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Aralappanavar VK, Mukhopadhyay R, Yu Y, Liu J, Bhatnagar A, Praveena SM, Li Y, Paller M, Adyel TM, Rinklebe J, Bolan NS, Sarkar B. Effects of microplastics on soil microorganisms and microbial functions in nutrients and carbon cycling - A review. Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171435. [PMID: 38438042 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The harmful effects of microplastics (MPs) pollution in the soil ecosystem have drawn global attention in recent years. This paper critically reviews the effects of MPs on soil microbial diversity and functions in relation to nutrients and carbon cycling. Reports suggested that both plastisphere (MP-microbe consortium) and MP-contaminated soils had distinct and lower microbial diversity than that of non-contaminated soils. Alteration in soil physicochemical properties and microbial interactions within the plastisphere facilitated the enrichment of plastic-degrading microorganisms, including those involved in carbon (C) and nutrient cycling. MPs conferred a significant increase in the relative abundance of soil nitrogen (N)-fixing and phosphorus (P)-solubilizing bacteria, while decreased the abundance of soil nitrifiers and ammonia oxidisers. Depending on soil types, MPs increased bioavailable N and P contents and nitrous oxide emission in some instances. Furthermore, MPs regulated soil microbial functional activities owing to the combined toxicity of organic and inorganic contaminants derived from MPs and contaminants frequently encountered in the soil environment. However, a thorough understanding of the interactions among soil microorganisms, MPs and other contaminants still needs to develop. Since currently available reports are mostly based on short-term laboratory experiments, field investigations are needed to assess the long-term impact of MPs (at environmentally relevant concentration) on soil microorganisms and their functions under different soil types and agro-climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Mellon College of Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh 15213, United States
| | - Yongxiang Yu
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Jingnan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Sarva Mangala Praveena
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mike Paller
- Aquatic Biology Consultants, Inc., 35 Bungalow Ct., Aiken, SC 29803, USA
| | - Tanveer M Adyel
- STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6001, Australia
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
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Dixit A, Pandey H, Rana R, Kumar A, Herojeet R, Lata R, Mukhopadhyay R, Mukherjee S, Sarkar B. Ecological and human health risk assessment of pharmaceutical compounds in the Sirsa River of Indian Himalayas. Environ Pollut 2024; 347:123668. [PMID: 38442820 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The Baddi-Barotiwala-Nalagarh (BBN) region of Indian Himalayas is one of the most important pharmaceutical industrial clusters in Asia. This study investigated the distribution, and ecological and human health risks of four most frequently used pharmaceuticals [ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR), cetirizine (CTZ) and citalopram oxalate (ECP)] when co-occurring with metal ions in the Sirsa river water of the BBN region. The concentration range of the selected pharmaceuticals was between 'not detected' to 50 μgL-1 with some exception for CIP (50-100 μgL-1) and CTZ (100-150 μgL-1) in locations directly receiving wastewater discharges. A significant correlation was found between the occurrences of NOR and Al (r2 = 0.65; p = 0.01), and CTZ and K (r2 = 0.50; p = 0.01) and Mg (r2 = 0.50; p = 0.01). A high-level ecological risk [risk quotient (RQ) > 1] was observed for algae from all the pharmaceuticals. A medium-level risk (RQ = 0.01-0.1) was observed for Daphnia from CIP, NOR and ECP, and a high-level risk from CTZ. A low-level risk was observed for fishes from CIP and NOR, whereas CTZ and ECP posed a high-level risk to fishes. The overall risk to ecological receptors was in the order: CTZ > CIP > ECP > NOR. Samples from the river locations receiving water from municipal drains or situated near landfill and pharmaceutical factories exhibited RQ > 1 for all pharmaceuticals. The average hazard quotient (HQ) values for the compounds followed the order: CTZ (0.18) > ECP (0.15) > NOR (0.001) > CIP (0.0003) for children (0-6 years); ECP (0.49) > CTZ (0.29) > NOR (0.005) > CIP (0.001) for children (7-17 years), and ECP (0.34) > CTZ (0.21) > NOR (0.007) > CIP (0.001) for adults (>17 years). The calculated risk values did not readily confirm the status of water as safe or unsafe because the values of predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) would depend on various other environmental factors such as quality of the toxicity data, and species sensitivity and distribution, which warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arohi Dixit
- School of Agriculture Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India; Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Himanshu Pandey
- School of Agriculture Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Rajiv Rana
- School of Agriculture Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- School of Agriculture Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India; School of Health Sciences, Amity University Punjab, Mohali, 140306, India
| | - Rajkumar Herojeet
- Department of Environmental Studies, Post Graduate Government College, Sector 11, Chandigarh, India
| | - Renu Lata
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Mohal-Kullu, 175126, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Mellon College of Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, 15213, United States; Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- School of Agriculture Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA14YQ, United Kingdom; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
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Jat HS, Kakraliya M, Mukhopadhyay R, Kumar S, Choudhary M, Sharma PC. Conservation agriculture works as a catalyst for sustainable sodic soil reclamation and enhances crop productivity and input use efficiency: A scientific inquiry. J Environ Manage 2024; 358:120811. [PMID: 38608572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Soil sodicity is a growing concern for crop growth and development in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Conservation agriculture (CA) provides an effective solution towards reclamation of degraded sodic lands and enhance the crop productivity. A field experiment was carried out to assess the sodic soil reclamation potential of CA based management practices including zero tillage, legume (mungbean; Mb) rotation, residue (+R) mulch, and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) for three years under rice-wheat (RW) system. The system scenarios (Sc) comprised of multiple indicators to measure their impact on soil properties as well as system productivity, profitability, water and nitrogen use efficiency. The results indicated that soil pHs under Sc5-Sc8 (CA-based SDI scenarios) was significantly (p < 0.05) lowered by 2.16, 2.16 and 1.33% compare with mean of Sc1 and Sc2 (CT-based system; 9.10, 8.29 and 8.14) at all three soil layers (0-5, 5-15 and 15-30 cm), respectively. Similarly, the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) was lowered by 2.9, 11.2 and 14.9% under CA-based scenarios with residue management compared with CT-based system (mean of Sc1 and Sc2; 15.2, 17.2 and 28.6%) during the study. The concentration of extractable anions (COЗ2‾, HCOЗ‾, Cl‾) decreased notably whereas, soil organic carbon and soil solution cations (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+) concentration were increased under CA based management SDI plots. In addition, CA with SDI scenarios (mean of Sc5-Sc8) proved to be more productive and water-efficient than CA-based flood irrigation (FI; mean of Sc3 and Sc4). Moreover, CA-based FI and SDI scenarios saved 29.5 and 60.7% irrigation water, and improved the partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) by 6.8 and 24.4%, respectively compared to CT-R (conventional tillage without residue) based Sc1. Therefore, CA practices can potentially reduce sodicity and improve soil chemical properties for profitable crop cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanuman Sahay Jat
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India; ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India.
| | - Manish Kakraliya
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India; ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India.
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India.
| | - Satyendra Kumar
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India.
| | - Madhu Choudhary
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India.
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Sundha P, Mukhopadhyay R, Basak N, Rai AK, Bedwal S, Patel S, Kumar S, Kaur H, Chandra P, Sharma PC, Saxena SK, Parihar SS, Yadav RK. Characterization of flue gas desulphurized (FGD) gypsum of a coal-fired plant and its relevant risk of associated potential toxic elements in sodic soil reclamation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19787. [PMID: 37957182 PMCID: PMC10643664 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45706-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal Power Plant generates FGD gypsum as by-product during coal combustion. This study evaluates the characterization (spectroscopic and elemental), potentially toxic elements (PTEs) distribution, and environmental risk assessment of FGD gypsum for safe and sustainable use in agriculture. The XRD and SEM analysis confirmed the dominance of crystalline CaSO4·2H2O in FGD gypsum. The order of concentrations of PTEs in FGD gypsum was Fe > Al > Mn > Zn > Ni > Co. The residual fraction was the dominant pool, sharing 80-90% of the total PTEs. The heavy metals (HMs) were below the toxic range in the leachates. The Co, Ni, Al, Fe Mn, Zn had low (< 10%) risk assessment code and the ecotoxicity was in the range of 0.0-7.46%. The contamination factor was also low (0.0-0.16) at the normal recommended doses of FGD gypsum application for sodicity reclamation. The enrichment factor was in the order of Al < Mn < Co < Zn < Ni. Mn [enrichment factor (Ef) 1.2-2.0] and Co (Ef 1.7-2.8) showed negligible enrichment of metals, whereas Ni (Ef 4.3-5.2) and Zn (Ef 4.5-5.6) reported moderate accumulation in soil. The application of FGD gypsum @ 10 t ha-1 for sodicity reclamation will develop a geo-accumulation index below the critical values indicating its safe and sustainable use to achieve land degradation neutrality (LDN) and UN's Sustainable Development Goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Sundha
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
| | - Nirmalendu Basak
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India.
| | - Arvind Kumar Rai
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India.
| | - Sandeep Bedwal
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
| | - Subedar Patel
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
| | - Harshpreet Kaur
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
| | - Priyanka Chandra
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India.
| | | | - Sanjeev Kumar Saxena
- National Thermal Power Corporation, Vindhyachal, Singrauli, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Srinivasan H, Sharma VK, Sakai VG, Mukhopadhyay R, Mitra S. Noncanonical Relationship between Heterogeneity and the Stokes-Einstein Breakdown in Deep Eutectic Solvents. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9766-9773. [PMID: 37882461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between Stokes-Einstein breakdown (SEB) and dynamical heterogeneity (DH) is of paramount importance in the physical chemistry of complex fluids. In this work, we employ neutron scattering to probe the DH and SEB in a series of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) composed of acetamide and lithium salts. Quasielastic neutron scattering experiments reveal SEB in the jump diffusion of acetamide, represented by a fractional Stokes-Einstein relationship. Among these DESs, lithium perchlorate exhibits the most pronounced SEB while lithium bromide displays the weakest. Concurrently, elastic incoherent neutron scans identify that bromide DES is the most heterogeneous and perchlorate is the least. For the first time, our study unveils a counterintuitive incommensurate relationship between DH and SEB. Further, it reveals the intricate contrasting nature of the SEB-DH relationship when investigated in proximity to the glass-transition temperature and further away from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V García Sakai
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Mukhopadhyay R, Fagodiya RK, Narjary B, Barman A, Prajapat K, Kumar S, Bundela DS, Sharma PC. Restoring soil quality and carbon sequestration potential of waterlogged saline land using subsurface drainage technology to achieve land degradation neutrality in India. Sci Total Environ 2023; 885:163959. [PMID: 37146830 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Subsurface drainage (SSD) has been proved to be an effective technology to reclaim waterlogged saline soils. Three SSD projects were implemented in Haryana, India in 2009, 2012 and 2016 to study the long term effect of SSD (10, 7 and 3 years) operation on restoring productivity and carbon sequestration potential of degraded waterlogged saline soils under prevalent rice-wheat cropping system. These studies indicated that successful operation of SSD improved soil quality parameters such as bulk density, BD (from 1.58 to 1.52 Mg m-3), saturated hydraulic conductivity, SHC (from 3.19 to 5.07 cm day-1); electrical conductivity, ECe (from 9.72 to 2.18 dS m-1), soil organic carbon, OC (from 0.22 to 0.34 %), dehydrogenase activity, DHA (from 15.44 to 31.65 μg g-1 24 h-1), and alkaline phosphatase, ALPA (from 16.66 to 40.11 μg P-NP g-1 h-1) in upper soil surface (0-30 cm). The improved soil quality resulted in increased rice-wheat system yield (rice equivalent yield) by 328 %, 465 % and 665 % at Kahni, Siwana Mal and Jagsi sites, respectively. Studies also revealed that carbon sequestration potential of degraded land increased with the implementation of SSD projects. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that % OC, ECe, ALPA, available N and K content were the most contributing factor for soil quality index (SQI). The overall result of the studies showed that SSD technology holds great potential to improve soil quality, increase crop productivity, farmers' income and ensure land degradation neutrality and food security in waterlogged saline areas of western Indo Gangetic Plain of India. Hence, it can be concluded that large scale adoption of SSD may fulfill the promise "No poverty, Zero hunger, and Life on land" sustainable development goals of United Nation in degraded waterlogged saline areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Mukhopadhyay
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India.
| | | | - Bhaskar Narjary
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Arijit Barman
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India; ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning Regional Centre, Jorhat 785004, India
| | - Kailash Prajapat
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Satyendra Kumar
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
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Chang PH, Mukhopadhyay R, Zhong B, Yang QY, Zhou S, Tzou YM, Sarkar B. Synthesis and characterization of PCN-222 metal organic framework and its application for removing perfluorooctane sulfonate from water. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 636:459-469. [PMID: 36641821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Poly- and perfluoro alkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of man-made, notoriously persistent, and highly toxic contaminants in the environment reported worldwide. Many adsorbents including granular activated carbon, graphene, biochar, zeolites, and clay minerals have been tested for PFAS removal from water, but most of these materials suffer from high cost and/or poor removal performance. Here, we synthesized, characterized, and examined the efficiency of PCN-222(Fe), a new porous metal organic framework (MOF) with high water stability, for adsorptive removal of a frequently occurring PFAS, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), from water. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies revealed high PFOS adsorption capacity of PCN-222 (2257 mg/g), with rapid PFOS removal rate (within 30 min). The structure of PCN-222 was unaffected in water in the pH range of 2-10 but disintegrated and lost its PFOS removal ability at pH > 10. The PFOS adsorption on PCN-222 was an endothermic reaction. Electrostatic attraction was a dominant mechanism for PFOS adsorption at < 1694 mg/g PFOS concentration, while hydrophobic interaction accompanied with hydrogen-bonding was responsible at ≥ 1694 mg/g PFOS concentration. The interlayer morphology of PCN-222 did not change due to increasing PFOS loading. The findings of this study demonstrated superior features of PCN-222 over other conventional adsorbents for its potential application in removing PFOS from contaminated water to reduce PFOS transfer from water to living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsiang Chang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Bo Zhong
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co. Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Yu-Min Tzou
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
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Chakraborty R, Mukhopadhyay A, Paul S, Sarkar S, Mukhopadhyay R. Nanocomposite-based smart fertilizers: A boon to agricultural and environmental sustainability. Sci Total Environ 2023; 863:160859. [PMID: 36526196 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fertilizers are indispensable agri-inputs to accomplish the growing food demand. The injudicious use of conventional fertilizer products has resulted in several environmental and human health complications. To mitigate these problems, nanocomposite-based fertilizers are viable alternative options. Nanocomposites, a novel class of materials having improved mechanical strength, barrier properties, and mechanical and thermal stability, are suitable candidates to develop eco-friendly slow/controlled release fertilizer formulations. In this review, the use of different nanocomposite materials developed for nutrient management in agriculture has been summarized with a major focus on their synthesis and characterization techniques, and application aspects in plant nutrition, along with addressing constraints and future opportunities of this domain. Further detailed studies on nanocomposite-based fertilizers are required to evaluate the cost-effective synthesis methods, in-depth field efficacy, environmental fate, stability, etc. before commercialization in the field of agriculture. The present review is expected to help the policy makers and all the stakeholders in the large-scale commercialization and application of nanocomposite-based smart fertilizer products with greater societal acceptance and environmental sustainability in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranabir Chakraborty
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Arkadeb Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Subhadip Paul
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Subhasis Sarkar
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
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Chang PH, Mukhopadhyay R, Chen CY, Sarkar B, Li J, Tzou YM. A mechanistic insight into the shrinkage and swelling of Ca-montmorillonite upon adsorption of chain-like ranitidine in an aqueous system. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 633:979-991. [PMID: 36509040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption behavior of ranitidine hydrochloride (RT) on a Ca-montmorillonite (SAz-1) was studied in aqueous system through batch experiments. The adsorption kinetics revealed that the equilibrium reached within 0.25 h and the data fitted well to the pseudo-second order kinetic equation (R2 = 0.98). The maximum RT adsorption capacity of SAz-1 was 369.2 mg/g and the adsorption isotherm data followed the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.99). The adsorption of RT and desorption of exchangeable cations from the clay mineral were linearly correlated, suggesting that cation exchange was the dominant mechanism of RT adsorption. The XRD examination of RT-adsorbed SAz-1 samples (unsaturated/saturated) after heating enabled the calculation of RT occupied area in the interlayer of the clay mineral. The results suggested that adsorbed-RT at low loading rate could lay on the internal surfaces in a free style to reduce the basal spacing (d001 value) of SAz-1. When the RT loading rate was increased, a limited surface space enforced more RT molecules to lay in a tilted style and caused interlayer swelling of SAz-1 increasing the d001 value. The trend of rising decomposition temperature of RT with increasing RT loading rates confirmed intercalation of RT molecules in SAz-1. Infrared spectral analysis revealed the participation of amide and furan groups of RT in binding between RT and SAz-1. Thus, this study indicated that SAz-1 is an efficient adsorbent to remove RT from contaminated water, and the chain-like molecular structure of RT could cause an irregular change in the basal spacing of swelling type clay minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsiang Chang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal - 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Chien-Yen Chen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Jiwei Li
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Yu-Min Tzou
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan; Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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Palansooriya KN, Yoon IH, Kim SM, Wang CH, Kwon H, Lee SH, Igalavithana AD, Mukhopadhyay R, Sarkar B, Ok YS. Designer biochar with enhanced functionality for efficient removal of radioactive cesium and strontium from water. Environ Res 2022; 214:114072. [PMID: 35987372 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Radioactive elements released into the environment by accidental discharge constitute serious health hazards to humans and other organisms. In this study, three gasified biochars prepared from feedstock mixtures of wood, chicken manure, and food waste, and a KOH-activated biochar (40% food waste + 60% wood biochar (WFWK)) were used to remove cesium (Cs+) and strontium (Sr2+) ions from water. The physicochemical properties of the biochars before and after adsorbing Cs+ and Sr2+ were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, extended X-Ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The WFWK exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for Cs+ (62.7 mg/g) and Sr2+ (43.0 mg/g) among the biochars tested herein. The removal of radioactive 137Cs and 90Sr exceeded 80% and 47%, respectively, in the presence of competing ions like Na+ and Ca2+. The functional groups present in biochar, including -OH, -NH2, and -COOH, facilitated the adsorption of Cs+ and Sr2+. The Cs K-edge EXAFS spectra revealed that a single coordination shell was assigned to the Cs-O bonding at 3.11 Å, corresponding to an outer-sphere complex formed between Cs and the biochar. The designer biochar WFWK may be used as an effective adsorbent to treat radioactive 137Cs- and 90Sr-contaminated water generated during the operation of nuclear power plants and/or unintentional release, owing to the enrichment effect of the functional groups in biochar via alkaline activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - In-Ho Yoon
- Decontamination Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Man Kim
- Decontamination Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hwa Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Hyeonjin Kwon
- Decontamination Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Disposal Performance Demonstration Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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11
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Chang PH, Chen CY, Mukhopadhyay R, Chen W, Tzou YM, Sarkar B. Novel MOF-808 metal–organic framework as highly efficient adsorbent of perfluorooctane sulfonate in water. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 623:627-636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Chang PH, Mukhopadhyay R. Nano Minerals Applications in Pollutants Removal: A New Open Special Issue in Materials. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6704. [PMID: 36234044 PMCID: PMC9573423 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
'Nano Minerals Applications in Pollutants Removal: A New Open Special Issue in Materials', aims to publish high-quality research and review articles on the basic and applied science of clay mineralogy and make great contributions to the understanding of applied mineralogy in removing pollutants from aqueous and soil environments [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsiang Chang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Resaerch Institute, Karnal 132001, India
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13
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Mukherjee S, Sarkar B, Aralappanavar VK, Mukhopadhyay R, Basak BB, Srivastava P, Marchut-Mikołajczyk O, Bhatnagar A, Semple KT, Bolan N. Biochar-microorganism interactions for organic pollutant remediation: Challenges and perspectives. Environ Pollut 2022; 308:119609. [PMID: 35700879 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous harmful chemicals are introduced every year in the environment through anthropogenic and geological activities raising global concerns of their ecotoxicological effects and decontamination strategies. Biochar technology has been recognized as an important pillar for recycling of biomass, contributing to the carbon capture and bioenergy industries, and remediation of contaminated soil, sediments and water. This paper aims to critically review the application potential of biochar with a special focus on the synergistic and antagonistic effects on contaminant-degrading microorganisms in single and mixed-contaminated systems. Owing to the high specific surface area, porous structure, and compatible surface chemistry, biochar can support the proliferation and activity of contaminant-degrading microorganisms. A combination of biochar and microorganisms to remove a variety of contaminants has gained popularity in recent years alongside traditional chemical and physical remediation technologies. The microbial compatibility of biochar can be improved by optimizing the surface parameters so that toxic pollutant release is minimized, biofilm formation is encouraged, and microbial populations are enhanced. Biocompatible biochar thus shows potential in the bioremediation of organic contaminants by harboring microbial populations, releasing contaminant-degrading enzymes, and protecting beneficial microorganisms from immediate toxicity of surrounding contaminants. This review recommends that biochar-microorganism co-deployment holds a great potential for the removal of contaminants thereby reducing the risk of organic contaminants to human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Mukherjee
- School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - B B Basak
- ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Anand 387310, India
| | | | - Olga Marchut-Mikołajczyk
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Ul. Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537, Łódź, Poland
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, Mikkeli, FI-50130, Finland
| | - Kirk T Semple
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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14
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Sarkar B, Dissanayake PD, Bolan NS, Dar JY, Kumar M, Haque MN, Mukhopadhyay R, Ramanayaka S, Biswas JK, Tsang DCW, Rinklebe J, Ok YS. Challenges and opportunities in sustainable management of microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment. Environ Res 2022; 207:112179. [PMID: 34624271 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems has raised concerns because of their adverse effects on ecosystem functions and human health. Plastic waste management has become a universal problem in recent years. Hence, sustainable plastic waste management techniques are vital for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Although many reviews have focused on the occurrence and impact of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), there has been limited focus on the management of MNPs. This review first summarizes the ecotoxicological impacts of plastic waste sources and issues related to the sustainable management of MNPs in the environment. This paper then critically evaluates possible approaches for incorporating plastics into the circular economy in order to cope with the problem of plastics. Pollution associated with MNPs can be tackled through source reduction, incorporation of plastics into the circular economy, and suitable waste management. Appropriate infrastructure development, waste valorization, and economically sound plastic waste management techniques and viable alternatives are essential for reducing MNPs in the environment. Policymakers must pay more attention to this critical issue and implement appropriate environmental regulations to achieve environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Pavani Dulanja Dissanayake
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; Soils and Plant Nutrition Division, Coconut Research Institute, Lunuwila 61150, Sri Lanka
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6001, Australia; College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Jaffer Yousuf Dar
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Md Niamul Haque
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences & Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Sammani Ramanayaka
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies & International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Bolan N, Sarkar B, Vithanage M, Singh G, Tsang DCW, Mukhopadhyay R, Ramadass K, Vinu A, Sun Y, Ramanayaka S, Hoang SA, Yan Y, Li Y, Rinklebe J, Li H, Kirkham MB. Distribution, behaviour, bioavailability and remediation of poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in solid biowastes and biowaste-treated soil. Environ Int 2021; 155:106600. [PMID: 33964642 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous film-forming foam, used in firefighting, and biowastes, including biosolids, animal and poultry manures, and composts, provide a major source of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) input to soil. Large amounts of biowastes are added to soil as a source of nutrients and carbon. They also are added as soil amendments to improve soil health and crop productivity. Plant uptake of PFAS through soil application of biowastes is a pathway for animal and human exposure to PFAS. The complexity of PFAS mixtures, and their chemical and thermal stability, make remediation of PFAS in both solid and aqueous matrices challenging. Remediation of PFAS in biowastes, as well as soils treated with these biowastes, can be achieved through preventing and decreasing the concentration of PFAS in biowaste sources (i.e., prevention through source control), mobilization of PFAS in contaminated soil and subsequent removal through leaching (i.e., soil washing) and plant uptake (i.e., phytoremediation), sorption of PFAS, thereby decreasing their mobility and bioavailability (i.e., immobilization), and complete removal through thermal and chemical oxidation (i.e., destruction). In this review, the distribution, bioavailability, and remediation of PFAS in soil receiving solid biowastes, which include biosolids, composts, and manure, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanthi Bolan
- The Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia, The Cooperative Centre for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- The Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; The Cooperative Centre for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Kavitha Ramadass
- The Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; The Cooperative Centre for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- The Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; The Cooperative Centre for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Sammani Ramanayaka
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom; Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Son A Hoang
- The Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia, The Cooperative Centre for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Yubo Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, Faculty of Architecture und Civil Engineering, Institute of Soil Engineering, Waste- and Water Science, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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16
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Rusmin R, Sarkar B, Mukhopadhyay R, Tsuzuki T, Liu Y, Naidu R. Facile one pot preparation of magnetic chitosan-palygorskite nanocomposite for efficient removal of lead from water. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:575-587. [PMID: 34628317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Development of polymeric magnetic adsorbents is a promising approach to obtain efficient treatment of contaminated water. However, the synthesis of magnetic composites involving multiple components frequently involves tedious preparation steps. In the present study, a magnetic chitosan-palygorskite (MCP) nanocomposite was prepared through a straight-forward one pot synthesis approach to evaluate its lead (Pb2+) removal capacity from aqueous solution. The nano-architectural and physicochemical properties of the newly-developed MCP composite were described via micro- and nano-morphological analyses, and crystallinity, surface porosity and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The MCP nanocomposite was capable to remove up to 58.5 mg Pb2+ g-1 of MCP from water with a good agreement of experimental data to the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.98). The Pb2+ adsorption process on MCP was a multistep diffusion-controlled phenomenon evidenced by the well-fitting of kinetic adsorption data to the intra-particle diffusion model (R2 = 0.96). Thermodynamic analysis suggested that the adsorption process at low Pb2+ concentration was controlled by chemisorption, whereas that at high Pb2+ concentration was dominated by physical adsorption. X-ray photoelectron and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results suggested that the Pb adsorption on MCP was governed by surface complexation and chemical reduction mechanisms. During regeneration, the MCP retained 82% Pb2+ adsorption capacity following four adsorption-desorption cycles with ease to recover the adsorbent using its strong magnetic property. These findings highlight the enhanced structural properties of the easily-prepared nanocomposite which holds outstanding potential to be used as an inexpensive and green adsorbent for remediating Pb2+ contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhaida Rusmin
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Negeri Sembilan Branch, Kuala Pilah Campus, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan 72000, Malaysia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Takuya Tsuzuki
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yanju Liu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, ATC Building, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, ATC Building, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Palansooriya KN, Kim S, Igalavithana AD, Hashimoto Y, Choi YE, Mukhopadhyay R, Sarkar B, Ok YS. Fe(III) loaded chitosan-biochar composite fibers for the removal of phosphate from water. J Hazard Mater 2021; 415:125464. [PMID: 33730647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Excess phosphorous (P) in aquatic systems causes adverse environmental impacts including eutrophication. This study fabricated Fe(III) loaded chitosan-biochar composite fibers (FBC-N and FBC-C) from paper mill sludge biochar produced under N2 (BC-N) and CO2 (BC-C) conditions at 600 °C for adsorptive removal of phosphate from water. Investigations using SEM/EDX, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and specific surface area measurement revealed the morphological and physico-chemical characteristics of the adsorbent. The Freundlich isotherm model well described the phosphate adsorption on BC-N, while the Redlich-Peterson model best fitted the data of three other adsorbents. The maximum adsorption capacities were 9.63, 8.56, 16.43, and 19.24 mg P g-1 for BC-N, BC-C, FBC-N, and FBC-C, respectively, indicating better adsorption by Fe(III) loaded chitosan-biochar composite fibers (FBCs) than pristine biochars. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model suitably explained the phosphate adsorption on BC-C and BC-N, while data of FBC-N and FBC-C followed the pseudo-second-order and Elovich model, respectively. Molecular level observations of the P K-edge XANES spectra confirmed that phosphate associated with iron (Fe) minerals (Fe-P) were the primary species in all the adsorbents. This study suggests that FBCs hold high potential as inexpensive and green adsorbents for remediating phosphate in contaminated water, and encourage resource recovery via bio-based management of hazardous waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sok Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, 20400, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Yohey Hashimoto
- Department of Bioapplications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yoon-E Choi
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Sarkar B, Mukhopadhyay R, Ramanayaka S, Bolan N, Ok YS. The role of soils in the disposition, sequestration and decontamination of environmental contaminants. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200177. [PMID: 34365830 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil serves as both a 'source' and 'sink' for contaminants. As a source, contaminants are derived from both 'geogenic' and 'anthropogenic' origins. Typically, while some of the inorganic contaminants including potentially toxic elements are derived from geogenic origin (e.g. arsenic and selenium) through weathering of parent materials, the majority of organic (e.g. pesticides and microplastics) as well as inorganic (e.g. lead, cadmium) contaminants are derived from anthropogenic origin. As a sink, soil plays a critical role in the transformation of these contaminants and their subsequent transfer to environmental compartments, including groundwater (e.g. pesticides), surface water (phosphate and nitrate), ocean (e.g. microplastics) and atmosphere (e.g. nitrous oxide emission). A complex transformation process of contaminants in soil involving adsorption, precipitation, redox reactions and biodegradation control the mobility, bioavailability and environmental toxicity of these contaminants. Soil also plays a major role in the decontamination of contaminants, and the 'cleaning' action of soil is controlled primarily by the physico-chemical interactions of contaminants with various soil components, and the biochemical transformations facilitated by soil microorganisms. In this article, we examine the geogenic and anthropogenic sources of contaminants reaching the soil, and discuss the role of soil in the sequestration and decontamination of contaminants in relation to various physico-chemical and microbial transformation reactions of contaminants with various soil components. Finally, we propose future actions that would help to maintain the role of soils in protecting the environment from contaminants and delivering sustainable development goals. This article is part of the theme issue 'The role of soils in delivering Nature's Contributions to People'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Sammani Ramanayaka
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.,Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.,School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6001, Australia.,The UWA Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6001, Australia
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Centre, Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU) Sustainable Waste Management Program Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Sharma V, Srinivasan H, Mukhopadhyay R, Sakai VG, Mitra S. Microscopic insights on the structural and dynamical aspects of Imidazolium-based surface active ionic liquid micelles. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mitra S, Sharma VK, Mukhopadhyay R. Diffusion of confined fluids in microporous zeolites and clay materials. Rep Prog Phys 2021; 84:066501. [PMID: 33740783 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/abf085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluids exhibit remarkable variation in their structural and dynamic properties when they are confined at the nanoscopic scale. Various factors, including geometric restriction, the size and shape of the guest molecules, the topology of the host, and guest-host interactions, are responsible for the alterations in these properties. Due to their porous structures, aluminosilicates provide a suitable host system for studying the diffusion of sorbates in confinement. Zeolites and clays are two classes of the aluminosilicate family, comprising very ordered porous or layered structures. Zeolitic materials are important due to their high catalytic activity and molecular sieving properties. Guest molecules adsorbed by zeolites display many interesting features including unidimensional diffusion, non-isotropic rotation, preferred orientation and levitation effects, depending on the guest and host characteristics. These are useful for the separation of hydrocarbons which commonly exist as mixtures in nature. Similarly, clay materials have found application in catalysis, desalination, enhanced oil recovery, and isolation barriers used in radioactive waste disposal. It has been shown that the bonding interactions, level of hydration, interlayer spacing, and number of charge-balancing cations are the important factors that determine the nature of diffusion of water molecules in clays. Here, we present a review of the current status of the diffusion mechanisms of various adsorbed species in different microporous zeolites and clays, as investigated using quasielastic neutron scattering and classical molecular dynamics simulation techniques. It is impossible to write an exhaustive review of the subject matter, as it has been explored over several decades and involves many research topics. However, an effort is made to cover the relevant issues specific to the dynamics of different molecules in microporous zeolites and clay materials and to highlight a variety of interesting features that are important for both practical applications and fundamental aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Chang PH, Liu P, Sarkar B, Mukhopadhyay R, Yang QY, Tzou YM, Zhong B, Li X, Owens G. Unravelling the mechanism of amitriptyline removal from water by natural montmorillonite through batch adsorption, molecular simulation and adsorbent characterization studies. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 598:379-387. [PMID: 33915416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Amitriptyline (AMI) is one of the most common tricyclic antidepressant personal care medications. Due to its environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, release of AMI into the environment via wastewater streams in elevated levels could lead to significant ecological and human health impacts. In this study, the adsorption of AMI by montmorillonite (SWy-2), a naturally abundant smectite clay with sodium ions as the main interlayer cations, was investigated. Maximum AMI adsorption (276 mg/g) occurred at pH 7-8. After adsorption, examination of the adsorbent's X-ray diffraction pattern indicated that interlayer expansion had occurred, where chemical stoichiometry confirmed cation exchange as the principal adsorption mechanism. AMI adsorption reached equilibrium within 4 h, with kinetic data best fitting the pseudo-second order kinetic model (R2 = 0.98). AMI adsorption was unaffected by solution pH in the range 2-11, where adsorption was endothermic, and molecular simulations substantiated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric investigations indicated that the orientation of AMI molecules in the interlayer was via an amine group and a benzene ring. Overall this research shows that SWy-2 has significant potential as a low cost, effective, and geologically derived natural material for AMI removal in wastewater systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsiang Chang
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Qing-Yuan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China.
| | - Yu-Min Tzou
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Bo Zhong
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Xuxiang Li
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Gary Owens
- Environmental Contaminants Group, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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Mukhopadhyay R, Sarkar B, Jat HS, Sharma PC, Bolan NS. Soil salinity under climate change: Challenges for sustainable agriculture and food security. J Environ Manage 2021; 280:111736. [PMID: 33298389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major and widespread challenges in the recent era that hinders global food security and environmental sustainability. Worsening the situation, the harmful impacts of climate change accelerate the development of soil salinity, potentially spreading the problem in the near future to currently unaffected regions. This paper aims to synthesise information from published literature about the extent, development mechanisms, and current mitigation strategies for tackling soil salinity, highlighting the opportunities and challenges under climate change situations. Mitigation approaches such as application of amendments, cultivation of tolerant genotypes, suitable irrigation, drainage and land use strategies, conservation agriculture, phytoremediation, and bioremediation techniques have successfully tackled the soil salinity issue, and offered associated benefits of soil carbon sequestration, and conservation and recycling of natural resources. These management practices further improve the socio-economic conditions of the rural farming community in salt-affected areas. We also discuss emerging reclamation strategies such as saline aquaculture integrated with sub surface drainage, tolerant microorganisms integrated with tolerant plant genotypes, integrated agro-farming systems that warrant future research attention to restore the agricultural sustainability and global food security under climate change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Mukhopadhyay
- ICAR- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hanuman Sahay Jat
- ICAR- Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | | | - Nanthi S Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Sharma VK, Ghosh SK, García Sakai V, Mukhopadhyay R. Enhanced Microscopic Dynamics of a Liver Lipid Membrane in the Presence of an Ionic Liquid. Front Chem 2020; 8:577508. [PMID: 33330366 PMCID: PMC7710540 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.577508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are an important class of emerging compounds, owing to their widespread industrial applications in high-performance lubricants for food and cellulose processing, despite their toxicity to living organisms. It is believed that this toxicity is related to their actions on the cellular membrane. Hence, it is vital to understand the interaction of ILs with cell membranes. Here, we report on the effects of an imidazolium-based IL, 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (DMIM[BF4]), on the microscopic dynamics of a membrane formed by liver extract lipid, using quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS). The presence of significant quasielastic broadening indicates that stochastic molecular motions of the lipids are active in the system. Two distinct molecular motions, (i) lateral motion of the lipid within the membrane leaflet and (ii) localized internal motions of the lipid, are found to contribute to the QENS broadening. While the lateral motion could be described assuming continuous diffusion, the internal motion is explained on the basis of localized translational diffusion. Incorporation of the IL into the liver lipid membrane is found to enhance the membrane dynamics by accelerating both lateral and internal motions of the lipids. This indicates that the IL induces disorder in the membrane and enhances the fluidity of lipids. This could be explained on the basis of its location in the lipid membrane. Results are compared with various other additives and we provide an indication of a possible correlation between the effects of guest molecules on the dynamics of the membrane and its location within the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerendra K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sajal K Ghosh
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Victoria García Sakai
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Abstract
It is known that the organic units in hybrid halide perovskites are free to rotate, but it is not clear if this freedom is of any relevance to the structure-property relationship of these compounds. We have employed quasi-elastic neutron scattering using two different spectrometers, thus providing a wide dynamic range to investigate the cation dynamics in methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) and formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr3) over a large temperature range covering all known crystallographic phases of these two compounds. Our results establish a plastic crystal-like phase forming above 30 K within the orthorhombic phase of MAPbBr3 related to 3-fold rotations of MA units around the C-N axis with an activation energy, Ea, of ∼27 meV, which has no counterpart in the FA compound. MA exhibits an additional 4-fold orientational motion of the whole molecule via rotation of the C-N axis itself with an Ea of ∼68 meV common for the high-temperature tetragonal and cubic phases. In contrast, the FA compound exhibits only an isotropic orientational motion of the whole FA unit with Ea ≈ 106 meV within the orthorhombic phase and a substantially reduced common Ea of ∼62 meV for the high-temperature tetragonal and cubic phases. Our results suggest that the rotational dynamics of the organic units, crystallographic phases, and physical properties of these compounds are intimately connected.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - A Mohanty
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - M Tyagi
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - J P Embs
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D D Sarma
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - S. Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Mukhopadhyay R, Bhaduri D, Sarkar B, Rusmin R, Hou D, Khanam R, Sarkar S, Kumar Biswas J, Vithanage M, Bhatnagar A, Ok YS. Clay-polymer nanocomposites: Progress and challenges for use in sustainable water treatment. J Hazard Mater 2020; 383:121125. [PMID: 31541959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Contaminant removal from water involves various technologies among which adsorption is considered to be simple, effective, economical, and sustainable. In recent years, nanocomposites prepared by combining clay minerals and polymers have emerged as a novel technology for cleaning contaminated water. Here, we provide an overview of various types of clay-polymer nanocomposites focusing on their synthesis processes, characteristics, and possible applications in water treatment. By evaluating various mechanisms and factors involved in the decontamination processes, we demonstrate that the nanocomposites can overcome the limitations of individual polymer and clay components such as poor specificity, pH dependence, particle size sensitivity, and low water wettability. We also discuss different regeneration and wastewater treatment options (e.g., membrane, coagulant, and barrier/columns) using clay-polymer nanocomposites. Finally, we provide an economic analysis of the use of these adsorbents and suggest future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | | | - Binoy Sarkar
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Ruhaida Rusmin
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Negeri Sembilan Branch, Kuala Pilah Campus, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rubina Khanam
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Subhas Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering, Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Centre & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Srinivasan H, Sharma VK, Sakai VG, Embs JP, Mukhopadhyay R, Mitra S. Transport Mechanism of Acetamide in Deep Eutectic Solvents. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1509-1520. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V. García Sakai
- ISIS Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, OX11 0QX Didcot, U.K
| | - Jan P. Embs
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Swizerland
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - S. Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Mukhopadhyay R, Manjaiah KM, Datta SC, Sarkar B. Comparison of properties and aquatic arsenic removal potentials of organically modified smectite adsorbents. J Hazard Mater 2019; 377:124-131. [PMID: 31158581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) poses a tremendous threat to human health due to exposure through arsenic-contaminated drinking water and/or food. We aimed to develop organically modified clay adsorbents for the removal of As from aqueous solution. We modified a smectite sample using three organic agents, namely hexadecyl trimethylammonium (HDTMA), chitosan and citric acid, and characterized the products using X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The characterization techniques suggested successful organic modifications of the smectite sample. The surfactant-modified smectite was the most efficient (66.9%) As removing adsorbent with a maximum adsorption capacity of 473.2 μg g-1. Kinetic study showed that the adsorbents reached As adsorption equilibrium within 3 h, and the data fitted reasonably well to power function and simple Elovich equations (R2 > 0.89). The adsorption data were explained well by the Freundlich and Sips isothermal models. The surfactant-modified and chitosan-grafted organoclays adsorbed As by electrostatic attraction and anion exchange, whereas the citric acid activated smectite followed ligand exchange and simple anion exchange mechanisms. This study thus demonstrated the potential of surfactant-modified clays in removing As from contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - K M Manjaiah
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - S C Datta
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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Mukhopadhyay R, Adhikari T, Sarkar B, Barman A, Paul R, Patra AK, Sharma PC, Kumar P. Fe-exchanged nano-bentonite outperforms Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles in removing nitrate and bicarbonate from wastewater. J Hazard Mater 2019; 376:141-152. [PMID: 31128393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) are harmful for the water quality and can potentially create negative impacts to aquatic organisms, crops and humans. This study deals with the removal of NO3- and HCO3- from contaminated wastewater using Fe-exchanged nano-bentonite and Fe3O4 nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, surface area measurement and particle size analysis revealed that the adsorbents fall under the nano-scale size range with high specific surface area, and Fe was successfully exchanged in the nano-bentonite clay. The kinetics of adsorption was well defined by pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models for both NO3- and HCO3-. The Fe-exchanged nano-bentonite was a better performing adsorbent of the oxyanions than Fe3O4 nanoparticles. According to the Sips isothermal model, the Fe-exchanged nano-bentonite exhibited the highest NO3- and HCO3- adsorption potential of 64.76 mg g-1 and 9.73 meq g-1, respectively, while the respective values for Fe3O4 nanoparticles were 49.90 mg g-1 and 3.07 meq g-1. Thus, inexpensiveness and easy preparation process of Fe-exchanged nano-bentonite make it attractive for NO3- and HCO3- removal from contaminated wastewater with significant environmental and economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Mukhopadhyay
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Tapan Adhikari
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal 462038, India
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Arijit Barman
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Ranjan Paul
- Division of Soil Resource Studies, ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur 440033, India
| | - Ashok K Patra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal 462038, India
| | - Parbodh C Sharma
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
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Singh P, Mukherjee D, Singha S, Sharma VK, Althagafi II, Ahmed SA, Mukhopadhyay R, Das R, Pal SK. Probing relaxation dynamics of a cationic lipid based non-viral carrier: a time-resolved fluorescence study. RSC Adv 2019; 9:35549-35558. [PMID: 35528090 PMCID: PMC9074709 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06824d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid vesicles composed of cationic dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) and neutral 1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol (MO) are promising non-viral carriers of nucleic acids for delivery into cells. Among them, higher cell transfection efficiency was displayed by DODAB-rich vesicles than those enriched with MO. Structural relaxation of these mixed lipid vesicles plays a key role in their cell transfection efficiency because structural organization of the DODAB-rich vesicles are different from that of the MO-rich vesicles. Polarization-gated anisotropy in conjunction with picosecond resolved emission transients of a novel fluorophore 6-acetyl-(2-((4-hydroxycyclohexyl)(methyl)amino)naphthalene) (ACYMAN) has been employed to probe relaxation dynamics in pure DODAB vesicles, and in mixed vesicles of DODAB with varying content of MO. Both orientational relaxation of ACYMAN and relaxation dynamics of its local environment are retarded significantly in mixed lipid vesicles with increasing MO content, from a mole fraction (χMO) of 0.2 to that of 0.8 which is consistent with increased rigidity of the MO-rich (χMO > 0.5) vesicles relative to the DODAB-rich (χMO < 0.5) vesicles. Therefore, higher structural rigidity of the MO-rich vesicles (χMO > 0.5) gives rise to their lower cell transfection efficiency than the more flexible DODAB-rich (χMO < 0.5) vesicles as observed in previous in vivo studies (Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Biomembr., 2014, 1838, 2555–2567). Lipid vesicles composed of cationic dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) and neutral 1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol (MO) are promising non-viral carriers of nucleic acids for delivery into cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Singh
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700106
- India
| | - Dipanjan Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700106
- India
| | - Subhankar Singha
- Centre of Health Science &Technology
- JIS Institute of Advanced Studies
- Kolkata
- India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
| | - Ismail I. Althagafi
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Applied Sciences
- Umm Al-Qura University
- 21955 Makkah Al-Mokarramma
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Applied Sciences
- Umm Al-Qura University
- 21955 Makkah Al-Mokarramma
- Saudi Arabia
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
| | - Ranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry
- West Bengal State University
- Kolkata 700126
- India
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700106
- India
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Mukhopadhyay R, Mahadevappa M, Lenka PK, Biswas A. Correction of Toe-Walking Gait in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy by using Electrical Stimulation Therapy. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018; 2018:3529-3532. [PMID: 30441140 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8513043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Toe-walking is a very common gait abnormality seen in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). The present study aims to improvise the toe-walking gait by applying Electrical Stimulation (ES) therapy of the Tricep Surae (TS) muscles. The study was carried out on sixteen children with spastic CP with unilateral toe-walking gait problem, divided into the intervention group that received both ES therapy along with conventional physiotherapy treatment and the control group that received only conventional physiotherapy treatment. Both groups were treated for 60 (30 + 30) minutes per day, for 5 days a week, up to 12 weeks. The gait data were analyzed for spatiotemporal and parameters influencing the walking capacity. The results showed that those children who received the intervention had a significant increase in gait speed by 17.67 % (p = 0.019) and decrease in stride length by 10.25 % (p = 0.037), resulting in improvement of body balance. There was a significant percentage increase in initial contact (heel strike) of 85.71 % (p = 0.000) and flat foot position (loading response) of 49.2 % (p = 0.005), confirming reduction in toe-walking. There was also an increase in the swing power by 39.8 % (p = 0.028) and ground impact by 19.5 % (p = 0.003) suggesting a change in foot contact pattern. The results indicate that ES therapy on TS muscle along with conventional physiotherapy may correct the toe-walking gait in children with spastic hemiplegic CP.
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Dubey PS, Sharma VK, Srinivasan H, Mitra S, Sakai VG, Mukhopadhyay R. Effects of NSAIDs on the Dynamics and Phase Behavior of DODAB Bilayers. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:9962-9972. [PMID: 30351108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b07093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite well-known side effects, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most prescribed drugs worldwide for their anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. Here, we report the effects of two NSAIDs, aspirin and indomethacin, on the thermotropic phase behavior and the dynamics of a dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) lipid bilayer as studied using neutron scattering techniques. Elastic fixed window scans showed that the addition of aspirin and indomethacin affects the phase behavior of a DODAB bilayer in both heating and cooling cycles. Upon heating, there is a change in the coagel- to fluid-phase transition temperature from 327 K for pure DODAB bilayer to 321 and 323 K in the presence of aspirin and indomethacin, respectively. More strikingly, upon cooling, the addition of NSAIDs suppresses the formation of the intermediate gel phase observed in pure DODAB. The suppression of the gel phase on addition of the NSAIDs evidences the synchronous ordering of a lipid headgroup and chain. Analysis of quasi-elastic neutron scattering data showed that only localized internal motion exists in the coagel phase, whereas both internal and lateral motions exist in the fluid phase. The internal motion is described by a fractional uniaxial rotational diffusion model in the coagel phase and by a localized translation diffusion model in the fluid phase. In the coagel phase, the rotational diffusion coefficient of DODAB is found to be almost twice for the addition of the drugs, whereas the mobility fraction did not change for indomethacin but becomes twice for aspirin. In the fluid phase, the lateral motion, described well by a continuous diffusion model, is found to be slower by about ∼30% for indomethacin but almost no change for aspirin. For the internal motion, addition of aspirin leads to enhancement of the internal motion, whereas indomethacin did not show significant effect. This study shows that the effect of different NSAIDs on the dynamics of the lipid membrane is not the same; hence, one must consider these NSAIDs individually while studying their action mechanism on the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Dubey
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India
| | - H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094 , India
| | - V García Sakai
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council , Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot OX11 0QX , U.K
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094 , India
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Sridharan H, Guha A, Bhattacharyya S, Bhowmick AK, Mukhopadhyay R. EFFECT OF SILICA LOADING AND COUPLING AGENT ON WEAR AND FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF A TREAD COMPOUND. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 2018. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.18.81570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The effects of highly dispersible silica and the nature of silane in a tire tread cap compound were studied with particular reference to dynamic mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, side force coefficient, and fatigue crack growth (FCG) properties. The rubber matrix chosen was a blend of solution grade styrene butadiene rubber and polybutadiene rubber. Six different loadings of silica were used. Bistriethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide (S) was taken as the coupling agent. In addition, the potential of two new generation silanes, 3-octanoylthio-1-propyltriethoxysilane (N) and 3-mercaptopropyl-di [tridecan-1-oxy-13-penta ethyleneoxideethoxysilane] (V) was also explored at 70 phr silica loading. Optimum properties were obtained at 50 phr loading of silica (S50). The tensile moduli for the compounds increased sharply with silica loading. Higher values of tan δ, indicating higher hysteresis, were obtained in compounds containing higher filler dosage. However, enhanced abrasion resistance and side force coefficient were observed at higher loadings of silica due to an increased reinforcement phenomenon. The crack growth exponent (β) was lowest for S50. Among the silanes tested, V showed a 22% drop in tan δ at 70 °C, 11% drop in abrasion loss, and an increase in FCG rate. N exhibited a lower FCG rate as compared with the silane S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Sridharan
- Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer and Tyre Research Institute, Mysuru, 570016, India
| | - Abhilash Guha
- Rubber Technology Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Sanjay Bhattacharyya
- Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer and Tyre Research Institute, Mysuru, 570016, India
| | - Anil K. Bhowmick
- Rubber Technology Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer and Tyre Research Institute, Mysuru, 570016, India
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Singh P, Choudhury S, Sharma VK, Mitra S, Mukhopadhyay R, Das R, Pal SK. Modulation of Solvation and Molecular Recognition of a Lipid Bilayer under Dynamical Phase Transition. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2709-2716. [PMID: 30030893 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It is well accepted in contemporary biology that an ∼30 Å thick lipid bilayer film around living cells is a matter of life and death as the film typically delimits the environments that serve as a crucial margin. The dynamic organization of lipid molecules both across the lipid bilayer and in the lateral dimension are known to be crucial for cellular transport and molecular recognition by important biological macromolecules. Here, we study dilute (20 mM) Dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) vesicles at different temperatures in aqueous dispersion with well-defined phases namely liquid crystalline, gel and subgel. The spectroscopic studies on two fluorescent probes 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid ammonium salt (ANS) and Coumarin 500 (C500), former in the head group region of the lipid-water interface and later located deeper in the lipid bilayer follow dynamics (solvation and fluidity) of their local environments in the vesicles. Binding of an anti-tuberculosis drug rifampicin has also been studied employing Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) technique. The molecular insight concerning the effect of dynamical organization of the lipid molecules on the local dynamics of aqueous environments in different phases leading to molecular recognition becomes evident in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Singh
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, SaltLake, Kolkata, 700 106, India
| | - Susobhan Choudhury
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, SaltLake, Kolkata, 700 106, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700126
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, SaltLake, Kolkata, 700 106, India
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Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a special class of low-temperature (typically < 100 °C) molten salts, which have huge upsurge interest in the field of chemical synthesis, catalysis, electrochemistry, pharmacology, and biotechnology, mainly due to their highly tunable nature and exceptional properties. However, practical uses of ILs are restricted mainly due to their adverse actions on organisms. Understanding interactions of ILs with biomembrane is prerequisite to assimilate the actions of these ionic compounds on the organism. Here, we review different biophysical methods to characterize interactions between ILs and phospholipid membrane, a model biomembrane. All these studies indicate that ILs interact profoundly with the lipid bilayer and modulate the structure, microscopic dynamics, and phase behavior of the membrane, which could be the fundamental cause of the observed toxicity of ILs. Effects of ILs on the membrane are found to be strongly dependent on the lipophilicity of the IL and are found to increase with the alkyl chain length of IL. This can be correlated with the observed higher toxicity of IL with the longer alkyl chain length. These informations would be useful to tune the toxicity of IL which is required in designing environment-friendly nontoxic solvents of the so-called green chemistry for various practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
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Abstract
Realization of useful nanometer length scale devices in which metalloproteins are junction-confined in a distinct molecular arrangement for generating practical electronic signals (e.g., in bioelectronic switch configuration) is elusive till date. This is mostly due to difficulties in observing an electronically appropriate signal (i.e., reproducible and controllable), when studied under junction-assembled condition. A useful "ON"-"OFF" behavior, based on the negative differential resistance (NDR) peak characteristics in the current-voltage response curves, acquired using metal-insulator-metal (MIM) configuration, has been observed only in the case of a few proteins, namely, azurin, cytochrome c, bacteriorhodopsin, so far. The case of NDR in ferritin, an iron storage protein having a semiconducting iron core consisting of few thousands of iron atoms connected in an oxide network, has not been studied in the MIM configuration where single (or a few) molecule(s) are junction-trapped, for example, as in the case of local probe configuration of scanning probe microscopy. The present study by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), using the naturally occurring iron-containing ferritin (human liver), as well as different iron-loaded ferritins, provides clear indication of the capability of ferritins to be NDR capable, at varying sweep conditions. As ferritin can be tailor-made in a structurally conserved manner, metal core-reconstituted ferritins, that is, Mn(III)-ferritin, Cu(II)-ferritin, and Ag-ferritin, were prepared. A correlation between the NDR peak signatures, as observed in the respective current-voltage response curves of these reconstituted ferritins, and the nature of the metal core is demonstrated. In support of our earlier proposition, here, we affirm that the ferritin protein behaves as a conductor-insulator (metal core-polypeptide shell) composite, where the overall electronic structure of the material can alter as a function of the nature of the conducting filler placed inside the insulated matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kolay
- Department of Biological Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - S Bera
- Department of Biological Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - T Rakshit
- Department of Biological Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700 032 , India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biological Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata 700 032 , India
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Sharma VK, Ghosh SK, Mandal P, Yamada T, Shibata K, Mitra S, Mukhopadhyay R. Effects of ionic liquids on the nanoscopic dynamics and phase behaviour of a phosphatidylcholine membrane. Soft Matter 2017; 13:8969-8979. [PMID: 29152634 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01799e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are potential candidates for new antimicrobials due to their tunable antibacterial and antifungal properties that are required to keep pace with the growing challenge of bacterial resistance. To a great extent their antimicrobial actions are related to the interactions of ILs with cell membranes. Here, we report the effects of ILs on the nanoscopic dynamics and phase behaviour of a dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) membrane, a model cell membrane, as studied using neutron scattering techniques. Two prototypical imidazolium-based ILs 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM[BF4]) and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (DMIM[BF4]), which differ only in terms of the alkyl chain length of cations, have been used for the present study. Fixed Elastic Window Scan (FEWS) shows that the incorporation of ILs affects the phase behaviour of the phospholipid membrane significantly and the transition from a solid gel to a fluid phase shifts to lower temperature. This is found to be consistent with our differential scanning calorimetry measurements. DMIM[BF4], which has a longer alkyl chain cation, affects the phase behaviour more strongly in comparison to BMIM[BF4]. The pressure-area isotherms of the DMPC monolayer measured at the air-water interface show that in the presence of ILs, isotherms shift towards higher area-per lipid molecule. DMIM[BF4] is found to shift the isotherm to a greater extent compared to BMIM[BF4]. Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) data show that both ILs act as a plasticizer, which enhances the fluidity of the membrane. DMIM[BF4] is found to be a stronger plasticizing agent in comparison to BMIM[BF4] that has a cation with a shorter alkyl chain. The incorporation of DMIM[BF4] enhances not only the long range lateral motion but also the localised internal motion of the lipids. On the other hand, BMIM[BF4] acts weakly in comparison to DMIM[BF4] and mainly alters the localised internal motion of the lipids. Any subtle change in the dynamical properties of the membrane can profoundly affect the stability of the cell. Hence, the dominant effect of the IL with the longer chain length on the dynamics of the phospholipid membrane might be correlated with its cytotoxic activity. QENS data analysis has provided a quantitative description of the effects of the two imidazolium-based ILs on the dynamical and phase behaviour of the model cell membrane, which is essential for a detailed understanding of their action mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
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UmaMahesh K, Aggarwal A, Bhasker MV, Mukhopadhyay R, Saraswathy K. Distribution Pattern of HbS and β-globin Gene Haplotypes among Koya Dora Tribe of Andhra Pradesh. INT J HUM GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2011.11886134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K.S.S. UmaMahesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Mamta Medical College, Khammam 507 002, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A. Aggarwal
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi 110 007, India
| | - M. Vijaya Bhasker
- Department of Biochemistry, Mamta Medical College, Khammam 507 002, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi 110 007, India
| | - K.N. Saraswathy
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi 110 007, India
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Sharma VK, Srinivasan H, Mitra S, Garcia-Sakai V, Mukhopadhyay R. Effects of Hydrotropic Salt on the Nanoscopic Dynamics of DTAB Micelles. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:5562-5572. [PMID: 28493721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b02976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Effects of a hydrotropic salt, sodium salicylate (NaSal), on the dynamic behavior of cationic dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) micelles as studied using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) techniques are reported here. DLS study showed that the addition of NaSal leads to a decrease in the apparent diffusion coefficient of the whole micelle indicating micellar growth. QENS data analysis suggested that observed dynamics involves two distinct motions, lateral motion of the surfactant over the curved micellar surface and localized segmental motion of the surfactant. It is found that the addition of NaSal slows down the lateral motion of DTAB while the localized segmental motion of the DTAB chain is not affected much. An atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed to gain further insight into the underlying phenomena. MD simulation results are found to be consistent with the experimental observations. MD simulation revealed that location of the salicylate ions on the micellar surface and their strong electrostatic association with their oppositely charged surfactant headgroup are the major factors in slowing down the lateral motion of the DTAB molecule. In the present work, a quantitative description of the effects of NaSal on the nanoscopic dynamics of DTAB micelles and its correlation with the microstructure of the micelle is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085, India
| | - H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V Garcia-Sakai
- ISIS Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085, India
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Banerjee T, Banerjee S, Sett S, Ghosh S, Rakshit T, Mukhopadhyay R. Discriminating Intercalative Effects of Threading Intercalator Nogalamycin, from Classical Intercalator Daunomycin, Using Single Molecule Atomic Force Spectroscopy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154666. [PMID: 27183010 PMCID: PMC4868319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA threading intercalators are a unique class of intercalating agents, albeit little biophysical information is available on their intercalative actions. Herein, the intercalative effects of nogalamycin, which is a naturally-occurring DNA threading intercalator, have been investigated by high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) and spectroscopy (AFS). The results have been compared with those of the well-known chemotherapeutic drug daunomycin, which is a non-threading classical intercalator bearing structural similarity to nogalamycin. A comparative AFM assessment revealed a greater increase in DNA contour length over the entire incubation period of 48 h for nogalamycin treatment, whereas the contour length increase manifested faster in case of daunomycin. The elastic response of single DNA molecules to an externally applied force was investigated by the single molecule AFS approach. Characteristic mechanical fingerprints in the overstretching behaviour clearly distinguished the nogalamycin/daunomycin-treated dsDNA from untreated dsDNA—the former appearing less elastic than the latter, and the nogalamycin-treated DNA distinguished from the daunomycin-treated DNA—the classically intercalated dsDNA appearing the least elastic. A single molecule AFS-based discrimination of threading intercalation from the classical type is being reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - S. Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - S. Sett
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - S. Ghosh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - T. Rakshit
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, 700 032, India
- * E-mail:
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Mitra S, Sharma VK, Garcia-Sakai V, Orecchini A, Seydel T, Johnson M, Mukhopadhyay R. Enhancement of Lateral Diffusion in Catanionic Vesicles during Multilamellar-to-Unilamellar Transition. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:3777-84. [PMID: 27029782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Catanionic vesicles are formed spontaneously by mixing cationic and anionic dispersions in aqueous solution in suitable conditions. Because of spontaneity in formation, long-term stability, and easy modulation of size and charge, they have numerous advantages over conventional lipid-based vesicles. The dynamics of such vesicles is of interest in the field of biomedicine, as they can be used to deliver drug molecules into the cell membrane. Dynamics of catanionic vesicles based on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) have been studied using incoherent elastic and quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) techniques. Neutron scattering experiments have been carried out on two backscattering spectrometers, IRIS and IN16B, which have different energy resolutions and energy transfer windows. An elastic fixed-window scan carried out using IN16B shows a phase transition at ∼307 K during the heating cycle, whereas on cooling the transition occurred at ∼294 K. DSC results are found to be in close agreement with the elastic scan data. This transition is ascribed to a structural rearrangement from a multilamellar to a unilamellar phase [ Andreozzi J. Phys. Chem. B 2010 , 114 , 8056 - 8060 ]. It is found that a model in which the surfactant molecules undergo both lateral and internal motions can describe the QENS data quite well. While the data from IRIS have contributions from both dynamical processes, the data from IN16B probe only lateral motions, as the internal motions are too fast for the energy window of the spectrometer. It is found that, through the transition, the fraction of surfactant molecules undergoing lateral motion increases of a factor of 2 from the multilamellar to the unilamellar phase, indicating an enhanced fluidity of the latter. The lateral motion is found to be Fickian in nature, while the internal motion has been described by a localized translational diffusion model. The results reported here could have direct interest for a number of applications, such as molecular transport, and the effect of specific drug molecules or hormones through the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai, 40085, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai, 40085, India
| | - V Garcia-Sakai
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council , Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - A Orecchini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia , Via Pascoli, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - T Seydel
- Institut Laue-Langevin , BP 156, 6, rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - M Johnson
- Institut Laue-Langevin , BP 156, 6, rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai, 40085, India
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Banerjee S, Rakshit T, Sett S, Mukhopadhyay R. Interactions of Histone Acetyltransferase p300 with the Nuclear Proteins Histone and HMGB1, As Revealed by Single Molecule Atomic Force Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:13278-87. [PMID: 26419288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
One of the important properties of the transcriptional coactivator p300 is histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity that enables p300 to influence chromatin action via histone modulation. p300 can exert its HAT action upon the other nuclear proteins too--one notable example being the transcription-factor-like protein HMGB1, which functions also as a cytokine, and whose accumulation in the cytoplasm, as a response to tissue damage, is triggered by its acetylation. Hitherto, no information on the structure and stability of the complexes between full-length p300 (p300FL) (300 kDa) and the histone/HMGB1 proteins are available, probably due to the presence of unstructured regions within p300FL that makes it difficult to be crystallized. Herein, we have adopted the high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) approach, which allows molecularly resolved three-dimensional contour mapping of a protein molecule of any size and structure. From the off-rate and activation barrier values, obtained using single molecule dynamic force spectroscopy, the biochemical proposition of preferential binding of p300FL to histone H3, compared to the octameric histone, can be validated. Importantly, from the energy landscape of the dissociation events, a model for the p300-histone and the p300-HMGB1 dynamic complexes that HAT forms, can be proposed. The lower unbinding forces of the complexes observed in acetylating conditions, compared to those observed in non-acetylating conditions, indicate that upon acetylation, p300 tends to weakly associate, probably as an outcome of charge alterations on the histone/HMGB1 surface and/or acetylation-induced conformational changes. To our knowledge, for the first time, a single molecule level treatment of the interactions of HAT, where the full-length protein is considered, is being reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - T Rakshit
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - S Sett
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Choudhury S, Mondal PK, Sharma VK, Mitra S, Sakai VG, Mukhopadhyay R, Pal SK. Direct Observation of Coupling between Structural Fluctuation and Ultrafast Hydration Dynamics of Fluorescent Probes in Anionic Micelles. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:10849-57. [PMID: 25874585 DOI: 10.1021/jp511899q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of structural fluctuation and the dynamics of associated water molecules of biological macromolecules is vital for various biological activities. Although a number of molecular dynamics (MD) studies on proteins/DNA predicted the importance of such coupling, experimental evidence of variation of hydration dynamics with controlled structural fluctuation even in model macromolecule is sparse and raised controversies in the contemporary literature. Here, we have investigated dynamics of hydration at the surfaces of two similar anionic micelles sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) as model macromolecules using coumarin 500 (C500) as spectroscopic probe with femtosecond to picosecond time resolution up to 20 ns time window. The constituting surfactants SDS and SDBS are structurally similar except one benzene moiety in the SDBS may offer additional rigidity to the SDBS micelles through π-stacking and added bulkiness. The structural integrity of the micelles in the aqueous medium is confirmed in dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies. A variety of studies including polarization gated fluorescence spectroscopy and quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) have been used to confirm differential structural fluctuation of SDS and SDBS micelles. We have also employed femtosecond-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) in order to study binding of a cationic organic ligand ethidium bromide (EtBr) salt at the micellar surfaces. The distance distribution of the donor (C500)-acceptor (EtBr) in the micellar media reveals the manifestation of the structural flexibility of the micelles. Our studies on dynamical coupling of the structural flexibility with surface hydration in the nanoscopic micellar media may find the relevance in the "master-slave" type water dynamics in biologically relevant macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susobhan Choudhury
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
| | - Prasanna Kumar Mondal
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V Garcia Sakai
- Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot, OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences , Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
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Aoun B, Sharma VK, Pellegrini E, Mitra S, Johnson M, Mukhopadhyay R. Structure and dynamics of ionic micelles: MD simulation and neutron scattering study. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:5079-86. [PMID: 25803564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been carried out on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), an anionic micelle, and three cationic (CnTAB; n = 12, 14, 16) micelles, investigating the effects of size, the form of the headgroup, and chain length. They have been used to analyze neutron scattering data. MD simulations confirm the dynamical model of global motion of the whole micelle, segmental motion (headgroup and alkyl chain), and fast torsional motion associated with the surfactants that is used to analyze the experimental data. It is found that the solvent surrounding the headgroups results in their significant mobility, which exceeds that of the tails on the nanosecond time scale. The middle of the chain is found to be least mobile, consolidating the micellar configuration. This dynamical feature is similar for all the ionic micelles investigated and therefore independent of headgroup form and charge and chain length. Diffusion constants for global and segmental motion of the different micelles are consistent with experimentally obtained values as well as known structural features. This work provides a more realistic model of micelle dynamics and offers new insight into the strongly fluctuating surface of micelles which is important in understanding micelle dispersion and related functionality, like drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aoun
- †Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, 6, rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - V K Sharma
- ‡Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - E Pellegrini
- †Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, 6, rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - S Mitra
- ‡Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - M Johnson
- †Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156, 6, rue Jules Horowitz, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- ‡Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
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Mukhopadhyay R, Mahadevappa M, Lenka PK, Biswas A. Therapeutic effects of functional electrical stimulation on motor cortex in children with spastic Cerebral Palsy. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2015:3432-3435. [PMID: 26737030 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we have evaluated the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal recorded during ankle dorsal and plantar flexion in children with spastic Cerebral Palsy (CP) after Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) of the Tibialis Anterior (TA) muscles. The intervention group had 10 children with spastic diaplegic/hemiplegic CP within the age group of 5 to 14 years of age who received both FES for 30 minutes and the conventional physiotherapy for 30 minutes a day, while the control group had 5 children who received only conventional physiotherapy for 60(30 + 30) minutes a day only. Both group were treated for 5 days a week, up to 12 weeks. The EEG data were analyzed for Peak Alpha Frequency (PAF), sensorimotor rhythm (SMR), mu wave suppression and power spectral density (PSD) of all the bands. The results showed a decrease in SMR and mu wave suppression in the intervention group as compared to the control group, indicating a positive/greater improvement in performance of motor activities. Therefore, from this study we could conclude that FES combined with conventional physiotherapy improves the motor activity in children with spastic CP.
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Magu NK, Singla R, Rohilla R, Gogna P, Mukhopadhyay R, Singh A. Modified Pauwels’ intertrochanteric osteotomy in the management of nonunion of a femoral neck fracture following failed osteosynthesis. Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:1198-201. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.96b9.33530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the outcome of 39 patients who underwent a modified Pauwels’ intertrochanteric osteotomy for nonunion of a femoral neck fracture following failed osteosynthesis. There were 31 men and eight women with a mean age of 47.2 years (34 to 59). By Pauwels’ classification, there were 11 Type II fractures and 28 Type III fractures. The mean follow-up was 7.9 years (2 to 19). In the 11 patients whose initial treatment had been osteotomy, union was achieved in nine (81.8%). In 28 patients whose initial treatment had been with a lag screw or a dynamic hip screw, union was achieved in 27 (96.4%). Limb lengths were equalised in 14 of 16 patients (87.5%) with pre-operative shortening. The mean neck-shaft angle improved significantly from 100.5° (80° to 120°) to 131.6° (120° to 155°) (p = 0.004). The mean modified Harris hip score was 85.6 points (70 to 97) and the mean modified Merle d’Aubigné score was 14.3 (11 to 18). Good to excellent functional outcomes were achieved in 32 patients (88.8%). A modified Pauwels’ intertrochanteric osteotomy is a reliable method of treating ununited fractures of the femoral neck following failed osteosynthesis: coxa vara and shortening can also simultaneously be addressed. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:1198–1201.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. K. Magu
- Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Department
of Orthopedics, Paraplegia, Physical medicine
and Rehabilitation, Haryana, India
| | - R. Singla
- Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Department
of Orthopedics, Paraplegia, Physical medicine
and Rehabilitation, Haryana, India
| | - R. Rohilla
- Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Department
of Orthopedics, Paraplegia, Physical medicine
and Rehabilitation, Haryana, India
| | - P. Gogna
- Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Department
of Orthopedics, Paraplegia, Physical medicine
and Rehabilitation, Haryana, India
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Department
of Orthopedics, Paraplegia, Physical medicine
and Rehabilitation, Haryana, India
| | - A. Singh
- Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Department
of Orthopedics, Paraplegia, Physical medicine
and Rehabilitation, Haryana, India
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Mitra S, Sharma V, Chaplot S, Mukhopadhyay R. Diffusion of hydrocarbon in zeolite and effect due to pore topology: Neutron scattering and MD simulation studies. Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mitra S, Prabhudesai SA, Chakrabarty D, Sharma VK, Vicente MA, Embs JP, Mukhopadhyay R. Dynamics of water in synthetic saponite clays: effect of trivalent ion substitution. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2013; 87:062317. [PMID: 23848685 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.87.062317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Saponite clay belongs to the phyllosilicate family and is comprised of layers of Si(IV) tetrahedra and Al(III) or Mg(II) octahedra with definite interlayer spacing. In these systems, the trivalent ion substitutions in the tetrahedral layers lead to negative charge on the layers. Here we report the dynamics of water contained in [Si(6.97)Al(1.03)][Ni(6.00)]O(20)(OH)(4)[Na(1.03)]·28H(2)O (SAP-1) and [Si(7.13)Fe(0.86)][Ni(6.00)]O(20)(OH)(4)[Na(0.86)]·14H(2)O (SAP-2) saponite clays in the temperature range 200-310 K as studied by quasielastic neutron scattering technique. Particularly the effect of the ion substitution towards the dynamics of water is addressed here. Data analysis is carried out using the relaxing cage model. The existence of distribution in relaxation times indicated that the water molecules in saponite clay have a different local environment which leads to complex diffusion behavior. It is found that water exists in a supercooled state in the temperature range up to 235 K. However, some of the water molecules are found to be immobile in the temperature range 240-285 K. The fraction of immobile water decreases with increase in temperature. At higher temperatures, some of the water molecules in the hydration shells or those near the surface start participating in the diffusion process and at 293 K, almost all water molecules contribute to the dynamics. Diffusivity of water in both SAP-1 and SAP-2 are found to be lower in comparison to the bulk, and within the two samples of saponite clay diffusivity in SAP-1 is found to be lower compared to SAP-2; this has been explained on the basis of the charge on the tetrahedral layers and the charge balancing cations in the interlayer spacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
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Abstract
Micellar dynamics in sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) is studied using quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) technique. Results are compared with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a very similar surfactant except for the presence of a phenyl ring in SDBS. SDBS is a very important system for various industrial usages and variety of other applications. The aim here is to investigate the effect of molecular architecture of the surfactant molecule on micellar dynamics. Analysis of the QENS data showed that there exists two distinct motions in both of the micellar systems: whole micellar motion or global motion and the internal motion of the monomer within the micelles. The global diffusion associated with the whole micelle is found to be Fickian in nature. The diffusion coefficient corresponding to the global motion is found to be significantly lower for SDBS than SDS micelles. As far as internal motion is concerned, the structure factor indicates that the alkyl chains are more flexible in SDS compared with SDBS. Similar behavior is also reported in a recent molecular-dynamics simulation study. Detailed analysis showed that a localized translational diffusion model in which the hydrogen atoms undergo diffusion within a sphere could describe the internal motions in both the micelles. Diffusion coefficients corresponding to internal motions is found to be lower in the case of SDBS micelles compared with SDS micelles, implying that internal motions in SDBS micelles are relatively hindered vis-a-vis SDS micelles. This could be understood in terms of denser packing in SDBS micelles due to the presence of π-stacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
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