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Tan M, Huang Q, Fan H, Wu Y, Reardon RC, Qiang S. First Report of Leaf Spot Disease on Microstegium vimineum Caused by Bipolaris setariae in China. Plant Dis 2022; 106:1295. [PMID: 34533405 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-21-0703-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Tan
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Fan
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Wu
- USDA Forest Service-Forest Health Assessment & Applied Sciences Team, Morgantown, WV, U.S.A
| | - Richard C Reardon
- USDA Forest Service-Forest Health Assessment & Applied Sciences Team, Morgantown, WV, U.S.A
| | - S Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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CHEN Z, FU J, SHU Q, WANG W, CHEN Y, HUA C, LI F, LIN R, TANG L, WANG T, WANG Y, XU W, YANG Z, YE S, YUAN T, ZHANG C, ZHANG Y. [Diagnosis and treatment recommendation for pediatric COVID-19 (the second edition)]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2020; 49:139-146. [PMID: 32391657 PMCID: PMC8800665 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.02.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic. All people including children are generally susceptible to COVID-19, but the condition is relatively mild for children. The diagnosis of COVID-19 is largely based on the epidemiological evidence and clinical manifestations, and confirmed by positive detection of virus nucleic acid in respiratory samples. The main symptoms of COVID-19 in children are fever and cough; the total number of white blood cell count is usually normal or decreased; the chest imaging is characterized by interstitial pneumonia, which is similar to other respiratory virus infections and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. Early identification, early isolation, early diagnosis and early treatment are important for clinical management. The treatment of mild or moderate type of child COVID-19 is mainly symptomatic. For severe and critical ill cases, the oxygen therapy, antiviral drugs, antibacterial drugs, glucocorticoids, mechanical ventilation or even extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) may be adopted, and the treatment plan should be adjusted timely through multi-disciplinary cooperation.
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XU J, SHU Q. [Application of 3D printing techniques in treatment of congenital heart disease]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019; 48:573-579. [PMID: 31901034 PMCID: PMC8800709 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2019.10.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect at present. In recent years, the application of 3D printing in the diagnosis and treatment of CHD has been widely recognized, which presents CHD lesions in 3D solid model and provides a better understanding of the anatomy of CHD. In the future, 3D printing technology would improve the surgical proficiency, shorten the operation time, reduce the occurrence of perioperative complications, and create more personalized cardiovascular implants, therefore promote the precision of diagnosis and treatment for congenital heart disease. This article reviews the application of 3D printing technology in preoperative planning, intraoperative navigation and personalized implants of CHD, in surgical training and medical education, as well as in promoting doctor-patient communication and better understanding their condition for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiang SHU
- 舒强(1965-), 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事出生缺陷防治和小儿心胸外科研究; E-mail:
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6255
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TONG F, YANG R, LIU C, WU D, ZHANG T, HUANG X, HONG F, QIAN G, HUANG X, ZHOU X, SHU Q, ZHAO Z. [Screening for hereditary tyrosinemia and genotype analysis in newborns]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019; 48:459-464. [PMID: 31901053 PMCID: PMC8800675 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2019.08.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the results of screening for hereditary tyrosinemia (HT) in newborns and its clinical features and genotype. METHODS The HT screening was conducted among 2 188 784 newborns from November 2013 to November 2018. The tyrosine (TYR)/ succinylacetone (SA) levels were detected by tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS). The clinical characteristics, genetic results and following up data of identified patients were analyzed. RESULTS The normal ranges (0.5%-95.5%) of TYR and SA were 34.5-280.0 μmol/L and 0.16-2.58 μmol/L, respectively. Three HT cases were confirmed with a detection rate of 1∶729 595. There was 1 case of tyrosinemia type Ⅰ (HTⅠ) (homozygous variations of c.455G>A in FAH gene), 1 case of tyrosinemia type Ⅱ(HTⅡ) (heterozygous variations of c.890G>T and c.408+1G>A in TAT gene), and 1 case of tyrosinemia type Ⅲ (HT Ⅲ) (homozygous variations of c.257T>C in HPD gene). The variations of c.890G>T, c.4081G>A of TAT and c.257T>C of HPD were novel. The positive predictive value of the screening was 3.4%. Case 1 (HTⅠ) with TYR and SA values of 666.9 μmol/L and 3.87 μmol/L respectively, presented cholestasis, mild elevated of liver enzyme and lactic acid, who were although fed with TYR and phenylalanine free milk, but died at 2 months of age. Case 2 (HTⅡ) with higher TYR (625.6 μmol/L) and normal SA at screening, received medical milk treatment; during the 7 months of follow-up the baby showed normal score of Bayley assessment and normal TYR without eye and skin symptoms. Case 3 (HT Ⅲ) with TYR of 1035.3 μmol/L and normal SA at screening; during the 29 months of follow-up the value of TYR fluctuated from 532.1 μmol/L to 1060.3 μmol/L due to irregular medical milk treatment, while the score of Bayley assessment was normal. CONCLUSIONS HT is rare in the southern Chinese population, and the gene spectrum is scattered. Early treatment with nitisinone is recommended in children with HTⅠ, otherwise the prognosis is poor; the prognosis of children with HTⅡ is good when early treated with special diet; the prognosis of children with HTⅢ needs to be determined with more data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhengyan ZHAO
- 赵正言(1953—), 男, 硕士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事遗传代谢病和儿童保健学研究; E-mail:
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8626-2578
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CHEN T, ZHAO Z, JIANG P, SHU Q. [Research progress on phenotype and genotype of hyperphenylalaninemia]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018; 47:219-226. [PMID: 30226320 PMCID: PMC10393690 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2018.06.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hyperphenylalaninemia(HPA), an autosomal recessive disease, is the most common inborn error of amino acid metabolism, caused by the deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase(PAH) or tetrahydrobiopterin(BH4) which induced by mutations of genes. The accumulation of the clinical database and genetic information will enhance the development of novel personalized medicine and to provide more accurate and timely diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for HPA. This paper summarizes the correlations between HPA metabolism and PAH, BH4, pathogenic genes and their distributions in HPA, as well as the phenotypes and genotypes of HPA, so as to provide reference for personalized medicine for HPA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiang SHU
- 舒强(1965-), 男, 博士, 主任医师, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事出生缺陷综合防治研究; E-mail:
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6255
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Qiang S, Yaoting Y, Hongyin L, Klinkmann H. Comparative Evaluation of Different Membranes for the Construction of an Artificial Liver Support System. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889702000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, many technological improvements have been made in the construction of extracorporeal liver support systems. Among these achievements, membranes of artificial capillary system, used as substrates of hepatocyte growth, aroused our interest in their application for the construction of bioreactors. The present paper studied the comparison of hepatocyte growth and function on six different membranes. Four of them are cellulose based membranes, Cuprophan, Hemophan, Cellulose acetate, and Bioflux; two are synthetic polymer SPAN and Polysulphone. Human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721, with moderately differentiated hepatocyte-specific functions, was inoculated into the hollow fiber cartridges. These cells were allowed to attach and to grow over these membranes. It was found that there existed differences in hepatocyte immobilization and growth among these membranes. They influenced the growth and functions of hepatoma cells in vitro to some extent. These results show that membrane is an important factor in the construction of capillary membrane bioreactors for artificial liver support.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Qiang
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin - P.R. China
| | - Y. Yaoting
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin - P.R. China
| | - L. Hongyin
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin - P.R. China
| | - H. Klinkmann
- International Faculty of Artificial Organs, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow - UK
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Yidong Z, Changjun W, Yanyan Z, Yuhua G, Yanfang G, Li P, Ling Y, Xin Y, Xuefeng X, Qiang S. Circulating tumor DNA detection in primary breast cancer patients by targeted sequencing: Consistency with tumor DNA and factors influencing detection. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx655.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Yu B, Zhao S, Hu D, Ambegaonakr BM, DYSIS-China Study Investigators, Jia Er BA, Guiwen C, Buxing C, Hong C, Jin C, Jing C, Liefeng C, Min C, Qiong C, Shaoliang C, Tielong C, Xiaofei C, Xiaohong C, You C, Guoli C, Mei C, Hongliang C, Qin C, Shiwei C, Yong C, Shudong D, Henghua D, Xiaomei D, Yirong D, Xiaoyan D, Birong D, Yumei D, Yugang D, Ping D, Lei D, Limei F, Ningyuan F, Lixia F, Lie F, Jun G, GeWeihong, Hongmin G, Minxia G, Qinghua H, Fengchang H, Dayi H, Lingzhi H, Xueqiang H, Yaojun H, Yiming H, Zhiping H, Fei H, Qi H, Dejia H, Gewen H, Hongman H, Liming H, Qiong H, Ruowen H, Taifu H, Bin J, Kai J, Hui J, Huigen J, Jinsong K, Bao L, Chengjiang L, Hongjuan L, Jun(Xinjiang) L, Jun(Jiangsu) L, Nanfang L, Qifu L, Qiang L, Xin L, Xueyou L, Yanbing L, Yanping L, Yansheng L, Yong L, Yuling L, Zhanquan L, Zhengfang L, Li L, Yongxue L, Zerong L, Yuhua L, Fan L, Hong L, Hui L, Minling L, Qiang L, Qingsong L, Shaokui L, Weidong L, Xueping L, Xinjian L, Benyan L, Shaonian L, Suxin L, Hong L, LvYun, Aiqun M, Jianhua M, Qiang M, Yan M, Changsheng M, Yide M, Yiming M, NieXiaoli, NiuXiaoyuan, Hongtao P, Mingkang P, Qiaoqing P, Huifen Q, Qiumin Q, Lijie Q, Liqun R, Jingshan S, Qiang S, Jing H, Xiuyun S, Yongquan S, Liangyi S, Zhi S, Zhiyuan S, Yufeng S, Chunyan T, TengXiaochun, Haoming T, Wenhua T, Qinwei T, TuQiuyun, Keying W, Aihong W, Chaohui W, Chunning W, Dezhao W, Guixia W, Hanqiao W, Jianan W, Jianjun W, Lan W, Xiaoming W, Yaping W, Yangwei W, Yongjun W, Meifang W, Yidong W, Hongyun W, Chun W, Dongmei W, Jiang W, Jun W, Xiaolin W, Zonggui W, XiGuangxia, Yi X, Qian X, Xiaoping X, Yulong X, Anding X, XueYuanming, Chuanzhu Y, Tao Y, Xiaowei Y, Gangyi Y, Jian Y, Wangpingm Y, Xiaosu Y, Xinchun Y, Yifang Y, Yu Y, Mingyu Y, Min Y, Ping Y, Bo Y, Jiangyi Y, Jinming Y, Yan Y, Ling Z, Longyi Z, Xiaoyun Z, Baorong Z, Bei Z, Chaoxin Z, Xuelian Z, Dadong Z, Dongping Z, Fuchun Z, Hong Z, Huifang Z, Liping Z, Liyang Z, Rufu Z, Saidan Z, Weijuan Z, Dong Z, Gang Z, Shuiping Z, Xiuxin Z, Qiangsun Z, Yang Z, Xiaohui Z, Yali Z, Yujie Z, Yi Z, Yulan Z, Xiangping Z. Gender differences in lipid goal attainment among Chinese patients with coronary heart disease: insights from the DYSlipidemia International Study of China. Eur Heart J Suppl 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suv018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Xie HJ, Li H, Liu D, Dai WM, He JY, Lin S, Duan H, Liu LL, Chen SG, Song XL, Valverde BE, Qiang S. ICE1demethylation drives the range expansion of a plant invader through cold tolerance divergence. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:835-50. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H. J. Xie
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - H. Li
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - D. Liu
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - W. M. Dai
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - J. Y. He
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - S. Lin
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - H. Duan
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - L. L. Liu
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - S. G. Chen
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - X. L. Song
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
| | - B. E. Valverde
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The University of Copenhagen, Hojebakkegaard Allé 13, Taastrup DK-2630, Denmark
| | - S. Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing 210095 China
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Shirk RY, Hamrick JL, Zhang C, Qiang S. Patterns of genetic diversity reveal multiple introductions and recurrent founder effects during range expansion in invasive populations of Geranium carolinianum (Geraniaceae). Heredity (Edinb) 2013; 112:497-507. [PMID: 24346497 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2013.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic diversity, and thus the adaptive potential of invasive populations, is largely based on three factors: patterns of genetic diversity in the species' native range, the number and location of introductions and the number of founding individuals per introduction. Specifically, reductions in genetic diversity ('founder effects') should be stronger for species with low within-population diversity in their native range and few introductions of few individuals to the invasive range. We test these predictions with Geranium carolinianum, a winter annual herb native to North America and invasive in China. We measure the extent of founder effects using allozymes and microsatellites, and ask whether this is consistent with its colonization history and patterns of diversity in the native range. In the native range, genetic diversity is higher and structure is lower than expected based on life history traits. In China, our results provide evidence for multiple introductions near Nanjing, Jiangsu province, with subsequent range expansion to the west and south. Patterns of genetic diversity across China reveal weak founder effects that are driven largely by low-diversity populations at the expansion front, away from the introduction location. This suggests that reduced diversity in China has resulted from successive founder events during range expansion, and that the loss of genetic diversity in the Nanjing area was mitigated by multiple introductions from diverse source populations. This has implications for the future of G. carolinianum in China, as continued gene flow among populations should eventually increase genetic diversity within the more recently founded populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Y Shirk
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J L Hamrick
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - C Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - S Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Li Y, Sun XQ, Yan QQ, Guo JL, Qiang S, Song XL, Li MM. Isolation and characterization of microsatellite DNA loci for wild Brassica juncea (Brassicaceae). Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:5392-5. [PMID: 24301911 DOI: 10.4238/2013.november.8.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Wild Brassica juncea is a widespread weed in China with increasingly great impact on the yield of many crops. This study aimed to develop microsatellite markers for assessing the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of B. juncea, and to provide basic information for biological and chemical control of the weed. The compound microsatellite marker technique was used to develop markers for investigating population genetics of wild B. juncea. Twelve loci were obtained, each of which showed high polymorphisms when tested in two populations in Sichuan and Jiangsu Provinces. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 27, with an average of 15.2 alleles per locus. The newly developed microsatellite loci will be informative for further investigations of the population genetics and evolutionary patterns of wild B. juncea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Xu S, Shu G, Qiang S, Lei C, Xiumei Z. Advances in plastic and cosmetic surgery at home and abroad - a bibliometric analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17:2732-2754. [PMID: 24174355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plastic and cosmetic surgery is a new branch deriving from plastic surgery. Although several studies concerning advances in plastic and cosmetic surgeries have been reported, most literatures focus on specific diagnosis and treatment technology, but not the overall progress. AIM We attempt to use bibiometric analysis to investigate main research hotspots at home and abroad, outstanding researchers and excellent institutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrieved relevant literatures published between 2007 and 2011 in five foreign and four Chinese journals. gCLUTO was used to perform double clustering analysis. Price's Law was used to analyze authors with high yield. Literature profiling was performed to construct author-keyword and institution-keyword matrix to comprehend research feature of high yield authors and research institutions. RESULTS A total of 67 and 94 high-frequency words were obtained from English and Chinese journals. Clustering analysis indicated that research hotspots at home and abroad mainly included side-effects of augmentation mammoplasty and its therapy, eyelid plastic surgery, cartilage transplantation and/or cartilage suture in nose plastic surgery, plastic surgery in cheilopalatognathus and nasal deformity, construction of surgical flaps, and facial plastic cosmetology. In addition, several authors and institutions with high yield also had been identified and they might have different research features. CONCLUSIONS We investigate advances, hotspots, experts and their institutions in plastic and cosmetic surgery in recent five years at home and abroad, which would provide some research directions for professionals of plastic and cosmetic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the first Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Zhang Y, Qiang S, Yu Z, Zhang W, Xu Z, Yang L, Wen A, Hang T. LC-MS-MS Determination of Imatinib and N-Desmethyl Imatinib in Human Plasma. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:344-50. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Tang W, Zhu YZ, He HQ, Qiang S. First Report of Southern Blight on Canadian Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis) Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in China. Plant Dis 2010; 94:1172. [PMID: 30743717 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-94-9-1172b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Canadian goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L., Asteraceae) is a rhizomatous perennial plant native to North America that has invaded eastern China and continues to spread northward and westward. It is quite common on field borders, roadsides, and in undeveloped areas, posing a serious threat to native ecosystems and their biodiversity. During the late summers of 2007 and 2008, wilted Canadian goldenrod plants were occasionally found in invasive populations in the suburb of Nanjing city. Wilted plants were transplanted and maintained in a greenhouse at Nanjing Agricultural University. A white mass of fungal hyphae, which grew on the soil surface around the stem of the symptomatic S. canadesis plants and eventually covered the stem, was observed. Initially, the base of the stem became yellow, turned brown, and the light brown discoloration extended up the stem to a height of 3 to 7 cm. The leaves then collapsed, starting from the top until the entire plant wilted. The fungus produced numerous, small, roundish sclerotia of uniform size (0.7 to 2.0 mm in diameter), which were white at first and then became brown to dark brown. The fungus grew into the stems and downward into the rhizome area, but no sclerotia were detected inside the stem or root. Diseased tissue with sclerotia was disinfested for 1 min in 1% NaOCl and plated on potato dextrose agar amended with 100 mg/liter of streptomycin sulfate. On the basis of sclerotia morphology and the presence of clamp connections at hyphal septa, the fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. Pathogenicity of the isolate was confirmed by inoculating 1-year-old S. canadensis plants (average 1.5 m high) grown in pots. The inoculum consisted of cottonseed hulls infested with mycelium and sclerotia of the pathogen and was placed on the soil surface around the base of each unwounded plant. Noninoculated plants served as controls. The pathogenicity test was conducted twice. After inoculation, the plants were maintained at high humidity and 30°C for 3 days and then transferred to a greenhouse. All inoculated plants developed symptoms of southern blight. Inoculated plants developed symptoms of wilting 5 to 7 days after inoculation and were completely wilted within 15 to 20 days. Symptoms of wilting were soon followed by the appearance of white-to-light brown sclerotia on the collar region. Control plants remained symptomless and Sclerotium rolfsii was reisolated from inoculated plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of southern blight of Canadian goldenrod caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Tang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Y Z Zhu
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - H Q He
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - S Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
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Naruse K, Sakai Y, Lei G, Sakamoto Y, Kobayashi T, Puliatti C, Aronica G, Morale W, Leone F, Qiang S, Ming SG, Ming S, Li Z, Chang SJ, Suzuki M, Makuuchi M. Efficacy of nonwoven fabric bioreactor immobilized with porcine hepatocytes for ex vivo xenogeneic perfusion treatment of liver failure in dogs. Artif Organs 2001; 25:273-80. [PMID: 11318756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a new bioartificial liver bioreactor filled with porcine hepatocytes immobilized on polyester nonwoven fabric (NWF). In this study, we investigated the efficacy of our hybrid bioartificial liver system incorporating the NWF bioreactors and an immunoglobulin adsorbent column for perfusion treatment in a canine liver failure model. Xenogeneic perfusion treatment for operative canine liver failure models were performed for 3 h, and survival time, intracranial pressure, and blood and cerebrospinal fluid data were documented. Treatment was carried out without obstruction by immunological rejection when immunoglobulin adsorbent columns were used with the NWF bioreactors in combination. Dogs treated with this system exhibited a restricted increase of intracranial pressure and significant compensatory effects on blood and cerebrospinal amino acid imbalances as shown by a significant improvement of Fischer's ratio. On the other hand, relatively low capacity for ammonia elimination was shown as compared with homologous direct hemoperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Naruse
- Division of Artificial Organs and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
Hookworm infection continues to be a serious problem in rural areas of China. Rapid reinfection and high cost limit the effectiveness of deworming programs. Vaccination offers an attractive alternative to mass chemotherapy. However, variation in vaccine antigens from field hookworm populations could conceivably limit efficacy of a vaccine developed from laboratory strains. Reported here are initial experiments to ascertain levels of molecular variation in a promising vaccine antigen, ASP-1, from the dog hookworm Ancylostoma caninum. ASP-1 from a Chinese strain of A. caninum was isolated from a third-stage larval cDNA library and compared to ASP-1 from a U.S. strain. There was 97% and 98% similarity in the DNA and amino acid sequences, respectively. There were 42 polymorphic sites between the sequences, 30 of which were synonymous. The 12 nonsynonymous substitutions resulted in 10 changes in the deduced amino acid sequence. Five of the amino acid changes were in the N-terminal domain, whereas the C-terminal domain was more highly conserved, containing only 2 amino acid changes. The results suggest that the effect of molecular variation in antigens from geographically separated parasite populations should be considered during vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Qiang
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventative Medicine, Shanghai
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17
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Sen L, Ghosh K, Bin Z, Qiang S, Thompson MG, Hawdon JM, Koski RA, Shuhua X, Hotez PJ. Hookworm burden reductions in BALB/c mice vaccinated with recombinant Ancylostoma secreted proteins (ASPs) from Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma caninum and Necator americanus. Vaccine 2000; 18:1096-102. [PMID: 10590331 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(99)00371-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination of mice with alum-precipitated recombinant Ancylostoma secreted protein-1 from the canine hookworm Ancylostoma caninum (Ac-ASP-1) results in protection against A. caninum larval challenge. Vaccine protection is manifested by host reductions in hookworm burden compared to control mice. The goal of this study was to determine whether ASP antigens cloned and expressed from different hookworm species will cross protect against A. caninum larval challenge. Cross-species protection against A. caninum challenge infections was observed with immunizations using recombinant ASP-1 from the human hookworms Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. However, the degree of protection was proportional to the extent of amino acid sequence homology between the ASP immunogen used for vaccination and the Ac-ASP-1 produced by the challenge larval strain. Vaccine protection was noted to decrease significantly as amino acid sequence homologies diverged 10% or more. It was also determined that Ac-ASP-2, a molecule cloned from A. caninum having 55% amino acid sequence homology to the C-terminus of Ac-ASP-1, did not elicit vaccine protection. These observations were partly reflected in the titer of antibodies that recognize Ac-ASP-1. The studies reported here will help to design immunogenic peptide vaccines based on the sequence divergence of hookworm ASPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sen
- Departments of Epidemiology and Public Health and Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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18
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Bin Z, Hawdon J, Qiang S, Hainan R, Huiqing Q, Wei H, Shu-Hua X, Tiehua L, Xing G, Zheng F, Hotez P. Ancylostoma secreted protein 1 (ASP-1) homologues in human hookworms. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1999; 98:143-9. [PMID: 10029316 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-6851(98)00157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Bin
- Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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19
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Qiang S, Yaoting Y, Hongyin L, Klinkmann H. Comparative evaluation of different membranes for the construction of an artificial liver support system. Int J Artif Organs 1997; 20:119-24. [PMID: 9093892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
During the past decades, many technological improvements have been made in the construction of extracorporeal liver support systems. Among these achievements, membranes of artificial capillary system, used as substrates of hepatocyte growth, aroused our interest in their application for the construction of bioreactors. The present paper studied the comparison of hepatocyte growth and function on six different membranes. Four of them are cellulose based membranes, Cuprophan, Hemophan, Cellulose acetate, and Bioflux; two are synthetic polymer SPAN and Polysulphone. Human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721, with moderately differentiated hepatocyte-specific functions, was inoculated into the hollow fiber cartridges. These cells were allowed to attach and to grow over these membranes. It was found that there existed differences in hepatocyte immobilization and growth among these membranes. They influenced the growth and functions of hepatoma cells in vitro to some extent. These results show that membrane is an important factor in the construction of capillary membrane bioreactors for artificial liver support.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Qiang
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, P.R. China
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