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Aggarwal A, Phatak S, Srivastava P, Lawrence A, Agarwal V, Misra R. Outcomes in juvenile onset lupus: single center cohort from a developing country. Lupus 2018; 27:1867-1875. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203318791046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction About 10–20% of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have onset in childhood and have more severe organ involvement. Survival of juvenile SLE patients is improving worldwide. Long-term data of childhood onset SLE from developing countries is scarce. Methods Clinical and laboratory data at initial presentation and follow-up visits were retrieved from clinic files, hospital information system and personal interviews. Treatment received, complications, flares, outcomes and death were recorded. Survival was calculated using Kaplan–Meier survival curves and regression analysis was done for predictors of mortality. Results Children with SLE ( n = 273, 250 girls) had a median age at onset of 14 years and duration of illness prior to diagnosis at our hospital of 1 year. Fever and arthritis were the most common presenting manifestations. Renal disease was seen in 60.5% and central nervous system (CNS) disease in 29%. The median follow-up period in 248 patients was 3.5 years. Fourteen children died, and 10 of these had active disease at the time of death. The mean actuarial survival was 24.5 years and survival rates at 1, 5 and 10 years were 97.9%, 95% and 89% respectively. Fever, CNS disease, anti-dsDNA levels and serious infections predicted death on univariate and multivariate analysis. Infections were seen in 72 children (26.3%), and 38 of these infections were serious. One-third of the patients had damage on the last follow-up. Flares were seen in 120 children, the majority being major flares. Conclusion Outcomes of pediatric SLE in North Indian children are similar to those seen in developed countries. Infections pose a major challenge in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - S Phatak
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - P Srivastava
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A Lawrence
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - V Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - R Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Phatak S, Chaurasia S, Mishra SK, Gupta R, Agrawal V, Aggarwal A, Misra R. Urinary B cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL): potential biomarkers of active lupus nephritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 187:376-382. [PMID: 27804111 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) help in B cell activation, maintenance and plasma cell survival. B cell infiltration has been demonstrated in kidneys of patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Serum levels of BAFF and APRIL have shown inconsistent relationships with lupus disease activity. We evaluated urinary levels of BAFF and APRIL as biomarker for LN. Thirty-six patients with proliferative lupus nephritis (AN), 10 with active lupus without nephritis (AL) and 15 healthy controls (HC) were studied. APRIL and BAFF levels were measured in both serum and urine using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Urine levels were normalized for urinary creatinine excretion. Urine levels were correlated with conventional disease activity markers and histology. Levels were reassessed in 20 AN patients at 6 months after treatment with cyclophosphamide. Urinary APRIL (uAPRIL) and BAFF (uBAFF) levels were raised significantly in AN. uAPRIL, but not uBAFF, correlated moderately with renal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) in AN (r = 0·36, P < 0·05). On receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis, uBAFF and uAPRIL showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0·825 and 0·781, respectively, in differentiating between nephritis and non-nephritis, which performed better than low C3, C4 and raised anti-dsDNA antibodies. There was no correlation of serum levels with uBAFF (r = 0·187, P = 0·261) and uAPRIL (r = 0·114, P = 0·494). uAPRIL levels reduced after treatment (mean 125 pg/mg to 36 pg/mg, P < 0·05). uBAFF levels reduced in 16 responders while two of four non-responders had increase in levels. Thus, uBAFF and uAPRIL are potential biomarkers of proliferative lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Phatak
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - S Chaurasia
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - S K Mishra
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - R Gupta
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - V Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - R Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Contreras K, Cuthbert J, Phatak S, Larson D, Benninghoff A. 0204 Effect of the total Western diet via direct or ancestral exposure on estrous cycling in third-generation offspring in mice. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- S Phatak
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - L Gupta
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Bhatt D, Chauhan N, Sharma A, Dhawan D, Bhatt RV, Phatak S, Padh H. Investigating the Role of Plasma Glucose Concentration as a Phenotypic Marker for CYP2C9 Genetic Variants, in the Diabetic Population of Gujarat. Indian J Pharm Sci 2014; 76:72-7. [PMID: 24799741 PMCID: PMC4007258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the role of plasma glucose concentration as a phenotypic marker and to study the frequency distribution of CYP2C9 genetic variants in Gujarat state diabetic population. One hundred and nine unrelated diabetes mellitus patients treated with sulfonylureas were genotyped for CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 alleles. Their pre- and posttreatment postprandial blood glucose levels were recorded and mean glucose drop per milligram of drug values were calculated and further used as an index for phenotypic correlation. The frequencies of CYP2C9*1, CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 alleles in the Gujarat state diabetic population were 0.84, 0.07 and 0.09, respectively. The distribution of CYP2C9*1/*1, CYP2C9*1/*2, CYP2C9*1/*3, CYP2C9*2/*2, CYP2C9*2/*3 and CYP2C9*3/*3 genotypes were 0.73, 0.08, 0.13, 0.0, 0.06 and 0.0, respectively. Patients with CYP2C9*1/*2 genotype did not show any significant difference in the mean glucose drop per milligram of drug values when compared with wild-type patients in glipizide-treatment group. Patients with CYP2C9*1/*3 genotype showed greater mean glucose drop per milligram of drug values than patients with CYP2C9*1/*1 wild-type genotype for both glipizide and glimepiride while patients with CYP2C9*2/*3 genotype showed greater drop than patients with CYP2C9*1/*1 genotype only in the glipizide-treatment group. The presence of CYP2C9*3 allele significantly affected plasma glucose drop per milligram of drug values in patients taking glipizide and glimepiride, while effects of CYP2C9*2 allele were insignificant. Further studies are needed to confirm the effects of CYP2C9*2 allele on plasma glucose drop per milligram of drug values. However, plasma glucose concentration is a complex physiological marker that cannot be used to establish perfect genotype-phenotype correlation. Hence studies exploring robust phenotypic markers must be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380 009, India
| | - N. Chauhan
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Biology, B. V. Patel PERD Centre, Thaltej, Ahmedabad-380 054, India,Address for correspondence: E-mail:
| | - A. Sharma
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Biology, B. V. Patel PERD Centre, Thaltej, Ahmedabad-380 054, India
| | - D. Dhawan
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Biology, B. V. Patel PERD Centre, Thaltej, Ahmedabad-380 054, India
| | - R. V. Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380 009, India
| | - S. Phatak
- Vijayratna Diabetes Clinic, Paldi, Ahmedabad-380 007, India
| | - H. Padh
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Biology, B. V. Patel PERD Centre, Thaltej, Ahmedabad-380 054, India
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Srivastava A, Shah S, Maseeh A, Vyasa B, Balaji M, Bhatter S, Buch P, Dantara D, Karnani J, Kumar V, Lodha S, Maji D, Moses A, Phatak S, Polarappu S, Shah S, Upadhayay B. A clinical study to compare the efficacy and safety of pregabalin sustained release formulation with pregabalin immediate release formulation in patients of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2012; 16:S477-S479. [PMID: 23565472 PMCID: PMC3603120 DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.104137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of sustained release (SR) formulation of pregabalin with immediate release (IR) formulation in patient with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this open label, randomized, comparative, multicentric study, the primary efficacy measure was reduction in visual analogue scale (VAS) of short form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ) score from baseline to last visit. The secondary evaluation measures included reduction in SF-MPQ descriptive score and present pain intensity score and change in clinical global impression - improvement of illness (CGI-I) and clinical global impression - severity of illness (CGI-S) from baseline to last visit. Total duration of the study was 12 weeks. Safety evaluation was done by recording treatment emergent adverse events and laboratory investigations at baseline and end of treatment. RESULTS Of 265 randomized patients, 133 received pregabalin SR tablets and 132 pregabalin IR. Patients randomized to both treatments responded to respective treatments. The least square means of VAS score in both the groups were reduced significantly (P <0.01). Reduction in both groups was similar (P = ns). At the end of the trial in both the groups, there was a significant reduction in the SF-MPQ descriptive score (P <0.01), severity of illness as well as clinically significant improvement in the symptoms. Difference between the groups for CGI-I (P = 0.37) and CGI-S (P = 0.41) score was not statistically significant. Treatment in both the groups was found safe and well tolerated. CONCLUSION The study shows that the pregabalin SR is safe and effective in patients of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. The results of the study demonstrated that pregabalin SR has comparable efficacy and safety as pregabalin IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Srivastava
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S. Shah
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - A. Maseeh
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - B. Vyasa
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - M. Balaji
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S. Bhatter
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - P. Buch
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - D. Dantara
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - J. Karnani
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - V. Kumar
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S. Lodha
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - D. Maji
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - A. Moses
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S. Phatak
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S. Polarappu
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S. Shah
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - B. Upadhayay
- Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Abstract
A case of metallic foreign body getting impacted into maxillary antrum and orbit due to a blast in a furnace, presenting primarily with 20% facial burn & ocular symptoms is presented for its rarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Phatak
- Choithram Hospital & Research Centre, 23, Lokmanya Nagar, Indore, 452 009 Indore MP
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Phatak S, Dakwale V, Phatak S. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial extension. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999; 51:42-4. [PMID: 23119543 PMCID: PMC3451046 DOI: 10.1007/bf02996528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the middle ear presenting with facial paralysis and a polypoidal aural mass who subsequently had convulsions due to intracranial extension is presented for its rarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Phatak
- Choithram Hospital & Research Centre Indore, India
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Reddy UR, Phatak S, Allen C, Nycum LM, Sulman EP, White PS, Biegel JA. Localization of the human Ror1 gene (NTRKR1) to chromosome 1p31-p32 by fluorescence in situ hybridization and somatic cell hybrid analysis. Genomics 1997; 41:283-5. [PMID: 9143508 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1997.4653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ror1 is an orphan cell surface receptor with strong homology to the tyrosine kinase domain of growth factor receptors, in particular the Trk family. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA from somatic cell hybrids revealed that Ror1 is located on chromosome 1. We have mapped the Ror1 gene to chromosome 1p12-p32 using PCR on a somatic cell hybrid panel that subdivides chromosome 1p. We have further localized the gene to chromosome 1p31-p32 by fluorescence in situ hybridization using a PAC clone that contains the Ror1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- U R Reddy
- Division of Neurology Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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Reddy UR, Phatak S, Pleasure D. Human neural tissues express a truncated Ror1 receptor tyrosine kinase, lacking both extracellular and transmembrane domains. Oncogene 1996; 13:1555-9. [PMID: 8875995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Human heart, lung and kidney express a 6 kb mRNA encoding Ror1, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family with as yet unknown ligand specificity. We used a Ror1 cDNA probe to screen a cDNA library prepared from the human neuronogenic teratocarcinoma line, NTera2, and cloned a 2373 nucleotide transcript. This transcript contains an open reading frame that encodes a 388 amino acid protein identical with the cytosolic, C-terminal region of ror1 but lacking the ror1 transmembrane and entire extracellular domains. Northern blots demonstrate that mRNA encoding this truncated Ror1 ('t-Rorl') is abundantly expressed in fetal and adult human CNS, in human leukemia, lymphoma cell lines, and in a variety of human cancers derived from neuroectoderm. While previous studies have documented alternative splicing patterns within 5' and 3' regions of mRNAs encoding various RTKs altering their ligand binding specificity or their intracellular signaling, the present report is the first to demonstrate tissue-specific alternative mRNA splicing causing loss of the entire extracellular and transmembrane regions of an RTK.
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Affiliation(s)
- U R Reddy
- Division of Neurology Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Phatak S, Rangneker PV. Some observations on the ultrastructure of the sinus gland of the lobster, Palinurus polyphagus (Herbst). Riv Biol 1976; 69:59-76. [PMID: 1013594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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