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Gul MZ, Chandrasekaran S, Manjulatha K, Bhat MY, Maurya R, Qureshi IA, Ghazi IA. Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-inducing Effects of Abrus precatorius Against Human Monocytic Leukaemia (THP-1) Cell Line. Indian J Pharm Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Gul MZ, Bhat MY, Maurya R, Qureshi IA, Ghazi IA. In vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Artemisia nilagirica Extracts. Indian J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Patel OPS, Mishra A, Maurya R, Saini D, Pandey J, Taneja I, Raju KSR, Kanojiya S, Shukla SK, Srivastava MN, Wahajuddin M, Tamrakar AK, Srivastava AK, Yadav PP. Naturally Occurring Carbazole Alkaloids from Murraya koenigii as Potential Antidiabetic Agents. J Nat Prod 2016; 79:1276-1284. [PMID: 27136692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study identified koenidine (4) as a metabolically stable antidiabetic compound, when evaluated in a rodent type 2 model (leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice), and showed a considerable reduction in the postprandial blood glucose profile with an improvement in insulin sensitivity. Biological studies were directed from the preliminary in vitro evaluation of the effects of isolated carbazole alkaloids (1-6) on glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation in L6-GLUT4myc myotubes, followed by an investigation of their activity (2-5) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The effect of koenidine (4) on GLUT4 translocation was mediated by the AKT-dependent signaling pathway in L6-GLUT4myc myotubes. Moreover, in vivo pharmacokinetic studies of compounds 2 and 4 clearly showed that compound 4 was 2.7 times more bioavailable than compound 2, resulting in a superior in vivo efficacy. Therefore, these studies suggested that koenidine (4) may serve as a promising lead natural scaffold for managing insulin resistance and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om P S Patel
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Akansha Mishra
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ranjani Maurya
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Deepika Saini
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jyotsana Pandey
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Isha Taneja
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Kanumuri S R Raju
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sanjeev Kanojiya
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sanjeev K Shukla
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mahendra N Srivastava
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - M Wahajuddin
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Akhilesh K Tamrakar
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Arvind K Srivastava
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Prem P Yadav
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Biochemistry, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, and ⊥Division of Botany, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
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Pandey J, Maurya R, Raykhera R, Srivastava MN, Yadav PP, Tamrakar AK. Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. ameliorates insulin resistance in dexamethasone-treated mice by enhancing peripheral insulin sensitivity. J Sci Food Agric 2014; 94:2282-2288. [PMID: 24395372 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. is an important medicinal plant used traditionally as an antiemetic, antidiarrhoeal agent and blood purifier and as a medicine for a variety of ailments. This study investigated the effects of ethanolic extract of M. koenigii (MK) on diabetes-associated insulin resistance induced in mice by chronic low-dose injection of dexamethasone. RESULTS Mice treated with dexamethasone exhibited hyperglycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance. Treatment with MK reduced the extent of dexamethasone-induced hyperglycaemia and decreased insulin resistance as indicated by improved glucose tolerance and increased insulin-stimulated AKT phosphorylation in skeletal muscle tissue. Further evaluation in clonal skeletal muscle cell lines suggested that MK increased glucose uptake in L6 skeletal muscle cells by increasing cell surface GLUT4 density via an AKT-mediated pathway. CONCLUSION MK can ameliorate dexamethasone-induced hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance in part by increasing glucose disposal into skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsana Pandey
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India
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Kureel J, Dixit M, Tyagi AM, Mansoori MN, Srivastava K, Raghuvanshi A, Maurya R, Trivedi R, Goel A, Singh D. miR-542-3p suppresses osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation, targets BMP-7 signaling and inhibits bone formation. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1050. [PMID: 24503542 PMCID: PMC3944264 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that interfere with translation of specific target mRNAs and thereby regulate diverse biological processes. Recent studies have suggested that miRNAs might have a role in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Here, we show that miR-542-3p, a well-characterized tumor suppressor whose downregulation is tightly associated with tumor progression via C-src-related oncogenic pathways, inhibits osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. miRNA array profiling in Medicarpin (a pterocarpan with proven bone-forming effects) induced mice calvarial osteoblast cells and further validation by quantitative real-time PCR revealed that miR-542-3p was downregulated during osteoblast differentiation. Over-expression of miR-542-3p inhibited osteoblast differentiation, whereas inhibition of miR-542-3p function by anti-miR-542-3p promoted expression of osteoblast-specific genes, alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization. Target prediction analysis tools and experimental validation by luciferase 3′ UTR reporter assay identified BMP-7 (bone morphogenetic protein 7) as a direct target of miR-542-3p. It was seen that over-expression of miR-542-3p leads to repression of BMP-7 and inhibition of BMP-7/PI3K- survivin signaling. This strongly suggests that miR-542-3p suppresses osteogenic differentiation and promotes osteoblast apoptosis by repressing BMP-7 and its downstream signaling. Furthermore, silencing of miR-542-3p led to increased bone formation, bone strength and improved trabecular microarchitecture in sham and ovariectomized (Ovx) mice. Although miR-542-3p is known to be a tumor repressor, we have identified second complementary function of miR-542-3p where it inhibits BMP-7-mediated osteogenesis. Our findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of miR-542-3p by anti-miR-542-3p could represent a therapeutic strategy for enhancing bone formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kureel
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - M Dixit
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - A M Tyagi
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - M N Mansoori
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - K Srivastava
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - A Raghuvanshi
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, India
| | - R Maurya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, India
| | - R Trivedi
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
| | - A Goel
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, India
| | - D Singh
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), Lucknow, India
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Khan MP, Mishra JS, Sharan K, Yadav M, Singh AK, Srivastava A, Kumar S, Bhaduaria S, Maurya R, Sanyal S, Chattopadhyay N. A novel flavonoid C-glucoside from Ulmus wallichiana preserves bone mineral density, microarchitecture and biomechanical properties in the presence of glucocorticoid by promoting osteoblast survival: a comparative study with human parathyroid hormone. Phytomedicine 2013; 20:1256-66. [PMID: 23928508 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE 6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S)-(+)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxydihydroflavonol (GTDF) is a novel compound isolated from Ulmus wallichiana, reported to have bone anabolic action in ovariectomized rats. Here, we studied the effect of GTDF in glucocorticoid (GC)-induced bone loss and its mode of action. METHODS Osteoblasts were cultured from rat calvaria or bone marrow to study apoptosis and differentiation by dexamethasone (Dex), methylprednisolone (MP), GTDF, quercetin and rutin. Female Sprague Dawley rats were treated with Dex or MP with or without GTDF or PTH. Efficacy was evaluated by bone microarchitecture using microcomputed tomography, determination of new bone formation by fluorescent labeling of bone and osteoblast apoptosis by co-labeling bone sections with Runx-2 and TUNEL. Serum osteocalcin was determined by ELISA. RESULTS GTDF preserved trabecular and cortical bones in the presence of Dex and MP and mitigated the MP-mediated suppression of serum osteocalcin. Co-administration of GTDF to MP rats increased mineral apposition, bone formation rates, bone biomechanical strength, reduced osteoblast apoptosis and increased osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells compared to MP group, suggesting in vivo osteogenic effect of GTDF. These effects of GTDF were to a great extent comparable to PTH. GTDF prevented GC-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting p53 expression and acetylation, and activation of AKT but did not influence transactivation of GC receptor (GR). CONCLUSIONS GTDF protects against GC-induced bone loss by promoting osteoblast survival through p53 inhibition and activation of AKT pathways but not as a GR antagonist. GTDF has the potential in the management of GC-induced osteopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226021, India; Center for Research on Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226021, India; Center for Drug Discovery and Development in Reproductive Health (CDDDRH), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226021, India
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Srivastava K, Tyagi AM, Khan K, Dixit M, Lahiri S, Kumar A, Changkija B, Khan MP, Nagar GK, Yadav DK, Maurya R, Singh SP, Jain GK, Trivedi R, Chattopadhyay N, Singh D. Isoformononetin, a methoxydaidzein present in medicinal plants, reverses bone loss in osteopenic rats and exerts bone anabolic action by preventing osteoblast apoptosis. Phytomedicine 2013; 20:470-480. [PMID: 23395215 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Daidzein (Daid) has been implicated in bone health for its estrogen-'like' effects but low bioavailability, unfavorable metabolism and uterine estrogenicity impede its clinical potential. This study was aimed at assessing isoformononetin (Isoformo), a naturally occurring methoxydaidzein, for bone anabolic effect by overcoming the pitfalls associated with Daid. METHODS Sprague-Dawley ovariectomized (OVx) rats with established osteopenia were administered Isoformo, 17β-oestradiol (E2) or human parathyroid hormone. Efficacy was evaluated by bone microarchitecture using microcomputed tomography and determination of new bone formation by fluorescent labeling of bone. Osteoblast apoptosis was measured by co-labeling of bone sections with Runx-2 and TUNEL. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism were measured by ELISA. Plasma and bone marrow levels of Isoformo and Daid were determined by LC-MS-MS. Rat bone marrow stromal cells were harvested to study osteoblastic differentiation by Isoformo and Daid. New born rat pups were injected with Isoformo and Daid to study the effect of the compounds on the expression of osteogenic genes in the calvaria by real time PCR. RESULTS In osteopenic rats, Isoformo treatment restored trabecular microarchitecture, increased new bone formation, increased the serum osteogenic marker (procollagen N-terminal propeptide), decreased resorptive marker (urinary C-terminal teleopeptide of type I collagen) and diminished osteoblast apoptosis in bone. At the most effective osteogenic dose of Isoformo, plasma and bone marrow levels were comprised of ~90% Isoformo and the rest, Daid. Isoformo at the concentration reaching the bone marrow achieved out of its most effective oral dosing induced stromal cell mineralization and osteogenic gene expression in the calvaria of neonatal rats. Isoformo exhibited uterine safety. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that Isoformo reverses established osteopenia in adult OVx rats likely via its pro-survival effect on osteoblasts. Given its bone anabolic and anti-catabolic effects accompanied with safety at uterine level we propose its potential in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Srivastava
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil, Lucknow, India
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Khan K, Sharan K, Swarnkar G, Chakravarti B, Mittal M, Barbhuyan TK, China SP, Khan MP, Nagar GK, Yadav D, Dixit P, Maurya R, Chattopadhyay N. Positive skeletal effects of cladrin, a naturally occurring dimethoxydaidzein, in osteopenic rats that were maintained after treatment discontinuation. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:1455-70. [PMID: 22932734 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-2121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Effects of cladrin treatment and withdrawal in osteopenic rats were studied. Cladrin improved trabecular microarchitecture, increased lumbar vertebral compressive strength, augmented coupled remodeling, and increased bone osteogenic genes. A significant skeletal gain was maintained 4 weeks after cladrin withdrawal. Findings suggest that cladrin has significant positive skeletal effects. INTRODUCTION We showed that a standardized extract of Butea monosperma preserved trabecular bone mass in ovariectomized (OVx) rats. Cladrin, the most abundant bioactive compound of the extract, promoted peak bone mass achievement in growing rats by stimulating osteoblast function. Here, we studied the effects of cladrin treatment and withdrawal on the osteopenic bones. METHODS Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were OVx and left untreated for 12 weeks to allow for significant estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss, at which point cladrin (1 and 10 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for another 12 weeks. Half of the rats were killed at the end of the treatments and the other half at 4 weeks after treatment withdrawal. Sham-operated rats and OVx rats treated with PTH or 17β-estradiol (E2) served as various controls. Efficacy was evaluated by bone microarchitecture using microcomputed tomographic analysis and fluorescent labeling of bone. qPCR and western blotting measured mRNA and protein levels in bone and uterus. Specific ELISA was used for measuring levels of serum PINP and urinary CTx. RESULTS In osteopenic rats, cladrin treatment dose dependently improved trabecular microarchitecture, increased lumbar vertebral compression strength, bone formation rate (BFR), cortical thickness (Cs.Th), serum PINP levels, and expression of osteogenic genes in bones; and reduced expression of bone osteoclastogenic genes and urinary CTx levels. Cladrin had no uterine estrogenicity. Cladrin at 10 mg/kg maintained acquired skeletal gains 4 weeks after withdrawal. CONCLUSION Cladrin had positive skeletal effects in osteopenic rats that were maintained after treatment withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, India
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Maurya R, Soni A, Anand D, Ravi M, Raju KSR, Taneja I, Naikade NK, Puri SK, Wahajuddin, Kanojiya S, Yadav PP. Synthesis and antimalarial activity of 3,3-spiroanellated 5,6-disubstituted 1,2,4-trioxanes. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:165-9. [PMID: 24900640 DOI: 10.1021/ml300188t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel 3,3-spiroanellated 5-aryl, 6-arylvinyl-substituted 1,2,4-trioxanes 19-34 have been synthesized and appraised for their antimalarial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis in Swiss mice by oral route at doses ranging from 96 mg/kg × 4 days to 24 mg/kg × 4 days. The most active compound of the series (compound 25) provided 100% protection at 24 mg/kg × 4 days, and other 1,2,4-trioxanes 22, 26, 27, and 30 also showed promising activity. In this model, β-arteether provided 100 and 20% protection at 48 mg/kg × 4 days and 24 mg/kg × 4 days, respectively, by oral route. Compound 25 displayed a similar in vitro pharmacokinetic profile to that of reference drug β-arteether. The activity results demonstrated the importance of an aryl moiety at the C-5 position on the 1,2,4-trioxane pharmacophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjani Maurya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Awakash Soni
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Devireddy Anand
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Makthala Ravi
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Kanumuri S. R. Raju
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Isha Taneja
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Niraj K. Naikade
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - S. K. Puri
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Wahajuddin
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Sanjeev Kanojiya
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Prem P. Yadav
- Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, ‡Division of Parasitology, §Division of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, and ∥Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
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Singh AB, Singh N, Akanksha, Jayendra, Maurya R, Srivastava AK. Coagulanolide modulates hepatic glucose metabolism in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2013; 31:1056-65. [PMID: 23060434 DOI: 10.1177/0960327112438289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased hepatic glucose output is one of the major causes of fasting hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of action of coagulanolide on hepatic glucose, regulating enzymes in type 2 diabetic C57BL/KsJ-db/db (db/db) mice. Coagulanolide is an active component of Withania coagulans fruit. Oral administration of coagulanolide for 3 weeks decreases fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin significantly, and it improves glucose tolerance in the db/db mice group. The enzyme activity and protein expression of glucokinase and pyruvate kinase was significantly enhanced in coagulanolide-treated db/db group when compared with untreated one. On the other hand, activities and protein expression of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, glucose 6-phosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and glycogen phosphorylase enzymes were significantly lowered in treated group. The treatment with coagulanolide also normalizes the concentrations of plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the db/db mice. These findings suggested that the coagulanolide is useful in the control of fasting hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes by regulating the production of hepatic glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Singh
- Biochemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Yadav P, Ravi M, Anand D, Maurya R, Chauhan P, Naikade N, Shukla S. Synthesis of 1,2,4-Trioxepanes and 1,2,4-Trioxanes via H2O2-Mediated Reaction of Tertiary Carbinols. Synlett 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1317958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prem Yadav
- Divisions of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| | - Makthala Ravi
- Divisions of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| | - Devireddy Anand
- Divisions of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| | - Ranjani Maurya
- Divisions of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| | - Parul Chauhan
- Divisions of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| | - Niraj Naikade
- Divisions of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
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Chakravarti B, Maurya R, Siddiqui JA, Bid HK, Rajendran SM, Yadav PP, Konwar R. In vitro anti-breast cancer activity of ethanolic extract of Wrightia tomentosa: role of pro-apoptotic effects of oleanolic acid and urosolic acid. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 142:72-9. [PMID: 22855944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Wrightia tomentosa Roem. & Schult. (Apocynaceae) is known in the traditional medicine for anti-cancer activity along with other broad indications like snake and scorpion bites, renal complications, menstrual disorders etc. However, the anti-cancer activity of this plant or its constituents has never been studied systematically in any cancer types so far. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the anti-cancer activities of the ethanolic extract of W. tomentosa and identified constituent active molecule(s) against breast cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Powdered leaves of W. tomentosa were extracted with ethanol. The ethanolic extract, subsequent hexane fractions and fraction F-4 of W. tomentosa were tested for its anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. RESULTS The ethanolic extract, subsequent hexane fractions and fraction F-4 of W. tomentosa inhibited the proliferation of human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. The fraction F-4 obtained from hexane fraction inhibited proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in concentration and time dependent manner with IC₅₀ of 50 μg/ml and 30 μg/ml for 24 h, 28 μg/ml and 22 μg/ml for 48 h and 25 μg/ml and 20 μg/ml for 72 h respectively. The fraction F-4 induced G1 cell cycle arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and subsequent apoptosis. Apoptosis is indicated in terms of increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, enhanced Annexin-V positivity, caspase 8 activation and DNA fragmentation. The active molecule isolated from fraction F-4, oleanolic acid and urosolic acid inhibited cell proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells at IC₅₀ value of 7.5 μM and 7.0 μM respectively, whereas there is devoid of significant cell inhibiting activity in non-cancer originated cells, HEK-293. In both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, oleanolic acid and urosolic acid induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as indicated by significant increase in Annexin-V positive apoptotic cell counts. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that W. tomentosa extracts has significant anti-cancer activity against breast cancer cells due to induction of apoptosis pathway. Olenolic and urosolic acid are important constituent molecules in the extract responsible for anti-cancer activity of W. tomentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandana Chakravarti
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute-CDRI, U.P., Lucknow 226001, India
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Maurya R, Srivastava A, Shah P, Siddiqi MI, Rajendran SM, Puri A, Yadav PP. β-Amyrin acetate and β-amyrin palmitate as antidyslipidemic agents from Wrightia tomentosa leaves. Phytomedicine 2012; 19:682-685. [PMID: 22541636 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The ethanolic extract and fractions of Wrightia tomentosa Roem. & Schult (Apocynaceae) leaves were tested in vivo for their antidyslipidemic activity in high fat diet (HFD) induced dyslipidemic hamsters. Activity guided isolation resulted in identification of antidyslipidemic compounds β-AA and β-AP. Compounds β-AA and β-AP decrease the levels of LDL by 36% and 44%, and increase the HDL-C/TC ratio by 49% and 28%, respectively, at a dose of 10mg/kg. In addition, the isolated compounds β-AA and β-AP showed significant HMG-CoA-reductase inhibition, which was further established by docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjani Maurya
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
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Singh D, Srivastava K, Tyagi A, Trivedi R, Maurya R. 105 ISOFORMONONETIN RESTORES TRABECULAR MICROARCHITECTURE AND PROMOTES NEW BONE FORMATION IN ADULT OSTEOPENIC RATS. Maturitas 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5122(12)70216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tyagi AM, Srivastava K, Kureel J, Kumar A, Raghuvanshi A, Yadav D, Maurya R, Goel A, Singh D. Premature T cell senescence in Ovx mice is inhibited by repletion of estrogen and medicarpin: a possible mechanism for alleviating bone loss. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:1151-61. [PMID: 21562872 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1650-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Presently the relationship between CD28, biological marker of senescence, and ovariectomy is not well understood. We show that ovariectomy leads to CD28 loss on T cells and estrogen (E2) repletion and medicarpin (Med) inhibits this effect. We thus propose that Med/E2 prevents bone loss by delaying premature T cell senescence. INTRODUCTION Estrogen deficiency triggers reproductive aging by accelerating the amplification of TNF-α-producing T cells, thereby leading to bone loss. To date, no study has been carried out to explain the relationship between CD4(+)CD28null T cells and ovariectomy or osteoporosis. We aim to determine the effect of Ovx on CD28 expression on T cells and effects of E2 and medicarpin (a pterocarpan phytoalexin) with proven osteoprotective effect on altered T cell responses. METHODS Adult, female Balb/c mice were taken for the study. The groups were: sham, Ovx, Ovx + Med or E2. Treatments were given daily by oral gavage. At autopsy bone marrow and spleen were flushed out and cells labelled with antibodies for FACS analysis. Serum was collected for ELISA. RESULTS In Ovx mice, Med/E2 at their respective osteoprotective doses resulted in thymus involution and lowered Ovx-induced increase in serum TNF-α level and its mRNA levels in the BM T cells. Med/E2 reduced BM and spleen CD4(+) T cell proliferation and prevented CD28 loss on CD4(+) T cells. Further, Med abrogated TNF-α-induced loss of CD28 expression in the BM T cells. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge this is the first report to determine the mechanism of CD28 loss on T cells as a result of ovariectomy. Our study demonstrates that Ovx leads to the generation of premature senescent CD4(+)CD28null T cells, an effect inhibited by E2 and Med. We propose that one of the mechanisms by which Med/E2 alleviates Ovx-induced bone loss is by delaying T cell senescence and enhancing CD28 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Tyagi
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chattar Manzil, PO Box 173, Lucknow, India
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Maurya R, Ravi M, Singh S, Yadav PP. A review on cassane and norcassane diterpenes and their pharmacological studies. Fitoterapia 2012; 83:272-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Siddiqui JA, Swarnkar G, Sharan K, Chakravarti B, Gautam AK, Rawat P, Kumar M, Gupta V, Manickavasagam L, Dwivedi AK, Maurya R, Chattopadhyay N. A naturally occurring rare analog of quercetin promotes peak bone mass achievement and exerts anabolic effect on osteoporotic bone. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:3013-27. [PMID: 21225417 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The effect of quercetin C-glucoside (QCG) on osteoblast function in vitro and bone formation in vivo was investigated. QCG supplementation promoted peak bone mass achievement in growing rats and new bone formation in osteopenic rats. QCG has substantial oral bioavailability. Findings suggest a significant bone anabolic effect of QCG. INTRODUCTION Recently, we showed that extracts of Ulmus wallichiana promoted peak bone mass achievement in growing rats and preserved trabecular bone mass and cortical bone strength in ovariectomized (OVx) rats. 3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavone-6-C-β-D-glucopyranoside, a QCG, is the most abundant bioactive compound of U. wallichiana extract. We hypothesize that QCG exerts bone anabolic effects by stimulating osteoblast function. METHODS Osteoblast cultures were harvested from rat calvaria and bone marrow (BM) to study differentiation and mineralization. In vivo, growing female Sprague Dawley rats and OVx rats with osteopenia were administered QCG (5.0 or 10.0 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) orally for 12 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by examining changes in bone microarchitecture using histomorphometric and microcomputed tomographic analyses and by determination of new bone formation by fluorescent labeling of bone. Plasma and BM levels of QCG were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS QCG was much more potent than quercetin (Q) in stimulating osteoblast differentiation, and the effect of QCG was not mediated by estrogen receptors. In growing rats, QCG increased BM osteoprogenitors, bone mineral density, bone formation rate, and cortical deposition. In osteopenic rats, QCG treatment increased bone formation rate and improved trabecular microarchitecture. Comparison with the sham group (ovary intact) revealed significant restoration of trabecular bone in osteopenic rats treated with QCG. QCG levels in the BM were ~50% of that of the plasma levels. CONCLUSION QCG stimulated modeling-directed bone accrual and exerted anabolic effects on osteopenic rats by direct stimulatory effect on osteoprogenitors likely due to substantial QCG delivery at tissue level following oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Siddiqui
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chattar Manzil, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, India
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Maurya R, Kumar R, Prajapati VK, Manandhar KD, Sacks D, Sundar S, Nylén S. Human visceral leishmaniasis is not associated with expansion or accumulation of Foxp3+ CD4 cells in blood or spleen. Parasite Immunol 2010; 32:479-83. [PMID: 20591118 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2010.01219.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Natural regulatory T cells (CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+)), natural regulatory T cells (nTreg), play an important role in the regulation of inflammatory immune responses. However, the immunosuppressive properties of nTreg may unfavourably affect the host's ability to clear certain infections. In human visceral leishmaniasis (VL), reports on the frequency and function of nTreg are not conclusive. A limitation of our own previous studies that did not indicate a major role for Foxp3(+) nTreg in VL pathogenesis was that Foxp3 was measured by mRNA expression alone, as other tools were not available at the time. We have in this study assessed CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells in splenic aspirates and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from an extensive series of patients with VL and endemic controls (EC) by flow cytometry (FACS). The results do not show increased frequencies of Foxp3(+) cells in patient with VL pre- and post-treatment, neither were they elevated when compared to PBMC of EC. We conclude that active VL is not associated with increased frequencies of peripheral Foxp3 Treg or accumulation at the site of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Maurya
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Affiliation(s)
- A.B. Singh
- a Division of Biochemistry , Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow, India
| | - D.K. Yadav
- b Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry , Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow, India
| | - R. Maurya
- b Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry , Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow, India
| | - A.K. Srivastava
- a Division of Biochemistry , Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow, India
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Sharan K, Siddiqui J, Swarnkar G, Rawat P, Maurya R, Sanyal S, Chattopadhyay N. ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL BONE FORMING AGENT (CDROSTEOID-II) FROM NATURAL SOURCE. Maturitas 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5122(09)70155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yadav PP, Maurya R, Sarkar J, Arora A, Kanojiya S, Sinha S, Srivastava MN, Raghubir R. Cassane diterpenes from Caesalpinia bonduc. Phytochemistry 2009; 70:256-261. [PMID: 19155029 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 11/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Three cassane diterpene hemiketals, caesalpinolide-C, caesalpinolide-D, caesalpinolide-E and one cassane furanoditerpene were isolated from Caesalpinia bonduc. The molecular structures were elucidated using NMR spectroscopy in combination with IR, UV and mass spectral data and relative stereochemistries were determined through ROESY correlation. The isolated compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), DU145 (prostate carcinoma), C33A (Cervical carcinoma) and Vero (African green monkey kidney fibroblast) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem P Yadav
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil Palace, Lucknow 226 001, India.
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Sundar S, Singh RK, Bimal SK, Gidwani K, Mishra A, Maurya R, Singh SK, Manandhar KD, Boelaert M, Rai M. Comparative evaluation of parasitology and serological tests in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in India: a phase III diagnostic accuracy study. Trop Med Int Health 2007; 12:284-9. [PMID: 17300637 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01775.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this phase III trial for diagnostics for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in India, we compared parasitological diagnosis with several serological tests: direct agglutination test (freeze dried; DAT-FD), rK-39 strip test, rK-26 strip test and a latex agglutination test for antigen detection in urine (KAtex) in 452 subjects from the endemic regions of Bihar, India. The subjects were segregated into four categories: 230 confirmed patients, 52 probable cases, 70 non-cases and 100 healthy endemic controls. The first two groups were used for estimating sensitivity, the latter two for specificity. Sensitivity of DAT-FD was 98.9%, rK-39: 98.9%, KAtex: 67.0% and rK-26: 21.3%. Sensitivity of DAT-FD on blood taken on filter paper (DAT-FDF) was 99.3%, which was comparable with that using serum. Specificity of serological tests was comparable and high (DAT-FD and DAT-FDF: 94%, rK-39 strip test: 97%, KAtex: 99% and rK-26 strip test: 100%). The classical 'gold standard' parasitological demonstration in splenic smear performed poorly as it missed 18.4% of cases that benefited from VL treatment. Reproducibility of the serological tests between field and central laboratories was excellent (kappa = 1.0, 0.99, 0.96 and 0.94 respectively for microscopy, DAT-FD, rK-39 strip test and rK-26 strip test). A high degree of agreement was observed between DAT-FD and rK-39 strip test (kappa = 0.986). Although DAT-FD and rK-39 strip test were highly sensitive with excellent specificity, the ease of use of the latter makes it most suitable for the diagnosis of VL in the field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sundar
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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Sundar S, Singh RK, Maurya R, Kumar B, Chhabra A, Singh V, Rai M. Serological diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis: direct agglutination test versus rK39 strip test. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2006; 100:533-7. [PMID: 16325874 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2005] [Revised: 08/24/2005] [Accepted: 08/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the direct agglutination test (DAT), using freeze-dried (FD) and aqueous (AQ) antigen, and the rK39 immunochromatographic strip test in the diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Sera from 508 subjects (150 parasitologically confirmed patients with VL, 100 and 153 healthy controls drawn from non-endemic and endemic regions, respectively, and 105 patients with other diseases presenting with fever and/or splenomegaly) were tested. The sensitivity of the tests were as follows: DAT (FD), 96% (95% CI 91-98); DAT (AQ), 97% (95% CI 93-99); rK39 strip test, 99% (95% CI 95-100). The specificity of DAT (FD), DAT (AQ) and rK39 strip tests were 85% (95% CI 81-88), 87% (95% CI 83-91) and 89% (95% CI 86-92), respectively. A significant correlation (high degree of agreement) was observed between all tests (kappa>0.80). We conclude that the sensitivity of FD antigen is comparable to that of AQ antigen. Similarly, the rK39 strip test is as sensitive as the DAT, but the strip test's greater convenience of use makes it a better tool for diagnosis of VL in peripheral areas of endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sundar
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005 India.
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Abstract
This study was done to evaluate PCR with Ld1 primers for the diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and to assess its role in prediction of the disease outcome. The PCR assay was performed with DNA isolated from the peripheral blood of parasitologically confirmed cases of VL before the initiation of treatment, just after the end of treatment, and at 3 and 6 months of follow-up. The pretreatment PCR result was positive for 100 of 101 patients (sensitivity, 99%; confidence interval [CI], 94 to 100%). None of the 150 negative controls tested were PCR positive (specificity, 100%; CI, 96.8 to 100%). Of 60 patients who were treated at our center, 51 (85%; CI, 73 to 93%) became negative immediately after treatment and continued to be negative at 3 and 6 months of follow-up. At the 3-month follow-up, two of the remaining nine patients were PCR positive, making 58 (96.7%; CI, 87 to 100%) patients PCR negative. At the 6-month follow-up, all patients became PCR negative. One patient who was PCR negative immediately after the end of treatment relapsed 11 months later. This limited prospective study with VL patients suggests that the PCR assay is a highly sensitive and specific (99% and 100%, respectively) tool for the diagnosis of VL. In the majority of patients, it can identify a successful disease outcome; however, its translation into the field setting remains a major challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Maurya
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 6 SK Gupta, Nagar, Lanka, Varanasi 221 005, India
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Abstract
Plants have been used worldwide for treatment of various human ailments since antiquity. Their use is still quite prevalent in developing countries in the form of traditional/folkloric system of medicine. Intensive chemical and pharmacological studies on traditional/folkloric medicinal plants during the last 5 decades have led to the validation of traditional claims in many cases and facilitated identification of their active principles. The active principles have provided leads in the development of several life saving drugs, which are in clinical use today. A large number of these plants are used for birth control in different countries. The present review has, therefore, been planned to provide an account of the investigations carried out on traditional/folkloric plants used for fertility regulation. The status of scientific validations of their anti-fertility potential and identification of active principles during the last 28 years are discussed. The literature survey shows that approximately 318 different plants are in traditional/folkloric use worldwide, of which 227 plants are of Indian origin. So far, 74 plants have been screened for their anti-fertility potential, 48 of them have been found to be effective. Active principles of about 15 plants have been identified during the period under review.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Maurya
- Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil Palace, Lucknow 226 001, India.
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Mehrotra S, Mishra KP, Maurya R, Srimal RC, Yadav VS, Pandey R, Singh VK. Anticellular and immunosuppressive properties of ethanolic extract of Acorus calamus rhizome. Int Immunopharmacol 2003; 3:53-61. [PMID: 12538034 DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5769(02)00212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of immune response to alleviate disease has been of interest since long. Plant extracts have been widely investigated for possible immunomodulatory properties. We have evaluated the anticellular and immunomodulatory properties of ethanolic extract of Acorus calamus rhizome. This extract inhibited proliferation of mitogen (phytohaemagglutinin; PHA) and antigen (purified protein derivative; PPD)-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, A. calamus extract inhibited growth of several cell lines of mouse and human origin. It also inhibited production of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Intracytoplasmic interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and expression of cell surface markers, CD16 and HLA-DR, on human PBMC, were not affected on treatment with A. calamus extract but CD25 expression was down regulated. Our study demonstrates the antiproliferative and immunosuppressive potential of ethanolic extract of A. calamus rhizome in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mehrotra
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 014, India
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Abstract
We have earlier reported that ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa, a plant used in Indian traditional system of medicine, significantly inhibits the cell proliferation. This led us to evaluate the immunomodulatory properties of this plant extract on various in vitro tests such as human natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, production of nitric oxide (NO) in mouse macrophage cells, RAW 264.7, interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), intracytoplasmic interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and expression of various cell surface markers on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Ethanolic extracts of B. diffusa roots inhibited human NK cell cytotoxicity in vitro, production of NO in mouse macrophage cells, IL-2 and TNF-alpha in human PBMCs. Intracytoplasmic IFN-gamma and cell surface markers such as CD16, CD25, and HLA-DR did not get affected on treatment with B. diffusa extract. Our study demonstrates immunosuppressive potential of ethanolic extract of B. diffusa.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mehrotra
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Abstract
Extracts of plants have been widely evaluated for possible antiproliferative and anticarcinogenic properties. The antiproliferative activity of ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa, a plant used in traditional medicine, was evaluated in several cells. It inhibited T cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A-stimulated proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). It also inhibited purified protein derivative antigen-stimulated PBMC proliferation and human mixed lymphocyte culture. In addition, B. diffusa extract inhibited the growth of several cell lines of mouse and human origin, such as mouse macrophage cells (RAW 264.7), human macrophage cells (U937), human monocytic cells (THP-1), mouse fibroblast cells (L929), human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), mouse liver cells (BNLCL.2), African green monkey kidney cells (COS-1), mouse lymphoma cells (EL-4), human erythroleukemic cells (K562), and human T cells (Jurkat). The present study has demonstrated the antiproliferative potential of ethanolic extract of B. diffusa in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mehrotra
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 014, India
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Chatterjee S, Vijayakumar EK, Franco CM, Maurya R, Blumbach J, Ganguli BN. Phencomycin, a new antibiotic from a Streptomyces species HIL Y-9031725. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1995; 48:1353-4. [PMID: 8557581 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.48.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Chatterjee
- Microbiology Department, Hoechst India Limited, Bombay, India
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Hassner A, Murthy KSK, Maurya R, Dehaen W, Friedman O. Stereoselectivity during cycloadditions leading to functionalized heterocycles. J Heterocycl Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570310309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Franco CM, Maurya R, Vijayakumar EK, Chatterjee S, Blumbach J, Ganguli BN. Alisamycin, a new antibiotic of the manumycin group. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation and biological activity. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 1991; 44:1289-93. [PMID: 1778780 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.44.1289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alisamycin is a new member of the manumycin group of antibiotics produced by Streptomyces sp. HIL Y-88,31582, which taxonomically appears to be Streptomyces actuosus. Alisamycin is active against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, and has a weak antitumour activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Franco
- Microbiology Department, Hoechst India Limited, Bombay
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