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Westberg SM, Arellano R, Cieri-Hutcherson NE, Heinrich NT, Herman AM, Lodise NM, McBane S, Ofili TU, O'Grady N, Sankey KH. Pharmacotherapy of Chronic Neuropsychiatric Conditions During Pregnancy. Nurs Womens Health 2024:S1751-4851(24)00082-5. [PMID: 38702041 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Many pregnant persons will experience neuropsychiatric conditions during pregnancy, including migraine, attention deficit disorder, depression, and anxiety. Treatment of each of these conditions requires shared decision-making among the individual, family, and health care team. Although medications may include risk, the benefits often outweigh the potential fetal risks. In this article, we review pharmacologic treatment options for each of these conditions and appropriate use in pregnancy to maintain the stability of conditions and to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Abstract
Complications throughout the peripartum period may be caused by preexisting conditions or pregnancy-induced conditions and may alter pharmacotherapy management. Pharmacotherapy management during late pregnancy and delivery requires careful consideration due to changing hormones, hemodynamic status, and pharmacokinetics, and concerns for potential maternal and/or fetal morbidity. Increased maternal and fetal monitoring are often required and may lead to therapy changes. Pharmacists, as key members of the interprofessional team, can contribute essential perspective to the management of postpartum pharmacotherapy through assessment and recommendation of appropriate and judicious use of medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie N Barnes
- Kansas City School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Lauren D Leader
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Von Voigtlander Women's Hospital, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicole E Cieri-Hutcherson
- Pharmacy Practice, University at Buffalo School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Mary F Hebert
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lamis R Karaoui
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Lebanese American University School of Pharmacy, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Sarah McBane
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Bloom TJ, McBane S. Musings of Two Administrators for Those Considering a Career Change. Am J Pharm Educ 2023; 87:100572. [PMID: 37437889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a learning curve when stepping into an administrative position, whether you have been planning the change for years or find yourself asked to replace someone who has left unexpectedly. Two associate deans offer perspectives on things we wish we had known prior to taking on our current position. Some are practical skills that can also be helpful in any faculty position, while others relate to the different perspectives an administrator needs. We also point out some experiences we feel helped set us up for success, which should be available to anyone considering a similar change of career. Our experiences may offer some benefit for individuals considering administrative positions by helping them reflect on what questions to ask themselves while choosing their next career step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Bloom
- Shenandoah University, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Winchester, VA, USA.
| | - Sarah McBane
- University of California, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA
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4
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Hurley-Kim K, Vu CH, Dao NM, Tran LC, McBane S, Lee J, Sepassi A. Effect of Metformin Use on Vitamin B12 Deficiency Over Time (EMBER): A Real-World Evidence Database Study. Endocr Pract 2023; 29:862-867. [PMID: 37611751 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2023.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the extent to which metformin increases the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency and borderline deficiency over time in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Using the All of Us database, adults aged ≥18 years with T2DM and a documented history of metformin use were included for the evaluation of B12 deficiency. Those with B12 deficiency before metformin use were excluded. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between metformin use and long-term metformin use (≥4 years) and the risk of B12 deficiency. We conducted a subgroup analysis comparing differences in borderline B12 deficiency in metformin and non-metformin users. RESULTS Of 36 740 participants with T2DM, 6221 (16.9%) had documented metformin use. The mean age of metformin users was 65.3 years. B12 deficiency was confirmed in 464 (7.5%) metformin users, and 1919 of 30 519 participants (6.3%) did not use metformin. Metformin users had a 4.7% increased risk of developing B12 deficiency compared with nonmetformin users (P = .44). Each additional year of metformin use was associated with 5% increased likelihood of deficiency (P < .05). Metformin use for ≥4 years resulted in a 41.0% increased odds of B12 deficiency, compared with those who used <4 years of metformin (P < .05). Metformin use increased the odds of borderline B12 deficiency by 27.0% (P < .05). CONCLUSION Long-term metformin use was associated with an increased risk of B12 deficiency in patients with T2DM, with compounding risk over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri Hurley-Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California, Irvine School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, California
| | | | | | | | - Sarah McBane
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California, Irvine School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, California
| | - Joyce Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California, Irvine School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, California
| | - Aryana Sepassi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California, Irvine School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, California.
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5
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Chen AMH, Brown S, Mark K, McBane S. An overview of Instructional approaches and decision-making strategies to curtail curricular overload. Am J Pharm Educ 2023; 87:100013. [PMID: 37597910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Curriculum overload often occurs when content is kept in the curriculum that may no longer be necessary to prepare students for professional practice. The overload becomes compounded by the addition of new content from the ever-changing professional practice needs and updates to accreditation standards. Challenges may occur when programs must first determine the "level" of proficiency a new graduate should attain and then determine the appropriate breadth and depth of educational outcomes in relation to proficiency, while examining what content should be retained from past curricula. Thus, the purpose of this manuscript is to summarize institutional approaches for making content delivery more effective and efficient with the goal of curtailing curriculum expansion. FINDINGS Four key elements were consistently identified in the literature as important considerations to address curriculum overload - 1) communication and coordination among faculty, 2) incorporation of active learning strategies, 3) effective utilization of technology, and 4) minimizing faculty and student workload and cognitive burden. SUMMARY Each pharmacy program will need to take an individualized approach in addressing curriculum overload; however, consideration of the aforementioned key elements can assist in making these decisions. With increased student engagement in the classroom, intentional design to reduce content and student workload, enhanced communication among faculty, and appropriate technology utilization, curriculum overload can be addressed at every level of pharmacy education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleda M H Chen
- Cedarville University, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville, OH 45314, USA.
| | - Stacy Brown
- Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy at East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Karen Mark
- South College School of Pharmacy, Knoxville, TN 37922, USA
| | - Sarah McBane
- UC Irvine School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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6
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Goyal J, Ng DQ, Zhang K, Chan A, Lee J, Zheng K, Hurley-Kim K, Nguyen L, He L, Nguyen M, McBane S, Li W, Cadiz CL. Using machine learning to develop a clinical prediction model for SSRI-associated bleeding: a feasibility study. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2023; 23:105. [PMID: 37301967 PMCID: PMC10257821 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-023-02206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adverse drug events (ADEs) are associated with poor outcomes and increased costs but may be prevented with prediction tools. With the National Institute of Health All of Us (AoU) database, we employed machine learning (ML) to predict selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)-associated bleeding. METHODS The AoU program, beginning in 05/2018, continues to recruit ≥ 18 years old individuals across the United States. Participants completed surveys and consented to contribute electronic health record (EHR) for research. Using the EHR, we determined participants who were exposed to SSRIs (citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, vortioxetine). Features (n = 88) were selected with clinicians' input and comprised sociodemographic, lifestyle, comorbidities, and medication use information. We identified bleeding events with validated EHR algorithms and applied logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and extreme gradient boost to predict bleeding during SSRI exposure. We assessed model performance with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve statistic (AUC) and defined clinically significant features as resulting in > 0.01 decline in AUC after removal from the model, in three of four ML models. RESULTS There were 10,362 participants exposed to SSRIs, with 9.6% experiencing a bleeding event during SSRI exposure. For each SSRI, performance across all four ML models was relatively consistent. AUCs from the best models ranged 0.632-0.698. Clinically significant features included health literacy for escitalopram, and bleeding history and socioeconomic status for all SSRIs. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated feasibility of predicting ADEs using ML. Incorporating genomic features and drug interactions with deep learning models may improve ADE prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Goyal
- Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ding Quan Ng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, 802 W Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697-4625, USA
| | - Kevin Zhang
- Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alexandre Chan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, 802 W Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697-4625, USA
| | - Joyce Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, 802 W Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697-4625, USA
| | - Kai Zheng
- Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Keri Hurley-Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, 802 W Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697-4625, USA
| | - Lee Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, 802 W Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697-4625, USA
| | - Lu He
- Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Megan Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, 802 W Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697-4625, USA
| | - Sarah McBane
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, 802 W Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697-4625, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Christine Luu Cadiz
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, 802 W Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697-4625, USA.
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McBane S, Alavandi P, Allen S, Bingham A, Dang Y, Elmes A, Fallon JM, Herman A, Januszka J, Peddi AN, Posey LM, Putney K, Richter S, Shrader S, Thomas M, Seybert A. Overview of Implementation and Learning Outcomes of Simulation in Pharmacy Education. J Am Coll Clin Pharm 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jac5.1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Hurley-Kim K, Keyvani A, Ahmed R, Wong HW, McBane S. Pharmacist-Managed Refill Service Impacts on Clinician Workload and Medication Interventions in a Federally Qualified Health Center. J Prim Care Community Health 2023; 14:21501319231168716. [PMID: 37070677 PMCID: PMC10123919 DOI: 10.1177/21501319231168716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increasing administrative workload is linked with lower quality of patient care and physician burnout. Conversely, models involving pharmacists can positively impact patient care and physician well-being. Research has consistently demonstrated that pharmacist-physician collaboration can improve outcomes for chronic diagnoses. Pharmacist-managed refill services may improve provider workload measures and clinical outcomes. METHODS This was an evaluation of a pharmacist-managed refill service at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC). Under collaborative practice agreement, pharmacists addressed refill requests and recommended interventions. Data analysis evaluated effectiveness of the model, including clinical interventions, and involved descriptive statistics and qualitative approaches. RESULTS Average patient age was 55.5 years old and 53.1% were female. Turnaround time was within 48 h for 87.8% of refill encounters. During an average of 3.2 h per week, pharmacists addressed 9.2% (n = 1683 individual requests in 1255 indirect patient encounters) of the total clinic refill requests during the 1-year study period. In 453 of these encounters (36.1%), pharmacists recommended a total of 642 interventions. 64.8% of these were need for appointment (n = 211) or labs (n = 205). Drug therapy problems and medication list discrepancies were identified in 12.6% (n = 81) and 11.9% (n = 76) of encounters, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The results of this study are consistent with previous literature demonstrating the value of interprofessional collaboration. Pharmacists addressed refills in an efficient, clinically effective manner in an FQHC setting. This may positively impact primary care provider workload, patients' medication persistence, and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri Hurley-Kim
- University of California Irvine School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA
- Saban Community Clinic, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Raed Ahmed
- Saban Community Clinic, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Sarah McBane
- University of California Irvine School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA
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Ng DQ, Jia S, Wisseh C, Cadiz C, Nguyen M, Lee J, McBane S, Nguyen L, Chan A, Hurley-Kim K. Sociodemographic characteristics differ across routine adult vaccine cohorts: An All of Us descriptive study. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2022; 63:582-591.e20. [PMID: 36549934 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The National Institutes of Health All of Us (AoU) Research Program is currently building a database of 1million+ adult subjects. With it, we describe the characteristics of those with documented vaccinations. OBJECTIVES To describe the sociodemographic, health status, and lifestyle factors associated with vaccinations. METHODS This is a retrospective study involving data from the AoU program (R2020Q4R2, N = 315,297). Five vaccine cohorts [influenza, hepatitis B (HBV), pneumococcal <65 years old, pneumococcal ≥65 years old, and human papillomavirus (HPV)] were generated based on vaccination history. The influenza cohort comprised participants with documented influenza vaccinations in electronic health records (EHRs) from September 2017 to May 2018. Other vaccine cohorts comprised participants with ≥1 lifetime record(s) of vaccination documented in the EHR by December 2018. The vaccine cohorts were compared to the overall AoU cohort. Descriptive statistics were generated using EHR- and survey-based sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle information. The SAMBA (0.9.0) R package was utilized to adjust for EHR selection and outcome misclassification biases to infer sources of disparity for pneumococcal vaccinations in older adults. RESULTS Cohort counts were as follows: influenza (n = 15,346), HBV (n = 6323), pneumococcal <65 (n = 15,217), pneumococcal ≥65 (n = 15,100), and HPV (n = 2125). All vaccine cohorts had higher proportions of White and non-Hispanic/Latino participants compared to the overall AoU cohort. The largest differences were found in pneumococcal age ≥65, with 80.2% White participants compared to 52.9% in the overall study population. Multivariable analysis revealed that race/ethnic disparities in pneumococcal vaccination among older adults were explained by biological sex, income, health insurance, and education-related variables. CONCLUSION Racial, ethnic, education, and income characteristics differ across the vaccine cohorts among AoU participants. These findings inform future utilization of large health databases in vaccine epidemiology research and emphasize the need for more targeted interventions that address differences in vaccine uptake.
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Nohria R, McBane S. The impact of failure on faculty development. Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2022; 14:123-126. [PMID: 35190150 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2021.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Failure is an inevitable outcome in life. Even though this is a commonly accepted fact, the environment in academic pharmacy has stigmatized failure. This stigmatization potentially stunts faculty development if inappropriate coping strategies evolve and skills such as creativity and problem solving do not flourish. COMMENTARY There is an opportunity for pharmacy academia, especially faculty, to assume a new lens when examining failure. The authors will examine the impact of failure on active learning and scholarship. IMPLICATION Despite the many challenges and apprehensions that surround the concept of failure, it is important that academia reframes failure. This new perspective can positively view failure as a progressive mechanism by creating novel solutions to challenges in academia and demonstrating to pharmacy students that failure is something to embrace as a learning tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Nohria
- West Coast University School of Pharmacy, 590 N. Vermont Avenue, Lost Angeles, CA 90004, United States.
| | - Sarah McBane
- University of California Irvine, 101 Theory, Suite 100, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
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11
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Ng DQ, Jia S, Cadiz C, Wisseh C, Nguyen MH, Lee J, McBane S, Nguyen L, Chan A, Hurley-Kim K. 24. An analysis of the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Database: Sociodemographic Disparities Among Patients Who Received Vaccinations. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021. [PMCID: PMC8643889 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab466.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The National Institutes of Health All of Us (AoU) research program is building a diversified database of 1 million+ adult subjects. With this database, we seek to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of those with documented vaccinations. Methods The AoU recruited subjects ≥ 18 years beginning in 2018. Eligible subjects were subsequently divided into five vaccine cohorts based on their vaccine history [influenza, hepatitis B (HepB), pneumococcal (Pneu) < 65, Pneu ≥ 65, human papillomavirus (HPV)]. The vaccine cohorts were compared to the general AoU cohort. Subjects in the influenza cohort had documented influenza vaccinations from 09/2017-05/2018. Other vaccine cohorts comprised subjects with ≥ 1 lifetime record(s) of vaccination by 12/2018. The Pneu < 65 and ≥ 65 cohorts comprised those who received pneumococcal vaccination before or after (inclusive) 65 years old, respectively. Descriptive statistics for all cohorts were generated using survey and electronic health record (EHR) data. Results We analyzed 315297 subjects in the AoU dataset R2020Q4R2. The cohort sizes were: influenza (n=15346), HepB (n=6323), HPV (n=2125), and Pneu (< 65 n=15217; ≥65 n=15100). For all vaccine cohorts, comparing the 95% confidence intervals (CIs), the proportions of whites and non-Hispanics/Latinos were statistically higher than the general AoU cohort, the largest being from the Pneu ≥ 65 cohort (Table 1). For educational attainment, the Pneu < 65 (36.5%) had the smallest proportion of college or advanced degree graduates while the largest was observed in the Pneu ≥ 65 cohort (59.0%). The proportions of subjects with < &10k in annual household income (AHI) were largest among Pneu < 65 (17.1%) and smallest among Pneu ≥ 65 (3.8%). In contrast, the largest proportion of subjects with ≥ &100k AHI was among Pneu ≥ 65 (25.3%) and the smallest among Pneu < 65 (15.8%). Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of subjects in the All of Us research program based on vaccine receipt ![]()
Conclusion Racial and ethnic disparities in vaccinations were apparent. Pneumococcal vaccination at age 65 years and above was more prevalent among white, non-Hispanic/Latino subjects who were also more educated and affluent. Conversely, those receiving pneumococcal vaccination before age 65 years were less educated and had lower AHI. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Quan Ng
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Stanley Jia
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | | | | | | | - Joyce Lee
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Sarah McBane
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Lee Nguyen
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
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12
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Dykhne M, Hsu SY, McBane S, Rosenberg E, Taheri R. Differences in learning styles, critical thinking skills, and peer evaluations between students with and without leadership engagement. Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2021; 13:659-664. [PMID: 33867061 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2021.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leadership has long been suggested as an attribute essential to the pharmacy profession. Academic pharmacy has identified and addressed the need for leadership development among student pharmacists. The objective of this study is to assess differences in learning styles, critical thinking skills, and peer-perceived leadership skill evaluations between those with vs. without student leadership engagement (SLE). METHODS Four cohorts of pharmacy students were included in the analysis. Each student completed the Kolb Learning Style Inventory and Health Science Reasoning Test (HSRT) during pharmacy school orientation. Student-peer evaluation scores were derived from three courses and assessed important leadership skills such as communication, critical thinking, teamwork, and professionalism. Descriptive analysis was performed; group difference was tested using independent group t-tests on continuous variables and Fisher exact tests on categorical variables. RESULTS This study included 205 pharmacy students from the Classes of 2018 to 2021; 63 students (31%) displayed SLE. No significant differences were found in the peer evaluation scores between students with and without SLE. Students with SLE showed significantly higher scores in domains of the HSRT and the overall HSRT score. CONCLUSIONS The study results showed that HSRT assessment of critical thinking skills was significantly higher in students engaging in leadership, suggesting that HSRT should be explored as a possible predictor for SLE in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Dykhne
- Pharmacy Practice West Coast University School of Pharmacy, 590 N. Vermont Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90004, United States.
| | - Shih-Ying Hsu
- Pharmacy Practice West Coast University School of Pharmacy, 590 N. Vermont Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90004, United States.
| | - Sarah McBane
- Pharmacy Education at College of Health Sciences, University of California, UCI School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 101 Theory, Suite 100, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
| | - Ettie Rosenberg
- Pharmacy Practice West Coast University School of Pharmacy, 590 N. Vermont Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90004, United States.
| | - Reza Taheri
- Professional Affairs and Student Success Chapman University School of Pharmacy Harry, Diane Rinker Health Science Campus 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618, United States.
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13
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Islam MA, Taheri R, McBane S, Talukder R. Faculty assessment of scholarship of teaching and learning among United States pharmacy programs. Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2020; 12:1163-1170. [PMID: 32739052 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2020.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pharmacy faculty understanding of the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) and its recognition remain unclear. This study aimed to determine faculty SoTL perceptions and whether it should be recognized in promotion and tenure decisions. METHODS A survey instrument was developed and distributed to 6454 faculty in 139 United States pharmacy programs. The survey provided a list of scholarly activities and respondents were asked to select activities they perceived as SoTL and solicited faculty attitudes toward SoTL, its recognition and value in promotion and tenure, and SoTL engagement. Results were stratified based on SoTL participation, disciplines, and years of experience. RESULTS Six hundred forty-three pharmacy faculty responded to the survey. Diverse scholarly works from teaching and learning practices to curriculum development, which lead to peer-reviewed public dissemination, were perceived as SoTL by most (78-98%) of the respondents. Participation in SoTL was reported by 74%. Pharmaceutical/biomedical science faculty were significantly less likely to accept the SoTL definition than pharmacy practice or social and administrative sciences faculty. Over 90% of participants indicated that college/school and departmental policies should encourage participation in SoTL activities. More than 70% of respondents strongly agreed that SoTL should be incorporated into criteria for promotion and tenure. Competing time commitments, lack of funding, interest, and institutional SoTL recognition were identified as challenges. CONCLUSION Findings demonstrate that pharmacy faculty perceive SoTL as a broad spectrum of scholarly activities, including classroom practices and beyond, that culminate into peer-reviewed public dissemination. Pharmacy faculty support the incorporation of SoTL into promotion and tenure criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Islam
- West Coast University School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Reza Taheri
- West Coast University School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Sarah McBane
- West Coast University School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Rahmat Talukder
- Ben and Maytee Fisch College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, United States.
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14
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Hall PD, Fish H, McBane S, Mercer J, Moreau C, Owen J, Policastri A, Rattinger GB, Srivastava SB, Thomas MC, Bradley-Baker LR. The Report of the 2018-2019 Professional Affairs Standing Committee: The Role of Educators in Pharmacy Practice Transformation. Am J Pharm Educ 2019; 83:7596. [PMID: 32001892 PMCID: PMC6983901 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe7596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The 2018-2019 Professional Affairs Committee examined the potential roles and needs of clinical educators (faculty and preceptors) in leading transformation in pharmacy practice. The committee was charged to (1) discuss the potential roles and responsibilities of faculty and preceptors leading transformation and enhanced patient care services in pharmacy practice; (2) describe factors, including clinician well-being and resilience, which may influence faculty and preceptor involvement in practice transformation and the enhancement of patient care services; and (3) recommend how the efforts and successes of faculty and preceptors involved in pharmacy practice transformation can be replicated and recognized as well as identify the types of continuing professional development (CPD) that should be available to enable the influence and implementation of patient care services. This report provides a framework for addressing the committee charges by examining the roles of advocacy, collaboration, continuing professional development, and clinician resilience and well-being. The committee provides a revision to a current AACP policy regarding continuing professional development as well as several recommendations to AACP and suggestions to colleges and schools of pharmacy pertaining to the committee charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Hall
- Medical University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Hannah Fish
- National Community Pharmacists Association, Alexandria, Virginia
| | - Sarah McBane
- West Coast University School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeff Mercer
- Harding University College of Pharmacy, Searcy, Arkansas
| | - Cynthia Moreau
- Nova Southeastern University College of Pharmacy, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - James Owen
- American Pharmacists Association, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Anne Policastri
- American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gail B Rattinger
- Binghamton University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton, New York
| | - Sneha Baxi Srivastava
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science College of Pharmacy, North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael C Thomas
- Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Birmingham, Alabama
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Lee M, Saseen JJ, Beckman E, Coon S, Gabay M, Japs K, Mangan B, McBane S, See S. Expanding the pharmacist's scope of practice at the state level: Support for board certification within the credentialing process. J Am Coll Clin Pharm 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jac5.1192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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16
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Colbert J, McBane S, Lam M, Blaj A, Zimmers B, Yoon M, Park B, Le T, Dinh H, Wang J. Assessing the Acceptance of the Pay-For-Performance Model in a Segment of California Pharmacists. J Contemp Pharm Pract 2018. [DOI: 10.37901/jcphp17-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Pay-for-performance (P4P) is a payment system in which providers are rewarded financially for the outcome of patient care. This study surveyed pharmacists to gain an overall understanding of their knowledge, experience, and attitude toward P4P. We investigated if having prior experience with P4P influences one's attitude toward and acceptance of this payment model.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed where a survey was sent to pharmacists affiliated with the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Pharmacy. Data was collected over a two-week period. Chi-square and odds-ratio (OR) tests were used to assess an association between payment preference and the following factors: management experience, experience with P4P, years of practice, and familiarity with P4P. Six benefits and six problems relating to P4P were evaluated.
Results
Eighty-seven pharmacists participated in our survey. Fifty preferred traditional pay, and thirty-seven preferred P4P. The OR analysis suggests: 1) Pharmacists with P4P experience are 50% more likely to prefer P4P, 2) Pharmacists with management experience are 39% more likely to prefer P4P, and 3) Pharmacists with less than five years of working experience are 12% more likely to prefer P4P. The top perceived benefit of P4P was increased collaboration among healthcare providers. The main perceived challenge was cumbersome billing processes.
Conclusion
Pharmacists with P4P experience held more positive views of the payment system. Pharmacists without experience in the program were less supportive. The positive responses about P4P from those with P4P experience suggest that employers may receive more support for P4P from their staffs by educating them about the benefits of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thu Le
- University of California, San Diego
| | - Han Dinh
- University of California, San Diego
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Abstract
Tobacco use continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Even with behavioral and pharmacologic treatment, long-term tobacco cessation rates are low. Electronic nicotine delivery systems, commonly referred to as electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes, are increasingly used for tobacco cessation. Because e-cigarettes are widely used in this setting, health care professionals need to know if they are safe and effective. The purpose of this article is to review literature regarding use of e-cigarettes as a tool for tobacco cessation in patients who are ready to quit, as well as those who are not ready to quit, along with some selected patient populations. The safety and clinical implications of e-cigarette use are also reviewed. Small, short-term studies assessing smokers' use of e-cigarettes suggest that e-cigarettes may be well tolerated and modestly effective in achieving abstinence. High-quality studies are lacking to support e-cigarettes use for cessation in patients with mental health issues. One small prospective cohort study concluded that patients with mental health issues reduced cigarette use with e-cigarette use. Although one study found that patients with cancer reported using e-cigarettes as a tobacco-cessation strategy, e-cigarettes were not effective in supporting abstinence 6 and 12 months later. Additional research is needed to evaluate the use of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation in patients with pulmonary diseases. No data exist to describe the efficacy of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation in pregnant women. Although study subjects report minimal adverse effects with e-cigarettes and the incidence of adverse effects decreases over time, long-term safety data are lacking. Health care providers should assess e-cigarette use in their patients as part of the tobacco cessation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Franks
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Karen Sando
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Sarah McBane
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, West Coast University, Los Angeles, California
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18
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Griffin BL, Stone RH, El-Ibiary SY, Westberg S, Shealy K, Forinash A, Yancey A, Vest K, Karaoui LR, Rafie S, Horlen C, Lodise N, Cieri-Hutcherson N, McBane S, Simonyan A. Guide for Drug Selection During Pregnancy and Lactation: What Pharmacists Need to Know for Current Practice. Ann Pharmacother 2018. [PMID: 29519141 DOI: 10.1177/1060028018764447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide guidance for clinicians on risk assessment of medication use during pregnancy and lactation. DATA SOURCES Authors completed PubMed searches to identify articles focused on the use of medications in pregnancy, including fetal development, drug transfer across the placenta, trimester exposure, chronic conditions in pregnancy, medications in lactation, and lactation and chronic disease. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Articles were reviewed to provide overall guidance to medication selection during pregnancy. The following information was reviewed: medication use in pregnancy, including fetal development, drug transfer across the placenta, trimester exposure, chronic conditions in pregnancy, medications in lactation, and lactation and chronic disease. DATA SYNTHESIS This article will provide an overview of medication safety considerations during pregnancy and lactation. Information was interpreted to help clinicians predict the potential risk and benefit in each patient to make an evidence-based decision. The article concludes with guidance on risk assessment and how pharmacists may support fellow health care providers and their patients when considering medication use. CONCLUSIONS Information about the effects of medication use during reproductive periods is limited. With the removal of the Food and Drug Administration pregnancy categories, clinicians will be relying on pharmacists to aid in the appropriate selection of therapies for patients. It is critical that pharmacists keep abreast of resources available and be able to assess data to help prescribers and their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sally Rafie
- 8 University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl Horlen
- 9 University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nicole Lodise
- 10 Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
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19
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Colbert J, McBane S, Cheng T, Dong J, Kim N, Liang W, Nguyen J, Parikh A, Weidling A. The Pharmacist's Role in Medical Marijuana Counseling: Patient and Pharmacist Perspective. J Contemp Pharm Pract 2018. [DOI: 10.37901/jcphp17-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James Colbert
- UC San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | | | - Tiffany Cheng
- UC San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Jenny Dong
- UC San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Nicole Kim
- UC San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Wilson Liang
- UC San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - John Nguyen
- UC San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Aneri Parikh
- UC San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Ameila Weidling
- UC San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
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20
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Jordan RP, Bratberg J, Congdon HB, Cross LB, Hill LG, Marrs JC, McBane S, Lang WG, Ekoma JO. The Report of the 2016-2017 Advocacy Standing Committee. Am J Pharm Educ 2017; 81:S10. [PMID: 29200458 PMCID: PMC5701333 DOI: 10.5688/ajpes10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Based on the growing importance of community engagement and the recognition of its importance by the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP), the committee offers several examples of community engagement activities for consideration and replication by our academy and beyond. These activities, including those of winning institutions of the Lawrence J. Weaver Transformational Community Engagement Award, can be mapped to the core components of community engagement presented in Table 1. The committee, using an implementation readiness framework, provides the reader with insight into the challenges that may impact successful community engagement and encourages our academy to continue its work to support faculty capacity in this area. Toward that end, the committee offers a policy statement that encourages schools and colleges of pharmacy to have an office or designate a faculty member whose focus is specifically on community engagement. The committee also offers a recommendation that the core components be included in the criteria for the Weaver Award.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - L Brian Cross
- College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University
| | - Lucas G Hill
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Joel C Marrs
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado
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21
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Saseen JJ, Ripley TL, Bondi D, Burke JM, Cohen LJ, McBane S, McConnell KJ, Sackey B, Sanoski C, Simonyan A, Taylor J, Vande Griend JP. ACCP Clinical Pharmacist Competencies. Pharmacotherapy 2017; 37:630-636. [DOI: 10.1002/phar.1923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deborah Bondi
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy; Lenexa Kansas
| | - John M. Burke
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy; Lenexa Kansas
| | | | - Sarah McBane
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy; Lenexa Kansas
| | | | - Bryan Sackey
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy; Lenexa Kansas
| | | | | | - Jodi Taylor
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy; Lenexa Kansas
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22
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Kubli K, McBane S, Hirsch JD, Lorentz S. Student pharmacists' perceptions of immunizations. Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2017; 9:479-485. [PMID: 29233288 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary aim of this study was to explore changes in knowledge level, perceived importance and apprehension of immunizations by first year pharmacy students pre- vs. post-immunization education and training. EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY First year pharmacy students at the University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (UC San Diego SSPPS) completed a pre- and post-immunization training course questionnaire. Knowledge base and perceived importance level of immunizations including hepatitis B, influenza, measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), varicella, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap), meningococcal and human papilloma virus (HPV) were assessed. In addition, apprehension of needle administration and fears regarding safety and efficacy were evaluated. FINDINGS Of 120 students, 85 (71%) completed pre- and post-course questionnaires for this study. Mean knowledge test scores increased from 56% pre-course to 83% post-course. Pre-course, 73% of participants considered immunizations as very important in preventing future disease outbreaks. Post-course, this percentage climbed to 94%. Prior to taking the course, 52% of students were apprehensive about administering injections; however, after completing the course this percentage declined to 33%. The majority of students who had been fearful prior to the course retained their fears of receiving needle injections. The proportion of students believing immunizations should be a personal choice, not mandatory, did not significantly change from pre-course (49%) to post-course (44%). SUMMARY The UC San Diego SSPPS immunization course increased student knowledge of immunization facts and the perceived importance of immunizations. However, a substantial portion of students retained apprehension about administering and receiving needle injections and the proportion believing immunizations should be a personal choice, almost half, did not change appreciably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara Kubli
- University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA.
| | - Sarah McBane
- University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA.
| | - Jan D Hirsch
- University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA.
| | - Sarah Lorentz
- University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA.
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23
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Rosenblum E, McBane S, Wang W, Sawyer M. Protecting newborns by immunizing family members in a hospital-based vaccine clinic: a successful Tdap cocooning program during the 2010 California pertussis epidemic. Public Health Rep 2014; 129:245-51. [PMID: 24791022 DOI: 10.1177/003335491412900306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Infants are at greatest risk for mortality from pertussis infection. Since 2005, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has recommended a cocooning strategy of vaccinating all close contacts of infants with tetanus, diptheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine to reduce the risk of transmitting pertussis. Difficulties in establishing a complete cocoon have been reported in the literature. We determined whether families of newborns could be fully immunized against pertussis, thereby providing a complete cocoon of protection. METHODS Tdap vaccine was offered during visiting hours to contacts aged 7 years and older and to postpartum patients who had not received Tdap vaccine during pregnancy. We then conducted retrospective phone interviews with randomly selected mothers (or other family members) to assess vaccination rates. We compared household vaccination rates during intervention and control periods and the demographic factors associated with Tdap vaccination of all members within the households. RESULTS During the intervention period, 243 postpartum patients and 1,287 other family members of newborns were immunized, with 84.8% of all family members receiving Tdap vaccination. Seventy-six percent of households reported a complete cocoon. In the control group, 52.2% of all family members received Tdap vaccination, and 29.3% of households had a complete cocoon. In the control group, fewer family members completed Tdap vaccination in the larger households than in the smaller households (p=0.008). CONCLUSION A cocooning strategy can be successfully implemented, such that the majority of newborns leave the hospital with their families fully immunized against pertussis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Rosenblum
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | - Sarah McBane
- University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, San Diego, CA
| | - Wendy Wang
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Public Health Services, Epidemiology and Immunization Services, San Diego Immunization Partnership, San Diego, CA
| | - Mark Sawyer
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Public Health Services, Epidemiology and Immunization Services, San Diego Immunization Partnership, San Diego, CA ; University of California, San Diego, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, San Diego, CA
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24
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Weigle N, McBane S. Psoriasis. Am Fam Physician 2013; 87:626-633. [PMID: 23668525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that is often associated with systemic manifestations. It affects about 2 percent of U.S. adults, and can significantly impact quality of life. The etiology includes genetic and environmental factors. Diagnosis is based on the typical erythematous, scaly skin lesions, often with additional manifestations in the nails and joints. Plaque psoriasis is the most common form. Atypical forms include guttate, pustular, erythrodermic, and inverse psoriasis. Psoriasis is associated with several comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, lymphoma, and depression. Topical therapies such as corticosteroids, vitamin D analogs, and tazarotene are useful for treating mild to moderate psoriasis. More severe psoriasis may be treated with phototherapy, or may require systemic therapy. Biologic therapies, including tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, can be effective for severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, but have significant adverse effect profiles and require regular monitoring. Management of psoriasis must be individualized and may involve combinations of different medications and phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Weigle
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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25
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Rafie S, McIntosh J, Gardner DK, Gawronski KM, Karaoui LR, Koepf ER, Lehman KJ, McBane S, Patel-Shori NM. Over-the-Counter Access to Emergency Contraception without Age Restriction: An Opinion of the Women's Health Practice and Research Network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy. Pharmacotherapy 2013; 33:549-57. [DOI: 10.1002/phar.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sally Rafie
- University of California San Diego Health System; San Diego California
| | | | | | | | - Lamis R. Karaoui
- School of Pharmacy; Lebanese American University; Byblos Lebanon
| | - Erin R. Koepf
- University of New England College of Pharmacy; Portland Maine
| | | | - Sarah McBane
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of California San Diego; La Jolla California
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McBane
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0719 La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Tyan Thomas
- Philadelphia College of Pharmacy University of the Sciences in Philadelphia Philadelphia, PA Ambulatory Care Clinical Pharmacist Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center Philadelphia, PA
| | - Samantha Karr
- College of Pharmacy—Glendale Midwestern University Glendale, AZ
| | - Kristi W. Kelley
- Harrison School of Pharmacy Auburn University Auburn, AL Continuity Clinic at Trinity Medical Center/Baptist Health System, Inc. Birmingham, AL
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Kelley KW, McBane S, Thomas T, Karr S. Serving as a preceptor to pharmacy students: Tips on maintaining the desire to inspire. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2012; 69:826-8, 831. [DOI: 10.2146/ajhp110292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kristi W. Kelley
- Harrison School of Pharmacy Auburn University Auburn, AL Continuity Clinic at Trinity Medical Center/Baptist Health System, Inc. 840 Montclair Road, Suite 122 Birmingham, AL 35213
| | - Sarah McBane
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California, San Diego La Jolla, CA
| | - Tyan Thomas
- Philadelphia College of Pharmacy University of the Sciences in Philadelphia Philadelphia, PA Ambulatory Care Clinical Pharmacist Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center Philadelphia, PA
| | - Samantha Karr
- College of Pharmacy—Glendale Midwestern University Glendale, AZ
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28
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Karr S, Kelley KW, McBane S, Thomas T. Overcoming practice site challenges in clinical faculty positions. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2012; 69:738, 740, 742-3. [PMID: 22517019 DOI: 10.2146/ajhp110289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Karr
- College of Pharmacy-Glendale Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA.
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29
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Thomas T, Karr S, Kelley KW, McBane S. Overcoming barriers to scholarly activity in a clinical practice setting. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2012; 69:465-7. [PMID: 22382476 DOI: 10.2146/ajhp110290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tyan Thomas
- Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Gleason BL, Peeters MJ, Resman-Targoff BH, Karr S, McBane S, Kelley K, Thomas T, Denetclaw TH. An active-learning strategies primer for achieving ability-based educational outcomes. Am J Pharm Educ 2011; 75:186. [PMID: 22171114 PMCID: PMC3230347 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe759186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Active learning is an important component of pharmacy education. By engaging students in the learning process, they are better able to apply the knowledge they gain. This paper describes evidence supporting the use of active-learning strategies in pharmacy education and also offers strategies for implementing active learning in pharmacy curricula in the classroom and during pharmacy practice experiences.
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31
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McIntosh J, Rafie S, Wasik M, McBane S, Lodise NM, El-Ibiary SY, Forinash A, Kachlic MD, Rowe E, Besinque K. Changing oral contraceptives from prescription to over-the-counter status: an opinion statement of the Women's Health Practice and Research Network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy. Pharmacotherapy 2011; 31:424-37. [PMID: 21449630 DOI: 10.1592/phco.31.4.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Addressing the issue of unintended pregnancy is a national priority. One proposed strategy to reduce unintended pregnancy is to improve access to oral contraceptives by changing them to over-the-counter (OTC) status. Existing data indicate that oral contraceptives meet safety criteria required of OTC products. Available literature demonstrates that women can self-screen for contraindications to oral contraceptives and can do this as well as clinicians, and experience with OTC emergency contraception suggests that OTC oral contraceptives would not increase sexual risk-taking behavior. Women support OTC access to oral contraceptives, but express an interest in accessing pharmacist counseling. On the basis of these data, the Women's Health Practice and Research Network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy supports changing oral contraceptives to OTC status under two conditions: that they are sold where a pharmacist is on duty and that there are mechanisms in place to cover OTC contraceptives through Medicaid. Future research should address the issues of out-of-pocket costs to individuals, label-comprehension studies, and models for pharmacist reimbursement for time spent counseling on contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer McIntosh
- School of Pharmacy, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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32
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McBane S, Trewet CB, Havican SN, Kiser K, Klingel C, Riche DM, Sease JM, Nau DP, Zillich AJ. Tenets for Developing Quality Measures for Ambulatory Clinical Pharmacy Services. Pharmacotherapy 2011. [DOI: 10.1592/phco.31.7.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report a case of drug-induced fever associated with azathioprine treatment in a patient with sarcoidosis. CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old man with pulmonary sarcoidosis presented to the emergency department with a 1-day history of fever (temperature 39.9 °C), chills, nausea, and vomiting. One week earlier, azathioprine 50 mg/day had been started for worsening dyspnea. The patient was admitted and evaluated for acute infectious processes. All of his home medications (hydroxychloroquine, prednisone, fluticasone/salmeterol, lovastatin, pantoprazole, zolpidem, ibandronate, albuterol), except prednisone, were held. Results of chest X-ray, viral cultures, and urine and blood cultures revealed no source of infection. The patient's temperature returned to normal within 30 hours after discontinuation of azathioprine; rechallenge was not performed. DISCUSSION Fever as an adverse drug reaction is often unrecognized, particularly in medically complex patients. Azathioprine has been reported to cause drug fever in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and in those with rheumatoid arthritis; to our knowledge, there have been no previous reports documenting azathioprine-induced fever in patients with sarcoidosis. The chronological course of febrile response and defervescence is highly suggestive of drug-induced fever. CONCLUSIONS The rapid resolution of fever after discontinuation of azathioprine suggests that it was the likely source of fever in this patient. If azathioprine is increasingly prescribed in patients with sarcoidosis, fever as an adverse reaction may become more common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McBane
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertension affects millions of people in the United States, yet many do not reach their blood pressure goals. Existing data indicate that self-management skills improve chronic disease management. Beliefs and attitudes are an important component of self management. This pilot study was designed to evaluate the beliefs of the general public on hypertension. METHODS One hundred patients of Duke Family Medicine were verbally consented to receive a survey consisting of 16 true/false questions. Included subjects were 18 years and older and comfortable answering questions in English. The questions addressed self-management behaviors, definition, and complications of hypertension. Basic demographic data were collected. Descriptive statistics were performed on the data. RESULTS Of 120 patients screened, 100 met inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Demographic data indicated that surveyed subjects were similar to the general clinic population: 69% were women, 51% African American, and 55% age 45 years and older. A total of 79% of subjects answered 13 or more questions correctly. The 3 most commonly missed questions addressed fatality of hypertension, adverse effects of medications, and potential for curing hypertension. CONCLUSION Hypertension is a prevalent issue affected by many factors. Beliefs of the general population, including the role of self-management, seem consistent with current medical knowledge. However, this study only evaluated beliefs not behaviors of patients. Further study is needed to elucidate patient-oriented factors that may limit control of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McBane
- University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
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McBane S, Weigle N. Is it time to drug test your chronic pain patient? J Fam Pract 2010; 59:628-633. [PMID: 21060901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McBane
- University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA.
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