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Ocampo-Anguiano PV, Victoria-Ruiz LL, Reynoso-Camacho R, Olvera-Ramírez AM, Rocha-Guzmán NE, Ramos-Gómez M, Ahumada-Solórzano SM. Ingestion of Bean Leaves Reduces Metabolic Complications and Restores Intestinal Integrity in C57BL/6 Mice with Obesity Induced by a High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet. Nutrients 2024; 16:367. [PMID: 38337654 PMCID: PMC10856891 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumption of foods with fiber and compounds can promote gastrointestinal health and reduce obesity complications. Therefore, treatment with common bean leaves (BL) against obesity was evaluated in mice with a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD) for 14 weeks. The bromatological and phytochemical characterization of BL were determined. Afterwards, the animals were supplemented with BL (10%) or a standard diet (SD) as a strategy to encourage a healthy diet for 12 additional weeks. Changes in body composition, lipid profile, and intestinal integrity were analyzed. The characterization of BL stood out for its content of 27.2% dietary fiber, total phenolics (475.04 mg/100 g), and saponins (2.2 mg/100 g). The visceral adipose tissue (VAT) decreased in the BL group by 52% compared to the HFFD group. Additionally, triglyceride levels were 23% lower in the BL consumption group compared to the HFFD group. The improvement in lipid profile was attributed to the 1.77-fold higher fecal lipid excretion in the BL consumption group compared to the HFFD group and the inhibition of pancreatic lipase by 29%. Furthermore, BL supplementation reduced the serum levels of IL-6 (4.4-fold) and FITC-dextran by 50% compared with those in the HFFD group. Metabolic endotoxemia was inhibited after BL supplementation (-33%) compared to the HFFD group. BL consumption as a treatment in obese mice reduces adipose tissue accumulation and improves the lipid profile. Furthermore, we report for the first time that BL consumption improves intestinal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Viridiana Ocampo-Anguiano
- Research and Postgraduate Department in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (P.V.O.-A.); (L.L.V.-R.); (R.R.-C.)
- Interdisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Laura Lizeth Victoria-Ruiz
- Research and Postgraduate Department in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (P.V.O.-A.); (L.L.V.-R.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho
- Research and Postgraduate Department in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (P.V.O.-A.); (L.L.V.-R.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Andrea Margarita Olvera-Ramírez
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico;
| | - Nuria Elizabeth Rocha-Guzmán
- Research Group on Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Durango 34080, Mexico;
| | - Minerva Ramos-Gómez
- Research and Postgraduate Department in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (P.V.O.-A.); (L.L.V.-R.); (R.R.-C.)
| | - Santiaga Marisela Ahumada-Solórzano
- Interdisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
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Becerril-Campos AA, Ramos-Gómez M, De Los Ríos-Arellano EA, Ocampo-Anguiano PV, González-Gallardo A, Macotela Y, García-Gasca T, Ahumada-Solórzano SM. Bean Leaves Ameliorate Lipotoxicity in Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:2928. [PMID: 37447254 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds in plant-based food have protective effects against metabolic alterations, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Bean leaves are widely cultivated in the world and are a source of dietary fiber and polyphenols. High fat/high fructose diet animal models promote deleterious effects in adipose and non-adipose tissues (lipotoxicity), leading to obesity and its comorbidities. Short-term supplementation of bean leaves exhibited anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-obesity effects in high-fat/high-fructose diet animal models. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bean leaves supplementation in the prevention of lipotoxicity in NAFLD and contribute to elucidating the possible mechanism involved for a longer period of time. During thirteen weeks, male Wistar rats (n = 9/group) were fed with: (1) S: Rodent Laboratory Chow 5001® (RLC); (2) SBL: 90% RLC+ 10% dry bean leaves; (3) H: high-fat/high-fructose diet; (4) HBL: H+ 10% of dry bean leaves. Overall, a HBL diet enhanced impaired glucose tolerance and ameliorated obesity, risk factors in NAFLD development. Additionally, bean leaves exerted antioxidant (↑serum GSH) and anti-inflammatory (↓mRNA TNFα in the liver) effects, prevented hepatic fat accumulation by enhanced ↑mRNA PPARα (β oxidation), and enhanced lipid peroxidation (↓liver MDA). These findings suggest that bean leaves ameliorated hepatic lipotoxicity derived from the consumption of a deleterious diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Araceli Becerril-Campos
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. De las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Minerva Ramos-Gómez
- Food Research and Graduate Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico
| | | | - Perla Viridiana Ocampo-Anguiano
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. De las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
- Food Research and Graduate Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico
| | - Adriana González-Gallardo
- Proteogenomic Unit, Neurobiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Yazmín Macotela
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Queretaro 76237, Mexico
| | - Teresa García-Gasca
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. De las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Santiaga Marisela Ahumada-Solórzano
- Interdisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus Juriquilla, Av. De las Ciencias S/N, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
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Becerril-Campos AA, Ocampo-Anguiano PV, Mondragón-Jacobo C, Escobar-García K, Camacho-Barrón M, Anaya-Loyola MA, Feregrino-Perez AA, García-Gasca T, Ahumada-Solórzano SM. Phaseolus vulgaris L. Leaves Increase Short-Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA) Production, Ameliorating Early Metabolic Alterations. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2022; 77:421-426. [PMID: 35821457 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-00992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High-fat/high-fructose diets promote early metabolic disorders in weight and lipid and glucose metabolism. Bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and fiber present in plant-based food prevent the development of metabolic disorders. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Flor de Mayo Eugenia (FME) bean leaves on early metabolic alterations in male Wistar rats fed a high-fat/high-fructose diet. After proximate and chemical analysis of FME bean leaves, thirty-six male Wistar rats (ethical approval 06FCN2019 and 77FCN2019) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: 1) standard diet (S) fed with Rodent Laboratory Chow 5001®; 2) standard diet + 10% dry FME bean leaves (SBL); 3) high-fat (lard) and high-fructose diet (H); and 4) high-fat/high-fructose diet + 10% dry FME bean leaves (HBL). The study was carried out for six weeks. Group H exhibited early metabolic alterations compared to Group S: final weight gain (↑15%), abdominal fat accumulation (waist circumference, ↑11%), triglycerides (↑30%), glucose (↑16%), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, ↑32%), and fecal triglycerides (↑284%) and decreased total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs, ↓17%). FME bean leave supplementation (HBL) prevented body weight gain (↓12%), abdominal fat accumulation (waist circumference, ↓10%), and early insulin resistance (glucose area under the curve, ↓6%) compared to Group H. The supplementary bean leave diet increased SCFA production (↑54%), most likely mediated by the fiber and polyphenols present in the leaves. Therefore, bean leaves are a low-cost alternative for human nutritional care and prevention of early metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Araceli Becerril-Campos
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales (FCN), Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (UAQ), Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N., Juriquilla, Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Perla Viridiana Ocampo-Anguiano
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales (FCN), Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (UAQ), Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N., Juriquilla, Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Candelario Mondragón-Jacobo
- Horticultura y Producción Agrícola, FCN, UAQ, Campus Amazcala. Carretera Chichimequillas. S/N km 1, El Marqués, Querétaro, C.P. 76265, México
| | - Konisgmar Escobar-García
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Animal, FCN, UAQ. Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Mariela Camacho-Barrón
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Humana, FCN, UAQ. Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Miriam Aracely Anaya-Loyola
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Humana, FCN, UAQ. Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Ana Angélica Feregrino-Perez
- Laboratorio Metabolitos Secundarios y Nutraceúticos, Facultad de Ingeniería, UAQ, Campus Aeropuerto. Carretera a Chichimequillas S/N, Ejido Bolaños, Querétaro, C.P. 76140, México
| | - Teresa García-Gasca
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales (FCN), Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (UAQ), Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N., Juriquilla, Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Santiaga Marisela Ahumada-Solórzano
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales (FCN), Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (UAQ), Campus Juriquilla, Av. de las Ciencias S/N., Juriquilla, Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México.
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Alba-Betancourt C, Arámburo C, Avila-Mendoza J, Ahumada-Solórzano SM, Carranza M, Rodríguez-Méndez AJ, Harvey S, Luna M. Expression, cellular distribution, and heterogeneity of growth hormone in the chicken cerebellum during development. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 170:528-40. [PMID: 21094646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2010] [Revised: 11/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although growth hormone (GH) is mainly synthesized and secreted by pituitary somatotrophs, it is now well established that the GH gene can be expressed in many extrapituitary tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). Here we studied the expression of GH in the chicken cerebellum. Cerebellar GH expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization and cDNA sequencing, as well as by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. GH heterogeneity was studied by Western blotting. We demonstrated that the GH gene was expressed in the chicken cerebellum and that its nucleotide sequence is closely homologous to pituitary GH cDNA. Within the cerebellum, GH mRNA is mainly expressed in Purkinje cells and in cells of the granular layer. GH-immunoreactivity (IR) is also widespread in the cerebellum and is similarly most abundant in the Purkinje and granular cells as identified by specific neuronal markers and histochemical techniques. The GH concentration in the cerebellum is age-related and higher in adult birds than in embryos and juveniles. Cerebellar GH-IR, as determined by Western blot under reducing conditions, is associated with several size variants (of 15, 23, 26, 29, 35, 45, 50, 55, 80 kDa), of which the 15 kDa isoform predominates (>30% among all developmental stages). GH receptor (GHR) mRNA and protein are also present in the cerebellum and are similarly mainly present in Purkinje and granular cells. Together, these data suggest that GH and GHR are locally expressed within the cerebellum and that this hormone may act as a local autocrine/paracrine factor during development of this neural tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alba-Betancourt
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
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