was false negative following surgical resection), and one inconclusive specimen (treated as inaccurate since repeat CT-guided biopsy demonstrated thymic hyperplasia). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy in our study were 92.3, 100, 100, 66.7, and 87.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION MRI-guided mediastinal biopsy is a safe procedure with high diagnostic accuracy, which may offer a non-ionizing alternative to CT guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Garnon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.
| | - N Ramamurthy
- Department of Radiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UY, UK
| | - J Caudrelier J
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - G Erceg
- ICube, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - E Breton
- ICube, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - G Tsoumakidou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Rao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.,ICube, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Gangi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.,ICube, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
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46
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Rao P, Moore JK, Stewart R, Hood SD, Runions K, Zepf FD. Diagnostic inexactitude - Reframing and relabelling Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder for ICD-11 does not solve the problem. Med Hypotheses 2015; 85:1035-6. [PMID: 26545314 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Rao
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M561), Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Community Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Department of Health in Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J K Moore
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M561), Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Paediatric Consultation-Liaison Program, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Department of Health in Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - R Stewart
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M561), Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - S D Hood
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Western Australia, GPO Box D184, Perth, WA 6840, Australia
| | - K Runions
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - F D Zepf
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences & School of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M561), Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Specialised Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), Department of Health in Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
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47
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Joon A, Rao P, Shenoy SM, Baliga S. Prevalence of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the patients presenting with acute viral hepatitis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33 Suppl:102-5. [PMID: 25657123 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.150908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) are both enterically transmitted, resulting in acute viral hepatitis (AVH) in developing countries. They pose major health problems in our country. This study was done to determine prevalence of HAV and HEV in patients presenting with AVH and the co-infection of HAV and HEV in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study of 2-years duration was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, KMC, Mangalore. A non-random sampling of 958 patients presenting with AVH was considered in the study. On the basis of history, serum samples were analysed for IgM anti-HAV and IgM anti-HEV for the detection of HAV and HEV, respectively using commercially available ELISA kits. Data collected was analysed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11.5. RESULTS The seroprevalence of HAV- and HEV-positive patients were 19.31% and 10.54%, respectively. The seroprevalence of both HAV and HEV in patients with acute viral hepatitis was 11.5%. The prevalence of HAV and HEV among males (68% and 31%) was higher than in females (31% and 20%) and was predominantly seen among young adults. These infections were predominantly seen during end of monsoons and beginning of winter. CONCLUSION Though the prevalence of HAV is much higher than that of HEV, co-infection rate of 11.5% mandates the screening for HEV which will be of immense importance in pregnant women and improving levels of personal hygiene among higher socio-economic population. These data will be essential for planning of future vaccination strategies and for better sanitation programme in this part of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S M Shenoy
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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48
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Kumar P, Rao T, Prasad Y, Rao C, Rajyam P, Sarma M, Ashok G, Rao P. Role of Chandipura virus in an “epidemic brain attack” in Andhra Pradesh, India. J Pediatr Neurol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Kumar
- Children's Brain Clinic, Secunderabad, India
| | - T. Rao
- Civil Surgeon Pediatrician, Karimnagar District Headquarters' Hospital, India
| | - Y. Prasad
- Pediatric Neurology Division of Department of Neurology, Osmania Medical College/Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | - C. Rao
- Department of Radiology, Elbit Medical Diagnostics Limited, Hyderabad, India
| | - P. Rajyam
- Directorate of Health, Government of Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M.M.V. Sarma
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Hyderabad, India
| | - Gajula Ashok
- Pediatric Neurology Division of Department of Neurology, Osmania Medical College/Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | - P. Rao
- Pediatric Neurology Division of Department of Neurology, Osmania Medical College/Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad, India
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49
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Abstract
Fungal infections of the urinary tract are usually encountered following prolonged antibiotic use, instrumentation and indwelling urinary catheters. These type of infections are mostly seen in immuno-compromised patients. Candida is the most common among the fungal infections of urinary tract followed by Aspergillus infection. Here is a case report of a 26 year old diabetic female who presented with abdominal pain, fever, nausea and vomiting. She had undergone double-J stenting 15-20 days back. The cause of the symptoms was not detected till the patient underwent C.T Scan-KUB with excretory urography which showed the displaced D-J stent. Then on performing replacement of D-J stent, cystoscopy was done and the tissue sample was sent for microbiological and histopathological examination. On Microbiological examination, Aspergillus flavus was isolated from the tissue, which was culprit behind the disease. Patient was then treated with anti-fungal drugs, following which she gradually improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rao
- Department of Microbiology, Narayana Health Multispeciality Hospital, Ahmedabad - 382 424, Gujarat, India
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50
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Rao P, Hong L, Gjertson D, Balaz I, Fishbein M, Deng M, Harre N, Leuchter R, Banchs H, DeNofrio D, Eisen H, Ewald G, Kfoury A, Kobashigawa J, Starling R, Torre-Amione G, Van Bakel A, Reed E. Effect of Everolimus Immunotherapy on HLA Antibody Production in Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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