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Senden R, Marcellis R, Meijer K, Willems P, Lenssen T, Staal H, Janssen Y, Groen V, Vermeulen RJ, Witlox M. Dataset of 3D gait analysis in typically developing children walking at three different speeds on an instrumented treadmill in virtual reality. Data Brief 2023; 48:109142. [PMID: 37113500 PMCID: PMC10126839 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, gait data of typically developing (TD) children (24 boys/31 girls, mean (95% confidence interval) age 9.38 (8.51 - 10.25) years, body mass 35.67 (31.40 - 39.94) kg, leg length 0.73 (0.70 - 0.76) m, and height 1.41 (1.35 - 1.46) m) walking at different walking speeds is shared publicly. Raw and processed data is presented for each child separately and includes data of each single step of both legs. Beside, the subject demographics and the results from the physical examination are presented allowing to select TD children from the database to create a matched group, based on specific parameters (e.g. sex and body weight). For clinical application, gait data is also presented per age group, which provides quick insight into the normal gait pattern of TD children of varying age. Gait analysis was performed during treadmill walking in a virtual environment using the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN). The human body lower limb model with trunk markers (HBM2) was used as biomechanical model. Children walked at comfortable walking speed, 30% slower and 30% faster (random sequence) while wearing gymnastic shoes and a safety harness to prevent falling. For each speed condition, 250 steps were recorded. Data quality check, step detection and the calculation of gait parameters was done by custom made Matlab algorithms. Raw data files are provided per walking speed, for each child separately. The raw data is exported from the CAREN software (D-flow) and is provided in .mox and .txt files. It includes the output from the models such as subject data, marker and force data, kinematic data (joint angles), kinetic data (joint moments, GRFs, joint powers), as well as CoM data and EMG data (the last two are not described in this manuscript), for each speed condition and each child. Unfiltered and filtered data are included. C3D files with raw marker and GRF data were recorded in Nexus (Vicon software) and are available upon request. After analyzing the raw data into Matlab (R2016a, Mathworks) using custom made Matlab algorithms, processed data is obtained. The processed data is provided in .xls files and is also presented for each child separately. It contains spatiotemporal parameters, 3D joint angles, anterior-posterior and vertical ground reaction forces (GRF), 3D joint moments and sagittal joint power of each step of the left and right leg. In addition to each individual's data, overview files (.xls) are created per walking speed condition. These overviews present the averaged gait parameter (e.g. joint angle), calculated over all valid steps, of each child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Senden
- Department of Physical Therapy, Maastricht University Medical Center, Postbus 5800 AZ, Maastricht 6020, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author. @Rachel_Senden
| | - Rik Marcellis
- Department of Physical Therapy, Maastricht University Medical Center, Postbus 5800 AZ, Maastricht 6020, the Netherlands
| | - Kenneth Meijer
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Willems
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ton Lenssen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Maastricht University Medical Center, Postbus 5800 AZ, Maastricht 6020, the Netherlands
| | - Heleen Staal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Janssen
- Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology, Adelante, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Vincent Groen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Marianne Witlox
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Senden R, Marcellis R, Meijer K, Willems P, Lenssen T, Staal H, Janssen Y, Groen V, Vermeulen RJ, Witlox M. Comparison of sagittal plane gait characteristics between the overground and treadmill approach for gait analysis in typically developing children. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13752. [PMID: 35898943 PMCID: PMC9310770 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Instrumented treadmills have become more mainstream in clinical assessment of gait disorders in children, and are increasingly being applied as an alternative to overground gait analysis. Both approaches differ in multiple elements of set-up (e.g., overground versus treadmill, Pug-in Gait versus Human Body Model-II), workflow (e.g., limited amount of steps versus many successive steps) and post-processing of data (e.g., different filter techniques). These individual elements have shown to affect gait. Since the approaches are used in parallel in clinical practice, insight into the compound effect of the multiple different elements on gait is essential. This study investigates whether the outcomes of two approaches for 3D gait analysis are interchangeable in typically developing children. Methods Spatiotemporal parameters, sagittal joint angles and moments, and ground reaction forces were measured in typically developing children aged 3-17 years using the overground (overground walking, conventional lab environment, Plug-In Gait) and treadmill (treadmill walking in virtual environment, Human Body Model-II) approach. Spatiotemporal and coefficient of variation parameters, and peak values in kinematics and kinetics of both approaches were compared using repeated measures tests. Kinematic and kinetic waveforms from both approaches were compared using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Differences were quantified by mean differences and root mean square differences. Results Children walked slower, with lower stride and stance time and shorter and wider steps with the treadmill approach than with the overground approach. Mean differences ranged from 0.02 s for stride time to 3.3 cm for step width. The patterns of sagittal kinematic and kinetic waveforms were equivalent for both approaches, but significant differences were found in amplitude. Overall, the peak joint angles were larger during the treadmill approach, showing mean differences ranging from 0.84° (pelvic tilt) to 6.42° (peak knee flexion during swing). Mean difference in peak moments ranged from 0.02 Nm/kg (peak knee extension moment) to 0.32 Nm/kg (peak hip extension moment), showing overall decreased joint moments with the treadmill approach. Normalised ground reaction forces showed mean differences ranging from 0.001 to 0.024. Conclusion The overground and treadmill approach to 3D gait analysis yield different sagittal gait characteristics. The systematic differences can be due to important changes in the neuromechanics of gait and to methodological choices used in both approaches, such as the biomechanical model or the walkway versus treadmill. The overview of small differences presented in this study is essential to correctly interpret the results and needs to be taken into account when data is interchanged between approaches. Together with the research/clinical question and the context of the child, the insight gained can be used to determine the best approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Senden
- Department of Physical Therapy, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Marcellis
- Department of Physical Therapy, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth Meijer
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Willems
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Ton Lenssen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen Staal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Janssen
- Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology, Adelante, Hoensbroek, Limburg, The Netherlands,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Groen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Jeroen Vermeulen
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne Witlox
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
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Verkouteren BJA, Cosgun B, Reinders MGHC, Kessler PAWK, Vermeulen RJ, Klaassens M, Lambrechts S, van Rheenen JR, van Geel M, Vreeburg M, Mosterd K. A guideline for the clinical management of basal cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin-Goltz syndrome). Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:215-226. [PMID: 34375441 PMCID: PMC9298899 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The overall objective of this guideline is to provide up-to-date, evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and surveillance of all symptoms of children and adults with either basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS), a clinical suspicion of BCNS, or a parent with BCNS. In the last two groups the guidelines should be followed until the diagnosis of BCNS can be rejected with certainty. The guideline aims to: - Update and expand on the previous guidelines by an appraisal of all relevant literature from January 2011 up to January 2021 - Address important, practical, clinical questions relating to the primary guideline objective - Provide guideline recommendations - Discuss potential developments and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J A Verkouteren
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW research institute for oncology and developmental biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - B Cosgun
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW research institute for oncology and developmental biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M G H C Reinders
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW research institute for oncology and developmental biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - P A W K Kessler
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R J Vermeulen
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M Klaassens
- Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - S Lambrechts
- Department of Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - J R van Rheenen
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Anna Hospital, Geldrop, the Netherlands
| | - M van Geel
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW research institute for oncology and developmental biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M Vreeburg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - K Mosterd
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW research institute for oncology and developmental biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Van Beusichem AE, Nicolai J, Verhoeven J, Speth L, Coenen M, Willemsen MA, Kamsteeg EJ, Stumpel C, Vermeulen RJ. Mobility Characteristics of Children with Spastic Paraplegia Due to a Mutation in the KIF1A Gene. Neuropediatrics 2020; 51:146-153. [PMID: 31805580 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Several de novo variants in the KIF1A gene have been reported to cause a complicated form of hereditary spastic paraplegia. Additional symptoms include cognitive impairment and varying degrees of peripheral neuropathy, epilepsy, decreased visual acuity, and ataxia. We describe four patients (ages 10-18 years), focusing on their mobility and gait characteristics. Two patients were not able to walk without assistance and showed a severe abnormal gait pattern, crouch gait. At examination, severe contractures were found.In addition to describing the different phenotypes with specific attention to gait in our cases, we reviewed known KIF1A mutations and summarized their associated phenotypes.We conclude that mobility and cognition are severely affected in children with spastic paraplegia due to de novo KIF1A mutations. Deterioration in mobility is most likely due to progressive spasticity, muscle weakness, and the secondary development of severe contractures, possibly combined with an additional progressive polyneuropathy. Close follow-up and treatment of these patients are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Van Beusichem
- Department of Neurology, Section Pediatric Neurology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Nicolai
- Department of Neurology, Section Pediatric Neurology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Verhoeven
- Academical Centre for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe & Maastricht UMC+, Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, The Netherlands
| | - L Speth
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Adelante, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Coenen
- Department of Physiotherapy, Gait Analysis Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M A Willemsen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - E J Kamsteeg
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C Stumpel
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R J Vermeulen
- Department of Neurology, Section Pediatric Neurology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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van der Knoop BJ, van der Voorn JP, Nikkels PGJ, Zonnenberg IA, van Weissenbruch MM, Vermeulen RJ, de Vries JIP. Placental Histology After Minor Trauma in Pregnancy: A Pilot Study. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2019; 22:221-228. [PMID: 30208758 PMCID: PMC6604405 DOI: 10.1177/1093526618799292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Trauma in pregnancy may cause placental abruption. Consequences of moderate placental injury on neurodevelopment are unknown. The aim was to evaluate placental histology after maternal trauma. METHODS A prospective study was conducted at 2 tertiary medical centers in the Netherlands. Placentas from women exposed to maternal trauma ≥ 20 weeks' gestational age were histologically examined. Neurological follow-up of the infants was performed at 1 year of age by means of Alberta Infant Motor Scale. Histological findings were compared to placentas from pregnancies without trauma. PRINCIPAL RESULTS Thirteen placentas were investigated in the trauma group. The control group consisted of 15 placentas. Placental pathology was seen more often in the trauma cases (11 of the 13) than in the controls (6 of the 15), P = .024. Neurological follow-up was normal. CONCLUSIONS In this small population, majority of the placentas showed pathology after minor trauma in pregnancy without consequences for neurodevelopment at 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- BJ van der Knoop
- Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,BJ van der Knoop, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam,
the Netherlands.
| | - JP van der Voorn
- Department of Pathology, VU University
Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - PGJ Nikkels
- Department of Pathology, University
Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - IA Zonnenberg
- Department of Neonatology, VU University
Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - MM van Weissenbruch
- Department of Neonatology, VU University
Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - RJ Vermeulen
- Department of Child Neurology, VU
University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - JIP de Vries
- Department of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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van der Knoop BJ, Oostrom KJ, Zonnenberg IA, van Weissenbruch MM, Vermeulen RJ, de Vries JIP. Neurobehavioural outcome in 6-18 year old children after trauma in pregnancy: Case-control study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018; 22:845-853. [PMID: 29735386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal trauma complicates pregnancy in approximately 7%. Long-term development of children exposed to maternal trauma is unknown. AIM To determine neurobehavioural outcome of children (6-18 years) born after maternal trauma in pregnancy compared to a matched control group. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study performed at a tertiary medical centre. SUBJECTS All consecutive children born after maternal hospitalization for trauma during pregnancy between 1995 and 2005. Controls were children born at the same hospital and period after an uneventful pregnancy. OUTCOME MEASURES Trauma type and severity (Injury Severity Score, ≥9: severe); information from medical files at admission (cases). All mothers filled out two questionnaires about the infant; 1. concerning health, motor development and educational level, 2. concerning behavioural development through the validated Dutch version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). RESULTS Questionnaires were returned by 34 cases and 28 controls. The traumas concerned mainly motor vehicle accidents and falls, and 3/34 had severe injuries. No differences in health, motor development, educational level and CBCL was found between the cases and controls, except for more hospitalization in the cases (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Long-term follow-up of a limited population of children 6-18 years after exposure of mainly non-severe trauma before birth is similar to a control population except for unexplained more hospitalization in the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J van der Knoop
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Neuroscience Campus, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - K J Oostrom
- Dept of Pediatric Psychology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - I A Zonnenberg
- Department of Neonatology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M M van Weissenbruch
- Department of Neonatology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - R J Vermeulen
- Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - J I P de Vries
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Research Institute MOVE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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de Mol CL, Wong YYM, van Pelt ED, Ketelslegers IA, Bakker DP, Boon M, Braun KPJ, van Dijk KGJ, Eikelenboom MJ, Engelen M, Geleijns K, Haaxma CA, Niermeijer JMF, Niks EH, Peeters EAJ, Peeters-Scholte CMPCD, Poll-The BT, Portier RP, de Rijk-van Andel JF, Samijn JPA, Schippers HM, Snoeck IN, Stroink H, Vermeulen RJ, Verrips A, Visscher F, Vles JSH, Willemsen MAAP, Catsman-Berrevoets CE, Hintzen RQ, Neuteboom RF. Incidence and outcome of acquired demyelinating syndromes in Dutch children: update of a nationwide and prospective study. J Neurol 2018; 265:1310-1319. [PMID: 29569176 PMCID: PMC5990581 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-8835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS) are immune-mediated demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system in children. A nationwide, multicentre and prospective cohort study was initiated in the Netherlands in 2006, with a reported ADS incidence of 0.66/100,000 per year and MS incidence of 0.15/100,000 per year in the period between 2007 and 2010. In this study, we provide an update on the incidence and the long-term follow-up of ADS in the Netherlands. METHODS Children < 18 years with a first attack of demyelination were included consecutively from January 2006 to December 2016. Diagnoses were based on the International Paediatric MS study group consensus criteria. Outcome data were collected by neurological and neuropsychological assessments, and telephone call assessments. RESULTS Between 2011 and 2016, 55/165 of the ADS patients were diagnosed with MS (33%). This resulted in an increased ADS and MS incidence of 0.80/100,000 per year and 0.26/100,000 per year, respectively. Since 2006 a total of 243 ADS patients have been included. During follow-up (median 55 months, IQR 28-84), 137 patients were diagnosed with monophasic disease (56%), 89 with MS (37%) and 17 with multiphasic disease other than MS (7%). At least one form of residual deficit including cognitive impairment was observed in 69% of all ADS patients, even in monophasic ADS. An Expanded Disability Status Scale score of ≥ 5.5 was reached in 3/89 MS patients (3%). CONCLUSION The reported incidence of ADS in Dutch children has increased since 2010. Residual deficits are common in this group, even in monophasic patients. Therefore, long-term follow-up in ADS patients is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L de Mol
- Department of Neurology, MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y Y M Wong
- Department of Neurology, MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E D van Pelt
- Department of Neurology, MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I A Ketelslegers
- Department of Neurology, MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D P Bakker
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Boon
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, UMCG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - K P J Braun
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K G J van Dijk
- Department of Paediatrics, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - M J Eikelenboom
- Department of Neurology, Westfriesgasthuis, Hoorn, The Netherlands
| | - M Engelen
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Geleijns
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C A Haaxma
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J M F Niermeijer
- Department of Neurology, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - E H Niks
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E A J Peeters
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Juliana Children Hospital/Haga Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | | | - B T Poll-The
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R P Portier
- Department of Neurology, Medical Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - J P A Samijn
- Department of Neurology, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H M Schippers
- Department of Neurology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - I N Snoeck
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Juliana Children Hospital/Haga Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - H Stroink
- Department of Neurology, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R J Vermeulen
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht UMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Verrips
- Department of Neurology, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - F Visscher
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Admiraal de Ruyter Hospital, Goes, The Netherlands
| | - J S H Vles
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht UMC, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M A A P Willemsen
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C E Catsman-Berrevoets
- Paediatric Neurology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Q Hintzen
- Department of Neurology, MS Centre ErasMS, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R F Neuteboom
- Paediatric Neurology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Buizer AI, van Schie PEM, Bolster EAM, van Ouwerkerk WJ, Strijers RL, van de Pol LA, Stadhouder A, Becher JG, Vermeulen RJ. Effect of selective dorsal rhizotomy on daily care and comfort in non-walking children and adolescents with severe spasticity. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2017; 21:350-357. [PMID: 27908676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In non-walking children with severe spasticity, daily care can be difficult and many patients suffer from pain. Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) reduces spasticity in the legs, and therefore has the potential to improve daily care and comfort. AIM To examine effects of SDR on daily care and comfort in non-walking children with severe spasticity due to different underlying neurological conditions. METHODS Medical history, changes in daily care and comfort and satisfaction with outcome were assessed retrospectively in non-walking children who underwent SDR in our center, with a mean follow-up of 1y 7m (range 11m-4y 3m). All eligible patients (n = 24, years 2009-2014) were included. RESULTS Mean age at SDR was 12y 4m (SD 4y 3m, range 2y 8m-19y 3m). Associated orthopaedic problems were frequent. Seven patients underwent scoliosis correction in the same session. Most improvements were reported in dressing (n = 16), washing (n = 12) and comfort (n = 10). Median score for satisfaction was 7 on a scale of 10 (range 1-9). SDR resulted in reduction of spasticity in leg muscles. In nine patients dystonia was recorded post-operatively, mainly in children with congenital malformations and syndromes. INTERPRETATION SDR is a single event intervention that can improve daily care and comfort in non-walking children with severe spasticity, and can safely be combined with scoliosis correction. Despite the improvements, satisfaction is variable. Careful attention is necessary for risk factors for dystonia, which may be unmasked after SDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Buizer
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research Institute MOVE, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - P E M van Schie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research Institute MOVE, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E A M Bolster
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research Institute MOVE, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W J van Ouwerkerk
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R L Strijers
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L A van de Pol
- Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Stadhouder
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Research Institute MOVE, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J G Becher
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research Institute MOVE, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R J Vermeulen
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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9
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Zonnenberg IA, Koopman C, van Schie PEM, Vermeulen RJ, Groenendaal F, van Weissenbruch MM. Comparison of psychomotor outcome in patients with perinatal asphyxia with versus without therapeutic hypothermia at 4 years using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire screening tool. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2016; 20:545-8. [PMID: 26970946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Therapeutic hypothermia improves outcome after perinatal asphyxia. The Ages and Stages Questionnaire is a screening tool to detect neurodevelopmental delay. In this study we examined the outcome of patients with perinatal asphyxia (defined as Apgar score <5 at 10 min, or continued need for resuscitation, or pH < 7.00 in umbilical cord or within one hour after birth) with and without therapeutic hypothermia treatment at the age of four years. METHODS Cohort study of patients with perinatal asphyxia admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Units of the VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam and the Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht in the year 2008. Parents were asked to fill out the 48 months Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). In Wilhelmina Children's Hospital treatment with therapeutic hypothermia was implemented in 2008, in the VU University Medical Center in 2009, providing a historical cohort. RESULTS/DISCUSSION Twenty-three questionnaires were evaluated. Response rate of questionnaires for the VU Medical Center was 63% (n = 10) and Wilhelmina's Childrens Hospital 93% (n = 13). No significant differences were found in the mean scores between both groups. However, the untreated group scored more frequently under the -2 SD threshold. In the fine motor skills domain the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.031). In the treated group no patients developed cerebral palsy and in the untreated group two patients developed cerebral palsy. CONCLUSION In this study patients treated with hypothermia tend to have a better neurodevelopmental outcome. No significant differences were found between the two groups, apart from the fine motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Zonnenberg
- Department of Neonatology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - C Koopman
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/ University Medical Center, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - P E M van Schie
- Department Rehabilitation Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - R J Vermeulen
- Department of Child Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - F Groenendaal
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/ University Medical Center, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - M M van Weissenbruch
- Department of Neonatology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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Königs M, van Heurn LWE, Vermeulen RJ, Goslings JC, Luitse JSK, Poll-Thé BT, Beelen A, van der Wees M, Kemps RJJK, Catsman-Berrevoets CE, Luman M, Oosterlaan J. Feedback learning and behavior problems after pediatric traumatic brain injury. Psychol Med 2016; 46:1473-1484. [PMID: 26951460 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feedback learning is essential for behavioral development. We investigated feedback learning in relation to behavior problems after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD Children aged 6-13 years diagnosed with TBI (n = 112; 1.7 years post-injury) were compared with children with traumatic control (TC) injury (n = 52). TBI severity was defined as mild TBI without risk factors for complicated TBI (mildRF- TBI, n = 24), mild TBI with ⩾1 risk factor for complicated TBI (mildRF+ TBI, n = 51) and moderate/severe TBI (n = 37). The Probabilistic Learning Test was used to measure feedback learning, assessing the effects of inconsistent feedback on learning and generalization of learning from the learning context to novel contexts. The relation between feedback learning and behavioral functioning rated by parents and teachers was explored. RESULTS No evidence was found for an effect of TBI on learning from inconsistent feedback, while the moderate/severe TBI group showed impaired generalization of learning from the learning context to novel contexts (p = 0.03, d = -0.51). Furthermore, the mildRF+ TBI and moderate/severe TBI groups had higher parent and teacher ratings of internalizing problems (p's ⩽ 0.04, d's ⩾ 0.47) than the TC group, while the moderate/severe TBI group also had higher parent ratings of externalizing problems (p = 0.006, d = 0.58). Importantly, poorer generalization of learning predicted higher parent ratings of externalizing problems in children with TBI (p = 0.03, β = -0.21) and had diagnostic utility for the identification of children with TBI and clinically significant externalizing behavior problems (area under the curve = 0.77, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Moderate/severe pediatric TBI has a negative impact on generalization of learning, which may contribute to post-injury externalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Königs
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology,VU University Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - L W E van Heurn
- Pediatric Surgical Center of Amsterdam,Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center and VU University Medical Center,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - R J Vermeulen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology,VU University Medical Center,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - J C Goslings
- Trauma Unit,Academic Medical Center,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - J S K Luitse
- Department of Emergency Medicine,Academic Medical Center,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - B T Poll-Thé
- Department of Pediatric Neurology,Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - A Beelen
- Department of Rehabilitation,Academic Medical Center,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - M van der Wees
- Libra Rehabilitation Center 'Blixembosch',Eindhoven,The Netherlands
| | - R J J K Kemps
- Libra Rehabilitation Center 'Leijpark',Tilburg,The Netherlands
| | | | - M Luman
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology,VU University Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - J Oosterlaan
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology,VU University Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
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11
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Burger NB, Adriaanse BME, Vermeulen RJ, Tan-Sindhunata MB, de Vries JIP. Déjerine-Sottas syndrome: Prenatal and postnatal postural and motor assessment. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2015; 36:408-9. [PMID: 26467680 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2015.1086986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N B Burger
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - B M E Adriaanse
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - R J Vermeulen
- b Department of Child Neurology , Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , the Netherlands
| | - M B Tan-Sindhunata
- c Department of Clinical Genetics , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - J I P de Vries
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
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12
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van de Pol LA, van Doeveren TEM, van der Kuip M, Wolf NI, Vermeulen RJ. Pediatric neurocysticercosis: three cases presented in the Netherlands with divergent clinical presentations. Neuropediatrics 2015; 46:130-3. [PMID: 25642807 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1399753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurocysticercosis is a helminthic disease that affects the central nervous system by the larvae of the Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm. Because of the growing number of immigrants from endemic areas, its incidence is increasing in Western Europe. CASES We describe three children, aged between 2 and 13 years, two of whom have a definite and one a probable diagnosis of neurocysticercosis based on the "Del Brutto criteria." They presented with different symptoms and signs: symptomatic epilepsy, asymmetric cerebral palsy, and headache. Serological evaluation was negative in two of the three cases. All cases showed comparable abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain: solitary or multiple, cystic lesions, with surrounding edema. In one of them, the "scolex" (part of the larvae) could be visualized. One case was treated with albendazole, the other two cases did not receive medication. CONCLUSION A prompt diagnosis of neurocysticercosis by recognition of its typical brain lesions is important to prevent unnecessary diagnostic tests and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A van de Pol
- Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T E M van Doeveren
- Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M van der Kuip
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N I Wolf
- Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R J Vermeulen
- Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Warnink-Kavelaars J, Vermeulen RJ, Becher JG. Study protocol: precision of a protocol for manual intramuscular needle placement checked by passive stretching and relaxing of the target muscle in the lower extremity during BTX-A treatment in children with spastic cerebral palsy, as verified by means of electrical stimulation. BMC Pediatr 2013; 13:129. [PMID: 23967895 PMCID: PMC3765895 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin type-A given by manual intramuscular needle placement in the lower extremity under general anaesthesia is an established treatment and standard of care in managing spasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Optimal needle placement is essential. However, reports of injection and verification techniques used in previous studies have been partly incomplete and there are methodological shortcomings. This paper describes a detailed protocol for manual intramuscular needle placement checked by passive stretching and relaxing of the target muscle for each individual muscle injection location in the lower extremity during botulinum toxin type-A treatment under general anaesthesia in children with spastic cerebral palsy. It explains the design of a study to verify this protocol, which consists of an injection technique combined with a needle localizing technique, as by means of electrical stimulation to determine its precision. METHODS SETTING University Medical Centre, Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, the Netherlands. DESIGN prospective observational study. PARTICIPANTS children with spastic cerebral palsy, aged 4 to 18 years, receiving regular botulinum toxin type-A treatment under general anaesthesia to improve their mobility, are recruited from the Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation Medicine at VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. METHOD a detailed protocol for manual intramuscular needle placement checked by passive stretching and relaxing of the target muscle has been developed for each individual muscle injection location of the adductor brevis muscle, adductor longus muscle, gracilis muscle, semimembranosus muscle, semitendinosus muscle, biceps femoris muscle, rectus femoris muscle, gastrocnemius lateralis muscle, gastrocnemius medialis muscle and soleus muscle. This protocol will be verified as by means of electrical stimulation.Technical details: 25 mm or 50 mm Stimuplex-needle and a Stimuplex-HNS-12 electrical stimulator will be used. DISCUSSION Botulinum toxin type-A injected in the intended muscle is expected to yield the greatest effect in terms of activities. Protocols for manual intramuscular needle placement should be described in detail and verified to determine its precision. Detailed and verified protocols are essential to be able to interpret the results of botulinum toxin type-A treatment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Warnink-Kavelaars
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Boelelaan 1018, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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14
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van Harssel JJT, Weckhuysen S, van Kempen MJA, Hardies K, Verbeek NE, de Kovel CGF, Gunning WB, van Daalen E, de Jonge MV, Jansen AC, Vermeulen RJ, Arts WFM, Verhelst H, Fogarasi A, de Rijk-van Andel JF, Kelemen A, Lindhout D, De Jonghe P, Koeleman BPC, Suls A, Brilstra EH. Clinical and genetic aspects of PCDH19-related epilepsy syndromes and the possible role of PCDH19 mutations in males with autism spectrum disorders. Neurogenetics 2013; 14:23-34. [PMID: 23334464 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-013-0353-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females (EFMR), caused by PCDH19 mutations, has a variable clinical expression that needs further exploration. Onset of epilepsy may be provoked by fever and can resemble Dravet syndrome. Furthermore, transmitting males have no seizures, but are reported to have rigid personalities suggesting possible autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Therefore, this study aimed to determine the phenotypic spectrum associated with PCDH19 mutations in Dravet-like and EFMR female patients and in males with ASD. We screened 120 females suffering from Dravet-like epilepsy, 136 females with EFMR features and 20 males with ASD. Phenotypes and genotypes of the PCDH19 mutation carriers were compared with those of 125 females with EFMR reported in the literature. We report 15 additional patients with a PCDH19 mutation. Review of clinical data of all reported patients showed that the clinical picture of EFMR is heterogeneous, but epilepsy onset in infancy, fever sensitivity and occurrence of seizures in clusters are key features. Seizures remit in the majority of patients during teenage years. Intellectual disability and behavioural disturbances are common. Fifty percent of all mutations are missense mutations, located in the extracellular domains only. Truncating mutations have been identified in all protein domains. One ASD proband carried one missense mutation predicted to have a deleterious effect, suggesting that ASD in males can be associated with PCDH19 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J T van Harssel
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85090, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Ketelslegers IA, Catsman-Berrevoets CE, Neuteboom RF, Boon M, van Dijk KGJ, Eikelenboom MJ, Gooskens RHJM, Niks EH, Overweg-Plandsoen WCG, Peeters EAJ, Peeters-Scholte CMPCD, Poll-The BT, de Rijk-van Andel JF, Samijn JPA, Snoeck IN, Stroink H, Vermeulen RJ, Verrips A, Vles JSH, Willemsen MAAP, Rodrigues Pereira R, Hintzen RQ. Incidence of acquired demyelinating syndromes of the CNS in Dutch children: a nationwide study. J Neurol 2012; 259:1929-35. [PMID: 22349866 PMCID: PMC3432787 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-012-6441-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS) can be a first presentation of multiple sclerosis (MS) in children. The incidence of these disorders in Europe is currently unknown. Children (<18 years old) living in the Netherlands who presented with ADS were included from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2010 by the Dutch pediatric MS study group and the Dutch surveillance of rare pediatric disorders. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Eighty-six patients were identified over 4 years, resulting in an incidence of 0.66/1,00,000 per year. Most patients presented with polyfocal ADS without encephalopathy (30%), followed by polyfocal ADS with encephalopathy (24%), optic neuritis (ON, 22%), monofocal ADS (16%), transverse myelitis (3%), and neuromyelitis optica (3%). Patients with polyfocal ADS with encephalopathy were younger (median 3.9 years) than patients with ON (median 14.6 years, p < 0.001) or monofocal ADS (median 16.0 years, p < 0.001). Patients with polyfocal ADS without encephalopathy (median 9.2 years) were also younger than monofocal ADS patients (median 16.0 years, p < 0.001). There was a slight female preponderance in all groups except the ON group, and a relatively large number of ADS patients (29%) reported a non-European ancestry. Familial autoimmune diseases were reported in 23%, more often in patients with relapsing disease than monophasic disease (46 vs. 15%, p = 0.002) and occurring most often in the maternal family (84%, p < 0.001). During the study period, 23% of patients were subsequently diagnosed with MS. The annual incidence of ADS in the Netherlands is 0.66/1,00,000 children/year. A polyfocal disease onset of ADS was most common.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Ketelslegers
- MS Centre ErasMS, Department of Neurology, Room Ee 2230, Erasmus MC, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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van Kampen PM, Ledebt A, Smorenburg ARP, Vermeulen RJ, Kelder ME, van der Kamp J, Savelsbergh GJP. Gaze behaviour during interception in children with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil 2012; 33:45-53. [PMID: 22093647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Anticipatory gaze behaviour during interceptive movements was investigated in children with Spastic Unilateral Cerebral Palsy (SUCP), and related to the side of the intracerebral lesion. Five children with lesions of the right hemisphere (RHL) and five children with lesions of the left hemisphere (LHL) had to walk towards and intercept a ball that moved perpendicular to the walking path. Interception accuracy and gaze patterns were measured in a no-occlusion and occlusion condition, in which the ball was occluded from view for half of its trajectory. There was a clear support for a relationship between gaze behaviour and success in interception performance, with some evidence for the presence of anticipatory gaze behaviour. There were also differences in gaze behaviour between children with RHL and children with LHL that might be related to planning, but these did not affect interception accuracy. It is concluded that gaze behaviour during interceptive movements is anticipatory, and at least partly dependent on the lesional side.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M van Kampen
- Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5 GD, UK.
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17
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van Egmond ME, Vermeulen RJ, Peeters-Scholte CMPCD, Augoustides-Savvopoulou P, Abbink F, Boelens JJ, van der Knaap MS. Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a pediatric patient diagnosed by brain magnetic resonance imaging. Neuropediatrics 2011; 42:191-3. [PMID: 21959744 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1287788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (fHLH) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by proliferation and infiltration of several organs by activated lymphocytes and macrophages. Without allogeneic stem cell transplantation, fHLH is fatal. We describe a previously healthy 11-month-old boy with a rapidly progressive encephalopathy. An older brother died at 8 months following a subacute encephalopathy diagnosed as meningoencephalitis. The family history led to the suspicion of a metabolic disease, but metabolic studies were unrevealing. MRI showed multiple inhomogeneous signal abnormalities in the cortex and white matter, most prominent in the cerebral hemispheres and around the dentate nucleus. Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images showed a multitude of enhancing foci, suggestive of perivascular enhancement. Based on MRI pattern with multiple lesions, perivascular enhancement and family history, fHLH was suspected. DNA analysis showed that the patient was compound-heterozygous for the c.445 G>A (p.Gly149Ser) mutation in exon 1 and the c.757 G>A (p.Glu253Lys) mutation in exon 2 of the perforin 1 gene. The patient was treated according to the international HLH-2004 protocol (dexamethasone, etoposide, cyclosporine, intrathecal methotrexate and prednisolone) followed by allogeneic cord blood transplantation. He showed a significant neurological and radiological improvement. The reported case demonstrates that MRI pattern recognition can lead to early diagnosis of fHLH, with subsequent adequate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E van Egmond
- Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Vermeulen RJ, Peeters-Scholte C, Van Vugt JJM, Barkhof F, Rizzu P, van der Schoor SRD, van der Knaap MS, van der Knaap MS. Fetal origin of brain damage in 2 infants with a COL4A1 mutation: fetal and neonatal MRI. Neuropediatrics 2011; 42:1-3. [PMID: 21500141 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene COL4A1, encoding collagen IV A1, are associated with familial porencephaly. Previously, COL4A1 mutation-associated antenatal hemorrhages have been suggested by early post-natal imaging. We describe 2 children with fetal intracerebral hemorrhages and a COL4A1 mutation. There was also extensive hemispheric tissue loss in both infants and loss of cerebellar tissue in one infant. This paper show prenatal evidence of fetal hemorrhage in association with a COL4A1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Vermeulen
- Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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19
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Grunt S, Henneman WJP, Bakker MJ, Harlaar J, van der Ouwerkerk WJR, van Schie P, Reeuwijk A, Becher JG, Vermeulen RJ. Effect of selective dorsal rhizotomy on gait in children with bilateral spastic paresis: kinematic and EMG-pattern changes. Neuropediatrics 2010; 41:209-16. [PMID: 21210336 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1267983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is an effective treatment for reducing spasticity and improving gait in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Data concerning muscle activity changes after SDR treatment are limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 30 children who underwent SDR a gait analysis was performed before and 12-24 months postoperatively. Subjects walked on a 10-m walkway at comfortable walking speed. Biplanar video was registered and surface EMG was recorded. Sagittal knee angles were measured from video and observational gait assessments were performed using the Edinburgh gait assessment scale (EGAS). RESULTS The EGAS significantly improved after SDR (p<0.001). There were significant improvements of the knee angle kinematics (p<0.001). Only slight changes in EMG activity were observed. The activity of the m. gastrocnemius (GM) decreased and a late peak appeared in stance, the activity of the m. semitendinosus (ST) increased in stance. The activity of the m. rectus femoris (RF) decreased in swing. CONCLUSION SDR improved overall gait performance but EMG changes were only slight. Better timing of the GM in stance and reduced activity of RF in swing may have increased knee flexion in swing. Reduced hamstrings spasticity may have led to postural instability in the hip.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Grunt
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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20
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van der Voorn JP, Pouwels PJ, Vermeulen RJ, Barkhof F, van der Knaap MS, Barkhof F, van der Knaap MS, Van der Knaap M. Quantitative MR imaging and spectroscopy in congenital cytomegalovirus infection and periventricular leukomalacia suggests a comparable neuropathological substrate of the cerebral white matter lesions. Neuropediatrics 2009; 40:168-73. [PMID: 20135574 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Congenital CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) infection and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) both lead to static cerebral white matter lesions. In contrast to PVL, the neuropathologicAL substrate of these lesions in congenital CMV is not clear. By comparing changes in quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) parameters and MR spectroscopy metabolite concentrations we wanted to determine whether the nature of the white matter pathology in congenital CMV infection could be similar to the known pathology of PVL. Diffusion parameters, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA), magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) and MR spectroscopy concentrations were studied in white matter lesions in five patients with a congenital CMV infection and six patients with PVL. In both groups ADC values were increased, FA and MTR values were reduced, concentrations of total N-acetylaspartate and choline-containing compounds were reduced; and MYO-inositol concentrations were slightly increased. No differences were found between the two groups, suggesting that the pathology of the white matter lesions in congenital CMV infections is similar to that of PVL and also characterized by axonal losses, lack of myelin deposition due to oligodendrocytic losses, and astrogliosis. Congenital CMV infection and PVL affect the cerebral white matter in the same developmental period when immature oligodendrocytes are particularly vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P van der Voorn
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Bonouvrié LA, van Schie PEM, Becher JG, van Ouwerkerk WJR, Vermeulen RJ. Satisfaction with intrathecal baclofen treatment in paediatric patients with progressive neurological disease. Dev Med Child Neurol 2008; 50:636-8. [PMID: 18754905 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03034.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Neuteboom RF, Boon M, Catsman Berrevoets CE, Vles JS, Gooskens RH, Stroink H, Vermeulen RJ, Rotteveel JJ, Ketelslegers IA, Peeters E, Poll-The BT, De Rijk-Van Andel JF, Verrips A, Hintzen RQ. Prognostic factors after a first attack of inflammatory CNS demyelination in children. Neurology 2008; 71:967-73. [PMID: 18672475 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000316193.89691.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify clinical, radiologic, or CSF factors that predict conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS) after a first attack of inflammatory demyelination in children. METHODS In this nationwide retrospective multicenter study in the Netherlands, 117 children below age 16 were included. Fifty-four children presented with a monofocal clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and 63 children with a polyfocal CIS (PCIS). RESULTS A second MS-defining attack occurred in 43% of the CIS cases, compared to 21% of the patients with PCIS onset (p < 0.006). Basal ganglia and thalamic lesions and lesions larger than 2 cm on MRI (considered typical of ADEM) were observed during PCIS, irrespective of the presence of encephalopathy. No significant difference in developing MS was found in children with PCIS with or without encephalopathy. Elevated IgG index and presence of oligoclonal CSF bands were more often observed in children who developed MS. Both Barkhof and KIDMUS MRI criteria shared a high specificity and had a high positive predictive value for conversion to MS. In children under the age of 10, the Barkhof criteria had a higher sensitivity than the KIDMUS criteria, but still lower than in older children. CONCLUSIONS Barkhof and KIDMUS MRI criteria share a high specificity and positive prognostic value for conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS). Sensitivity of these criteria is poor, especially in children below 10 years of age. Basal ganglia lesions can occur in patients who later develop MS. A substantial number of patients presenting with polyfocal onset and no encephalopathy remained monophasic.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Neuteboom
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Voogdt KGJA, Vermeulen RJ, Verbeke JIML, Wijnaendts LCD, van Elburg RM. [Post-mortem MRI in newborns when autopsy is not permitted]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2008; 152:1287-1291. [PMID: 18590065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
2 newborns, boys weighing 1400 and 950 g, died 2 and 8 hours after birth respectively. Autopsy was not permitted but MRI was possible. In the first newborn, characteristic abnormalities ofa Potter's sequence were found: pulmonary hypoplasia, missing kidneys and ureters and a rudimentary bladder. Clinically, a small chest, low-positioned ears, a flattened nose, a retracted chin, contractures of both knees and a talipes equinus of both feet had already been observed. In the second newborn, an MRI scan of the skull revealed a torn cerebellar tentorium with intracranial bleeding. The cause of death in newborns is often unknown. Autopsy is the gold standard for determining the cause of death. However for a variety of reasons, many parents do not give informed consent for autopsy. In such cases, post-mortem MRI may be an alternative. Abnormalities ofthe central nervous system, muscles and internal organs can usually be clearly visualized using MRI. However, the diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities using this technique is more difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G J A Voogdt
- Afd. Kindergeneeskunde, VU Medisch Centrum, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam
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24
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Willems WF, Wieringa JW, Vermeulen RJ, Veenhoven RH. [Limping in toddlers due to disorders of the spine and spinal cord]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2007; 151:2297-2301. [PMID: 18064928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Limping is a frequent symptom during childhood and can be caused by a variety ofdiseases, the most common causes being trauma and infections of the bones or joints. The authors describe three cases of limping in toddlers caused by infrequent spinal diseases. The toddlers presented with limping without a preceding trauma. In the first patient, an 18-month-old girl, the limping was caused by spondylodiscitis. She recovered completely after antibiotics. The second patient, a 13-month-old boy, presented with limping caused by neuroblastoma with extensive bone metastasis. Despite chemotherapy and partial resection of the neuroblastoma, the boy did not survive. In the last patient, a 19-month-old girl, the limping was caused by an intraspinal intramedullary astrocytoma. She recovered after partial resection of the tumour. In young children presenting with limping, diagnoses involving the spine should also be considered because early intervention can influence the prognosis favourably.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Willems
- Spaarne Ziekenhuis, afd. Kindergeneeskunde, Postbus 770, 2130 AT Hoofddorp
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25
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van Schie PEM, Becher JG, Dallmeijer AJ, Barkhof F, Weissenbruch MM, Vermeulen RJ. Motor outcome at the age of one after perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Neuropediatrics 2007; 38:71-7. [PMID: 17712734 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this report is to describe the motor outcome in one year-old children who were born at full-term with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Relationships between motor ability tests and neurological examination at one year, and between these tests and neonatal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were investigated. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS 32 surviving children, born full-term with perinatal HIE, are included in this report. All children had a neonatal MRI. At one year, motor ability was assessed with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (2nd version). Neurological examinations included the neurological optimality score (NOS). RESULTS At one year, 14 children (44%) had normal motor ability, nine (28%) had mildly delayed, and nine had significantly delayed motor ability. The NOS ranged from 14.6-27 points. All children with normal motor ability had (near) optimal NOS, however, not all children with high NOS had normal motor ability. Eleven children (34%) had normal neonatal MRI; at one year, six of them had normal, and five had mildly delayed motor ability. Eight children with normal motor ability showed abnormalities on neonatal MRI. CONCLUSION Neonatal brain MRI does not predict motor outcome at one year. Motor ability tests and neurological examinations should be used in a complementary manner to describe outcome after HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E M van Schie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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26
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van Furth AM, Vermeulen RJ, Plötz FB. [Pneumococcal vaccination; arguments for informing parents about the options available]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2005; 149:2024-5. [PMID: 16171119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
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27
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Abstract
Birth asphyxia is a major concern in neonatal care. Epileptic seizures are associated with subsequent neurodevelopmental deficits. Eighty-five percent of these seizures remain subclinical and therefore an on-line monitoring device is needed. In an earlier study we showed that the synchronization likelihood was able to distinguish between neonatal EEG epochs with and without epileptic seizures. In this study we investigated whether the synchronization likelihood can be used in complete EEGs, without artifact removal. Twenty complete EEGs from 20 neonatal patients were studied. The synchronization likelihood was calculated and correlated with the visual scoring done by 3 experts. In addition, we determined the influence of seizure length on the likelihood of detection. Using the raw unfiltered EEG data we found a sensitivity of 65.9 % and a specificity of 89.8 % for the detection of seizure activity in each epoch. In addition, the seizure detection rate was 100 % when the seizures lasted for 100 seconds or more. The synchronization likelihood seems to be a useful tool in the automatic monitoring of epileptic seizures in infants on the neonatal ward. Due to the retrospective nature of our study, the consequences for clinical intervention cannot yet be determined and prospective studies are needed. Therefore, we will conduct a prospective study on the neonatal intensive care unit with a recently developed on-line version of the synchronization likelihood analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Smit
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology/MEG Centre, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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Vermeulen RJ, Sie LTL, Jonkman EJ, Strijers RLM, Lafeber HN, Uitdehaag BMJ, van der Knaap MS. Predictive value of EEG in neonates with periventricular leukomalacia. Dev Med Child Neurol 2003; 45:586-90. [PMID: 12948325 DOI: 10.1017/s0012162203001087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether EEG (i.e. positive Rolandic sharp waves) can be used to predict neurodevelopment in newborn infants with periventricular leukomalacia and compare the predictive value with that of MRI. A sequential cohort of neonates (n=45; 33 males, 12 females; mean gestational age 31.2 weeks, SD 2.7, range 27 to 37.8 weeks; mean birthweight 1592 g, SD 601 g) with periventricular hyperechogenicities on cranial ultrasound was recruited for this study. EEGs were analyzed for positive Rolandic sharp waves. Neurodevelopment was evaluated at the ages of 12 and 18 months. In the whole group the probability of a poor outcome was 24% and the probability of any impairment was 33%. If the number of positive Rolandic sharp waves was no more than 0.1 per minute, the probability of a poor outcome was reduced to 9% (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 2 to 27%) and the probability of any impairment was reduced to 13% (95%CI 4 to 32%). In all infants with more than 0.1 positive Rolandic sharp waves per minute the probability of a poor outcome was 41% (95%CI 23 to 61%) and of any impairment was 55% (95%CI 34 to 73%). In these infants MRI identified infants with a poor outcome with a sensitivity of 1.00 (95%CI 0.70 to 1.00) and a specificity of 0.92 (95%CI 0.67 to 0.99), and infants with any impairment with a sensitivity of 0.83 (95%CI 0.55 to 0.95) and a specificity of 1.00 (95%CI 0.72 to 1.00). Results suggest that if an EEG of an infant with periventricular leukomalacia contains no more than 0.1 positive Rolandic sharp waves per minute the probability of a normal or mildly delayed development is high (0.91, 95%CI 0.73 to 0.98). MRI enhances the accuracy of the outcome prediction slightly; however, owing to a wide confidence interval, this advantage is negligible. However, if the frequency of the positive Rolandic sharp waves exceeds 0.1per minute, MRI can significantly enhance the precision of the prediction of outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Vermeulen
- Department of Child Neurology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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29
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Vermeulen RJ, Fetter WPF, Hendrikx L, Van Schie PEM, van der Knaap MS, Barkhof F. Diffusion-weighted MRI in severe neonatal hypoxic ischaemia: the white cerebrum. Neuropediatrics 2003; 34:72-6. [PMID: 12776227 DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-39599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Presently, prognosis of infants with perinatal hypoxia-ischaemia is estimated using the Sarnat scale, which combines clinical evaluation and electroencephalography, in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and or evoked potentials. While the value of conventional MRI is limited during the first week of life, diffusion-weighted MRI demonstrates effects of acute cerebral ischaemia within hours of onset. However, the exact value of diffusion MRI in the prognosis of infants with hypoxia-ischaemia has to be established in larger follow-up studies. In this report we describe 5 term (post-conceptional age 40 1/7 to 41 2/7 week) neonates with severe hypoxia-ischaemia and a characteristic pattern of diffusion changes. T 1 -weighted images showed a hyperintense cortical signal in only one case and extensive hyperintensity in the basal nuclei in all 5 cases. T 2 -weighted images showed nearly complete loss of cortical delineation in three cases. Increased signal on diffusion-weighted images was seen throughout all cortical and subcortical areas while the cerebellum remained normal. This pattern, which we refer to as the "white cerebrum", is most readily apparent on coronal images. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated and compared to that of four control infants. In the cortex ADC values were lowered (0.70 +/- 0.17 micro m 2/msec [mean +/- standard deviation (SD)]; controls [n = 4]: 1.18 +/- 0.02 micro m 2/msec) as compared to values of ADC in the cerebellum (1.31 +/- 0.06 micro m 2/msec [mean +/- SD]; controls [n = 4]: 1.25 +/- 0.06 micro m 2/msec). All infants died in the perinatal period. In summary, the "white cerebrum" on diffusion-weighted MRI indicates severe neonatal hypoxia-ischaemia and is the counterpart of the white cerebellum on CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Vermeulen
- Department of Child Neurology, VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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30
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Kapeller P, Barber R, Vermeulen RJ, Adèr H, Scheltens P, Freidl W, Almkvist O, Moretti M, del Ser T, Vaghfeldt P, Enzinger C, Barkhof F, Inzitari D, Erkinjunti T, Schmidt R, Fazekas F. Visual rating of age-related white matter changes on magnetic resonance imaging: scale comparison, interrater agreement, and correlations with quantitative measurements. Stroke 2003; 34:441-5. [PMID: 12574557 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000049766.26453.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To provide further insight into the MRI assessment of age-related white matter changes (ARWMCs) with visual rating scales, 3 raters with different levels of experience tested the interrater agreement and comparability of 3 widely used rating scales in a cross-sectional and follow-up setting. Furthermore, the correlation between visual ratings and quantitative volumetric measurement was assessed. METHODS Three raters from different sites using 3 established rating scales (Manolio, Fazekas and Schmidt, Scheltens) evaluated 74 baseline and follow-up scans from 5 European centers. One investigator also rated baseline scans in a set of 255 participants of the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study (ASPS) and measured the volume of ARWMCs. RESULTS The interrater agreement for the baseline investigation was fair to good for all scales (kappa values, 0.59 to 0.78). On the follow-up scans, all 3 raters depicted significant ARWMC progression; however, the direct interrater agreement for this task was poor (kappa, 0.19 to 0.39). Comparison of the interrater reliability between the 3 scales revealed a statistical significant difference between the scale of Manolio and that of Fazekas and Schmidt for the baseline investigation (z value, -2.9676; P=0.003), demonstrating better interrater agreement for the Fazekas and Schmidt scale. The rating results obtained with all 3 scales were highly correlated with each other (Spearman rank correlation, 0.712 to 0.806; P< or =0.01), and there was significant agreement between all 3 visual rating scales and the quantitative volumetric measurement of ARWMC (Kendall W, 0.37, 0.48, and 0.57; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that the 3 rating scales studied reflect the actual volume of ARWMCs well. The 2 scales that provide more detailed information on ARWMCs seemed preferential compared with the 1 that yields more global information. The visual assessment of ARWMC progression remains problematic and may require modifications or extensions of existing rating scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kapeller
- Department of Neurology, Karl-Franzens University, Graz, Austria
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Abstract
Demographic and clinical pharmacokinetic data collected from term and preterm neonates who were treated with intravenous phenobarbital have been analysed to evaluate the role of patient characteristics in pharmacokinetic parameters. Significant relationships between total body weight (TBW) or body surface area (BSA) and volume of distribution (Vd) and total body clearance (CL) were found. Coefficients of determination were: 0.55 and 0.59 for Vd, and 0.76 and 0.72 for CL against TBW and BSA, respectively. In addition, significant relationships between height of the infants and volume of distribution of phenobarbital and total body clearance were observed. Coefficients of determination were 0.58 for Vd and 0.56 for CL. A weaker but significant correlation existed between gestational age and Vd or CL of phenobarbital. Coefficients of determination were 0.43 and 0.64, respectively. There was no correlation between volume of distribution per kg body weight or total body clearance per kg body weight and any patient parameter investigated. However, these latter pharmacokinetic parameters tended to decrease with increasing gestational age and height of the neonates. The results obtained were used to develop new loading and maintenance doses for phenobarbital in neonates based on total body weight and body surface area and based on height and gestational age for cases that weight is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Touw
- Department of Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, De Boelelaan 1117, NL-1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Andringa G, Vermeulen RJ, Drukarch B, Renier WO, Stoof JC, Cools AR. The validity of the pretreated, unilaterally MPTP-treated monkeys as a model of Parkinson's disease: a detailed behavioural analysis of the therapeutic and undesired effects of the D2 agonist quinpirole and the D1 agonist SKF 81297. Behav Pharmacol 1999; 10:163-73. [PMID: 10780829 DOI: 10.1097/00008877-199903000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the validity of the pretreated, unilaterally MPTP-treated monkey as an animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD). For that purpose, a detailed ethogram was developed and assessed in four male rhesus monkeys that had received MPTP (2.5 mg) in the carotid artery contralateral to the dominant limb. Subsequently, the behavioural effects of the dopamine D2 agonist quinpirole and the dopamine D1 agonist SKF 81297 were studied. The ethogram was found to allow a clear-cut and objective separation of drug-induced behaviours into therapeutic and undesired effects in the MPTP-treated monkeys. Saline-treated monkeys predominantly displayed ipsilateral goal-directed fore-limb movements, and distinct types of ipsilaterally directed rotations. Although quinpirole and SKF 81297 increased motor behaviours, such as body displacement, contralateral fore-limb movements and contralateral rotational behaviours, assessment of the new detailed ethogram revealed that this increase was completely due to the activation of abnormal, non-goal-directed behaviours, such as dyskinetic fore-limb movements, pivoting and shuffling. Moreover, the new ethogram made clear that the drug treatments induced not only dyskinesia and dystonia, but also epileptoid behaviour, which was confirmed by EEG analysis. In summary, the detailed behavioural analysis showed that this model does not adequately predict the clinical effects of the D2 agonist. It is concluded that the pretreated, unilaterally MPTP-treated monkey is not a valid model to predict the therapeutic and undesired effects of dopaminergic drugs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Andringa
- Research Institute Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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33
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Andringa G, Vermeulen RJ, Drukarch B, Stoof JC, Cools AR. Dopamine receptor subtypes as targets for the pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease. Adv Pharmacol 1997; 42:792-5. [PMID: 9328017 DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60866-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/analogs & derivatives
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antiparkinson Agents
- Benzazepines/pharmacology
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Haplorhini
- Levodopa/pharmacology
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/drug therapy
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/metabolism
- Quinpirole/pharmacology
- Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- G Andringa
- Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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34
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Booij J, Andringa G, Rijks LJ, Vermeulen RJ, De Bruin K, Boer GJ, Janssen AG, Van Royen EA. [123I]FP-CIT binds to the dopamine transporter as assessed by biodistribution studies in rats and SPECT studies in MPTP-lesioned monkeys. Synapse 1997; 27:183-90. [PMID: 9329154 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(199711)27:3<183::aid-syn4>3.0.co;2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
[123I]FP-CIT (N-omega-fluoropropyl-2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-iodophenyl)-tropane), a radioiodinated cocaine analogue, was evaluated as an agent for the in vivo labeling of dopamine (DA) transporters by biodistribution studies in rats and by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies in unilateral 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned monkeys. In rats, intravenous injection of [123I]FP-CIT resulted in high accumulation of radioactivity in the striatum. Less pronounced uptake was seen in brain areas with high densities of serotonergic uptake sites. While striatal uptake of radioactivity after injection of [123I]FP-CIT was displaced significantly by GBR12,909 but not by fluvoxamine, the opposite was observed in brain areas known to be rich of serotonin transporters. Monkeys which were unilaterally treated with neurotoxic doses of MPTP showed severe loss of striatal [123I]FP-CIT uptake at the side of treatment. The results of this study indicate that [123I]FP-CIT, although not being a selective radioligand, binds specifically to the striatal DA transporter in vivo and thus suggest that [123I]FP-CIT promises to be a suitable radioligand for SPECT imaging of DA transporters in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Booij
- Graduate School of Neurosciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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35
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Rijks LJ, Booij J, Doornbos T, Boer GJ, Ronken E, de Bruin K, Vermeulen RJ, Janssen AG, Van Royen EA. In vitro and in vivo characterization of newly developed iodinated 1-[2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl]piperazine derivatives in rats: limited value as dopamine transporter SPECT ligands. Synapse 1996; 23:201-7. [PMID: 8807748 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(199607)23:3<201::aid-syn9>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of 1-{2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl}piperazines (CYD1, 2, 3, 5) with a 4-substituent incorporating a 1-hydroxy-3-iodo-2-propenyl moiety, except CYD2 which lacks the hydroxy, was synthesized as potential in vivo imaging ligands for the dopamine transporter. For two of the piperazine derivatives (CYD3 and 5), possible stereoselectivity was considered as well (both E- and Z-form). Their in vitro potency for inhibition of [3H]dopamine uptake in rat striatal synaptosomes was 10-fold lower than that of GBR 12,909 used as a reference. The highest Ki values were 137 and 101 nM for CYD1E and CYD3E, respectively. Inhibition potency was higher for the E- than for the Z-isomers. In vivo distribution of radioactivity in rats injected with the 123I-labeled CYDs showed preferred striatal uptake for CYD1E and CYD3E as compared to the cerebellum and occipital cortex. Although the E-isomer of CYD3 showed the best in vitro and in vivo binding characteristics, its striatal uptake ratios (maximal value: 2.7 for striatum-to-cerebellum at 4 h p.i.) are too low to consider application in human Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Rijks
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Neurosciences Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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36
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Vermeulen RJ, Wolters EC, Tissingh G, Booij J, Janssen AG, Habraken J, Sokole-Busemann E, Stoof JC, Van Royen EA. Evaluation of [123I] beta-CIT binding with SPECT in controls, early and late Parkinson's disease. Nucl Med Biol 1995; 22:985-91. [PMID: 8998476 DOI: 10.1016/0969-8051(95)02020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The main neuropathological feature in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra resulting in a loss of dopamine in the striatum. Recently, a new radioligand (beta-CIT) for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) became available for in vivo imaging of the dopamine transporter on nerve endings of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum. The present results demonstrate that [123I]-beta-CIT SPECT allows a discrimination between early and late PD patients. In our opinion, these preliminary data suggest that [123I]-beta-CIT SPECT should be used from now on in longitudinal studies (such as the DATATOP study) in which the effects of (putative) neuroprotective interventions in PD are monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Vermeulen
- Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit, Netherlands
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37
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Vermeulen RJ, Drukarch B, Sahadat MC, Goosen C, Schoffelmeer AN, Wolters EC, Stoof JC. Morphine and naltrexone modulate D2 but not D1 receptor induced motor behavior in MPTP-lesioned monkeys. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1995; 118:451-9. [PMID: 7568632 DOI: 10.1007/bf02245946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Interactions at the behavioral level between dopamine (DA) and opioid receptors in the mammalian brain have been amply demonstrated. Considering the pivotal role for DA receptors in the pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease (PD), these interactions might be clinically relevant. Therefore, in the present study the effects of the opioid antagonist naltrexone and agonist morphine on D1 and D2 receptor induced stimulation of motor behavior in the unilateral MPTP monkey model (n = 5) of PD were investigated. The results show that both naltrexone and morphine [0.1-1.0 mg/kg; intramuscular injection (IM)] inhibited D2 receptor stimulated contralateral rotational behavior and hand use induced by administration of quinpirole (LY 171555; 0.01 mg/kg, IM) in a dose-related way. However, no effects of these opioid drugs were observed on D1 receptor stimulated contralateral rotational behavior and hand use induced by administration of SKF 81297 (0.3 mg/kg, IM). Interestingly, the action of the alleged preferential mu-receptor antagonist naltrexone was mimicked by the selective delta-opioid antagonist naltrindole (0.5 mg/kg, IM). From this study it is concluded that in a non-human primate model of PD, alteration of opioid tonus leads to modulation of D2 receptor but not D1 receptor controlled motor behavior. The possible underlying mechanisms and clinical relevance of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Vermeulen
- Graduate School Neurosciences Amsterdam, Research Institute Neurosciences Vrije Universiteit, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, The Netherlands
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Vermeulen RJ, Drukarch B, Sahadat MC, Goosen C, Wolters EC, Stoof JC. The dopamine D1 agonist SKF 81297 and the dopamine D2 agonist LY 171555 act synergistically to stimulate motor behavior of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned parkinsonian rhesus monkeys. Mov Disord 1994; 9:664-72. [PMID: 7845408 DOI: 10.1002/mds.870090613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, the pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease (PD) consists mainly of L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) and/or dopamine D2 receptor agonists. However, in general the clinical efficacy of D2 agonists is less than that of L-DOPA. Therefore, attention is being focussed on the role of the D1 receptor as a target for therapeutic intervention in PD. Recently, we reported that SKF 81297 is a selective D1 agonist that stimulates motor behavior of unilaterally MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine)-lesioned rhesus monkeys. Presently, we studied the effect of coadministration of SKF 81297 and the D2 agonist LY 171555 using the same model of PD. Coadministration of behaviorally active doses of SKF 81297 (0.3 mg/kg) and LY 171555 (0.01 mg/kg) resulted in a prolongation of the motor stimulation induced by either of the drugs alone. Neither administration of SKF 81297, in a dose of 0.03 mg/kg, nor of LY 171555, in a dose of 0.003 mg/kg, were behaviorally active, whereas the combined administration of these compounds induced a significant stimulation of motor behavior. These data suggest that (a) D1 receptor stimulation will prove to be useful in the treatment of PD and (b) better therapeutic results will be obtained by simultaneous stimulation of D1 and D2 receptors as compared with stimulation of both receptors alone.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- Animals
- Benzazepines/pharmacology
- Corpus Striatum/drug effects
- Corpus Striatum/physiopathology
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Ergolines/pharmacology
- Macaca mulatta
- Male
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Motor Activity/physiology
- Motor Skills/drug effects
- Motor Skills/physiology
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/physiopathology
- Psychomotor Performance/drug effects
- Psychomotor Performance/physiology
- Quinpirole
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/physiology
- Stereotyped Behavior/drug effects
- Stereotyped Behavior/physiology
- Substantia Nigra/drug effects
- Substantia Nigra/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Vermeulen
- Graduate School Neurosciences Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands
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Vermeulen RJ, Jongenelen CA, Langeveld CH, Wolters EC, Stoof JC, Drukarch B. Dopamine D1 receptor agonists display a different intrinsic activity in rat, monkey and human astrocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 1994; 269:121-5. [PMID: 7828654 DOI: 10.1016/0922-4106(94)90034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Measuring dopamine D1 receptor stimulated cyclic AMP production in cultured astrocytes from rat, monkey and human brain, we demonstrate that the 'classical' drug SKF 38393 (7,8-dihydroxy-1- phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1 H-3-benzazepine) is a partial agonist with particularly low intrinsic activity in primates. Furthermore, its analogue SKF 81297 (6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5- tetrahydro-1 H-3-benzazepine) is shown to be a full agonist in rats but a partial, albeit more efficacious, agonist in primates, whereas the benzopyran A 68930 ((1R,3S)-1-aminomethyl-5,6- dihydroxy-3-phenyl-isochroman HCl) displays full efficacy in both species. The data suggest that cultured astrocytes provide a good model to study species differences in the pharmacological characteristics of dopamine D1 receptor agonists and indicate that SKF 38393 is not suited to study dopamine D1 receptor function in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Vermeulen
- Research Institute Neurosciences Vrije Universiteit, Department of Neurology, Graduate School Neurosciences Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Vermeulen RJ, Drukarch B, Verhoeff NP, Goosen C, Sahadat MC, Wolters EC, van Royen EA, Stoof JC. No direct correlation between behaviorally active doses of the dopamine D2 agonist LY 171555 and displacement of [123I]IBZM as measured with SPECT in MPTP monkeys. Synapse 1994; 17:115-24. [PMID: 7916490 DOI: 10.1002/syn.890170207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Almost no information is available concerning the link between clinical effects of dopamine D2 receptor agonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) and the extent of D2 receptor occupancy in the brain. Therefore, we investigated the possible correlation between administration of behaviorally active doses of the selective D2 agonist LY 171555 and in vivo D2 receptor occupancy in the unilateral 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-lesioned rhesus monkey model of PD. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with the D2 receptor antagonist [123I]IBZM (iodobenzamide) as radioligand was used to estimate the receptor occupancy. The MPTP-lesioned monkeys consistently showed signs of unilateral parkinsonism. LY 171555 (0.01 or 0.3 mg/kg) significantly increased contralateral rotation (away from the lesion), being most effective at the lower dose. In the MPTP-lesioned monkeys [123I]IBZM activity in the left (lesioned) striatum was significantly higher as compared to that in the right striatum. Only upon administration of 0.3 mg/kg LY 171555 a significant amount of receptor occupancy by LY 171555, as measured with [123I]IBZM SPECT, at both lesioned and non-lesioned side, was detected. Using D2 receptor mediated inhibition of the evoked release of [3H]acetylcholine from rat striatal tissue as a functional model, we showed that the lack of effect with 0.01 mg/kg LY 171555 was not due to non-competitive interaction between LY 171555 and IBZM at the D2 receptor. We conclude that the D2 antagonist [123I]IBZM is not a suitable SPECT ligand to study the relationship between behavioral effects of the selective D2 agonist LY 171555 in unilaterally MPTP-lesioned monkeys and the D2 receptor occupancy in vivo in this animal model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Vermeulen
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School Neuroscience Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
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Vermeulen RJ, Drukarch B, Sahadat MC, Goosen C, Wolters EC, Stoof JC. The selective dopamine D1 receptor agonist, SKF 81297, stimulates motor behaviour of MPTP-lesioned monkeys. Eur J Pharmacol 1993; 235:143-7. [PMID: 8100193 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(93)90834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The alleged selective, high efficacy dopamine D1 receptor agonist, SKF 81297 (0.05-0.3 mg/kg i.m.), induced rotational behaviour away from the lesion and stimulated use of the dominant right hand in unilaterally (left side) 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). The effects of SKF 81297 were completely blocked by the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist, SCH 23390 (0.05 mg/kg), but not by the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, remoxipride (1 mg/kg), and were similar to those induced by the selective dopamine D2 agonist, LY 171555 (0.01 mg/kg). These results suggest a functional stimulatory role for the dopamine D1 receptor on motor behaviour in a non-human primate model of Parkinson's disease when stimulated with a high efficacy selective dopamine D1 receptor agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Vermeulen
- Department of Neurology Free University Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Steinbusch HW, Vermeulen RJ, Tonnaer JA. Basic fibroblast growth factor enhances survival and sprouting of fetal dopaminergic cells implanted in the denervated rat caudate-putamen: preliminary observations. Prog Brain Res 1990; 82:81-6. [PMID: 2127121 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H W Steinbusch
- Dept. Pharmacology, Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Baars AJ, Vermeulen RJ, Breimer DD. Gas chromatographic determination of the laxative 1, 8-dihydroxyanthraquinone in urine and faeces. J Chromatogr A 1976; 120:217-20. [PMID: 1270548 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)99018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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