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Evangelista-Leite D, Carreira ACO, Nishiyama MY, Gilpin SE, Miglino MA. The molecular mechanisms of extracellular matrix-derived hydrogel therapy in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis models. Biomaterials 2023; 302:122338. [PMID: 37820517 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressively debilitating lung condition characterized by oxidative stress, cell phenotype shifts, and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Recent studies have shown promising results using decellularized ECM-derived hydrogels produced through pepsin digestion in various lung injury models and even a human clinical trial for myocardial infarction. This study aimed to characterize the composition of ECM-derived hydrogels, assess their potential to prevent fibrosis in bleomycin-induced IPF models, and unravel their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. Porcine lungs were decellularized and pepsin-digested for 48 h. The hydrogel production process, including visualization of protein molecular weight distribution and hydrogel gelation, was characterized. Peptidomics analysis of ECM-derived hydrogel contained peptides from 224 proteins. Probable bioactive and cell-penetrating peptides, including collagen IV, laminin beta 2, and actin alpha 1, were identified. ECM-derived hydrogel treatment was administered as an early intervention to prevent fibrosis advancement in rat models of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. ECM-derived hydrogel concentrations of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL showed subtle but noticeable effects on reducing lung inflammation, oxidative damage, and protein markers related to fibrosis (e.g., alpha-smooth muscle actin, collagen I). Moreover, distinct changes were observed in macroscopic appearance, alveolar structure, collagen deposition, and protein expression between lungs that received ECM-derived hydrogel and control fibrotic lungs. Proteomic analyses revealed significant protein and gene expression changes related to cellular processes, pathways, and components involved in tissue remodeling, inflammation, and cytoskeleton regulation. RNA sequencing highlighted differentially expressed genes associated with various cellular processes, such as tissue remodeling, hormone secretion, cell chemotaxis, and cytoskeleton engagement. This study suggests that ECM-derived hydrogel treatment influence pathways associated with tissue repair, inflammation regulation, cytoskeleton reorganization, and cellular response to injury, potentially offering therapeutic benefits in preventing or mitigating lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Evangelista-Leite
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-010, Brazil; School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Ana C O Carreira
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-010, Brazil; NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05360-130, Brazil; Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, 09210-580, Brazil.
| | - Milton Y Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, 05503-900, Brazil.
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-010, Brazil.
| | - Maria A Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-010, Brazil.
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2
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Plebani R, Potla R, Soong M, Bai H, Izadifar Z, Jiang A, Travis RN, Belgur C, Dinis A, Cartwright MJ, Prantil-Baun R, Jolly P, Gilpin SE, Romano M, Ingber DE. Modeling pulmonary cystic fibrosis in a human lung airway-on-a-chip. J Cyst Fibros 2022; 21:606-615. [PMID: 34799298 DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.15.21260407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which results in impaired airway mucociliary clearance, inflammation, infection, and respiratory insufficiency. The development of new therapeutics for CF are limited by the lack of reliable preclinical models that recapitulate the structural, immunological, and bioelectrical features of human CF lungs. METHODS We leveraged organ-on-a-chip technology to develop a microfluidic device lined by primary human CF bronchial epithelial cells grown under an air-liquid interface and interfaced with pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (CF Airway Chip) exposed to fluid flow. The responses of CF and healthy Airway Chips were analyzed in the presence or absence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and the bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RESULTS The CF Airway Chip faithfully recapitulated many features of the human CF airways, including enhanced mucus accumulation, increased cilia density, and a higher ciliary beating frequency compared to chips lined by healthy bronchial epithelial cells. The CF chips also secreted higher levels of IL-8, which was accompanied by enhanced PMN adhesion to the endothelium and transmigration into the airway compartment. In addition, CF Airway Chips provided a more favorable environment for Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth, which resulted in enhanced secretion of inflammatory cytokines and recruitment of PMNs to the airway. CONCLUSIONS The human CF Airway Chip may provide a valuable preclinical tool for pathophysiology studies as well as for drug testing and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Plebani
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ratnakar Potla
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mercy Soong
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Haiqing Bai
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zohreh Izadifar
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amanda Jiang
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Renee N Travis
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chaitra Belgur
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alexandre Dinis
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark J Cartwright
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rachelle Prantil-Baun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pawan Jolly
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mario Romano
- Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Donald E Ingber
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States.
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3
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Wu T, Rabi SA, Michaud WA, Becerra D, Gilpin SE, Mino-Kenudson M, Ott HC. Protease inhibitor Camostat Mesyalte blocks wild type SARS-CoV-2 and D614G viral entry in human engineered miniature lungs. Biomaterials 2022; 285:121509. [PMID: 35533440 PMCID: PMC8999341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The catastrophic global effects of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlight the need to develop novel therapeutics strategies to prevent and treat viral infections of the respiratory tract. To enable this work, we need scalable, affordable, and physiologically relevant models of the human lung, the primary organ involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. To date, most COVID-19 in vitro models rely on platforms such as cell lines and organoids. While 2D and 3D models have provided important insights, human distal lung models that can model epithelial viral uptake have yet to be established. We hypothesized that by leveraging techniques of whole organ engineering and directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) we could model human distal lung epithelium, examine viral infection at the tissue level in real time, and establish a platform for COVID-19 related research ex vivo. In the present study, we used type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AT2) derived from human iPSCs to repopulate whole rat lung acellular scaffolds and maintained them in extended biomimetic organ culture for 30 days to induce the maturation of distal lung epithelium. We observed emergence of a mixed type 1 and type 2 alveolar epithelial phenotype during tissue formation. When exposing our system to a pseudotyped lentivirus containing the spike of wildtype SARS-CoV-2 and the more virulent D614G, we observed progression of the infection in real time. We then found that the protease inhibitor Camostat Mesyalte significantly reduced viral transfection in distal lung epithelium. In summary, our data show that a mature human distal lung epithelium can serve as a novel moderate throughput research platform to examine viral infection and to evaluate novel therapeutics ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seyed A. Rabi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William A. Michaud
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Surgical Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Becerra
- Duke University Medical Center, Department of General Surgery, USA
| | - Sarah E. Gilpin
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harald C. Ott
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, USA,Corresponding author. Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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4
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Bai H, Si L, Jiang A, Belgur C, Zhai Y, Plebani R, Oh CY, Rodas M, Patil A, Nurani A, Gilpin SE, Powers RK, Goyal G, Prantil-Baun R, Ingber DE. Mechanical control of innate immune responses against viral infection revealed in a human lung alveolus chip. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1928. [PMID: 35396513 PMCID: PMC8993817 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical breathing motions have a fundamental function in lung development and disease, but little is known about how they contribute to host innate immunity. Here we use a human lung alveolus chip that experiences cyclic breathing-like deformations to investigate whether physical forces influence innate immune responses to viral infection. Influenza H3N2 infection of mechanically active chips induces a cascade of host responses including increased lung permeability, apoptosis, cell regeneration, cytokines production, and recruitment of circulating immune cells. Comparison with static chips reveals that breathing motions suppress viral replication by activating protective innate immune responses in epithelial and endothelial cells, which are mediated in part through activation of the mechanosensitive ion channel TRPV4 and signaling via receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). RAGE inhibitors suppress cytokines induction, while TRPV4 inhibition attenuates both inflammation and viral burden, in infected chips with breathing motions. Therefore, TRPV4 and RAGE may serve as new targets for therapeutic intervention in patients infected with influenza and other potential pandemic viruses that cause life-threatening lung inflammation. Mechanical forces in lungs facilitate breathing motions. Here the authors use a microfluidic human lung alveolus chip to study influenza infection and find that mechanical forces from active chips also induce innate inflammatory responses via, at least partially, signaling from TRPV4 and RAGE, thereby implicating them as potential therapeutic targets for lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Bai
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Longlong Si
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Amanda Jiang
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chaitra Belgur
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yunhao Zhai
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Roberto Plebani
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, 66023, Italy
| | - Crystal Yuri Oh
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Melissa Rodas
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Aditya Patil
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Atiq Nurani
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rani K Powers
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Girija Goyal
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rachelle Prantil-Baun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Donald E Ingber
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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5
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Plebani R, Potla R, Soong M, Bai H, Izadifar Z, Jiang A, Travis RN, Belgur C, Dinis A, Cartwright MJ, Prantil-Baun R, Jolly P, Gilpin SE, Romano M, Ingber DE. Modeling pulmonary cystic fibrosis in a human lung airway-on-a-chip: Cystic fibrosis airway chip. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 21:606-615. [PMID: 34799298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which results in impaired airway mucociliary clearance, inflammation, infection, and respiratory insufficiency. The development of new therapeutics for CF are limited by the lack of reliable preclinical models that recapitulate the structural, immunological, and bioelectrical features of human CF lungs. METHODS We leveraged organ-on-a-chip technology to develop a microfluidic device lined by primary human CF bronchial epithelial cells grown under an air-liquid interface and interfaced with pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (CF Airway Chip) exposed to fluid flow. The responses of CF and healthy Airway Chips were analyzed in the presence or absence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and the bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RESULTS The CF Airway Chip faithfully recapitulated many features of the human CF airways, including enhanced mucus accumulation, increased cilia density, and a higher ciliary beating frequency compared to chips lined by healthy bronchial epithelial cells. The CF chips also secreted higher levels of IL-8, which was accompanied by enhanced PMN adhesion to the endothelium and transmigration into the airway compartment. In addition, CF Airway Chips provided a more favorable environment for Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth, which resulted in enhanced secretion of inflammatory cytokines and recruitment of PMNs to the airway. CONCLUSIONS The human CF Airway Chip may provide a valuable preclinical tool for pathophysiology studies as well as for drug testing and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Plebani
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ratnakar Potla
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mercy Soong
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Haiqing Bai
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zohreh Izadifar
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amanda Jiang
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Renee N Travis
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chaitra Belgur
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alexandre Dinis
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark J Cartwright
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rachelle Prantil-Baun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pawan Jolly
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mario Romano
- Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Donald E Ingber
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States.
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6
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Si L, Bai H, Rodas M, Cao W, Oh CY, Jiang A, Moller R, Hoagland D, Oishi K, Horiuchi S, Uhl S, Blanco-Melo D, Albrecht RA, Liu WC, Jordan T, Nilsson-Payant BE, Golynker I, Frere J, Logue J, Haupt R, McGrath M, Weston S, Zhang T, Plebani R, Soong M, Nurani A, Kim SM, Zhu DY, Benam KH, Goyal G, Gilpin SE, Prantil-Baun R, Gygi SP, Powers RK, Carlson KE, Frieman M, tenOever BR, Ingber DE. A human-airway-on-a-chip for the rapid identification of candidate antiviral therapeutics and prophylactics. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:815-829. [PMID: 33941899 PMCID: PMC8387338 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00718-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The rapid repurposing of antivirals is particularly pressing during pandemics. However, rapid assays for assessing candidate drugs typically involve in vitro screens and cell lines that do not recapitulate human physiology at the tissue and organ levels. Here we show that a microfluidic bronchial-airway-on-a-chip lined by highly differentiated human bronchial-airway epithelium and pulmonary endothelium can model viral infection, strain-dependent virulence, cytokine production and the recruitment of circulating immune cells. In airway chips infected with influenza A, the co-administration of nafamostat with oseltamivir doubled the treatment-time window for oseltamivir. In chips infected with pseudotyped severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), clinically relevant doses of the antimalarial drug amodiaquine inhibited infection but clinical doses of hydroxychloroquine and other antiviral drugs that inhibit the entry of pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 in cell lines under static conditions did not. We also show that amodiaquine showed substantial prophylactic and therapeutic activities in hamsters challenged with native SARS-CoV-2. The human airway-on-a-chip may accelerate the identification of therapeutics and prophylactics with repurposing potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Si
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haiqing Bai
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa Rodas
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wuji Cao
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Crystal Yuri Oh
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda Jiang
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rasmus Moller
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daisy Hoagland
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kohei Oishi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shu Horiuchi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Skyler Uhl
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Blanco-Melo
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Randy A Albrecht
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wen-Chun Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tristan Jordan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ilona Golynker
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Justin Frere
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Logue
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert Haupt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marisa McGrath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stuart Weston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberto Plebani
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mercy Soong
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Atiq Nurani
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seong Min Kim
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danni Y Zhu
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kambez H Benam
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Girija Goyal
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachelle Prantil-Baun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rani K Powers
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth E Carlson
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Frieman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin R tenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donald E Ingber
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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7
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Evangelista-Leite D, Carreira ACO, Gilpin SE, Miglino MA. Protective Effects of Extracellular Matrix-Derived Hydrogels in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2021; 28:517-530. [PMID: 33899554 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease with significant gas exchange impairment owing to exaggerated extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and myofibroblast activation. IPF has no cure, and although nintedanib and pirfenidone are two approved medications for symptom management, the total treatment cost is exuberant and prohibitive to a global uninsured patient population. New therapeutic alternatives with moderate costs are needed to treat IPF. ECM hydrogels derived from decellularized lungs are cost-effective therapeutic candidates to treat pulmonary fibrosis because of their reported antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress contributes to IPF pathophysiology by damaging macromolecules, interfering with tissue remodeling, and contributing to myofibroblast activation. Thus, preventing oxidative stress has beneficial outcomes in IPF. For this purpose, this review describes ECM hydrogel's properties to regulate oxidative stress and tissue remodeling in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Evangelista-Leite
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia O Carreira
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria Angélica Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Kitano K, Ohata K, Economopoulos KP, Gorman DE, Gilpin SE, Becerra DC, Ott HC. Orthotopic Transplantation of Human Bioartificial Lung Grafts in a Porcine Model: A Feasibility Study. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 34:752-759. [PMID: 33713829 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is the only treatment for end-stage lung disease; however, donor organ shortage and intense immunosuppression limit its broad clinical impact. Bioengineering of lungs with patient-derived cells could overcome these problems. We created bioartificial lungs by seeding human-derived cells onto porcine lung matrices and performed orthotopic transplantation to assess feasibility and in vivo function. Porcine decellularized lung scaffolds were seeded with human airway epithelial cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Following in vitro culture, the bioartificial lungs were orthotopically transplanted into porcine recipients with planned 1-day survival (n = 3). Lungs were assessed with histology and in vivo function. Orthotopic transplantation of cadaveric lungs was performed as control. Engraftment of endothelial and epithelial cells in the grafts were histologically demonstrated. Technically successful orthotopic anastomoses of the vasculatures and airway were achieved in all animals. Perfusion and ventilation of the lung grafts were confirmed intraoperatively. The gas exchange function was evident immediately after transplantation; PO2 gradient between pulmonary artery and vein were 178 ± 153 mm Hg in the bioartificial lung group and 183 ± 117 mm Hg in the control group. At time of evaluation 24 hours after reperfusion, the pulmonary arteries were found to be occluded with thrombus in all bioartificial lungs. Engineering and orthotopic transplantation of bioartificial lungs with human cells were technically feasible in a porcine model. Early gas exchange function was evident. Further progress in optimizing recellularization and maturation of the grafts will be necessary for sustained perfusability and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kitano
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Ohata
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Daniel E Gorman
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David C Becerra
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Harald C Ott
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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9
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Wagner DE, Ikonomou L, Gilpin SE, Magin CM, Cruz F, Greaney A, Magnusson M, Chen YW, Davis B, Vanuytsel K, Rolandsson Enes S, Krasnodembskaya A, Lehmann M, Westergren-Thorsson G, Stegmayr J, Alsafadi HN, Hoffman ET, Weiss DJ, Ryan AL. Stem Cells, Cell Therapies, and Bioengineering in Lung Biology and Disease 2019. ERJ Open Res 2020; 6:00123-2020. [PMID: 33123557 PMCID: PMC7569162 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00123-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A workshop entitled "Stem Cells, Cell Therapies and Bioengineering in Lung Biology and Diseases" was hosted by the University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine in collaboration with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the Alpha-1 Foundation, the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy and the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation. The event was held from July 15 to 18, 2019 at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont. The objectives of the conference were to review and discuss the current status of the following active areas of research: 1) technological advancements in the analysis and visualisation of lung stem and progenitor cells; 2) evaluation of lung stem and progenitor cells in the context of their interactions with the niche; 3) progress toward the application and delivery of stem and progenitor cells for the treatment of lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis; 4) progress in induced pluripotent stem cell models and application for disease modelling; and 5) the emerging roles of cell therapy and extracellular vesicles in immunomodulation of the lung. This selection of topics represents some of the most dynamic research areas in which incredible progress continues to be made. The workshop also included active discussion on the regulation and commercialisation of regenerative medicine products and concluded with an open discussion to set priorities and recommendations for future research directions in basic and translation lung biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy E. Wagner
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medicine, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Laertis Ikonomou
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Sarah E. Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chelsea M. Magin
- Depts of Medicine and Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Fernanda Cruz
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Allison Greaney
- Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mattias Magnusson
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Dept of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brian Davis
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kim Vanuytsel
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara Rolandsson Enes
- Dept of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
- Dept of Experimental Medical Science, Division of Lung Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Mareike Lehmann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Lung Repair and Regeneration Unit, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - John Stegmayr
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medicine, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hani N. Alsafadi
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medicine, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Evan T. Hoffman
- Dept of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Daniel J. Weiss
- Dept of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Amy L. Ryan
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Dept of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Dept of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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10
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Ikonomou L, Wagner DE, Gilpin SE, Weiss DJ, Ryan AL. Technological advances in study of lung regenerative medicine:perspective from the 2019 Vermont lung stem cell conference. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:519-520. [PMID: 32507605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laertis Ikonomou
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM) of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Wallenberg Molecular Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Amy L Ryan
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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11
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Ryan AL, Ikonomou L, Atarod S, Bölükbas DA, Collins J, Freishtat R, Hawkins F, Gilpin SE, Uhl FE, Uriarte JJ, Weiss DJ, Wagner DE. Stem Cells, Cell Therapies, and Bioengineering in Lung Biology and Diseases 2017. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 61:429-439. [PMID: 31573338 PMCID: PMC6775946 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0286st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, in collaboration with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the Alpha-1 Foundation, the American Thoracic Society, the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, the European Respiratory Society, the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy, and the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation, convened a workshop titled "Stem Cells, Cell Therapies, and Bioengineering in Lung Biology and Diseases" from July 24 through 27, 2017, at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont. The conference objectives were to review and discuss current understanding of the following topics: 1) stem and progenitor cell biology and the role that they play in endogenous repair or as cell therapies after lung injury, 2) the emerging role of extracellular vesicles as potential therapies, 3) ex vivo bioengineering of lung and airway tissue, and 4) progress in induced pluripotent stem cell protocols for deriving lung cell types and applications in disease modeling. All of these topics are research areas in which significant and exciting progress has been made over the past few years. In addition, issues surrounding the ethics and regulation of cell therapies worldwide were discussed, with a special emphasis on combating the growing problem of unproven cell interventions being administered to patients with lung diseases. Finally, future research directions were discussed, and opportunities for both basic and translational research were identified.
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12
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Moser PT, Gerli M, Diercks GR, Evangelista-Leite D, Charest JM, Gershlak JR, Ren X, Gilpin SE, Jank BJ, Gaudette GR, Hartnick CJ, Ott HC. Creation of Laryngeal Grafts from Primary Human Cells and Decellularized Laryngeal Scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:543-555. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp T. Moser
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mattia Gerli
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian R. Diercks
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jonathan M. Charest
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua R. Gershlak
- Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Xi Ren
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah E. Gilpin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bernhard J. Jank
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Glenn R. Gaudette
- Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher J. Hartnick
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harald C. Ott
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Li J, Wen AM, Potla R, Benshirim E, Seebarran A, Benz MA, Henry OYF, Matthews BD, Prantil-Baun R, Gilpin SE, Levy O, Ingber DE. AAV-mediated gene therapy targeting TRPV4 mechanotransduction for inhibition of pulmonary vascular leakage. APL Bioeng 2019; 3:046103. [PMID: 31803860 PMCID: PMC6887658 DOI: 10.1063/1.5122967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced vascular permeability in the lungs can lead to pulmonary edema, impaired gas exchange, and ultimately respiratory failure. While oxygen delivery, mechanical ventilation, and pressure-reducing medications help alleviate these symptoms, they do not treat the underlying disease. Mechanical activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channels contributes to the development of pulmonary vascular disease, and overexpression of the high homology (HH) domain of the TRPV4-associated transmembrane protein CD98 has been shown to inhibit this pathway. Here, we describe the development of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector encoding the CD98 HH domain in which the AAV serotypes and promoters have been optimized for efficient and specific delivery to pulmonary cells. AAV-mediated gene delivery of the CD98 HH domain inhibited TRPV4 mechanotransduction in a specific manner and protected against pulmonary vascular leakage in a human lung Alveolus-on-a-Chip model. As AAV has been used clinically to deliver other gene therapies, these data raise the possibility of using this type of targeted approach to develop mechanotherapeutics that target the TRPV4 pathway for treatment of pulmonary edema in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Amy M Wen
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | | | | | | - Maximilian A Benz
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Olivier Y F Henry
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | | - Rachelle Prantil-Baun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Oren Levy
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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14
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Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT This work presents methods for ex vivo lung recellularization and biomimetic culture in a high-throughput and consistent manner. These methods allow for the testing of multiple variables, all of which are simultaneously controlled and monitored on a single fully automated pump system, and subsequent assessment of both epithelial and endothelial repair and tissue regeneration. This system provides a controlled environment for tissue repair, wherein key variables can be modified, monitored, reproduced, and optimized to advance the goal of ex vivo tissue regeneration based on native organ scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Gorman
- 1 Center for Regenerative Medicine , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tong Wu
- 1 Center for Regenerative Medicine , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- 1 Center for Regenerative Medicine , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Harald C Ott
- 1 Center for Regenerative Medicine , Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
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15
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Gilpin SE, Wagner DE. Acellular human lung scaffolds to model lung disease and tissue regeneration. Eur Respir Rev 2018; 27:27/148/180021. [PMID: 29875137 PMCID: PMC9488127 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0021-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in whole lung bioengineering have opened new doors for studying lung repair and regeneration ex vivo using acellular human derived lung tissue scaffolds. Methods to decellularise whole human lungs, lobes or resected segments from normal and diseased human lungs have been developed using both perfusion and immersion based techniques. Immersion based techniques allow laboratories without access to intact lobes the ability to generate acellular human lung scaffolds. Acellular human lung scaffolds can be further processed into small segments, thin slices or extracellular matrix extracts, to study cell behaviour such as viability, proliferation, migration and differentiation. Recent studies have offered important proof of concept of generating sufficient primary endothelial and lung epithelial cells to recellularise whole lobes that can be maintained for several days ex vivo in a bioreactor to study regeneration. In parallel, acellular human lung scaffolds have been increasingly used for studying cell–extracellular environment interactions. These studies have helped provide new insights into the role of the matrix and the extracellular environment in chronic human lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Acellular human lung scaffolds are a versatile new tool for studying human lung repair and regeneration ex vivo. Acellular human lung scaffolds can be used as diverse tools to study lung disease and tissue regeneration ex vivohttp://ow.ly/ZS0l30k9MEH
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Gilpin
- Laboratory for Organ Engineering and Regeneration, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Lund University, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Lund, Sweden .,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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16
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Kitano K, Schwartz DM, Zhou H, Gilpin SE, Wojtkiewicz GR, Ren X, Sommer CA, Capilla AV, Mathisen DJ, Goldstein AM, Mostoslavsky G, Ott HC. Bioengineering of functional human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal grafts. Nat Commun 2017; 8:765. [PMID: 29018244 PMCID: PMC5635127 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with short bowel syndrome lack sufficient functional intestine to sustain themselves with enteral intake alone. Transplantable vascularized bioengineered intestine could restore nutrient absorption. Here we report the engineering of humanized intestinal grafts by repopulating decellularized rat intestinal matrix with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal epithelium and human endothelium. After 28 days of in vitro culture, hiPSC-derived progenitor cells differentiate into a monolayer of polarized intestinal epithelium. Human endothelial cells seeded via native vasculature restore perfusability. Ex vivo isolated perfusion testing confirms transfer of glucose and medium-chain fatty acids from lumen to venous effluent. Four weeks after transplantation to RNU rats, grafts show survival and maturation of regenerated epithelium. Systemic venous sampling and positron emission tomography confirm uptake of glucose and fatty acids in vivo. Bioengineering intestine on vascularized native scaffolds could bridge the gap between cell/tissue-scale regeneration and whole organ-scale technology needed to treat intestinal failure patients. There is a need for humanised grafts to treat patients with intestinal failure. Here, the authors generate intestinal grafts by recellularizing native intestinal matrix with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived epithelium and human endothelium, and show nutrient absorption after transplantation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kitano
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Dana M Schwartz
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Haiyang Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Department of General Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No.415, Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Gregory R Wojtkiewicz
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Richard B. Simches Research Center, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Xi Ren
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Cesar A Sommer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Amalia V Capilla
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Douglas J Mathisen
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Founders 7, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Allan M Goldstein
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Gustavo Mostoslavsky
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 830 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Harald C Ott
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., Founders 7, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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17
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Gilpin SE, Li Q, Evangelista-Leite D, Ren X, Reinhardt DP, Frey BL, Ott HC. Fibrillin-2 and Tenascin-C bridge the age gap in lung epithelial regeneration. Biomaterials 2017; 140:212-219. [PMID: 28662401 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Organ engineering based on native matrix scaffolds involves combining regenerative cell populations with corresponding biological matrices to form functional grafts on-demand. The extracellular matrix (ECM) that is retained following lung decellularization provides essential structure and biophysical cues for whole organ regeneration after recellularization. The unique ECM composition in the early post-natal lung, during active alveologenesis, may possess distinct signals that aid in driving cell adhesion, survival, and proliferation. We evaluated the behavior of basal epithelial stem cells (BESCs) isolated from adult human lung tissue, when cultured on acellular ECM derived from neonatal (aged < 1 week) or adult lung donors (n = 3 donors per group). A significant difference in cell proliferation and survival was found. We next performed in-depth proteomic analysis of the lung scaffolds to quantify proteins significantly enriched in the neonatal ECM, and identified the glycoproteins Fibrillin-2 (FBN-2) and Tenascin-C (TN-C) as potential mediators of the observed effect. BESCs cultured on Collagen Type IV coated plates, supplemented with FBN-2 and TN-C demonstrated significantly increased proliferation and decreased cellular senescence. No significant increase in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition was observed. In vitro migration was also increased by FBN-2 and TN-C treatment. Decellularized lung scaffolds treated with FBN-2 and TN-C prior to re-epithelialization supported greater epithelial proliferation and tissue remodeling. BESC distribution, matrix alignment, and overall tissue morphology was improved on treated lung scaffolds, after 3 and 7 days of ex vivo lung culture. These results demonstrate that scaffold re-epithelialization is enhanced on neonatal lung ECM, and that supplementation of FBN-2 and TN-C to the native scaffold may be a valuable tool in lung tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Gilpin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Qiyao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Daniele Evangelista-Leite
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xi Ren
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dieter P Reinhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, United States; Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, United States
| | - Brian L Frey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Harald C Ott
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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18
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Gilpin SE, Charest JM, Ren X, Tapias LF, Wu T, Evangelista-Leite D, Mathisen DJ, Ott HC. Regenerative potential of human airway stem cells in lung epithelial engineering. Biomaterials 2016; 108:111-9. [PMID: 27622532 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bio-engineered organs for transplantation may ultimately provide a personalized solution for end-stage organ failure, without the risk of rejection. Building upon the process of whole organ perfusion decellularization, we aimed to develop novel, translational methods for the recellularization and regeneration of transplantable lung constructs. We first isolated a proliferative KRT5(+)TP63(+) basal epithelial stem cell population from human lung tissue and demonstrated expansion capacity in conventional 2D culture. We then repopulated acellular rat scaffolds in ex vivo whole organ culture and observed continued cell proliferation, in combination with primary pulmonary endothelial cells. To show clinical scalability, and to test the regenerative capacity of the basal cell population in a human context, we then recellularized and cultured isolated human lung scaffolds under biomimetic conditions. Analysis of the regenerated tissue constructs confirmed cell viability and sustained metabolic activity over 7 days of culture. Tissue analysis revealed extensive recellularization with organized tissue architecture and morphology, and preserved basal epithelial cell phenotype. The recellularized lung constructs displayed dynamic compliance and rudimentary gas exchange capacity. Our results underline the regenerative potential of patient-derived human airway stem cells in lung tissue engineering. We anticipate these advances to have clinically relevant implications for whole lung bioengineering and ex vivo organ repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Gilpin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Harvard Medical School, United States; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
| | - Jonathan M Charest
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
| | - Xi Ren
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Harvard Medical School, United States; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
| | - Luis F Tapias
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Harvard Medical School, United States; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
| | - Tong Wu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Harvard Medical School, United States; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
| | - Daniele Evangelista-Leite
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
| | - Douglas J Mathisen
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Harald C Ott
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Harvard Medical School, United States; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
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19
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20
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Guyette JP, Charest JM, Mills RW, Jank BJ, Moser PT, Gilpin SE, Gershlak JR, Okamoto T, Gonzalez G, Milan DJ, Gaudette GR, Ott HC. Bioengineering Human Myocardium on Native Extracellular Matrix. Circ Res 2015; 118:56-72. [PMID: 26503464 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.306874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE More than 25 million individuals have heart failure worldwide, with ≈4000 patients currently awaiting heart transplantation in the United States. Donor organ shortage and allograft rejection remain major limitations with only ≈2500 hearts transplanted each year. As a theoretical alternative to allotransplantation, patient-derived bioartificial myocardium could provide functional support and ultimately impact the treatment of heart failure. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to translate previous work to human scale and clinically relevant cells for the bioengineering of functional myocardial tissue based on the combination of human cardiac matrix and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS To provide a clinically relevant tissue scaffold, we translated perfusion-decellularization to human scale and obtained biocompatible human acellular cardiac scaffolds with preserved extracellular matrix composition, architecture, and perfusable coronary vasculature. We then repopulated this native human cardiac matrix with cardiomyocytes derived from nontransgenic human induced pluripotent stem cells and generated tissues of increasing 3-dimensional complexity. We maintained such cardiac tissue constructs in culture for 120 days to demonstrate definitive sarcomeric structure, cell and matrix deformation, contractile force, and electrical conduction. To show that functional myocardial tissue of human scale can be built on this platform, we then partially recellularized human whole-heart scaffolds with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Under biomimetic culture, the seeded constructs developed force-generating human myocardial tissue and showed electrical conductivity, left ventricular pressure development, and metabolic function. CONCLUSIONS Native cardiac extracellular matrix scaffolds maintain matrix components and structure to support the seeding and engraftment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and enable the bioengineering of functional human myocardial-like tissue of multiple complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques P Guyette
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Jonathan M Charest
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Robert W Mills
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Bernhard J Jank
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Philipp T Moser
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Joshua R Gershlak
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Tatsuya Okamoto
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Gabriel Gonzalez
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - David J Milan
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Glenn R Gaudette
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.)
| | - Harald C Ott
- From the Center for Regenerative Medicine (J.P.G., J.M.C., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., T.O., G.G., H.C.O.), Cardiovascular Research Center (R.W.M., D.J.M.), Division of Cardiology (D.J.M.), and Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (H.C.O.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.P.G., B.J.J., P.T.M., S.E.G., G.G., H.C.O.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA (J.R.G., G.R.G.); and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA (H.C.O.).
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Li Q, Uygun BE, Geerts S, Ozer S, Scalf M, Gilpin SE, Ott HC, Yarmush ML, Smith LM, Welham NV, Frey BL. Proteomic analysis of naturally-sourced biological scaffolds. Biomaterials 2015; 75:37-46. [PMID: 26476196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A key challenge to the clinical implementation of decellularized scaffold-based tissue engineering lies in understanding the process of removing cells and immunogenic material from a donor tissue/organ while maintaining the biochemical and biophysical properties of the scaffold that will promote growth of newly seeded cells. Current criteria for evaluating whole organ decellularization are primarily based on nucleic acids, as they are easy to quantify and have been directly correlated to adverse host responses. However, numerous proteins cause immunogenic responses and thus should be measured directly to further understand and quantify the efficacy of decellularization. In addition, there has been increasing appreciation for the role of the various protein components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in directing cell growth and regulating organ function. We performed in-depth proteomic analysis on four types of biological scaffolds and identified a large number of both remnant cellular and ECM proteins. Measurements of individual protein abundances during the decellularization process revealed significant removal of numerous cellular proteins, but preservation of most structural matrix proteins. The observation that decellularized scaffolds still contain many cellular proteins, although at decreased abundance, indicates that elimination of DNA does not assure adequate removal of all cellular material. Thus, proteomic analysis provides crucial characterization of the decellularization process to create biological scaffolds for future tissue/organ replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Basak E Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sharon Geerts
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sinan Ozer
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mark Scalf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Harald C Ott
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Martin L Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lloyd M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nathan V Welham
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
| | - Brian L Frey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Ren X, Moser PT, Gilpin SE, Okamoto T, Wu T, Tapias LF, Mercier FE, Xiong L, Ghawi R, Scadden DT, Mathisen DJ, Ott HC. Engineering pulmonary vasculature in decellularized rat and human lungs. Nat Biotechnol 2015; 33:1097-102. [PMID: 26368048 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bioengineered lungs produced from patient-derived cells may one day provide an alternative to donor lungs for transplantation therapy. Here we report the regeneration of functional pulmonary vasculature by repopulating the vascular compartment of decellularized rat and human lung scaffolds with human cells, including endothelial and perivascular cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. We describe improved methods for delivering cells into the lung scaffold and for maturing newly formed endothelium through co-seeding of endothelial and perivascular cells and a two-phase culture protocol. Using these methods we achieved ∼75% endothelial coverage in the rat lung scaffold relative to that of native lung. The regenerated endothelium showed reduced vascular resistance and improved barrier function over the course of in vitro culture and remained patent for 3 days after orthotopic transplantation in rats. Finally, we scaled our approach to the human lung lobe and achieved efficient cell delivery, maintenance of cell viability and establishment of perfusable vascular lumens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Ren
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philipp T Moser
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tatsuya Okamoto
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tong Wu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luis F Tapias
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Francois E Mercier
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Linjie Xiong
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raja Ghawi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard College, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David T Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Douglas J Mathisen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harald C Ott
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Tapias LF, Lanuti M, Ren X, Gilpin SE, Wei L, Fuchs BC, Tanabe KK, Ott HC. Abstract 309: Longitudinal monitoring of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in a biomimetic 3D culture model for lung cancer using native extracellular matrix scaffolds. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Tissue-engineered 3D cell culture techniques have gained popularity in cancer research as they recapitulate tissue architecture, facilitate stroma formation, and promote complex cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Decellularized whole-organ scaffolds may represent the ultimate ECM analogue for this purpose. However, methods to assess cell behavior or viability within these tumor constructs are lacking.
Methods: Lungs from Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to perfusion-decellularization via the pulmonary artery with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1% Triton X-100 to obtain decellularized whole-lung ECM scaffolds. Decellularized lung scaffolds were placed in a bioreactor to allow perfusion of cell-specific media through the pulmonary artery. The human lung cancer cell lines SW1573 (KRAS mutant) and PC9 (EGFR mutant) were seeded into the scaffolds by means of tracheal delivery and were cultured for a total of 7 days. A resazurin reduction perfusion assay was performed on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 of culture to evaluate cell viability by diluting a resazurin-based reagent with culture medium and perfusing it via the pulmonary artery. The net fluorescence increase at the end of the assay was used to estimate the number of viable cells. Some tumor-ECM constructs were treated with erlotinib starting on day 3 of culture. At 7 days, tissue was collected and analyzed by histology and immunostaining for Ki67 and activated caspase 3.
Results: The human lung cancer cell lines PC9 and SW1573 showed engraftment and macroscopic tumor nodule formation when cultured on native lung ECM scaffolds under biomimetic 3D conditions. The resazurin reduction perfusion assay permitted the longitudinal and non-destructive estimation of cell viability within these 3D tumor constructs, therefore allowing the generation of proliferation curves using this model. Doubling times for PC9 and SW1573 cells under 3D biomimetic conditions were approximately 4.2 days and 4.7 days. Additionally, this method was able to detect sensitivity and relative resistance to erlotinib. After introduction of erlotinib on day 3, this assay reliably identified decreasing viable cell numbers in PC9-seeded scaffolds (∼23% vs. before treatment) consistent with the genotypic background of this cell line (EGFR exon 19 deletion). On the other hand, this method detected ongoing proliferation of SW1573 cells after erlotinib (∼148% vs. before treatment), consistent with known relative resistance of this cell line to this agent, which correlated with caspase 3 expression.
Conclusions: Decellularized native lung ECM scaffolds can serve as a more realistic 3D model for the study of processes related to lung cancer progression or for therapeutic experimentation. The methods presented here will prove useful to study cancer proliferation and cell viability under these 3D biomimetic culture conditions.
Citation Format: Luis F. Tapias, Michael Lanuti, Xi Ren, Sarah E. Gilpin, Lan Wei, Bryan C. Fuchs, Kenneth K. Tanabe, Harald C. Ott. Longitudinal monitoring of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in a biomimetic 3D culture model for lung cancer using native extracellular matrix scaffolds. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 309. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-309
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xi Ren
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Lan Wei
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Tapias LF, Gilpin SE, Ren X, Wei L, Fuchs BC, Tanabe KK, Lanuti M, Ott HC. Assessment of Proliferation and Cytotoxicity in a Biomimetic Three-Dimensional Model of Lung Cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2015; 100:414-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Charest JM, Okamoto T, Kitano K, Yasuda A, Gilpin SE, Mathisen DJ, Ott HC. Design and validation of a clinical-scale bioreactor for long-term isolated lung culture. Biomaterials 2015; 52:79-87. [PMID: 25818415 PMCID: PMC4568551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The primary treatment for end-stage lung disease is lung transplantation. However, donor organ shortage remains a major barrier for many patients. In recent years, techniques for maintaining lungs ex vivo for evaluation and short-term (<12 h) resuscitation have come into more widespread use in an attempt to expand the donor pool. In parallel, progress in whole organ engineering has provided the potential perspective of patient derived grafts grown on demand. As both of these strategies advance to more complex interventions for lung repair and regeneration, the need for a long-term organ culture system becomes apparent. Herein we describe a novel clinical scale bioreactor capable of maintaining functional porcine and human lungs for at least 72 h in isolated lung culture (ILC). The fully automated, computer controlled, sterile, closed circuit system enables physiologic pulsatile perfusion and negative pressure ventilation, while gas exchange function, and metabolism can be evaluated. Creation of this stable, biomimetic long-term culture environment will enable advanced interventions in both donor lungs and engineered grafts of human scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sarah E Gilpin
- Thoracic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Harald C Ott
- Thoracic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Tapias LF, Gilpin SE, Elliott J, Zachariah R, Zhou H, Fuchs BC, Wei L, Deperalta DK, Kuruppu KD, Tanabe KK, Ott HC, Lanuti M. Abstract 2037: A 3D model for lung cancer based on decellularized lung scaffolds allows for in vitro testing of viral oncolysis. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-2037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Viral oncolysis has been proposed as an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of advanced lung cancer. A more complex model would allow for improved in vitro testing of this therapy prior to moving towards clinical application.
Methods: Lung blocks were harvested from Sprague Dawley rats and subjected to perfusion-decellularization via the pulmonary artery with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1% Triton X-100 to obtain decellularized whole-lung scaffolds. Decellularized lung scaffolds were placed in a bioreactor to allow perfusion of cell-specific media through the pulmonary artery. Human lung cancer cells were seeded into the scaffolds by tracheal delivery of cell suspensions containing 20-30 million cells. After 7-10 days of culture in the bioreactor, lung scaffolds harboring tumor nodules were treated with a replication-conditional Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 (hrR3) at a dose of 1x108 Plaque Forming Units delivered through the pulmonary artery. In parallel, scaffolds with tumors treated with cisplatin served as positive controls while delivery of phosphate-buffered saline served as a negative control. Tissue was collected 48 hours after treatment delivery and was analyzed by histology, immunostaining for Lac Z to allow the visualization and localization of replicating virus, and by assessment of cytotoxicity with a formazan-based assay.
Results: There were no residual cellular elements after the decellularization process as demonstrated by histologic analysis, and the scaffolds showed preserved microarchitecture of the alveolar spaces and vasculature. Human lung cancer cell lines H358 and SW1573 showed engraftment and tumor nodule formation and growth inside the decellularized lung scaffolds. The custom-designed bioreactor system allowed for delivery of treatments including hrR3 through the pulmonary artery, in an easy and convenient way while maintaining sterility. Treatment with hrR3 decreased the total tumor burden per mg of tissue to 92% of that seen in negative controls in SW1573-seeded scaffolds and to 52% in H358-seeded scaffolds. Both SW1573- and H358-seeded scaffolds treated with cisplatin showed an overall >99% decrease in tumor burden. Tumors treated with hrR3 showed different morphology when compared to negative controls.
Conclusions: Decellularized lung scaffolds can serve as a more realistic three-dimensional model for the in vitro study of viral oncolysis of human lung cancer, as they account for anatomical variations and provide natural micro-architectural barriers to oncolytic virus such as basement membranes. Differences in the efficacy of viral oncolysis according to epithelial vs. mesenchymal tumor phenotypes should be further investigated.
Citation Format: Luis F. Tapias, Sarah E. Gilpin, Justin Elliott, Roshini Zachariah, Haiyu Zhou, Bryan C. Fuchs, Lan Wei, Danielle K. Deperalta, Kumudu D. Kuruppu, Kenneth K. Tanabe, Harald C. Ott, Michael Lanuti. A 3D model for lung cancer based on decellularized lung scaffolds allows for in vitro testing of viral oncolysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2037. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2037
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Haiyu Zhou
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Lan Wei
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Gilpin SE, Ren X, Okamoto T, Guyette JP, Mou H, Rajagopal J, Mathisen DJ, Vacanti JP, Ott HC. Enhanced lung epithelial specification of human induced pluripotent stem cells on decellularized lung matrix. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 98:1721-9; discussion 1729. [PMID: 25149047 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-lung scaffolds can be created by perfusion decellularization of cadaveric donor lungs. The resulting matrices can then be recellularized to regenerate functional organs. This study evaluated the capacity of acellular lung scaffolds to support recellularization with lung progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). METHODS Whole rat and human lungs were decellularized by constant-pressure perfusion with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution. Resulting lung scaffolds were cryosectioned into slices or left intact. Human iPSCs were differentiated to definitive endoderm, anteriorized to a foregut fate, and then ventralized to a population expressing NK2 homeobox 1 (Nkx2.1). Cells were seeded onto slices and whole lungs, which were maintained under constant perfusion biomimetic culture. Lineage specification was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescent staining. Regenerated left lungs were transplanted in an orthotopic position. RESULTS Activin-A treatment, followed by transforming growth factor-β inhibition, induced differentiation of human iPSCs to anterior foregut endoderm as confirmed by forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2), SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-Box 17 (SOX17), and SOX2 expression. Cells cultured on decellularized lung slices demonstrated proliferation and lineage commitment after 5 days. Cells expressing Nkx2.1 were identified at 40% to 60% efficiency. Within whole-lung scaffolds and under perfusion culture, cells further upregulated Nkx2.1 expression. After orthotopic transplantation, grafts were perfused and ventilated by host vasculature and airways. CONCLUSIONS Decellularized lung matrix supports the culture and lineage commitment of human iPSC-derived lung progenitor cells. Whole-organ scaffolds and biomimetic culture enable coseeding of iPSC-derived endothelial and epithelial progenitors and enhance early lung fate. Orthotopic transplantation may enable further in vivo graft maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Gilpin
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xi Ren
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tatsuya Okamoto
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jacques P Guyette
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hongmei Mou
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jayaraj Rajagopal
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas J Mathisen
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph P Vacanti
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Harald C Ott
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Abstract
The native extracellular matrix (ECM) outlines the architecture of organs and tissues. It provides a unique niche of composition and form, which serves as a foundational scaffold that supports organ-specific cell types and enables normal organ function. Here we describe a standard process for pressure-controlled perfusion decellularization of whole organs for generating acellular 3D scaffolds with preserved ECM protein content, architecture and perfusable vascular conduits. By applying antegrade perfusion of detergents and subsequent washes to arterial vasculature at low physiological pressures, successful decellularization of complex organs (i.e., hearts, lungs and kidneys) can be performed. By using appropriate modifications, pressure-controlled perfusion decellularization can be achieved in small-animal experimental models (rat organs, 4-5 d) and scaled to clinically relevant models (porcine and human organs, 12-14 d). Combining the unique structural and biochemical properties of native acellular scaffolds with subsequent recellularization techniques offers a novel platform for organ engineering and regeneration, for experimentation ex vivo and potential clinical application in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques P Guyette
- 1] Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3]
| | - Sarah E Gilpin
- 1] Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3]
| | - Jonathan M Charest
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luis F Tapias
- 1] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xi Ren
- 1] Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harald C Ott
- 1] Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [4] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Gilpin SE, Lung K, de Couto GT, Cypel M, Sato M, Singer LG, Keshavjee S, Waddell TK. Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in end-stage lung disease patients. BMC Pulm Med 2013; 13:48. [PMID: 23915095 PMCID: PMC3750607 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-13-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic lung diseases are marked by progressive inflammation, tissue damage and remodelling. Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells may contribute to these processes. The objectives of this study were to (1) to quantify CD45+Collagen-1+ fibrocytes and a novel epithelial-like population of bone marrow-derived cells, which express Clara Cell Secretory Protein, in patients at the time of lung transplant and (2) to evaluate mediators that may act to recruit these cells during injury. Methods Using an observational design, progenitor cells were quantified by flow cytometry from both bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB). Migration was tested using in vitro transwell assays. Multiplex bead-based assays were used to quantify plasma cytokines. Results An increase in CD45+Collagen-1+ fibrocytes was found in pulmonary fibrosis and bronchiolitis obliterans patients. Cystic fibrosis patients had an increase in CCSP+ cells in both the BM and PB. The proportion of CCSP+ cells in the BM and PB was correlated. CCSP+ cells express the chemokine receptors CCR2, CCR4, CXCR3, and CXCR4, and significantly migrated in vitro toward Stromal Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1) and Stem Cell Growth Factor-β (SCGF-β). Plasma cytokine levels differed between disease groups, with a significant correlation between SCGF-β and CCSP+ cells and between Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 and fibrocytes. Conclusions Different bone marrow-derived cells are found in various lung diseases. Increased fibrocytes were associated with fibrotic lung diseases. An increase in the novel CCSP+ epithelial-like progenitors in cystic fibrosis patients was found. These differences may be mediated by alterations in plasma cytokines responsible for cell recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Gilpin
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, North Wing, 9N - 949, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
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Moeller A, Gilpin SE, Ask K, Cox G, Cook D, Gauldie J, Margetts PJ, Farkas L, Dobranowski J, Boylan C, O'Byrne PM, Strieter RM, Kolb M. Circulating fibrocytes are an indicator of poor prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 179:588-94. [PMID: 19151190 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200810-1534oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The clinical management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains a major challenge due to lack of effective drug therapy or accurate indicators for disease progression. Fibrocytes are circulating mesenchymal cell progenitors that are involved in tissue repair and fibrosis. OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that assay of these cells may provide a biomarker for activity and progression of IPF. METHODS Fibrocytes were defined as cells positive for CD45 and collagen-1 by flow cytometry and quantified in patients with stable IPF and during acute exacerbation of the disease. We investigated the clinical and prognostic value of fibrocyte counts by comparison with standard clinical parameters and survival. We used healthy age-matched volunteers and patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome as control subjects. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Fibrocytes were significantly elevated in patients with stable IPF (n = 51), with a further increase during acute disease exacerbation (n = 7; P < 0.001 vs. control subjects). Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (n = 10) were not different from healthy control subjects or stable patients with IPF. Fibrocyte numbers were not correlated with lung function or radiologic severity scores, but they were an independent predictor of early mortality. The mean survival of patients with fibrocytes higher than 5% of total blood leukocytes was 7.5 months compared with 27 months for patients with less than 5% (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Fibrocytes are an indicator for disease activity of IPF and might be useful as a clinical marker for disease progression. This study suggests that quantification of circulating fibrocytes may allow prediction of early mortality in patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Moeller
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, and Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6 Canada
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Kelly MM, Leigh R, Gilpin SE, Cheng E, Martin GEM, Radford K, Cox G, Gauldie J. Cell-specific Gene Expression in Patients with Usual Interstitial Pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174:557-65. [PMID: 16728711 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200510-1648oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is characterized by extracellular matrix deposition and the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Fibroblastic foci found in the lung are believed to represent an early stage in the evolution of this disease. OBJECTIVES To compare gene expression profiles in different components of lung tissue (fibroblastic foci, adjacent epithelium, and areas of type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia) from patients with UIP, and contrast these profiles to distal, uninvolved (control) alveolar tissue from patients undergoing lung resection for cancer. METHODS Lung resection tissue (UIP, n = 11; controls, n = 11) was snap-frozen for subsequent laser capture microdissection, followed by mRNA extraction, linear amplification, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS In patients with UIP, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloprotease-1 and matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2 gene expression was up-regulated within the fibroblastic foci compared with the overlying epithelium (p = 0.03, p = 0.02), and to control alveoli (p = 0.001, p = 0.04), respectively. MMP-9 and MMP-7, as well as osteopontin, were up-regulated in fibroblastic foci (p = 0.01, p = 0.08, p = 0.08), the adjacent epithelium (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.03), and the hyperplastic type 2 pneumocytes (p = 0.02, p = 0.001, p = 0.08), respectively, compared with control alveoli. CONCLUSION Altered gene expression of important profibrotic mediators in the different cellular lung compartments in patients with UIP likely plays an important role in pathogenesis of the deranged extracellular matrix deposition and subsequent fibrosis in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Kelly
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Gene Therapeutics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 3Z5
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