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Ma Z, Lytle NK, Chen B, Jyotsana N, Novak SW, Cho CJ, Caplan L, Ben-Levy O, Neininger AC, Burnette DT, Trinh VQ, Tan MCB, Patterson EA, Arrojo E Drigo R, Giraddi RR, Ramos C, Means AL, Matsumoto I, Manor U, Mills JC, Goldenring JR, Lau KS, Wahl GM, DelGiorno KE. Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals a Conserved Metaplasia Program in Pancreatic Injury. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:604-620.e20. [PMID: 34695382 PMCID: PMC8792222 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Acinar to ductal metaplasia (ADM) occurs in the pancreas in response to tissue injury and is a potential precursor for adenocarcinoma. The goal of these studies was to define the populations arising from ADM, the associated transcriptional changes, and markers of disease progression. METHODS Acinar cells were lineage-traced with enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) to follow their fate post-injury. Transcripts of more than 13,000 EYFP+ cells were determined using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Developmental trajectories were generated. Data were compared with gastric metaplasia, KrasG12D-induced neoplasia, and human pancreatitis. Results were confirmed by immunostaining and electron microscopy. KrasG12D was expressed in injury-induced ADM using several inducible Cre drivers. Surgical specimens of chronic pancreatitis from 15 patients were evaluated by immunostaining. RESULTS scRNA-seq of ADM revealed emergence of a mucin/ductal population resembling gastric pyloric metaplasia. Lineage trajectories suggest that some pyloric metaplasia cells can generate tuft and enteroendocrine cells (EECs). Comparison with KrasG12D-induced ADM identifies populations associated with disease progression. Activation of KrasG12D expression in HNF1B+ or POU2F3+ ADM populations leads to neoplastic transformation and formation of MUC5AC+ gastric-pit-like cells. Human pancreatitis samples also harbor pyloric metaplasia with a similar transcriptional phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Under conditions of chronic injury, acinar cells undergo a pyloric-type metaplasia to mucinous progenitor-like populations, which seed disparate tuft cell and EEC lineages. ADM-derived EEC subtypes are diverse. KrasG12D expression is sufficient to drive neoplasia when targeted to injury-induced ADM populations and offers an alternative origin for tumorigenesis. This program is conserved in human pancreatitis, providing insight into early events in pancreas diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Ma
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Nikki K Lytle
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Bob Chen
- Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nidhi Jyotsana
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sammy Weiser Novak
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Insitute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Charles J Cho
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Leah Caplan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Olivia Ben-Levy
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Abigail C Neininger
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dylan T Burnette
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Vincent Q Trinh
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Marcus C B Tan
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Emilee A Patterson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Rafael Arrojo E Drigo
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Rajshekhar R Giraddi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Cynthia Ramos
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Anna L Means
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Uri Manor
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Insitute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason C Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - James R Goldenring
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ken S Lau
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Geoffrey M Wahl
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Kathleen E DelGiorno
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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2
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DelGiorno KE, Chung CY, Vavinskaya V, Maurer HC, Novak SW, Lytle NK, Ma Z, Giraddi RR, Wang D, Fang L, Naeem RF, Andrade LR, Ali WH, Tseng H, Tsui C, Gubbala VB, Ridinger-Saison M, Ohmoto M, Erikson GA, O'Connor C, Shokhirev MN, Hah N, Urade Y, Matsumoto I, Kaech SM, Singh PK, Manor U, Olive KP, Wahl GM. Tuft Cells Inhibit Pancreatic Tumorigenesis in Mice by Producing Prostaglandin D 2. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:1866-1881.e8. [PMID: 32717220 PMCID: PMC7680354 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) involves acinar to ductal metaplasia and genesis of tuft cells. It has been a challenge to study these rare cells because of the lack of animal models. We investigated the role of tuft cells in pancreatic tumorigenesis. METHODS We performed studies with LSL-KrasG12D/+;Ptf1aCre/+ mice (KC; develop pancreatic tumors), KC mice crossed with mice with pancreatic disruption of Pou2f3 (KPouC mice; do not develop tuft cells), or mice with pancreatic disruption of the hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase gene (Hpgds, KHC mice) and wild-type mice. Mice were allowed to age or were given caerulein to induce pancreatitis; pancreata were collected and analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry, RNA sequencing, ultrastructural microscopy, and metabolic profiling. We performed laser-capture dissection and RNA-sequencing analysis of pancreatic tissues from 26 patients with pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN), 19 patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), and 197 patients with PDA. RESULTS Pancreata from KC mice had increased formation of tuft cells and higher levels of prostaglandin D2 than wild-type mice. Pancreas-specific deletion of POU2F3 in KC mice (KPouC mice) resulted in a loss of tuft cells and accelerated tumorigenesis. KPouC mice had increased fibrosis and activation of immune cells after administration of caerulein. Pancreata from KPouC and KHC mice had significantly lower levels of prostaglandin D2, compared with KC mice, and significantly increased numbers of PanINs and PDAs. KPouC and KHC mice had increased pancreatic injury after administration of caerulein, significantly less normal tissue, more extracellular matrix deposition, and higher PanIN grade than KC mice. Human PanIN and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm had gene expression signatures associated with tuft cells and increased expression of Hpgds messenger RNA compared with PDA. CONCLUSIONS In mice with KRAS-induced pancreatic tumorigenesis, loss of tuft cells accelerates tumorigenesis and increases the severity of caerulein-induced pancreatic injury, via decreased production of prostaglandin D2. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that tuft cells are a metaplasia-induced tumor attenuating cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E DelGiorno
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California.
| | - Chi-Yeh Chung
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Vera Vavinskaya
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - H Carlo Maurer
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany
| | - Sammy Weiser Novak
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Insitute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Nikki K Lytle
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Zhibo Ma
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Rajshekhar R Giraddi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Dezhen Wang
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Linjing Fang
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Insitute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Razia F Naeem
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Leonardo R Andrade
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Insitute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Wahida H Ali
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Hubert Tseng
- Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, Califonia
| | - Crystal Tsui
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Vikas B Gubbala
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Maya Ridinger-Saison
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Makoto Ohmoto
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Galina A Erikson
- Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Carolyn O'Connor
- Flow Cytometry Core, Salk Insitute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Maxim Nikolaievich Shokhirev
- Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Nasun Hah
- Next Generation Sequencing Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | | | | | - Susan M Kaech
- Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, Califonia
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Uri Manor
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Insitute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Kenneth P Olive
- Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Geoffrey M Wahl
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California.
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3
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Chung CY, Ma Z, Dravis C, Preissl S, Poirion O, Luna G, Hou X, Giraddi RR, Ren B, Wahl GM. Single-Cell Chromatin Analysis of Mammary Gland Development Reveals Cell-State Transcriptional Regulators and Lineage Relationships. Cell Rep 2020; 29:495-510.e6. [PMID: 31597106 PMCID: PMC6887110 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Technological improvements enable single-cell epigenetic analyses of organ development. We reasoned that high-resolution single-cell chromatin accessibility mapping would provide needed insight into the epigenetic reprogramming and transcriptional regulators involved in normal mammary gland development. Here, we provide a single-cell resource of chromatin accessibility for murine mammary development from the peak of fetal mammary stem cell (fMaSC) functional activity in late embryogenesis to the differentiation of adult basal and luminal cells. We find that the chromatin landscape within individual cells predicts both gene accessibility and transcription factor activity. The ability of single-cell chromatin profiling to separate E18 fetal mammary cells into clusters exhibiting basal-like and luminal-like chromatin features is noteworthy. Such distinctions were not evident in analyses of droplet-based single-cell transcriptomic data. We present a web application as a scientific resource for facilitating future analyses of the gene regulatory networks involved in mammary development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yeh Chung
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zhibo Ma
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher Dravis
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Olivier Poirion
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gidsela Luna
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Hou
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rajshekhar R Giraddi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bing Ren
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Wahl
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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4
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Giraddi RR, Chung CY, Heinz RE, Balcioglu O, Novotny M, Trejo CL, Dravis C, Hagos BM, Mehrabad EM, Rodewald LW, Hwang JY, Fan C, Lasken R, Varley KE, Perou CM, Wahl GM, Spike BT. Single-Cell Transcriptomes Distinguish Stem Cell State Changes and Lineage Specification Programs in Early Mammary Gland Development. Cell Rep 2020; 24:1653-1666.e7. [PMID: 30089273 PMCID: PMC6301014 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammary gland consists of cells with gene expression patterns
reflecting their cellular origins, function, and spatiotemporal context.
However, knowledge of developmental kinetics and mechanisms of lineage
specification is lacking. We address this significant knowledge gap by
generating a single-cell transcriptome atlas encompassing embryonic, postnatal,
and adult mouse mammary development. From these data, we map the chronology of
transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct cell states and distinguish fetal
mammary stem cells (fMaSCs) from their precursors and progeny. fMaSCs show
balanced co-expression of factors associated with discrete adult lineages and a
metabolic gene signature that subsides during maturation but reemerges in some
human breast cancers and metastases. These data provide a useful resource for
illuminating mammary cell heterogeneity, the kinetics of differentiation, and
developmental correlates of tumorigenesis. Single-cell RNA sequencing of developing mouse mammary epithelia reveals
the timing of lineage specification. Giraddi et al. find that fetal mammary stem
cells co-express factors that define distinct lineages in their progeny and bear
functionally relevant metabolic program signatures that change with
differentiation and are resurrected in human breast cancers and metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajshekhar R Giraddi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chi-Yeh Chung
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Richard E Heinz
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ozlen Balcioglu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Mark Novotny
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christy L Trejo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher Dravis
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Berhane M Hagos
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Elnaz Mirzaei Mehrabad
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Luo Wei Rodewald
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jae Y Hwang
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Cheng Fan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Roger Lasken
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Katherine E Varley
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Charles M Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Wahl
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Benjamin T Spike
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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5
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Giraddi RR, Shehata M, Gallardo M, Blasco MA, Simons BD, Stingl J. Stem and progenitor cell division kinetics during postnatal mouse mammary gland development. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8487. [PMID: 26511661 PMCID: PMC4632194 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The cycling properties of mammary stem and progenitor cells is not well understood. To determine the division properties of these cells, we administered synthetic nucleosides for varying periods of time to mice at different stages of postnatal development and monitored the rate of uptake of these nucleosides in the different mammary cell compartments. Here we show that most cell division in the adult virgin gland is restricted to the oestrogen receptor-expressing luminal cell lineage. Our data also demonstrate that the oestrogen receptor-expressing, milk and basal cell subpopulations have telomere lengths and cell division kinetics that are not compatible with these cells being hierarchically organized; instead, our data indicate that in the adult homeostatic gland, each cell type is largely maintained by its own restricted progenitors. We also observe that transplantable stem cells are largely quiescent during oestrus, but are cycling during dioestrus when progesterone levels are high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajshekhar R. Giraddi
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Mona Shehata
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Mercedes Gallardo
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid E-28029, Spain
| | - Maria A. Blasco
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid E-28029, Spain
| | - Benjamin D. Simons
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road CB2 1QR, UK
| | - John Stingl
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
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6
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Prater MD, Petit V, Alasdair Russell I, Giraddi RR, Shehata M, Menon S, Schulte R, Kalajzic I, Rath N, Olson MF, Metzger D, Faraldo MM, Deugnier MA, Glukhova MA, Stingl J. Mammary stem cells have myoepithelial cell properties. Nat Cell Biol 2014; 16:942-50, 1-7. [PMID: 25173976 PMCID: PMC4183554 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Contractile myoepithelial cells dominate the basal layer of the mammary epithelium and are considered to be differentiated cells. However, we observe that up to 54% of single basal cells can form colonies when seeded into adherent culture in the presence of agents that disrupt actin-myosin interactions, and on average, 65% of the single-cell-derived basal colonies can repopulate a mammary gland when transplanted in vivo. This indicates that a high proportion of basal myoepithelial cells can give rise to a mammary repopulating unit (MRU). We demonstrate that myoepithelial cells, flow-sorted using two independent myoepithelial-specific reporter strategies, have MRU capacity. Using an inducible lineage-tracing approach we follow the progeny of myoepithelial cells that express α-smooth muscle actin and show that they function as long-lived lineage-restricted stem cells in the virgin state and during pregnancy.
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MESH Headings
- Actins/metabolism
- Animals
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Dioxoles/pharmacology
- Epithelial Cells/cytology
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism
- Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit/deficiency
- Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit/genetics
- Mammary Glands, Animal/cytology
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Stem Cells/cytology
- Stem Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Prater
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Valérie Petit
- 1] Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, F-75248, France [2] CNRS, UMR144, Paris, F-75248, France
| | - I Alasdair Russell
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Rajshekhar R Giraddi
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Mona Shehata
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Suraj Menon
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Reiner Schulte
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Ivo Kalajzic
- Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-3705, USA
| | - Nicola Rath
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Michael F Olson
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Daniel Metzger
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, (CNRS/INSERM/Université de Strasbourg/Collège de France), Illkirch Cedex 67404, France
| | - Marisa M Faraldo
- 1] Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, F-75248, France [2] CNRS, UMR144, Paris, F-75248, France
| | - Marie-Ange Deugnier
- 1] Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, F-75248, France [2] CNRS, UMR144, Paris, F-75248, France
| | - Marina A Glukhova
- 1] Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Paris, F-75248, France [2] CNRS, UMR144, Paris, F-75248, France
| | - John Stingl
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
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7
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Shehata M, van Amerongen R, Zeeman AL, Giraddi RR, Stingl J. The influence of tamoxifen on normal mouse mammary gland homeostasis. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:411. [PMID: 25056669 PMCID: PMC4303226 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lineage tracing using inducible genetic labeling has emerged to be a powerful method for interrogating the developmental fate of cells in intact tissues. A common induction mechanism is the use of tamoxifen-dependent Cre recombinase (CreER and CreERT2), but the effects of tamoxifen at doses normally used in lineage-tracing studies on normal adult mammary gland homeostasis are not known. METHODS We used flow cytometry and immunostaining of intact glands to determine whether varying doses of tamoxifen skew the distribution and the apoptosis and proliferation status of different types of mammary epithelial cells in vivo. We also examined how tamoxifen influences the number of progenitor and mammary repopulating units (MRUs). RESULTS Our results indicate that ≥5 mg/25 g body weight of tamoxifen induces a transient increase in cell proliferation and in the number of basal cells in the adult mammary epithelium up to 7 days after tamoxifen administration. However, in the medium term (3 weeks), all doses of tamoxifen≥1 mg/25 g body weight result in a decrease in the number of basal and EpCAM+CD49b- luminal cells and a decrease in progenitor cell function. Tamoxifen at doses≥5 mg/25 g body weight induced a transient increase in caspase-3-mediated apoptotic cell death within the mammary epithelium. However, mammary epithelial cell numbers in all subpopulations were restored to their original levels by 8 weeks. No long-lasting effects of tamoxifen on MRU numbers or on pubertal ductal development were observed. CONCLUSION Tamoxifen can skew the distribution of mammary cell types in a dose-dependent manner, and thus caution must be taken when interpreting lineage-tracing studies using high doses of tamoxifen, particularly when short-duration analyses of a quantitative nature are being performed.
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