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Beyer K, Lawlor A, Remmers S, Bezuidenhout C, Gómez Rivas J, Venderbos LD, Smith EJ, Gandaglia G, MacLennan S, MacLennan SJ, Bjartell A, Briganti A, Cornford P, Evans-Axelsson S, Ribal MJ, N'Dow J, Briers E, Roobol MJ, Van Hemelrijck M. How Can We Improve Patient-Clinician Communication for Men Diagnosed with Prostate Cancer? EUR UROL SUPPL 2024; 62:1-7. [PMID: 38585208 PMCID: PMC10998269 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective The ability of health care professionals to communicate with patients compassionately and effectively is crucial for shared decision-making, but little research has investigated patient-clinician communication. As part of PIONEER-an international Big Data Consortium led by the European Association of Urology to answer key questions for men with prostate cancer (PCa), funded through the IMI2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement 777492- we investigated communication between men diagnosed with PCa and the health care professional(s) treating them across Europe. Methods We used the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire-Communication 26, which was shared via the PIONEER and patient organisations on March 11, 2022. We sought men who spoke French, Italian, Spanish, German, Dutch, or English who were diagnosed with PCa and were undergoing or had already received treatment for their PCa. Results and limitations A total of 372 men reported that they communicated with their clinician during either the diagnostic or the treatment period. Overall, the majority of participants reported positive experiences. However, important opportunities to enhance communication were identified, particularly with regard to correcting misunderstandings, understanding the patient's preferred approach to information presentation, addressing challenging questions, supporting the patient's comprehension of information, attending to the patient's emotional needs, and assessing what information had already been given to patients about their disease and treatment, and how much of it was understood. Conclusions and clinical implications These results help us to identify gaps and barriers to shared treatment decision making. This knowledge will help devise measures to improve patient-health care professional communication in the PCa setting. Patient summary As part of the PIONEER initiative, we investigated the communication between men diagnosed with prostate cancer and their health care professionals across Europe. A total of 372 men from six different countries participated in the study. Most participants reported positive experiences, but areas where communication could be improved were identified. These included addressing misunderstandings, tailoring the presentation of information to the patient's preferences, handling difficult questions, supporting emotional needs, and assessing the patient's understanding of their diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Beyer
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ailbhe Lawlor
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Sebastiaan Remmers
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carla Bezuidenhout
- European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Gómez Rivas
- Department of Urology, Clínico San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lionne D.F. Venderbos
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emma J. Smith
- European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Gandaglia
- Department of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Steven MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | | | - Anders Bjartell
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Department of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Philip Cornford
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Maria J. Ribal
- European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - James N'Dow
- European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | | | - Monique J. Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - for the PIONEER Consortium
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King’s College London, London, UK
- European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Clínico San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medical Affairs Oncology, Bayer AB, Stockholm, Sweden
- Patient advocate, Hasselt, Belgium
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Russell B, Beyer K, Lawlor A, Roobol MJ, Venderbos LD, Remmers S, Briers E, MacLennan SJ, MacLennan S, Omar MI, Van Hemelrijck M. Survivorship Data in Prostate Cancer: Where Are We and Where Do We Need To Be? EUR UROL SUPPL 2024; 59:27-29. [PMID: 38298764 PMCID: PMC10829596 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer survivorship was recently identified as a prostate cancer (PCa) research priority by PIONEER, a European network of excellence for big data in PCa. Despite being a research priority, cancer survivorship lacks a clear and agreed definition, and there is a distinct paucity of patient-reported outcome (PRO) data available on the subject. Data collection on cancer survivorship depends on the availability and implementation of (validated) routinely collected patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). There have been recent advances in the availability of such PROMs. For instance, the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Group (EORTC QLG) is developing survivorship questionnaires. This provides an excellent first step in improving the data available on cancer survivorship. However, we propose that an agreed, standardised definition of (prostate) cancer survivorship must first be established. Only then can real-world data on survivorship be collected to strengthen our knowledge base. With more men than ever surviving PCa, this type of research is imperative to ensure that the quality of life of these men is considered as much as their quantity of life. Patient summary As there are more prostate cancer survivors than ever before, research into cancer survivorship is crucial. We highlight the importance of such research and provide recommendations on how to carry it out. The first step should be establishing agreement on a standardised definition of survivorship. From this, patient-reported outcome measures can then be used to collect important survivorship data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Russell
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ailbhe Lawlor
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Monique J. Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lionne D.F. Venderbos
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Remmers
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Omar MI, MacLennan S, Ribal MJ, Roobol MJ, Dimitropoulos K, van den Broeck T, MacLennan SJ, Axelsson SE, Gandaglia G, Willemse PP, Mastris K, Ransohoff JB, Devecseri Z, Abbott T, De Meulder B, Bjartell A, Asiimwe A, N'Dow J. Unanswered questions in prostate cancer - findings of an international multi-stakeholder consensus by the PIONEER consortium. Nat Rev Urol 2023:10.1038/s41585-023-00748-9. [PMID: 37012441 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00748-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
PIONEER is a European network of excellence for big data in prostate cancer consisting of 37 private and public stakeholders from 9 countries across Europe. Many progresses have been done in prostate cancer management, but unanswered questions in the field still exist, and big data could help to answer these questions. The PIONEER consortium conducted a two-round modified Delphi survey aiming at building consensus between two stakeholder groups - health-care professionals and patients with prostate cancer - about the most important questions in the field of prostate cancer to be answered using big data. Respondents were asked to consider what would be the effect of answering the proposed questions on improving diagnosis and treatment outcomes for patients with prostate cancer and to score these questions on a scale of 1 (not important) to 9 (critically important). The mean percentage of participants who scored each of the proposed questions as critically important was calculated across the two stakeholder groups and used to rank the questions and identify the highest scoring questions in the critically important category. The identification of questions in prostate cancer that are important to various stakeholders will help the PIONEER consortium to provide answers to these questions to improve the clinical care of patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Omar
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
- Guidelines Office, European Association of Urology, Arnhem, Netherlands.
| | | | - Maria J Ribal
- Guidelines Office, European Association of Urology, Arnhem, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giorgio Gandaglia
- Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ken Mastris
- European Cancer Patient Coalition, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Anders Bjartell
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - James N'Dow
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- Guidelines Office, European Association of Urology, Arnhem, Netherlands
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Ratti MM, Gandaglia G, Sisca ES, Derevianko A, Alleva E, Beyer K, Moss C, Barletta F, Scuderi S, Omar MI, MacLennan S, Williamson PR, Zong J, MacLennan SJ, Mottet N, Cornford P, Aiyegbusi OL, Van Hemelrijck M, N’Dow J, Briganti A. A Systematic Review to Evaluate Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) for Metastatic Prostate Cancer According to the COnsensus-Based Standard for the Selection of Health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) Methodology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205120. [PMID: 36291905 PMCID: PMC9600015 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) is one of the most common solid tumors in men and both the disease and the treatments affect patients’ quality of life (QoL). Patient-reported Outcome Measurements (PROMs) are important to assess the patient’s subjective experience with disease and treatment. Our aim is to appraise, compare, and summarize the psychometric properties of Patient-reported Outcome Measures (PROMs). Our findings can improve patients’ care and their quality of life during treatment and the disease path. Abstract Introduction: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) represent important endpoints in metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). However, the clinically valid and accurate measurement of health-related quality of life depends on the psychometric properties of the PROMs considered. Objective: To appraise, compare, and summarize the properties of PROMs in mPCa. Evidence acquisition: We performed a review of PROMs used in RCTs, including patients with mPCa, using Medline in September 2021, according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) criteria. This systematic review is part of PIONEER (an IMI2 European network of excellence for big data in PCa). Results: The most frequently used PROMs in RCTs of patients with mPCa were the Functional Assessment for Cancer Therapy—Prostate (FACT-P) (n = 18), the Brief Pain Inventory—Short Form (BPI-SF) (n = 8), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) (n = 6). A total of 283 abstracts were screened and 12 full-text studies were evaluated. A total of two, one, and two studies reported the psychometric proprieties of FACT-P, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), and BPI-SF, respectively. FACT-P and BPI showed a high content validity, while BPI-SF showed a moderate content validity. FACT-P and BPI showed a high internal consistency (summarized by Cronbach’s α 0.70–0.95). Conclusions: The use of BPI and FACT-P in mPCa patients is supported by their high content validity and internal consistency. Since BPI is focused on pain assessment, we recommend FACT-P, which provides a broader assessment of QoL and wellbeing, for the clinical evaluation of mPCa patients. However, these considerations have been elaborated on in a very limited number of studies. Patient summary: In this paper, we review the psychometric properties of PROMs used with patients with mPCa to find the questionnaires that best assess patients’ QoL, in order to help professionals in their intervention and improve patients’ QoL. We recommend the use of BPI and FACT-P for their high content validity and internal consistency despite the limited number of studies considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Monica Ratti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-2643-4066; Fax: +39-02-2643-7298
| | - Giorgio Gandaglia
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, URI, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Silvia Sisca
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alexandra Derevianko
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenia Alleva
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Translational and Oncology Research (TOUR), Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Charlotte Moss
- Translational and Oncology Research (TOUR), Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Francesco Barletta
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, URI, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Scuderi
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, URI, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Steven MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Paula R. Williamson
- MRC North West Hub for Trials Methodology Research, University of Liverpool, a Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK
| | - Jihong Zong
- Real World Evidence, Global Medical Affairs Oncology, Whippany, NJ 07999, USA
| | - Sara J. MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Nicolas Mottet
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, 42055 St. Etienne, France
| | - Philip Cornford
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi
- Centre for Patient-Reported Outcomes Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational and Oncology Research (TOUR), Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - James N’Dow
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, URI, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
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MacLennan SJ, Cox T, Murdoch S, Eatough V. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the meaning of work to women living with breast cancer. Chronic Illn 2022; 18:503-516. [PMID: 33475434 DOI: 10.1177/1742395320987883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Work is an important aspect of everyday life. This remains true for those living with and beyond cancer. Less is known about how the meaning of work may change over the cancer journey, the needs of the individual in response to changes and how healthcare professionals and employing organisations can meet these needs. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of work after treatment for breast cancer in a group of professional working women within the UK. METHODS This article presents an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) of the experiences of 15 professional women diagnosed with breast cancer. RESULTS We discuss these women's journey from (1) rethinking the meaning of work to (2) making decisions about work ability and advice on work to (3) transitioning back in to the workplace and the value of continued engagement with employer. DISCUSSION The findings from this study demonstrate the complex interplay between living with cancer, treatment decisions and work. This study highlights two key areas for inclusion in practice: (1) support from Healthcare Professionals and judgements of functional ability and work ability and (2) the role of line managers in managing cancer and work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Thomas Cox
- Centre for Sustainable Working Life, Birkbeck University of London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Murdoch
- Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Virginia Eatough
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck University of London, London, UK
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Dasgupta R, Cameron S, Aucott L, MacLennan G, Kilonzo MM, Lam TBL, Thomas R, Norrie J, McDonald A, Anson K, N’Dow J, Burgess N, Clark CT, Keeley FX, MacLennan SJ, Starr K, McClinton S. Shockwave lithotripsy compared with ureteroscopic stone treatment for adults with ureteric stones: the TISU non-inferiority RCT. Health Technol Assess 2022; 26:1-70. [PMID: 35301982 PMCID: PMC8958411 DOI: 10.3310/wuzw9042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary stone disease affects 2-3% of the general population. Ureteric stones are associated with severe pain and can have a significant impact on a patient's quality of life. Most ureteric stones are expected to pass spontaneously with supportive care; however, between one-fifth and one-third of patients require an active intervention. The two standard interventions are shockwave lithotripsy and ureteroscopic stone treatment. Both treatments are effective, but they differ in terms of invasiveness, anaesthetic requirement, treatment setting, number of procedures, complications, patient-reported outcomes and cost. There is uncertainty around which is the more clinically effective and cost-effective treatment. OBJECTIVES To determine if shockwave lithotripsy is clinically effective and cost-effective compared with ureteroscopic stone treatment in adults with ureteric stones who are judged to require active intervention. DESIGN A pragmatic, multicentre, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial of shockwave lithotripsy as a first-line treatment option compared with primary ureteroscopic stone treatment for ureteric stones. SETTING Urology departments in 25 NHS hospitals in the UK. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged ≥ 16 years presenting with a single ureteric stone in any segment of the ureter, confirmed by computerised tomography, who were able to undergo either shockwave lithotripsy or ureteroscopic stone treatment and to complete trial procedures. INTERVENTION Eligible participants were randomised 1 : 1 to shockwave lithotripsy (up to two sessions) or ureteroscopic stone treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary clinical outcome measure was resolution of the stone episode (stone clearance), which was operationally defined as 'no further intervention required to facilitate stone clearance' up to 6 months from randomisation. This was determined from 8-week and 6-month case report forms and any additional hospital visit case report form that was completed by research staff. The primary economic outcome measure was the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained at 6 months from randomisation. We estimated costs from NHS resources and calculated quality-adjusted life-years from participant completion of the EuroQol-5 Dimensions, three-level version, at baseline, pre intervention, 1 week post intervention and 8 weeks and 6 months post randomisation. RESULTS In the shockwave lithotripsy arm, 67 out of 302 (22.2%) participants needed further treatment. In the ureteroscopic stone treatment arm, 31 out of 302 (10.3%) participants needed further treatment. The absolute risk difference was 11.4% (95% confidence interval 5.0% to 17.8%); the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval ruled out the prespecified margin of non-inferiority (which was 20%). The mean quality-adjusted life-year difference (shockwave lithotripsy vs. ureteroscopic stone treatment) was -0.021 (95% confidence interval 0.033 to -0.010) and the mean cost difference was -£809 (95% confidence interval -£1061 to -£551). The probability that shockwave lithotripsy is cost-effective is 79% at a threshold of society's willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life-year of £30,000. The CEAC is derived from the joint distribution of incremental costs and incremental effects. Most of the results fall in the south-west quadrant of the cost effectiveness plane as SWL always costs less but is less effective. LIMITATIONS A limitation of the trial was low return and completion rates of patient questionnaires. The study was initially powered for 500 patients in each arm; however, the total number of patients recruited was only 307 and 306 patients in the ureteroscopic stone treatment and shockwave lithotripsy arms, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving shockwave lithotripsy needed more further interventions than those receiving primary ureteroscopic retrieval, although the overall costs for those receiving the shockwave treatment were lower. The absolute risk difference between the two clinical pathways (11.4%) was lower than expected and at a level that is acceptable to clinicians and patients. The shockwave lithotripsy pathway is more cost-effective in an NHS setting, but results in lower quality of life. FUTURE WORK (1) The generic health-related quality-of-life tools used in this study do not fully capture the impact of the various treatment pathways on patients. A condition-specific health-related quality-of-life tool should be developed. (2) Reporting of ureteric stone trials would benefit from agreement on a core outcome set that would ensure that future trials are easier to compare. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered as ISRCTN92289221. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 26, No. 19. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranan Dasgupta
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Cameron
- Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Lorna Aucott
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Graeme MacLennan
- Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mary M Kilonzo
- Health Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Thomas BL Lam
- NHS Grampian, Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ruth Thomas
- Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - John Norrie
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alison McDonald
- Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ken Anson
- Department of Urology, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - James N’Dow
- NHS Grampian, Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Neil Burgess
- Department of Urology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Charles T Clark
- Stone Patient Advisory Group, Section of Endourology, British Association of Urological Surgeons, London, UK
| | - Francis X Keeley
- Bristol Urological Institute, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Kath Starr
- Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Samuel McClinton
- NHS Grampian, Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
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Beyer K, Moris L, Lardas M, Omar MI, Healey J, Tripathee S, Gandaglia G, Venderbos LD, Vradi E, van den Broeck T, Willemse PP, Antunes-Lopes T, Pacheco-Figueiredo L, Monagas S, Esperto F, Flaherty S, Devecseri Z, Lam TB, Williamson PR, Heer R, Smith EJ, Asiimwe A, Huber J, Roobol MJ, Zong J, Mason M, Cornford P, Mottet N, MacLennan SJ, N'Dow J, Briganti A, MacLennan S, Van Hemelrijck M. Updating and Integrating Core Outcome Sets for Localised, Locally Advanced, Metastatic, and Nonmetastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: An Update from the PIONEER Consortium. Eur Urol 2022; 81:503-514. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2022.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Ratti MM, Gandaglia G, Alleva E, Leardini L, Sisca ES, Derevianko A, Furnari F, Mazzoleni Ferracini S, Beyer K, Moss C, Pellegrino F, Sorce G, Barletta F, Scuderi S, Omar MI, MacLennan S, Williamson PR, Zong J, MacLennan SJ, Mottet N, Cornford P, Aiyegbusi OL, Van Hemelrijck M, N'Dow J, Briganti A. Standardising the Assessment of Patient-reported Outcome Measures in Localised Prostate Cancer. A Systematic Review. Eur Urol Oncol 2021; 5:153-163. [PMID: 34785188 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Urinary, bowel, and sexual function, as well as hormonal symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), were prioritised by patients and professionals as part of a core outcome set for localised PCa regardless of treatment type. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used in localised PCa and recommend PROMs for use in routine practice and research settings. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION The psychometric properties of PROMs measuring functional and HRQoL domains used in randomised controlled trials including patients with localised PCa were assessed according to the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. MEDLINE and Embase were searched to identify publications evaluating psychometric properties of the PROMs. The characteristics and methodological quality of the studies included were extracted, tabulated, and assessed according to the COSMIN criteria. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Overall, 27 studies evaluating psychometric properties of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC), University of California-Los Angeles Prostate Cancer Index (UCLA-PCI), European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) quality of life core 30 (QLQ-C30) and prostate cancer 25 (QLQ-PR25) modules, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), and the 36-item (SF-36) and 12-item Short-Form health survey (SF-12) PROMs were identified and included in the systematic review. EPIC and EORTC QLQ-C30, a general module that assesses patients' physical, psychological, and social functions, were characterised by high internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.46-0.96 and 0.68-0.94 respectively) but low content validity. EORTC QLQ-PR25, which is primarily designed to assess PCa-specific HRQoL, had moderate content validity and internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.39-0.87). UCLA-PCI was characterised by moderate content validity and high internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.21-0.94). However, it does not directly assess hormonal symptoms, whereas EORTC QLQ-PR25 does. CONCLUSION The tools with the best evidence for psychometric properties and feasibility for use in routine practice and research settings to assess PROMs in patients with localised PCa were EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-PR25. Since EORTC QLQ-C30 is a general module that does not directly assess PCa-specific issues, it should be adopted in conjunction with the QLQ-PR25 module. PATIENT SUMMARY We reviewed and appraised the measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measure questionnaires used for patients with localised prostate cancer. We found good evidence to suggest that two questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-PR25) can be used to measure urinary, bowel, and sexual functions and health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Monica Ratti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gandaglia
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
| | - Eugenia Alleva
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Leardini
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Silvia Sisca
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexandra Derevianko
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Furnari
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Katharina Beyer
- Translational and Oncology Research, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Charlotte Moss
- Translational and Oncology Research, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Pellegrino
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sorce
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Barletta
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Scuderi
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Paula R Williamson
- MRC North West Hub for Trials Methodology Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jihong Zong
- Global Epidemiology, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Whippany, NJ, USA
| | | | - Nicolas Mottet
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, St. Etienne, France
| | | | - Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi
- Centre for Patient-Reported Outcomes Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational and Oncology Research, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James N'Dow
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
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9
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Beyer K, MacLennan SJ, Moris L, Lardas M, Mastris K, Hooker G, Greene R, Briers E, Omar MI, Healey J, Tripathee S, Gandaglia G, Venderbos LDF, Smith EJ, Bjorkqvist J, Asiimwe A, Huber J, Roobol MJ, Zong J, Bjartell A, N'Dow J, Briganti A, MacLennan S, Van Hemelrijck M. The Key Role of Patient Involvement in the Development of Core Outcome Sets in Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol Focus 2021; 7:943-946. [PMID: 34602368 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients are the stewards of their own care and hence their voice is important when designing and implementing research. Patients should be involved not only as participants in research that impacts their care, as the recipients of that care and any associated harms, but also as research collaborators in prioritising important questions from the patient perspective and designing the research and the ways in which is it most appropriate to involve patients. The PIONEER Consortium, an international multistakeholder collaboration lead by the European Association of Urology, has developed a core outcome set (COS) for localised and metastatic prostate cancer relevant to all stakeholders in particular patients. Throughout the work of PIONEER, patient representatives were involved as collaborators in setting the research agenda, and a wider group of patients was involved as participants in developing COSs, for instance in consensus meetings on choosing important outcomes and appropriate definitions. This publication showcases the process for COS development and highlights the most important recommendations to ultimately inform future research projects co-created between patients and other stakeholders. PATIENT SUMMARY: An important step in involving patients in the selection of outcomes for clinical trials, clinical audits, and real-world evidence is the development of a core outcome set (COS) that is relevant to all stakeholders. This report highlights the patient participation throughout our PIONEER COS development. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: An important step in involving patients in the selection of outcomes for clinical trials, clinical audits, and real-world evidence is to develop a core outcome set (COS) that is relevant to all stakeholders. As part of the work of the PIONEER Consortium, we aim to highlight the patient participation throughout our PIONEER COS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Beyer
- Translational and Oncology Research, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Sara J MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Lisa Moris
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael Lardas
- Department of Urology, Metropolitan general, Athens, Greece
| | - Ken Mastris
- European Cancer Patient Coalition, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Erik Briers
- EAU Guidelines Office Prostate Cancer Panel, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Muhammad Imran Omar
- Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jemma Healey
- Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Sheela Tripathee
- Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Giorgio Gandaglia
- Department of Urology, University Vita e Salute-San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lionne D F Venderbos
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emma J Smith
- European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alex Asiimwe
- Department of Epidemiology, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Huber
- Department of Urology, University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Monique J Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jihong Zong
- Global Medical Affairs Oncology, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Whippany, NJ, USA
| | - Anders Bjartell
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - James N'Dow
- Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Department of Urology, University Vita e Salute-San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Steven MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational and Oncology Research, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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10
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Björkqvist J, Giles RH, Cornford P, Makaroff LE, Van Hemelrijck M, Darraugh J, Cowl J, MacLennan S, MacLennan SJ. Providing a Framework for Meaningful Patient Involvement in Clinical Practice Guideline Development and Implementation. Eur Urol Focus 2021; 7:947-950. [PMID: 34598912 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The importance of patient involvement in guideline development is internationally recognised, yet there is a lack of clear methodology for integrating patient preferences and values in guidelines and a need to identify the optimum stages for involving patients in guideline production. European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines have international reach, a rigorous guideline production process, an established patient information section, and existing links with European cancer patient organisations. This makes the EAU the ideal setting to test a framework for patient involvement in guideline development for genitourinary cancers. The EVOLVE study is a unique collaboration involving a professional society, guideline panels, researchers, clinicians, and patient organisations with the aim of designing a framework for meaningful patient involvement in guideline production. Stages for considering patient preferences and values were identified via systematic review and interviews with key stakeholders, then prioritised by patients and clinicians via an international Delphi study. The final EVOLVE framework will be tested within EAU guideline panels and a strategy to assess the impact of patient involvement in guidelines will be developed. PATIENT SUMMARY: There is increasing awareness of the need to include patient values and preferences when developing guidelines for medical practice. The EVOLVE study is designing a framework for patient involvement in guideline development. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: A framework for meaningful patient involvement in guideline development and implementation has been developed. The EVOLVE framework can help guideline developers to involve patients at the optimum stages of guideline production, which may improve the quality and relevance of guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel H Giles
- International Kidney Cancer Coalition, Duivendrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Cornford
- Department of Urology, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Julie Darraugh
- European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Jane Cowl
- Public Involvement Programme, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London, UK
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11
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Dasgupta R, Cameron S, Aucott L, MacLennan G, Thomas RE, Kilonzo MM, Lam TBL, N'Dow J, Norrie J, Anson K, Burgess N, Clark CT, Keeley FX, MacLennan SJ, Starr K, McClinton S. Shockwave Lithotripsy Versus Ureteroscopic Treatment as Therapeutic Interventions for Stones of the Ureter (TISU): A Multicentre Randomised Controlled Non-inferiority Trial. Eur Urol 2021; 80:46-54. [PMID: 33810921 PMCID: PMC8234516 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2021.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal stone disease is common and can cause emergency presentation with acute pain due to ureteric colic. International guidelines have stated the need for a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) to determine whether a non-invasive outpatient (shockwave lithotripsy [SWL]) or surgical (ureteroscopy [URS]) intervention should be the first-line treatment for those needing active intervention. This has implications for shaping clinical pathways. OBJECTIVE To report a pragmatic multicentre non-inferiority RCT comparing SWL with URS. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This trial tested for non-inferiority of up to two sessions of SWL compared with URS as initial treatment for ureteric stones requiring intervention. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The primary outcome was whether further intervention was required to clear the stone, and secondary outcomes included quality of life assessment, severity of pain, and serious complications; these were based on questionnaires at baseline, 8 wk, and 6 mo. We included patients over 16 yr with a single ureteric stone clinically deemed to require intervention. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were planned. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS The study recruited between July 1, 2013 and June 30, 2017. We recruited 613 participants from a total of 1291 eligible patients, randomising 306 to SWL and 307 to URS. Sixty-seven patients (22.1%) in the SWL arm needed further treatment compared with 31 patients (10.3%) in the URS arm. The absolute risk difference was 11.7% (95% confidence interval 5.6%, 17.8%) in favour of URS, which was inside the 20% threshold we set for demonstrating noninferiority of SWL. CONCLUSIONS This RCT was designed to test whether SWL is non-inferior to URS and confirmed this; although SWL is an outpatient noninvasive treatment with potential advantages both for patients and for reducing the use of inpatient health care resources, the trial showed a benefit in overall clinical outcomes with URS compared with SWL, reflecting contemporary practice. The Therapeutic Interventions for Stones of the Ureter (TISU) study provides new evidence to help guide the choice of modality for this common health condition. PATIENT SUMMARY We present the largest trial comparing ureteroscopy versus extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for ureteric stones. While ureteroscopy had marginally improved outcome in terms of stone clearance, as expected, shockwave lithotripsy had better results in terms of health care costs. These results should enable patients and health care providers to optimise treatment pathways for this common urological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranan Dasgupta
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W2 1NY, UK.
| | - Sarah Cameron
- Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Lorna Aucott
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Graeme MacLennan
- Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ruth E Thomas
- Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mary M Kilonzo
- Health Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Thomas B L Lam
- NHS Grampian, Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK; Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - James N'Dow
- NHS Grampian, Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - John Norrie
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences & Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ken Anson
- Department of Urology, St Georges University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Neil Burgess
- Department of Urology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Charles T Clark
- Stone Patient Advisory Group, Section of Endourology, British Association of Urological Surgeons, London, UK
| | - Francis X Keeley
- Bristol Urological Institute, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Sara J MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Kath Starr
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sam McClinton
- NHS Grampian, Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
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12
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MacLennan SJ, MacLennan S, Bex A, Catto JW, De Santis M, Glaser AW, Ljungberg B, N’Dow J, Plass K, Trapero-Bertran M, Van Poppel H, Wright P, Giles RH. Changing Current Practice in Urology: Improving Guideline Development and Implementation Through Stakeholder Engagement. Eur Urol 2017; 72:161-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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MacLennan S, Bekema HJ, Williamson PR, Campbell MK, Stewart F, MacLennan SJ, N'Dow JMO, Lam TBL. A core outcome set for localised prostate cancer effectiveness trials: protocol for a systematic review of the literature and stakeholder involvement through interviews and a Delphi survey. Trials 2015; 16:76. [PMID: 25887437 PMCID: PMC4355995 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is a growing health problem worldwide. The management of localised prostate cancer is controversial. It is unclear which of several surgical, radiotherapeutic, ablative, and surveillance treatments is the most effective. All have cost, process and recovery, and morbidity implications which add to treatment decision-making complexity for patients and healthcare professionals. Evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is not optimal because of uncertainty as to what constitutes important outcomes. Another issue hampering evidence synthesis is heterogeneity of outcome definition, measurement, and reporting. This project aims to determine which outcomes are the most important to patients and healthcare professionals, and use these findings to recommend a standardised core outcome set for comparative effectiveness trials of treatments for localised prostate cancer, to optimise decision-making. Methods/Design The range of potentially important outcomes and measures will be identified through systematic reviews of the literature and semi-structured interviews with patients. A consultation exercise involving representatives from two key stakeholder groups (patients and healthcare professionals) will ratify the list of outcomes to be entered into a three round Delphi study. The Delphi process will refine and prioritise the list of identified outcomes. A methodological substudy (nested RCT design) will also be undertaken. Participants will be randomised after round one of the Delphi study to one of three feedback groups, based on different feedback strategies, in order to explore the potential impact of feedback strategies on participant responses. This may assist the design of a future core outcome set and Delphi studies. Following the Delphi study, a final consensus meeting attended by representatives from both stakeholder groups will determine the final recommended core outcome set. Discussion This study will inform clinical practice and future trials of interventions of localised prostate cancer by standardising a core outcome set which should be considered in comparative effectiveness studies for localised prostate cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0598-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD.
| | - Hendrika J Bekema
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzleplein, Groningen, The Netherlands, 9700 RB.
| | - Paula R Williamson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, UK, L69 3BX.
| | - Marion K Campbell
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD.
| | - Fiona Stewart
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD.
| | - Sara J MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD.
| | - James M O N'Dow
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD. .,Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill Road, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD.
| | - Thomas B L Lam
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD. .,Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill Road, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD.
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14
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Georgopoulou S, Efraimidou S, MacLennan SJ, Ibrahim F, Cox T. Antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome: description of population and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the SF-36. Lupus 2014; 24:174-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203314551809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective Antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome (APS) affects mainly women 15 to 50 years of age and is responsible for approximately 20% of strokes in people <40 years. Little is known about the psychological burden of this long-term condition. We investigated HRQoL in APS. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey involving 270 members of the Hughes Syndrome Foundation worldwide. Data included HRQoL (SF-36), demographics, and APS-related self-reported major issues. Response rate was 60%. Results T-tests indicated significantly worse mean scores for seven of the eight domains of the SF-36 in secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (SAPS) compared to primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS), e.g. bodily pain t(263) = 6.10 p < 0.001 except for mental health t(267) = 1.95 p = 0.053. PAPS appeared to be associated with poorer HRQoL in most mental health domains but overall better physical domains compared to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) alone. SAPS appeared to have a more adverse impact on HRQoL compared to PAPS and SLE. Major issues identified: pain and fatigue, lack of health care professional/public awareness, and medication unpredictability. Conclusion HRQoL in PAPS appears to be generally better than SLE and SAPS in physical domains, but poorer in mental domains. APS patients might need more social support in terms of information and awareness of the condition to improve their coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Georgopoulou
- Academic Department of Rheumatology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Efraimidou
- Centre for Sustainable Working Life, School of Business, Economics & Informatics, Birkbeck University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S J MacLennan
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - F Ibrahim
- Academic Department of Rheumatology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Cox
- Centre for Sustainable Working Life, School of Business, Economics & Informatics, Birkbeck University of London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Gillies K, Skea ZC, MacLennan SJ, Ramsay CR, Campbell MK. Determining information for inclusion in a decision-support intervention for clinical trial participation: a modified Delphi approach. Clin Trials 2013; 10:967-76. [PMID: 24188963 DOI: 10.1177/1740774513508339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of decision-support interventions in the context of decisions about trial participation is an emergent field. There is a lack of evidence about what information is deemed important to support decisions about informed consent for clinical trials, and whether different groups agree on the information for inclusion. PURPOSE The overall objective was to determine the items which different stakeholder groups viewed to be important for inclusion in a decision-support tool when making decisions about clinical trial participation, with a view to use these as a framework for developing decision-support tools in this context. This is the first study to have addressed this issue. METHODS A modified Delphi method was used to determine agreement on importance of items. The 'stakeholder' panel was made up of 49 individuals from 5 groups: 11 trialists, 6 research nurses, 7 ethics committee chairs, 9 decision-support experts, and 16 patients (9 trial experienced and 7 trial non-experienced). Two rounds of rating were completed. Items with a median of 7-10 with ≥65% of any one group (from aggregate ratings) in agreement were considered important for inclusion. RESULTS The stakeholder panel achieved consensus on the majority of items included (60/66), agreeing that these were important for inclusion in a decision-support tool for trial participation. These included items covering information about trial participation and standard care, information on the likelihood of receiving different treatments, information to help patients determine what matters most to them, ensuring that the information is balanced, guidance on how to make a decision, disclosure of any conflicts of interest, using plain language in the tool, and guidance on the decision-support development process. Some areas of divergence among the panel were also identified relating to the use of patient stories. LIMITATIONS Selection bias may be a limitation in this study due to the manner in which the participants were invited to take part, and therefore, the representativeness, and reproducibility with another group of stakeholders, may differ. CONCLUSIONS Agreement was obtained on a number of items, which we recommend should be used as a framework to develop useful tools to support decision-making about participation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Gillies
- aHealth Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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16
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Bekema HJ, MacLennan S, Imamura M, Lam TBL, Stewart F, Scott N, MacLennan G, McClinton S, Griffiths TRL, Skolarikos A, MacLennan SJ, Sylvester R, Ljungberg B, N'Dow J. Systematic review of adrenalectomy and lymph node dissection in locally advanced renal cell carcinoma. Eur Urol 2013; 64:799-810. [PMID: 23643550 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Controversy remains over whether adrenalectomy and lymph node dissection (LND) should be performed concomitantly with radical nephrectomy (RN) for locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cT3-T4N0M0. OBJECTIVE To systematically review all relevant literature comparing oncologic, perioperative, and quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes for locally advanced RCC managed with RN with or without concomitant adrenalectomy or LND. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Relevant databases were searched up to August 2012. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative studies were included. Outcome measures were overall survival, QoL, and perioperative adverse effects. Risks of bias (RoB) were assessed using Cochrane RoB tools. Quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 3658 abstracts and 252 full-text articles were screened. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria: six LNDs (one RCT and five nonrandomised studies [NRSs]) and two adrenalectomies (two NRSs). RoB was high across the evidence base, and the quality of evidence from outcomes ranged from moderate to very low. Meta-analyses were not undertaken because of diverse study designs and data heterogeneity. There was no significant difference in survival between the groups, even though 5-yr overall survival appears better for the RN plus LND group compared with the no-LND group in one randomised study. There was no evidence of a difference in adverse events between the RN plus LND and no-LND groups. No studies reported QoL outcomes. There was no evidence of an oncologic difference between the RN with adrenalectomy and RN without adrenalectomy groups. No studies reported adverse events or QoL outcomes. CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to draw any conclusions on oncologic outcomes for patients having concomitant LND or ipsilateral adrenalectomy compared with patients having RN alone for cT3-T4N0M0 RCC. The quality of evidence is generally low and the results potentially biased. Further research in adequately powered trials is needed to answer these questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrika J Bekema
- Department of Critical Care, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands
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17
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MacLennan S, Imamura M, Lapitan MC, Omar MI, Lam TB, Hilvano-Cabungcal AM, Royle P, Stewart F, MacLennan G, MacLennan SJ, Dahm P, Canfield SE, McClinton S, Griffiths TL, Ljungberg B, N’Dow J. Systematic Review of Perioperative and Quality-of-life Outcomes Following Surgical Management of Localised Renal Cancer. Eur Urol 2012; 62:1097-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Kazimierczak KA, Skea ZC, Dixon-Woods M, Entwistle VA, Feldman-Stewart D, N'dow JMO, MacLennan SJ. Provision of cancer information as a "support for navigating the knowledge landscape": findings from a critical interpretive literature synthesis. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2012; 17:360-9. [PMID: 23164925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH Information is often seen as a crucial tool for the support of cancer patients, facilitating their involvement in care management and in decision-making. The importance of theory in guiding provision of cancer information has been widely accepted, but there is a growing need for critical reflection on the concepts underlying approaches to information provision. This paper presents findings from a critical review of literature related to information in cancer care. METHODS Critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) was employed to review and synthesise published literature. 57 publications were selected in a multi-step systematic process. Their content was analysed and synthesised using established methodology consistent with primary qualitative research. KEY RESULTS The synthesis identified and characterised a concept of cancer information provision as a "support for navigating the knowledge landscape". This concept recognises the diverse, changing and relational nature of patients' values, needs and preferences. It promotes a view of information provision as an ongoing and flexible process of navigating different resources, which in turn support the navigation of patients' broader experiences of their health and care. This process recognises various levels of patient involvement with healthcare services, and ensures timely provision of selected and personally relevant information. CONCLUSION The concept of "support for navigating the knowledge landscape" offers a useful way of envisaging information services for people with cancer (and possibly also with other chronic illnesses), which would be responsive to patients' needs and preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina A Kazimierczak
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK.
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19
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MacLennan S, Imamura M, Lapitan MC, Omar MI, Lam TBL, Hilvano-Cabungcal AM, Royle P, Stewart F, MacLennan G, MacLennan SJ, Canfield SE, McClinton S, Griffiths TRL, Ljungberg B, N'Dow J. Corrigendum to "Systematic Review of Oncological Outcomes Following Surgical Management of Localised Renal Cancer" [Eur Urol 2012;61:972-93]. Eur Urol 2012; 62:193. [PMID: 27989305 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mari Imamura
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | | | - Thomas B L Lam
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Pam Royle
- Department of Public Health, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - Fiona Stewart
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | | | - Steven E Canfield
- Division of Urology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sam McClinton
- Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - T R Leyshon Griffiths
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Börje Ljungberg
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå, University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - James N'Dow
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK.
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- and the EAU Renal Cancer Guideline Panel
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20
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MacLennan S, Imamura M, Lapitan MC, Omar MI, Lam TBL, Hilvano-Cabungcal AM, Royle P, Stewart F, MacLennan G, MacLennan SJ, Canfield SE, McClinton S, Griffiths TRL, Ljungberg B, N'Dow J. Systematic review of oncological outcomes following surgical management of localised renal cancer. Eur Urol 2012; 61:972-93. [PMID: 22405593 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2-3% of adult malignancies. There remain uncertainties over the oncological outcomes for the surgical management of localised RCC. OBJECTIVE Systematically review relevant literature comparing oncological outcomes of surgical management of localised RCC (T1-2N0M0). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Relevant databases including Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to October 2010, and an updated scoping search was performed up to January 2012. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs, prospective observational studies with controls, retrospective matched-pair studies, and comparative studies from well-defined registries/databases were included. The main outcomes were overall survival, cancer-specific survival, recurrence, and metastases. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess RCTs, and an extended version was used to assess nonrandomised studies (NRSs). The quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 4580 abstracts and 389 full-text articles were assessed. Thirty-four studies met the inclusion criteria (6 RCTs and 28 NRSs). Meta-analyses were planned but were deemed inappropriate due to data heterogeneity. There were high risks of bias and low-quality evidence across the evidence base. Open radical nephrectomy and open partial nephrectomy showed similar cancer-specific and overall survival, but when both open and laparoscopic approaches are considered together, the evidence showed improved survival for partial nephrectomy for tumours ≤4cm. The overall evidence suggests either equivalent or better survival with partial nephrectomy. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy offered equivalent survival to open radical nephrectomy, and all laparoscopic approaches achieved equivalent survival. Open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy achieved equivalent survival. The issue of ipsilateral adrenalectomy or complete lymph node dissection with radical nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy remains unresolved. CONCLUSIONS The evidence base suggests localised RCCs are best managed by nephron-sparing surgery where technically feasible. However, the current evidence base has significant limitations due to studies of low methodological quality marked by high risks of bias.
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21
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Skea ZC, MacLennan SJ, Entwistle VA, N'Dow J. Enabling mutual helping? Examining variable needs for facilitated peer support. Patient Educ Couns 2011; 85:e120-e125. [PMID: 21377824 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2011.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine uses of peer support among people living with a urological cancer. METHODS 26 qualitative interviews investigating experiences of needing and receiving information and support among people who had and who had not used a new urological cancer centre and its various peer support opportunities. RESULTS Study participants reported varied needs for engagement with facilitated peer support, and suggested these depended on the severity and burden of their disease and treatment, the support they derived from existing networks, and their sense of coping. A minority reported avoiding speaking with other patients in order to protect their own or the other patients' emotional wellbeing. CONCLUSION Desire for facilitated peer support is variable, and both giving and receiving support may have negative as well as positive consequences. These may depend on the nature of social comparisons that peer support interventions prompt, and the varying ways people interpret these. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Services offering facilitated peer support should recognise people's variable and contingent needs for support, and acknowledge the potential disadvantages of facilitated peer support for some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë C Skea
- Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, UK.
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22
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Reynen PH, Martin GR, Eglen RM, MacLennan SJ. Characterization of human recombinant alpha(2A)-adrenoceptors expressed in Chinese hamster lung cells using intracellular Ca(2+) changes: evidence for cross-talk between recombinant alpha(2A)- and native alpha(1)-adrenoceptors. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 129:1339-46. [PMID: 10742289 PMCID: PMC1571968 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Human alpha(2A)-adrenoceptors expressed in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblasts have been pharmacologically characterized by measuring intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)(i)) changes using the Ca(2+)-sensitive dye Fluo3-AM, in conjunction with a fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR). 2. Several alpha-adrenoceptor agonists were examined including the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonists UK-14304, B-HT 920, dexmedetomidine and A-54741, the selective alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine and the non-selective adrenergic agonist noradrenaline. Of these only noradrenaline (mean pEC(50)=6.49) and A-54741 (6.90) evoked changes in Ca(2+)(i); A-54741 was a partial agonist relative to noradrenaline, achieving only 33% of the noradrenaline maximum. 3. Ca(2+)(i) changes induced by noradrenaline and A-54741 were antagonized by the alpha(2)-selective antagonist rauwolscine (10 nM) and by the alpha(1)-selective antagonists prazosin (0.1 nM) and doxazosin (1.0 nM). 4. Phenylephrine (100 microM) and UK-14304 (10 microM) alone were ineffective in causing Ca(2+)(i) increase. In the presence of a fixed concentration of UK-14304 (3.0 microM), phenylephrine induced concentration-dependent increases in Ca(2+)(i) (mean pEC(50)=5.33). In the presence of phenylephrine (30.0 microM) UK-14304 induced Ca(2+)(i) release (pEC(50)=6.92). The effects of phenylephrine were abolished by prazosin (1.0 nM) or rauwolscine (100 nM). 5. In saturation radioligand binding experiments using membranes of parental (non-transfected) CHL cells there was a small, specific binding of [(3)H]-prazosin (B(max)=24 fmol mg protein(-1); pK(D)=10. 24). 6. Collectively, these data suggest that alpha-adrenoceptor agonist-induced Ca(2+)(i) release in CHL fibroblasts transfected with the human alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor is dependent upon co-activation of the recombinant receptor and a native alpha(1)-adrenoceptor.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenergic alpha-Agonists/pharmacology
- Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/pharmacology
- Aniline Compounds
- Animals
- Azepines/pharmacology
- Binding, Competitive
- Brimonidine Tartrate
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Cricetinae
- Dexmedetomidine/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Doxazosin/pharmacology
- Estrenes/pharmacology
- Fluorescence
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Imidazoles/pharmacology
- Norepinephrine/pharmacology
- Prazosin/metabolism
- Prazosin/pharmacology
- Pyrrolidinones/pharmacology
- Quinoxalines/pharmacology
- Radioligand Assay
- Receptor Cross-Talk
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/drug effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/drug effects
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Tetrahydronaphthalenes/pharmacology
- Thapsigargin/pharmacology
- Xanthenes
- Yohimbine/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Reynen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California, CA 94304, U.S.A
| | - G R Martin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California, CA 94304, U.S.A
| | - R M Eglen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California, CA 94304, U.S.A
| | - S J MacLennan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California, CA 94304, U.S.A
- Author for correspondence:
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23
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MacLennan SJ, Reynen PH, Martin RS, Eglen RM, Martin GR. Characterization of human recombinant alpha(2A)-adrenoceptors expressed in Chinese hamster lung cells using extracellular acidification rate changes. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 129:1333-8. [PMID: 10742288 PMCID: PMC1571967 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Human alpha(2A)-adrenoceptors heterologously expressed in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblasts have been characterized pharmacologically using a cytosensor microphysiometer to measure ligand-induced extracellular acidification rate changes. 2. In untransfected CHL cells, noradrenaline had no effect at concentrations up to 100 microM. In alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor transfected cells the rank order of agonist potency was A-54741 (mean pEC(50)=8.96)>dexmedetomidine (8.88)>UK-14304 (8.42)>B-HT 920 (7.05)>noradrenaline (6.92). A-54741, UK-14304 and noradrenaline had the same maximum response while dexmedetomidine and B-HT 920 behaved as partial agonists. 3. The selective alpha(2)-adrenoceptor ligand rauwolscine antagonized acidification rate changes with an affinity independent of the agonist used; the affinity (mean pK(B)) against noradrenaline was 8.43. 4. The selective alpha(1)-adrenoceptor ligands prazosin and doxazosin (each 3 microM) had no effect on noradrenaline responses. 5. Acidification rate changes induced by each agonist were abolished by pre-treatment of cells with pertussis toxin. 6. These data suggest that agonist-induced acidification rate responses in CHL cells transfected with the human alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor are mediated exclusively by the recombinant protein, via pertussis toxin sensitive G(i/o) proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J MacLennan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California, CA 94304, USA.
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24
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Martin RS, Luong LA, Welsh NJ, Eglen RM, Martin GR, MacLennan SJ. Effects of cannabinoid receptor agonists on neuronally-evoked contractions of urinary bladder tissues isolated from rat, mouse, pig, dog, monkey and human. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 129:1707-15. [PMID: 10780977 PMCID: PMC1571997 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the cannabinoid receptor, known to inhibit neuronally-evoked contractions of the mouse isolated urinary bladder, in bladder sections isolated from mouse, rat, dog, pig non-human primate or human. The CB(1)-like pharmacology of the cannabinoid receptor in mouse isolated bladder observed previously was confirmed in this study by the rank order of agonist potencies: CP 55940>/=WIN 55212-2>HU 210>JWH 015>anandamide, the high affinity of the CB(1) selective antagonist, SR 141716A (apparent pK(B) 8.7), and the low affinity of the CB(2) antagonist, SR 144528 (apparent pK(B)<6.5). In these studies, SR 141716A (10-100 nM) significantly potentiated electrically-evoked contractions in this tissue by an undetermined mechanism. A similar rank order of agonist potencies was determined in rat isolated bladder sections (CP 55, 940> or =WIN 55212-2>JWH 015). In this tissue, the maximal inhibitory effect of all agonists was lower than in the mouse bladder. Indeed, the effects of both HU 210 and anandamide were too modest to quantify potency accurately. In the rat isolated bladder, SR 141716A (30 nM) or SR 144528 (100 nM), reversed the inhibitory effect of WIN 55212-2 (apparent pK(B) = 8.4 and 8.0, respectively) or JWH 015 (apparent pK(B) = 8.2 and 7.4, respectively). These findings may demonstrate pharmacological differences between the rat and mouse orthologues of the CB(1) receptor. Alternatively, they may be attributed to a mixed population of CB(1) and CB(2) receptors that jointly influence neurogenic contraction of the rat bladder, but cannot be differentiated without more selective ligands. WIN 55212-2 had no effect on electrically-evoked contractions of bladder sections isolated from dog, pig, cynomolgus monkey and human. These findings suggest that the effect of cannabinoid agonists to inhibit neurogenic contraction of the mouse and rat bladder is not conserved across all mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Martin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, R2 - 101, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California CA 94304, USA.
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Zhu QM, Lesnick JD, Jasper JR, MacLennan SJ, Dillon MP, Eglen RM, Blue DR. alpha 2A-adrenoceptors, not I1-imidazoline receptors, mediate the hypotensive effects of rilmenidine and moxonidine in conscious mice. In vivo and in vitro studies. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999; 881:287-9. [PMID: 10415927 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09371.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Cell Line
- Dogs
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism
- Humans
- Hypotension/chemically induced
- Imidazoles/pharmacology
- Imidazoline Receptors
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Norepinephrine/pharmacology
- Oxazoles/pharmacology
- Quinolizines/pharmacokinetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/drug effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/physiology
- Receptors, Drug/physiology
- Rilmenidine
- Saphenous Vein/drug effects
- Saphenous Vein/physiology
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Q M Zhu
- Center for Biological Research, Roche Bioscience, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.
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26
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Zhu QM, Lesnick JD, Jasper JR, MacLennan SJ, Dillon MP, Eglen RM, Blue DR. Cardiovascular effects of rilmenidine, moxonidine and clonidine in conscious wild-type and D79N alpha2A-adrenoceptor transgenic mice. Br J Pharmacol 1999; 126:1522-30. [PMID: 10217548 PMCID: PMC1565905 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/1998] [Revised: 12/14/1998] [Accepted: 12/21/1998] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. We investigated the cardiovascular effects of rilmenidine, moxonidine and clonidine in conscious wild-type and D79N alpha2A-adrenoceptor mice. The in vitro pharmacology of these agonists was determined at recombinant (human) alpha2-adrenoceptors and at endogenous (dog) alpha2A-adrenoceptors. 2. In wild-type mice, rilmenidine, moxonidine (100, 300 and 1000 microg kg(-1), i.v.) and clonidine (30, 100 and 300 microg kg(-1), i.v.) dose-dependently decreased blood pressure and heart rate. 3. In D79N alpha2A-adrenoceptor mice, responses to rilmenidine and moxonidine did not differ from vehicle control. Clonidine-induced hypotension was absent, but dose-dependent hypertension and bradycardia were observed. 4. In wild-type mice, responses to moxonidine (1 mg kg(-1), i.v.) were antagonized by the non-selective, non-imidazoline alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist, RS-79948-197 (1 mg kg(-1), i.v.). 5. Affinity estimates (pKi) at human alpha2A-, alpha2B- and alpha2C-adrenoceptors, respectively, were: rilmenidine (5.80, 5.76 and 5.33), moxonidine (5.37, <5 and <5) and clonidine (7.21, 7.16 and 6.87). In a [35S]-GTPgammaS incorporation assay, moxonidine and clonidine were alpha2A-adrenoceptor agonists (pEC50/intrinsic activity relative to noradrenaline): moxonidine (5.74/0.85) and clonidine (7.57/0.32). 6. In dog saphenous vein, concentration-dependent contractions were observed (pEC50/intrinsic activity relative to noradrenaline): rilmenidine (5.83/0.70), moxonidine (6.48/0.98) and clonidine (7.22/0.83). Agonist-independent affinities were obtained with RS-79948-197. 7. Thus, expression of alpha2A-adrenoceptors is a prerequisite for the cardiovascular effects of moxonidine and rilmenidine in conscious mice. There was no evidence of I1-imidazoline receptor-mediated effects. The ability of these compounds to act as alpha2A-adrenoceptor agonists in vitro supports this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q-M Zhu
- Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A
| | - J D Lesnick
- Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A
| | - J R Jasper
- Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A
| | - S J MacLennan
- Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A
| | - M P Dillon
- Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A
| | - R M Eglen
- Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A
| | - D R Blue
- Center for Biological Research, Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, 3401 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, U.S.A
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Martin
- Neurobiology Unit, Roche Bioscience, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.
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28
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MacLennan SJ, Cambridge D, Whiting MV, Marston C, Martin GR. Cranial vascular effects of zolmitriptan, a centrally active 5-HT1B/1D receptor partial agonist for the acute treatment of migraine. Eur J Pharmacol 1998; 361:191-7. [PMID: 9865508 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The anti-migraine drug zolmitriptan is a novel 5-HT1B/1D receptor partial agonist which, unlike sumatriptan, has been shown to cross the intact blood-brain barrier. In this study we examined whether or not the ability to access the cerebro-vascular intima affects the way in which a centrally-active 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist influences cranial haemodynamics. The effects of zolmitriptan on carotid arterial blood flow distribution were studied in anaesthetised cats using radiolabelled microspheres. Zolmitriptan (10-1000 microg kg(-1) i.v.) selectively reduced arteriovenous-anastomotic (AVA) conductance producing a maximum decrease of 92.5+/-2.3%. The drug also produced a modest reduction in extra-cerebral conductance (23.9+/-6.5% maximum reduction at 30 microg kg(-1), i.v.), but was without effect on cerebral conductance. Using laser doppler flowmetry in anaesthetised cats, zolmitriptan (1-30 microg kg(-1), i.v.) produced dose-dependent decreases in ear microvascular conductance (15+/-5 to 60+/-6%) which mirrored decreases in carotid arterial conductance (12+/-11 to 61+/-5%). By contrast, zolmitriptan at doses up to 1000 microg kg(-1) was without effect on cerebral microvascular conductance. Although zolmitriptan crosses the blood-brain barrier and can therefore access the cerebro-vascular intima, this study suggests that this property does not adversely affect cerebrovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J MacLennan
- Receptor Pharmacology Group, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, UK.
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Abstract
The cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A has been suggested to be an inverse agonist at CB1 receptors in some isolated intact tissues. We found that the basal incorporation of [35S]-GTPgammaS in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human recombinant CB1 and CB2 receptors was inhibited by SR141716A (mean pEC50s 8.26 and 6.00, respectively), whereas cannabinol (10 microM) had no significant effect at hCB1 receptors but inhibited the binding at hCB2 receptors. As cannabinol had no effect on basal [35S]-GTPmicroS binding at hCB1 at a concentration 100 fold higher than its binding affinity (K = 0.1 microM), we conclude that endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonists are not a confounding factor and suggest the actions of SR141716A at the hCB1 receptor, and the actions of SR141716A and cannabinol at the hCB2 receptor, are due to inverse agonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J MacLennan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Biological Research, Roche Bioscience, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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MacLennan SJ, Luong LA, Jasper JR, To ZP, Eglen RM. Characterization of alpha 2-adrenoceptors mediating contraction of dog saphenous vein: identity with the human alpha 2A subtype. Br J Pharmacol 1997; 121:1721-9. [PMID: 9283709 PMCID: PMC1564855 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
1. In the dog saphenous vein alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors mediate noradrenaline-induced contractions in vitro. In order to study the alpha 2-adrenoceptor in isolation, alpha 1-adrenoceptors were inactivated by treatment of tissues with the alkylating agent phenoxybenzamine (3.0 microM for 30 min) in the presence of rauwolscine (1 microM) to protect alpha 2-adrenoceptors. 2. Noradrenaline-induced contractions of tissues treated with phenoxybenzamine were antagonized competitively by the selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist rauwolscine, pKB = 8.63 +/- 0.07 (means +/- s.e. mean; n = 3), consistent with an interaction at alpha 2-adrenoceptors. 3. Noradrenaline was a full agonist at alpha 2-adrenoceptors in dog saphenous vein. By use of the method of partial receptor alkylation and analysis of concentration-effect curve data by direct, operational model fitting methods, the affinity (pKA) and efficacy (tau) were 5.74 +/- 0.07 and 7.50 +/- 1.05, respectively (n = 6). Nine other agonists which were examined each had affinities higher than noradrenaline, but with the exception of the imidazoline, A-54741 (5,6-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl-imidazoline) had relatively lower efficacies. 4. To compare the alpha 2-adrenoceptor in dog saphenous vein to the human recombinant subtypes, the affinities of twenty-one compounds were estimated in functional studies in the dog saphenous vein and in radioligand binding studies for the human alpha 2A, alpha 2B and alpha 2C receptor subtypes expressed in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells. 5. Of twenty-one compounds examined in ligand binding studies, only nine had greater than ten fold selectivity for one human receptor subtype over either of the other two. These compounds were A-54741, oxymetazoline, guanfacine, guanabenz, prazosin, spiroxatrine, tolazoline, WB 4101 and idazoxan. In dog saphenous vein, their affinities (pKA and pKB for agonists and antagonists respectively) were: A-54741 (pKA = 8.03 +/- 0.05), oxymetazoline (pKA = 7.67 +/- 0.09), guanfacine (pKA = 6.79 +/- 0.03); guanabenz (pKA = 7.02 +/- 0.13); prazosin (pKB = 5.19 +/- 0.08), spiroxatrine (pKB = 6.59 +/- 0.04), tolazoline (pKB = 6.21 +/- 0.07), WB 4101 (pKB = 7.42 +/- 0.09) and idazoxan (pKB = 7.11 +/- 0.08). 6. Comparisons of affinity estimates for these nine compounds at the receptor in dog saphenous vein and at the human recombinant subtypes suggest that the vascular receptor is most similar to the h alpha 2A subtype; correlation coefficients (r) were 0.82 (h alpha 2A), 0.24 (h alpha 2B) and 0.04 (h alpha 2C).
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Affiliation(s)
- S J MacLennan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Biological Research, Roche Bioscience, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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Martin GR, Robertson AD, MacLennan SJ, Prentice DJ, Barrett VJ, Buckingham J, Honey AC, Giles H, Moncada S. Receptor specificity and trigemino-vascular inhibitory actions of a novel 5-HT1B/1D receptor partial agonist, 311C90 (zolmitriptan). Br J Pharmacol 1997; 121:157-64. [PMID: 9154322 PMCID: PMC1564661 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
1. 311C90 (zolmitriptan zomig: (S)-4[[3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-5-yl]methyl]-2-oxazolidinone) is a novel 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist with proven efficacy in the acute treatment of migraine. Here, we describe the receptor specificity of the drug and its actions on trigeminal-evoked plasma protein extravasation into the dura mater of the anaesthetized guinea-pig. 2. At the "5-HT1B-like' receptor mediating vascular contraction (rabbit saphenous vein), the compound was a potent (p[A50] = 6.79 +/- 0.06) partial agonist achieving 77 +/- 4% of the maximum effect to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). In the same experiments, sumatriptan (p[A50] = 6.48 +/- 0.04) was half as potent as 311C90 and produced 97 +/- 2% of the 5-HT maximum effect. Studies in which receptor inactivation methods were used to estimate the affinity (pKA) and efficacy relative to 5-HT (tau rel) for each agonist confirmed that 311C90 exhibits higher affinity than sumatriptan (pKA = 6.63 +/- 0.04 and 6.16 +/- 0.03, respectively) and that both drugs are partial agonists relative to 5-HT (tau rel = 0.61 +/- 0.03 and 0.63 +/- 0.10, respectively, compared to 5-HT = 1.0). 3. Consistent with its effects in rabbit saphenous vein, 311C90 also produced concentration-dependent contractions of primate basilar artery and human epicardial coronary artery rings. In basilar artery, agonist potency (p[A50] = 6.92 +/- 0.07) was similar to that demonstrated in rabbit saphenous vein, again being 2-3 fold higher than for sumatriptan (p[A50] = 6.46 +/- 0.03). Both agonists produced about 50% of the maximum response obtained with 5-HT in the same preparations. In rings of human coronary artery, the absolute potency of 311C90 and sumatriptan was higher than in primate basilar artery (p[A50] = 7.3 +/- 0.1 and 6.7 +/- 0.1, respectively), but maximum effects relative to 5-HT were lower (37 +/- 8% and 35 +/- 7%, respectively). In both types of vessel, the inability of 5-HT1B/1D agonists to achieve the same maximum as the endogenous agonist 5-HT is explained by the additional presence of 5-HT2A receptors. 4. 311C90 displayed high affinity at human recombinant 5-HT1D (formerly 5-HT1D alpha) and 5-HT1B (formerly 5-HT1D beta) receptors in transfected CHO-K1 cell membranes (pIC50 values = 9.16 +/- 0.12 and 8.32 +/- 0.09, respectively). In intact cells, the drug produced concentration-dependent inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase (p[A50] = 9.9 and 9.5, respectively) achieving the same maximum effect as 5-HT. Excepting human recombinant 5-HT1A and 5-ht1F receptors at which the drug behaved as an agonist with modest affinity (pIC50 = 6.45 +/- 0.11 and 7.22 +/- 0.12, respectively), 311C90 exhibited low, or no detectable affinity (pKi or pKB < or = 5.5) at numerous other monoamine receptors, including other 5-HT receptor subtypes. 5. When administered to anaesthetized guinea-pigs ten minutes before unilateral electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion (1.2 mA, 5 Hz, 5 ms, 5 min), 311C90 (3-30 micrograms kg-1, i.v.) caused a dose-dependent inhibition of [125I]-albumin extravasation within the ipsilateral dura mater. At the same doses, the drug also produced dose-dependent falls in cranial vascular conductance (32.3 +/- 7.5% at 30 micrograms kg-1), as measured in the ear by laser doppler flowmetry. 6. These results show that 311C90, a novel member of the 5-HT1B/1D agonist drug class, exhibits a high degree of pharmacological specificity. Its potent partial agonist action at "5-HT1B-like' receptors in intracranial arteries, coupled with potent agonism at 5-HT1D and 5-HT1B receptors and an ability to inhibit neurogenic plasma protein extravasation in the dura, are consistent with its utility as an effective acute treatment for migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Martin
- Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent
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Randall VA, MacLennan SJ, Martin GR, Wilson VG. The effect of forskolin on 5-HT1-like and angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction and cyclic AMP content of the rabbit isolated femoral artery. Br J Pharmacol 1996; 118:627-34. [PMID: 8762087 PMCID: PMC1909725 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15447.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
1. A characteristic feature of vasoconstrictor 5-HT1-like receptors in vitro is that responses mediated by these receptors are enhanced by other vasoconstrictor agents. In the present study, we have examined the influence of cellular cyclic AMP on vasoconstrictor responses to activation of 5-HT1-like receptors in isolated ring segments of the rabbit femoral artery (RbFA), and determined whether modulation of this second messenger underlies the ability of angiotensin II, an endogenous vasoconstrictor, to enhance 5-HT1-like responses. 2. In the presence of 0.1 microM ketanserin (to antagonize 5-HT2-receptors) and 0.3 microM prazosin (to antagonize alpha 1-adrenoceptors), 5-HT produced a concentration-related contraction, which was significantly augmented by pre-contraction of the vessel with 0.1-0.45 nM ([A30]) angiotensin II. Responses to 5-HT in the presence of angiotensin II were inhibited by the 5-HT1-like/5-HT2 antagonist, metergoline (1 microM). 3. The directly-acting adenylyl cyclase activator, forskolin (1 microM), abolished responses to angiotensin II and caused a rightward shift and concomitant depression of the 5-HT concentration-effect (E/[A]) curve. Higher concentrations of forskolin (> 10 microM) abolished responses to 5-HT and 1 microM sodium nitroprusside abolished responses to 5-HT and angiotensin II (n = 7). 4. In the presence of angiotensin II (0.1-0.45 nM), however, 1 microM forskolin failed to inhibit 5-HT-induced contractions; the E/A curve for 5-HT (in the presence of forskolin and angiotensin II) was not significantly different from that produced in the presence of angiotensin II alone. Similarly, the presence of angiotensin II (0.1-0.45 nM) was also able to overcome partially the inhibitory effect of 1 microM sodium nitroprusside against 5-HT-induced contractions (n = 7). In marked contrast, 5-HT failed to elicit a contraction in the presence of angiotensin II and 10 microM forskolin (n = 5). 5. 5-HT (1 microM) significantly reduced basal cyclic AMP accumulation by 35%, whereas angiotensin II (0.45 nM) was without effect. The combination of angiotensin II and 5-HT failed to alter significantly the reduction in cyclic AMP produced by 5-HT alone. Forskolin (1 microM) increased cyclic AMP levels 7 fold above basal, but neither 1 microM 5-HT nor a combination of 1 microM 5-HT and 0.45 nM angiotensin II produced a significant decrease in cyclic AMP content. 6. Whilst moderate concentrations of forskolin can inhibit the responses to either agent, simultaneous activation of angiotensin II and 5-HT1-like receptors can overcome the inhibitory effect of elevated levels of cyclic AMP. Since the potentiating effect of angiotensin II, in either the presence or absence of forskolin, occurs without significant alteration of cellular cyclic AMP, it seems likely that a cyclic AMP-independent pathway is implicated in the synergistic interaction between angiotensin II and vasoconstrictor 5-HT1-like receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Randall
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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MESH Headings
- 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Colforsin/pharmacology
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Femoral Artery/drug effects
- Femoral Artery/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic/pharmacology
- Rabbits
- Receptors, Angiotensin/drug effects
- Receptors, Angiotensin/physiology
- Receptors, Serotonin/drug effects
- Receptors, Serotonin/physiology
- Receptors, Thromboxane/drug effects
- Receptors, Thromboxane/physiology
- Second Messenger Systems
- Serotonin/analogs & derivatives
- Serotonin/pharmacology
- Thromboxane A2/analogs & derivatives
- Thromboxane A2/pharmacology
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- S J MacLennan
- Analytical Pharmacology Group, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, U.K
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MacLennan SJ, Martin GR. Effect of the thromboxane A2-mimetic U46619 on 5-HT1-like and 5-HT2 receptor-mediated contraction of the rabbit isolated femoral artery. Br J Pharmacol 1992; 107:418-21. [PMID: 1422590 PMCID: PMC1907879 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1992.tb12761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
1. The influence of the thromboxane A2-mimetic U46619 (11 alpha, 9 alpha-epoxymethano PGH2) on 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5-HT)-induced contractions of the rabbit isolated femoral artery has been examined. 2. In the absence of U46619, 5-HT responses were mediated predominantly by 5-HT2-receptors as judged by potent, surmountable antagonism by the selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonists, spiperone and ketanserin. Both antagonists unmasked a population of 5-HT1-like receptors which accounted for approximately 10-15% of the 5-HT maximum response. 3. In the presence of U46619 (3-10 nM), 5-HT-induced contractions were largely resistant to blockade by 5-HT2 receptor antagonists since 5-HT1-like receptor-mediated contraction now accounted for approximately 60% of the 5-HT maximum response. 4. These results show that activation of thromboxane A2 receptors in a tissue possessing both 5-HT2 and 5-HT1-like receptors can convert 5-HT-induced contraction from one mediated predominantly by 5-HT2 receptors to one which is mediated predominantly by 5-HT1-like receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J MacLennan
- Analytical Pharmacology Group, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent
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MacLennan SJ, Martin GR. Actions of non-peptide ergot alkaloids at 5-HT1-like and 5-HT2 receptors mediating vascular smooth muscle contraction. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1990; 342:120-9. [PMID: 2234096 DOI: 10.1007/bf00166953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the actions of the non-peptide ergot alkaloids methysergide, methylergometrine and ergometrine at two types of 5-HT receptor mediating vascular contraction; the well established 5-HT2 receptor in rabbit aorta and a non-5-HT2 receptor in rabbit saphenous vein which resembles the 5-HT1-like receptor in dog saphenous vein. In the rabbit aorta ergometrine (1 mumol/l) and methylergometrine (0.3 mumol/l), but not methysergide, produced small contractions (14% and 7% respectively of the maximal response to 5-HT). This contraction was not related to activation of 5-HT2 receptors since it was resistant to blockade by ketanserin (0.3 mumol/l). When examined as antagonists of 5-HT-induced contractions of rabbit aorta, each ergot displayed nanomolar affinity at the 5-HT2 receptor but only methysergide behaved as a simple competitive antagonist (pKB = 8.25). Methylergometrine and ergometrine produced surmountable blockade which was accompanied by a non-parallel displacement of the 5-HT concentration-effect curves. The selective 5-HT1-like receptor agonist GR43175 (less than or equal to 30 mumol/l) was devoid of affinity at the 5-HT2 receptor in rabbit aorta. In the rabbit saphenous vein each of the ergots produced concentration-dependent contractions which resulted in overtly biphasic concentration-effect curves. Only the first phase of contraction mimicked the effects of 5-HT and GR43175 since contractions were not blocked by MDL 72222 (1 mumol/l), but were surmountably antagonised by methiothepin (10 nmol/l), ketanserin (0.3 mumol/l) and spiperone (0.3 mumol/l).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- S J MacLennan
- Analytical Pharmacology Group, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, UK
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Martin GR, MacLennan SJ. Analysis of the 5-HT receptor in rabbit saphenous vein exemplifies the problems of using exclusion criteria for receptor classification. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1990; 342:111-9. [PMID: 2234095 DOI: 10.1007/bf00166952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) contracts ring preparations of rabbit saphenous vein via direct and indirect components, the latter being compatible with a "tyramine-like" action at sympathetic nerve terminals. Here an attempt was made to establish the identity of the receptor mediating contraction directly, in terms of the currently accepted proposals (Bradley et al. 1986). Results with agonists suggested 5-HT1-like receptor activation: methylsergide behaved as a partial agonist with microcolar affinity and 5-HT effects were mimicked by 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT) and GR43175. The agonist potency order was 5-CT greater than 5-HT greater than methysergide greater than or equal to GR43175, the same as that reported at the 5-HT1-like receptor in dog saphenous vein (Feniuk et al. 1985; Humphrey et al. 1988). Consistent with this, 5-HT effects were resistant to blockade by the selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist MDL72222 (1.0 mumol/l). In contrast, methiothepin (0.01-0.3 mumol/l), ketanserin (0.3-30.0 mumol/l) and spiperone (0.3-30.0 mumol/l) each produced surmountable antagonism which, although competitive in nature only for methiothepin (pKB = 9.45 +/- 0.09, 17 d.f.), implied 5-HT2 receptor involvement. The possibility that these discrepancies resulted from mixed populations of 5-HT1-like and 5-HT2 receptors can be excluded because; 1). Ketanserin and spiperone blocked the actions of 5-HT and the selective 5-HT1-like receptor agonist GR43175 with equal facility and 2). Responses to all of the agonists studied were similarly antagonised by flesinoxan (pKB approximately 6.4), a simple competitive antagonist at the receptor in rabbit saphenous vein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Martin
- Analytical Pharmacology Group, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, UK
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MacLennan SJ, Whittle MJ, McGrath JC. 5-HT1-like receptors requiring functional cyclo-oxygenase and 5-HT2 receptors independent of cyclo-oxygenase mediate contraction of the human umbilical artery. Br J Pharmacol 1989; 97:921-33. [PMID: 2503229 PMCID: PMC1854577 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1989.tb12033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
1. The interactions between 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and the antagonists ketanserin, methysergide and phentolamine were studied in isolated preparations of human umbilical artery (HUA) at physiological oxygen tension (Po2 approximately 15 mmHg) and at high PO2 (approximately 120 mmHg). 2. At physiological Po2 ketanserin, methysergide and phentolamine behaved as silent competitive antagonists of the 5-HT-induced contraction of HUA. pA2 values calculated by Schild analysis were 8.92, 8.52 and 6.37, respectively. 3. At high Po2, 5-HT-induced contractions were antagonised in a biphasic manner by ketanserin (0.1 microM); the response to low but not to high concentrations of 5-HT was resistant to blockade by ketanserin. The ketanserin-resistant component was abolished following cyclo-oxygenase inhibition by indomethacin (1 microM). 4. At high Po2, methysergide behaved as a partial agonist. Methysergide-induced contractions were inhibited but not abolished by indomethacin, and resistant to 5-HT2 receptor and alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade. 5. At high Po2 the component of the response to 5-HT mediated by the ketanserin-resistant receptor was mimicked by the selective 5-HT1-like receptor agonist 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT): 5-CT was 7 fold more potent than 5-HT. 6. At high Po2 the component of the response to 5-HT mediated by the ketanserin-resistant receptor was antagonised by phentolamine and the selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist Wy 26703. 7. These results suggest that (i) at physiological Po2 5-HT2 receptors almost exclusively mediate contractions induced by 5-HT, and (ii) at high Po2 the agonist potency order of 5-CT greater than 5-HT greater than methysergide suggests that ketanserin-resistant responses are mediated by 5-HT1-like receptors which require functional cyclo-oxygenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J MacLennan
- Autonomic Physiology unit, Institute of Physiology, The University, Glasgow, Scotland
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MacLennan SJ, McGrath JC, Whittle MJ. Inhibition of the oxygen-induced contraction of the isolated human umbilical artery by indomethacin, flurbiprofen, aspirin and drugs modifying Ca2+ disposition. Prostaglandins 1988; 36:711-29. [PMID: 2467324 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(88)90015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study we have quantified the potency of three cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors, indomethacin, flurbiprofen and aspirin to reduce the vasoconstriction of isolated strips of human umbilical artery (HUA) to changing the oxygen-tension (PO2) of the bathing medium. The inhibitory potencies (IC50) of indomethacin and flurbiprofen were similar (IC50 = 2.1 x 10(-9) M and 7.6 x 10(-9) M respectively) while aspirin (IC50 = 2.5 x 10(-5) M) was approximately 12,000 fold less potent than indomethacin. At the physiological PO2 of 15 mmHg the isolated HUA was found to have an inherent cyclo-oxygenase induced tone since either reducing the PO2 from 15 to OmmHg or adding cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors caused vasorelaxation. O2-induced contractions were partly dependent on extracellular Ca2+: nifedipine and Bay K 8644 inhibited and enhanced oxygen-induced contractions, respectively, but did not have a significant effect on calcium-dependent 5-hydroxy-tryptamine-induced (5-HT) contractions. Therefore cyclo-oxygenase products and 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contractions of the HUA may both utilise extracellular calcium but through different processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J MacLennan
- Autonomic Physiology Unit, The University, Glasgow, Schotland
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McGrath JC, MacLennan SJ, Whittle MJ. Comparison of the effects of oxygen, 5-hydroxytryptamine, bradykinin and adrenaline in isolated human umbilical artery smooth muscle. Q J Exp Physiol 1988; 73:547-59. [PMID: 3174915 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.1988.sp003175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The actions of 5-HT, bradykinin and adrenaline on the isolated human umbilical artery (HUA) were examined in paired isometric and isotonic preparations and in paired isometric and perfused preparations at both low (approximately 20 mmHg) and high (approximately 120 mmHg) oxygen tensions. The response to each agonist was potentiated by the higher oxygen tension in all test systems. The relative potency of the three agonists studied was similar using each of the experimental techniques. The contractions to stepped increments in oxygen tension were compared in isometric and isotonic preparations. The thresholds were found to be 20 and 28 mmHg respectively. The maximum contraction occurred at 234 and 199 mmHg respectively. In the perfused (constant flow rate) preparations, oxygen did not evoke any increase in perfusion pressure unless the vessel was held under longitudinal tension, in which case the pressor responses were similarly concentration dependent as for isometric and isotonic preparations. Responses to 5-HT, bradykinin and adrenaline in the perfused preparation were similar with or without application of longitudinal tension. It is concluded that oxygen may contract only the longitudinal muscle whereas 5-HT, bradykinin and adrenaline act on both longitudinal and circular muscle. The possible roles which these agonists may play in the regulation of umbilical blood flow are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C McGrath
- Autonomic Physiology Unit, University of Glasgow
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Abstract
The O2 tension of umbilical arterial blood in utero is 15 mmHg. The contractile effect of increasing the O2 tension above this value was studied quantitatively in vitro in preparations of human umbilical artery and vein. The umbilical arterial smooth muscle was contracted in a concentration-related manner by stepped increments in O2 tension. The threshold for O2-induced contraction was estimated to be 36 mmHg at pH 7.28 and the maximum contraction occurred at 297 mmHg. The sensitivity of the preparations to low O2 tensions (less than 100 mmHg) was reduced by increasing the pH of the bathing medium from 7.28 to 7.36, at which the threshold was 69 mmHg and the maximum contraction occurred at 282 mmHg. Reducing the pH to 7.18 did not significantly change the sensitivity from that found at pH 7.28. Indomethacin (0.1 microM) virtually abolished responses to O2. The results indicate that the increase in the physiological O2 tension at birth, from 15 to 100 mmHg, may be an adequate stimulus to effect the closure of the umbilical artery. In the physiological range O2 did not contract the umbilical venous smooth muscle. This may allow the transfusion of blood from the placenta to the fetus at birth when the O2 tension of umbilical cord blood increases after the onset of breathing.
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McGrath JC, MacLennan SJ, Stuart-Smith K. Characterization of the receptor mediating contraction of human umbilical artery by 5-hydroxytryptamine. Br J Pharmacol 1985; 84:199-202. [PMID: 3978312 PMCID: PMC1987225 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb17370.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor in human umbilical artery was found to be similar to that in rabbit aorta. The pD2 was 7.45, pA2 for methysergide 8.63 and pA2 for phentolamine 6.21. Noradrenaline gave only very weak contractions at non-physiological concentrations. Amidephrine and xylazine did not contract human umbilical artery. It is concluded that there is no significant population of functional alpha-adrenoceptors in this vessel. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the control of the umbilical circulation.
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