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Thekiya TSA, Walia T, Shetty RM, Berdouses ED, Hashim R, Al Jaghsi A. Variation of OXIS contact areas in primary molars among 3-6-year-old children with intraoral digital scanning. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024:10.1007/s40368-024-00902-w. [PMID: 38698225 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the variation of OXIS contact areas in primary molars using digital impressions generated from an intraoral scanner (IOS). METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out on 214 caries-free posterior quadrants of 80 children (38 males and 42 females) aged 3-6 years. Calibration of taking digital impressions with the IOS procedure was performed initially through scanning of ten quadrants of children to provide a learning environment to the examiner. The digital impressions were then exported, and the type of interproximal contact areas present between the distal surface of the primary first molar and the mesial surface of the primary second molar were identified according to the OXIS classification. The prevalence of the types of OXIS contact areas was expressed in the form of numbers and percentages. The chi-square test was applied to investigate the variability among the arches and to understand the association of OXIS contact areas across age, gender, and arches. RESULTS The most common contact area type observed was I-type (59.8%), followed by S-type (15.4%), X-type (12.6%), and O-type (12.2%). The I-type contact area was most frequently seen in both males (51.6%) and females (65.5%), while the S-type contact area in males (14.7%) and X-type contact area in females (8.4% each) were the least frequent with no statistical significance between genders (p > 0.05). All three age groups studied showed the highest prevalence of the I-type contact area, which increased with an increase in age (p < 0.05). The inter-arch comparison showed a significant result in terms of the X-type contact area on the right side, and O-type, X-type, and I-type contact areas on the left side, while no statistical difference was seen in the intra-arch comparison for all contact types. CONCLUSION I-type contact areas were the most prevalent across the arches, age groups and genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S A Thekiya
- Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - T Walia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - R M Shetty
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Declared As Deemed-to-Be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - E D Berdouses
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - R Hashim
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - A Al Jaghsi
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Dental Materials, Greifswald University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
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Tamim H, Hashim R, Jamil N, Chong LY, Johari Z. Clinical outcomes and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough cases following vaccination with BNT162b2, CoronaVac, or ChAdOx1-S: A retrospective cohort study in Malaysia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29574. [PMID: 38699728 PMCID: PMC11063388 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic drove global vaccination. However, breakthrough infections raised concerns about vaccine performance, leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to recommend investigations thereof. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes (time to breakthrough infection, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, and in-hospital mortality) of hospitalised patients with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection. This was the primary outcome and the risk factors associated with its severity were the secondary outcomes. Methods This retrospective cohort study at a multispecialty tertiary hospital in Selangor, Malaysia included 200 fully adult vaccinated patients, with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, admitted from September 2021 to February 2022. Participants were selected by simple random sampling. Infection severity was categorised as CAT 2-3 (mild-moderate) and 4-5 (severe-critical). Results The time to breakthrough infection was significantly longer for BNT162B2 recipients (128.47 ± 46.21 days) compared to CoronaVac (94.09 ± 48.71 days; P = 0.001) and ChAdOx1-S recipients (90.80 ± 37.59 days; P = 0.019). No significant associations were found between SARS-CoV-2-related ICU admission, mortality, and the vaccines. Multivariable analysis identified vaccine type, variant of concern, ethnicity, and hypertension as significant predictors of severity. BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1-S recipients had significantly (81 % and 74 %, respectively) lower odds of CAT 4-5 infection compared to CoronaVac recipients. Indian patients had a significantly (83 %) lower chance of CAT 4-5 infection compared to Malay patients. Patients with breakthrough infections during the Omicron period had a significantly (58 %) lower risk of CAT 4-5 compared to those in the Delta period. The CAT 4-5 risk was significantly (nearly threefold) higher in hypertensive patients. Conclusion The results support the Malaysian Ministry of Health's recommended booster three months after primary vaccination and the WHO's recommended heterologous booster following CoronaVac. Certain ethnic groups, hypertensive patients, and viral variants may require attention in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hessa Tamim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rosnani Hashim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurdiana Jamil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Li Yin Chong
- Sultan Idris Shah Serdang Hospital, Jalan Puchong, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zainol Johari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Nor Amdan NA, Zamri HF, Mohd Ali MR, Dahalan NA, Anak Maling DR, Wan Hamdan WAF, Che Unik NSI, Mohd Rof PHS, Hashim R, Ahmad N. Predominance of SCCmec type IV in community-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in multi-centre Malaysian hospitals. J Hosp Infect 2024; 143:113-114. [PMID: 37979625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N A Nor Amdan
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - H F Zamri
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M R Mohd Ali
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N A Dahalan
- National Blood Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - D R Anak Maling
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - W A F Wan Hamdan
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N S I Che Unik
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - P H S Mohd Rof
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R Hashim
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N Ahmad
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre (IDRC), Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health, Selangor, Malaysia
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Abd Rahman MR, Hassan Z, Hassan MS, Hashim R, Wong LS, Leong WY, Syd Jaafar SH, Salvamani S. Enhanced Goat Milk MUFA Quality via Date Pit Supplementation: A Time-Based Pattern Recognition Analysis Utilizing Agricultural Waste Byproduct. Int J Food Sci 2023; 2023:1797017. [PMID: 37350796 PMCID: PMC10284659 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1797017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Date pits are agricultural waste byproducts and are available in tons yearly. Milk MUFAs are lipids beneficial for health and sorted out for food product development. This work is aimed at researching the effect of supplementing dairy goats with date pit powder (DPP) as a source of fatty acids (FA), an alternative to enhancing the unsaturated FA in milk and analysed via chemometrics in a 3-month supplementation-based study. Saanen-Boer crossed dairy goats were divided into six groups comprising of control, 10 g and 20 g both for Ajwa DPP (high-quality dates) and Mariami DPP (agricultural waste byproduct), and another 30 g for Mariami DPP only. The supplementation exercise was done daily on each dairy goat. The DPP and milk samples were analysed for its FA profile applying GC-FID and followed by chemometric techniques, namely, PCA and PLS. Results indicated that the n-6/n-3 ratio was the highest for the unsupplemented group compared to the DPP-treated goats with lower n-6/n-3 ratios. The M30 group showcased the most promising health-related class of FAs viewed by 3D PCA and PLS model clustering patterns, in particular monounsaturated FA (MUFA) (C18:1n9c or oleic acid). These results suggest that Mariami DPP supplementation at higher doses and time to lactating Saanen-Boer cross goats can be a means to milk FA quantity and quality enhancement and that chemometrics via pattern recognition can be useful statistical tools when dealing with overwhelming data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Abd Rahman
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana Bandar Baru Nilai, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, N. Sembilan, Malaysia
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Z. Hassan
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - M. S. Hassan
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - R. Hashim
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - L. S. Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana Bandar Baru Nilai, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, N. Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - W. Y. Leong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana Bandar Baru Nilai, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, N. Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - S. H. Syd Jaafar
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - S. Salvamani
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Jamil N, Zainal ZA, Alias SH, Chong LY, Hashim R. A systematic review of behaviour change techniques in pharmacist-delivered self-management interventions towards patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Res Social Adm Pharm 2023:S1551-7411(23)00256-5. [PMID: 37202279 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-management interventions often employ behaviour change techniques in order to produce desired target behaviours that are necessary for day-to-day living with a chronic disease. Despite the large number of self-management interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), previously reported interventions have been typically delivered by healthcare providers other than the pharmacist. OBJECTIVE This systematic review examined the components of pharmacists-delivered COPD self-management interventions according to an established taxonomy of behaviour change techniques (BCTs). METHODS A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, ScienceDirect, OVID, and Google Scholar from January 2011 to December 2021 for studies of pharmacist-delivered self-management interventions in COPD patients. RESULTS A total of seventeen studies of intervention were eligible for inclusion in the narrative review. Interventions were educational and were delivered individually and face-to-face for the first session. Across studies, pharmacists spent an average of 35 min on the first meeting and had an average of 6 follow-up sessions. Recurrent BCTs in pharmacist interventions were "Information on the health consequence", "Feedback on behaviour", "Instruction on how to perform a behaviour", "Demonstration of the behaviour" and "Behavioural practice/rehearsal". CONCLUSIONS Pharmacists have provided interventions towards improving health behaviours, especially on adherence and usage of inhaler devices for patients with COPD. Future self-management interventions should be designed using the identified BCTs for the improvement of COPD self-management and disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurdiana Jamil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Zainol Akbar Zainal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Hazlina Alias
- Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Li Yin Chong
- Serdang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Puchong, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Rosnani Hashim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, 63000, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Wahab IA, Goh KW, Zainal ZA, Yusof NSM, Huri HZ, Jacob SA, Alwi MNM, Hashim R, Hisham SA, Jamil N. Targeted Primary and Secondary Preventive Strategies for Depression among Malaysian Pharmacy Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:9629. [PMID: 35954990 PMCID: PMC9367753 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The global depression burden has remained a challenge throughout the pre- and post-pandemic era. The pandemic effect has led to the spiraling of mental disorders among young people who will be the next generation of leaders. This study aims to identify university students’ sociodemographic, psychosocial and academic backgrounds and performance associated with depression symptoms for the development of primary and secondary preventive strategies for mental health. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire distributed to 19 institutions in Malaysia offering a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree program. The self-rated Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42) was used to assess depression symptoms. Pearson’s chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to assess the investigated variables with depression symptoms. Independent T-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare means of depression score across variables. Binary logistic regression was employed to examine the relationship between the investigated variables and depression symptoms. A total of 610 pharmacy students participated, of which 47% (n = 289/610) were having depression symptoms. Students who smoke nicotine and those who have separated parents, family history of mental illness, and poor academic performance were associated with depression symptoms (p < 0.05). Differences in geographical areas, race and religion also showed significant associations with depression symptoms. Parental marital status, poor academic performance, history of mental illness and comorbidities were statistically predicting depression symptoms (p < 0.05). Primary preventive strategies allowing students to harness healthy coping skills for stress, nicotine-free campaigns and a holistic curriculum are warranted. Secondary measures on mindfulness and compassion skills activities to benefit students who experienced early life crises are highly recommended. Enforcing these targeted strategies in collaboration with health and social sectors should be the primary agenda of universities to ensure their uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izyan A. Wahab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Sabrina Anne Jacob
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | | | - Rosnani Hashim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya 63000, Malaysia
| | | | - Nurdiana Jamil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya 63000, Malaysia
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Abd Karim AH, Hashim R, Hassan H. The New IFTaR Method of Basic Qur'an Reading for Beginners in Malaysia: A Case Study among Muslim Converts. IJES 2022; 10:161-178. [DOI: 10.31436/ijes.v10i1.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The skill of reading the Qur'an and its understanding is obligatory and basic for every Muslim including Muslim converts. Three prevalent methods are used in teaching to read the Qur'an in Malaysia, namely, the Muqaddam, the Qiraati, and the Iqra'. The researchers analyzed the three methods in the literature and presented their pedagogical weaknesses. This study examined the Iqra’ Fast Track Rosnani (IFTaR) method of Qur’an reading for beginners by first explaining its theoretical and pedagogical framework and then explores its application among nine Muslim converts for a period of about two months. The study employed the qualitative research method using online in-depth semi-structured interviews via Google Meet and online open-ended written questionnaires via Google Form. The main research question was how do Muslim converts view IFTaR as a method to learn to read the Qur’an? The results of the study showed that the subjects favoured and viewed the IFTaR method positively, since it helped the Muslim converts to recognize hijaiyah letters easily. It was a better and faster method in learning to read Qur’an compared to the other methods which they used previously. They also recommended its use among new converts.
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Ghalib RM, Mehdi SH, Malla AM, Alam MG, Hashim R, Novaković SB, Kawamura F, Alzahrani HAH. Novel Indole-Pyrazine Alkaloid: Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774521070051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Menon BVV, Hashim R, Zainal ZA, Kalusalingam A, Khan A, Siang TC. The Effect of Glucosamine With or Without Chondroitin Sulphate on Glucose Monitoring Parameters in Humans – A Systematic Review. J Young Pharm 2021. [DOI: 10.5530/jyp.2021.13.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Vahabi H, Brosse N, Latif NA, Fatriasari W, Solihat N, Hashim R, Hazwan Hussin M, Laoutid F, Saeb M. Nanolignin in materials science and technology— does flame retardancy matter? Biopolymeric Nanomaterials 2021:515-559. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-824364-0.00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Hussien S, Abd. Wahab MK, Hashim R. IMPROVING STUDENTS’ INQUIRY SKILLS IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION THROUGH HIKMAH PEDAGOGY AND COMMUNITY OF INQUIRY. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction 2021; 18. [DOI: 10.32890/mjli2021.18.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose – Empowering students has become one of the primary goals of education in the 21st century. The current trend of education is moving towards student-centred and independent learning. The core success of student empowerment lies in the teaching and learning approaches used to engage students. Thus, the present study aims to examine how Hikmah pedagogy, a philosophical inquiry approach, empowers students through the development of a community of inquiry and students’ inquiry skills in learning Islamic Education. Method – This study employed a case study design on a Form 4 class comprising 24 students. The method of data collection involved classroom observation and students’ reflective journaling. Analysis of classroom discourse was conducted according to Bloom’s Taxonomy to identify higher-order levels of thinking engaged by the students. Meanwhile, students’ journals were analysed thematically to examine how Hikmah pedagogy empowered their thinking. Findings – The study found that after four Hikmah pedagogy sessions, students’ thinking improved from lower-order to higher-order thinking (HOT) based on the students’ level of questions posed in the Hikmah sessions. Questions posed by the students also indicated an improvement in terms of the quantity and quality of the questions. Finally, analysis of the students’ journals showed that students found Hikmah pedagogy a provoking approach that continuously engaged them to be independent in their thinking. This is most useful when learning Islamic Education since it deals with many abstract concepts that require deep understanding. Significance – Results of the study have shown that Hikmah pedagogy can empower students by improving their HOT, developing their inquiry skills and independent thinking, which directly assist in realising the objectives of Islamic Education, which are to understand, internalise and practise Islamic principles and values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhailah Hussien
- Department of Social Foundations and Educational Leadership, Kulliyyah of Education, International Islamic University Malaysia
| | | | - Rosnani Hashim
- Department of Social Foundations and Educational Leadership, Kulliyyah of Education, International Islamic University Malaysia
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Samson D, Mat Jafri M, Hashim R, Sulaiman O, Aziz M, Yusof M, Shukri A. Rhizophora spp. Particleboards incorporating defatted soy flour bonded with NaOH/IA-PAE: Towards a water equivalent phantom material. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Samson DO, Jafri MZM, Shukri A, Hashim R, Sulaiman O, Aziz MZA, Yusof MFM. Measurement of radiation attenuation parameters of modified defatted soy flour-soy protein isolate-based mangrove wood particleboards to be used for CT phantom production. Radiat Environ Biophys 2020; 59:483-501. [PMID: 32333105 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-020-00844-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, Rhizophora spp. (Rh. spp.) particleboard phantoms were developed using defatted soy flour (DSF) and soy protein isolate (SPI) modified by sodium hydroxide and itaconic acid polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (IA-PAE) adhesive. The microstructural characterization and X-ray diffraction patterns of the material revealed that the modified DSF and SPI adhesives became more compact and homogeneous when NaOH/IA-PAE was added, which prevented damage by moisture. It was confirmed that the composite is crystalline with (101), (002), and (004) orientations. Phantoms made of this material were scanned with X-ray computed tomography (CT) typically used for abdominal examinations with varying energies corresponding to 80, 120, and 135 kVp, to determine CT numbers, electron densities, and density distribution profiles. The radiation attenuation parameters were found to be not significantly different from those of water (XCOM) with p values [Formula: see text] 0.05 for DSF and SPI. The DSF- and SPI-based particleboard phantoms showed CT numbers close to those of water at the three X-ray CT energies. In addition, electron density and density distribution profiles of DSF-SPI-Rh. spp. particleboard phantoms with 15 wt% IA-PAE content were even closer to those of water and other commercial phantom materials at the three X-ray CT energies. It is concluded that DSF-SPI with NaOH/IA-PAE added can be used as a potential adhesive in Rh. spp. particleboard phantoms for radiation dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O Samson
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia.
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - M Z Mat Jafri
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - A Shukri
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - R Hashim
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - O Sulaiman
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M Z A Aziz
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M F M Yusof
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Ng CYB, Gan WC, Velayutham TS, Goh BT, Hashim R. Structural control of the dielectric, pyroelectric and ferroelectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) thin films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:2414-2423. [PMID: 31939468 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01556f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of solvents and temperature on the crystal formation were investigated for vinylidene fluoride/trifluoroethylene copolymer P(VDF-TrFE). Highly crystalline P(VDF-TrFE) thin films were fabricated by spin-casting using various polar solvents such as diethyl carbonate (DEC), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Ferroelectric polarisation reversal of the P(VDF-TrFE) was evidenced by a displacement (D)-electric field (E) hysteresis loop measurement and supported by the presence of pyroelectric activity. The samples which were annealed above 100 °C gave elongated rod-like crystalline structures and the highest crystallinity, Xc of 83% was formed at 120 °C. Consequently, remnant polarisation (85 mC m-2) and the pyroelectric coefficient (30 μC m-2 K-1) were enhanced. Thus, annealing plays a substantial role in controlling the crystalline structure of P(VDF-TrFE) films regardless of the choice of solvent. Although, the crystalline structure control is almost independent of the solvent's polarity, the choice of solvent is essential in preparing a smoother film surface. Molecular dynamics of P(VDF-TrFE) are discussed from the observation of two dielectric relaxation processes, β and γ related to the segmental micro-Brownian and local modes, respectively. The complete ferroelectric polarization reversal caused a reduction in the dielectric polarization and reduced the lattice spacing of the 110/200 planes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y B Ng
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Coulibaly AY, Hashim R, Sombie PAED, Sulaiman SF, Sulaiman O, Ang LZP, Ooi KL, Kiendrebeogo M. In vitro Antihyperglycemic and Chelating Potential of Selected Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants. Indian J Pharm Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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16
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Nair V, Nazri D, Hashim R, Lau A, Muniasamy M. Bridging Barriers, Building Partners: Success of a Multistakeholder Collaborative Effort in Building and Implementing a Free Mammography Programme for Underprivileged Malaysian Women. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.66700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and context: Research has revealed two large problems in the Malaysian breast cancer control context. First, a large disparity existed in diagnostic stages of Malaysian patients during first presentation; with a large percentage of patients presenting in Stage 3 or 4. Second, patients presenting in later stages of disease were revealed to be of lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Shortcomings are thus thought to exist in the capability of women from lower socioeconomic groups to access breast cancer screening. To address these gaps, the National Cancer Society of Malaysia conceptualized and put together a multistakeholder collaborative project. Aim: The aim of this project was to build, finance and implement a free mammography program for underprivileged Malaysian women. Strategy/Tactics: To ensure geographic equity in provision of this program, 14 individual private hospitals in 10 different states in peninsular Malaysia were negotiated with and agreed to provide the mammogram at highly competitive prices. To address transport and other costs which may have acted as a barrier for patients to attend their screening, transportation costs for groups going for their screening was also subsidized. Additional stakeholders' engaged were nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) especially those working with the economically underprivileged such as religious and other community NGOs. They were roped in as partners to spread the message, identify eligible participants and schedule visits. Some NGOs carried this out as part of their own outreach activities; reserving specific days at the screening centers for themselves. Program/Policy process: The program consisted of a free mammogram provided to Malaysian women above 40 years of age who were determined to be underprivileged; defined for this program as those having a monthly household income below the poverty line (RM5000). If the mammogram was found to be suspicious, a confirmatory breast ultrasound was also performed sans payment. Once conceptualized, the program was successfully pitched by NCSM to ETIQA Insurance, a large Malaysian insurer, who agreed to fund this project as part of their sustainable corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative. In total, the program funded mammograms for 5000 women over a period of 1 year from July 2017 to July 2018. NCSM advertised the program through various channels; including traditional media, social media, and at various outreach programs and events. Outcomes/What was learned: The program has run for 8 months and has already screened 3550 women nationwide. The multistakeholder collaborative effort has been highly successful at creating awareness on breast cancer screening and providing accurate breast cancer screening for a large number of underprivileged women, some for the first time in their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Nair
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - D. Nazri
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R. Hashim
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A. Lau
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M. Muniasamy
- National Cancer Society Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Chulalongkorn University, College of Public Health Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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Mohamed NA, Said HM, Hussin H, Abdul Rahman N, Hashim R. Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobactericeae: ClinicoEpidemiological Perspective. Trop Biomed 2018; 35:300-307. [PMID: 33601804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since its first discovery in 1996, Carbapenem-resistant Enterobactericeae (CRE) has been increasingly reported as a cause of infections particularly in immunocompromised patients. With limited treatment options, these multidrug-resistant organisms are associated with high mortality rates and are now recognized as an important cause of health-care associated infections. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CRE at a 500-bedded tertiary hospital in Selangor, Malaysia. This study identified and analyzed CRE culture results from January 2015 to December 2016. The isolates were identified by conventional and Vitek 2® methods. Susceptibility tests were done by disk diffusion technique and confirmed by E-test. Polymerase chain reaction was performed to identify NDM-1, KPC, OXA-48, VIM and IMP genes. Demographic data and clinical characteristics were collected from the Hospital Information System. The prevalence of CRE in 2015 and 2016 was 0.3% (5/1590) and 1.2% (17/1402) respectively. 65% of the patients had underlying haematological disorders. Majority (81.8%) of the isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli, and Citrobacter koseri. Klebsiella pneumoniae that co-produced NDM-1 and OXA48 genes were the most common encounter (41%), followed by OXA-48 (35%), NDM-1 (12%) and KPC (6%). All isolates were resistant to all generations of cephalosporin and carbapenem. The rate of resistance to tigecycline, polymyxin B and colistin were quite high; 46% (5 from 12 isolates), 17% (2/12) and 17% (3/17) respectively. The prevalence of CRE in this institution was relatively low. However, there is a high prevalence of OXA-48 and NDM co-producer amongst CRE isolates. Physicians should have high index of CRE suspicion in hematological patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Mohamed
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H M Said
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - N Abdul Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Ampang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R Hashim
- Bacteriology Unit, Institute of Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Rabaiee NA, Aziz MZA, Hashim R, Abdullah R, Yusoff AL, Malik MA, Tajuddin AA. Calculation of dose distribution on Rhizophora spp soy protein phantom at 6 MV photon beam energy using Monte Carlo method. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i6s.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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19
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Abdu Mustapa UA, Mohd Yusof MF, Abd Hamid PNK, Hashim R, Ahmad MZ, Abd Aziz MZ. Mass attenuation coefficients of several bio-adhesive based oil palm particleboards at 16.59-25.26 keV photon energies. IOP Conf Ser : Mater Sci Eng 2018; 298:012020. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/298/1/012020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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20
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Tay BY, Kandavello G, Ahmad N, Hashim R, Mohd Zahidi J, Md Shahit SS, Hamzah H, Dahalan NA. Infective endocarditis caused by Brucella melitensis: a case report highlighting the importance of history taking and laboratory analysis. Trop Biomed 2017; 34:970-976. [PMID: 33592967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a case of Brucella endocarditis in a 13 year old patient with known aortic stenosis. She was admitted to the National Heart Institute/Institut Jantung Negara, Malaysia with complains of fever, pain and swelling of left knee. Transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography showed no evidence of vegetations on the aortic valve. Differential diagnosis was made based on clinical manifestations, positive serology tests and isolation of Brucella melitensis from blood culture. The patient has a history of consumption of unpasteurised goat's milk prior to clinical symptoms. Although rare, the case emphasize that Brucella could be a potential complication of infective endocarditis (IE) involving patient who consumed unpasteurised goat's milk. The diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis based on clinical findings and supported by laboratory results has led to the appropriate treatment of this patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported for Brucella endocarditis in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Y Tay
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - G Kandavello
- Paediatric and Congenital Heart Centre, Institut Jantung Negara, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Ahmad
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Hashim
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - J Mohd Zahidi
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S S Md Shahit
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H Hamzah
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N A Dahalan
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Marashdeh M, Tajuddin A, Bauk S, Hashim R. Dosimetric evaluation of Rhizophora spp. binderless particleboard phantom for diagnostic X-ray energy. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Bacground: Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients are 5 times more likely to have stroke than non-AF patients. Stroke prevention (SP) using anticoagulation therapy was recommended in AF patients. Knowledge about AF and SP (KAFSP) is one of the essential factors that can improve patients’ adherence. Yet no established studies were found to determine patients’ KAFSP among AF patients. Objectives: To develop and validate the questionnaire used to measure KAFSP. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 4 hospitals in Malaysia. The psychometric of the KAFSP Questionnaire (KAFSP-Q) were performed using content validity index (CVI), internal consistency, test-retest, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and sensitivity test. Results: A total of 304 patients completed a face-to-face interview to answer the KAFSP-Q. Content and face validity was assessed by 6 experts who are knowledgeable in this field and 15 AF patients, respectively. The KAFSP-Q had good CVI and were well understood by AF patients. The KAFSP-Q also had good reliability and stability with Cronbach’s α of .83 and intraclass correlation coefficient values in test-retest for stability of .9. The EFA results indicated that there were 6 factors with factor loadings above .30. The low correlations between subscales ranged between .01 and .48, which indicated that good discriminant and construct validity were achieved. The scale was able to differentiate between patients’ knowledge levels before and after counseling given. Conclusions: The KAFSP-Q is reliable and valid to measure patients’ KAFSP. Further validation studies are recommended to validate the KAFSP-Q in different contexts and in other languages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahimi Mohamed
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Tariq Abdul Razak
- International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Rosnani Hashim
- Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, Selangor, Malaysia
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Mohamed NA, Joseph PG, Hussin H, Hashim R. A CAT-BITE WOUND INFECTED WITH VIBRIO ALGINOLYTICUS FOLLOWING USE OF SEA CUCUMBER OIL. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2016; 47:967-969. [PMID: 29620802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus is a halophilic gram-negative marine pathogen. The modes of transmission are mainly via direct contact with seawater and indirect contact through marine creatures. We report here a 28-year-old accountant diagnosed with right leg abscess after being bitten and scratched by a stray cat. Vibrio alginolyticus was isolated from the pus sample. The patient gave no history of contact with ocean water immediately before or after the cat scratch episode. The patient did apply commercial sea cucumber oil to the wound; we presume this is the cause of the Vibrio alginolyticus wound infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Vibrio alginolyticus wound infection caused by commercially available sea cucumber oil.
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24
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Adeshina AM, Hashim R. Computational Approach for Securing Radiology-Diagnostic Data in Connected Health Network using High-Performance GPU-Accelerated AES. Interdiscip Sci 2016; 9:140-152. [PMID: 26754740 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-015-0140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diagnostic radiology is a core and integral part of modern medicine, paving ways for the primary care physicians in the disease diagnoses, treatments and therapy managements. Obviously, all recent standard healthcare procedures have immensely benefitted from the contemporary information technology revolutions, apparently revolutionizing those approaches to acquiring, storing and sharing of diagnostic data for efficient and timely diagnosis of diseases. Connected health network was introduced as an alternative to the ageing traditional concept in healthcare system, improving hospital-physician connectivity and clinical collaborations. Undoubtedly, the modern medicinal approach has drastically improved healthcare but at the expense of high computational cost and possible breach of diagnosis privacy. Consequently, a number of cryptographical techniques are recently being applied to clinical applications, but the challenges of not being able to successfully encrypt both the image and the textual data persist. Furthermore, processing time of encryption-decryption of medical datasets, within a considerable lower computational cost without jeopardizing the required security strength of the encryption algorithm, still remains as an outstanding issue. This study proposes a secured radiology-diagnostic data framework for connected health network using high-performance GPU-accelerated Advanced Encryption Standard. The study was evaluated with radiology image datasets consisting of brain MR and CT datasets obtained from the department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, USA, and the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing. Sample patients' notes from the University of North Carolina, School of medicine at Chapel Hill were also used to evaluate the framework for its strength in encrypting-decrypting textual data in the form of medical report. Significantly, the framework is not only able to accurately encrypt and decrypt medical image datasets, but it also successfully encrypts and decrypts textual data in Microsoft Word document, Microsoft Excel and Portable Document Formats which are the conventional format of documenting medical records. Interestingly, the entire encryption and decryption procedures were achieved at a lower computational cost using regular hardware and software resources without compromising neither the quality of the decrypted data nor the security level of the algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Adeshina
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - R Hashim
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
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Velayutham TS, Nguan HS, Ng BK, Gan WC, Manickam Achari V, Zahid NI, Abd. Majid WH, Zannoni C, Hashim R. Molecular dynamics of anhydrous glycolipid self-assembly in lamellar and hexagonal phases. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:15182-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00583g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The molecular dynamics of a synthetic branched chain glycolipid, 2-decyl-tetradecyl-β-d-maltoside (C14-10G2), in smectic and columnar liquid crystal phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. S. Velayutham
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Center
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - H. S. Nguan
- Fundamental and Frontier Science of Self-Assembly Center
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - B. K. Ng
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Center
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - W. C. Gan
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Center
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - V. Manickam Achari
- Fundamental and Frontier Science of Self-Assembly Center
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - N. I. Zahid
- Fundamental and Frontier Science of Self-Assembly Center
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - W. H. Abd. Majid
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Center
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - C. Zannoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari” viale Risorgimento 4 Universita' di Bologna
- 40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - R. Hashim
- Fundamental and Frontier Science of Self-Assembly Center
- Faculty of Science
- University Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
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Shaharuddin S, Zamaludin A, Hashim R, Hadi MA, Ming LC. Assessing Consumer Preference using Community Pharmacy Preference Evaluation Questionnaire (ComPETe): A Pilot Survey in a Malaysia City. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i7.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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27
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Adeshina AM, Hashim R. ConnectViz: Accelerated approach for brain structural connectivity using Delaunay triangulation. Interdiscip Sci 2015. [PMID: 25663112 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-014-0227-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a cardiovascular disease with high mortality and long-term disability in the world. Normal functioning of the brain is dependent on the adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the brain complex network through the blood vessels. Stroke, occasionally a hemorrhagic stroke, ischemia or other blood vessel dysfunctions can affect patients during a cerebrovascular incident. Structurally, the left and the right carotid arteries, and the right and the left vertebral arteries are responsible for supplying blood to the brain, scalp and the face. However, a number of impairment in the function of the frontal lobes may occur as a result of any decrease in the flow of the blood through one of the internal carotid arteries. Such impairment commonly results in numbness, weakness or paralysis. Recently, the concepts of brain's wiring representation, the connectome, was introduced. However, construction and visualization of such brain network requires tremendous computation. Consequently, previously proposed approaches have been identified with common problems of high memory consumption and slow execution. Furthermore, interactivity in the previously proposed frameworks for brain network is also an outstanding issue. This study proposes an accelerated approach for brain connectomic visualization based on graph theory paradigm using Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA), extending the previously proposed SurLens Visualization and Computer Aided Hepatocellular Carcinoma (CAHECA) frameworks. The accelerated brain structural connectivity framework was evaluated with stripped brain datasets from the Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, United States. Significantly, our proposed framework is able to generates and extracts points and edges of datasets, displays nodes and edges in the datasets in form of a network and clearly maps data volume to the corresponding brain surface. Moreover, with the framework, surfaces of the dataset were simultaneously displayed with the nodes and the edges. The framework is very efficient in providing greater interactivity as a way of representing the nodes and the edges intuitively, all achieved at a considerably interactive speed for instantaneous mapping of the datasets' features. Uniquely, the connectomic algorithm performed remarkably fast with normal hardware requirement specifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Adeshina
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia,
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Jasmi MAS, Mazlan MN, Shaharuddin S, Zulkifly HH, Long CM, Hashim R, Abdul WMS. Relation Of The Time In Therapeutic Range (Ttr) Of Warfarin To Bleeding Incidences In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Value Health 2014; 17:A478. [PMID: 27201388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M A S Jasmi
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M N Mazlan
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - C M Long
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R Hashim
- Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, Cyberjaya, Malaysia
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Tousi E, Bauk S, Hashim R, Jaafar M, Abuarra A, Aldroobi K, Al-Jarrah A. Measurement of mass attenuation coefficients of Eremurus–Rhizophora spp. particleboards for X-ray in the 16.63–25.30 keV energy range. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Huri HZ, Makmor-Bakry M, Hashim R, Mustafa N, Ngah WZW. A Prospective Cohort Study of IRS Genes Polymorphisms in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients during Severe/Acute Hyperglycemia Phase. 2: Association with Glycemic Control. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i6.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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31
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Huri HZ, Makmor-Bakry M, Hashim R, Mustafa N, Ngah WZW. A Prospective Cohort Study on IRS Gene Polymorphisms in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients during Severe/Acute Hyperglycemia Phase 1: Association with Insulin Resistance. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i6.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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32
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Huri HZ, Makmor-Bakry M, Hashim R, Mustafa N, Ngah WZW. Effect of Interaction between Polymorphisms in Insulin Receptor Substrate Genes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Severe/Acute Hyperglycemia. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i6.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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33
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Velayutham TS, Ng BK, Gan WC, Majid WHA, Hashim R, Zahid NI, Chaiprapa J. Phase sensitive molecular dynamics of self-assembly glycolipid thin films: A dielectric spectroscopy investigation. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:085101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4893873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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34
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Chen CD, Nazni WA, Lee HL, Hashim R, Abdullah NA, Ramli R, Lau KW, Heo CC, Goh TG, Izzul AA, Sofian-Azirun M. A preliminary report on ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) recovered from forensic entomological studies conducted in different ecological habitats in Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2014; 31:381-386. [PMID: 25134909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study reported the ant species that were recovered from monkey carcasses in three different ecological habitats in Malaysia. The study was conducted from 9 May - 10 October 2007, 6 May - 6 August 2008 and 26 May - 14 July 2009 in forested area (Gombak, Selangor), coastal area (Tanjong Sepat, Selangor) and highland area (Bukit Cincin, Pahang), respectively. Monkey carcass was used as a model for human decomposition in this study. A total of 4 replicates were used in each of the study sites. Ants were observed to prey on eggs, larvae, pupae and newly emerged flies. This study found that ant species could be found at all stages of decomposition, indicating that ants were not a significant indicator for faunal succession. However, different species of ants were obtained from monkey carcasses placed in different ecological habitats. Cardiocondyla sp. was only found on carcasses placed in the coastal area; while Pheidole longipes, Hypoponera sp. and Pachycondyla sp. were solely found on carcasses placed in the highland area. On the other hand, Pheidologeton diversus and Paratrechina longicornis were found in several ecological habitats. These data suggests that specific ant species can act as geographic indicators for different ecological habitats in forensic entomology cases in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Chen
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W A Nazni
- Medical Entomology Unit, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vectors, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H L Lee
- Medical Entomology Unit, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vectors, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Hashim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N A Abdullah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Ramli
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K W Lau
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C C Heo
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, 40450 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - T G Goh
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A A Izzul
- Medical Entomology Unit, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vectors, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Sofian-Azirun
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Bhawani SA, Mohamad Ibrahim MN, Albishri HM, Hashim R, Mohammad A, Khan ZA. SEPARATION OF FOUR CATIONIC SURFACTANTS ON SILICA GEL 60 F254 HIGH PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC PLATES. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.830267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Showkat A. Bhawani
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science-North Jeddah, King Abdul Aziz University , Saudi Arabia
- b School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
- c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , King Abdulaziz University , Saudi Arabia
| | | | - H. M. Albishri
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science-North Jeddah, King Abdul Aziz University , Saudi Arabia
- c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , King Abdulaziz University , Saudi Arabia
| | - R. Hashim
- d School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - A. Mohammad
- e Analytical Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry , Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh , India
| | - Ziya Ahmad Khan
- a Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science-North Jeddah, King Abdul Aziz University , Saudi Arabia
- c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , King Abdulaziz University , Saudi Arabia
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Wilson JJ, Sing KW, Halim MRA, Ramli R, Hashim R, Sofian-Azirun M. Utility of DNA barcoding for rapid and accurate assessment of bat diversity in Malaysia in the absence of formally described species. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:920-5. [PMID: 24634112 DOI: 10.4238/2014.february.19.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Bats are important flagship species for biodiversity research; however, diversity in Southeast Asia is considerably underestimated in the current checklists and field guides. Incorporation of DNA barcoding into surveys has revealed numerous species-level taxa overlooked by conventional methods. Inclusion of these taxa in inventories provides a more informative record of diversity, but is problematic as these species lack formal description. We investigated how frequently documented, but undescribed, bat taxa are encountered in Peninsular Malaysia. We discuss whether a barcode library provides a means of recognizing and recording these taxa across biodiversity inventories. Tissue was sampled from bats trapped at Pasir Raja, Dungun Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. The DNA was extracted and the COI barcode region amplified and sequenced. We identified 9 species-level taxa within our samples, based on analysis of the DNA barcodes. Six specimens matched to four previously documented taxa considered candidate species but currently lacking formal taxonomic status. This study confirms the high diversity of bats within Peninsular Malaysia (9 species in 13 samples) and demonstrates how DNA barcoding allows for inventory and documentation of known taxa lacking formal taxonomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Wilson
- Museum of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K-W Sing
- Museum of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M R A Halim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Ramli
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Hashim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Sofian-Azirun
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hashim R, Al-Ani A. Child physical abuse: assessment of dental students' attitudes and knowledge in United Arab Emirates. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2013; 14:301-5. [PMID: 23824733 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-013-0063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate dental students' educational experience, attitudes and knowledge with regard to child physical abuse in all dental schools in United Arab Emirates. METHODS The data were collected by self-administered structured questionnaire completed by 578 under graduate dental students in four (all) dental schools in United Arab Emirates. Data were analysed using descriptive analyses for responses to each question. RESULTS The results indicated that there was lack of knowledge of reporting procedure, signs of physical abuse and social indicators among all respondents. Over 80 % of the students agreed that dentists should be legally mandated to report abuse cases and a high percentage (94.3 %) of the participants believed they had an ethical duty to report child abuse. Most students indicated that their dental school was the main source of information on this topic. The majority of the respondents expressed a need for further training. CONCLUSIONS Dental students were not sufficiently prepared to know what to look for when they suspect child abuse and what to actually do when they encounter this problem in a professional setting. To provide better care for these young domestic violence victims, dental schools' curriculum modifications should focus on providing students with concrete educational experiences regarding child abuse cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hashim
- Ajman University of Science and Technology, Emirate of Ajman, Ajman, UAE,
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Adeshina AM, Hashim R, Khalid NEA, Abidin SZZ. Multimodal 3-D reconstruction of human anatomical structures using SurLens Visualization System. Interdiscip Sci 2013; 5:23-36. [PMID: 23605637 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-013-0155-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the medical diagnosis and treatment planning, radiologists and surgeons rely heavily on the slices produced by medical imaging devices. Unfortunately, these image scanners could only present the 3-D human anatomical structure in 2-D. Traditionally, this requires medical professional concerned to study and analyze the 2-D images based on their expert experience. This is tedious, time consuming and prone to error; expecially when certain features are occluding the desired region of interest. Reconstruction procedures was earlier proposed to handle such situation. However, 3-D reconstruction system requires high performance computation and longer processing time. Integrating efficient reconstruction system into clinical procedures involves high resulting cost. Previously, brain's blood vessels reconstruction with MRA was achieved using SurLens Visualization System. However, adapting such system to other image modalities, applicable to the entire human anatomical structures, would be a meaningful contribution towards achieving a resourceful system for medical diagnosis and disease therapy. This paper attempts to adapt SurLens to possible visualisation of abnormalities in human anatomical structures using CT and MR images. The study was evaluated with brain MR images from the department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, United States and CT abdominal pelvic, from the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing. The MR images contain around 109 datasets each of T1-FLASH, T2-Weighted, DTI and T1-MPRAGE. Significantly, visualization of human anatomical structure was achieved without prior segmentation. SurLens was adapted to visualize and display abnormalities, such as an indication of walderstrom's macroglobulinemia, stroke and penetrating brain injury in the human brain using Magentic Resonance (MR) images. Moreover, possible abnormalities in abdominal pelvic was also visualized using Computed Tomography (CT) slices. The study shows SurLens' functionality as a 3-D Multimodal Visualization System.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Adeshina
- Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
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Abstract
Abstract
Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of surfactants is presented in this review. Various chromatographic systems useful for the identification, separation and quantification of surfactants are reported. New approaches in thin-layer chromatography enable analysts to separate and determine surfactants in complex mixtures (in various environmental samples). Thin-layer chromatographic methods are mainly used for the separation of surfactants either in the separation of different classes or separation of different groups within the same class.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Bhawani
- Division of Bio-Resource, Paper and Coatings Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - O. Sulaiman
- Division of Bio-Resource, Paper and Coatings Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - R. Hashim
- Division of Bio-Resource, Paper and Coatings Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - M. N. Mohamad Ibrahim
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Rathi DN, Amir HG, Abed RMM, Kosugi A, Arai T, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Sudesh K. Polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis and simplified polymer recovery by a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from hypersaline microbial mats. J Appl Microbiol 2012. [PMID: 23176757 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Halophilic micro-organisms have received much interest because of their potential biotechnological applications, among which is the capability of some strains to synthesize polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Halomonas sp. SK5, which was isolated from hypersaline microbial mats, accumulated intracellular granules of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] in modified accumulation medium supplemented with 10% (w/v) salinity and 3% (w/v) glucose. METHODS AND RESULTS A cell density of approximately 3.0 g l(-1) was attained in this culture which yielded 48 wt% P(3HB). The bacterial strain was also capable of synthesizing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] when cofed with relevant precursors. Feeding with sodium valerate (0.7 mol l(-1) carbon) at various time intervals within 36 h resulted in 3HV molar fractions ranging from 6 up to 54 mol%. Oil palm trunk sap (OPTS) and seawater as the carbon source and culture medium respectively facilitated a significant accumulation of P(3HB). Simplified downstream processing based on osmotic lysis in the presence of alkali/detergent for both dry and wet biomass resulted in approximately 90-100% recovery of polymers with purity as high as 90%. Weight-average molecular weight (M(w) ) of the polymers recovered was in the range of 1-2 × 10(6) . CONCLUSIONS Halomonas sp. SK5 was able to synthesize P(3HB) homopolymer as well as P(3HB-co-3HV) copolymer from various carbon sources. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first time a comprehensive study of both production and downstream processing is reported for Halomonas spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-N Rathi
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Hashim R, Williams S, Thomson WM. Oral hygiene and dental caries in 5- to 6-year-old children in Ajman, United Arab Emirates. Int J Dent Hyg 2012; 11:208-15. [PMID: 23216907 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between oral hygiene and dental caries in young children in the Emirate of Ajman, United Arab Emirates. METHODS A one-stage cluster sample was used to randomly select children. Clinical examinations were conducted by a single examiner. Parents completed questionnaires seeking information on child and family characteristics, dietary habits and oral hygiene practices. RESULTS The total number of children sampled was 1297. Dental examination and questionnaire data were obtained for 1036 (79.9%). Frequency of eating per day and snack consumption level were both significantly associated with plaque score. Children who brushed their teeth more often had lower plaque scores. The observed association between mean plaque score and mean decayed, missing, filled teeth suggests that children with high plaque scores are more likely to experience caries. CONCLUSIONS Brushing with fluoride toothpaste was under-utilized in Ajman. Tooth brushing therefore needs better promotion and reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hashim
- Ajman University of Science and Technology, Emirate of Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
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Huri HZ, Makmor-Bakry M, Hashim R, Mustafa N, Wan Ngah WZ. Optimisation of glycaemic control during episodes of severe/acute hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Clin Pharm 2012; 34:863-70. [PMID: 22869200 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-012-9682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are frequently admitted to the hospital with severe or acute hyperglycaemia secondary to an acute illness or disease. Uncontrolled glycaemia is a significant problem during severe or acute hyperglycaemia. OBJECTIVE This study sought to identify demographic, clinical, and genetic factors that may contribute to increased insulin resistance or worsening of glycaemic control in patients with T2DM. SETTING This prospective cohort study included 156 patients with T2DM and severe or acute hyperglycaemia who were treated with insulin at any medical ward of the National University of Malaysia Medical Centre. METHOD Insulin resistance was determined using the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance index. Glycaemic control during the episode of hyperglycaemia was assessed as the degree to which the patient achieved the target glucose levels. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to identify polymorphisms in insulin receptor substrate (IRS) genes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Identification of possible predictors (demographic, clinical, or genetic) for insulin resistance and glycaemic control during severe/acute hyperglycaemia. RESULTS A polymorphism in IRS1, r.2963 G>A (p.Gly972Arg), was a significant predictor of both insulin resistance [odds ratios (OR) 4.48; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.2-16.7; P = 0.03) and worsening of glycaemic control (OR 6.04; 95 % CI 0.6-64.6; P = 0.02). The use of loop diuretics (P < 0.05) and antibiotics (P < 0.05) may indirectly predict worsening of insulin resistance or glycaemic control in patients with severe/acute hyperglycaemia. CONCLUSION Clinical and genetic factors contribute to worsening of insulin resistance and glycaemic control during severe/acute hyperglycaemia in patients with T2DM. Early identification of factors that may influence insulin resistance and glycaemic control may help to achieve optimal glycaemic control during severe/acute hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasniza Zaman Huri
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Bhawani
- a School of Chemical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | | | - O. Sulaiman
- b School of Industrial Technology, University Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - R. Hashim
- b School of Industrial Technology, University Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - A. Mohammad
- c Analytical Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh , India
| | - S. Hena
- b School of Industrial Technology, University Sains Malaysia , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
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Abstract
AIM To assess, by means of a structured questionnaire, mothers' level of knowledge with regards to the immediate emergency management of dental trauma in the Emirate of Ajman, United Arab Emirates (UAE). METHODS A cross-sectional study using anonymous structured questionnaires was employed for mothers chosen at random from child care centres. The questionnaire surveyed mothers' background, knowledge and management of tooth fracture, avulsion, and also investigated mothers' self-assessed knowledge of the availability and priority of emergency services of trauma in UAE. RESULTS The sample consisted of 676 mothers (response rate 96.6%) who attended mother and child care centres in Ajman over a period of two months (January-February 2011). More than half of the mothers participated in this study were in their twenties and 69.4% had university qualifications. Around 61.5% of the mothers had previous direct or indirect experience of dental trauma. Mother's knowledge of dental trauma seemed to be inadequate. Chi-square test indicated that there was no significant difference in the number of correct responses in relation to age, level of education, or number of observed trauma cases. Most mothers were unaware of the availability of after working hours emergency services. They were dissatisfied with their level of knowledge of dental trauma and the majority were interested in having further education on the topic. CONCLUSIONS The level of knowledge of dental trauma management (especially tooth avulsion) among mothers in Ajman was inadequate and education campaigns are necessary to improve the emergency management of dental injuries. Therefore it is important to educate the public of the availability of after hours dental emergency services to overcome any delay in seeking professional help in cases of dental trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hashim
- Growth and Development Department, Ajman University of Science and Technology, PO. Box 346 Ajman, UAE.
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Siegert ME, Römer H, Hashim R, Hartbauer M. Neuronal correlates of a preference for leading signals in the synchronizing bushcricket Mecopoda elongata (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 214:3924-34. [PMID: 22071183 PMCID: PMC3236105 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.057901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Acoustically interacting males of the tropical katydid Mecopoda elongata synchronize their chirps imperfectly, so that one male calls consistently earlier in time than the other. In choice situations, females prefer the leader signal, and it has been suggested that a neuronal mechanism based on directional hearing may be responsible for the asymmetric, stronger representation of the leader signal in receivers. Here, we investigated the potential mechanism in a pair of interneurons (TN1 neuron) of the afferent auditory pathway, known for its contralateral inhibitory input in directional hearing. In this interneuron, conspecific signals are reliably encoded under natural conditions, despite high background noise levels. Unilateral presentations of a conspecific chirp elicited a TN1 response where each suprathreshold syllable in the chirp was reliably copied in a phase-locked fashion. Two identical chirps broadcast with a 180 deg spatial separation resulted in a strong suppression of the response to the follower signal, when the time delay was 20 ms or more. Muting the ear on the leader side fully restored the response to the follower signal compared with unilateral controls. Time-intensity trading experiments, in which the disadvantage of the follower signal was traded against higher sound pressure levels, demonstrated the dominating influence of signal timing on the TN1 response, and this was especially pronounced at higher sound levels of the leader. These results support the hypothesis that the female preference for leader signals in M. elongata is the outcome of a sensory mechanism that originally evolved for directional hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Siegert
- Department of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Graz, Austria
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Hashim R, Mazuki M, Ahmad M, Baharud-din Z. Influence of sports participation on performance among female campus populace: A case of Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia. J Sci Med Sport 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zainol Rashid Z, Bahari N, Othman A, Jaafar R, Mohamed NA, Jabbari I, Sulong A, Hashim R, Ahmad N. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus auereus in a Malaysian tertiary centre in year 2009. BMC Proc 2011. [PMCID: PMC3239599 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s6-p18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hashim R. Self-reported oral health, oral hygiene habits and dental service utilization among pregnant women in United Arab Emirates. Int J Dent Hyg 2011; 10:142-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2011.00531.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Takaoka H, Sofian-Azirun M, Hashim R. Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sofiani, a new species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from peninsular Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2011; 28:389-399. [PMID: 22041761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sofiani sp. nov. is described on the basis of reared adult female, male, pupal and larval specimens collected from Cameron Highlands, Pahang state, Malaysia. This new species is placed in the ceylonicum species-group within the subgenus Gomphostilbia and is easily distinguished from all the related known species by the combination of the following characteristics: an elongate sensory vesicle and yellow hair tuft on the stem vein of the wing in the female, the greater number of large upper-eye facets (15 or 16 vertical columns and 15 or 16 horizontal rows) and almost entirely darkened hind basitarsus in the male, and the gill bearing a long common basal stalk and 8 filaments arranged as [(1+2)+(1+2)] +2 filaments from dorsal to ventral in the pupa.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takaoka
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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