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Elsewedy HS, Shehata TM, Genedy SM, Siddiq KM, Asiri BY, Alshammari RA, Bukhari SI, Kola-Mustapha AT, Ramadan HA, Soliman WE. Enhancing the Topical Antibacterial Activity of Fusidic Acid via Embedding into Cinnamon Oil Nano-Lipid Carrier. Gels 2024; 10:268. [PMID: 38667687 PMCID: PMC11049292 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Presently, antimicrobial resistance is of great risk to remarkable improvements in health conditions and infection management. Resistance to various antibiotics has been considered a great obstacle in their usage, necessitating alternative strategies for enhancing the antibacterial effect. Combination therapy has been recognized as a considerable strategy that could improve the therapeutic influence of antibacterial agents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to combine the antibacterial action of compounds of natural origin like fusidic acid (FA) and cinnamon essential oil (CEO) for synergistic effects. A distinctive nanoemulsion (NE) was developed using cinnamon oil loaded with FA. Applying the Box-Behnken design (BBD) approach, one optimized formula was selected and integrated into a gel base to provide an FA-NE-hydrogel for optimal topical application. The FA-NE-hydrogel was examined physically, studied for in vitro release, and investigated for stability upon storage at different conditions, at room (25 °C) and refrigerator (4 °C) temperatures, for up to 3 months. Ultimately, the NE-hydrogel preparation was inspected for its antibacterial behavior using multidrug-resistant bacteria and checked by scanning electron microscopy. The FA-NE-hydrogel formulation demonstrated a pH (6.32), viscosity (12,680 cP), and spreadability (56.7 mm) that are acceptable for topical application. The in vitro release could be extended for 6 h, providing 52.0%. The formulation was stable under both test conditions for up to 3 months of storage. Finally, the FA-NE-hydrogel was found to inhibit the bacterial growth of not only Gram-positive but also Gram-negative bacteria. The inhibition was further elucidated by a scanning electron micrograph, indicating the efficiency of CEO in enhancing the antibacterial influence of FA when combined in an NE system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba S. Elsewedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamer M. Shehata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Alhofuf 36362, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa M. Genedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khuzama M. Siddiq
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bushra Y. Asiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab A. Alshammari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeola T. Kola-Mustapha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240003, Nigeria
| | - Heba A. Ramadan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Mansoura 11152, Egypt
| | - Wafaa E. Soliman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Mansoura 11152, Egypt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Alhofuf 36362, Saudi Arabia
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Alkathiri FA, Bukhari SI, Imam SS, Alshehri S, Mahdi WA. Formulation of silymarin binary and ternary solid dispersions: Characterization, simulation study and cell viability assessment against lung cancer cell line. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23221. [PMID: 38163135 PMCID: PMC10756988 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Silymarin (SL) is a water-insoluble flavonoid used in the treatment of different diseases, but its therapeutic activity is limited due to its low solubility. So, in the present study, SL solid dispersions (SDs) were developed using different carriers like Kollidone VA64 (KL), Soluplus (SP), and Poloxamer 188 (PL) by solvent evaporation (SE), microwave irradiation (MI), and freeze-drying (FD) methods. The phase solubility and saturation solubility studies were assessed to estimate the stability constant as well as the carrier effect. The dissolution studies were performed for prepared SL-SDs (binary and ternary) to select the optimum SL-SDs. The selected SL-SDs (F5, F9) were further characterized for infrared spectroscopy (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Finally, the comparative cell viability assay (lung cancer cell line) was performed to evaluate the change in activity after the formulation of SDs. The phase solubility and solubility study results displayed marked enhancements in solubility. The dissolution study findings showed significant enhancement in drug release from ternary solid dispersions (F7-F9) > ternary physical mixture (PM3) > binary solid dispersions (F1-F6) > binary physical mixture (PM1, PM2) in comparison to free SL. A greater release was observed from ternary SDs due to the addition of PL in the formulation, which had a synergistic effect on increasing the solubility. IR and NMR spectra revealed no chemical interaction between SL, KL, and PL. DSC, XRD, and SEM all confirmed the transformation of crystalline SL into amorphous SL. The cell viability assay demonstrated significantly enhanced results from ternary solid dispersion (F9) compared to free SL. Based on the study results, it can be said that SL-SDs are an alternative way to deliver drugs orally that can improve solubility and have anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fai A. Alkathiri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael A. Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Jamal K, Al-Taweel A, Bukhari SI, Orfali R, Moubayed NMS, Al-Qahtani J, Aati H, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Peng J, Perveen S. Isochlorogenic Acid Glucosides from the Arabian Medicinal Plant Artemisia sieberi and Their Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:7460. [PMID: 38005182 PMCID: PMC10673327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of the stems of the Arabian plant Artemisia sieberi afforded three new isochlorogenic acid derivatives, namely isochlorogenic acid A-3'-O-β-glucopyranoside (1), isochlorogenic acid A-3'-O-β-glucopyranoside methyl ester (2), and isochlorogenic acid C-3'-O-β-glucopyranoside (3), obtained along with thirteen known secondary metabolites belonging to distinct structural classes. The structures of the new metabolites were elucidated by modern spectroscopic techniues based on high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS) and 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). All isolated compounds were tested for their potential antimicrobial activity against four different bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), in addition to a fungal strain (Candida tropicalis), The results were expressed as the diameter of the clear zone (in millimetres) around each well. Compounds 1 and 3 (isochlorogenic acid A-3'-O-β-glucopyranoside and isochlorogenic acid C-3'-O-β-glucopyranoside, respectively) displayed remarkable antifungal effect and potent antibacterial activities against B. subtilis and S. aureus, respectively. 3α,4α-10β-trihydroxy-8α-acetyloxyguaian-12,6α-olide (6) and angelicoidenol 2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (9) emerged as interesting dual antibacterial (selective on P. aeruginosa)/antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khlood Jamal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Baha University, P.O. Box 26553, Taif 3442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Areej Al-Taweel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-T.); (R.O.); (J.A.-Q.); (H.A.)
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-T.); (R.O.); (J.A.-Q.); (H.A.)
| | - Nadine M. S. Moubayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jawaher Al-Qahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-T.); (R.O.); (J.A.-Q.); (H.A.)
| | - Hanan Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-T.); (R.O.); (J.A.-Q.); (H.A.)
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Jiangnan Peng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA;
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA;
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Alsubaiyel AM, Bukhari SI. Computational exploration and design of a multi-epitopes vaccine construct against Chlamydia psittaci. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37897717 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2268173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia psittaci is an intracellular pathogen and causes variety of deadly infections in humans. Antibiotics are effective against C. psittaci however high percentage of resistant strains have been reported in recent times. As there is no licensed vaccine, we used in-silico techniques to design a multi-epitopes vaccine against C. psittaci. Following a step-wise protocol, the proteome of available 26 strains was retrieved and filtered for subcellular localized proteins. Five proteins were selected (2 extracellular and 3 outer membrane) and were further analyzed for B-cell and T-cell epitopes prediction. Epitopes were further checked for antigenicity, solubility, stability, toxigenicity, allergenicity, and adhesive properties. Filtered epitopes were linked via linkers and the 3D structure of the designed vaccine construct was predicted. Binding of the designed vaccine with immune receptors: MHC-I, MHC-II, and TLR-4 was analyzed, which resulted in docking energy scores of -4.37 kcal/mol, -0.20 kcal/mol and -22.38 kcal/mol, respectively. Further, the docked complexes showed stable dynamics with a maximum value of vaccine-MHC-I complex (7.8 Å), vaccine-MHC-II complex (6.2 Å) and vaccine-TLR4 complex (5.2 Å). As per the results, the designed vaccine construct reported robust immune responses to protect the host against C. psittaci infections. In the study, the C. psittaci proteomes were considered in pan-genome analysis to extract core proteins. The pan-genome analysis was conducted using bacterial pan-genome analysis (BPGA) software. The core proteins were checked further for non-redundant proteins using a CD-Hit server. Surface localized proteins were investigated using PSORTb v 3.0. The surface proteins were BLASTp against Virulence Factor Data Base (VFDB) to predict virulent factors. Antigenicity prediction of the shortlisted proteins was further done using VAXIGEN v 2.0. The epitope mapping was done using the immune epitope database (IEDB). A multi-epitopes vaccine was built and a 3D structure was generated using 3Dprot online server. The docking analysis of the designed vaccine with immune receptors was carried out using PATCHDOCK. Molecular dynamics and post-simulation analyses were carried out using AMBER v20 to decipher the dynamics stability and intermolecular binding energies of the docked complexes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Alsubaiyel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Mounir R, Alshareef WA, El Gebaly EA, El-Haddad AE, Ahmed AMS, Mohamed OG, Enan ET, Mosallam S, Tripathi A, Selim HMRM, Bukhari SI, Alfaraj R, Ragab GM, El-Gazar AA, El-Emam SZ. Unlocking the Power of Onion Peel Extracts: Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Effects Improve Wound Healing through Repressing Notch-1/NLRP3/Caspase-1 Signaling. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1379. [PMID: 37895850 PMCID: PMC10609719 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Onion peels are often discarded, representing an unlimited amount of food by-products; however, they are a valuable source of bioactive phenolics. Thus, we utilized UPLC-MS/MS to analyze the metabolomic profiles of red (RO) and yellow (YO) onion peel extracts. The cytotoxic (SRB assay), anti-inflammatory (Griess assay), and antimicrobial (sensitivity test, MIC, antibiofilm, and SP-SDS tests) properties were assessed in vitro. Additionally, histological analysis, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA tests were conducted to investigate the healing potential in excisional skin wound injury and Candida albicans infection in vivo. RO extract demonstrated antibacterial activity, limited skin infection with C. albicans, and improved the skin's appearance due to the abundance of quercetin and anthocyanin derivatives. Both extracts reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide release in vitro and showed a negligible cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 and HT29 cells. When extracts were tested in vivo for their ability to promote tissue regeneration, it was found that YO peel extract had the greatest impact. Further biochemical analysis revealed that YO extract suppressed NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling and decreased inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, YO extract decreased Notch-1 levels and boosted VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. Our findings imply that onion peel extract can effectively treat wounds by reducing microbial infection, reducing inflammation, and promoting tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafik Mounir
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12585, Egypt;
| | - Walaa A. Alshareef
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt; (W.A.A.); (E.A.E.G.)
| | - Eman A. El Gebaly
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt; (W.A.A.); (E.A.E.G.)
| | - Alaadin E. El-Haddad
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt;
| | - Abdallah M. Said Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt; (A.M.S.A.); (A.A.E.-G.)
| | - Osama G. Mohamed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Eman T. Enan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Mosallam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt
| | - Ashootosh Tripathi
- Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M. Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Maarefa University, Diriyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia;
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls); Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Rihaf Alfaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.B.); (R.A.)
| | - Ghada M. Ragab
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12585, Egypt;
| | - Amira A. El-Gazar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt; (A.M.S.A.); (A.A.E.-G.)
| | - Soad Z. El-Emam
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt; (A.M.S.A.); (A.A.E.-G.)
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Zaghloul SA, Hashem SN, El-Sayed SR, Badawy MSEM, Bukhari SI, Selim HMRM, Riad OKM. Evaluation of the Cariogenic and Anti-Cariogenic Potential of Human Colostrum and Colostrum-Derived Probiotics: Impact on S. mutans Growth, Biofilm Formation, and L. rhamnosus Growth. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1869. [PMID: 37763274 PMCID: PMC10532731 DOI: 10.3390/life13091869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human colostrum (HC) is essential for oral health as it is rich in probiotics that could affect the growth of the cariogenic S. mutans and its biofilm formation; hindering dental caries in advance. In this study, HC was collected from 36 healthy mothers 1-3 days postpartum. The effect of HC on oral health was carried out by assessing the impact of HC and its derived probiotics' cell-free supernatants (CFS) on the growth of S. mutans (using modified well diffusion) and its biofilm formation (using microtiter plate assay). Moreover, the effect of whole HC on L. rhamnosus, a probiotic oral bacterium, was examined. Probiotics were isolated and identified phenotypically by API 50 CH carbohydrate fermentation and genotypically by 16S rRNA amplification. The in vitro study revealed that HC has cariogenic activity and is associated with biofilm formation. Biofilm strength was inversely proportional to HC dilution (p-value < 0.0001). Nevertheless, HC and colostrum-derived probiotics improve oral health by inhibiting the growth of caries-inducing S. mutans with lower inhibition to L. rhamnosus probiotics. The CFS of isolated probiotics reduced the biofilm formation via the cariogenic S. mutans. These results are not only promising for caries eradication, but they also highlight the importance of breastfeeding infants from their first hours to shape healthy oral microbiota, protecting them from various diseases including dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaa A. Zaghloul
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11765, Egypt;
| | - Sara N. Hashem
- Department of Pedodontics and Oral Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Safaa R. El-Sayed
- Department of Pedodontics and Oral Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Mona Shaban E. M. Badawy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (M.S.E.M.B.); (O.K.M.R.)
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M. Selim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (M.S.E.M.B.); (O.K.M.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Maarefa University, Diriyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omnia Karem M. Riad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; (M.S.E.M.B.); (O.K.M.R.)
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Alshehri S, Bukhari SI, Imam SS, Hussain A, Alghaith AF, Altamimi MA, AlAbdulkarim AS, Almurshedi A. Formulation of Piperine-Loaded Nanoemulsion: In Vitro Characterization, Ex Vivo Evaluation, and Cell Viability Assessment. ACS Omega 2023; 8:22406-22413. [PMID: 37396261 PMCID: PMC10308402 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Piperine is an alkaloid, but its therapeutic efficacy is limited due to poor aqueous solubility. In this study, piperine nanoemulsions were prepared using oleic acid (oil), Cremophore EL (surfactant), and Tween 80 (co-surfactant) using the high-energy ultrasonication approach. The optimal nanoemulsion (N2) was further evaluated using transmission electron microscopy, release, permeation, antibacterial, and cell viability studies based on minimal droplet size and maximum encapsulation efficiency. The prepared nanoemulsions (N1-N6) showed a transmittance of more than 95%, a mean droplet size between 105 ± 4.11 and 250 ± 7.4 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.19 to 0.36, and a ζ potential of -19 to -39 mV. The optimized nanoemulsion (N2) showed significantly improved drug release and permeation compared with pure piperine dispersion. The nanoemulsions were stable in the tested media. The transmission electron microscopy image showed a spherical and dispersed nanoemulsion droplet. The antibacterial and cell line results of piperine nanoemulsions were significantly better than the pure piperine dispersion. The findings suggested that piperine nanoemulsions may be a more advanced nanodrug delivery system than conventional ones.
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Elshimy R, Khawagi WY, Naguib IA, Bukhari SI, El-Shiekh RA. 9-Methoxyellipticine: Antibacterial Bioactive Compound Isolated from Ochrosia elliptica Labill. Roots. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050643. [PMID: 37233684 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial resistance bears a major threat to human health worldwide, causing about 1.2 million deaths per year. It is noteworthy that carbazole derivatives have shown a potential antibacterial activity, for example, 9-methoxyellipticine, which was isolated from Ochrosia elliptica Labill. roots (Apocynaceae) in the present study. An in vitro screening of the antibacterial activity of 9-methoxyellipticine was investigated against four multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC O157) as Gram-negative bacteria, in addition to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with Bacillus cereus as Gram-positive bacteria. The compound had significant antibacterial activity against the two Gram-negative isolates and lower activity against the Gram-positive ones. The synergistic use of 9-methoxyellipticine and antibiotics was successfully effective in reducing the MDR microorganisms. Lung pneumonia and kidney infection mice models were used to investigate the compound's efficacy in vivo for the first time. Noteworthy reductions in K. pneumoniae and STEC shedding and the colonization were observed, with a reduction in pro-inflammatory factors and immunoglobulin levels. Other related lesions such as inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar interstitial congestion, and edema were noticed to occur, lessened to different limits. The anti-STEC and anti-K. pneumoniae activities of 9-methoxyellipticine were revealed, providing a new alternative against MDR nosocomial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Elshimy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza 12451, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Egyptian Drug Authority, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Wael Y Khawagi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
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9
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El-Shiekh RA, Elhemely MA, Naguib IA, Bukhari SI, Elshimy R. Luteolin 4′-Neohesperidoside Inhibits Clinically Isolated Resistant Bacteria In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062609. [PMID: 36985581 PMCID: PMC10053799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) pathogens are usually associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates. Flavonoids are good candidates for the development of new potential antimicrobials. This research investigated whether luteolin 4′-neohesperidoside (L4N) has antibacterial and synergistic activities against four antibiotic-resistant pathogens: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae, fosA-positive shiga toxin producing the Escherichia coli serogroup O111 (STEC O111), and Bacillus cereus. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed highly potent anti-MRSA (MIC of 106.66 ± 6.95 µg/mL), anti-K. pneumoniae (MIC of 53.33 ± 8.47 µg/mL) and anti-STEC O111 (MIC of 26.66 ± 5.23 µg/mL) activities. Significant synergistic combination was clearly noted in the case of gentamycin (GEN) against Gram-negative bacteria. In the case of B. cereus, the combination of vancomycin (VAN) with L4N could efficiently inhibit bacterial growth, despite the pathogen being VAN-resistant (MIC of 213.33 ± 7.9 µg/mL). In vivo evaluation of L4N showed significant decreases in K. pneumoniae and STEC shedding and colonization. Treatment could significantly diminish the levels of pro-inflammatory markers, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and immunoglobulin (IgM). Additionally, the renal and pulmonary lesions were remarkably enhanced, with a significant decrease in the bacterial loads in the tissues. Finally, this study presents L4N as a potent substitute for traditional antibiotics with anti-STEC O111 and anti-K. pneumoniae potential, a finding which is reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham A. El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Correspondence: (R.A.E.-S.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Mai A. Elhemely
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Correspondence: (R.A.E.-S.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Ibrahim A. Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Elshimy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza 12451, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Egyptian Drug Authority, Giza 12511, Egypt
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10
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Ali A, Mir MUR, Ganie SA, Mushtaq S, Bukhari SI, Alshehri S, Rashid SM, Mir TM, Rehman MU. Milk-Compositional Study of Metabolites and Pathogens in the Milk of Bovine Animals Affected with Subclinical Mastitis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238631. [PMID: 36500724 PMCID: PMC9738622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine milk is an important food component in the human diet due to its nutrient-rich metabolites. However, bovine subclinical mastitis alters the composition and quality of milk. In present study, California mastitis testing, somatic cell count, pH, and electrical conductivity were used as confirmatory tests to detect subclinical mastitis. The primary goal was to study metabolome and identify major pathogens in cows with subclinical mastitis. In this study, 29 metabolites were detected in milk using gas chromatography−mass spectrometry. Volatile acidic compounds, such as hexanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, lauric acid, octanoic acid, n-decanoic acid, tricosanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, and hypogeic acid were found in milk samples, and these impart good flavor to the milk. Metaboanalyst tool was used for metabolic pathway analysis and principal component estimation. In this study, EC and pH values in milk were significantly increased (p < 0.0001), whereas fat (p < 0.04) and protein (p < 0.0002) significantly decreased in animals with subclinical mastitis in comparison to healthy animals. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen found (n = 54), followed by Escherichia coli (n = 30). Furthermore, antibiotic sensitivity revealed that Staphylococcus aureus was more sensitive to gentamicin (79.6%), whereas Escherichia coli showed more sensitivity to doxycycline hydrochloride (80%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarif Ali
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shuhama Campus (Alusteng), Ganderbal 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Manzoor Ur Rahman Mir
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shuhama Campus (Alusteng), Ganderbal 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Showkat Ahmad Ganie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Saima Mushtaq
- Veterinary Microbiology Department, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarah I Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahzada Mudasir Rashid
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shuhama Campus (Alusteng), Ganderbal 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tahir Maqbool Mir
- National Centre for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Shaikh B, Bhatti MA, Shah AA, Tahira A, Shah AK, Usto A, Aftab U, Bukhari SI, Alshehri S, Shah Bukhari SNU, Tonezzer M, Vigolo B, Ibhupoto ZH. Mn 3O 4@ZnO Hybrid Material: An Excellent Photocatalyst for the Degradation of Synthetic Dyes including Methylene Blue, Methyl Orange and Malachite Green. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:3754. [PMID: 36364529 PMCID: PMC9657031 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized hybrid systems based on manganese oxide@zinc oxide (Mn3O4@ZnO), using sol gel and hydrothermal methods. The hybrid materials exhibited hierarchical morphologies and structures characterized by the hexagonal phase of ZnO and the tetragonal phase of Mn3O4. The hybrid materials were tested for degradation of methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and malachite green (MG) under ultraviolet (UV) light illumination. The aim of this work was to observe the effect of various amounts of Mn3O4 in enhancing the photocatalytic properties of ZnO-based hybrid structures towards the degradation of MB, MO and MG. The ZnO photocatalyst showed better performance with an increasing amount of Mn3O4, and the degradation efficiency for the hybrid material containing the maximum amount of Mn3O4 was found to be 94.59%, 89.99%, and 97.40% for MB, MO and MG, respectively. The improvement in the performance of hybrid materials can be attributed to the high charge separation rate of electron-hole pairs, the co-catalytic role, the large number of catalytic sites, and the synergy for the production of high quantities of oxidizing radicals. The performance obtained from the various Mn3O4@ZnO hybrid materials suggest that Mn3O4 can be considered an effective co-catalyst for a wide range of photocatalytic materials such as titanium dioxide, tin oxide, and carbon-based materials, in developing practical hybrid photocatalysts for the degradation of dyes and for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benazir Shaikh
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Bhatti
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Ahmed Shah
- Wet Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Tahira
- Dr. M.A Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Karim Shah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Azam Usto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Umair Aftab
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 7680, Pakistan
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Nizam Uddin Shah Bukhari
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, School of Material Science, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Matteo Tonezzer
- IMEM-CNR, Sede di Trento-FBK, Via alla Cascata 56/C, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Brigitte Vigolo
- Institut Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, F-54000 Nancy, France
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12
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Ghoneim MM, Al-Serwi RH, El-Sherbiny M, El-ghaly ESM, Hamad AE, Abdelgawad MA, Ragab EA, Bukhari SI, Bukhari K, Elokely K, Nael MA. Proposed Mechanism for Emodin as Agent for Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: In Vitro Testing and In Silico Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4490-4499. [PMID: 36286022 PMCID: PMC9600265 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for a new anti-MRSA lead compound, emodin was identified as a good lead against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Emodin serves as a new scaffold to design novel and effective anti-MRSA agents. Because rational drug discovery is limited by the knowledge of the drug target, α-hemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus was used in this study because it has an essential role in Staphylococcus infections and because emodin shares structural features with compounds that target this enzyme. In order to explore emodin’s interactions with α-hemolysin, all possible ligand binding pockets were identified and investigated. Two ligand pockets were detected based on bound ligands and other reports. The third pocket was identified as a cryptic site after molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations were conducted for emodin in each pocket to identify the most plausible ligand site and to aid in the design of potent anti-MRSA agents. Binding of emodin to site 1 was most stable (RMSD changes within 1 Å), while in site 2, the binding pose of emodin fluctuated, and it left after 20 ns. In site 3, it was stable during the first 50 ns, and then it started to move out of the binding site. Site 1 is a possible ligand binding pocket, and this study sheds more light on interaction types, binding mode, and key amino acids involved in ligand binding essential for better lead design. Emodin showed an IC50 value of 6.3 μg/mL, while 1, 6, and 8 triacetyl emodin showed no activity against MRSA. A molecular modeling study was pursued to better understand effective binding requirements for a lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Hamed Al-Serwi
- Department of Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-sayed M. El-ghaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Amal E. Hamad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koum 32511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab A. Ragab
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulud Bukhari
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 36362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Elokely
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence: (K.E.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Manal A. Nael
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Correspondence: (K.E.); (M.A.N.)
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13
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Ahmed MM, Anwer MK, Soliman GA, Aldawsari MF, Mohammed AA, Alshehri S, Ghoneim MM, Alali AS, Alshetaili A, Alalaiwe A, Bukhari SI, Zafar A. Application of hydrophilic polymers for the preparation of tadalafil solid dispersions: micromeritics properties, release and erectile dysfunction studies in male rats. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13482. [PMID: 35642201 PMCID: PMC9148559 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to improve the dissolution rate and aphrodisiac activity of tadalafil by using hydrophilic polymers. Solid dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation-Rota evaporator using Koliphore 188, Kollidon® VA64, and Kollidon® 30 polymers in a 1:1 ratio. Prepared tadalafil-solid dispersions (SDs) evaluated for yield, drug content, micromeritics properties, physicochemical characterizations, and aphrodisiac activity assessment. The optimized SDs TK188 showed size (2.175 ± 0.24 µm), percentage of content (98.89 ± 1.23%), yield (87.27 ± 3.13%), bulk density (0.496 ± 0.005 g/cm3), true density (0.646 ± 0.003 g/cm3), Carr's index (23.25 ± 0.81), Hausner ratio (1.303 ± 0.003) and angle of repose (<25°). FTIR spectrums revealed tadalafil doesn't chemically interact with used polymers. XRD and DSC analysis represents TK188 SDs were in the amorphous state. Drug release was 97.17 ± 2.43% for TK188, whereas it was 32.76 ± 2.65% for pure drug at the end of 2 h with 2.96-fold increase in dissolution and followed release kinetics of Korsmeyer Peppa's model. MDT and DE were noted to be 17.48 minutes and 84.53%, respectively. Furthermore, TK188 SDs showed relative improvement in the sexual behavior of the male rats. Thus the developed SDs TK188 could be potential tadalafil carriers for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Pharmaceutics, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A. Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia,Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Abdul Aleem Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer S. Alali
- Pharmaceutics, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alshetaili
- Pharmaceutics, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alalaiwe
- Pharmaceutics, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf Saudi Arabia
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14
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Moubayed NM, Al Houri HJ, Bukhari SI. Turbinaria ornata and its associated epiphytic Bacillus sp. A promising molecule supplier to discover new natural product approaches. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:2532-2540. [PMID: 35531156 PMCID: PMC9072896 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine ecosystems are highly dependent on macroalgea in providing food and shelter for aquatic organisms, interacting with many bacteria and mostly producing secondary metabolites of potent therapeutic antibacterial property. Screening of marine microbial secondary metabolites of valuable biotechnological and therapeutical applications are now extensively studied. In this study, Bacillus spp. identified by DNA sequencing and found associated with Turbinaria ornata, was screened and characterized for its cell free supernatant (CFS) possible antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications. Among the 7 microbial isolates tested, CFS greatly affected Bacillus subitilis (12 mm) and inhibited equally the yeast isolates Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata (10 mm) and had no or negligible effect on S.aureus, E.coli, P. aeruginosa. As for the CFS antibiofilm activity, no difference was revealed from the positive control. Algal crude extracts (methanol, acetone and aqueous), on the other hand, were similarly tested for their antimicrobial activity against the seven microbial isolates, where highest activity was observed with the aqueous crude extract against Staphylococcus aureus(10 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9 mm) compared to the negligible effects of methanol and acetone crude extracts. Chemical analysis was performed to reveal the major constituents of both crude algal extracts and Bacillus spp. CFS. FTIR spectrum of the bacterial CFS indicated the presence of bacteriocin as the major lipopeptide responsible for its biological activity. Whereas, methanol and water crude algal extract GC-MS spectra revealed different chemical groups of various combined therapeutical activity mainly Naphthalene, amino ethane-sulfonic acid, pyrlene, Biotin and mercury chloromethyl correspondingly. Thus, the present study, demonstrated the moderate activity of both crude algal extract and the bacterial CFS, however, further investigations are needed for a better biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine M.S. Moubayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Science College, Female Campus, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel J. Al Houri
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Science College, Female Campus, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Imam SS, Alshehri S, Altamimi MA, Almalki RKH, Hussain A, Bukhari SI, Mahdi WA, Qamar W. Formulation of Chitosan-Coated Apigenin Bilosomes: In Vitro Characterization, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Assessment. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050921. [PMID: 35267744 PMCID: PMC8912891 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We prepared apigenin (APG)-loaded bilosomes (BLs) and evaluated them for vesicle size, zeta-potential and encapsulation efficiency. The formulations were prepared with cholesterol (CHL), sodium deoxy cholate (SDC), Tween 80 (T80) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) using solvent evaporation method. The prepared formulations showed the optimum result was coated with much mucoadhesive polymer chitosan (CH, 0.25 and 0.5% w/v). The chitosan-coated bilosomes (CH-BLs) were further evaluated for surface morphology, drug−polymer interaction, mucoadhesion, permeation, antimicrobial activity and cell viability. The prepared APG-BLs showed nano-metric size (211 ± 2.87 nm to 433 ± 1.98 nm), polydispersibility index <0.5, negative zeta potential (−15 to −29 mV) and enhanced encapsulation efficiency (69.5 ± 0.93 to 81.9 ± 1.3%). Based on these findings, selected formulation (F2) was further coated with chitosan and showed a marked increase in vesicle size (298 ± 3.56 nm), a positive zeta potential (+17 mV), superior encapsulation efficiency (88.1 ± 1.48%) and improved drug release (69.37 ± 1.34%). Formulation F2C1 showed significantly enhanced permeation and mucoadhesion (p < 0.05) compared to formulation F2 due to the presence of CH as a mucoadhesive polymer. The presence of CH on the surfaces of BLs helps to open the tight membrane junctions and leads to enhanced permeation. A TEM study revealed non-aggregated smooth surface vesicles. The antimicrobial and cell viability assessment revealed better effects in terms of zone of inhibition and cell line assessment against two different cancer cell line. From the study, it can be concluded that APG-CHBLs could be a superior alternative to conventional delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.I.); (M.A.A.); (R.K.H.A.); (A.H.); (S.I.B.); (W.A.M.)
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.I.); (M.A.A.); (R.K.H.A.); (A.H.); (S.I.B.); (W.A.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammad A. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.I.); (M.A.A.); (R.K.H.A.); (A.H.); (S.I.B.); (W.A.M.)
| | - Raed Khalid Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.I.); (M.A.A.); (R.K.H.A.); (A.H.); (S.I.B.); (W.A.M.)
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.I.); (M.A.A.); (R.K.H.A.); (A.H.); (S.I.B.); (W.A.M.)
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.I.); (M.A.A.); (R.K.H.A.); (A.H.); (S.I.B.); (W.A.M.)
| | - Wael A. Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.I.); (M.A.A.); (R.K.H.A.); (A.H.); (S.I.B.); (W.A.M.)
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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16
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Bukhari SI, Imam SS, Ahmad MZ, Vuddanda PR, Alshehri S, Mahdi WA, Ahmad J. Recent Progress in Lipid Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics: Opportunity and Challenges. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:840. [PMID: 34200251 PMCID: PMC8226834 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major leading causes of mortality in the world. The implication of nanotherapeutics in cancer has garnered splendid attention owing to their capability to efficiently address various difficulties associated with conventional drug delivery systems such as non-specific biodistribution, poor efficacy, and the possibility of occurrence of multi-drug resistance. Amongst a plethora of nanocarriers for drugs, this review emphasized lipidic nanocarrier systems for delivering anticancer therapeutics because of their biocompatibility, safety, high drug loading and capability to simultaneously carrying imaging agent and ligands as well. Furthermore, to date, the lack of interaction between diagnosis and treatment has hampered the efforts of the nanotherapeutic approach alone to deal with cancer effectively. Therefore, a novel paradigm with concomitant imaging (with contrasting agents), targeting (with biomarkers), and anticancer agent being delivered in one lipidic nanocarrier system (as cancer theranostics) seems to be very promising in overcoming various hurdles in effective cancer treatment. The major obstacles that are supposed to be addressed by employing lipidic theranostic nanomedicine include nanomedicine reach to tumor cells, drug internalization in cancer cells for therapeutic intervention, off-site drug distribution, and uptake via the host immune system. A comprehensive account of recent research updates in the field of lipidic nanocarrier loaded with therapeutic and diagnostic agents is covered in the present article. Nevertheless, there are notable hurdles in the clinical translation of the lipidic theranostic nanomedicines, which are also highlighted in the present review along with plausible countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.B.); (S.S.I.); (S.A.); (W.A.M.)
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.B.); (S.S.I.); (S.A.); (W.A.M.)
| | - Mohammad Zaki Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Parameswara Rao Vuddanda
- Research Centre for Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology (TDDT), University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire AL10 9AB, UK;
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.B.); (S.S.I.); (S.A.); (W.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Almaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael A. Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.B.); (S.S.I.); (S.A.); (W.A.M.)
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia;
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Hussain A, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Bukhari SI, Almaniea MA. Application of Green Nanoemulsion for Elimination of Rifampicin from a Bulk Aqueous Solution. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:5835. [PMID: 34071692 PMCID: PMC8199170 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to prepare green nanoemulsion (GNE) multi-components ((water/dimethyl sulfoxide-transcutol/isopropyl alcohol/capmul MCM C8 (CMC8)) to remove rifampicin (RIF) from a contaminated aqueous bulk solution. Pseudo ternary phase diagrams dictated several batches of GNE prepared following the reported method. Selected nanoemulsions (NF1-NF5) were characterized for morphology, globular size, size distribution (polydispersity index, PDI), viscosity, zeta potential, refractive index (RI), and free-thaw kinetic stability. They were investigated for percent removal efficiency (%RE) of RIF from the bulk aqueous solution for varied time intervals (10-60 min). Finally, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX) and inductive coupled plasma-optical emission system (ICP-OE) were used to confirm the extraction of trace content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and others in the treated water. Considering the data obtained for globule size, PDI, viscosity, zeta potential, freeze-thaw stability, and refractive index, NF5 was the most suitable for RIF removal. The largest %RE value (91.7%) was related to NF5, which may be prudent to correlate with the lowest value (~39 nm) of size (maximum surface area available for contact adsorption), PDI (0.112), and viscosity (82 cP). Moreover, %RE was profoundly influenced by the content of CMC8 and the aqueous phase. These two phases had immense impact on the viscosity, size, and RI. The percent content of water, Smix, and CMC8 were 15% w/w), 60% w/w, and 25% w/w, respectively in NF5. SEM-EDX and ICP-OE confirmed the absence of DMSO and other hydrophilic components in the treated water. Thus, efficient NF5 could be a promising option to the conventional method to decontaminate the polluted aqueous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (W.A.M.); (S.A.); (S.I.B.); (M.A.A.)
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18
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Mahdi WA, Hussain A, Altamimi MA, Alshehri S, Bukhari SI, Ahsan MN. Experimental Solubility, Thermodynamic/Computational Validations, and GastroPlus-Based In Silico Prediction for Subcutaneous Delivery of Rifampicin. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:116. [PMID: 33763801 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We focused to explore a suitable solvent for rifampicin (RIF) recommended for subcutaneous (sub-Q) delivery [ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PG), tween 20, polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG400), oleic acid (OA), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), cremophor-EL (CEL), ethyl oleate (EO), methanol, and glycerol] followed by computational validations and in-silico prediction using GastroPlus. The experimental solubility was conducted over temperature ranges T = 298.2-318.2 K) and fixed pressure (p = 0.1 MPa) followed by validation employing computational models (Apelblat, and van't Hoff). Moreover, the HSPiP solubility software provided the Hansen solubility parameters. At T = 318.2K, the estimated maximum solubility (in term of mole fraction) values of the drug were in order of NMP (11.9 × 10-2) ˃ methanol (6.8 × 10-2) ˃ PEG400 (4.8 × 10-2) ˃ tween 20 (3.4 × 10-2). The drug dissolution was endothermic process and entropy driven as evident from "apparent thermodynamic analysis". The activity coefficients confirmed facilitated RIF-NMP interactions for increased solubility among them. Eventually, GastroPlus predicted the impact of critical input parameters on major pharmacokinetics responses after sub-Q delivery as compared to oral delivery. Thus, NMP may be the best solvent for sub-Q delivery of RIF to treat skin tuberculosis (local and systemic) and cutaneous related disease at explored concentration.
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Mahdi WA, Hussain A, Ramzan M, Faruk A, Bukhari SI, Dev A. Correction to: Pluronic-Coated Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles for Colon Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil: In vitro and Ex vivo Studies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:80. [PMID: 33619609 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01954-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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20
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Mahdi WA, Hussain A, Ramzan M, Faruk A, Bukhari SI, Dev A. Pluronic-Coated Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles for Colon Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil: In vitro and Ex vivo Studies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:64. [PMID: 33533992 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01922-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to prepare 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-loaded biogenic gold nanoparticles with pluronic-based coating (PFGNPs), their optimization (full factorial predicted OBPN-1) and in vitro-ex vivo evaluation. Several formulations were prepared, selected for optimization using Design Expert®, and compared for morphology, 5-FU release kinetics, compatibility, cell line toxicity, in vitro hemocompatibility, and ex vivo intestinal permeation across the rat duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The pluronic-coated 5-FU-carrying GNPs were spherical, 29.11-178.21 nm in diameter, with a polydispersity index (PDI) range of 0.191-292, and a zeta potential (ZP) range of 11.19-29.21 (-mV). The optimized OBPN-1 (desirability = 0.95) demonstrated optimum size (175.1 nm), %DL as 73.8%, ZP as 21.7 mV, % drug release (DR) as 75.7%, and greater cytotoxicity (viability ~ 8.9%) against the colon cancer cell lines than 5-FU solution (~ 24.91%), and less hemocompatibility. Moreover, OBPN-1 exhibited 4.5-fold permeation across the rat jejunum compared with 5-FU solution. Thus, the PFGNPs exhibit high DL capacity, sustained delivery, hemocompatibility, improved efficacy, and enhanced permeation profiles compared with 5-FU solution and several other NPs preparations suggesting it is a promising formulation for effective colon cancer control with reduced side effects.
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21
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Amina M, Al Musayeib NM, Alarfaj NA, El-Tohamy MF, Oraby HF, Al Hamoud GA, Bukhari SI, Moubayed NMS. Biogenic green synthesis of MgO nanoparticles using Saussurea costus biomasses for a comprehensive detection of their antimicrobial, cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells and photocatalysis potentials. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237567. [PMID: 32797097 PMCID: PMC7428194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinct morphological MgO nanoparticles (MgONPs) were synthesized using biomasses of Saussurea costus roots. The biomass of two varieties of Saussurea costus (Qustal hindi and Qustal bahri) were used in the green synthesis of MgONPs. The physical and chemical features of nanoparticles were confirmed by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The surface morphology of the obtained nanoparticles was detected at different magnifications by SEM and TEM microscopy and the size of nanoparticles were found to be 30 and 34 nm for Qustal hindi and Qustal bahri, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared MgONPs was screened against six pathogenic strains. The synthesized nanoparticles by Qustal bahri biomass exerted significant inhibition zones 15, 16, 18, 17, 14, and 10 mm against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata, S. aureus and B. subtilis as compared to those from Qustal hindi 12, 8 and 17 mm against B. subtilis, E. coli and C. tropicalis, respectively. MgONPs showed a potential cytotoxicity effect against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Cellular investigations of MgONPs revealed that the prepared nanoparticles by Qustal bahri exhibited high cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cancer cell lines. IC50 values in MCF-7 cells were found to be 67.3% and 52.1% for MgONPs of Saussurea costus biomasses, respectively. Also, the photocatalytic activity of MgONPs of each Saussurea costus variety was comparatively studied. They exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue after UV irradiation for 1 h as 92% and 59% for those prepared by Qustal bahri and Qustal hindi, respectively. Outcome of results revealed that the biosynthesized MgONPs showed promising biomedical potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musarat Amina
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal M. Al Musayeib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal A. Alarfaj
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F. El-Tohamy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham F. Oraby
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gadah A. Al Hamoud
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadine M. S. Moubayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Perveen S, Orfali R, Azam MSU, Aati HY, Bukhari K, Bukhari SI, Al-Taweel A. Coronavirus nCOVID-19: A pandemic disease and the Saudi precautions. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:888-897. [PMID: 32641901 PMCID: PMC7299861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Now nCOVID-19 has a foothold in many countries, and the threat of a pandemic situation has risen. Recently a novel coronavirus (nCOVID-19) has first emerged in China, causing multiple symptoms in humans and closely related to those caused by SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome). The nCOVID-19 has reported in Wuhan city of China has recently infected over six million people and at least 0.4 million confirmed deaths all over the world, while 2.8 million people has recovered from this deadly virus. Many instances of this respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection have already reported in more than 216 countries and territories. In contrast, the majority of cases reported in the USA, Brazil, Russia, Spain, UK, Italy, France and many more countries. In today's context, the coronavirus is one of the significant issues faced by the world with plenty of cases. In these circumstances, rapid reviews which recommended by WHO (World Health Organization), and these recommendations are very significant, helpful and cover current data with different preventive measures developed by the Saudi CDC (Saudi Centre for Disease Prevention and Control). This review article describes the possible modes of transmission so that proper preventive actions should be taking. Importantly, this work mentioned the animal reservoir through which may infect humans, and it must be identified to break the transmission chain. In additions, this review paper briefly discussed the spread of the coronavirus in the Arabian Peninsula and what precaution measures are in place by each country to limit the spreading of this virus. Finally, since the number of infected people specifically those with close contact with nCOVID-19 patients is increasing daily and appears unstoppable, we used the preventive measures by pharmacists as part of health care professions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shafiq ul Azam
- Radiodiagnostic and Medical Imaging Department, King Abdul Aziz Airbase Armed Forces Hospital- Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Y. Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulud Bukhari
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Reading, RG6 6AJ, UK
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej Al-Taweel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Bukhari SI, Alfawaz H, Al-Dbass A, Bhat RS, Moubayed NMS, Bukhari W, Hassan SA, Merghani N, Elsamaligy S, El-Ansary A. Efficacy of Novavit in ameliorating the neurotoxicity of propionic acid. Transl Neurosci 2020; 11:134-146. [PMID: 33312719 PMCID: PMC7705989 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2020-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, abnormal fatty acid metabolism, and impaired gut microbiota play a serious role in the pathology of autism. The use of dietary supplements to improve the core symptoms of autism is a common therapeutic strategy. The present study analyzed the effects of oral supplementation with Novavit, a multi-ingredient supplement, on ameliorating oxidative stress and impaired lipid metabolism in a propionic acid (PPA)-induced rodent model of autism. Male western albino rats were divided into three groups. The first group is the control, the second group was given an oral neurotoxic dose of PPA (250 mg/kg body weight/day) for 3 days and then received buffered saline until the end of the experiment. The third group received Novavit (70 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days after the 3-day PPA treatment). Markers of oxidative stress and impaired fatty acid metabolism were measured in brain homogenates obtained from each group. Novavit modulation of the gut microbiota was also evaluated. While PPA induced significant increases in lipid peroxides and 5-lipoxygenase, together with significantly decreased glutathione, and cyclooxygenase 2, oral supplementation with Novavit ameliorated PPA-induced oxidative stress and impaired fatty acid metabolism. Our results showed that the presence of multivitamins, coenzyme Q10, minerals, and colostrum, the major components of Novavit, protects against PPA-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Alfawaz
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Al-Dbass
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramesa Shafi Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadine MS Moubayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wadha Bukhari
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, P O Box 22452, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nada Merghani
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, P O Box 22452, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Elsamaligy
- Department of Pharamaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Afaf El-Ansary
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, P O Box 22452, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Therapeutic Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
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24
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Alfawaz H, Al-Onazi M, Bukhari SI, Binobead M, Othman N, Algahtani N, Bhat RS, Moubayed NMS, Alzeer HS, El-Ansary A. The Independent and Combined Effects of Omega-3 and Vitamin B12 in Ameliorating Propionic Acid Induced Biochemical Features in Juvenile Rats as Rodent Model of Autism. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:403-413. [PMID: 30284229 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1186-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolites of proper fatty acids modulate the inflammatory response and are essential for normal brain development; equally, abnormal fatty acid metabolism plays a critical role in the pathology of autism. Currently, dietary supplements are often used to improve the core symptoms of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study analyzed the effects of orally supplemented omega-3 (ω-3) and vitamin B12 on ameliorating oxidative stress and impaired lipid metabolism in a propionic acid (PPA)-induced rodent model of autism, together with their effect on the gut microbial composition, where great fluctuations in the bacterial number and strains were observed; interestingly, polyunsaturated fatty acids such as omega-3 induced higher growth of the gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and decreased the survival rates of Clostridia sp. as well as other enteric bacterial strains. Thirty-five young male western albino rats were divided into five equal groups. The first group served as the control; the second group was given an oral neurotoxic dose of PPA (250 mg/kg body weight/day) for 3 days. The third group received an oral dose of ω-3 (200 mg/kg body weight/day) for 30 days after the 3-day PPA treatment. Group four was given an oral dose of vitamin B12 (16.7 mg/kg/day) for 30 days after PPA treatment. Finally, group five was given a combination of both ω-3 and vitamin B12 at the same dose for the same duration after PPA treatment. Biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress and impaired fatty acid metabolism were investigated in the brain homogenates of each group. The effects of the dietary supplements on the gut microbiota were also observed. The PPA-treated autistic model expressed significantly higher levels of lipid peroxides and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and significantly less glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) than the control group. However, a remarkable amelioration of most of the impaired markers was observed with oral supplementation with ω-3 and vitamin B12, either alone or in combination. Our results concluded that impairment at various steps of the lipid metabolic pathways may contribute to the development of autism; however, supplementation with ω-3 and vitamin B12 can result in a positive therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Alfawaz
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Al-Onazi
- Biochemistry Department, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Binobead
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa Othman
- Central laboratory, Female Centre for Scientific and Medical Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Algahtani
- Central laboratory, Female Centre for Scientific and Medical Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramesa Shafi Bhat
- Biochemistry Department, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadine M S Moubayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O box 22452, Riyadh, Zip code 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haya S Alzeer
- Biochemistry Department, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf El-Ansary
- Central laboratory, Female Centre for Scientific and Medical Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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25
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Law JWF, Ser HL, Duangjai A, Saokaew S, Bukhari SI, Khan TM, Ab Mutalib NS, Chan KG, Goh BH, Lee LH. Streptomyces colonosanans sp. nov., A Novel Actinobacterium Isolated from Malaysia Mangrove Soil Exhibiting Antioxidative Activity and Cytotoxic Potential against Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:877. [PMID: 28559892 PMCID: PMC5432915 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces colonosanans MUSC 93JT, a novel strain isolated from mangrove forest soil located at Sarawak, Malaysia. The bacterium was noted to be Gram-positive and to form light yellow aerial and vivid yellow substrate mycelium on ISP 2 agar. The polyphasic approach was used to determine the taxonomy of strain MUSC 93JT and the strain showed a range of phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic properties consistent with those of the members of the genus Streptomyces. Phylogenetic and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that closely related strains include Streptomyces malachitofuscus NBRC 13059T (99.2% sequence similarity), Streptomyces misionensis NBRC 13063T (99.1%), and Streptomyces phaeoluteichromatogenes NRRL 5799T (99.1%). The DNA–DNA relatedness values between MUSC 93JT and closely related type strains ranged from 14.4 ± 0.1 to 46.2 ± 0.4%. The comparison of BOX-PCR fingerprints indicated MUSC 93JT exhibits a unique DNA profile. The genome of MUSC 93JT consists of 7,015,076 bp. The DNA G + C content was determined to be 69.90 mol%. The extract of strain MUSC 93JT was demonstrated to exhibit potent antioxidant activity via ABTS, metal chelating, and SOD assays. This extract also exhibited anticancer activity against human colon cancer cell lines without significant cytotoxic effect against human normal colon cells. Furthermore, the chemical analysis of the extract further emphasizes the strain is producing chemo-preventive related metabolites. Based on this polyphasic study of MUSC 93JT, it is concluded that this strain represents a novel species, for which the name Streptomyces colonosanans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MUSC 93JT (= DSM 102042T = MCCC 1K02298T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi Woan-Fei Law
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Hooi-Leng Ser
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Acharaporn Duangjai
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand.,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand
| | - Surasak Saokaew
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research Center, Naresuan UniversityPhitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sarah I Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahir M Khan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Absyn University PeshawarPeshawar, Pakistan
| | - Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, UKM Medical Centre, University Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand
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26
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Letchumanan V, Chan KG, Khan TM, Bukhari SI, Ab Mutalib NS, Goh BH, Lee LH. Bile Sensing: The Activation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Virulence. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:728. [PMID: 28484445 PMCID: PMC5399080 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria must develop resistance to various inhospitable conditions in order to survive in the human gastrointestinal tract. Bile, which is secreted by the liver, and plays an important role in food digestion also has antimicrobial properties and is able to disrupt cellular homeostasis. Paradoxically, although bile is one of the guts defenses, many studies have reported that bacteria such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus can sense bile and use its presence as an environmental cue to upregulate virulence genes during infection. This article aims to discuss how bile is detected by V. parahaemolyticus and its role in regulating type III secretion system 2 leading to human infection. This bile–bacteria interaction pathway gives us a clearer understanding of the biochemical and structural analysis of the bacterial receptors involved in mediating a response to bile salts which appear to be a significant environmental cue during initiation of an infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengadesh Letchumanan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaSelangor, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of MalayaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tahir M Khan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaSelangor, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn UniversityPeshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sarah I Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaSelangor, Malaysia.,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaSelangor, Malaysia.,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand
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Boleij A, Muytjens CMJ, Bukhari SI, Cayet N, Glaser P, Hermans PWM, Swinkels DW, Bolhuis A, Tjalsma H. Novel clues on the specific association of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp gallolyticus with colorectal cancer. J Infect Dis 2011; 203:1101-9. [PMID: 21451000 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiq169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp gallolyticus ( Streptococcus bovis biotype I) endocarditis is in general low but very often linked to colorectal cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the virulence characteristics that distinguish this opportunistic pathogen from a panel of (closely related) intestinal bacteria. METHODS The route of infection was reconstructed in vitro with adhesion, invasion, and translocation assays on differentiated Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, cellular immune responses upon infection and bacterial biofilm formation were analyzed in a comparative manner. RESULTS S. gallolyticus subsp gallolyticus strains were demonstrated to have a relative low adhesiveness and could not internalize epithelial cells. However, these bacteria were uniquely able to paracellularly cross a differentiated epithelium without inducing epithelial interleukin 8 or 1β responses. Importantly, they had an outstanding ability to form biofilms on collagen-rich surfaces, which in vivo are found at damaged heart valves and (pre)cancerous sites with a displaced epithelium. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data show that S. gallolyticus subsp gallolyticus has a unique repertoire of virulence factors that facilitate infection through (pre)malignant colonic lesions and subsequently can provide this bacterium with a competitive advantage in (1) evading the innate immune system and (2) forming resistant vegetations at collagen-rich sites in susceptible patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Boleij
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Khalil NY, Ahmad S, Khan M, Ali SA, Ali Q, Bukhari SI, Yasinzai MM. Population based data on urinary excretion of various metabolites in children of north western region of Pakistan. J PAK MED ASSOC 1998; 48:241-2. [PMID: 10067040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Population based data on urinary excretion of various metabolites of pathological importance, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Oxalates, Citrates, Phosphates, Uric acid and urea have been collected from around three hundred children of the Quetta valley. The body weight was in the range of 11-50 kg and the age was in between 4-16 years. The urine excretion average was 987.5 +/- 452.5 ml per 24 hours. There was 11.5% incidence of hypercalciuria, 8.5% incidence of hyperuricosuria, 2.0% hyperphosphaturia, 2.5% hypomagnesuria, 3.5% hypocitraturia, 6.5% hypernatriuria, 43.5% hypokaliurea and 2.1% hyperoxaluria. Urea excretion average was 23.11 +/- 14.99 g per 24 hours. The study provided the basis for childhood reference pattern in urinary excretion of compounds related to various pathological conditions, in particular stone formation in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Y Khalil
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta
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Bukhari SI. A study of 249, 502 cases treated in the Municipal Dental Clinic, Sahiwal from 1959 to 1978. Pak Dent Rev 1979; 27:16-21. [PMID: 296794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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