1
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Rubis AB, Cole M, Tondella ML, Pawloski LC, Youngkin E, Firmender P, Aden V, Cruz V, Stanislawski E, Wester R, Cieslak PR, Acosta AM, Skoff TH. Assessing the Impact of the 2020 Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Case Definition for Pertussis on Reported Pertussis Cases. Clin Infect Dis 2024:ciae207. [PMID: 38607928 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2020, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) pertussis case definition was modified; the main change was classifying PCR-positive cases as confirmed, regardless of cough duration. Pertussis data reported through Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance (EPS) in seven sites and the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) were used to evaluate the impact of the new case definition. METHODS We compared the number of EPS cases with cough onset in 2020 to the number that would have been reported based on the prior (2014) CSTE case definition. To assess the impact of the change nationally, the proportion of EPS cases newly reportable under the 2020 CSTE case definition was applied to 2020 NNDSS data to estimate how many additional cases were captured nationally. RESULTS Among 442 confirmed and probable cases reported to EPS states in 2020, 42 (9.5%) were newly reportable according to the 2020 case definition. Applying this proportion to the 6,124 confirmed and probable cases reported nationally in 2020, we estimated that the new definition added 582 cases. Had the case definition not changed, reported cases in 2020 would have decreased by 70% from 2019; the observed decrease was 67%. CONCLUSIONS Despite a substantial decrease in reported pertussis cases in the setting of COVID-19, our data show that the 2020 pertussis case definition change resulted in additional case reporting compared with the previous case definition, providing greater opportunities for public health interventions such as prophylaxis of close contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy B Rubis
- Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew Cole
- Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M Lucia Tondella
- Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lucia C Pawloski
- Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erin Youngkin
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Vanessa Aden
- Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Victor Cruz
- Minnesota Department of Public Health, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Rachel Wester
- New York State Department of Public Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Anna M Acosta
- Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA (now with GSK Vaccines)
| | - Tami H Skoff
- Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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2
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Kiesewetter B, Dafni U, de Vries EGE, Barriuso J, Curigliano G, González-Calle V, Galotti M, Gyawali B, Huntly BJP, Jäger U, Latino NJ, Malcovati L, Oosting SF, Ossenkoppele G, Piccart M, Raderer M, Scarfò L, Trapani D, Zielinski CC, Wester R, Zygoura P, Macintyre E, Cherny NI. ESMO-Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale for haematological malignancies (ESMO-MCBS:H) version 1.0. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:734-771. [PMID: 37343663 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)-Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (MCBS) has been accepted as a robust tool to evaluate the magnitude of clinical benefit reported in trials for oncological therapies. However, the ESMO-MCBS hitherto has only been validated for solid tumours. With the rapid development of novel therapies for haematological malignancies, we aimed to develop an ESMO-MCBS version that is specifically designed and validated for haematological malignancies. METHODS ESMO and the European Hematology Association (EHA) initiated a collaboration to develop a version for haematological malignancies (ESMO-MCBS:H). The process incorporated five landmarks: field testing of the ESMO-MCBS version 1.1 (v1.1) to identify shortcomings specific to haematological diseases, drafting of the ESMO-MCBS:H forms, peer review and revision of the draft based on re-scoring (resulting in a second draft), assessment of reasonableness of the scores generated, final review and approval by ESMO and EHA including executive boards. RESULTS Based on the field testing results of 80 haematological trials and extensive review for feasibility and reasonableness, five amendments to ESMO-MCBS were incorporated in the ESMO-MCBS:H addressing the identified shortcomings. These concerned mainly clinical trial endpoints that differ in haematology versus solid oncology and the very indolent nature of nevertheless incurable diseases such as follicular lymphoma, which hampers presentation of mature data. In addition, general changes incorporated in the draft version of the ESMO-MCBS v2 were included, and specific forms for haematological malignancies generated. Here we present the final approved forms of the ESMO-MCBS:H, including instructions. CONCLUSION The haematology-specific version ESMO-MCBS:H allows now full applicability of the scale for evaluating the magnitude of clinical benefit derived from clinical studies in haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kiesewetter
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Dafni
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens; Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - E G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Barriuso
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - G Curigliano
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Division of Early Drug Development, Milan; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - V González-Calle
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, CIBERONC and Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Galotti
- ESMO Head Office, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - B Gyawali
- Departments of Oncology, Oncology; Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston; Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - B J P Huntly
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge & Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - U Jäger
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - L Malcovati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology Oncology, IRCCS S. Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - S F Oosting
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Ossenkoppele
- Department of Haematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Piccart
- Institut Jules Bordet, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Raderer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Scarfò
- Strategic Research Program on CLL, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - D Trapani
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Division of Early Drug Development, Milan; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - C C Zielinski
- Wiener Privatklinik, Central European Academy Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Wester
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Zygoura
- Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - E Macintyre
- Onco-hématologie Biologique, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris; Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, INEM F-75015, Paris, France
| | - N I Cherny
- Cancer Pain and Palliative Medicine Service, Department of Medical Oncology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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3
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Oliver SE, Rubis AB, Soeters HM, Reingold A, Barnes M, Petit S, Farley MM, Harrison LH, Como-Sabetti K, Khanlian SA, Wester R, Thomas A, Schaffner W, Marjuki H, Wang X, Hariri S. Epidemiology of Invasive Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Disease-United States, 2008-2019. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:1889-1895. [PMID: 36722332 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is the most common cause of invasive H. influenzae disease in the United States (US). We evaluated the epidemiology of invasive NTHi disease in the US, including among pregnant women, infants, and people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). METHODS We used data from population- and laboratory-based surveillance for invasive H. influenzae disease conducted in 10 sites to estimate national incidence of NTHi, and to describe epidemiology in women of childbearing age, infants aged ≤30 days (neonates), and PWH living in the surveillance catchment areas. H. influenzae isolates were sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for species confirmation, serotyping, and whole genome sequencing of select isolates. RESULTS During 2008-2019, average annual NTHi incidence in the US was 1.3/100 000 population overall, 5.8/100 000 among children aged <1 year, and 10.2/100 000 among adults aged ≥80 years. Among 225 reported neonates with NTHi, 92% had a positive culture within the first week of life and 72% were preterm. NTHi risk was 23 times higher among preterm compared to term neonates, and 5.6 times higher in pregnant/postpartum compared to nonpregnant women. More than half of pregnant women with invasive NTHi had loss of pregnancy postinfection. Incidence among PWH aged ≥13 years was 9.5 cases per 100 000, compared to 1.1 cases per 100 000 for non-PWH (rate ratio, 8.3 [95% confidence interval, 7.1-9.7]; P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS NTHi causes substantial invasive disease, especially among older adults, pregnant/postpartum women, and neonates. Enhanced surveillance and evaluation of targeted interventions to prevent perinatal NTHi infections may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Oliver
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amy B Rubis
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Heidi M Soeters
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Arthur Reingold
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkley, California, USA
| | - Meghan Barnes
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Susan Petit
- Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Monica M Farley
- Emory University School of Medicine and Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lee H Harrison
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Rachel Wester
- New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Ann Thomas
- Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - William Schaffner
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Henju Marjuki
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Xin Wang
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Susan Hariri
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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4
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Carter C, Khan Z, Wester R, Luli JM, Stiver KL, Badin A, Dodd K. A FACADE OF FIBROSIS: DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS AND SARCOIDOSIS ON ADVANCED CARDIAC IMAGING. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)03378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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5
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Blankenship J, Wester R, Pollard AM, Benatti R. TWO OMINOUS CULPRITS OF LEFT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT OBSTRUCTION. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)03421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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6
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Khan Z, Carter C, Wester R, Stiver KL, Castle LM, Basuray A. A PROGRESSION FROM LEFT TO RIGHT VENTRICULAR FAILURE: METHAMPHETAMINE TOXICITY'S MYRIAD OF DELETERIOUS CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)03087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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7
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McNamara LA, Rubis AB, Pawloski L, Briere E, Misegades L, Brusseau AA, Peña S, Edge K, Wester R, Burzlaff K, Cruz V, Tondella L, Skoff TH. High post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) uptake among household contacts of pertussis patients enrolled in a PEP effectiveness evaluation - United States, 2015-2017. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285953. [PMID: 37200360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for pertussis is recommended for household contacts of pertussis cases in the United States within 21 days of exposure, but data on PEP effectiveness for prevention of secondary cases in the setting of widespread pertussis vaccination are limited. We implemented a multi-state evaluation of azithromycin PEP use and effectiveness among household contacts. METHODS Culture- or PCR-confirmed pertussis cases were identified through surveillance. Household contacts were interviewed within 7 days of case report and again 14-21 days later. Interviewers collected information on exposure, demographics, vaccine history, prior pertussis diagnosis, underlying conditions, PEP receipt, pertussis symptoms, and pertussis testing. A subset of household contacts provided nasopharyngeal and blood specimens during interviews. RESULTS Of 299 household contacts who completed both interviews, 12 (4%) reported not receiving PEP. There was no evidence of higher prevalence of cough or pertussis symptoms among contacts who did not receive PEP. Of 168 household contacts who provided at least one nasopharyngeal specimen, four (2.4%) were culture or PCR positive for B. pertussis; three of these received PEP prior to their positive test result. Of 156 contacts with serologic results, 14 (9%) had blood specimens that were positive for IgG anti-pertussis toxin (PT) antibodies; all had received PEP. CONCLUSIONS Very high PEP uptake was observed among household contacts of pertussis patients. Although the number of contacts who did not receive PEP was small, there was no difference in prevalence of pertussis symptoms or positive laboratory results among these contacts compared with those who did receive PEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A McNamara
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Amy B Rubis
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Lucia Pawloski
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Briere
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Lara Misegades
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Aurora A Brusseau
- New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, NM, United States of America
| | - Sandra Peña
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
- New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, NM, United States of America
| | - Karen Edge
- New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, NM, United States of America
- Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Rachel Wester
- New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, United States of America
| | - Kari Burzlaff
- New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, United States of America
| | - Victor Cruz
- Minnesota Department of Public Health, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - Lucia Tondella
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Tami H Skoff
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
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8
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Giri K, González-Sánchez L, Biswas R, Yurtsever E, Gianturco FA, Sathyamurthy N, Lourderaj U, Wester R. HeH + Collisions with H 2: Rotationally Inelastic Cross Sections and Rate Coefficients from Quantum Dynamics at Interstellar Temperatures. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2244-2261. [PMID: 35363491 PMCID: PMC9014418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We report for the
first time an accurate ab initio potential energy
surface for the HeH+–H2 system in four
dimensions (4D) treating both diatomic species as rigid rotors. The
computed ab initio potential energy point values are fitted using
an artificial neural network method and used in quantum close coupling
calculations for different initial states of both rotors, in their
ground electronic states, over a range of collision energies. The
state-to-state cross section results are used to compute the rate
coefficients over a range of temperatures relevant to interstellar
conditions. By comparing the four dimensional quantum results with
those obtained by a reduced-dimensions approach that treats the H2 molecule as an averaged, nonrotating target, it is shown
that the reduced dimensionality results are in good accord with the
four dimensional results as long as the HeH+ molecule is
not initially rotationally excited. By further comparing the present
rate coefficients with those for HeH+–H and for
HeH+–He, we demonstrate that H2 molecules
are the most effective collision partners in inducing rotational excitation
in HeH+ cation at interstellar temperatures. The rotationally
inelastic rates involving o-H2 and p-H2 excitations are also obtained and they turn
out to be, as in previous systems, orders of magnitude smaller than
those involving the cation. The results for the H2 molecular
partner clearly indicate its large energy-transfer efficiency to the
HeH+ system, thereby confirming its expected importance
within the kinetics networks involving HeH+ in interstellar
environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Giri
- Department of Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - L González-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Salamanca Plaza de los Caídos sn, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rupayan Biswas
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| | - E Yurtsever
- Department of Chemistry, Koc University Rumelifeneriyolu, Sariyer TR 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F A Gianturco
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck Technikerstaße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - N Sathyamurthy
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, Manauli, Punjab 140306, India
| | - U Lourderaj
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| | - R Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck Technikerstaße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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9
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Nallamala H, Wester R, Morris K. Invasive Aspergillosis Manifesting As An Intracardiac Mass In A Heart Transplant Patient. J Card Fail 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2022.03.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Gianturco FA, Giri K, González-Sánchez L, Yurtsever E, Sathyamurthy N, Wester R. Efficiency of rovibrational cooling of HeH + by collisions with He: Cross sections and rate coefficients from quantum dynamics. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:154301. [PMID: 34686057 DOI: 10.1063/5.0062147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
By extending an earlier study [Gianturco et al., J. Chem. Phys. 154, 054311 (2021)] on the purely rotational excitation of HeH+ by He atoms, we report in this paper integral cross sections and rate coefficients for rovibrational excitation and de-excitation processes in HeH+ due to collisions with He. The data were obtained using a new ab initio potential energy surface that includes the vibrational degree of freedom. The results are compared with those computed using the earlier potential energy surface by Panda and Sathyamurthy [J. Phys. Chem. A 107, 7125 (2003)] that additionally accounts for the proton-exchange reaction between HeH+ and He. It is shown that the exchange channel contributes nearly as much as the inelastic channel to the vibrational excitation and de-excitation processes and that the total rate constants pertaining to the purely inelastic processes are largely of the same magnitude as those obtained when both inelastic and reactive channels are included in the dynamics. The inelastic rovibrational rate coefficients involving this astrophysical cation are also found to be much larger than those obtained for anions present in similar interstellar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Gianturco
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K Giri
- Department of Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India
| | - L González-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos sn, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - E Yurtsever
- Department of Chemistry, Koc University, Rumelifeneriyolu, Sariyer, TR 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Sathyamurthy
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Manauli, SAS Nagar 140306, India
| | - R Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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11
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González-Sánchez L, Yurtsever E, Wester R, Gianturco FA. Dynamics of HeHHe + Rotational State Changes Induced by Collision with He: A Possible New Path in Early Universe Chemistry. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3748-3759. [PMID: 33899485 PMCID: PMC8154607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio calculations are employed to generate the rigid rotor (RR) potential energy surface (PES) describing the interaction of the linear molecular cation HeHHe+, at its equilibrium geometry, with the neutral He atom. The resulting interaction is employed to investigate the efficiency of rotational state-changing collisions at the temperatures relevant to the early universe conditions, where the latter molecule has been postulated to exist, albeit not yet observed. The inelastic rate coefficients are found to be fairly large and are compared with those found for another important cation just recently observed in the interstellar medium: the HeH+ polar molecule. The possibility for this cation to provide new options to energy dissipation routes under early universe conditions after the recombination era is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. González-Sánchez
- Departamento de
Química Física, University
of Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos sn, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - E. Yurtsever
- Department of Chemistry, Koc University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - R. Wester
- Institut fur Ionen Physik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universitat, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F. A. Gianturco
- Institut fur Ionen Physik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universitat, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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12
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Gyawali B, de Vries EGE, Dafni U, Amaral T, Barriuso J, Bogaerts J, Calles A, Curigliano G, Gomez-Roca C, Kiesewetter B, Oosting S, Passaro A, Pentheroudakis G, Piccart M, Roitberg F, Tabernero J, Tarazona N, Trapani D, Wester R, Zarkavelis G, Zielinski C, Zygoura P, Cherny NI. Biases in study design, implementation, and data analysis that distort the appraisal of clinical benefit and ESMO-Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (ESMO-MCBS) scoring. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100117. [PMID: 33887690 PMCID: PMC8086024 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The European Society for Medical Oncology-Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (ESMO-MCBS) is a validated, widely used tool developed to score the clinical benefit from cancer medicines reported in clinical trials. ESMO-MCBS scores assume valid research methodologies and quality trial implementation. Studies incorporating flawed design, implementation, or data analysis may generate outcomes that exaggerate true benefit and are not generalisable. Failure to either indicate or penalise studies with bias undermines the intention and diminishes the integrity of ESMO-MCBS scores. This review aimed to evaluate the adequacy of the ESMO-MCBS to address bias generated by flawed design, implementation, or data analysis and identify shortcomings in need of amendment. Methods As part of a refinement of the ESMO-MCBS, we reviewed trial design, implementation, and data analysis issues that could bias the results. For each issue of concern, we reviewed the ESMO-MCBS v1.1 approach against standards derived from Helsinki guidelines for ethical human research and guidelines from the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, the Food and Drugs Administration, the European Medicines Agency, and European Network for Health Technology Assessment. Results Six design, two implementation, and two data analysis and interpretation issues were evaluated and in three, the ESMO-MCBS provided adequate protections. Seven shortcomings in the ability of the ESMO-MCBS to identify and address bias were identified. These related to (i) evaluation of the control arm, (ii) crossover issues, (iii) criteria for non-inferiority, (iv) substandard post-progression treatment, (v) post hoc subgroup findings based on biomarkers, (vi) informative censoring, and (vii) publication bias against quality-of-life data. Conclusion Interpretation of the ESMO-MCBS scores requires critical appraisal of trials to understand caveats in trial design, implementation, and data analysis that may have biased results and conclusions. These will be addressed in future iterations of the ESMO-MCBS. We reviewed trial design, implementation, and data analysis issues that could bias the results of trials. These issues could skew the results of ESMO-MCBS scores. Six design, two implementation, and two analysis issues were reviewed, and seven shortcomings were identified. These issues will be addressed in future versions of the MCBS scale. Interpretation of MCBS scores requires critical appraisal of trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gyawali
- Department of Oncology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
| | - E G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - U Dafni
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens; Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - T Amaral
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - J Barriuso
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J Bogaerts
- European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Calles
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Curigliano
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - C Gomez-Roca
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse (IUCT), Toulouse, France
| | - B Kiesewetter
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Oosting
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Passaro
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - M Piccart
- Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Roitberg
- WHO Cancer Management Consultant, Geneva, Switzerland; Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Tabernero
- Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), UVic-UCC, IO-Quiron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Tarazona
- Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, CIBERONC, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - D Trapani
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - R Wester
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Zarkavelis
- University of Ioannina-Department of Medical Oncology, Ioannina, Greece
| | - C Zielinski
- Central European Cooperative Oncology Group and Central European Cancer Center, Wiener Privatklinik, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Zygoura
- Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - N I Cherny
- Cancer Pain and Palliative Medicine Service, Department of Medical Oncology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Gianturco FA, Giri K, González-Sánchez L, Yurtsever E, Sathyamurthy N, Wester R. Energy-transfer quantum dynamics of HeH + with He atoms: Rotationally inelastic cross sections and rate coefficients. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:054311. [PMID: 33557566 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two different ab initio potential energy surfaces are employed to investigate the efficiency of the rotational excitation channels for the polar molecular ion HeH+ interacting with He atoms. We further use them to investigate the quantum dynamics of both the proton-exchange reaction and the purely rotational inelastic collisions over a broad range of temperatures. In current modeling studies, this cation is considered to be one of the possible cooling sources under early universe conditions after the recombination era and has recently been found to exist in the interstellar medium. The results from the present calculations are able to show the large efficiency of the state-changing channels involving rotational states of this cation. In fact, we find them to be similar in size and behavior to the inelastic and reaction rate coefficients obtained in previous studies, where H atoms were employed as projectiles. The same rotational excitation processes, occurring when free electrons are the collision partners of this cation, are also compared with the present findings. The relative importance of the reactive, proton-exchange channel and the purely inelastic channels is also analyzed and discussed. The rotational de-excitation processes are also investigated for the cooling kinetics of the present cation under cold trap conditions with He as the buffer gas. The implications of the present results for setting up more comprehensive numerical models to describe the chemical evolution networks in different environments are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Gianturco
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K Giri
- Department of Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151001, India
| | - L González-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos sn, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - E Yurtsever
- Department of Chemistry, Koç University, Rumelifeneriyolu, Sariyer TR, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Sathyamurthy
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar, Manauli 140306, India
| | - R Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Michaelsen
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T. Gstir
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B. Bastian
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - E. Carrascosa
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Laboratory of Molecular Physical Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Ayasli
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J. Meyer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R. Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
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We
present accurate ab initio calculations on the structural properties
of a gas-phase reaction of possible interest for Saturn’s outer
atmosphere chemistry, in which the CH2 molecule has been
detected. In the present study, that molecule is made to react with
the H– anion to form the CH– species,
one considered as a possible intermediate in ionic processes networks.
The results indicate that this reaction is markedly exothermic and
proceeds with the formation of an intermediate, which occurs via only
a shallow barrier below the reagents and progresses directly to the
product region. The corresponding rate coefficients of reactions are
also computed by making use of the variational transition state theory
modeling and found to efficiently lead to the formation of the final
anion even at the lower temperatures of interstellar medium conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Yurtsever
- Department of Chemistry, Koc University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, TR, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Satta
- CNR-ISMN and Department of Chemistry, The University of Rome Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - R Wester
- Institut für Ionen Physik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F A Gianturco
- Institut für Ionen Physik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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16
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Gianturco FA, Yurtsever E, Satta M, Wester R. Modeling Ionic Reactions at Interstellar Temperatures: The Case of NH 2- + H 2 ⇔ NH 3 + H . J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9905-9918. [PMID: 31633351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Structural features and enthalpy details are presented for the title reactions, both for the exothermic (forward) path to NH3 formation and for the endothermic (reverse) reaction to NH2- formation. Both pathways have relevance for the nitrogen chemistry in the interstellar medium (ISM). They are also helpful to document the possible role of H- in molecular clouds at temperatures well below room temperature. The structural calculations are carried out using different ab initio methods and are further employed to obtain the reaction rates down to the interstellar temperatures detected in earlier experiments. The reaction rates are obtained from the computed minimum energy path (MEP) using the variational transition-state theory (VTST) approach. The results indicate very good accord with experiment results at room temperature, while measured low temperature data down to 8 K are well described using an appropriately modified VTST approach. This is done by employing a temperature-dependent scaling, from room temperature conditions down to the lower ISM temperatures, which acknowledges the noncanonical behavior of the fast, barrierless exothermic reaction. The reasons for this behavior and the need for improving on the VTST method when used away from room temperatures are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Gianturco
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik , Universität Innsbruck , Technikerstraße 25/3 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - E Yurtsever
- Department of Chemistry , Koc University , Rumelifeneriyolu, Sariyer, TR-34450 Istanbul , Turkey
| | - M Satta
- CNR-ISMN and Department of Chemistry , The University of Rome Sapienza , P. le A. Moro 5 , 00185 Rome , Italy
| | - R Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik , Universität Innsbruck , Technikerstraße 25/3 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
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17
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Gianturco FA, González-Sánchez L, Mant BP, Wester R. Modeling state-selective photodetachment in cold ion traps: Rotational state "crowding" in small anions. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:144304. [PMID: 31615254 DOI: 10.1063/1.5123218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Using accurate ab initio calculations of the interaction forces, we employ a quantum mechanical description of the collisional state-changing processes that occur in a cold ion trap with He as a buffer gas. We generate the corresponding inelastic rates for rotational transitions involving three simple molecular anions OH-(1Σ), MgH-(1Σ), and C2H-(1Σ) colliding with the helium atoms of the trap. We show that the rotational constants of these molecular anions are such that within the low-temperature regimes of a cold ion trap (up to about 50 K), a different proportion of molecular states are significantly populated when loading helium as a buffer gas in the trap. By varying the trap operating conditions, population equilibrium at the relevant range of temperatures is reached within different time scales. In the modeling of the photodetachment experiments, we analyze the effects of varying the chosen values for photodetachment rates as well as the laser photon fluxes. Additionally, the changing of the collision dynamics under different buffer gas densities is examined and the best operating conditions, for the different anions, for yielding higher populations of specific rotational states within the ion traps are extracted. The present modeling thus illustrates possible preparation of the trap conditions for carrying out more efficiently state-selected experiments with the trapped anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Gianturco
- Institut fuer Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - L González-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Física, University of Salamanca, Plaza de los Caídos sn, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - B P Mant
- Institut fuer Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Wester
- Institut fuer Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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18
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Hechtfischer U, Levin J, Lange M, Knoll L, Schwalm D, Wester R, Wolf A, Zajfman D. Near-threshold photodissociation of cool OH + to O + H + and O + + H. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:044303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5098321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- U. Hechtfischer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J. Levin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. Lange
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L. Knoll
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D. Schwalm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R. Wester
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A. Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D. Zajfman
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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19
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González‐Sánchez L, Wester R, Gianturco F. Modeling Quantum Kinetics in Ion Traps: State-changing Collisions for OH + (3Σ- ) Ions with He as a Buffer Gas. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1866-1875. [PMID: 29689629 PMCID: PMC6099509 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We present quantum scattering calculations for rotational state-changing cross sections and rates, up to about 50 K of ion translational temperatures, for the OH+ molecular ion in collision with He atoms as the buffer gas in the trap. The results are obtained both by using the correct spin-rotation coupling of angular momenta and also within a recoupling scheme that treats the molecular target as a pseudo-(1Σ+ ) state, and then compares our findings with similar data for the OH- (1Σ+ ) molecular partner under the same conditions. This comparison intends to link the cation behaviour to the one found earlier for the molecular anion. The full calculations including the spin-rotation angular momenta coupling effects have been recently reported (L. González-Sánchez and R. Wester and F.A. Gianturco, Mol.Phys.2018, DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1442597) with the aim of extracting specific propensity rules controlling the size of the cross sections. The present study is instead directed to modelling trap cooling dynamics by further obtaining the solutions of the corresponding kinetics equations under different trap schemes so that, using the presently computed rates can allow us to indicate specific optimal conditions for the experimental setup of the collisional rotational cooling in an ion trap for the system under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. González‐Sánchez
- Departamento de Química FísicaUniversity of SalamancaPlaza de los Caídos sn37008SalamancaSpain
| | - R. Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstr. 25A-6020InnsbruckAustria
| | - F.A. Gianturco
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstr. 25A-6020InnsbruckAustria
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20
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González-Sánchez L, Wester R, Gianturco F. Rotational 'cooling' and 'heating' of OH +( 3Σ -) by collisions with He: quantum dynamics revealing propensity rules under ion trap conditions. Mol Phys 2018; 116:2686-2697. [PMID: 30246178 PMCID: PMC6136474 DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1442597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Multichannel scattering calculations are presented for the low-energy collisions of the OH+ cation and He atoms, using an ab initio evaluation of the interaction potential, which had been obtained in earlier work, and a time-independent, multichannel treatment of the quantum dynamics carried out in this study using our in-house scattering code ASPIN. Given the presence of spin-rotation coupling effects, within an essentially electrostatic formulation of the interaction forces with He atoms in the trap, the ensuing propensity rules which control the relative size of the state-changing cross sections and of the corresponding inelastic rates, also computed at the most likely temperatures in an ion trap, are presented and analysed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F.A. Gianturco
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universitaet Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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21
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Hernández Vera M, Gianturco FA, Wester R, da Silva H, Dulieu O, Schiller S. Rotationally inelastic collisions of H2+ ions with He buffer gas: Computing cross sections and rates. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:124310. [PMID: 28388146 DOI: 10.1063/1.4978475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Hernández Vera
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25/3, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F. A. Gianturco
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25/3, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R. Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25/3, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - H. da Silva
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - O. Dulieu
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - S. Schiller
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universtätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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22
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Rowlands J, Wester R, Pradhan E, Perez P, Zansky SM. Trends in Early and Late Onset Group B Streptococcus in New York State, 2000–2014. Open Forum Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofw172.1135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eva Pradhan
- New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY
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Abstract
![]()
The existence of NCO– anions in the interstellar
medium (ISM) has been suggested and searched for over the years but
without any formal definitive sighting of that molecule. We discuss
in this work the possible formation of either NCO– directly or of NCO neutral as a precursor to NCO– formation by electron attachment. We follow simple, gas-phase chemical
reactions for which the general features are obtained from accurate
quantum calculations. The results are shedding some additional light
on the likely presence of this anion in the ISM environment, drawing
further information from the specific features of the considered reactions
on the additional chemical options that exist for its formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Yurtsever
- Department of Chemistry, Koç University , Rumelifeneriyolu, Sariyer, TR-34450, Istanbul Turkey
| | - F A Gianturco
- Institut für Ionen Physik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität , Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - R Wester
- Institut für Ionen Physik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität , Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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Carrascosa E, Bawart M, Stei M, Linden F, Carelli F, Meyer J, Geppert WD, Gianturco FA, Wester R. Nucleophilic substitution with two reactive centers: The CN(-) + CH3I case. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:184309. [PMID: 26567664 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleophilic substitution reaction CN(-) + CH3I allows for two possible reactive approaches of the reactant ion onto the methyl halide, which lead to two different product isomers. Stationary point calculations predict a similar shape of the potential and a dominant collinear approach for both attacks. In addition, an H-bonded pre-reaction complex is identified as a possible intermediate structure. Submerged potential energy barriers hint at a statistical formation process of both CNCH3 and NCCH3 isomers at the experimental collision energies. Experimental angle- and energy differential cross sections show dominant direct rebound dynamics and high internal excitation of the neutral product. No distinct bimodal distributions can be extracted from the velocity images, which impedes the indication of a specific preference towards any of the product isomers. A forward scattering simulation based on the experimental parameters describes accurately the experimental outcome and shows how the possibility to discriminate between the two isomers is mainly hindered by the large product internal excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Carrascosa
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Bawart
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Stei
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - F Linden
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Carelli
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Meyer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - W D Geppert
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F A Gianturco
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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González-Sánchez L, Carelli F, Gianturco F, Wester R. Collisional state-changing of OH− rotations by interaction with Rb atoms in cold traps. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Sundmacher R, Althaus C, Wester R, Greber H. Two years experience with transscleral fixation of posterior chamber lenses. Dev Ophthalmol 2015; 22:89-93. [PMID: 1936462 DOI: 10.1159/000419908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Wakelam V, Loison JC, Herbst E, Pavone B, Bergeat A, Béroff K, Chabot M, Faure A, Galli D, Geppert WD, Gerlich D, Gratier P, Harada N, Hickson KM, Honvault P, Klippenstein SJ, Picard SDL, Nyman G, Ruaud M, Schlemmer S, Sims IR, Talbi D, Tennyson J, Wester R. THE 2014 KIDA NETWORK FOR INTERSTELLAR CHEMISTRY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Satta M, Gianturco FA, Carelli F, Wester R. A QUANTUM STUDY OF THE CHEMICAL FORMATION OF CYANO ANIONS IN INNER CORES AND DIFFUSE REGIONS OF INTERSTELLAR MOLECULAR CLOUDS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/799/2/228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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29
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Carelli F, Gianturco FA, Wester R, Satta M. Formation of cyanopolyyne anions in the interstellar medium: The possible role of permanent dipoles. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:054302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4891300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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30
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Kowalewski M, Mikosch J, Wester R, de Vivie-Riedle R. Nucleophilic Substitution Dynamics: Comparing Wave Packet Calculations with Experiment. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:4661-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp503974u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kowalewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Division
of Scientific Computing, Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, SE-75105 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J. Mikosch
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Wester
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R. de Vivie-Riedle
- Department
of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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31
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Wester R, Müller G, Völl A, Berens M, Stollenwerk J, Loosen P. Designing optical free-form surfaces for extended sources. Opt Express 2014; 22 Suppl 2:A552-A560. [PMID: 24922264 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.00a552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
LED lighting has been a strongly growing field for the last decade. The outstanding features of LED, like compactness and low operating temperature take the control of light distributions to a new level. Key for this is the development of sophisticated optical elements that distribute the light as intended. The optics design method known as tailoring relies on the point source assumption. This assumption holds as long as the optical element is large compared to the LED chip. With chip sizes of 1 mm² this is of no concern if each chip is endowed with its own optic. To increase the power of a luminaire, LED chips are arranged to form light engines that reach several cm in diameter. In order to save costs and space it is often desirable to use a single optical element for the light engine. At the same time the scale of the optics must not be increased in order to trivially keep the point source assumption valid. For such design tasks point source algorithms are of limited usefulness. New methods that take into account the extent of the light source have to be developed. We present two such extended source methods. The first method iteratively adapts the target light distribution that is fed into a points source method while the second method employs a full phase space description of the optical system.
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32
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Trippel S, Stei M, Cox JA, Wester R. Differential scattering cross-sections for the different product vibrational States in the ion-molecule reaction Ar(+)+N2. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:163201. [PMID: 23679598 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.163201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The charge transfer reaction Ar(+)+N(2)→Ar+N(2)(+) has been investigated in a crossed-beam experiment in combination with three-dimensional velocity map imaging. Angular-differential state-to-state cross sections were determined as a function of the collision energy. We found that scattering into the first excited vibrational level dominates as expected, but only for scattering in the forward direction. Higher vibrational excitations up to v'=6 have been observed for larger scattering angles. For decreasing collision energy, scattering into higher scattering angles becomes increasingly important for all kinematically allowed quantum states. Our detailed measurements indicate that a quantitative agreement between experiment and theory for this basic ion-molecule reaction now comes within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Trippel
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notke-Strasse 85, 22706 Hamburg, Germany
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33
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Otto R, Brox J, Trippel S, Stei M, Best T, Wester R. Exit Channel Dynamics in a Micro-Hydrated SN2 Reaction of the Hydroxyl Anion. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:8139-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jp401347p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Otto
- Institut für
Ionenphysik
und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J. Brox
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße
3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S. Trippel
- Center for Free-Electron Laser
Science, DESY, Notke-Straße 85, 22706
Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Stei
- Institut für
Ionenphysik
und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T. Best
- Institut für
Ionenphysik
und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R. Wester
- Institut für
Ionenphysik
und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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34
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Otto R, Brox J, Trippel S, Stei M, Best T, Wester R. Single solvent molecules can affect the dynamics of substitution reactions. Nat Chem 2012; 4:534-8. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Otto R, Xie J, Brox J, Trippel S, Stei M, Best T, Siebert MR, Hase WL, Wester R. Reaction dynamics of temperature-variable anion water clusters studied with crossed beams and by direct dynamics. Faraday Discuss 2012; 157:41-57; discussion 113-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fd20013a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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36
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Trippel S, Stei M, Eichhorn C, Otto R, Hlavenka P, Weidemüller M, Wester R. Nanosecond photofragment imaging of adiabatic molecular alignment. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:104306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3557822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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37
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Trippel S, Stei M, Otto R, Hlavenka P, Mikosch J, Eichhorn C, Lourderaj U, Zhang JX, Hase WL, Weidemüller M, Wester R. Kinematically complete chemical reaction dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/194/1/012046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Hlavenka P, Otto R, Trippel S, Mikosch J, Weidemüller M, Wester R. Absolute photodetachment cross section measurements of the O− and OH− anion. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:061105. [PMID: 19222260 DOI: 10.1063/1.3080809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Hlavenka
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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39
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Deiglmayr J, Repp M, Grochola A, Mörtlbauer K, Glück C, Dulieu O, Lange J, Wester R, Weidemüller M. Formation of ultracold dipolar molecules in the lowest vibrational levels by photoassociation. Faraday Discuss 2009; 142:335-49; discussion 429-61. [DOI: 10.1039/b818391k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Grochola A, Pashov A, Deiglmayr J, Repp M, Tiemann E, Wester R, Weidemüller M. Photoassociation spectroscopy of the B [sup 1]Π state of LiCs. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:054304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3180820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Mikosch J, Otto R, Trippel S, Eichhorn C, Weidemüller M, Wester R. Inverse temperature dependent lifetimes of transient S(N)2 ion-dipole complexes. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:10448-52. [PMID: 18821740 DOI: 10.1021/jp804655k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The association and collisional stabilization of the S(N)2 entrance channel complex [Cl(-)...CH3Cl]* is studied in a low-temperature radiofrequency ion trap. The temperature dependence of the ternary rate coefficient is measured and a much stronger inverse temperature dependence than expected from a simple statistical calculation is found. From these data the lifetime of the transient S(N)2 complex has been derived as a function of temperature. It is suggested that the inverse temperature dependent rates of nonsymmetric S(N)2 reactions are related to the observed inverse temperature dependence of the transient ion-dipole complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mikosch
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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42
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Deiglmayr J, Grochola A, Repp M, Mörtlbauer K, Glück C, Lange J, Dulieu O, Wester R, Weidemüller M. Formation of ultracold polar molecules in the rovibrational ground state. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:133004. [PMID: 18851445 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.133004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultracold LiCs molecules in the absolute ground state X1Sigma+, v'' = 0, J'' = 0 are formed via a single photoassociation step starting from laser-cooled atoms. The selective production of v'' = 0, J'' = 2 molecules with a 50-fold higher rate is also demonstrated. The rotational and vibrational state of the ground state molecules is determined in a setup combining depletion spectroscopy with resonant-enhanced multiphoton ionization time-of-flight spectroscopy. Using the determined production rate of up to 5 x 10(3) molecules/s, we describe a simple scheme which can provide large samples of externally and internally cold dipolar molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Deiglmayr
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Physikalisches Institut, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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43
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Otto R, Mikosch J, Trippel S, Weidemüller M, Wester R. Nonstandard behavior of a negative ion reaction at very low temperatures. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:063201. [PMID: 18764452 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.063201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the negative ion reaction NH2-+H_{2}-->NH_{3}+H- in the temperature range from 300 to 8 K. We observe a strongly suppressed probability for proton transfer at room temperature. With decreasing temperature, this probability increases, in accordance with a longer lifetime of an intermediate anion-neutral complex. At low temperatures, a maximum in the reaction rate coefficient is observed that suggests the presence of a very small barrier at long range or a quantum mechanical resonance feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Otto
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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44
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Salzmann W, Mullins T, Eng J, Albert M, Wester R, Weidemüller M, Merli A, Weber SM, Sauer F, Plewicki M, Weise F, Wöste L, Lindinger A. Coherent transients in the femtosecond photoassociation of ultracold molecules. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:233003. [PMID: 18643493 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.233003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the photoassociation of ultracold rubidium dimers using coherent femtosecond pulses. Starting from a cloud of ultracold rubidium atoms, electronically excited rubidium molecules are formed with shaped photoassociation pump pulses. The excited state molecules are projected with a time-delayed probe pulse onto molecular ion states which are detected in a mass spectrometer. Coherent transient oscillations of the excited state population are observed in the wings of the pump pulse, in agreement with the time-dependent solution of the Schrödinger equation of the excitation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Salzmann
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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45
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Mikosch J, Trippel S, Eichhorn C, Otto R, Lourderaj U, Zhang JX, Hase WL, Weidemuller M, Wester R. Imaging Nucleophilic Substitution Dynamics. Science 2008; 319:183-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1150238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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46
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Mikosch J, Trippel S, Otto R, Eichhorn C, Hlavenka P, Weidemüller M, Wester R. Kinematically complete reaction dynamics of slow ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/88/1/012025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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47
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Hechtfischer U, Rostas J, Lange M, Linkemann J, Schwalm D, Wester R, Wolf A, Zajfman D. Photodissociation spectroscopy of stored CH+ and CD+ ions: Analysis of the b 3Σ−-a 3Π system. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:204304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2800004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- U. Hechtfischer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - J. Rostas
- Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire, Université Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - M. Lange
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - J. Linkemann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - D. Schwalm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - R. Wester
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - A. Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69029 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - D. Zajfman
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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48
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Mikosch J, Frühling U, Trippel S, Schwalm D, Weidemüller M, Wester R. Evaporation of buffer-gas-thermalized anions out of a multipole rf ion trap. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:223001. [PMID: 17677838 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.223001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We identify plain evaporation of ions as the fundamental loss mechanism out of a multipole ion trap. Using thermalized negative Cl- ions we find that the evaporative loss rate is proportional to a Boltzmann factor. This thermodynamic description allows us to extract the effective depth of the ion trap. As a function of the rf amplitude we find two distinct regimes related to the stability of motion of the trapped ions. For low amplitudes the entire trap allows for stable motion and the trap depth increases with the rf field. For larger rf amplitudes rapid energy transfer from the field to the ion motion can occur at large trap radii, which leads to a reduction of the effective trapping volume. In this regime the trap depth decreases again with increasing rf amplitude. We give an analytical parametrization of the trap depth for various multipole traps that allows predictions of the most favorable trapping conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mikosch
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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49
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Abstract
PURPOSE Crotamiton is a topical drug used in the treatment of scabies and pruritus. We determined its percutaneous absorption following single and multiple dosing in normal skin. METHODS We used in vivo measurement of percutaneous absorption of [14C] crotamiton in a multidose regimen by measuring urinary excretion and liquid scintillation counting in three groups of four healthy volunteers. The Feldmann urinary excretion method was utilized to ascertain percutaneous absorption. Our results showed that tape stripping does not increase percutaneous absorption of crotamiton; upon repeated application.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dika
- Università degli Studi di Bologna, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica Specialistica e Sperimentale Sezione di Clinica Dermatologica, Italy.
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50
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Wolf A, Kreckel H, Lammich L, Strasser D, Mikosch J, Glosík J, Plasil R, Altevogt S, Andrianarijaona V, Buhr H, Hoffmann J, Lestinsky M, Nevo I, Novotny S, Orlov DA, Pedersen HB, Terekhov AS, Toker J, Wester R, Gerlich D, Schwalm D, Zajfman D. Effects of molecular rotation in low-energy electron collisions of H3+. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2006; 364:2981-96; discussion 2996-7. [PMID: 17015371 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2006.1881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Measurements on the energetic structure of the dissociative recombination rate coefficient in the millielectronvolt range are described for H3+ ions produced in the lowest rotational levels by collisional cooling and stored as a fast beam in the magnetic storage ring TSR (Test Storage Ring). The observed resonant structure is consistent with that found previously at the storage ring facility CRYRING in Stockholm, Sweden; theoretical predictions yield good agreement on the overall size of the rate coefficient, but do not reproduce the detailed structure. First studies on the nuclear spin symmetry influencing the lowest level populations show a small effect different from the theoretical predictions. Heating processes in the residual gas and by collisions with energetic electrons, as well as cooling owing to interaction with cold electrons, were observed in long-time storage experiments, using the low-energy dissociative recombination rate coefficient as a probe, and their consistency with the recent cold H3+ measurements is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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