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AuYoung M, Rodriguez Espinosa P, Chen WT, Juturu P, Young MEDT, Casillas A, Adkins-Jackson P, Hopfer S, Kissam E, Alo AK, Vargas RA, Brown AF. Addressing racial/ethnic inequities in vaccine hesitancy and uptake: lessons learned from the California alliance against COVID-19. J Behav Med 2023; 46:153-166. [PMID: 35066696 PMCID: PMC8783654 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lack of trust in biomedical research, government, and health care systems, especially among racial/ethnic minorities and under-resourced communities, is a longstanding issue rooted in social injustice. The COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted existing health and socioeconomic inequities and increased the urgency for solutions to provide access to timely, culturally, and linguistically appropriate evidence-based information about COVID-19; and ultimately to promote vaccine uptake. California's statewide alliance STOP COVID-19 CA (comprising eleven sites), leverages long standing community partnerships to better understand concerns, misinformation, and address racial/ethnic inequities in vaccine hesitancy and uptake. Using data from the California CEAL Communication Working Group, we demonstrate the wide range of strategies, communication methods, languages, and trusted messengers that have been effective in reaching diverse communities across the state. We also showcase challenges and lessons learned, such as the importance of including trusted community partners to share information or provide vaccines. These approaches, rooted in community engagement, are crucial for addressing inequities and responding to future public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa
- Office of Community Engagement, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Office of Community Engagement, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Preeti Juturu
- Center for Health Disparities Research, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Alejandra Casillas
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paris Adkins-Jackson
- Division of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suellen Hopfer
- Department of Health, Program in Public Health, University of California at Irvine, Society, & Behavior, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ed Kissam
- Center for Reducing Health Disparities, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Werner Kohnstamm Family Giving Fund, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Roberto A Vargas
- Center for Community Engagement, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Arleen F Brown
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Hiatt RA, Sibley A, Fejerman L, Glantz S, Nguyen T, Pasick R, Palmer N, Perkins A, Potter MB, Somsouk M, Vargas RA, van ’t Veer LJ, Ashworth A. The San Francisco Cancer Initiative: A Community Effort To Reduce The Population Burden Of Cancer. Health Aff (Millwood) 2018; 37:54-61. [DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2017.1260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Hiatt
- Robert A. Hiatt is chair of and a professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, director of population sciences, and associate director of the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, all at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)
| | - Amanda Sibley
- Amanda Sibley is initiatives program director at the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF
| | - Laura Fejerman
- Laura Fejerman is an associate professor in the Department of Medicine, UCSF
| | - Stanton Glantz
- Stanton Glantz is a professor of medicine in the Department of Medicine and director of the Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, UCSF
| | - Tung Nguyen
- Tung Nguyen is a professor of medicine in the Department of Medicine, UCSF
| | - Rena Pasick
- Rena Pasick is a professor of medicine in the Department of Medicine and director of community engagement at the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF
| | - Nynikka Palmer
- Nynikka Palmer is an assistant professor of medicine in the Department of Medicine at UCSF
| | - Arnold Perkins
- Arnold Perkins is chair of the Community Advisory Board, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF
| | - Michael B. Potter
- Michael B. Potter is a professor in the Department of Family and Community Medicine, UCSF
| | - Ma Somsouk
- Ma Somsouk is an associate professor in the Department of Medicine, UCSF
| | - Roberto A. Vargas
- Roberto A. Vargas is a navigator at the Clinical and Translational Science Institute, UCSF
| | - Laura J. van ’t Veer
- Laura J. van ’t Veer is a leader in the Breast Oncology Program, director of Applied Genomics, and the Angela and Shu Kai Chan Endowed Chair in Cancer Research, all at the UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Alan Ashworth
- Alan Ashworth is president of the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center and senior vice president for cancer services at UCSF Health
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Grumbach K, Vargas RA, Fleisher P, Aragón TJ, Chung L, Chawla C, Yant A, Garcia ER, Santiago A, Lang PL, Jones P, Liu W, Schmidt LA. Achieving Health Equity Through Community Engagement in Translating Evidence to Policy: The San Francisco Health Improvement Partnership, 2010-2016. Prev Chronic Dis 2017; 14:E27. [PMID: 28333598 PMCID: PMC5364731 DOI: 10.5888/pcd14.160469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The San Francisco Health Improvement Partnership (SFHIP) promotes health equity by using a novel collective impact model that blends community engagement with evidence-to-policy translational science. The model involves diverse stakeholders, including ethnic-based community health equity coalitions, the local public health department, hospitals and health systems, a health sciences university, a school district, the faith community, and others sectors. COMMUNITY CONTEXT We report on 3 SFHIP prevention initiatives: reducing consumption of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs), regulating retail alcohol sales, and eliminating disparities in children's oral health. METHODS SFHIP is governed by a steering committee. Partnership working groups for each initiative collaborate to 1) develop and implement action plans emphasizing feasible, scalable, translational-science-informed interventions and 2) consider sustainability early in the planning process by including policy and structural interventions. OUTCOME Through SFHIP's efforts, San Francisco enacted ordinances regulating sale and advertising of SSBs and a ballot measure establishing a soda tax. Most San Francisco hospitals implemented or committed to implementing healthy-beverage policies that prohibited serving or selling SSBs. SFHIP helped prevent Starbucks and Taco Bell from receiving alcohol licenses in San Francisco and helped prevent state authorization of sale of powdered alcohol. SFHIP increased the number of primary care clinics providing fluoride varnish at routine well-child visits from 3 to 14 and acquired a state waiver to allow dental clinics to be paid for dental services delivered in schools. INTERPRETATION The SFHIP model of collective impact emphasizing community engagement and policy change accomplished many of its intermediate goals to create an environment promoting health and health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Grumbach
- Community Engagement and Health Policy Program, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Roberto A Vargas
- Community Engagement and Health Policy Program, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Paula Fleisher
- Community Engagement and Health Policy Program, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Tomás J Aragón
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California
| | - Lisa Chung
- Community Engagement and Health Policy Program, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Division of Oral Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Colleen Chawla
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California
| | - Abbie Yant
- Dignity Health, Saint Francis Memorial Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - Estela R Garcia
- Instituto Familiar de la Raza, Inc., San Francisco, California.,Chicano/Latino/Indígena Health Equity Coalition, San Francisco, California
| | - Amor Santiago
- APA Family Support Services, San Francisco, California.,API Health Parity Council, San Francisco, California
| | - Perry L Lang
- Rafiki Wellness, San Francisco, California.,African American Community Health Equity Council, San Francisco, California
| | - Paula Jones
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California
| | - Wylie Liu
- Community Engagement and Health Policy Program, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Laura A Schmidt
- Community Engagement and Health Policy Program, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco
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Suárez-Villota EY, Vargas RA, Marchant CL, Torres JE, Köhler N, Núñez JJ, de la Fuente R, Page J, Gallardo MH. Distribution of repetitive DNAs and the hybrid origin of the red vizcacha rat (Octodontidae). Genome 2012; 55:105-17. [PMID: 22272977 DOI: 10.1139/g11-084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Great genome size (GS) variations described in desert-specialist octodontid rodents include diploid species ( Octomys mimax and Octodontomys gliroides ) and putative tetraploid species ( Tympanoctomys barrerae and Pipanacoctomys aureus ). Because of its high DNA content, elevated chromosome number, and gigas effect, the genome of T. barrerae is claimed to have resulted from tetraploidy. Alternatively, the origin of its GS has been attributed to the accumulation of repetitive sequences. To better characterize the extent and origin of these repetitive DNA, self-genomic in situ hybridization (self-GISH), whole-comparative genomic hybridization (W-CGH), and conventional GISH were conducted in mitotic and meiotic chromosomes. Self-GISH on T. barrerae mitotic plates together with comparative self-GISH (using its closest relatives) discriminate a pericentromeric and a telomeric DNA fraction. As most of the repetitive sequences are pericentromeric, it seems that the large GS of T. barrerae is not due to highly repeated sequences accumulated along chromosomes arms. W-CGH using red-labeled P. aureus DNA and green-labeled O. mimax DNA simultaneously on chromosomes of T. barrerae revealed a yellow-orange fluorescence over a repetitive fraction of the karyotype. However, distinctive red-only fluorescent signals were also detected at some centromeres and telomeres, indicating closer homology with the DNA sequences of P. aureus. Conventional GISH using an excess of blocking DNA from either P. aureus or O. mimax labeled only a fraction of the T. barrerae genome, indicating its double genome composition. These data point to a hybrid nature of the T. barrerae karyotype, suggesting a hybridization event in the origin of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y Suárez-Villota
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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