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Bellamy E, Larsen Moberg H, Suárez-Bonnet A, Palma SD, Murgia D, Pittaway R, Verganti S. Feline ventral abdominal wall angiosarcoma: haemangiosarcoma or lymphangiosarcoma? Clinical and pathological characteristics in nine cases. J Feline Med Surg 2024; 26:1098612X231216636. [PMID: 38227337 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x231216636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Angiosarcomas are rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasms of endothelial cell origin with a predilection to the ventral abdominal wall in cats. Larger case series describing this entity are lacking. METHODS Two referral centre laboratory databases were searched for angiosarcoma of the ventral abdominal wall. Nine cases with a histological diagnosis were included. Immunohistochemistry (factor VIII and PROX-1 antibodies) was used to phenotype them as haemangiosarcoma or lymphangiosarcoma. RESULTS All cats presented with a ventral abdominal mass, five of which were producing a serosanguinous discharge. Eight underwent tumour staging and pulmonary metastases were suspected in one cat (but not histologically confirmed). With histopathology alone, a diagnosis of angiosarcoma and lymphangiosarcoma was made in four and five cases, respectively. After immunohistochemistry, five cases had a haemangiosarcoma phenotype and four had a lymphangiosarcoma phenotype, including two cases of lymphangiosarcoma that were reclassified as hemangiosarcoma. Eight cats received treatment (either surgery with or without adjuvant therapies or medical management alone). Six cats were euthanased due to local disease progression. The median survival time for haemangiosarcoma was 166 days (range 137-381), and for lymphangiosarcoma it was 197 days (range 67-208). Two cats with haemangiosarcoma remained alive for a follow-up period of 329 and 580 days, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Feline ventral abdominal angiosarcomas are rare locally aggressive neoplasms. While histology often provides a diagnosis of angiosarcoma, immunohistochemistry is ultimately required to differentiate between haemangiosarcoma and lymphangiosarcoma phenotypes. Further studies are required to evaluate whether the different phenotypes have an impact on treatment response and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Bellamy
- Animal Health Trust, Centre of Small Animal Studies, Newmarket, UK
- Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, Cambridgeshire, Newmarket, UK
| | - Hanne Larsen Moberg
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Stefano Di Palma
- Animal Health Trust, Centre of Small Animal Studies, Newmarket, UK
- IDEXX Laboratories Ltd, Wetherby, UK
| | - Daniela Murgia
- Animal Health Trust, Centre of Small Animal Studies, Newmarket, UK
- Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, Cambridgeshire, Newmarket, UK
| | - Rachel Pittaway
- Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, Cambridgeshire, Newmarket, UK
| | - Sara Verganti
- Animal Health Trust, Centre of Small Animal Studies, Newmarket, UK
- Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, Cambridgeshire, Newmarket, UK
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Wong HE, Cullen JM, Vilà-González M, Pittaway R, Desmet VJ, Gillian TD. Patent hepatic ciliated foregut remnant resulting in an umbilicobiliary sinus tract, with gallbladder agenesis, in an 8-wk-old male French Bulldog. J Vet Diagn Invest 2023; 35:196-200. [PMID: 36600481 PMCID: PMC9999390 DOI: 10.1177/10406387221147317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ciliated foregut remnants or cysts are congenital abnormalities resulting from retention of embryonic ciliated foregut within the liver. These structures are rarely reported in the human medical literature and have not been reported in the veterinary literature previously, to our knowledge. We describe here a case of an 8-wk-old male French Bulldog with a congenital patent hepatic ciliated foregut remnant resulting in an umbilicobiliary sinus tract. The dog also had concurrent gallbladder agenesis. The patient had yellow fluid discharging from the umbilicus, mimicking a patent urachus. Surgical exploration, removal, and histology provided a conclusive diagnosis of a hepatic foregut remnant and therapeutic resolution of the clinical signs. The histologic appearance of a hepatic foregut remnant is classical, namely a duct composed of 4 layers: an inner ciliated epithelial lining, loose connective tissue, smooth muscle, and a fibrous capsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. Wong
- Hannah E. Wong, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
| | - John M. Cullen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Marta Vilà-González
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Valeer J. Desmet
- Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tammy D. Gillian
- Oakwood Veterinary Referrals, Willows Veterinary Hospital, Hartford, Northwick, Cheshire, UK
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Pittaway R, Dobromylskyj MJ, Erles K, Pittaway CE, Suárez-Bonnet A, Chang YM, Priestnall SL. Nonocular Melanocytic Neoplasia in Cats: Characterization and Proposal of a Histologic Classification Scheme to More Accurately Predict Clinical Outcome. Vet Pathol 2019; 56:868-877. [PMID: 31221042 DOI: 10.1177/0300985819854435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nonocular melanocytic neoplasia is considered uncommon in cats yet is routinely encountered in diagnostic pathology and recognized to exhibit a wide variation in biological behavior. Accurate prediction of clinical outcomes is challenging with no widely recognized prognostic criteria. Signalment and tumor location were retrospectively evaluated in 324 cats diagnosed with nonocular melanocytic neoplasia. Histologic features were described in 141 neoplasms and outcome data were available in 79 cases. Immunohistochemistry using Melan-A, PNL-2, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and E-cadherin was performed in a subset (n = 24). Multivariate analysis identified tumor site, mitotic count, and the presence of intratumoral necrosis to be independent predictors of tumor-related death. On the basis of these findings, we propose a novel histologic grading scheme in which nonocular melanocytic neoplasms involving the lips, oral or nasal mucosa, or nasal planum are considered high grade if they fulfill 1 or both of the following criteria: at least 4 mitoses in 10 high-power fields (HPF) or presence of intratumoral necrosis; those arising elsewhere are considered high grade if they fulfill both of the above criteria. Of 79 tumors with outcome data, 43 (54%) were low grade and 36 (46%) were high grade. The grading system had an 80% sensitivity and 92% specificity for predicting tumor-related death in this population of cats. Median survival for cats with low-grade tumors was not reached, and the median survival was 90 days for those with a high-grade tumor. PNL-2 and Melan-A were sensitive markers for feline nonocular melanocytic neoplasia, and although not significantly associated with prognosis, a large proportion expressed COX-2, suggesting a potential therapeutic role for COX-2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Pittaway
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
| | | | | | - Charles E Pittaway
- Department of Oncology, Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alejandro Suárez-Bonnet
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
| | - Yu-Mei Chang
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
| | - Simon L Priestnall
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
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Suárez-Bonnet A, Willis C, Pittaway R, Smith K, Mair T, Priestnall SL. Molecular carcinogenesis in equine penile cancer: A potential animal model for human penile cancer. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:532.e9-532.e18. [PMID: 30270026 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the expression of COX-2, E-cadherin, vimentin, 14-3-3σ, and Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) tumor-related proteins in equine penile papillomas (ePP) and squamous cell carcinomas (ePSCC), the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) at the invasion front (IF) and compare our findings with current knowledge on human penile squamous cell carcinoma (hPSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed, by immunohistochemistry in 45 equine penile proliferative epithelial lesions, the expression of COX-2, E-cadherin, vimentin, 14-3-3σ, and PTEN using monoclonal antibodies. Tumors were histopathologically classified as well-differentiated or poorly differentiated using the IF grading scheme. Semiquantitative analysis was performed to determine down or up-regulation of the proteins and association with histopathological characteristics were statistically investigated using Mann-Whitney U test and/or Spearman's tests. RESULTS COX-2 was neo-expressed in 86.6% of the cases and expression progressively increased from ePP to ePSCC (P = 0.0003) and from well to poorly differentiated (P = 0.033). High COX-2 expression was associated with a high mitotic index (MI) (P = 0.026). In contrast to normal epidermis, ePSCC had very low E-cadherin expression in 64% of the cases (P = 0.0005). Vimentin was neo-expressed in 65% of poorly differentiated ePSCC at the IF indicating EMT. Cytoplasmic 14-3-3σ protein expression was reduced in 42% of the ePSCC and additionally, nuclear expression of 14-3-3σ in neoplastic keratinocytes and in the cytoplasm of stromal fibroblasts at the IF was features only found in ePSCC. PTEN protein showed a tendency to be decreased or lost in ePSCC. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence of molecular abnormalities in ePSCC similar to those reported for human PSCC. The occurrence of EMT at the IF is a common event in ePSCC. Naturally occurring ePSCC could serve as a valuable preclinical animal model to explore upcoming therapeutic options for hPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Suárez-Bonnet
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
| | - Claire Willis
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Rachel Pittaway
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Ken Smith
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Tim Mair
- Bell Equine Veterinary Clinic, Mereworth, Maidstone, Kent ME18 5GS, UK
| | - Simon L Priestnall
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK
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Pittaway R, Wu Y, Szladovits B, Suárez-Bonnet A, Scurrell EJ, Garden OA, Polton G, Priestnall SL. Diagnosis of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in a dog using CD30 immunohistochemistry. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 30:455-458. [PMID: 29455626 DOI: 10.1177/1040638718760965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma or null-cell lymphoma is a clinical entity reported in people, classified according to the unique appearance of large pleomorphic cells that express CD30. Null-cell lymphoma has also been described in dogs when neither CD3 nor CD79α is expressed by the tumor. We describe a case of lymphoma in the dog in which neoplastic cells did not express routine B- or T-lymphocyte markers on flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry; however, cells immunohistochemically labeled for CD30. The dog in our case died 5 mo after initial presentation, confirming a poor prognosis. Identification of further similar cases in dogs would provide additional prognostic information for this subset of lymphomas. CD30 may also serve as a potential therapeutic target in anaplastic large-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Pittaway
- Departments of Pathobiology and Population Sciences (Pittaway, Szladovits, Suárez-Bonnet, Priestnall), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,Clinical Science and Services (Wu, Garden), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, Surrey, United Kingdom (Polton).,CytoPath Ltd, Ledbury, Herefordshire, United Kingdom (Scurrell).,Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Matthew J Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Garden)
| | - Ying Wu
- Departments of Pathobiology and Population Sciences (Pittaway, Szladovits, Suárez-Bonnet, Priestnall), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,Clinical Science and Services (Wu, Garden), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, Surrey, United Kingdom (Polton).,CytoPath Ltd, Ledbury, Herefordshire, United Kingdom (Scurrell).,Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Matthew J Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Garden)
| | - Balazs Szladovits
- Departments of Pathobiology and Population Sciences (Pittaway, Szladovits, Suárez-Bonnet, Priestnall), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,Clinical Science and Services (Wu, Garden), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, Surrey, United Kingdom (Polton).,CytoPath Ltd, Ledbury, Herefordshire, United Kingdom (Scurrell).,Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Matthew J Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Garden)
| | - Alejandro Suárez-Bonnet
- Departments of Pathobiology and Population Sciences (Pittaway, Szladovits, Suárez-Bonnet, Priestnall), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,Clinical Science and Services (Wu, Garden), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, Surrey, United Kingdom (Polton).,CytoPath Ltd, Ledbury, Herefordshire, United Kingdom (Scurrell).,Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Matthew J Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Garden)
| | - Emma J Scurrell
- Departments of Pathobiology and Population Sciences (Pittaway, Szladovits, Suárez-Bonnet, Priestnall), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,Clinical Science and Services (Wu, Garden), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, Surrey, United Kingdom (Polton).,CytoPath Ltd, Ledbury, Herefordshire, United Kingdom (Scurrell).,Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Matthew J Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Garden)
| | - Oliver A Garden
- Departments of Pathobiology and Population Sciences (Pittaway, Szladovits, Suárez-Bonnet, Priestnall), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,Clinical Science and Services (Wu, Garden), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, Surrey, United Kingdom (Polton).,CytoPath Ltd, Ledbury, Herefordshire, United Kingdom (Scurrell).,Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Matthew J Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Garden)
| | - Gerry Polton
- Departments of Pathobiology and Population Sciences (Pittaway, Szladovits, Suárez-Bonnet, Priestnall), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,Clinical Science and Services (Wu, Garden), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, Surrey, United Kingdom (Polton).,CytoPath Ltd, Ledbury, Herefordshire, United Kingdom (Scurrell).,Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Matthew J Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Garden)
| | - Simon L Priestnall
- Departments of Pathobiology and Population Sciences (Pittaway, Szladovits, Suárez-Bonnet, Priestnall), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,Clinical Science and Services (Wu, Garden), The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, United Kingdom.,North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, Surrey, United Kingdom (Polton).,CytoPath Ltd, Ledbury, Herefordshire, United Kingdom (Scurrell).,Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Matthew J Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Garden)
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