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Hussain SA, Uppal SK, Sood NK, Mohindroo J. Type 2 abomasal ulceration in cattle and buffalo: energy and lipid metabolic status, clinico-biochemical parameters, treatment, and prognostic indicators. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:98. [PMID: 36840789 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Twenty nine animals (22 cattle and 7 buffaloes) having type 2 abomasal ulcer (AU2) were studied in this prospective investigation, along with a control group (n = 20). Signalment, history, clinical signs, and laboratory alterations were determined. Blood, rumen fluid, abomasal fluid, and fecal samples were collected at the time of presentation. Depressed behavior, anorexia, dehydration, melena, sparse feces, and mushy rumen with substantially reduced or nonexistent motility, tachycardia, and tachypnea were common clinical findings. Colic was observed in 58% of animals. While the neutrophil count was significantly greater, the mean of lymphocytes, hemoglobin, erythrocyte count, and hematocrit were all lower (p < 0.05) than the corresponding control values. In comparison to the control values, the levels of BHBA, NEFA, lactate, bilirubin, BUN, creatinine, LDH, CK, GGT, ALP, and AST were significantly higher but levels of proteins, cholesterol, Na, K, Cl, and calcium were lower (p < 0.05). In comparison to the control values, the other hemato-biochemical parameters did not differ substantially (p < 0.05). The rumen and abomasal pH were within the reference range while rumen chloride concentration was increased in majority of animals. Higher percentage (p < 0.05) of non-survivors showed left shift and toxic alterations in neutrophils than the survivors. As compared to the survivors, the non-survivors had higher (p < 0.05) BHBA, triglycerides, total bilirubin, AST, ALP, LDH, and lactate, and lower (p < 0.05) fibrinogen and calcium. The response to medical treatment was fair, long time survival rate was good, and there was no recurrence. The follow-up period was 28 months. After treatment, both the current and the subsequent lactation's milk production were unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ashaq Hussain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Medicine Ethics & Jurisprudence, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, 190006, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Uppal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Sood
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Jitender Mohindroo
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
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Hussain SA, Uppal SK, Singh T. Ultrasonographic assessment of change in omasal position during the last month of gestation and first month of lactation in buffaloes. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2021; 163:411-418. [PMID: 34097635 DOI: 10.17236/sat00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was aimed to determine the effect of advanced pregnancy on the topography and size of the omasum in 22 healthy Murrah buffaloes. The omasum was scanned 15-20 days before and after parturition, as per the standard procedure. The dorsal and ventral margins of the omasum were identified and marked at each intercostal space (ICS). The dorsal and ventral limits up to the dorsal midline were measured. The omasum was scanned in 6th to 11th ICS during advanced pregnancy and 7th to 11th ICS after the parturition. Irrespective of the pregnancy, the dorsal and ventral margins of the omasum were located farther dorsal and close to the spine in the 6th, 7th and 11th ICS. Except in one buffalo, the omasum was scanned in four consecutive ICS during the advanced pregnancy. After parturition the omasum was scanned in four and five consecutive ICS in 17 and five buffaloes, respectively. The mean dorsal and ventral limits of the omasum increased significantly (P .
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hussain
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Medicine Ethics & Jurisprudence, Faculty of veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India
| | - S K Uppal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
| | - T Singh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
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Chaudhari V, Sharma AK, Singh BB, Randhawa CS, Uppal SK. Stridor and emphysema due to cystic echinococcosis in cattle and buffalo intermediate hosts in Punjab, India. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2017; 10:51-53. [PMID: 31014598 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The clinical symptoms associated with hydatid disease in the bovine populations remain largely unknown and the disease is usually considered asymptomatic in these intermediate hosts. We report occurrence of symptoms such as sudden onset of continuous stridor, coughing and wheezing due to hydatid cysts present in the lungs of infected cattle and buffalo. Two cattle and one buffalo presented to the Teaching Veterinary Hospital, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences University with the complaint of continuous stridor, coughing and wheezing with normal feed and water intake were followed up. The comprehensive clinical examination followed by haematology, radiography of upper and lower respiratory tract, ultrasonography of lungs, liver and reticulum revealed presence of multiple hydatid cysts in the lung parenchyma. There was presence of subcutaneous emphysema in one of the infected animal. Radiography revealed cysts occupying up to 60% of alveolar space in the lungs. Endoscopy up to hilus was carried out to rule out the presence of any other mass/lesion in the respiratory tract. Per cutaneous aspiration (Ultrasound guided) of cystic fluid confirmed the diagnosis and fertile nature of hydatid cysts. The current study reports association of stridor and emphysema with hydatid disease in bovine hosts and it is important that veterinary practitioners in endemic areas consider hydatid disease for differential diagnosis when investigating the etiology of stridor and emphysema in bovine intermediate hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Chaudhari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - A K Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - B B Singh
- School of Public Health & Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.
| | - C S Randhawa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - S K Uppal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
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Kottadamane MR, Dhaliwal PS, Singla LD, Bansal BK, Uppal SK. Clinical and hematobiochemical response in canine monocytic ehrlichiosis seropositive dogs of Punjab. Vet World 2017; 10:255-261. [PMID: 28344412 PMCID: PMC5352854 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.255-261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM As in India especially, the Punjab state sero-prevalence and distribution of ehrlichiosis in relation to clinico-hematobiochemical response remains largely unexplored. Thus, this study was designed to determine the prevalence of vector (tick)-borne tropical canine pancytopenia caused by Ehrlichia canis through enzyme labeled ImmunoComb® (IC) assay in dogs from in and around Ludhiana, Punjab. Correlation of prevalence was made with various clinico-hematobiochemical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seroprevalence study was carried out using IC® test kit (Biogal, Galed Labs). The study was conducted in 84 dogs presented to the Small Animal Clinics, Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab. RESULTS Out of 84 suspected dogs for ehrlichiosis, based on peripheral thin blood smear examination 12 (14.28%) cases were positive for the morulae of E. canis and 73 (86.90%) dogs were found positive to E. canis antibodies through IC® canine Ehrlichia antibody test kit, respectively. Among the different age groups 1-3 years of aged group showed highest prevalence (41.09%), followed by the 3-6 years age group (32.87%), infection levels were lower in the <1 year of age group dogs (13.69%) and more than 6 years age group dogs (12.32%). The highest prevalence was seen in Labrador retriever. This study indicates that season plays a very important role in the prevalence of ehrlichiosis. The most common findings observed were anemia, leukocytosis, neutropenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia followed by hyperbilirubinemia, increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinaemia, decrease in albumin and globulin ratio, increase in blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. CONCLUSIONS Serological techniques like IC® are more useful for detecting chronic and subclinical infections and are ideally suited to epidemiological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa R Kottadamane
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Pritpal Singh Dhaliwal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Lachhman Das Singla
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Baljinder Kumar Bansal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Uppal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Gonde S, Chhabra S, Uppal SK, Singla LD, Randhawa SS. A unique case of Babesia gibsoni infected dog with paraplegia. J Parasit Dis 2016; 40:1605-1608. [PMID: 27876993 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-015-0739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4 year old male Rottweiler was presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinics of GADVASU with a primary complaint of paraplegia, fever and inappetence. The dog was found to be dull with elevated rectal temperature (105 °F), heart rate (158 per minute) and respiration rate (57 per minute). Blood smear examination and PCR assay revealed that dog was positive for Babesia gibsoni. Elevated bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, total leucocyte count, neutrophils and hypoglycaemia were haemato-biochemical alterations. The therapy targeting babesiosis was carried out with a single dose of diminazene aceturate in combination with doxycycline, enrofloxacin and metronidazole for 21 days. Complete follow up of the case revealed complete clinical recovery within 21 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Gonde
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - S Chhabra
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - S K Uppal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - L D Singla
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
| | - S S Randhawa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India
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Chhabra S, Uppal SK, Singla LD. Retrospective study of clinical and hematological aspects associated with dogs naturally infected by Hepatozoon canis in Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 3:483-6. [PMID: 23730562 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinical and hematological aspects of dogs naturally infected with Hepatozoon canis (H. canis) presented at the Small Animal Clinics of Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana. METHODS Blood films of 34 naturally infected dogs were examined for haematological alterations and parasitaemia. Signalment and clinical signs were recorded from the animals. Clinical histories were filled out during the consultation. RESULTS Of the 34 positive dogs by Giemsa stained peripheral blood films, 88.23% presented parasitaemia by H. canis only, while 11.77% had the combination of H. canis, Babesia sp. and Ehrlichia sp. Young male dogs less than one-year-old, of non-descript breed, were the most commonly affected. And 26.47% were presented with anorexia/inappetence as the only clinical symptom. Other clinical symptoms were mild to moderate fever, pale mucosae and lethargy; a few were also showing the signs of vomiting and diarrhoea. Haematological alterations showed mainly normochromic-normocytic anaemia, leukocytosis and neutrophilia. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study substantiate that H. canis caused clinical and haematological alterations of the varied intensity in dogs, even with low parasitaemia, should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Chhabra
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
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Eljadar MSM, Singla LD, Mustafa RAA, Uppal SK. Morphometric variations in gametocytes of Hepatozoon canis from naturally infected dogs. J Parasit Dis 2012; 37:143-7. [PMID: 24431557 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-012-0149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the morphometric characteristic of canine haemoprotozoan, Hepatozoon canis, using software DP2-BSW (OLYMPUS). The gametocytes of H. canis found inside the neutrophils were characteristic in shape and size and varied from 9.50 to 11.80 μm × 5.10-6.00 μm. Parasitaemia ranged from 1.00 to 39.00 %. Few gametocytes without nuclei and of abnormal shapes were also observed. The results were compared with the measurements done by using ocular micrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S M Eljadar
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004 Punjab India
| | - L D Singla
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004 Punjab India
| | - Radya A A Mustafa
- Animal Disease Research Centre, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004 Punjab India
| | - S K Uppal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004 Punjab India
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Randhawa SS, Uppal SK, Joshi BP, Randhawa CS. Epidemiological and clinicotherapeutic study of leucoderma in dairy cattle and buffaloes. Vet Rec 2009; 164:631-2. [PMID: 19448259 DOI: 10.1136/vr.164.20.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S S Randhawa
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India
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Abstract
The blood biochemical and ruminal fluid parameters of 5 buffaloes showing omasal impaction were studied, together with 10 healthy buffaloes as control. The diseased buffaloes had significantly higher serum aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, total protein, globulin and fibrinogen levels and significantly lower plasma calcium, potassium and chloride concentrations than the controls. The ruminal liquor of the diseased buffaloes revealed characteristic physical, chemical and microbial changes and had significantly higher methylene blue reduction time and ammonia-nitrogen level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Turkar
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India.
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Uppal SK, Wolf K, Khahra SS, Martens H. Modulation of Na+ transport across isolated rumen epithelium by short-chain fatty acids in hay- and concentrate-fed sheep. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2003; 87:380-8. [PMID: 14633047 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0396.2003.00448.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effect of increasing concentrations of short-chain fatty acids [SCFA; mixture of the Na+ salts of acetic acid (62.5%), propionic acid (25.0%) and of butyric acid (12.5%)] on Na+ transport of sheep rumen epithelium was studied in vitro. The conventional Ussing chamber method was used for measuring Na+ transport rates (22Na+), short-circuit current (Isc) and tissue conductance (GT) of isolated rumen epithelium. SCFA in the buffer solution on the mucosal side caused a linear increase of Jnet Na+ from 1.14, to 1.22, 1.78 and 2.50 microeq/cm2/h in hay-fed sheep at 0, 15, 40 and 80 mmol/l SCFA, respectively. In a second study, the effect of higher SCFA concentrations [0 (control), 80, 100 and 120 mmol/l] was investigated with epithelia from two groups of sheep. One group was subjected to hay ad libitum, whereas the other received concentrate feed (800 g/day in equal portions at 7.00 am and 3.00 pm) and hay ad libitum. Epithelia from concentrate-fed sheep again showed a significant (p < 0.05) and linear increase in Jnet Na+ at 80, 100 and 120 mmol/l. However, in hay-fed sheep, the difference in increase among 80, 100 and 120 mmol/l SCFA was not significant, indicating that, above 80 mmol/l SCFA Jms and Jnet exhibit saturation. Moreover, Na+ fluxes (Jms and Jnet) were generally higher in concentrate-fed than in hay-fed sheep at all SCFA concentrations and significant differences were observed at 100 and 120 mmol/l SCFA. The obtained results confirm the effect of SCFA on Na+ transport and are in agreement with studies regarding feeding regimes and electrolyte transport in the rumen. The important new observation is the increase of Na+ transport in concentrate-fed sheep even at high concentrations of SCFA (100 and 120 mmol/l). The enhanced activity of the Na+/H+ exchanger at these SCFA concentrations supports the assumption that the capacity for regulating the intracellular pH by extrusion of protons is increased, suggesting an adaptation in concentrate-fed sheep. This adaptation could prevent possible disturbances of epithelial functions (transport and barrier) under conditions of increased SCFA absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Uppal
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Service Complex, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Uppal SK, Wolf K, Martens H. The effect of short chain fatty acids on calcium flux rates across isolated rumen epithelium of hay-fed and concentrate-fed sheep. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2003; 87:12-20. [PMID: 14511145 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0396.2003.00401.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present in vitro experiment was conducted to study the effect of two concentrations of short chain fatty acids [SCFA: 0 (control), 40 and 100 mmol/l in the buffer solution on mucosal side] on calcium ion (Ca2+) transport across the isolated rumen epithelium of two groups of sheep. One group was subjected to hay ad libitum, whereas the other to concentrate feed (800 g per day in equal portion at 7.00 and 15.00 hours and hay ad lib). The conventional Ussing chamber method was used for measuring the Ca2+ transport rates (45Ca), short-circuit current (Isc) and tissue conductance (GT) of isolated rumen epithelium. The SCFA significantly increased Isc of the epithelia of concentrate-fed sheep. In both hay- and concentrate-fed animals, 45Ca flux rates showed an almost linear increase in net flux rate () with rising concentrations of SCFA, as a result of a combined effect of a large increase in mucosal-to-serosal flux rates () and an almost linear, but small, decrease in serosal-to-mucosal flux rate (). In concentrate-fed sheep and were significantly higher in tissues incubated with SCFA compared with hay-fed animals. The well-known adaptable morphological and functional changes in the rumen epithelium attributable to concentrate feeding obviously include Ca2+ transport; such feeding therefore may be considered as a possible prophylactic measure in the prevention of milk fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Uppal
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, E & J, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Uppal SK, Srivastava VK, Mullick P, Vaishnava S. Association of gastroenteritis with urinary tract infection in infancy. Indian Pediatr 1975; 12:159-60. [PMID: 1099002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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