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Vishnu CR, Anilkumar EN, Sridharan R, Kumar PNR. Statistical characterization of managerial risk factors: a case of state-run hospitals in India. OPSEARCH 2023. [PMCID: PMC9977100 DOI: 10.1007/s12597-023-00633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Public healthcare institutions are the crucial component in the social and economic development of a nation, particularly India. However, public hospitals in India confront multiple operational risk factors that compromise patient satisfaction. Although all the risk factors are essentially critical, the impact potential of any risk factor is ultimately determined by its ability to induce other risk factors. The current research derives motivation from these scenarios and investigates the characteristics of crucial operational risk factors experienced in the public healthcare sector in a South Indian state. Extensive questionnaire-based surveys were conducted among civilians and healthcare professionals in two phases, i.e., prior to the COVID-19 crisis and during the COVID-19 crisis, for identifying significant risk factors. The collected data is analysed using statistical techniques like exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and partial least squares based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to characterise the inter-relationships between risk factors. The research discloses the translational effect of administrative/infrastructure constraints in public hospitals in compromising the operational performance indirectly through human-related issues rather than having a direct influence. More precisely, the presented model indicates that risk factors like the physical infrastructure limitations and shortage of staff will overburden the existing employees, resulting in human-related issues, including attitudinal issues of employees and community mistrusts and misbelieves. The results reveal seemingly resolvable budget allocation issues, but at the same time alarms the authorities to execute immediate countermeasures. Ultimately, this research seeks to empower public hospital administrators with interesting insights and managerial implications drawn from the statistical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Vishnu
- VIT Business School, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India
| | - E. N. Anilkumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, LBS Institute of Technology for Women, Trivandrum, India
| | - R. Sridharan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, India
| | - P. N. Ram Kumar
- Quantitative Methods and Operations Management, Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode, Kozhikode, India
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Izawa-Ishiguro AR, Sridharan R, Wun C, Sami TJ, Heller DA. Abstract 302: MEKi-FGFRi combination nanoparticles for use against KRASmt/FGFR-compensatory lung tumors. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Targeting oncogenic signaling in the MAPK pathway can be achieved with small molecules such as trametinib, a MEK inhibitor (MEKi). Trametinib-induced MEK inhibition in KRAS-mutant (KRASmt) lung cancer, however, results in compensatory MAPK pathway re-activation through fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). Combining MEK inhibition with FGFR1 inhibition should thereby combat this compensation; nonetheless, systemic administration of combination therapy faces its own set of challenges. Such challenges include delivering appropriate kinase inhibitor concentrations to target tumor tissue while avoiding dose-limiting additive toxicities.
Although previous work has identified that combination therapy involving trametinib and FGFR inhibitor (FGFRi) ponatinib synergistically inhibits growth and proliferation of KRASmt cells, ponatinib interacts with a variety of targets and may mediate its synergistic effects via mechanisms not specific to FGFR1. To improve the efficacy at which we target KRASmt/FGFR-compensatory lung tumors, we encapsulated trametinib with a variety of FGFR1-specific inhibitors to form P-selectin-targeted nanoparticles. By formulating these nanoparticles, compensatory MAPK pathway activation through FGFR1 can be more efficaciously inhibited. Concurrently, greater concentrations of kinase inhibitor combinations can be locally delivered to lung tumors while mitigating toxic side effects that occur from systemic free drug. Here we show that these MEKi-FGFRi combination nanoparticles can be formulated to efficaciously inhibit growth and proliferation in KRASmt/FGFR-compensatory cancer cells.
Citation Format: Arianna R. Izawa-Ishiguro, Ramya Sridharan, Christopher Wun, Tabassum J. Sami, Daniel A. Heller. MEKi-FGFRi combination nanoparticles for use against KRASmt/FGFR-compensatory lung tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 302.
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Vishnu CR, Sridharan R, Ram Kumar PN, Regi Kumar V. Analysis of the operational risk factors in public hospitals in an Indian state. Int J Health Care Qual Assur 2020; 33:67-88. [PMID: 31940151 DOI: 10.1108/ijhcqa-06-2018-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Risk management in the healthcare sector is a highly relevant sub-domain and a crucial research area from the humanitarian perspective. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the managerial/supply chain risk factors experienced by the government hospitals in an Indian state. The present paper analyzes the inter-relationships among the significant risk factors and ranks those risk factors based on their criticality. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The current research focuses on 125 public hospitals in an Indian state. Questionnaire-based survey and personal interviews were conducted in the healthcare sector among the inpatients and hospital staff to identify the significant risk factors. An integrated DEMATEL-ISM-PROMETHEE method is adopted to analyze the impact potential and dependence behavior of the risk factors. FINDINGS The analysis asserts the absence of critical risk factors that have a direct impact on patient safety in the present healthcare system under investigation. However, the results illustrate the remarkable impact potential attributed to the risk factor, namely, staff shortage in inducing other risk factors such as employee attitudinal issues, employee health issues and absenteeism altogether resulting in community mistrust/misbeliefs. Maintenance mismanagement, monsoon time epidemics, physical infrastructure limitations are also found to be significant risk factors that compromise patient satisfaction levels. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Multiple options are illustrated to mitigate significant risk factors and operational constraints experienced by public hospitals in the state. The study warrants urgent attention from government officials to fill staff vacancies and to improve the infrastructural facilities to match with the increasing demand from the society. Furthermore, this research recommends the hospital authorities to start conducting induction and training programs for the hospital employees to instill the fundamental code of conduct while working in hectic, challenging and even in conditions with limited resources. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Only limited papers are visible that address the identification and mitigation of risk factors associated with hospitals. The present paper proposes a novel DEMATEL-ISM-PROMETHEE integrated approach to map the inter-relationships among the significant risk factors and to rank those risk factors based on their criticality. Furthermore, the present study discloses the unique setting of the public healthcare system in a developing nation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Vishnu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, India
| | - R Sridharan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, India
| | - P N Ram Kumar
- Department of Quantitative Methods and Operations Management, Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode, Kozhikode, India
| | - V Regi Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Rajalingham S, Shaharir SS, Sridharan R. FRI0073 SEROLOGICAL PREDICTORS OF THE SEVERITY OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS RELATED INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:The most common extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is interstitial lung disease (ILD). Although pulmonary manifestations in RA encompass the main airway, parenchyma, vasculature and pleura, ILD in particular, is associated with reduced survival. Up to 10% of RA patients suffer from clinically significant ILD while a substantial proportion have abnormal CT chest findings despite being asymptomatic.There are various biochemical and serological markers to predict the severity of the joints in RA. However, the clinical and laboratory determinants of RA related ILD (RA-ILD) are not well defined owing to the paucity of research data in this regard.Objectives:The main objective of this study is to determine the correlation between the rheumatoid factor (RF) serotypes and the severity of RA-ILD based on computer tomography (CT) findings.Methods:We recruited a total of 100 RA patients who were tested for IgA RF, IgG RF and IgM RF and had high resolution CT chest performed. Participants were aged above 18 years, met the 2010 ACR/EULAR RA criteria, had RA for more than 6 months, were non-smokers, not pregnant and had no known chronic lung disease or lung malignancy based on their medical records. Seventy-two patients had ILD changes on HRCT of the chest and were included in this study. The CT images were scored based on a scoring system proposed by Kazerooni et al. Ground glass opacities represented the alveolar findings whereas honeycombing and septal thickening were the interstitial findings. The ground glass and fibrosis scores were on a scale of 0-5, with higher scores for greater involvement of the lobes. For each subject, the maximum ground glass and fibrosis scores were 25, respectively.Results:The frequency of RF positivity was comparable across the 3 serotypes (83.33-84.72%). The correlation between the clinical variables and the CT scores are listed in Table 1.We found that the the CT scores for ground glass showed significant positive correlation with disease duration (p=0.047)and IgA RF levels (p<0.050)whereas the fibrosis scores had significant relationship with multiple clinical covariates i.e age (p=0.004), disease duration (p=0.042), IgA RF levels (p<0.050), IgG RF levels (p=0.041) and anti-CCP levels (p=0.006). On multivariate analysis, only IgA RF levels remained significantly (p<0.05, standardized beta coefficient =0.604) associated with the ground glass scores. As for the fibrosis scores, IgA RF levels and age were independent predictors based on multivariate analysis after adjusting for confounders, with p scores of <0.05 and 0.02, respectively.Table 1.Correlation of CT scores with clinical covariates and antibodiesParametersGround glassFibrosisrp valuerp valueAge0.2290.0530.3340.004Disease duration0.2350.0470.2400.042Total MSS0.0580.6280.2240.145Cumulative Methotrexate dose0.0390.7480.0980.413Ig A0.608<0.050.576<0.05Ig M0.0530.6600.0190.873Ig G0.1830.1240.2410.041Anti CCP0.1170.3280.3190.006Conclusion:The IgA RF was the only serotype which was independently associated with the severity of RA-ILD.References:[1]Bongartz, T., Nannini, C., Medina-Velasquez, Y. F., Achenbach, S. J., Crowson, C. S., Ryu,et al. (2010). Incidence and mortality of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study. Arthritis and rheumatism, 62(6), 1583-1591.[2]Dawson, J. K., Fewins, H. E., Desmond, J., Lynch, M. P., & Graham, D. R. (2001). Fibrosing alveolitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis as assessed by high resolution computed tomography, chest radiography, and pulmonary function tests. Thorax, 56(8), 622-627.[3]Kazerooni, E. A., Martinez, F. J., Flint, A., Jamadar, D. A., Gross, B. H.,et al. (1997). Thin-section CT obtained at 10-mm increments versus limited three-level thin-section CT for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: correlation with pathologic scoring. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 169(4), 977-983.[4]van der Helm-van Mil, A. H., & Huizinga, T. W. (2012). The 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria for rheumatoid arthritis: do they affect the classification or diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis? Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 71(10), 1596-1598.Disclosure of Interests:Sakthiswary Rajalingham Speakers bureau: Pfizer (500USD), Syahrul Sazliyana Shaharir: None declared, Radhika Sridharan: None declared
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Ruscetti M, Morris JP, Mezzadra R, Russell J, Leibold J, Romesser PB, Simon J, Kulick A, Ho YJ, Fennell M, Li J, Norgard RJ, Wilkinson JE, Alonso-Curbelo D, Sridharan R, Heller DA, de Stanchina E, Stanger BZ, Sherr CJ, Lowe SW. Senescence-Induced Vascular Remodeling Creates Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Pancreas Cancer. Cell 2020; 181:424-441.e21. [PMID: 32234521 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
KRAS mutant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a desmoplastic response that promotes hypovascularity, immunosuppression, and resistance to chemo- and immunotherapies. We show that a combination of MEK and CDK4/6 inhibitors that target KRAS-directed oncogenic signaling can suppress PDAC proliferation through induction of retinoblastoma (RB) protein-mediated senescence. In preclinical mouse models of PDAC, this senescence-inducing therapy produces a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that includes pro-angiogenic factors that promote tumor vascularization, which in turn enhances drug delivery and efficacy of cytotoxic gemcitabine chemotherapy. In addition, SASP-mediated endothelial cell activation stimulates the accumulation of CD8+ T cells into otherwise immunologically "cold" tumors, sensitizing tumors to PD-1 checkpoint blockade. Therefore, in PDAC models, therapy-induced senescence can establish emergent susceptibilities to otherwise ineffective chemo- and immunotherapies through SASP-dependent effects on the tumor vasculature and immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Ruscetti
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John P Morris
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Riccardo Mezzadra
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - James Russell
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Josef Leibold
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Paul B Romesser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Janelle Simon
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amanda Kulick
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yu-Jui Ho
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Myles Fennell
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jinyang Li
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert J Norgard
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John E Wilkinson
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Direna Alonso-Curbelo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ramya Sridharan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daniel A Heller
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ben Z Stanger
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Charles J Sherr
- Department of Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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Frid P, Drake M, Giese AK, Wasselius J, Schirmer MD, Donahue KL, Cloonan L, Irie R, Bouts MJRJ, McIntosh EC, Mocking SJT, Dalca AV, Sridharan R, Xu H, Giralt-Steinhauer E, Holmegaard L, Jood K, Roquer J, Cole JW, McArdle PF, Broderick JP, Jimenez-Conde J, Jern C, Kissela BM, Kleindorfer DO, Lemmens R, Meschia JF, Rundek T, Sacco RL, Schmidt R, Sharma P, Slowik A, Thijs V, Woo D, Worrall BB, Kittner SJ, Mitchell BD, Petersson J, Rosand J, Golland P, Wu O, Rost NS, Lindgren A. Detailed phenotyping of posterior vs. anterior circulation ischemic stroke: a multi-center MRI study. J Neurol 2020; 267:649-658. [PMID: 31709475 PMCID: PMC7035231 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCiS) constitutes 20-30% of ischemic stroke cases. Detailed information about differences between PCiS and anterior circulation ischemic stroke (ACiS) remains scarce. Such information might guide clinical decision making and prevention strategies. We studied risk factors and ischemic stroke subtypes in PCiS vs. ACiS and lesion location on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in PCiS. METHODS Out of 3,301 MRIs from 12 sites in the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Stroke Genetics Network (SiGN), we included 2,381 cases with acute DWI lesions. The definition of ACiS or PCiS was based on lesion location. We compared the groups using Chi-squared and logistic regression. RESULTS PCiS occurred in 718 (30%) patients and ACiS in 1663 (70%). Diabetes and male sex were more common in PCiS vs. ACiS (diabetes 27% vs. 23%, p < 0.05; male sex 68% vs. 58%, p < 0.001). Both were independently associated with PCiS (diabetes, OR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.04-1.61; male sex, OR = 1.46; 95% CI 1.21-1.78). ACiS more commonly had large artery atherosclerosis (25% vs. 20%, p < 0.01) and cardioembolic mechanisms (17% vs. 11%, p < 0.001) compared to PCiS. Small artery occlusion was more common in PCiS vs. ACiS (20% vs. 14%, p < 0.001). Small artery occlusion accounted for 47% of solitary brainstem infarctions. CONCLUSION Ischemic stroke subtypes differ between the two phenotypes. Diabetes and male sex have a stronger association with PCiS than ACiS. Definitive MRI-based PCiS diagnosis aids etiological investigation and contributes additional insights into specific risk factors and mechanisms of injury in PCiS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrea Frid
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms gata 19, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Mattias Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - A K Giese
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Wasselius
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - M D Schirmer
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - K L Donahue
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Cloonan
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Irie
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - M J R J Bouts
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - E C McIntosh
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - S J T Mocking
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - A V Dalca
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - R Sridharan
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, USA
| | - H Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - E Giralt-Steinhauer
- Neurovascular Research Group (NEUVAS), Department of Neurology, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Holmegaard
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Jood
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Roquer
- Neurovascular Research Group (NEUVAS), Department of Neurology, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J W Cole
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P F McArdle
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J P Broderick
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J Jimenez-Conde
- Neurovascular Research Group (NEUVAS), Department of Neurology, IMIM-Hospital del Mar (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Jern
- Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - B M Kissela
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - D O Kleindorfer
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - R Lemmens
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - J F Meschia
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - T Rundek
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - R L Sacco
- Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - R Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - P Sharma
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Royal Holloway University of London (ICR2UL), Egham, UK
- Ashford and St Peter's Hospital, Ashford, UK
| | - A Slowik
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - V Thijs
- Stroke Division, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Heidelberg, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
| | - D Woo
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - B B Worrall
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - S J Kittner
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B D Mitchell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Geriatric Research and Education Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Petersson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - J Rosand
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Golland
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, USA
| | - O Wu
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - N S Rost
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Lindgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Ruscetti M, Morris JP, Mezzadra R, Russell J, Leibold J, Romesser PB, Simon J, Kulick A, Ho YJ, Fennell M, Li J, Norgard RJ, Wilkinson JE, Alonso-Curbelo D, Sridharan R, Li X, Heller D, Stanchina ED, Stanger BZ, Sherr CJ, Lowe SW. Abstract PR01: Senescence induction triggers vascular remodeling and new vulnerabilities to chemo- and immunotherapy in pancreas cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.panca19-pr01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: KRAS mutant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a desmoplastic response that promotes hypovascularity, poor drug delivery, immunosuppression, and de novo resistance to chemo- and immunotherapies. Recently, we demonstrated that a combination of MEK and CDK4/6 inhibitors can potently suppress PDAC tumor cell proliferation through induction of RB-mediated senescence and trigger a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) capable of remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) (Ruscetti et al., Science 2018). Here, we set out to explore how senescence induction could remodel the PDAC TME and alter the treatment landscape of this disease.
Methods: The Pdx1-Cre;LSL-KRASG12D;Trp53fl/wt (KPC) genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of PDAC, as well as immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice transplanted with PDAC organoids derived from this model, were treated for 2 weeks with the MEK inhibitor trametinib and CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Induction of senescence was determined by SA-β-gal staining, and secretion of SASP factors was determined by qPCR and cytokine array. The impact on vascularization and vascular function, as well as the immune system, was determined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis. shRNAs targeting the p65 subunit of NF-KB were used to assess the effect of SASP knockdown on treatment responses, and high doses of a VEGFR2 blocking antibody were used to assess the effects of inhibiting neovascularization on these SASP-dependent phenotypes. Trametinib and palbociclib treatment was combined with the chemotherapeutic agent gemcitabine or PD-1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapy to study the impact on tumor responses and long-term survival of PDAC tumor-bearing animals.
Results: We find that therapy-induced senescence following trametinib and palbociclib treatment produces a SASP rich in proangiogenic factors, culminating in increased vascular density and perfusion in hypovascular PDAC tumors. This SASP-dependent vascular remodeling leads to enhanced drug uptake of the chemotherapeutic agent gemcitabine, and combining our senescence-inducing therapy with gemcitabine drives tumor regressions and prolonged survival in gemcitabine-refractory PDAC GEMMs and PDXs. In addition, increased antigen presentation and SASP-mediated vascular remodeling upon treatment mediates CD8+ T cell accumulation and activation within the PDAC TME, sensitizing these tumors to PD-1 checkpoint blockade.
Conclusions: These results demonstrate that therapy-induced senescence can establish emergent susceptibilities to otherwise ineffective chemo- and immunotherapies in PDAC through SASP-dependent, non-cell autonomous effects on the tumor vasculature and immune system.
This abstract is also being presented as Poster A46.
Citation Format: Marcus Ruscetti, John P. Morris, IV, Riccardo Mezzadra, James Russell, Josef Leibold, Paul B. Romesser, Janelle Simon, Amanda Kulick, Yu-jui Ho, Myles Fennell, Jinyang Li, Robert J. Norgard, John E. Wilkinson, Direna Alonso-Curbelo, Ramya Sridharan, Xiang Li, Daniel Heller, Elisa de Stanchina, Ben Z. Stanger, Charles J. Sherr, Scott W. Lowe. Senescence induction triggers vascular remodeling and new vulnerabilities to chemo- and immunotherapy in pancreas cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PR01.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - James Russell
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Josef Leibold
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | | | - Janelle Simon
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Amanda Kulick
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Yu-jui Ho
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Myles Fennell
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Jinyang Li
- 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiang Li
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | - Daniel Heller
- 1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,
| | | | | | | | - Scott W. Lowe
- 5Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center/HHMI, New York, NY
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Abd Ghani F, Sridharan R, Mohd Zaki F, Md Zain RR, Ibrahim S. Dysplasia Epiphysealis Hemimelica (Trevor-Fairbank Disease): a Case Report. Hong Kong Journal of Radiology 2019. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1916913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Abd Ghani
- Department of Radiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia
| | - R Sridharan
- Department of Radiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia
| | - F Mohd Zaki
- Department of Radiology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia
| | - RR Md Zain
- Department of Pathology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia
| | - S Ibrahim
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia
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C.R. V, Sridharan R, Gunasekaran A, Ram Kumar P. Strategic capabilities for managing risks in supply chains: current state and research futurities. JAMR 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/jamr-04-2019-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the distinction and relationships between the significant strategic capabilities for managing risks in supply chains. This intersectional review exposes a substantial conceptual contradiction between the perspectives reported by various researchers. Further, the current paper classifies the literature into four categories according to the broad objectives investigated by the research papers.Design/methodology/approachInitially, a bibliometric analysis aligned with the concepts of a systematic literature review is conducted followed by a descriptive review focusing on models and methods. The software called BibExcel is utilized to extract and analyze the bibliographic information in a textual form from the research articles associated with strategic capabilities of the logistics sector. The results are exported to the software known as Gephi to visualize keyword co-occurrence analysis as networks. A well-structured descriptive review is also conducted to identify avenues for future research.FindingsDespite conventional supply chain capabilities like efficiency and effectiveness, eight significant strategic capabilities of supply chains for managing risks are identified from the literature. These capabilities with positive connotations include flexibility, reliability, resilience, robustness, agility, adaptability, alignment and responsiveness. Considering the vast literature on flexibility/reliability along with its numerous dimensions and scope, the authors found that resilience, robustness, agility, adaptability, alignment and effectiveness are achievable through flexibility/reliability. Accordingly, it is appropriate to state reliability and flexibility as supply chain capabilities to achieve the other six supply chain competencies. Furthermore, the entire literature in this domain can be classified into four genres according to the addressed objectives, namely, concept development/validation, capability assessment, network design and performance evaluation.Research limitations/implicationsThe information revealed from the keyword co-occurrence analysis along with the research implications provided in the penultimate section will assist budding researchers in framing novel and promising research objectives. Supply chain administrators and policymakers can utilize the literature classification and the notable references provided in this review for locating potential methods for assessing supply chain strategic capabilities, designing the supply chain and evaluating the performance of the supply chain.Originality/valueAn integrated bibliometric and descriptive literature review procedure is utilized in this paper. Furthermore, this critical review is the first work on comprehensively mapping the research relationships among various strategic capabilities required for mitigating supply chain risks.
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Padmasree S, Vaishnavi R, Sridharan R. OSC45: Comparative Evaluation of Physical Properties of Nanoparticle Incorporated Addition Silicone with Other Elastomeric Impression Materials. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2018; 18:S27-S28. [PMID: 30532436 PMCID: PMC6238430 DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.244637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Padmasree
- Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - R Vaishnavi
- Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - R Sridharan
- Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Chennai, India
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11
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Sridharan R, Shah J, Shamay Y, Heller D. Nano‐Targeted Kinase Inhibitor Treatment of KRAS Mutant Lung Cancer. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.801.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Sridharan
- PharmacologyWeill Cornell MedicalNew YorkNY
- Memorial Sloan KetteringNew YorkNY
| | | | | | - Daniel Heller
- PharmacologyWeill Cornell MedicalNew YorkNY
- Memorial Sloan KetteringNew YorkNY
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Shamay Y, Shah J, Işık M, Mizrachi A, Leibold J, Tschaharganeh DF, Roxbury D, Budhathoki-Uprety J, Nawaly K, Sugarman JL, Baut E, Neiman MR, Dacek M, Ganesh KS, Johnson DC, Sridharan R, Chu KL, Rajasekhar VK, Lowe SW, Chodera JD, Heller DA. Quantitative self-assembly prediction yields targeted nanomedicines. Nat Mater 2018; 17:361-368. [PMID: 29403054 PMCID: PMC5930166 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-017-0007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Development of targeted nanoparticle drug carriers often requires complex synthetic schemes involving both supramolecular self-assembly and chemical modification. These processes are generally difficult to predict, execute, and control. We describe herein a targeted drug delivery system that is accurately and quantitatively predicted to self-assemble into nanoparticles based on the molecular structures of precursor molecules, which are the drugs themselves. The drugs assemble with the aid of sulfated indocyanines into particles with ultrahigh drug loadings of up to 90%. We devised quantitative structure-nanoparticle assembly prediction (QSNAP) models to identify and validate electrotopological molecular descriptors as highly predictive indicators of nano-assembly and nanoparticle size. The resulting nanoparticles selectively targeted kinase inhibitors to caveolin-1-expressing human colon cancer and autochthonous liver cancer models to yield striking therapeutic effects while avoiding pERK inhibition in healthy skin. This finding enables the computational design of nanomedicines based on quantitative models for drug payload selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosi Shamay
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Janki Shah
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mehtap Işık
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aviram Mizrachi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Josef Leibold
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Darjus F Tschaharganeh
- Helmholtz-University Group "Cell Plasticity and Epigenetic Remodeling", German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) & Institute of Pathology University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Roxbury
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | | | - Karla Nawaly
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Emily Baut
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Megan Dacek
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kripa S Ganesh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Darren C Johnson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ramya Sridharan
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen L Chu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Scott W Lowe
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John D Chodera
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel A Heller
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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Panicker VV, Reddy MV, Sridharan R. Development of an ant colony optimisation-based heuristic for a location-routing problem in a two-stage supply chain. IJVCM 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijvcm.2018.091109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Reddy MV, Sridharan R, Panicker VV. Development of an ant colony optimisation-based heuristic for a location-routing problem in a two-stage supply chain. IJVCM 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijvcm.2018.10012222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Okondo MC, Johnson DC, Sridharan R, Go EB, Chui AJ, Wang MS, Poplawski SE, Wu W, Liu Y, Lai JH, Sanford DG, Arciprete MO, Golub TR, Bachovchin WW, Bachovchin DA. DPP8 and DPP9 inhibition induces pro-caspase-1-dependent monocyte and macrophage pyroptosis. Nat Chem Biol 2016; 13:46-53. [PMID: 27820798 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Val-boroPro (Talabostat, PT-100), a nonselective inhibitor of post-proline cleaving serine proteases, stimulates mammalian immune systems through an unknown mechanism of action. Despite this lack of mechanistic understanding, Val-boroPro has attracted substantial interest as a potential anticancer agent, reaching phase 3 trials in humans. Here we show that Val-boroPro stimulates the immune system by triggering a proinflammatory form of cell death in monocytes and macrophages known as pyroptosis. We demonstrate that the inhibition of two serine proteases, DPP8 and DPP9, activates the pro-protein form of caspase-1 independent of the inflammasome adaptor ASC. Activated pro-caspase-1 does not efficiently process itself or IL-1β but does cleave and activate gasdermin D to induce pyroptosis. Mice lacking caspase-1 do not show immune stimulation after treatment with Val-boroPro. Our data identify what is to our knowledge the first small molecule that induces pyroptosis and reveals a new checkpoint that controls the activation of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian C Okondo
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Darren C Johnson
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ramya Sridharan
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eun Bin Go
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ashley J Chui
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mitchell S Wang
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sarah E Poplawski
- Department of Developmental, Chemical &Molecular Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wengen Wu
- Department of Developmental, Chemical &Molecular Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Department of Developmental, Chemical &Molecular Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jack H Lai
- Department of Developmental, Chemical &Molecular Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David G Sanford
- Department of Developmental, Chemical &Molecular Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael O Arciprete
- Department of Developmental, Chemical &Molecular Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Todd R Golub
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - William W Bachovchin
- Department of Developmental, Chemical &Molecular Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Arisaph Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel A Bachovchin
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York, USA
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Abstract
Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to advance enviropreneurial orientation (EO) as a new internal driver for green supply chain practice adoption. Because manufacturing supply chains are major contributors to environmental pollution, green practice adoption is a means of reducing environmental pollution. However, why owner/managers adopt green practices remains uncertain. The concept of EO is a potential and important motivation for adoption of green supply chain practices that has yet to be explored. The study investigates the relationship between EO and green supply chain practice adoption.
Design/methodology/approach
– Cross-sectional survey design was employed to collect data from owners/managers of SME manufacturing firms in Uganda. The structural equation modelling was used to analyse results on the influence of each of nine EO on green supply chain practice adoption and the influence of EO dimensions on green supply chain practice adoption.
Findings
– Findings show that EO positively influences green supply chain practice adoption. All but two of nine dimensions of EO were significant predictors of green supply chain practice adoption. Competitive aggressiveness and perceived pressure from environmental regulations were not significant predictors for green supply chain practice adoption.
Research limitations/implications
– The study was cross-sectional. A longitudinal survey was more appropriate because of the presence of a behavioural variable green supply chain practice adoption. Further a comparative study is required because of the existence of differences in classifications of SMEs in both the developing and developed countries.
Originality/value
– The research contributes to further scholarly understanding of green practice adoption in SMEs through offering a new construct, EO, and its role in influencing green supply chain practice adoption. The authors develop EO as a construct, a concept that has not been developed for more than two decades.
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Golden M, Legg D, Milne D, Bharadwaj M. A, Deepthi K, Gopal M, Dokka N, Nambiar S, Ramachandra P, Santhosh U, Sharma P, Sridharan R, Sulur M, Linderberg M, Nilsson A, Sohlberg R, Kremers J, Oliver S, Patra D. The Development of a Manufacturing Route to an MCHr1 Antagonist. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Golden
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, U.K
| | - Danny Legg
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, U.K
| | - David Milne
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, U.K
| | - Arun Bharadwaj M.
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | - K. Deepthi
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Madan Gopal
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Nagaraju Dokka
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Sudhir Nambiar
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Puranik Ramachandra
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | - U. Santhosh
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Parhalad Sharma
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | - R. Sridharan
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Manjunatha Sulur
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca India, Hebbal, Bellary Road, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | | | - John Kremers
- Process R&D, Albany Molecular Research (U.K.) Ltd., Mostyn Road, Holywell, Flintshire CH8 9DN, U.K
| | - Samuel Oliver
- Process R&D, Albany Molecular Research (U.K.) Ltd., Mostyn Road, Holywell, Flintshire CH8 9DN, U.K
| | - Debasis Patra
- Process R&D, Albany Molecular Research, Inc., 26 Corporate Circle, P.O. Box 15098, Albany, New York 12203, United States
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19
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Sridharan R, Panicker VV, Vamshidhar Reddy M. Ant colony optimisation algorithm for location routing decisions in a supply chain. IJVCM 2016. [DOI: 10.1504/ijvcm.2016.10001415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Sridharan R, Yunos SM, Aziz S, Hussain RI, Alhabshi SM, Suria Hayati MP, Saladina JJ, Zulfiqar MA. Comparison on the use of semi-automated and automated core biopsy needle in ultrasound guided breast biopsy. Med J Malaysia 2015; 70:326-333. [PMID: 26988204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the use of semi-automated (Medax Velox 2; Poggio Rusco, Italy) and automated (Bard Magnum Biopsy Instrument; Covington, GA, USA) core biopsy needles, for ultrasound guided breast biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 14G semi-automatic spring loaded core biopsy needle with a 22-mm-throw (Medax Velox 2; Poggio Rusco, Italy) and 14-gauge automated needle device with a 22-mm-throw biopsy gun (Bard-Magnum Biopsy Instrument, Covington, GA, USA) were used for breast biopsies under ultrasound guidance on alternate months during the study period between July 2009 and May 2011. One hundred and sixty lesions were biopsied and specimens were sent for histological evaluation. RESULTS The automated needle obtained a higher number of histology reports at 84% (67/80) as compared with the semiautomated needle at 60% (48/80) (Fisher exact test, p value=0.023). Inadequate samples with the automated needle were much less at 9% (7/60) than with the semiautomated needle at 23% (18/60) (Fisher exact test, p value=0.028). The semi-automated needle showed slightly less fragmented samples. However, the number of fragmented samples with definitive diagnosis was slightly higher with the automated compared with the semiautomated needle, at 16% (13/80) and 13% (10/80) respectively. Compared with histology of 29 lesions that were excised, the semi-automated needle had higher sensitivity (100%) but lower specificity (75%) and accuracy (90%) compared with the automated needle (88% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 95% accuracy). CONCLUSION Definitive diagnosis from the study samples slightly favours the use of automated core biopsy needle as compared to semi-automated core biopsy needle.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sridharan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - S M Yunos
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Aziz
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R I Hussain
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S M Alhabshi
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M P Suria Hayati
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J J Saladina
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M A Zulfiqar
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Abdullah N, Sridharan R, Saeid A, Rose IM, Annuar ZM. Popcorn-like Calcification in the Breast: More Than Meets the Eye? Hong Kong J Radiol 2015. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1514274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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22
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Santhosh U, Kshirsagar YM, Venkatesan K, Hazra D, Kindel J, Sridharan R, Ennis D, Howells GE, Stefinovic M, Manjunatha SG, Nambiar S. Development of a Safe, Scalable Process for the Preparation of an Oxaisoxazolidinone. Org Process Res Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/op500063g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Santhosh
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca India Private Ltd., Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India 560 024
| | - Yogesh M. Kshirsagar
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca India Private Ltd., Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India 560 024
| | - K. Venkatesan
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca India Private Ltd., Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India 560 024
| | - Debasis Hazra
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca India Private Ltd., Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India 560 024
| | - Jnaneshwara Kindel
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca India Private Ltd., Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India 560 024
| | - R. Sridharan
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca India Private Ltd., Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India 560 024
| | - David Ennis
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road
Business Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Garnet E. Howells
- Global Medicines
Development, AstraZeneca, 1143B, Building
200, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | | | - Sulur G. Manjunatha
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca India Private Ltd., Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India 560 024
| | - Sudhir Nambiar
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca India Private Ltd., Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore, India 560 024
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Sivaraman B, Nair B, Raja Sekhar B, Lo JI, Sridharan R, Cheng BM, Mason N. Vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption of pure solid ozone and its implication on the identification of ozone on Moon. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sridharan R, Maduskie V, Fawcett P. Identifying cytokines associated with acute and chronic Lyme arthritis (835.6). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.835.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Maduskie
- Immunology Laboratory Nemours/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for ChildrenWilmingtonDEUnited States
| | - Paul Fawcett
- Immunology Laboratory Nemours/Alfred I. DuPont Hospital for ChildrenWilmingtonDEUnited States
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Pavithran R, Varaprasad G, Sridharan R, Unnithan AB. An Empirical Investigation of Mobile Banking Adoption in Developing Countries. International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems 2014. [DOI: 10.4018/ijeis.2014010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mobile phone has become an integral part of our lives. The penetration rate of mobile phones in the developing countries has increased abruptly and this is a good sign for the banking sector. Mobile banking is the most recently launched innovative feat in the banking sector. The unique ability of mobile banking to perform banking transactions irrespective of place and time has given a competitive edge over traditional banking. Even though, all circumstances are in favour of mobile banking, it has failed to take off in most of the developing countries. Hence, the main objective of the study is to find out the constructs which affect the adoption of mobile banking in India. A model has been proposed with the factors namely perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, self-efficacy, perceived risk, perceived enjoyment, relative advantage, compatibility, trust, social influence and personal innovativeness. The proposed model has been tested using various statistical analyses and the findings of this study reveal that relative advantage has the strongest relationship with the intention to use mobile banking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Pavithran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toc H Institute of Science and Technology, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
| | - G. Varaprasad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - R. Sridharan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Raj MK, Rao HSP, Manjunatha SG, Sridharan R, Nambiar S, Keshwan J, Rappai J, Bhagat S, Shwetha B, Hegde D, Santhosh U. Corrigendum to “A mechanistic investigation of Biginelli reaction under base catalysis” [Tetrahedron Lett. 52 (2011) 3605–3609]. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kamal Raj M, Rao HSP, Manjunatha SG, Sridharan R, Nambiar S, Keshwan J, Rappai J, Bhagat S, Shwetha B, Hegde D, Santhosh U. A mechanistic investigation of Biginelli reaction under base catalysis. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Vinod V, Sridharan R. Development and analysis of scheduling decision rules for a dynamic flexible job shop production system: a simulation study. IJBPM 2009. [DOI: 10.1504/ijbpm.2009.023800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kishorekumar A, Jaleel CA, Manivannan P, Sankar B, Sridharan R, Murali PV, Panneerselvam R. Comparative effects of different triazole compounds on antioxidant metabolism of Solenostemon rotundifolius. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 62:307-11. [PMID: 18065211 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 10/20/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of different triazole compounds, viz., triadimefon (TDM) and hexaconazole (HEX) treatments on the antioxidant metabolism of Solenostemon rotundifolius Poir., Morton plants was investigated in the present study under pot culture. Plants were treated with TDM at 15 mg l(-1) and HEX at 10 mg l(-1) separately by soil drenching on 80, 110 and 140 days after planting (DAP). The plants were harvested randomly on 90, 120 and 150 DAP for determining the effect of both the triazoles on non-enzymatic antioxidant contents like ascorbic acid (AA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and alpha-tocopherol (alpha-toc), activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). All the analyses were made in leaf, stem and tubers of both control and treated plants. It was found that both these triazole compounds have profound effects on the antioxidant metabolism and caused an enhancement in both non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant potentials under treatments. These results suggest that, the application of triazoles may be a useful tool to increase the antioxidant production in S. rotundifolius and thereby make it an economical food crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kishorekumar
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Jaleel CA, Gopi R, Manivannan P, Gomathinayagam M, Sridharan R, Panneerselvam R. Antioxidant potential and indole alkaloid profile variations with water deficits along different parts of two varieties of Catharanthus roseus. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 62:312-8. [PMID: 18068339 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Revised: 10/21/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The variations in antioxidant potentials and indole alkaloid content were studied in the present investigation, in two varieties (rosea and alba) of Catharanthus roseus, an important herb used in traditional as well as modern medicine, exposed to water deficit stress. The antioxidant and alkaloid profiles were estimated from root, stem, leaf, flowers and pods. The antioxidant potentials were examined in terms of non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules and activities of antioxidant enzymes. The non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules studied were ascorbic acid (AA), alpha-tocopherol (alpha-toc) and reduced glutathione (GSH). The estimated antioxidant enzymes were superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO). The antioxidant concentrations and activities of antioxidant enzymes were high under water deficit stress in all parts of the plants. Indole alkaloid content was high in the roots of rosea variety in response to stress when compared to alba variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Abdul Jaleel
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Kishorekumar A, Jaleel CA, Manivannan P, Sankar B, Sridharan R, Panneerselvam R. Comparative effects of different triazole compounds on growth, photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrate metabolism of Solenostemon rotundifolius. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 60:207-12. [PMID: 17669636 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2007] [Revised: 06/06/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of two triazole compounds, triadimefon and hexaconazole, on the growth and carbohydrate metabolism were studied in Solenostemon rotundifolius Poir., Morton plants under pot culture. Plants were treated with triadimefon at 15mg l(-1) and hexaconazole at 10mg l(-1) separately by soil drenching on 80, 110 and 140 days after planting (DAP). The plants were harvested randomly and growth parameters were studied on 90, 120 and 150 DAP for determining the effect of both the triazole on growth and chlorophyll pigments. These triazole compounds increased the chlorophyll pigments. However, both the treatments decreased the fresh and dry weights of shoot and leaf area. Both these triazole resulted in a marginal increase in starch content and decreased the sugar contents. The carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes alpha- and beta-amylase activities were reduced and invertase activity increased in S. rotundifolius under triadimefon and hexaconazole treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kishorekumar
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
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Panneerselvam R, Abdul Jaleel C, Somasundaram R, Sridharan R, Gomathinayagam M. Carbohydrate metabolism in Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burk. tubers and Curcuma longa L. rhizomes during two phases of dormancy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 59:59-66. [PMID: 17531451 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2007] [Revised: 04/06/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the changes in carbohydrate metabolism in food yam (Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burk.) tubers and in an economically important spice cum medicinal plant turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizomes under storage. Both specimens showed varied levels of dormancy and sprouting appeared at the end of dormant period. Harvested, fully matured tubers of yam and rhizomes of turmeric were stored in wooden boxes under the conditions of 28+/-2 degrees C temperature and 65-75% relative humidity (RH) in dark. The starch, sugars, enzymes of starch degradation, respiration, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) were studied during 1-70 days after harvest (DAH). This investigation revealed that, the starch degradation and the enzymes involved, viz. alpha-amylases and starch phosphorylase showed a lower level of activity during early period of dormancy, while sugar content and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism increased rapidly during sprouting. The isoenzymic profiles of alpha-amylases showed marked variations in these two phases. The key enzymes of glycolysis, TCA cycle and PPP, viz. aldolase, succinic dehydrogenase, malic dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase were increased even before the visible appearance of sprouting and their activities were at their maximum during sprouting. Based of the observations the dormancy period may be distinctly divided into peak period of rest and presprouting period.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Panneerselvam
- Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Manivannan P, Abdul Jaleel C, Kishorekumar A, Sankar B, Somasundaram R, Sridharan R, Panneerselvam R. Changes in antioxidant metabolism of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. by propiconazole under water deficit stress. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 57:69-74. [PMID: 17296289 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a pot culture experiment was conducted to estimate the ameliorating effect of propiconazole (PCZ) on drought stress in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) plants. From 30 days after sowing (DAS), the plants were subjected to 3, 6 and 9 days interval drought (DID) stress and drought stress with PCZ at 15 and 15 mg l(-1) PCZ alone and 1 day interval irrigation was kept as control. The plant samples were collected on 34 DAS (3 DID), 37 DAS (6 DID) and 40 DAS (9 DID). The plants were separated into root, stem and leaf for estimating the antioxidant contents and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Individual and combined drought stress and PCZ treatments increased ascorbic acid (AA), alpha-tocopherol (alpha-toc) contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities when compared to control. The PCZ treatment mitigated the adverse effects of drought stress by increasing the antioxidant potentials and thereby paved the way for overcoming drought stress in V. unguiculata plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Manivannan
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
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Vijai J, Kapoor A, Ravishankar HM, Cherian PJ, Kuruttukulam G, Rajendran B, Sridharan R, Rangan G, Girija AS, Jayalakshmi S, Mohandas S, Mani KS, Radhakrishnan K, Anand A. Protective and susceptibility effects of hSKCa3 allelic variants on juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. J Med Genet 2006; 42:439-42. [PMID: 15863675 PMCID: PMC1736047 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.023812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sridharan R, De Levie R. Stochastic effects in the formation of condensed thymine films at the water-mercury interface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100220a009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the prevalence of epilepsy in India by meta-analysis of previously published and unpublished studies and to determine patterns of epilepsy by using community-based studies. METHODS We attempted to identify as many previously published and unpublished studies as possible on the prevalence of epilepsy in India. The studies were assessed with regard to methods and definitions. The prevalence rates for rural and urban populations and for men and women were calculated with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The studies that provided details on age structure, age-specific rates, and patterns of epilepsy were chosen for meta-analysis. Both crude values and age-standardized prevalence rates were calculated after accounting for heterogeneity. RESULTS Twenty studies were found involving a sample population of 598,910, among whom 3,207 had epilepsy. This resulted in a crude prevalence of 5.35/1,000. After a correction for heterogeneity due to interstudy variation, the overall prevalence per 1,000 (and its 95% CI) was 5.33 (4.25-6.41); with urban areas at 5.11 (3.49-6.73); rural areas, 5.47 (4.04-6.9); men, 5.88 (3.89-7.87); and women 5.51 (3.49-7.53). After correction for the variability in estimates of heterogeneity, age-standardized rates (from five studies) revealed that the prevalence rates per 1,000 (and the 95% CI), were as follows: overall, 5.59 (4.15-7.03); men, 6.05 (3.79-8.31); women, 5.18 (3.04-7.32); urban, 6.34 (3.43-9.25); rural, 4.94 (3.12-6.76). Urban men and women had a higher prevalence of epilepsy compared with rural ones, however the difference was not statistically significant. Age-specific prevalence rates were higher in the younger age group, with the onset of epilepsy reported mostly in the first three decades of the sample population's lives. The treatment gap (i.e., the percentage of those with epilepsy who were receiving no or inadequate treatment) was more than 70% in the rural areas. CONCLUSIONS Based on the total projected population of India in the year 2001, the estimated number of people with epilepsy would be 5.5 million. Based on a single study on the incidence of epilepsy, the number of new cases of epilepsy each year would be close to half a million. Because rural population constitutes 74% of the Indian population, the number of people with epilepsy in rural areas will be approximately 4.1 million, three fourths of whom will not be getting any specific treatment as per the present standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sridharan
- Apollo Hospitals, Institute for Research in Medical Statistics, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, Madras
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Mahendran KH, Sridharan R, Gnanasekaran T, Periaswami G. A Meter for Measuring Hydrogen Concentration in Argon Cover Gas of Sodium Circuits: Design and Development. Ind Eng Chem Res 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ie970508j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. H. Mahendran
- Materials Chemistry Division, Chemical Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R. Sridharan
- Materials Chemistry Division, Chemical Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102, Tamilnadu, India
| | - T. Gnanasekaran
- Materials Chemistry Division, Chemical Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102, Tamilnadu, India
| | - G. Periaswami
- Materials Chemistry Division, Chemical Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102, Tamilnadu, India
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Sridharan R, Narayanan R, Modi NK, Raju DP. Novel mask design for multiwavelength dayglow photometry. Appl Opt 1993; 32:4178-4180. [PMID: 20830063 DOI: 10.1364/ao.32.004178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present and discuss a novel mask design that provides multiwavelength measurement capability for the dayglow photometer.
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Abstract
The conformational preference of A and B rings in four differently functionalized bromosubstituted 4-en-3-one steroids is studied by concerted application of high-resolution one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, such as homonuclear and heteronuclear correlated spectroscopy, transient and steady-state nOe spectroscopy, temperature-dependent chemical chemical shift variation, and application of a modified Karplus equation. The steroids studied include 6 beta-bromocholest-4-en-3-one (3), 4,6 beta-dibromocholest-1,4-dien-3-one (2), 2 alpha,4,6 beta-tribromocholest-4-en-3-one (1), and (25R)-2 alpha,6 beta-dibromospirost-4-en-3-one (4). Steroids 1-4 were prepared by either acid-catalyzed or free-radical bromination from appropriate 4-en-3-one steroid. The study has yielded an insight into the factors responsible for conformational preferences of the A and B rings of these bromosubstituted steroids. Bromosubstitution at the 2 alpha position is responsible for the inversion of the A ring to inverted 1 beta,2 alpha-halfchair conformation. The electronic interaction between 4-bromine and carbonyl oxygen distorts the A-ring conformation further. Inversion of the A ring has a concomitant effect of distortion in the chair form of the B ring. Conformational preferences of A and B rings are not found to be influenced by transmission effect of a side chain or oxygenated ring system. Temperature-dependent NMR studies indicate the reduced conformational flexibility of the A ring for 2 alpha-bromosubstituted steroids. Complete assignment of the 13C and 1H resonances of two of the steroids studied (3 and 4) is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sridharan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Bombay
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Gurubaran S, Sridharan R. Effect of meridional winds and neutral temperatures on theFlayer heights over low latitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/92ja02029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sridharan R, Narayanan R, Modi NK. Improved chopper mask for the dayglow photometer. Appl Opt 1992; 31:425-426. [PMID: 20720623 DOI: 10.1364/ao.31.000425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Abstract
Case control analysis of 204 patients with acute ischemic stroke revealed the matched pair odds ratio (and 95% confidence limits) for hypertension, ECG abnormality, heart disease of any type, diabetes, smoking and alcohol intake to be 3.95 (2.5, 6.2), 2.1 (1.4, 3.1), 2.1 (1.4, 3.2), 1.7 (1.1, 2.6), 1.8 (1.1, 2.8) and 1.5 (0.86, 2.6), respectively. Except alcohol intake, the other factors were statistically significant. Hemoglobin, packed cell volume (hematocrit), serum cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were not found to be significant. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and uric acid were significantly lower and the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol (TC/HDL) was higher among stroke patients. The risk was considerably higher when there was any combination of hypertension, heart disease and HDL cholesterol level lower than 45 mg/dl. Logistic regression revealed hypertension, heart disease of any type, lower HDL cholesterol and uric acid and higher ratio of TC/HDL to be significant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sridharan
- Department of Neurology, Apollo Hospitals, Madras, India
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Narayanan R, Desai JN, Modi NK, Raghavarao R, Sridharan R. Dayglow photometry: a new approach. Appl Opt 1989; 28:2138-2142. [PMID: 20555480 DOI: 10.1364/ao.28.002138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A unique photometer capable of measuring line intensities of <0.1% of the bright background continuum (5 x 10(6)/A) has been developed and successfully commissioned for the measurement of daytime OI 630.0-nm emission from the thermosphere. The photometer employs a low resolution (10(4)) Fabry-Perot etalon, temperature tuned narrowband (3-A) interference filter, radial chopper, and up/down counting system. The optimum choice of the photometer parameters and a unique method of eliminating the background enabled us to overcome the limitations of the earlier attempts to make measurements on such phenomena as dayglow and has opened up a wide range of uses. However, at present, it is being discussed only in the context of dayglow measurements.
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Sridharan R, Radhakrishnan K, Ashok PP, Mousa ME. Clinical and epidemiological study of Bell's palsy in Benghazi, Libya. Afr J Med Med Sci 1988; 17:141-4. [PMID: 2845752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An intensive search for 2 years for patients with Bell's palsy, conducted through the polyclinics, university hospitals and physiotherapy centres in Benghazi, revealed a total of 242 cases. The average annual incidence per 100,000 population was 23.35 and the age-adjusted incidence 35.72. The incidence increased with age up to the sixth decade. Seasonal clustering was noted in the months of December and January. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were associated in 4.1% and 7% of patients, respectively. Only four patients presented during pregnancy. Recurrent facial paralysis was encountered in 5.4% of patients and was characterized by male preponderance and a tendency to recur more frequently on the same side as the initial paralysis. Familial incidence and bilateral involvement were rare features. Twelve per cent of patients who were followed up had moderate to severe residual weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sridharan
- Department of Neurology, Seventh April Hospital, Medical University, Benghazi, Libya
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