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Gnanaraj J, Doss SA, Stephen S, Pratheeba M, Daniel D. Fallacies of a purely virtual platform: Virtual plus reality versus virtual reality - A case study. Transpl Immunol 2023; 81:101956. [PMID: 37952899 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Pretransplant immunological assessment of a transplant donor has evolved significantly over the last few decades with the advent of testing platforms with enhanced sensitivity and varying formats. The single antigen bead assay (SAB) assay, a virtual crossmatch (vXM) is used extensively and considered the gold standard for defining donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in many parts of the World. A country like India, is however challenged by the lack of adequate representation of locally frequent HLA alleles and hence in our institution, we continue to perform a physical crossmatch (pXM) on the Complement Dependent Cytotoxicity and flow cytometry platforms alongside the SAB. We report here a case report where the discrepancy between platforms of testing have raised certain pertinent questions in our interpretation of the vXM.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Gnanaraj
- Department of Transfusion medicine & Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sam Arul Doss
- Department of Transfusion medicine & Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Stephen
- Department of Transfusion medicine & Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Pratheeba
- Department of Transfusion medicine & Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dolly Daniel
- Department of Transfusion medicine & Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Chaturvedi M, Krishnan S, Das P, Sudarshan KL, Stephen S, Monesh V, Mathur P. Descriptive Epidemiology of Ovarian Cancers in India: A Report from National Cancer Registry Programme. Indian J Gynecol Oncolog 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-022-00694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Sathishkumar K, Chaturvedi M, Das P, Stephen S, Mathur P. Cancer incidence estimates for 2022 & projection for 2025: Result from National Cancer Registry Programme, India. Indian J Med Res 2022; 156:598-607. [PMID: 36510887 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1821_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Information on recent cancer statistics is important for planning, monitoring and evaluating cancer control activities. This article aims to provide an update on the cancer incidence estimates in India by sex, age groups and anatomical sites for the year 2022. Methods The National Cancer Registry Programme Report 2020, reported the cancer incidence from 28 Population-Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) for the years 2012-2016. This was used as the basis to calculate cancer estimates in India. Information pertaining to the population at risk was extracted from the Census of India (2001 and 2011) for the estimation of age-sex stratified population. PBCRs were categorised into the respective State and regions of the country to understand the epidemiology of cancer. The age-specific incidence rate for each specific anatomical site of cancer was applied to the estimated population to derive the number of cancer cases in India for 2022. Results The estimated number of incident cases of cancer in India for the year 2022 was found to be 14,61,427 (crude rate:100.4 per 100,000). In India, one in nine people are likely to develop cancer in his/her lifetime. Lung and breast cancers were the leading sites of cancer in males and females, respectively. Among the childhood (0-14 yr) cancers, lymphoid leukaemia (boys: 29.2% and girls: 24.2%) was the leading site. The incidence of cancer cases is estimated to increase by 12.8 per cent in 2025 as compared to 2020. Interpretation & conclusions The cancer incidence is continuing to increase in India. The new estimates will be helpful in planning cancer prevention and control activities through the intervention of early detection, risk reduction and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Sathishkumar
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Meesha Chaturvedi
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Stephen
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Sroga GE, Stephen S, Wang B, Vashishth D. Techniques for advanced glycation end product measurements for diabetic bone disease: pitfalls and future directions. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2022; 29:333-342. [PMID: 35777968 PMCID: PMC9348815 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Multiple biochemical and biophysical approaches have been broadly used for detection and quantitation of posttranslational protein modifications associated with diabetic bone, yet these techniques present a variety of challenges. In this review, we discuss recent advancements and complementary roles of analytical (UPLC/UPLC-MS/MS and ELISA) and biophysical (Raman and FTIR) techniques used for characterization of glycation products, measured from bone matrix and serum, and provide recommendations regarding the selection of a technique for specific study of diabetic bone. RECENT FINDINGS Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetes contribute to the formation of a large subgroup of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) known as glycoxidation end products (AGOEs). AGEs/AGOEs have various adverse effects on bone health. Commonly, accumulation of AGEs/AGOEs leads to increased bone fragility. For example, recent studies show that carboxymethyllysine (CML) and pentosidine (PEN) are formed in bone at higher levels in certain diseases and metabolic conditions, in particular, in diabetes and aging. Detection and quantitation of AGEs/AGOEs in rare and/or precious samples is feasible because of a number of technological advancements of the past decade. SUMMARY Recent technological advancements have led to a significant improvement of several key analytical biochemistry and biophysics techniques used for detection and characterization of AGEs/AGOEs in bone and serum. Their principles and applications to skeletal tissue studies as well as limitations are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna E. Sroga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Samuel Stephen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Deepak Vashishth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
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Lewis KJ, Cabahug-Zuckerman P, Boorman-Padgett JF, Basta-Pljakic J, Louie J, Stephen S, Spray DC, Thi MM, Seref-Ferlengez Z, Majeska RJ, Weinbaum S, Schaffler MB. Estrogen depletion on In vivo osteocyte calcium signaling responses to mechanical loading. Bone 2021; 152:116072. [PMID: 34171514 PMCID: PMC8316427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Microstructural adaptation of bone in response to mechanical stimuli is diminished with estrogen deprivation. Here we tested in vivo whether ovariectomy (OVX) alters the acute response of osteocytes, the principal mechanosensory cells of bone, to mechanical loading in mice. We also used super resolution microscopy (Structured Illumination microscopy or SIM) in conjunction with immunohistochemistry to assess changes in the number and organization of "osteocyte mechanosomes" - complexes of Panx1 channels, P2X7 receptors and CaV3 voltage-gated Ca2+ channels clustered around αvβ3 integrin foci on osteocyte processes. Third metatarsals bones of mice expressing an osteocyte-targeted genetically encoded Ca2+ indicator (DMP1-GCaMP3) were cyclically loaded in vivo to strains from 250 to 3000 με and osteocyte intracellular Ca2+ signaling responses were assessed in mid-diaphyses using multiphoton microscopy. The number of Ca2+ signaling osteocytes in control mice increase monotonically with applied strain magnitude for the physiological range of strains. The relationship between the number of Ca2+ signaling osteocytes and loading was unchanged at 2 days post-OVX. However, it was altered markedly at 28 days post-OVX. At loads up to 1000 με, there was a dramatic reduction in number of responding (i.e. Ca2+ signaling) osteocytes; however, at higher strains the numbers of Ca2+ signaling osteocytes were similar to control mice. OVX significantly altered the abundance, make-up and organization of osteocyte mechanosome complexes on dendritic processes. Numbers of αvβ3 foci also staining with either Panx 1, P2X7R or CaV3 declined by nearly half after OVX, pointing to a loss of osteocyte mechanosomes on the dendritic processes with estrogen depletion. At the same time, the areas of the remaining foci that stained for αvβ3 and channel proteins increased significantly, a redistribution of mechanosome components suggesting a potential compensatory response. These results demonstrate that the deleterious effects of estrogen depletion on skeletal mechanical adaptation appear at the level of mechanosensation; osteocytes lose the ability to sense small (physiological) mechanical stimuli. This decline may result at least partly from changes in the structure and organization of osteocyte mechanosomes, which contribute to the distinctive sensitivity of osteocytes (particularly their dendritic processes) to mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Pamela Cabahug-Zuckerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - James F Boorman-Padgett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jelena Basta-Pljakic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Joyce Louie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Samuel Stephen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - David C Spray
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Mia M Thi
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Zeynep Seref-Ferlengez
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Robert J Majeska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Sheldon Weinbaum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Mitchell B Schaffler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States of America.
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Kumar S, Doss SA, Stephen S, Pratheeba M, Jeyaseelan L, Daniel D. The challenge of using the virtual crossmatch as a singular tool for the detection of Anti-HLA antibodies- A study from a tertiary care institute from South India. Transpl Immunol 2020; 65:101349. [PMID: 33127497 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2020.101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Detection of donor specific antibodies (DSA) is critical in both solid organ and mismatched haematopoietic stem cell transplants. The single antigen bead assay (SAB) is widely used as a virtual crossmatch in these settings. However, HLA allele variation across ethnicities and differing genetic backgrounds is a well-known and acknowledged fact and representation of alleles prevalent in a population is key while using a virtual crossmatch as a sole decision making tool. Against this background, this study was performed to assess the feasibility of using the SAB as a single tool to identify DSA in our population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The HLA alleles identified in the study population were analysed to assess their representation on SAB panels from two different vendors. RESULTS The study population comprised of a total of 966 subjects for whom 6 loci high resolution HLA typing was done. A total of 241 different alleles were assigned in the population. Among the 241 alleles identified in our study population, 48.55% (n = 117) alleles were represented in the SAB A panel and 48.13% (n = 116) represented in the SAB B panel. Unrepresented alleles were 51.45% (n = 124) in panel A and 51.87% (n = 125) in panel B. All the twelve alleles were represented for 16.05% (n = 155) and 16.25% (n = 157) of study population in panel A and in panel B respectively. The remaining individuals (83.95%, (n = 811) in panel A and 83.75%, (n = 809) in panel B) had at least one allele unrepresented. CONCLUSION Our study addresses an important limitation in utilizing the SAB as a single tool to identify DSA, owing to non-representation of locally prevalent / unique alleles in our population. More than 50% of alleles were unrepresented in both the SAB assays we studied, which included alleles from both Class I and Class II. We recommend therefore that, until a comprehensive coverage of alleles is provided, or epitope matching becomes robust, that the SAB be combined with a physical crossmatch when mismatched alleles are not represented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehil Kumar
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sam Arul Doss
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Stephen
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Pratheeba
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - L Jeyaseelan
- Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dolly Daniel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Mittal H, Babu R, Dabbawala AA, Stephen S, Alhassan SM. Zeolite-Y incorporated karaya gum hydrogel composites for highly effective removal of cationic dyes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Subrati A, Kim Y, Al Wahedi Y, Tzitzios V, Alhassan S, Kim HJ, Lee S, Sakellis E, Boukos N, Stephen S, Lee SM, Lee JB, Fardis M, Papavassiliou G. Monitoring the multiphasic evolution of bismuth telluride nanoplatelets. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00719f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bismuth telluride hexagonal nanoplatelets originate from electronically distinct thicker Bi-rich triangular nanoplatelets while being centrally knitted by Te nanorods.
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Chakraborty D, Rangamani S, Kulothungan V, Chaturvedi M, Stephen S, Das P, Sudarshan KL, Janani Surya R, Sathish Kumar K, John A, Manoharan N, Koyande SS, Swaminathan R, Ramesh C, Shrivastava A, Ganesh B, Mathur P, Nandakumar A. Trends in incidence of Ewing sarcoma of bone in India - Evidence from the National Cancer Registry Programme (1982-2011). J Bone Oncol 2018; 12:49-53. [PMID: 30237969 PMCID: PMC6142187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ewing sarcoma is a malignant tumour found mainly in childhood and adolescence. The present study aims at analyzing the data on Ewing sarcoma cases of bone from the National Cancer Registry Programme, India to provide incidence, patterns, and trends in the Indian population. Materials and Methods The data of five Population Based Cancer Registries (PBCR) of Bangalore, Mumbai, Chennai, Bhopal and Delhi over 30 years period (1982- 2011) were used to calculate the Age Specific and Age Standardized Incidence Rates (ASpR and ASIR), and trends in incidence was analyzed by linear and Joinpoint Regression. Results Ewing sarcoma comprised around 15 % of all bone malignancies. Sixty-eight percent were 0-19 years, with 1.6 times risk of tumour in bones of limbs as compared to other bones. The highest incidence rate (per million) was in the 10-14 years age group (male -4.4, female -2.9) with significantly increasing trend in ASpR observed in both sexes. Pooled ASIR per million for all ages was higher in male (1.6) than female (1.0) with an increasing rate ratio of ASIR with increase in age. Trend of pooled ASIR for all ages was significantly increased in both sexes. Twelve percent cases were reported in ≥30 years of age. Conclusion This paper has described population based measurements on burden and trends in incidence of skeletal Ewing in India. These may steer further research questions on the clinical and molecular epidemiology to explain factors associated with the increasing incidence of Ewing sarcoma bone observed in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debjit Chakraborty
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sukanya Rangamani
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Meesha Chaturvedi
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | - S Stephen
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | | | - R Janani Surya
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | - K Sathish Kumar
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Anish John
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | - N Manoharan
- Population Based Cancer Registry, Institute of Rotary Cancer Hospital and All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S S Koyande
- Mumbai Cancer Registry, Indian Cancer Society, Mumbai, India
| | - Rajaraman Swaminathan
- Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Registry, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, India
| | - C Ramesh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Atul Shrivastava
- Population Based Cancer Registry, Department of Pathology, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, India
| | - B Ganesh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ambakumar Nandakumar
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Bengaluru, India
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Lonkar SP, Pillai VV, Stephen S, Abdala A, Mittal V. Facile In Situ Fabrication of Nanostructured Graphene-CuO Hybrid with Hydrogen Sulfide Removal Capacity. Nanomicro Lett 2016; 8:312-319. [PMID: 30460290 PMCID: PMC6223691 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-016-0090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A simple and scalable synthetic approach for one-step synthesis of graphene-CuO (TRGC) nanocomposite by an in situ thermo-annealing method has been developed. Using graphene oxide (GO) and copper hydroxide as a precursors reagent, the reduction of GO and the uniform deposition of in situ formed CuO nanoparticles on graphene was simultaneously achieved. The method employed no solvents, toxic-reducing agents, or organic modifiers. The resulting nanostructured hybrid exhibited improved H2S sorption capacity of 1.5 mmol H2S/g-sorbent (3 g S/100 g-sorbent). Due to its highly dispersed sub-20 nm CuO nanoparticles and large specific surface area, TRGC nanocomposite exhibits tremendous potential for energy and environment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil P. Lonkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vishnu V. Pillai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samuel Stephen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Abdala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vikas Mittal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Banu ND, Banu I, Katsiotis MS, Tharalekshmy A, Stephen S, Whelan J, Luckachan GE, Vladea R, Alhassan SM. Identification of selective oxidation of TiC/SiC composite with X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Chemical Papers 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/chempap-2016-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOpen cell 3D titanium carbide/silicon carbide (TiC/SiC) composite was oxidised to titanium oxide/silicon carbide (TiO
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Kandhakumari G, Stephen S, Sivakumar S, Narayanan S. Spoligotype patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from extra pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Puducherry, India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33:267-70. [PMID: 25865980 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.154871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genotyping studies like spoligotyping are valuable tools in understanding the genetic diversity and epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Though there are reports of spoligotyping of M. tuberculosis isolates from pulmonary specimens from different parts of India, spoligotyping of extra pulmonary tuberculosis isolates are very few. Puducherry has not yet recorded spoligopatterns of M. tuberculosis from either pulmonary or extra pulmonary (EPTB) specimens. The aim of this study is to analyze the spoligotype patterns of EPTB strains circulating in Puducherry and neighboring districts of Tamil Nadu. MATERIALS AND METHODS During June 2011 to December 2013, 570 EPTB specimens were processed by culturing on to Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) medium and automated Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube system (MGIT960). Identification of M. tuberculosis was carried out as per standard procedures, and MPT 64 antigen positivity in a commercial immunochromatography kit. Spoligotyping was carried out at National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis (ICMR), Chennai. RESULTS M. tuberculosis was isolated from 67 single EPTB specimens (11.8%) like pus/cold abscess (34), TB spine (10), pleural fluid (10), urine (5), tissue bit (2), lymph nodes (2), ascitic fluid (2), synovial fluid (1) and endometrial curetting (1). Among 67 isolates with 41 spoligopatterns, EAI lineage with 28 isolates (41.8%) predominated followed by 18 orphans (26.9%), 10 Beijing (14.9%) and 8 U (11.9%). BOVIS1_BCG (ST482), T1-T2 (ST78) and H3 (ST50) were represented by one strain each (1.5%). C onclusions: Spoligotyping plays a significant role in the epidemiology of tuberculosis. Three spoligotypes, T1-T2 (ST78), EAI6 (ST292) and U (ST1429) are reported for the first time in India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Stephen
- Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India
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Chaturvedi M, Vaitheeswaran K, Satishkumar K, Das P, Stephen S, Nandakumar A. Time Trends in Breast Cancer Among Indian Women Population: An Analysis of Population Based Cancer Registry Data. Indian J Surg Oncol 2015; 6:427-34. [PMID: 27065669 PMCID: PMC4809853 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-015-0467-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trends observed in cancer breast among Indian women are an indication of effect of changing lifestyle in population. To draw an appropriate inference regarding the trends of a particular type of cancer in a country, it is imperative to glance at the reliable data collected by Population Based Cancer Registries over a period of time. OBJECTIVE To give an insight of changing trends of breast cancer which have taken place over a period of time among women in Cancer Registries of India. Breast Cancer trends for invasive breast cancer in women in Indian Registries have varied during the selected period. Occurrence of breast cancers has also shown geographical variation in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS This data was collected by means of a 'Standard Core Proforma' designed by NCRP conforming to the data fields as suggested by International norms. The Proforma was filled by trained Registry workers based on interview/ hospital medical records/ supplementing data by inputs from treating surgeons/radiation oncologists/involved physicians/pathologists. The contents of the Proforma are entered into specifically created software and transmitted electronically to the coordinating center at Bangalore. The registries contributing to more number of years of data are called as older registries, while other recently established registries are called newer registries. RESULTS While there has been an increase recorded in breast cancer in most of the registries, some of them have recorded an insignificant increase. Comparison of Age Adjusted Rates (AARs) among Indian Registries has been carried out after which trends observed in populations covered by Indian Registries are depicted. A variation in broad age groups of females and the proneness of females developing breast cancer over the period 1982 to 2010 has been shown. Comparisons of Indian registries with International counterparts have also been carried out. CONCLUSIONS There are marked changes in incidence rates of cancer breast which have occurred in respective registries in a developing country like India. A steady increase in AARs in most of the registries of India including the newly established registries is indicative of the fact that cancer breast poses a threat to women in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meesha Chaturvedi
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - K. Vaitheeswaran
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - K. Satishkumar
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - S. Stephen
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - A. Nandakumar
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
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Pawar SP, Stephen S, Bose S, Mittal V. Tailored electrical conductivity, electromagnetic shielding and thermal transport in polymeric blends with graphene sheets decorated with nickel nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:14922-30. [PMID: 25981455 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) materials were designed using PC (polycarbonate)/SAN [poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)] blends containing few-layered graphene nanosheets decorated with nickel nanoparticles (G-Ni). The graphene nanosheets were decorated with nickel nanoparticles via the uniform nucleation of the metal salt precursor on graphene sheets as the substrate. In order to localize the nanoparticles in the PC phase of the PC/SAN blends, a two-step mixing protocol was adopted. In the first step, graphene sheets were mixed with PC in solution and casted into a film, followed by dilution of these PC master batch films with SAN in the subsequent melt extrusion step. The dynamic mechanical properties, ac electrical conductivity, EMI shielding effectiveness and thermal conductivity of the composites were evaluated. The G-Ni nanoparticles significantly improved the electrical and thermal conductivity in the blends. In addition, a total shielding effectiveness (SET) of -29.4 dB at 18 GHz was achieved with G-Ni nanoparticles. Moreover, the blends with G-Ni exhibited an impressive 276% higher thermal conductivity and 29.2% higher elastic modulus with respect to the neat blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shital Patangrao Pawar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
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Whelan J, Banu I, Luckachan GE, Banu ND, Stephen S, Tharalekshmy A, Al Hashimi S, Vladea RV, Katsiotis MS, Alhassan SM. Influence of decomposition time and H2 pressure on properties of unsupported ammonium tetrathiomolybdate-derived MoS2 catalysts. J Anal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-014-0043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) catalysts to be used for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) processes were prepared via the reductive thermal decomposition of ammonium tetrathiomolybdate at fixed temperature (653 K) by varying decomposition times and H2 pressures. Both parameters were found to strongly influence textural and catalytic properties of the resulting MoS2 catalysts.
Methods
Nitrogen sorption, FT-IR, and XRD analyses revealed the effect of varying decomposition times (3 to 7 h) and H2 pressure (20 to 1,000 psig) on the morphology and structure of the catalysts. Dibenzothiophene (DBT) was used to assess catalytic efficiency for HDS reactions.
Results
The influence of time on specific surface was minimal at low pressures but increased at higher decomposition pressures. Vibrational energies of Mo-S bonds in FT-IR indicate that MoS2 catalysts prepared at higher pressures exhibit weaker Mo-S bonds. Analysis of XRD patterns point towards an increase in stacking and crystallite size with increasing pressure; interlayer rotation about both the a- and c-axes of the stacks was also observed. Catalytic testing results show that conversion increases at higher values of decomposition time and pressure. Partially hydrogenated products were also observed at higher pressures, and the ratio of partially to fully hydrogenated DBT was calculated as an additional measure of catalytic efficiency.
Conclusions
Decomposition time and H2 pressure during ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (ATM) thermal decomposition have a significant impact on the morphological and catalytic properties of the derived MoS2 catalysts. Samples prepared for 5 h at 1,000 psig exhibited the highest conversion of DBT and the lowest ratio of partially to fully hydrogenated products.
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Kandhakumari G, Stephen S. Extra pulmonary tuberculosis: rapid identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis grown in Mycobacterium growth indicator tube 960 and Lowenstein-Jensen media, employing Standard diagnostics Bioline Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein 64 antigen detection kit. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33 Suppl:122-5. [PMID: 25657129 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.150912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigation of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in and around Pondicherry is being carried out since August 2011 in our tertiary care super specialty hospital. OBJECTIVES To compare the rapid Kit SD Bio-Line MPT 64 Ag with conventional and time consuming biochemical tests. Confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis at a reasonable time frame is the main thrust. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty three Mycobacterium tuberculosis and four Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) grown in MGIT960 system/Lowenstein-Jensen media (LJ) were examined by the rapid MPT 64 antigen detection as well as a battery of conventional tests like niacin, nitrate reduction, paraminobenzoic acid susceptibility and cord formation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION . Both the rapid kit and conventional tests correctly identified 33 M.tuberculosis isolates. Keeping conventional identification as reference, sensitivity and specificity for rapid kit was 100%. Rapid kit which takes only 15 minutes is accurate, cost effective, and facilitates early treatment for these EPTB patients, whose clinical specimens are paucibacillary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Stephen
- Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pondicherry-607 402, India
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Benker K, Thomas A, Stephen S, Usui E. Acting locally to address global sex trafficking. Ann Glob Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2014.08.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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McKenzie E, Yang W, Burnison M, Mirhadi A, Hakimian B, Stephen S, Robert R, Yue Y, Sandler H, Fraass B. TU-F-17A-06: Motion Stability and Dosimetric Impact of Spirometer-Based DIBH-RT of Left-Sided Breast Cancer. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Guiol J, Stephen S, Jean D. Autografting Le Fort I. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.07.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mercer B, Yuldasheva N, Viswambharan H, Baliga V, Stephen S, Askham J, Sukumar P, Skromna A, Mughal R, Imrie H, Gage M, Rakobowchuk M, Li J, Porter K, Ponnambalam S, Wheatcroft S, Beech D, Kearney M, Cubbon R. 201 RESTORING AKT ACTIVITY IN LATE OUTGROWTH ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS FROM HUMANS AT HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK RESCUES THEIR ANGIOGENIC CAPACITY. Heart 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Suzuki A, Xiao L, Taketa T, Blum M, Welsh J, Lin S, Bhutani M, Lee J, Rice D, Maru D, Erasmus J, Hofstetter W, Stephen S, Onodera H, Ajani J. Initial Standardized Uptake Value (ISUV) of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET can Customize Treatment of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma (EAC) Patients who Achieve Clinical Complete Response (CCR) after Chemoradiation. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)32328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Cubbon RM, Viswambharan H, Baliga V, Yuldasheva N, Stephen S, Askham J, Mercer BN, Rakobowchuk MR, Sukumar P, Skromna A, Li J, Ponnambalam S, Porter KE, Wheatcroft SB, Beech DJ, Kearney MT. A Gene-based restoration of Akt activity in endothelial progenitor cells from human subjects at high cardiovascular risk rescues vascular reparative capacity. Heart 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-301877a.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Pillay AE, Fok SC, Elkadi M, Stephen S, Manuel J, Khan MZ, Unnithan S. Engine Emissions and Performances with Alternative Biodiesels: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5539/jsd.v5n4p59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Stephen S, Naing A, Hong DS, Fu S, Wheler JJ, Moulder SL, Falchook GS, Tsimberidou AM, Piha-Paul SA, Kurzrock R. The use of complementary and alternative medicine in patients seen in phase I clinical trials program. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.9091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Naing A, Reuben JM, Verschraegen CF, Camacho LH, Stephen S, Hong DS, Wheler JJ, Fu S, Martinez M, Akinsanmi L, Kurzrock R. Phase I dose-escalation study of sodium stibogluconate (SSG), a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, combined with interferon-alfa for patients with solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Stephen S, Pheasant M, Makunin IV, Mattick JS. Large-Scale Appearance of Ultraconserved Elements in Tetrapod Genomes and Slowdown of the Molecular Clock. Mol Biol Evol 2008; 25:402-8. [DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msm268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Stephen S. Care planning for independence. Provider 2000; 26:suppl 2-3. [PMID: 11187276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Stephen
- Berlin Health & Rehabilitation Center in Berlin, Vt., USA
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Meek PM, Nail LM, Barsevick A, Schwartz AL, Stephen S, Whitmer K, Beck SL, Jones LS, Walker BL. Psychometric testing of fatigue instruments for use with cancer patients. Nurs Res 2000; 49:181-90. [PMID: 10929689 DOI: 10.1097/00006199-200007000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer treatment-related fatigue (CRF) is a common side effect of cancer treatment. A problem identified in most reviews of CRF is lack of sound approaches to measurement that are congruent with the conceptualization of CRF as a self-perceived state. The diversity of instruments available to measure fatigue and the lack of comprehensive testing of several promising instruments with cancer patients undergoing treatment provided the rationale for this study. The purpose of this article is to report the results of psychometric testing of several fatigue instruments in patients undergoing cancer treatment. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to determine the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of each instrument and to determine the ability of each instrument to capture CRF. METHODS Existing fatigue instruments with published psychometric information that indicated suitability for further testing were selected and included the Profile of Mood States Short Form fatigue subscale (F_POMS-sf), Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF), Lee Fatigue Scale (LFS), and the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI). Data were collected at a university-based clinical cancer center and a freestanding comprehensive cancer center. Subjects completed all study instruments, which were presented in random order, at a time when CRF was expected to be high and again when it was expected to be low. A subset of subjects completed the instruments within 48 hours of one of the data collection points when CRF was expected to be relatively unchanged to provide stability data. RESULTS Reliability estimates using Cronbach's alpha indicated that all instruments examined had good internal consistency. Test-retest correlations showed good stability for total scores on all the instruments, but some subscales of the LFS and MFI had marginal stability. Factor analysis of all instruments indicated that only the LFS and the F_POMS-sf fully supported their construct validity. All of the instruments showed responsiveness to changes in CRF related to treatment. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study provide researchers and clinicians with detailed comparisons of the performance of established fatigue measures in cancer patients undergoing treatment to use when selecting measures of CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Meek
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson 85221-0203, USA
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Abstract
In ovarioles of hemipteran insects, RNA passes from anteriorly positioned nurse cells to the chain of developing oocytes via extended nutritive tubes. These intercellular connections may reach several millimeters in length. Each nutritive tube is comprised of many thousands of parallel microtubules. We have extracted microtubule bundles from isolated nutritive tubes of Notonecta glauca and, using hybridization techniques, provide evidence of poly(A) mRNA attachment to microtubules in vivo. We also show this attachment to be nucleotide-sensitive, which is typical of a motor protein-mediated interaction. The pattern of nucleotide sensistivity is indicative of a kinesin motor mechanism. We provide evidence that a kinesin is present in the nutritive tube translocation channels and is a component of the mRNA/microtubule bundles isolated and extracted from them. Our findings are consistent with kinesin-driven transport of mRNA along the nutritive tube microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stephen
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington Singer Laboratories, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
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Abstract
PURPOSE This study identified self-care behaviors used by women during and after radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY Interviews with 23 women 7 months post-radiation therapy for breast cancer were analyzed for descriptions of self-care. The interviews were part of the final data collection in a longitudinal study investigating experiences post-treatment. RESULTS Self-care behaviors reported most frequently were establishing a good support network, living life to the fullest despite illness, regulating feelings, managing stress, and taking responsibility for one's own health. Results suggest that breast cancer patients have many needs that continue to require attention post-radiation therapy, making self-care an important consideration throughout recovery. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Quality of self-care may make a significant difference to women after treatment for breast cancer. Healthcare providers can promote self-care by encouraging patients to conserve energy, to engage in relationships, and to maintain a positive outlook and by suggesting activities that help patients cope, adapt, and manage symptoms during and after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Seegers
- University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, USA
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Nail LM, Barsevick AM, Meek PM, Beck SL, Jones LS, Walker BL, Whitmer KR, Schwartz AL, Stephen S, King ME. Planning and conducting a multi-institutional project on fatigue. Oncol Nurs Forum 1998; 25:1398-403. [PMID: 9766293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To describe the process used in proposal development and study implementation for a complex multisite project on cancer treatment-related fatigue (CRF), identify strategies used to manage the project, and provide recommendations for teams planning multisite research. DATA SOURCES Information derived from project team meeting records, correspondence, proposals, and personal recollection. DATA SYNTHESIS The project was built on preexisting relationships among the three site investigators who then built a team including faculty, research coordinators, staff nurses, and students. Study sites had a range of organizational models, and the proposal was designed to capitalize on the organizational and resource strengths of each setting. Three team members drawn from outside oncology nursing provided expertise in measurement and experience with fatigue in other populations. Planning meetings were critical to the success of the project. Conference calls, fax technology, and electronic mail were used for communication. Flexibility was important in managing crises and shifting responsibility for specific components of the work. The team documented and evaluated the process used for multisite research, completed a major instrumentation study, and developed a cognitive-behavioral intervention for CRF. CONCLUSIONS Accomplishments during the one-year planning grant exceeded initial expectations. The process of conducting multisite research is complex, especially when the starting point is a planning grant with specific research protocols to be developed and implemented over one year. Explicit planning for decision-making processes to be used throughout the project, acknowledging the differences among the study settings and planning the protocols to capitalize upon those differences, and recruiting a strong research team that included a member with planning grant and team-building expertise were essential elements for success. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Specific recommendations for others planning multisite research are related to team-building, team membership, communication, behavioral norms, role flexibility, resources, feedback, problem management, and shared recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Nail
- University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, USA
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Merritt A, Ewald D, van den Hurk AF, Stephen S, Langrell J. Malaria acquired in the Torres Strait. Commun Dis Intell (2018) 1998; 22:1-2. [PMID: 9503741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Two cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria acquired in the Torres Strait during 1997 are reported. The source of infection could not be firmly established but two possibilities are discussed. Anopheline mosquitoes are present in the Torres Strait, and malaria is frequently imported from Papua New Guinea (PNG), thus transmission by local mosquitoes poses an ongoing threat. However, in this particular location, Badu Island, no recent importation of malaria was identified and mosquito surveillance demonstrated low numbers of anopheline species at the time and for the preceding two years. These cases could also feasibly be explained by a variant of 'baggage malaria' in which mosquitoes already infected with the malaria parasite were imported from PNG in one of the small boats that regularly make this journey. These cases serve as a reminder to health care providers in northern Australia to consider the diagnosis of malaria in patients presenting with a febrile illness.
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Amann K, Gharehbaghi H, Stephen S, Mall G. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of smooth muscle cells of small intramyocardial arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1995; 25:124-31. [PMID: 7843743 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.25.1.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hearts of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated by means of stereology and were compared with those of normotensive. Wistar-Kyoto controls. At the age of 9 months, hypertensive rats showed cardiac hypertrophy, marked myocardial fibrosis, activation of nonvascular interstitium, focal myocytial degeneration, reduction of capillarization, and microarteriopathy of small intramyocardial arteries. Stereologically, a significant increase in the total left ventricular arterial wall volume (+180% versus controls) was found in SHR hearts. By using new stereological techniques, the orientator and the nucleator, we investigated whether this significant increase in total left ventricular arterial wall volume was due to hyperplasia of smooth muscle cells in addition to the process of vascular smooth muscle cell hypertrophy that is common in SHR. Additionally, the nuclear size and ratio of cell volume to nuclear volume were determined using another new stereological technique, the selector. The stereological data indicate a significant increase in mean cell and nuclear volumes as well as in the total number of left ventricular arterial smooth muscle cells of SHR. Additionally, the total length of intramyocardial arteries was also significantly increased in hypertensive rats. The volume and number of arterial smooth muscle cells per arterial length were significantly (P < .001 and P < .05, respectively) higher in SHR than in normotensive controls. Thus, we conclude that hypertrophy and hyperplasia of smooth muscle cells are involved in intramyocardial arterial growth processes in hypertensive heart remodeling.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- K Amann
- Department of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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Stephen S. HIV/AIDS--lessons from Zimbabwe. Nurs Times 1994; 90:46-8. [PMID: 8008600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Sigurdsson GH, Youssef HA, Stephen S. Multiple organ platelet sequestration, hemodynamics, and gas exchange in endotoxin shock and the effects of aspirin-terbutaline treatment. Am J Physiol Imaging 1992; 7:66-72. [PMID: 1419122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of two different drugs on multiple organ platelet sequestration, hemodynamics, and respiratory function during endotoxin shock. Twenty-eight sheep (four groups) were anesthetized and ventilated. Group AT-E received aspirin and terbutaline 30 min before and group E-AT 30 min after Escherichia coli endotoxin. Group E also received endotoxin but no drug treatment (shock controls), and group C received neither endotoxin nor drug treatment. There was a marked platelet trapping in the lungs and in the liver immediately after administration of endotoxin in groups E and E-AT, but after 4 hr it was less pronounced in group E-AT than in the endotoxin controls (P < 0.05). In the pretreated animals (group AT-E) there was no increase in platelet sequestration until almost 2 hr after endotoxin both in the lungs and the liver, but at the end of the study (240 min) there was no difference between the pre- and posttreated groups. No significant changes occurred in the kidneys and spleen in any of the groups. In groups E and E-AT the endotoxin infusion resulted in 200% rise in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and a sharp decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP; 25-30%), respiratory compliance (CT; 50%), arterial oxygen tension (PaO2; 70%) as well as in oxygen delivery index (DO2; 30-40%) within 30 min. After 4 hr the PAP had decreased significantly in group E-AT, but remained high in group E (> 100% higher than in group C). Also MAP, PaO2, DO2 and CT improved slightly in group E-AT, while they remained low in group E.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Sigurdsson
- Department of Anaesthesia and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University
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George DS, Stephen S, Fellows RR, Bremer DL. The latest on retinopathy of prematurity. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 1988; 13:254-8. [PMID: 3136283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Stephen S. Teachers as dental health educators. Odontostomatol Trop 1984; 7:205-8. [PMID: 6597935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Kulachandra Singh M, Kireeti J, Joseph A, Subbannayya K, Stephen S, Rao KN. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus infection in and around manipal (Karnataka). INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 1983; 26:7-13. [PMID: 6605922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Stephen S. Children teaching children dental health education in Kenya. Odontostomatol Trop 1982; 5:193-6. [PMID: 6961385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Stephen S. Storage and retrieval of aids to learning. Nurs Times 1981; 77:1725-6. [PMID: 6170947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Stephen S, Rao HL, Rao KN. Serological evidence of infection by spotted fever group rickettsiae in Karnataka State. Indian J Med Res 1980; 72:352-4. [PMID: 6780455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Stephen S, Rao KN. Natural occurrence of spotted fever group rickettsiae in the dog flea Ctenocephalides canis in Karnataka. Indian J Med Res 1980; 71:870-2. [PMID: 7191408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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43
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Stephen S, Chandrashekara I, Rao KN. Natural occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Indian J Med Res 1980; 71:865-9. [PMID: 7191407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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44
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Stephen S, Achyutha Rao KN. Q fever in India: a review. J Indian Med Assoc 1980; 74:200-3. [PMID: 7005351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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45
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Stephen S, Chandrashekara I, Rao HL, Rao KG, Rao KN. Prevalence of human Q fever in south Kanara district, Karnataka. Indian J Med Res 1980; 71:510-5. [PMID: 7390589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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46
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Stephen S, Chandrashekara I, Rao KG, Rao KN. Natural occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in domestic mammals of Karnataka State. Indian J Med Res 1980; 71:516-21. [PMID: 7390590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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47
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Stephen S, Chandrashekara I, Rao KN. Coxiellosis in fowls of Karnataka State. Indian J Med Res 1980; 71:363-4. [PMID: 7390570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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48
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Stephen S, Chandrashekara I, Rao KN. Complement fixing and agglutinating antibodies to Coxiella burnetii in several mammals of Karnataka State. Indian J Med Res 1979; 70:931-6. [PMID: 541016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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49
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Stephen S, Rao KN. Coxiellosis in reptiles of South Kanara district, Karnataka. Indian J Med Res 1979; 70:937-41. [PMID: 541017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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50
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Stephen S, Achyutha Rao KN. Q fever in South Kanara district: natural occurrence of Coxiella burnetii in the tick (Aponomma gervaisi)--preliminary report. Indian J Med Res 1979; 69:244-6. [PMID: 429027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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