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Faiz H, Khan O, Ali I, Hussain T, Haider ST, Siddique T, Liaquat M, Noor A, Khan RW, Ashraf S, Rashid S, Noreen A, Asghar S, Anjum QS. Foliar application of triacontanol ameliorates heat stress through regulation of the antioxidant defense system and improves yield of eggplant. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e253696. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Transplanting time and genotype contribute to improving crop yield and quality of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of foliar applied of triacontanol (TRIA) and eggplant genotypes 25919, Nirala, 28389 and Pak-10927,transplanted on 1 March,15 March, and 1 April on exposure to high air temperature conditions. The experiment was performed according to Randomized Complete Block Design and the data was analyzed by using Tuckey,s test . The TRIA was applied at 10µM at flowering stage; distilled water was used as the control. Rate of photosynthesis and transpiration, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, and effects on antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase) were evaluated. The 10µM TRIA increased photosynthesis rate and water use efficiency and yield was improved in all genotypes transplanted at the different dates. Foliar application of 10µM TRIA increased antioxidative enzyme activities (SOD, POD & CAT) and improved physiological as well as biochemical attributes of eggplant genotypes exposed to high heat conditions. Highest activity of dismutase enzyme 5.41mg/1g FW was recorded in Nirala genotype in second transplantation. Whereas, lowest was noted in PAK-10927 (2.30mg/g FW). Maximum fruit yield was found in accession 25919 (1.725kg per plant) at 1st transplantation with Triacontanol, whereas accession PAK-10927 gave the lowest yield (0.285 kg per plant) at control treatment on 3rd transplantation. Genotype, transplanting date and application of TRIA improved growth, yield and quality attributes under of heat stress in eggplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Faiz
- Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Pakistan
| | - O. Khan
- Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Pakistan
| | - I. Ali
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi,, Pakistan
| | - T. Hussain
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi,, Pakistan
| | | | | | - M. Liaquat
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - A. Noor
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
| | | | | | - S. Rashid
- Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Pakistan
| | - A. Noreen
- Horticulture Research Station, Pakistan
| | - S. Asghar
- Horticulture Research Station, Pakistan
| | - Q. S. Anjum
- Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Pakistan
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Tahir MJ, Ashraf S, Tariq W, Cheema MS, Asghar MS, Yousaf Z. The future role of forensic radiology - scope and challenges. Radiologia (Engl Ed) 2023; 65:385-386. [PMID: 37516491 DOI: 10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Tahir
- Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center (PKLI & RC), Lahor, Pakistan.
| | - S Ashraf
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - W Tariq
- Hospital General de Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M S Cheema
- CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M S Asghar
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Z Yousaf
- Tower Health, Reading, PA, United States
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Sarwar S, Ashraf S, Shafiq M, Malik A, Akhtar S, Arshad R, Jamil M, Gul H, Ullah N. SEC24D gene as a biomarker in human cancers and its association with CD8+ T cell immune cell infiltration. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:3115-3130. [PMID: 37303662 PMCID: PMC10251021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The SEC24D (SEC24 Homolog D, COPII Coat Complex Component) gene belongs to the SEC24 subfamily of genes. The protein encoded by this gene, along with its other binding partners, mediates the transport of newly-synthesized proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. METHODS A pan-cancer analysis of this gene, as well as its diagnostic and prognostic implications, are lacking in the medical literature. First, we analyzed SEC24D gene expression, its prognostic effect, promoter methylation level, genetic alteration landscape, pathways, CD8+ T immune cell infiltration, and gene-drug network in various types of cancer through various online databases and bioinformatic tools. Then, we performed the expression and methylation validation analysis of the SEC24D gene on cell lines using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and targeted bisulfite sequencing (bisulfite-seq) techniques. RESULTS Bioinformatic analysis showed that the SEC24D gene was overexpressed in metastasis across Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC), Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LUSC), and Stomach Adenocarcinoma (STAD) patients and was a prognostic risk factor. Then, using RNA sequencing and targeted bisulfite sequencing analysis, it was validated in cell lines that SEC24D was overexpressed and hypomethylated in KIRC patients. Mutational analysis revealed that SEC24D was mutated less frequently in KIRC, LUSC, and STAD patients. It was further observed that CD8+ T cell infiltration levels were increased in SEC24D-overexpressed KIRC, LUSC, and STAD samples. Pathway enrichment analysis of SEC24D-associated genes revealed their participation in two important pathways. Moreover, we suggested a few valuable drugs for treating KIRC, LUSC, and STAD patients with respect to overexpressed SEC24D. CONCLUSION This is the first pan-cancer study that details the oncogenic roles of SEC24D among different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Akhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, A.T. Still University of Health SciencesKirksville, Missouri, USA
| | - Rabia Arshad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of LahorePakistan
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- PARC Arid Zone Research CenterDera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Hadia Gul
- Institute of Biological Sciences Gomal UniversityD. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | - Naimat Ullah
- Institute of Biological Sciences Gomal UniversityD. I. Khan, Pakistan
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Riaz N, Zubair F, Amjad N, Ashraf S, Asghar S, Awan MZ, Javaid S. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential of scorpion venom in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e259506. [PMID: 36197409 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Scorpion venom contains a variety of neurotoxins which interact with ion channels and affect their activities. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential of scorpion venom as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor by using Aedes aegypti as model organism. Venoms of two species, Hottentota tamulus (Fabricus, 1798) and Androctonus finitimus (Pocock, 1897) were selected for this study. Two peptides (36 kDa from H. tamulus and 54 kDa from A. finitimus) were separated from scorpion venom by using HPLC. Selected peptides caused significantly higher mortality in larvae and adults of Aedes aegypti than control (no mortalities were observed in control groups). Significant acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory potential of both peptides was recorded by spectrophotometer. The peptide of A. finitimus caused significantly higher mortality (95±1.53% in larvae and 100% in adults) than the peptide of H. tamulus (84.33±2.33% in larvae and 95.37±1.45% in adults). While H. tamulus peptide was more efficient in reducing AChE activity (0.029±0.012 in larvae and 0.03±0.003 in adults) than the peptide of A. finitimus (0.049±0.005 in larvae and 0.047±0.001 in adults). It was concluded that H. tamulus venom peptide was more efficiently reducing AChE activity, thus it could be a potential bio-insecticide which can be synthesized at industrial scale for the control of harmful insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Riaz
- University of Sargodha, Department of Zoology, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - F Zubair
- University of Sargodha, Department of Zoology, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - N Amjad
- University of Lahore, Department of Zoology, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - S Ashraf
- University of Lahore, Department of Zoology, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - S Asghar
- University of Lahore, Department of Zoology, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - M Z Awan
- University of Lahore, Department of Zoology, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - S Javaid
- University of Sargodha, Department of Zoology, Sargodha, Pakistan
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Torkington J, Harries R, O'Connell S, Knight L, Islam S, Bashir N, Watkins A, Fegan G, Cornish J, Rees B, Cole H, Jarvis H, Jones S, Russell I, Bosanquet D, Cleves A, Sewell B, Farr A, Zbrzyzna N, Fiera N, Ellis-Owen R, Hilton Z, Parry C, Bradbury A, Wall P, Hill J, Winter D, Cocks K, Harris D, Hilton J, Vakis S, Hanratty D, Rajagopal R, Akbar F, Ben-Sassi A, Francis N, Jones L, Williamson M, Lindsey I, West R, Smart C, Ziprin P, Agarwal T, Faulkner G, Pinkney T, Vimalachandran D, Lawes D, Faiz O, Nisar P, Smart N, Wilson T, Myers A, Lund J, Smolarek S, Acheson A, Horwood J, Ansell J, Phillips S, Davies M, Davies L, Bird S, Palmer N, Williams M, Galanopoulos G, Rao PD, Jones D, Barnett R, Tate S, Wheat J, Patel N, Rahmani S, Toynton E, Smith L, Reeves N, Kealaher E, Williams G, Sekaran C, Evans M, Beynon J, Egan R, Qasem E, Khot U, Ather S, Mummigati P, Taylor G, Williamson J, Lim J, Powell A, Nageswaran H, Williams A, Padmanabhan J, Phillips K, Ford T, Edwards J, Varney N, Hicks L, Greenway C, Chesters K, Jones H, Blake P, Brown C, Roche L, Jones D, Feeney M, Shah P, Rutter C, McGrath C, Curtis N, Pippard L, Perry J, Allison J, Ockrim J, Dalton R, Allison A, Rendell J, Howard L, Beesley K, Dennison G, Burton J, Bowen G, Duberley S, Richards L, Giles J, Katebe J, Dalton S, Wood J, Courtney E, Hompes R, Poole A, Ward S, Wilkinson L, Hardstaff L, Bogden M, Al-Rashedy M, Fensom C, Lunt N, McCurrie M, Peacock R, Malik K, Burns H, Townley B, Hill P, Sadat M, Khan U, Wignall C, Murati D, Dhanaratne M, Quaid S, Gurram S, Smith D, Harris P, Pollard J, DiBenedetto G, Chadwick J, Hull R, Bach S, Morton D, Hollier K, Hardy V, Ghods M, Tyrrell D, Ashraf S, Glasbey J, Ashraf M, Garner S, Whitehouse A, Yeung D, Mohamed SN, Wilkin R, Suggett N, Lee C, Bagul A, McNeill C, Eardley N, Mahapatra R, Gabriel C, Datt P, Mahmud S, Daniels I, McDermott F, Nodolsk M, Park L, Scott H, Trickett J, Bearn P, Trivedi P, Frost V, Gray C, Croft M, Beral D, Osborne J, Pugh R, Herdman G, George R, Howell AM, Al-Shahaby S, Narendrakumar B, Mohsen Y, Ijaz S, Nasseri M, Herrod P, Brear T, Reilly JJ, Sohal A, Otieno C, Lai W, Coleman M, Platt E, Patrick A, Pitman C, Balasubramanya S, Dickson E, Warman R, Newton C, Tani S, Simpson J, Banerjee A, Siddika A, Campion D, Humes D, Randhawa N, Saunders J, Bharathan B, Hay O. Incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery according to suture technique: Hughes Abdominal Repair Randomized Trial (HART). Br J Surg 2022; 109:943-950. [PMID: 35979802 PMCID: PMC10364691 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incisional hernias cause morbidity and may require further surgery. HART (Hughes Abdominal Repair Trial) assessed the effect of an alternative suture method on the incidence of incisional hernia following colorectal cancer surgery. METHODS A pragmatic multicentre single-blind RCT allocated patients undergoing midline incision for colorectal cancer to either Hughes closure (double far-near-near-far sutures of 1 nylon suture at 2-cm intervals along the fascia combined with conventional mass closure) or the surgeon's standard closure. The primary outcome was the incidence of incisional hernia at 1 year assessed by clinical examination. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS Between August 2014 and February 2018, 802 patients were randomized to either Hughes closure (401) or the standard mass closure group (401). At 1 year after surgery, 672 patients (83.7 per cent) were included in the primary outcome analysis; 50 of 339 patients (14.8 per cent) in the Hughes group and 57 of 333 (17.1 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.84, 95 per cent c.i. 0.55 to 1.27; P = 0.402). At 2 years, 78 patients (28.7 per cent) in the Hughes repair group and 84 (31.8 per cent) in the standard closure group had incisional hernia (OR 0.86, 0.59 to 1.25; P = 0.429). Adverse events were similar in the two groups, apart from the rate of surgical-site infection, which was higher in the Hughes group (13.2 versus 7.7 per cent; OR 1.82, 1.14 to 2.91; P = 0.011). CONCLUSION The incidence of incisional hernia after colorectal cancer surgery is high. There was no statistical difference in incidence between Hughes closure and mass closure at 1 or 2 years. REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN25616490 (http://www.controlled-trials.com).
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Haroon MZ, Farooq U, Ashraf S, Zeb S, Gillani SY, Malik S, Ali R, Irshad R, Mehmood Z, Abbas Y, Masood A, Ghafoor A, Khalil AT, Asif H, Khan S, Ujjan ID, Nigar R, Livingstone S, Pascual-Figal DA, Togni S, Allergini P, Riva A, Khan A. Colchicine anti-inflammatory therapy for non-intensive care unit hospitalized COVID-19 patients: results from a pilot open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial. J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 73. [PMID: 36302537 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2022.3.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is a hallmark of severe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Anti-inflammatory therapy is considered crucial to modulate the hyperinflammatory response (cytokine storm) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. There is currently no specific, conclusively proven, cost-efficient, and worldwide available anti-inflammatory therapy available to treat COVID-19 patients with cytokine storm. The present study aimed to investigate the treatment benefit of oral colchicine for hospitalized COVID-19 patients with suspected cytokine storm. Colchicine is an approved drug and possesses multiple anti-inflammatory mechanisms. This was a pilot, open-label randomized controlled clinical trial comparing standard of care (SOC) plus oral colchicine (colchicine arm) vs. SOC alone (control arm) in non-ICU hospitalized COVID-19 patients with suspected cytokine storm. Colchicine treatment was initiated within first 48 hours of admission delivered at 1.5 mg loading dose, followed by 0.5 mg b.i.d. for next 6 days and 0.5 mg q.d. for the second week. A total of 96 patients were randomly allocated to the colchicine (n=48) and control groups (n=48). Both colchicine and control group patients experienced similar clinical outcomes by day 14 of hospitalization. Treatment outcome by day 14 in colchicine vs control arm: recovered and discharged alive: 36 (75.0%) vs. 37 (77.1%), remain admitted after 14-days: 4 (8.3%) vs. 5 (10.4%), ICU transferred: 4 (8.3%) vs. 3 (6.3%), and mortality: 4 (8.3%) vs. 3 (6.3%). The speed of improvement of COVID-19 acute symptoms including shortness of breath, fever, cough, the need of supplementary oxygen, and oxygen saturation level, was almost identical in the two groups. Length of hospitalization was on average 1.5 day shorter in the colchicine group. There was no evidence for a difference between the two groups in the follow-up serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ferritin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) and N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT pro-BNP). According to the results of our study, oral colchicine does not appear to show clinical benefits in non-ICU hospitalized COVID-19 patients with suspected cytokine storm. It is possible that the anti-inflammatory pathways of colchicine are not crucially involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Haroon
- Department of Community Medicine, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - U Farooq
- Department of Community Medicine, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - S Ashraf
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Division, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Zeb
- Department of General Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Y Gillani
- Department of Medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - S Malik
- Department of Medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - R Ali
- Department of Medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - R Irshad
- Department of Pathology, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Z Mehmood
- Department of Neurology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Y Abbas
- Department of General Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Masood
- Department of General Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Ghafoor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A T Khalil
- Department of Pathology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - H Asif
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Division, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- Department of Pathology, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - I D Ujjan
- Department of Pathology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - R Nigar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bilawal Medical College, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - S Livingstone
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - D A Pascual-Figal
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Togni
- Research & Development Department, Indena S.p.A, Milan, Italy
| | - P Allergini
- Research & Development Department, Indena S.p.A, Milan, Italy
| | - A Riva
- Research & Development Department, Indena S.p.A, Milan, Italy
| | - A Khan
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NDCLS), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- INEOS Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Ashraf S, Chan E, Pan G, Furukawa M, Coster J, Ryan J, Kilaru S, Sanchez P. Clinical Predictors of Lung Transplant Outcomes in Patients with Scleroderma Compared with Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Sadaf T, Javid A, Hussain A, Bukhari SM, Hussain SM, Ain Q, Ashraf S, Suleman S, Saleem M, Azam SM, Ahmad U, Ali W. Studies on parasitic prevalence in pet birds from Punjab, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246229. [PMID: 34468515 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During this one year study, blood and fecal samples of doves (Zenaida asiatica), ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), pigeons (Columba livia), partridges (Alectoris chukar), turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) and goose (Chen caerulescens) were collected to assess the parasitic prevalence in these birds. The birds were kept at Avian Conservation and Research Center, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. All these avian species were kept in separate cages and their entire body was inspected on regularly basis to record external parasites. For internal parasites, 100 blood and 100 fecal samples for each species were analyzed. During present study, two species of ectoparasites i.e. fowl ticks (Args persicus) and mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) while 17 species of endoparasites; three from blood and 14 from fecal samples were identified. Prevalence of blood parasites was Plasmodium juxtanucleare 29.3%, Aegyptinella pullorum 15% and Leucoctoyzoon simond 13%. Parasitic species recorded from fecal samples included 6 species of nematodes viz. Syngamus trachea with parasitic prevalence of 50%, Capillaria anatis 40%, Capillaria annulata 37.5%, Heterakis gallinarum 28.3%, Ascardia galli 24% and Allodpa suctoria 2%. Similarly, two species of trematodes viz. Prosthogonimus ovatus having parasitic prevalence of 12.1% and Prosthogonimus macrorchis 9.1% were also recorded from fecal samples of the birds. Single cestode species Raillietina echinobothrida having parasitic prevalence of 27% and 3 protozoan species i.e. Eimeria maxima having prevalence 20.1%, Histomonas meleagridis 8% and Giardia lamblia 5.3% were recorded. In our recommendation, proper medication and sanitation of the bird's houses and cages is recommended to avoid parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sadaf
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Bukhari
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Hussain
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Q Ain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Ashraf
- The University of Lahore, Department of Zoology, Sargodha Campus, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - S Suleman
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Azam
- University of Education Lahore, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - U Ahmad
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - W Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Pallan A, Dedelaite M, Mirajkar N, Newman PA, Plowright J, Ashraf S. Postoperative complications of colorectal cancer. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:896-907. [PMID: 34281707 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer, and surgery is the most common treatment. Several surgical options are available, but each is associated with a range of potential complications. The timely and efficient identification of these complications is vital for effective clinical management of these patients in order to minimise their morbidity and mortality. This review aims to describe the range of commonly performed surgical treatments for colorectal surgery. In addition, frequent post-surgical complications are explored with investigative options explained and illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pallan
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK.
| | - M Dedelaite
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
| | - N Mirajkar
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
| | - P A Newman
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
| | - J Plowright
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
| | - S Ashraf
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
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Sadaf T, Rashid M, Hussain A, Mahmud A, Bukhari SM, Noor R, Mustafa G, Saleem M, Ali A, Ashraf S, Ali W, Javid A. Interspecific variations in external and internal egg quality among various captive avian species from Punjab, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e245261. [PMID: 34076170 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.245261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Present study was planned to determine variations in external and internal quality egg parameters of different avian species including ostrich Struthio camelus, ducks Anas platyrhynchos, chicken Gallus gallus, turkeys Meleagris gallopavo and grey francolin Francolinus pondicerinus. All the birds were kept under similar rearing conditions. A total of 150 eggs were collected for each species to record external features of these eggs. Statistically significant (p<0.05) variations were recorded in egg weight, egg length and egg width between ostrich, ducks, chicken, turkey and quail eggs. Significantly (p<0.05) higher egg weight, egg length and egg width was observed for ostrich eggs while the same was lowest for grey francolin eggs. Similarly, significantly (p<0.05) greater shape index and egg volume values were observed for ostrich eggs while lowest shape index values were recorded for turkey eggs and egg volume was lowest for grey francolin. Significantly, higher (p<0.05) values of egg density were noted for eggs of the quail and the same were lowest for ostrich eggs. Non-significant variations in egg density values were observed between eggs of the ducks, chicken, turkey and grey francolin. It has been concluded that the positive correlations between the internal and external egg quality traits indicated that the traits can be improved through selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sadaf
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Rashid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Wildlife, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Mahmud
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Poultry Production, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Bukhari
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - R Noor
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - G Mustafa
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Paistan
| | - S Ashraf
- The University of Lahore, Department of Zoology, Sargodha Campus, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - W Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
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11
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Ashraf S, Waseem M. 937 Is the Dog Still Man's Best Friend? Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
It is colloquially known that dogs are man’s best friend. However, animal attacks cause a large number of injuries and deaths worldwide, with 70% of injuries being caused by pets. This study highlights the impact of dog related injuries.
Method
Data was collected retrospectively over 1 year in a small district general hospital. The search term “dog” was used to find patients who had attended A&E or fracture clinic. This data was analysed for patient demographics, injury type and severity, management, and cost to the NHS.
Results
The majority (77%) of patients were female and elderly, with the modal age group being 70-79. Of the 38% of patients requiring admission, average length of stay was 6.7 days. Fractures made up the majority of injuries (56%) and 17% of patients required operative management. A further 2% suffered from post-operative complications. The average cost to the NHS was £1,695 per patient.
Conclusions
Dog related injuries disproportionately affected women and the elderly, with a large portion requiring operative management. Some patients developed further complications. As well as health burden there was also a financial burden associated with these injuries. These health and financial detriments are not often considered when deciding on pet ownership.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- East Cheshire NHS Trust, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - M Waseem
- East Cheshire NHS Trust, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
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12
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Ashraf S, Bogden M. 958 Pre-operative Pregnancy Testing in Paediatric Patients. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
NICE emphasises the importance of pregnancy testing before surgical procedures as a patient safety precaution, especially in 13-16-year-olds. This is because, in the UK, a third of females will have been sexually active by the age of 16, meanwhile, in England there are 67,000 operations involving females aged 12-15 annually.
Method
Guidance from NICE and RCPCH was used to create standards to compare against current practice. Surgical admissions involving females aged 13-16 were retrospectively analysed over a one-year period and compared to these standards. Changes, including creation of a protocol, revision of the clerking proforma and staff education, were implemented to improve compliance and patient data was re-audited following this.
Results
Initially, 27% of patients did not have pregnancy testing before their procedure and consent for pregnancy testing was not documented. However, when pregnancy tests were performed, the result was documented 100% of the time. After implementing changes, 100% of patients had pregnancy testing before their procedure and documentation of consent had improved.
Conclusions
Initial practice showed poor compliance with NICE and RCPCH standards. Changes implemented have shown increased compliance to NICE and RCPCH standards and these changes could be used as a model to improve clinical compliance in further areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- East Cheshire NHS Trust, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - M Bogden
- East Cheshire NHS Trust, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
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13
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Vijayan D, Malik K, Natarajan K, Berland J, Morton D, Beggs A, Ashraf S. 28 Shifting to Virtual MDT in the COVID-19 Era and Beyond. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8135803 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The COVID19 pandemic has accelerated the need for staff to work remotely. Our aim was to demonstrate how a next-generation digital platform could be used to create a virtual MDT ecosystem in order to manipulate holographic 2D and 3D images in real-time.
Method
This study involved setting up a mock virtual MDT using de-identified DICOM files from a patient who had been treated for colorectal cancer and then subsequently found to have a liver metastasis. The image file was segmented and converted into a 2D and 3D format for visualisation within Microsoft HoloLens 2 ® (smart glasses) using Holocare Solutions ® (Mixed Reality software).
Results
A seamless cross-border pipeline was developed that involved "clinician" training, DICOM segmentation and virtual connection. We successfully performed a virtual MDT with participants able to visualise and manipulate a virtual 3D organ in real-time. The digital network remotely connected sites in England and Norway. The streaming quality was stable and HIPAA compliant. Each participant could observe others as "avatars" interacting with images within the virtual ecosystem allowing image characteristics to be highlighted.
Conclusions
We successfully conducted a virtual MDT using novel hardware and software. Our intention is to conduct a large-scale study to assess the platform's effectiveness in “Real World" MDTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vijayan
- University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - K Malik
- University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - K Natarajan
- University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Morton
- University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A Beggs
- University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - S Ashraf
- University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Abbas S, Yousaf M, Ahmad I, Rehman H, Mahmood A, Ashraf S, Blouch R, Shahzad A, Nak Y, Nak D. Evaluation of serum analytes in pregnant and non-pregnant dairy cows as indicators of pregnancy. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v50i5.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to reveal the dynamics of haematological indicators in pregnant and non-pregnant dairy cows. Sixty multiparous healthy dairy cows were divided into four groups based on the length of time they had been pregnant, namely first, second and third trimesters, and non-pregnant (n=15 each). Blood was collected from each animal, and serum was harvested and stored at -20 °C for biochemical profiling. Concentrations of serum total oxidants (TOC), ceruloplasmin oxidase (CpO) and triiodothyronine (T3) were higher (P <0.05) during the third trimester compared with non-pregnant cows. Serum arylesterase (Ary) concentration was lower (P <0.05) during the second and the third trimesters compared with the non-pregnant cows. The concentration of serum total homocysteine (tHcy) was higher (P <0.05) the third trimester compared with the first and the second trimesters. The concentrations of serum total antioxidants (TAC), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), thyroxine (T4), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were not different in the pregnant and the non-pregnant cows. Thus, TOC, Ary, CpO, tHcy and T3 could be taken as biological markers to assess the progression of pregnancy and to develop management tools to improve health status during late gestation in dairy cows
Keywords: ceruloplasmin, hepatic enzymes, late gestation, triiodothyronine
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Abbas S, Rashid M, Yousaf M, Ashraf S, Rabbani I, Zaneb H, Tahir S, Shahzad A, Rehman H. Effect of maternal yeast feeding on dam performance and serum health biomarkers of Beetal goat kids. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v50i2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Supplementation with dietary yeast has improved digestibility and productive performance in ruminants. In this research the primary objective was to appraise the effects of dietary yeast supplementation of female goats during the transition period on milk composition and yield and on production and serum health biomarkers of their kids. Twenty-four Beetal goats (4 ± 1.2 years) were randomly assigned to three groups, which received 0, 5, and 10 grams/animal/day of live dried yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 60 days (30 days pre- and post-partum). All goats were fed 500 grams of concentrate with water and green fodder ad libitum. Milk samples were collected at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post kidding. Kids were weighed on days 0, 7, 15, 22, and 30, and blood samples were collected on days 15 and 30 for serum metabolites (glucose, urea, cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), serum total proteins, albumin, globulin, albumin to globulin ratio, serum oxidant and antioxidant activity (malondialdehyde) (MDA) and catalase), and liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) assessment. Milk yield was significantly (P =0.02) higher during the post-partum period in yeast-fed goats. Yeast-fed goats also produced milk containing more fat (P <0.001) and protein (P <0.001) compared with control goats. Birth weight, average daily gain, and serum health biomarkers of the kids were not influenced by the treatments. In conclusion, dietary yeast supplementation resulted in increased production performance of the dams without significant impact on their offspring.Keywords: average daily gain, catalase activity, hepatic enzymes, milk production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, transition period
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Alyas S, Roohi N, Ahmed S, Ashraf S, Ilyas S, Ilyas A. Lower vitamin D and sex hormone binding globulin levels and higher progesterone, cortisol and t-PA levels in early second trimester are associated with higher risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:51. [PMID: 32103657 DOI: 10.23812/20-35-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Alyas
- Physiology/Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - N Roohi
- Physiology/Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmed
- King Edward Medical University, Neela Gumbad, Anarkali, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Ashraf
- Physiology/Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Ilyas
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - A Ilyas
- Bio-nanotechnology and Biomaterials (BNB) Lab
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY, United States
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17
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Ashraf S, Roohi N, Alyas S, Ilyas S, Ashraf Y. LC-MS/MS analysis reveals placental differential expression of chorionic somatomammotropin hormone/human growth hormone in pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2019; 33:1823-1828. [PMID: 31842532 DOI: 10.23812/19-366-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- Physiology/Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - N Roohi
- Physiology/Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Alyas
- Physiology/Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Ilyas
- Physiology/Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Y Ashraf
- Physiology/Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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18
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Ashraf S, Kim BJ, Park S, Park H, Lee SH. RHEB gene therapy maintains the chondrogenic characteristics and protects cartilage tissue from degenerative damage during experimental murine osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:1508-1517. [PMID: 31229684 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by cartilage degeneration resulting from hypertrophic changes in chondrocytes caused by altered gene expression. The involvement of Ras homolog enriched in brain (RHEB) in OA regulation is unclear. METHODS Human knee articular cartilage samples - were analyzed for structural and biological changes by histology, immunohistochemistry, real time PCR and western blotting. OA-mouse model developed by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) were treated with adenovirus harboring Rheb gene to analyze onset and progression of OA. Histological scoring, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL assay was performed to assess cartilage damage across the entire joint. RESULTS Human and mouse OA cartilage is degenerated and has markedly reduced levels of RHEB. Human OA-degenerated chondrocytes (DC) exhibited a fibroblastic phenotype and 80 % of degenerative cartilage were senescent, with higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Gene expression analysis of DC revealed almost no COL2A1 expression and reduced SOX9 and RHEB expression. Transient transfection of RHEB rescued the DC phenotype and reduced senescence and ROS levels markedly. RHEB overexpression also increased COL2A1 and SOX9 expression. In an OA-mouse model, the Rheb protein level decreased as the severity of OA increased. Ectopic expression of Rheb using adenovirus in mouse-OA cartilage suppressed surgically-induced OA pathogenesis accompanied by modulation of Adamts5, Mmp 13, Col 10, and Col2a1 expression. Rheb induction significantly reduced apoptosis in OA-cartilage. CONCLUSION RHEB plays an important role in maintaining the chondrogenic characteristics of chondrocytes, and has potential in preventing progression of OA in the destabilize the medial meniscus (DMM) mouse model of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Shah M, Zaneb H, Masood S, Khan I, Sikandar A, Ashraf S, Rehman H, Usman M, Khan F, Amanullah H, Rehman H. Effect of zinc and probiotics supplementation on performance and immune organs morphology in heat stressed broilers. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v48i6.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Jabeen A, Reeder B, Svistunenko D, Hisaindee S, Ashraf S, Al-Zuhair S, Battah S. Effect of the Photodynamic Therapy Applications with Potent Microalgae Constituents on Several Types of Tumor. Ing Rech Biomed 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Mothojakan N, Ahmed K, Lock K, Antoni E, Gardezi S, Ashraf S, Chandio K, Patel P, Arnold Jellis J, S-C. Soo D. Malnutrition screening on admission and initial management at a district general hospital. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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McLean K, Glasbey J, Borakati A, Brooks T, Chang H, Choi S, Goodson R, Nielsen M, Pronin S, Salloum N, Sewart E, Vanniasegaram D, Drake T, Gillies M, Harrison E, Chapman S, Khatri C, Kong C, Claireaux H, Bath M, Mohan M, McNamee L, Kelly M, Mitchell H, Fitzgerald J, Bhangu A, Nepogodiev D, Antoniou I, Dean R, Davies N, Trecarten S, Henderson I, Holmes C, Wylie J, Shuttleworth R, Jindal A, Hughes F, Gouda P, Fleck R, Hanrahan M, Karunakaran P, Chen J, Sykes M, Sethi R, Suresh S, Patel P, Patel M, Varma R, Mushtaq J, Gundogan B, Bolton W, Khan T, Burke J, Morley R, Favero N, Adams R, Thirumal V, Kennedy E, Ong K, Tan Y, Gabriel J, Bakhsh A, Low J, Yener A, Paraoan V, Preece R, Tilston T, Cumber E, Dean S, Ross T, McCance E, Amin H, Satterthwaite L, Clement K, Gratton R, Mills E, Chiu S, Hung G, Rafiq N, Hayes J, Robertson K, Dynes K, Huang H, Assadullah S, Duncumb J, Moon R, Poo S, Mehta J, Joshi K, Callan R, Norris J, Chilvers N, Keevil H, Jull P, Mallick S, Elf D, Carr L, Player C, Barton E, Martin A, Ratu S, Roberts E, Phan P, Dyal A, Rogers J, Henson A, Reid N, Burke D, Culleton G, Lynne S, Mansoor S, Brennan C, Blessed R, Holloway C, Hill A, Goldsmith T, Mackin S, Kim S, Woin E, Brent G, Coffin J, Ziff O, Momoh Z, Debenham R, Ahmed M, Yong C, Wan J, Copley H, Raut P, Chaudhry F, Nixon G, Dorman C, Tan R, Kanabar S, Canning N, Dolaghan M, Bell N, McMenamin M, Chhabra A, Duke K, Turner L, Patel T, Chew L, Mirza M, Lunawat S, Oremule B, Ward N, Khan M, Tan E, Maclennan D, McGregor R, Chisholm E, Griffin E, Bell L, Hughes B, Davies J, Haq H, Ahmed H, Ungcharoen N, Whacha C, Thethi R, Markham R, Lee A, Batt E, Bullock N, Francescon C, Davies J, Shafiq N, Zhao J, Vivekanantham S, Barai I, Allen J, Marshall D, McIntyre C, Wilson H, Ashton A, Lek C, Behar N, Davis-Hall M, Seneviratne N, Esteve L, Sirakaya M, Ali S, Pope S, Ahn J, Craig-McQuaide A, Gatfield W, Leong S, Demetri A, Kerr A, Rees C, Loveday J, Liu S, Wijesekera M, Maru D, Attalla M, Smith N, Brown D, Sritharan P, Shah A, Charavanamuttu V, Heppenstall-Harris G, Ng K, Raghvani T, Rajan N, Hulley K, Moody N, Williams M, Cotton A, Sharifpour M, Lwin K, Bright M, Chitnis A, Abdelhadi M, Semana A, Morgan F, Reid R, Dickson J, Anderson L, McMullan R, Ahern N, Asmadi A, Anderson L, Boon Xuan JL, Crozier L, McAleer S, Lees D, Adebayo A, Das M, Amphlett A, Al-Robeye A, Valli A, Khangura J, Winarski A, Ali A, Woodward H, Gouldthrope C, Turner M, Sasapu K, Tonkins M, Wild J, Robinson M, Hardie J, Heminway R, Narramore R, Ramjeeawon N, Hibberd A, Winslow F, Ho W, Chong B, Lim K, Ho S, Crewdson J, Singagireson S, Kalra N, Koumpa F, Jhala H, Soon W, Karia M, Rasiah M, Xylas D, Gilbert H, Sundar-Singh M, Wills J, Akhtar S, Patel S, Hu L, Brathwaite-Shirley C, Nayee H, Amin O, Rangan T, Turner E, McCrann C, Shepherd R, Patel N, Prest-Smith J, Auyoung E, Murtaza A, Coates A, Prys-Jones O, King M, Gaffney S, Dewdney C, Nehikhare I, Lavery J, Bassett J, Davies K, Ahmad K, Collins A, Acres M, Egerton C, Cheng K, Chen X, Chan N, Sheldon A, Khan S, Empey J, Ingram E, Malik A, Johnstone M, Goodier R, Shah J, Giles J, Sanders J, McLure S, Pal S, Rangedara A, Baker A, Asbjoernsen C, Girling C, Gray L, Gauntlett L, Joyner C, Qureshi S, Mogan Y, Ng J, Kumar A, Park J, Tan D, Choo K, Raman K, Buakuma P, Xiao C, Govinden S, Thompson O, Charalambos M, Brown E, Karsan R, Dogra T, Bullman L, Dawson P, Frank A, Abid H, Tung L, Qureshi U, Tahmina A, Matthews B, Harris R, O'Connor A, Mazan K, Iqbal S, Stanger S, Thompson J, Sullivan J, Uppal E, MacAskill A, Bamgbose F, Neophytou C, Carroll A, Rookes C, Datta U, Dhutia A, Rashid S, Ahmed N, Lo T, Bhanderi S, Blore C, Ahmed S, Shaheen H, Abburu S, Majid S, Abbas Z, Talukdar S, Burney L, Patel J, Al-Obaedi O, Roberts A, Mahboob S, Singh B, Sheth S, Karia P, Prabhudesai A, Kow K, Koysombat K, Wang S, Morrison P, Maheswaran Y, Keane P, Copley P, Brewster O, Xu G, Harries P, Wall C, Al-Mousawi A, Bonsu S, Cunha P, Ward T, Paul J, Nadanakumaran K, Tayeh S, Holyoak H, Remedios J, Theodoropoulou K, Luhishi A, Jacob L, Long F, Atayi A, Sarwar S, Parker O, Harvey J, Ross H, Rampal R, Thomas G, Vanmali P, McGowan C, Stein J, Robertson V, Carthew L, Teng V, Fong J, Street A, Thakker C, O'Reilly D, Bravo M, Pizzolato A, Khokhar H, Ryan M, Cheskes L, Carr R, Salih A, Bassiony S, Yuen R, Chrastek D, Rosen O'Sullivan H, Amajuoyi A, Wang A, Sitta O, Wye J, Qamar M, Major C, Kaushal A, Morgan C, Petrarca M, Allot R, Verma K, Dutt S, Chilima C, Peroos S, Kosasih S, Chin H, Ashken L, Pearse R, O'Loughlin R, Menon A, Singh K, Norton J, Sagar R, Jathanna N, Rothwell L, Watson N, Harding F, Dube P, Khalid H, Punjabi N, Sagmeister M, Gill P, Shahid S, Hudson-Phillips S, George D, Ashwood J, Lewis T, Dhar M, Sangal P, Rhema I, Kotecha D, Afzal Z, Syeed J, Prakash E, Jalota P, Herron J, Kimani L, Delport A, Shukla A, Agarwal V, Parthiban S, Thakur H, Cymes W, Rinkoff S, Turnbull J, Hayat M, Darr S, Khan U, Lim J, Higgins A, Lakshmipathy G, Forte B, Canning E, Jaitley A, Lamont J, Toner E, Ghaffar A, McDowell M, Salmon D, O'Carroll O, Khan A, Kelly M, Clesham K, Palmer C, Lyons R, Bell A, Chin R, Waldron R, Trimble A, Cox S, Ashfaq U, Campbell J, Holliday R, McCabe G, Morris F, Priestland R, Vernon O, Ledsam A, Vaughan R, Lim D, Bakewell Z, Hughes R, Koshy R, Jackson H, Narayan P, Cardwell A, Jubainville C, Arif T, Elliott L, Gupta V, Bhaskaran G, Odeleye A, Ahmed F, Shah R, Pickard J, Suleman Y, North A, McClymont L, Hussain N, Ibrahim I, Ng G, Wong V, Lim A, Harris L, Tharmachandirar T, Mittapalli D, Patel V, Lakhani M, Bazeer H, Narwani V, Sandhu K, Wingfield L, Gentry S, Adjei H, Bhatti M, Braganza L, Barnes J, Mistry S, Chillarge G, Stokes S, Cleere J, Wadanamby S, Bucko A, Meek J, Boxall N, Heywood E, Wiltshire J, Toh C, Ward A, Shurovi B, Horth D, Patel B, Ali B, Spencer T, Axelson T, Kretzmer L, Chhina C, Anandarajah C, Fautz T, Horst C, Thevathasan A, Ng J, Hirst F, Brewer C, Logan A, Lockey J, Forrest P, Keelty N, Wood A, Springford L, Avery P, Schulz T, Bemand T, Howells L, Collier H, Khajuria A, Tharakan R, Parsons S, Buchan A, McGalliard R, Mason J, Cundy O, Li N, Redgrave N, Watson R, Pezas T, Dennis Y, Segall E, Hameed M, Lynch A, Chamberlain M, Peck F, Neo Y, Russell G, Elseedawy M, Lee S, Foster N, Soo Y, Puan L, Dennis R, Goradia H, Qureshi A, Osman S, Reeves T, Dinsmore L, Marsden M, Lu Q, Pitts-Tucker T, Dunn C, Walford R, Heathcote E, Martin R, Pericleous A, Brzyska K, Reid K, Williams M, Wetherall N, McAleer E, Thomas D, Kiff R, Milne S, Holmes M, Bartlett J, Lucas de Carvalho J, Bloomfield T, Tongo F, Bremner R, Yong N, Atraszkiewicz B, Mehdi A, Tahir M, Sherliker G, Tear A, Pandey A, Broyd A, Omer H, Raphael M, Chaudhry W, Shahidi S, Jawad A, Gill C, Fisher IH, Adeleja I, Clark I, Aidoo-Micah G, Stather P, Salam G, Glover T, Deas G, Sim N, Obute R, Wynell-Mayow W, Sait M, Mitha N, de Bernier G, Siddiqui M, Shaunak R, Wali A, Cuthbert G, Bhudia R, Webb E, Shah S, Ansari N, Perera M, Kelly N, McAllister R, Stanley G, Keane C, Shatkar V, Maxwell-Armstrong C, Henderson L, Maple N, Manson R, Adams R, Semple E, Mills M, Daoub A, Marsh A, Ramnarine A, Hartley J, Malaj M, Jewell P, Whatling E, Hitchen N, Chen M, Goh B, Fern J, Rogers S, Derbyshire L, Robertson D, Abuhussein N, Deekonda P, Abid A, Harrison P, Aildasani L, Turley H, Sherif M, Pandey G, Filby J, Johnston A, Burke E, Mohamud M, Gohil K, Tsui A, Singh R, Lim S, O'Sullivan K, McKelvey L, O'Neill S, Roberts H, Brown F, Cao Y, Buckle R, Liew Y, Sii S, Ventre C, Graham C, Filipescu T, Yousif A, Dawar R, Wright A, Peters M, Varley R, Owczarek S, Hartley S, Khattak M, Iqbal A, Ali M, Durrani B, Narang Y, Bethell G, Horne L, Pinto R, Nicholls K, Kisyov I, Torrance H, English W, Lakhani S, Ashraf S, Venn M, Elangovan V, Kazmi Z, Brecher J, Sukumar S, Mastan A, Mortimer A, Parker J, Boyle J, Elkawafi M, Beckett J, Mohite A, Narain A, Mazumdar E, Sreh A, Hague A, Weinberg D, Fletcher L, Steel M, Shufflebotham H, Masood M, Sinha Y, Jenvey C, Kitt H, Slade R, Craig A, Deall C, Reakes T, Chervenkoff J, Strange E, O'Bryan M, Murkin C, Joshi D, Bergara T, Naqib S, Wylam D, Scotcher S, Hewitt C, Stoddart M, Kerai A, Trist A, Cole S, Knight C, Stevens S, Cooper G, Ingham R, Dobson J, O'Kane A, Moradzadeh J, Duffy A, Henderson C, Ashraf S, McLaughin C, Hoskins T, Reehal R, Bookless L, McLean R, Stone E, Wright E, Abdikadir H, Roberts C, Spence O, Srikantharajah M, Ruiz E, Matthews J, Gardner E, Hester E, Naran P, Simpson R, Minhas M, Cornish E, Semnani S, Rojoa D, Radotra A, Eraifej J, Eparh K, Smith D, Mistry B, Hickling S, Din W, Liu C, Mithrakumar P, Mirdavoudi V, Rashid M, Mcgenity C, Hussain O, Kadicheeni M, Gardner H, Anim-Addo N, Pearce J, Aslanyan A, Ntala C, Sorah T, Parkin J, Alizadeh M, White A, Edozie F, Johnston J, Kahar A, Navayogaarajah V, Patel B, Carter D, Khonsari P, Burgess A, Kong C, Ponweera A, Cody A, Tan Y, Ng A, Croall A, Allan C, Ng S, Raghuvir V, Telfer R, Greenhalgh A, McKerr C, Edison M, Patel B, Dear K, Hardy M, Williams P, Hassan S, Sajjad U, O'Neill E, Lopes S, Healy L, Jamal N, Tan S, Lazenby D, Husnoo S, Beecroft S, Sarvanandan T, Weston C, Bassam N, Rabinthiran S, Hayat U, Ng L, Varma D, Sukkari M, Mian A, Omar A, Kim J, Sellathurai J, Mahmood J, O'Connell C, Bose R, Heneghan H, Lalor P, Matheson J, Doherty C, Cullen C, Cooper D, Angelov S, Drislane C, Smith A, Kreibich A, Palkhi E, Durr A, Lotfallah A, Gold D, Mckean E, Dhanji A, Anilkumar A, Thacoor A, Siddiqui Z, Lim S, Piquet A, Anderson S, McCormack D, Gulati J, Ibrahim A, Murray S, Walsh S, McGrath A, Ziprin P, Chua E, Lou C, Bloomer J, Paine H, Osei-Kuffour D, White C, Szczap A, Gokani S, Patel K, Malys M, Reed A, Torlot G, Cumber E, Charania A, Ahmad S, Varma N, Cheema H, Austreng L, Petra H, Chaudhary M, Zegeye M, Cheung F, Coffey D, Heer R, Singh S, Seager E, Cumming S, Suresh R, Verma S, Ptacek I, Gwozdz A, Yang T, Khetarpal A, Shumon S, Fung T, Leung W, Kwang P, Chew L, Loke W, Curran A, Chan C, McGarrigle C, Mohan K, Cullen S, Wong E, Toale C, Collins D, Keane N, Traynor B, Shanahan D, Yan A, Jafree D, Topham C, Mitrasinovic S, Omara S, Bingham G, Lykoudis P, Miranda B, Whitehurst K, Kumaran G, Devabalan Y, Aziz H, Shoa M, Dindyal S, Yates J, Bernstein I, Rattan G, Coulson R, Stezaker S, Isaac A, Salem M, McBride A, McFarlane H, Yow L, MacDonald J, Bartlett R, Turaga S, White U, Liew W, Yim N, Ang A, Simpson A, McAuley D, Craig E, Murphy L, Shepherd P, Kee J, Abdulmajid A, Chung A, Warwick H, Livesey A, Holton P, Theodoreson M, Jenkin S, Turner J, Entwisle J, Marchal S, O'Connor S, Blege H, Aithie J, Sabine L, Stewart G, Jackson S, Kishore A, Lankage C, Acquaah F, Joyce H, McKevitt K, Coffey C, Fawaz A, Dolbec K, O'Sullivan D, Geraghty J, Lim E, Bolton L, FitzPatrick D, Robinson C, Ramtoola T, Collinson S, Grundy L, McEnhill P, Harbhajan Singh G, Loughran D, Golding D, Keeling R, Williams R, Whitham R, Yoganathan S, Nachiappan R, Egan R, Owasil R, Kwan M, He A, Goh R, Bhome R, Wilson H, Teoh P, Raji K, Jayakody N, Matthams J, Chong J, Luk C, Greig R, Trail M, Charalambous G, Rocke A, Gardiner N, Bulley F, Warren N, Brennan E, Fergurson P, Wilson R, Whittingham H, Brown E, Khanijau R, Gandhi K, Morris S, Boulton A, Chandan N, Barthorpe A, Maamari R, Sandhu S, McCann M, Higgs L, Balian V, Reeder C, Diaper C, Sale T, Ali H, Archer C, Clarke A, Heskin J, Hurst P, Farmer J, O'Flynn L, Doan L, Shuker B, Stott G, Vithanage N, Hoban K, Nesargikar P, Kennedy H, Grossart C, Tan E, Roy C, Sim P, Leslie K, Sim D, Abul M, Cody N, Tay A, Woon E, Sng S, Mah J, Robson J, Shakweh E, Wing V, Mills H, Li M, Barrow T, Balaji S, Jordan H, Phillips C, Naveed H, Hirani S, Tai A, Ratnakumaran R, Sahathevan A, Shafi A, Seedat M, Weaver R, Batho A, Punj R, Selvachandran H, Bhatt N, Botchey S, Khonat Z, Brennan K, Morrison C, Devlin E, Linton A, Galloway E, McGarvie S, Ramsay N, McRobbie H, Whewell H, Dean W, Nelaj S, Eragat M, Mishra A, Kane T, Zuhair M, Wells M, Wilkinson D, Woodcock N, Sun E, Aziz N, Ghaffar MKA. Critical care usage after major gastrointestinal and liver surgery: a prospective, multicentre observational study. Br J Anaesth 2019; 122:42-50. [PMID: 30579405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient selection for critical care admission must balance patient safety with optimal resource allocation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between critical care admission, and postoperative mortality after abdominal surgery. METHODS This prespecified secondary analysis of a multicentre, prospective, observational study included consecutive patients enrolled in the DISCOVER study from UK and Republic of Ireland undergoing major gastrointestinal and liver surgery between October and December 2014. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore associations between critical care admission (planned and unplanned) and mortality, and inter-centre variation in critical care admission after emergency laparotomy. RESULTS Of 4529 patients included, 37.8% (n=1713) underwent planned critical care admissions from theatre. Some 3.1% (n=86/2816) admitted to ward-level care subsequently underwent unplanned critical care admission. Overall 30-day mortality was 2.9% (n=133/4519), and the risk-adjusted association between 30-day mortality and critical care admission was higher in unplanned [odds ratio (OR): 8.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.51-19.97) than planned admissions (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.43-3.85). Some 26.7% of patients (n=1210/4529) underwent emergency laparotomies. After adjustment, 49.3% (95% CI: 46.8-51.9%, P<0.001) were predicted to have planned critical care admissions, with 7% (n=10/145) of centres outside the 95% CI. CONCLUSIONS After risk adjustment, no 30-day survival benefit was identified for either planned or unplanned postoperative admissions to critical care within this cohort. This likely represents appropriate admission of the highest-risk patients. Planned admissions in selected, intermediate-risk patients may present a strategy to mitigate the risk of unplanned admission. Substantial inter-centre variation exists in planned critical care admissions after emergency laparotomies.
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Rehman HF, Zaneb H, Masood S, Yousaf MS, Ashraf S, Khan I, Shah M, Khilji MS, Rehman H. Effect of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Powder Supplementation on Pectoral Muscle Quality and Morphometric Characteristics of Tibia Bone in Broiler Chickens. Braz J Poult Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HF Rehman
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - H Zaneb
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - S Masood
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - MS Yousaf
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - S Ashraf
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - I Khan
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M Shah
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - MS Khilji
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - H Rehman
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
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Ashraf S, Mapp PI, Shahtaheri SM, Walsh DA. Effects of carrageenan induced synovitis on joint damage and pain in a rat model of knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:1369-1378. [PMID: 30031926 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with ongoing pain and joint damage that can be punctuated by acute flares of pain and inflammation. Synovitis in normal knees might resolve without long-term detriment to joint function. We hypothesised that osteoarthritis is associated with impaired resilience to inflammatory flares. DESIGN We induced synovitis by injecting carrageenan into rat knees with or without meniscal transection (MNX)-induced OA, and measured synovitis, weightbearing asymmetry (pain behaviour), and joint damage up to 35 days after OA induction (23 days after carrageenan-injection). RESULTS Carrageenan injection induced weightbearing asymmetry for 1 week, transient increase in knee diameter for 2 days, and a sustained increase in synovial macrophages, endothelial cell proliferation and vascular density compared with naive vehicle-injected controls. MNX surgery induced weightbearing asymmetry and histological evidence of OA. Carrageenan-injection in MNX-operated knees was followed for 2 days by increased weightbearing asymmetry compared either to MNX+vehicle or to sham+carrageenan groups. OA structural damage and synovitis at day 35 were greater in MNX+carrageenan compared to MNX+vehicle and sham+carrageenan groups. Carrageenan injection did not induce OA in Sham-operated knees. CONCLUSION Intra-articular injection of the pro-inflammatory compound carrageenan in OA and sham-operated control knees induced a short term increase in joint pain. Even though pain flares resolved in both groups and damage was not induced in sham-operated knees, carrageen injection exacerbated long-term joint damage in OA knees. OA knees display less resilience to inflammatory episodes. Preventing inflammatory flares may be particularly important in preventing symptoms and long term joint damage in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre and NIHR Nottingham BRC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - P I Mapp
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre and NIHR Nottingham BRC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - S M Shahtaheri
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre and NIHR Nottingham BRC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - D A Walsh
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre and NIHR Nottingham BRC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Ashraf S, Zaneb H, Masood S, Yousaf S, Usman MM, Rehman HF, Sikandar A, Rehman H. Influence of β-galacto-oligosaccharide on growth performance and components of intestinal barrier in broilers during heat stress. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v47i5.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ashraf A, Ashraf S, Hafizullah M. P1120Comparison of outcome of acute coronary syndrome patients with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to tertiary care hospital. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ashraf
- Khyber Medical College, Khyber Medical University, Cardiology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S. Ashraf
- Khyber Medical College, Khyber Medical University, Cardiology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M. Hafizullah
- Khyber Medical College, Khyber Medical University, Cardiology, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Ashraf S, Visavale G, Bahga SS, Phirani J. Spontaneous imbibition in parallel layers of packed beads. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2017; 40:39. [PMID: 28367594 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2017-11530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The imbibition of a wetting fluid in a homogeneous porous medium follows the diffusion-like behavior described by Washburn. The impregnation of a two-layered porous medium by a wetting fluid due to capillary action has been previously described to have two fronts, one saturating the medium and the other, leading front, which propagates in finer pores. Here, we report that the leading front is governed by the porous structure and is not always in the finer pores. Based on the experiments in a layered porous medium of permeability varying perpendicular to the direction of flow, we show that the permeability of the adjacent layers plays a significant role in determining the leading front amongst the layers. We have also developed an analytical model which describes the flow dynamics in the layered porous medium. The model predicts the condition for which the leading front in the larger pores is followed by the front in the finer pores. This condition is also verified experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 110016, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - G Visavale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 110016, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - S S Bahga
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 110016, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - J Phirani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 110016, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India.
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Isaac R, Hayes J, Ashraf S. Are cardiac valve patients ‘dentally fit’ and can oral and maxillofacial surgery provide a means of optimising patient outcome? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ashraf S, Khan B, Sinha R, Bukhari M. AB0796 The Predictors of Fracture in Patients with Hyperparathyroidism: An Observational Study: Table 1. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ashraf S, Ahn J, Cha BH, Kim JS, Han I, Park H, Lee SH. RHEB: a potential regulator of chondrocyte phenotype for cartilage tissue regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2503-2515. [PMID: 27061379 DOI: 10.1002/term.2148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As articular cartilage has a limited ability to self-repair, successful cartilage regeneration requires clinical-grade chondrocytes with innate characteristics. However, cartilage regeneration via chondrocyte transplantation is challenging, because chondrocytes lose their innate characteristics during in vitro expansion. Here, we investigated the mechanistic underpinning of the gene Ras homologue enriched in brain (RHEB) in the control of senescence and dedifferentiation through the modulation of oxidative stress in chondrocytes, a hallmark of osteoarthritis. Serial expansion of human chondrocytes led to senescence, dedifferentiation and oxidative stress. RHEB maintained the innate characteristics of chondrocytes by regulating senescence, dedifferentiation and oxidative stress, leading to the upregulation of COL2 expression via SOX9 and the downregulation of p27 expression via MCL1. RHEB also decreased the expression of COL10. RHEB knockdown mimics decreased the expression of SOX9, COL2 and MCL1, while abrogating the suppressive function of RHEB on p27 and COL10 in chondrocytes. RHEB-overexpressing chondrocytes successfully formed cartilage tissue in vitro as well as in vivo, with increased expression of GAG matrix and chondrogenic markers. RHEB induces a distinct gene expression signature that maintained the innate chondrogenic properties over a long period. Therefore, RHEB expression represents a potentially useful mechanism in terms of cartilage tissue regeneration from chondrocytes, by which chondrocyte phenotypic and molecular characteristics can be retained through the modulation of senescence, dedifferentiation and oxidative stress. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B-H Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-S Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Centre, Kyeunggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - H Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ashraf S, Cha BH, Kim JS, Ahn J, Han I, Park H, Lee SH. Regulation of senescence associated signaling mechanisms in chondrocytes for cartilage tissue regeneration. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:196-205. [PMID: 26190795 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adult articular chondrocytes undergo slow senescence and dedifferentiation during in vitro expansion, restricting successful cartilage regeneration. A complete understanding of the molecular signaling pathways involved in the senescence and dedifferentiation of chondrocytes is essential in order to better characterize chondrocytes for cartilage tissue engineering applications. During expansion, cell fate is determined by the change in expression of various genes in response to aspects of the microenvironment, including oxidative stress, mechanical stress, and unsuitable culture conditions. Rapid senescence or dedifferentiation not only results in the loss of the chondrocytic phenotype but also enhances production of inflammatory mediators and matrix-degrading enzymes. This review focuses on the two groups of genes that play direct and indirect roles in the induction of senescence and dedifferentiation. Numerous degenerative signaling pathways associated with these genes have been reported. Upregulation of the genes interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), p53, p16, p21, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is responsible for the direct induction of senescence, whereas downregulation of the genes transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), indirectly induces senescence. In senescent and dedifferentiated chondrocytes, it was found that TGF-β, BMP-2, SOX9, and IGF-1 are downregulated, while the levels of IL-1β, p53, p16, p21, and p38 MAPK are upregulated followed by inhibition of the normal molecular functioning of the chondrocytes. This review helps to elucidate the underlying mechanism in degenerative cartilage disease, which may help to improve cartilage tissue regeneration techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - B-H Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - J-S Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - J Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - I Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Center, 59, Yatap-ro Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeunggi-do, 463-712, South Korea.
| | - H Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Buchs NC, Kraus R, Mortensen NJ, Cunningham C, George B, Jones O, Guy R, Ashraf S, Lindsey I, Hompes R. Endoscopically assisted extralevator abdominoperineal excision. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:O277-80. [PMID: 26454256 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE) has been advocated to optimize clearance of lower third rectal cancers with an involved or threatened circumferential resection margin. ELAPE could reduce positive margins and specimen perforation compared with standard abdominoperineal excision. However, there can be difficulties with ELAPE, particularly in identifying the anterior plane in male patients. Usually, the dissection is performed in the prone position, which can be hazardous, particularly in obese patients in whom wound problems are commonly encountered. We describe an endoscopically assisted approach for ELAPE in the lithotomy position. METHOD Three male patients with a rectal tumour located at the anorectal junction underwent an endoscopically assisted ELAPE in the lithotomy position after preoperative radiotherapy. RESULTS All the procedures were performed successfully with operation times of 180, 390 and 420 mins. There were no instances of intra-operative perforation or other complications. One patient developed postoperative intestinal obstruction which resolved on conservative management. There were no wound complications. Histopathological examination demonstrated clear margins and intact mesorectal planes in each patient. CONCLUSION We report a good outcome in three patients after endoscopically assisted ELAPE. This approach allows the patient to be operated on in the lithotomy position giving excellent views of the anterior dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Buchs
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R Kraus
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - N J Mortensen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C Cunningham
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - B George
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - O Jones
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R Guy
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Ashraf
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - I Lindsey
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R Hompes
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Churchill Hospital, University Hospitals of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Hossain N, Berry M, Ashraf S, Hartley M. Consultant cover on an acute surgical GP admission unit–driving down waiting times in a North-West hospital. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Nicholson G, Knol J, Houben B, Cunningham C, Ashraf S, Hompes R. Optimal dissection for transanal total mesorectal excision using modified CO2 insufflation and smoke extraction. Colorectal Dis 2015. [PMID: 26218459 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM The new approach of transanal total mesorectal excision is technically challenging and demands a stable field of dissection with optimal view of anatomical landmarks. We aimed to describe and demonstrate a modification of both the insufflation of carbon dioxide and smoke evacuation, in order to optimize dissection. METHOD The comparison of standard insufflation to an AirSeal platform demonstrates a clear difference. This is shown in the accompanying video-recordings. RESULTS A more stable pneumorectum and better smoke evacuation as well as more convenient and precise dissection were achieved with the AirSeal platform. CONCLUSION Using the technique outlined, the operating surgeon is able to perform the surgical dissection in a stable operating environment with increased visibility compared to the standard approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Nicholson
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - J Knol
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - B Houben
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - C Cunningham
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - S Ashraf
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - R Hompes
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
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Hydes TJ, Moesker B, Traherne JA, Ashraf S, Alexander GJ, Dimitrov BD, Woelk CH, Trowsdale J, Khakoo SI. The interaction of genetic determinants in the outcome of HCV infection: evidence for discrete immunological pathways. Tissue Antigens 2015; 86:267-75. [PMID: 26381047 PMCID: PMC4858811 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diversity within the innate and adaptive immune response to hepatitis C is important in determining spontaneous resolution (SR) and treatment response. The aim of this study was to analyze how these variables interact in combination; furthering our understanding of the mechanisms that drive successful immunological clearance. Multivariate analysis was performed on retrospectively collected data for 357 patients previously genotyped for interferon (IFN)-λ3/4, killer cell immunoglobulin (KIR), human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II and tapasin. High resolution KIR genotyping was performed for individuals with chronic infection and haplotypes determined. Outcomes for SR, IFN response and cirrhosis were examined. Statistical analysis included univariate methods, χ(2) test for trend, multivariate logistic regression, synergy and principal component analysis (PCA). Although KIR2DL3:HLA-C1C1 (P = 0.027), IFN-λ3/4 rs12979860 CC (P = 0.027), tapasin G in individuals with aspartate at residue 114 of HLA-B (TapG:HLA-B(114D) ) (P = 0.007) and HLA-DRB1*04:01 (P = 0.014) were associated with SR with a strong additive influence (χ(2) test for trend P < 0.0001); favorable polymorphisms did not interact synergistically, nor did patients cluster by outcome. In the treatment cohort, IFN-λ3/4 rs12979860 CC was protective in hepatitis C virus (HCV) G1 infection and KIR2DL3:HLA-C1 in HCV G2/3. In common with SR, variables did not interact synergistically. Polymorphisms predictive of viral clearance did not predict disease progression. In summary, different individuals resolve HCV infection using discrete and non-interacting immunological pathways. These pathways are influenced by viral genotype. This work provides novel insights into the complexity of the interaction between host and viral factors in determining the outcome of HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Hydes
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - B Moesker
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - J A Traherne
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Ashraf
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - G J Alexander
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B D Dimitrov
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Academic Unit of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C H Woelk
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - J Trowsdale
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S I Khakoo
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Wentworth L, Briggs S, Keelan R, Ashraf S, Wileman L, Williams J. O-061: A comprehensive geriatric assessment in the emergency department reduces admissions and length of stay. Eur Geriatr Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-7649(15)30074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Iqbal Z, Kamran Z, Sultan J, Ali A, Ahmad S, Shahzad M, Ahsan U, Ashraf S, Sohail M. Replacement effect of vitamin E with grape polyphenols on antioxidant status, immune, and organs histopathological responses in broilers from 1- to 35-d age. J APPL POULTRY RES 2015. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfv009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Shah SM, Saini N, Ashraf S, Zandi M, Singh MK, Manik RS, Singla SK, Palta P, Chauhan MS. Comparative Expression Analysis of Gametogenesis-Associated Genes in Foetal and Adult Bubaline (Bubalus bubalis) Ovaries and Testes. Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:365-77. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SM Shah
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab; Animal Biotechnology Centre; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal India
| | - N Saini
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab; Animal Biotechnology Centre; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal India
| | - S Ashraf
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab; Animal Biotechnology Centre; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal India
| | - M Zandi
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab; Animal Biotechnology Centre; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal India
| | - MK Singh
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab; Animal Biotechnology Centre; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal India
| | - RS Manik
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab; Animal Biotechnology Centre; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal India
| | - SK Singla
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab; Animal Biotechnology Centre; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal India
| | - P Palta
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab; Animal Biotechnology Centre; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal India
| | - MS Chauhan
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab; Animal Biotechnology Centre; National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal India
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Ashraf S, Datta-Chaudhuri M, Chattopadhyay T, Ngoma P, Datta A, Catania J, Watkins, A, Bata B. 60 * CARE HOME EDUCATION PROGRAMME--MECHANISM FOR SUSTAINING IN THE FACE OF AUSTERITY. Age Ageing 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu036.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Myrelid P, Marti-Gallostra M, Ashraf S, Sunde ML, Tholin M, Oresland T, Lovegrove RE, Tøttrup A, Kjaer DW, George BD. Complications in surgery for Crohn's disease after preoperative antitumour necrosis factor therapy. Br J Surg 2014; 101:539-45. [PMID: 24615529 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of biological therapy (biologicals) is established in the treatment of Crohn's disease. This study aimed to determine whether preoperative treatment with biologicals is associated with an increased rate of complications following surgery for Crohn's disease with intestinal anastomosis. METHODS All patients receiving biologicals and undergoing abdominal surgery with anastomosis or strictureplasty were identified at six tertiary referral centres. Demographic data, and preoperative, operative and postoperative details were registered. Patients who were treated with biologicals within 2 months before surgery were compared with a control group who were not. Postoperative complications were classified according to anastomotic, infectious or other complications, and graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. RESULTS Some 111 patients treated with biologicals within 2 months before surgery were compared with 187 patients in the control group. The groups were well matched. There were no differences between the treatment and control groups in the rate of complications of any type (34·2 versus 28·9 per cent respectively; P = 0·402), anastomotic complications (7·2 versus 8·0 per cent; P = 0·976) and non-anastomotic infectious complications (16·2 versus 13·9 per cent; P = 0·586). In univariable regression analysis, biologicals were not associated with an increased risk of any complication (odds ratio (OR) 1·33, 95 per cent confidence interval 0·81 to 2·20), anastomotic complication (OR 0·89, 0·37 to 2·17) or infectious complication (OR 1·09, 0·62 to 1·91). CONCLUSION Treatment with biologicals within 2 months of surgery for Crohn's disease with intestinal anastomosis was not associated with an increased risk of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Myrelid
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, and Department of Surgery, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Unit of Colorectal Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
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Ashraf S, Zaneb H, Yousaf MS, Ijaz A, Sohail MU, Muti S, Usman MM, Ijaz S, Rehman H. Effect of dietary supplementation of prebiotics and probiotics on intestinal microarchitecture in broilers reared under cyclic heat stress. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 97 Suppl 1:68-73. [PMID: 23639019 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of prebiotics, mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) and/or probiotics (LBP) on intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) count, goblet cells (GC) count and differentiation and intestinal micro-architecture in broilers reared under cyclic heat stress. Day-old broilers (n = 250) were randomly divided into five groups. Fifty birds were reared within the thermoneutral zone (TNZ). Remaining birds were subjected to cyclic heat stress from day 21 to 42 (35° C, 75% RH, 8 h/d). The birds were fed corn-soy-based basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 0.5% MOS (HS-MOS), or 0.1% LBP (HS-LBP), or their combination (HS-SYN). The birds were slaughtered on day 42. Tissue samples were collected from mid-duodenum, jejunum and ileum, and stained with haematoxylin and eosin or combined Alcian blue and PAS technique. All differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. The IEL count increased in all intestinal segments of the HS group compared with the TNZ group and decreased in all supplemented groups compared with the HS group. Compared with the TNZ, heat stress reduced villus height, crypt depth and surface area in duodenum and ileum, and increased crypt depth in ileum. Villus width decreased in duodenum and jejunum compared with the TNZ group. Supplementation of LBP, MOS and SYN reversed all these changes in duodenum, while only increased villus height and surface area in ileum. In jejunum, the villus height and surface area increased with HS-LBP, and crypt depth increased with HS-MOS. The number of GC containing acid mucins (duodenum and ileum) and mixed mucins (ileum) were increased in the HS compared with the TNZ. Supplementation of MOS, LBP and SYN maintained the enhanced activity of goblet cells. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of MOS and/or LBP may be helpful in alleviating some of the detrimental effects of heat stress on microstructure of the broiler gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Hossien A, Khan I, Subhani H, Ashraf S. Keyhole mitral valve repair: avoidance learning curve by using low-fidelity simulator. J Cardiothorac Surg 2013. [PMCID: PMC3845974 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-8-s1-p163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
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44
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Hossien A, Khan I, Subhani H, Ashraf S. Refining visual estimation of artificial chordae length using low fidelity simulator in non-resection technique of mitral valve repair. J Cardiothorac Surg 2013. [PMCID: PMC3844994 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-8-s1-p164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Mapp PI, Sagar DR, Ashraf S, Burston JJ, Suri S, Chapman V, Walsh DA. Differences in structural and pain phenotypes in the sodium monoiodoacetate and meniscal transection models of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21:1336-45. [PMID: 23973148 PMCID: PMC3790974 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize differences in joint pathology and pain behavior between two rat models of osteoarthritis (OA) in order to inform selection of animal models for interventional studies. METHOD Knee OA was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by either meniscal transection (MNX) or intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). Controls were subjected to sham surgery or saline-injection. In a separate experiment, a single intra-articular injection of triamcinolone acetonide was administered 14 days after MNX or MIA arthritis induction. Pain behavior and joint pathology were quantified. RESULTS Both models displayed synovial inflammation, chondropathy and osteophytosis. Chondropathy scores increased with time similarly in the two models. Inflammation and osteophyte scores were greater in MNX model compared to the MIA model. At day 49, the MNX model exhibited a greater number of channels crossing the osteochondral junction compared to all other groups. The MNX model exhibited greater weight bearing asymmetry compared to the MIA model, whereas the MIA model displayed more consistent hindpaw allodynia. Triamcinolone attenuated weight bearing asymmetry and distal allodynia to control levels in the MNX model, but distal allodynia was unaltered in the MIA model. CONCLUSIONS The comparison of the two models of OA in rats, using identical assessment tools has demonstrated that although both models display features of OA, there are differences between the models which may represent different aspects of human OA. Thus, model selection should be based on the pathological aspects of OA under investigation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Arthritis, Experimental/physiopathology
- Behavior, Animal
- Cartilage, Articular/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Iodoacetic Acid/pharmacology
- Male
- Menisci, Tibial/physiopathology
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/chemically induced
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/pathology
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/physiopathology
- Osteophyte/chemically induced
- Osteophyte/pathology
- Osteophyte/physiopathology
- Pain Threshold/physiology
- Phenotype
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Synovitis/chemically induced
- Synovitis/pathology
- Synovitis/physiopathology
- Tibial Meniscus Injuries
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Mapp
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, UK.
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Hossien A, Khan I, Subhani H, Ashraf S. Low fidelity simulation of small aortic annulus; understanding the relationship between anatomical structures and enlargement procedures. J Cardiothorac Surg 2013. [PMCID: PMC3846125 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-8-s1-p5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Hossien A, Khan I, Subhani H, Ashraf S. How to reduce learning curve in tricuspid valve surgery, the low-fidelity simulator as a choice for training in conventional and minimal invasive surgery. J Cardiothorac Surg 2013. [PMCID: PMC3845391 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-8-s1-p140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Hossien A, Khan I, Subhani H, Ashraf S. Comparison between wet and dry lab in low-fidelity simulation of mitral valve surgery. J Cardiothorac Surg 2013. [PMCID: PMC3845423 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8090-8-s1-p162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Karrar S, Shiwen X, Nikotorowicz-Buniak J, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Stratton R, Bayley R, Kite KA, Clay E, Smith JP, Kitas GD, Buckley C, Young SP, Ye L, Zhang L, Goodall J, Gaston H, Xu H, Lutalo PM, Zhao Y, Meng Choong L, Sangle S, Spencer J, D'Cruz D, Rysnik OJ, McHugh K, Bowness P, Rump-Goodrich L, Mattey D, Kehoe O, Middleton J, Cartwright A, Schmutz C, Askari A, Middleton J, Gardner DH, Jeffery LE, Raza K, Sansom DM, Clay E, Bayley R, Fitzpatrick M, Wallace G, Young S, Shaw J, Hatano H, Cauli A, Giles JL, McHugh K, Mathieu A, Bowness P, Kollnberger S, Webster S, Ellis L, O'Brien LM, Fitzmaurice TJ, Gaston H, Goodall J, Nazeer Moideen A, Evans L, Osgood L, Williams A, Jones S, Thomas C, O'Donnell V, Nowell M, Ouboussad L, Savic S, Dickie LJ, Hintze J, Wong CH, Cook GP, Buch M, Emery P, McDermott MF, Hardcastle SA, Gregson CL, Deere K, Davey Smith G, Dieppe P, Tobias JH, Dennison E, Edwards M, Bennett J, Coggon D, Palmer K, Cooper C, McWilliams D, Young A, Kiely PD, Walsh D, Taylor HJ, Harding I, Hutchinson J, Nelson I, Blom A, Tobias J, Clark E, Parker J, Bukhari M, McWilliams D, Jayakumar K, Young A, Kiely P, Walsh D, Diffin J, Lunt M, Marshall T, Chipping J, Symmons D, Verstappen S, Taylor HJ, Harding I, Hutchinson J, Nelson I, Tobias J, Clark E, Bluett J, Bowes J, Ho P, McHugh N, Buden D, Fitzgerald O, Barton A, Glossop JR, Nixon NB, Emes RD, Dawes PT, Farrell WE, Mattey DL, Scott IC, Steer S, Seegobin S, Hinks AM, Eyre S, Morgan A, Wilson AG, Hocking L, Wordsworth P, Barton A, Worthington J, Cope A, Lewis CM, Guerra S, Ahmed BA, Denton C, Abraham D, Fonseca C, Robinson J, Taylor J, Haroon Rashid L, Flynn E, Eyre S, Worthington J, Barton A, Isaacs J, Bowes J, Wilson AG, Barrett JH, Morgan A, Kingston B, Ahmed M, Kirwan JR, Marshall R, Chapman K, Pearson R, Heycock C, Kelly C, Rynne M, Saravanan V, Hamilton J, Saeed A, Coughlan R, Carey JJ, Farah Z, Matthews W, Bell C, Petford S, Tibbetts LM, Douglas KMJ, Holden W, Ledingham J, Fletcher M, Winfield R, Price Z, Mackay K, Dixon C, Oppong R, Jowett S, Nicholls E, Whitehurst D, Hill S, Hammond A, Hay E, Dziedzic K, Righetti C, Lebmeier M, Manning VL, Hurley M, Scott DL, Choy E, Bearne L, Nikiphorou E, Morris S, James D, Kiely P, Walsh D, Young A, Wong EC, Long J, Fletcher A, Fletcher M, Holmes S, Hockey P, Abbas M, Chattopadhyay C, Flint J, Gayed M, Schreiber K, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Khamashta M, Gordon C, Giles I, Robson J, Kiran A, Maskell J, Arden N, Hutchings A, Emin A, Culliford D, Dasgupta B, Hamilton W, Luqmani R, Jethwa H, Rowczenio D, Trojer H, Russell T, Loeffler J, Hawkins P, Lachmann H, Verma I, Syngle A, Krishan P, Garg N, Flint J, Gayed M, Schreiber K, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Khamashta M, Gordon C, Giles I, McGowan SP, Gerrard DT, Chinoy H, Ollier WE, Cooper RG, Lamb JA, Taborda L, Correia Azevedo P, Isenberg D, Leyland KM, Kiran A, Judge A, Hunter D, Hart D, Javaid MK, Arden N, Cooper C, Edwards MH, Litwic AE, Jameson KA, Deeg D, Cooper C, Dennison E, Edwards MH, Jameson KA, Cushnaghan J, Aihie Sayer A, Deeg D, Cooper C, Dennison E, Jagannath D, Parsons C, Cushnaghan J, Cooper C, Edwards MH, Dennison E, Stoppiello L, Mapp P, Ashraf S, Wilson D, Hill R, Scammell B, Walsh D, Wenham C, Shore P, Hodgson R, Grainger A, Aaron J, Hordon L, Conaghan P, Bar-Ziv Y, Beer Y, Ran Y, Benedict S, Halperin N, Drexler M, Mor A, Segal G, Lahad A, Haim A, Rath U, Morgensteren DM, Salai M, Elbaz A, Vasishta VG, Derrett-Smith E, Hoyles R, Khan K, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Ezeonyeji A, Takhar G, Denton C, Ong V, Loughrey L, Bissell LA, Hensor E, Abignano G, Redmond A, Buch M, Del Galdo F, Hall FC, Malaviya A, Nisar M, Baker S, Furlong A, Mitchell A, Godfrey AL, Ruddlesden M, Hadjinicolaou A, Hughes M, Moore T, O'Leary N, Tracey A, Ennis H, Dinsdale G, Roberts C, Herrick A, Denton CP, Guillevin L, Hunsche E, Rosenberg D, Schwierin B, Scott M, Krieg T, Anderson M, Hall FC, Herrick A, McHugh N, Matucci-Cerinic M, Alade R, Khan K, Xu S, Denton C, Ong V, Nihtyanova S, Ong V, Denton CP, 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Basic Science * 208. Stem Cell Factor Expression is Increased in the Skin of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis and Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblasts in vitro. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Ashraf S, Hompes R, Slater A, Lindsey I, Bach S, Mortensen NJ, Cunningham C. A critical appraisal of endorectal ultrasound and transanal endoscopic microsurgery and decision-making in early rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2012; 14:821-6. [PMID: 21920011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2011.02830.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for early rectal cancer (ERC) gives results similar to major surgery in selected cases. Endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) is an important part of the preoperative selection process. This study reports its accuracy and impact for patients entered on the UK TEM database. METHOD The UK TEM database comprises prospectively collected data on 494 patients. This data set was used to determine the prevalence of ERUS in preoperative staging and its accuracy by comparing preoperative T-stage with definitive pathological staging following TEM. RESULTS ERUS was performed in 165 of 494 patients who underwent TEM for rectal cancer. It inaccurately staged rectal cancer in 44.8% of tumours: 32.7% were understaged and 12.1% were overstaged. There was no significant difference in the depth of TEM excision or R1 rate between the patients who underwent ERUS before TEM and those who did not (P = 0.73). CONCLUSION The data show that ERUS is employed in a minority of patients with rectal cancers undergoing TEM in the UK and its accuracy in this 'Real World' practice is disappointing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- Oxford Colorectal Centre, Churchill, Oxford, UK
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