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Joo S, Dhaygude K, Westerberg S, Krebs R, Puhka M, Holmström E, Syrjälä S, Nykänen AI, Lemström K. Transcriptomic Landscape of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Heart Transplant Ischemia-Reperfusion. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2101. [PMID: 38003044 PMCID: PMC10671425 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inevitable event during heart transplantation, which is known to exacerbate damage to the allograft. However, the precise mechanisms underlying IRI remain incompletely understood. Here, we profiled the whole transcriptome of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) by RNA sequencing from 41 heart transplant recipients immediately before and at 12 h after transplant reperfusion. We found that the expression of 1317 protein-coding genes in plasma EVs was changed at 12 h after reperfusion. Upregulated genes of plasma EVs were related to metabolism and immune activation, while downregulated genes were related to cell survival and extracellular matrix organization. In addition, we performed correlation analyses between EV transcriptome and intensity of graft IRI (i.e., cardiomyocyte injury), as well as EV transcriptome and primary graft dysfunction, as well as any biopsy-proven acute rejection after heart transplantation. We ultimately revealed that at 12 h after reperfusion, 4 plasma EV genes (ITPKA, DDIT4L, CD19, and CYP4A11) correlated with both cardiomyocyte injury and primary graft dysfunction, suggesting that EVs are sensitive indicators of reperfusion injury reflecting lipid metabolism-induced stress and imbalance in calcium homeostasis. In conclusion, we show that profiling plasma EV gene expression may enlighten the mechanisms of heart transplant IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeoJeong Joo
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Transplantation Laboratory, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.J.); (K.D.); (S.W.); (R.K.); (E.H.); (S.S.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Kishor Dhaygude
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Transplantation Laboratory, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.J.); (K.D.); (S.W.); (R.K.); (E.H.); (S.S.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Sofie Westerberg
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Transplantation Laboratory, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.J.); (K.D.); (S.W.); (R.K.); (E.H.); (S.S.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Rainer Krebs
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Transplantation Laboratory, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.J.); (K.D.); (S.W.); (R.K.); (E.H.); (S.S.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Maija Puhka
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, EV and HiPREP Core, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Emil Holmström
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Transplantation Laboratory, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.J.); (K.D.); (S.W.); (R.K.); (E.H.); (S.S.); (A.I.N.)
| | - Simo Syrjälä
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Transplantation Laboratory, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.J.); (K.D.); (S.W.); (R.K.); (E.H.); (S.S.); (A.I.N.)
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti I. Nykänen
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Transplantation Laboratory, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.J.); (K.D.); (S.W.); (R.K.); (E.H.); (S.S.); (A.I.N.)
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Karl Lemström
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Transplantation Laboratory, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.J.); (K.D.); (S.W.); (R.K.); (E.H.); (S.S.); (A.I.N.)
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Dhaygude K, Suominen T, Krebs R, Joo S, Holmström E, Syrjälä S, Nykänen A, Lemström K. Donor Metabolic Risk Score Predicts Graft-Related Outcome After Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Joo S, Dhaygude K, Puhka M, Krebs R, Rouvinen E, Suoranta A, Mattila P, Syrjälä S, Nykänen A, Lemström K. Donor Extracellular Vesicle Transcriptomic Profile Predicts the Risk for Acute Rejection After Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Joo S, Lee J, Kim S, Beom J, Boo K, Choi J, Jeong M. Association of beta-blockers or inhibitors of renin-angiotensin system with clinical outcomes in patients with mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction after acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In the era of the initial optimal interventional and medical therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), a number of patients with mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) (>40%, <50%) becomes increasing.
Purpose
This observational study aimed to investigate the association between oral beta-blockers or inhibitors of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and 2-year clinical outcomes in patients with mid-range EF after AMI.
Methods
Among 13,624 patients enrolled in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health (KAMIR-NIH), propensity-score matched patients who survived the initial attack and had mid-range EF were selected according to beta-blocker or RAS inhibitor therapy at discharge.
Results
Beta-blocker therapy at discharge was associated with lower 2-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE) of cardiac death, MI, revascularization or re-hospitalization due to heart failure (8.7 vs. 12.8/100 person-year; hazard ratio [HR] 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50–0.93; P=0.015), and no significant interaction between EF ≤45% and >45% was observed (P for interaction=0.354). This association was mainly driven by lower MI in patients with beta-blockers (1.6 vs. 3.1/100 person-year; HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.26–0.95; P=0.035). Inhibitors of RAS at discharge were not associated with lower 2-year MACE, but with lower re-hospitalization due to heart failure (1.8 vs. 3.5/100 person-year; HR 0.53; 95% CI 0.33–0.86; P=0.010) without significant interaction between EF ≤45% and >45% (P for interaction=0.333).
Conclusions
Beta-blockers or RAS inhibitors at discharge were associated with better 2-year clinical outcomes without significant interaction between ≤45% and >45% in patients with mid-range EF after AMI.</ef<50%)>
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2-year clinical outcomes
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Affiliation(s)
- S Joo
- Jeju National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jeju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Lee
- Jeju National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jeju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Kim
- Jeju National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jeju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Beom
- Jeju National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jeju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Boo
- Jeju National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jeju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Choi
- Jeju National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jeju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M Jeong
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Cardilogy, Gwangju, Korea (Republic of)
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Blakely C, Urisman A, Kerr D, Wu W, Bacaltos B, Rotow J, Gubens M, Jones K, Bivona T, Joo S, Riess J, Aisner D, Doebele R, Patil T, Schenk E, Kratz J, Jablons D. P26.02 A Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Osimertinib for Surgically Resectable EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Updated Results. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Adeboyeje G, Sierra M, Bartels A, Field M, Jhamb S, Buikema A, Joo S. 1471P Overall survival by BRCA and ATM mutation status in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer: Findings from the PRIOR-2 study. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Kindler H, Yoo H, McGuinness D, Cui K, Joo S, Locker G, Golan T. P-105 POLO: Patient-centred outcomes with maintenance olaparib in patients with a germline BRCA mutation and metastatic pancreatic cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Joo S, Dhaygude K, Puhka M, Krebs R, Rouvinen E, Suoranta A, Mattila P, Syrjälä S, Lemström K. Brain-Dead Donor-Derived Plasma Extracellular Vesicles May Induce Systemic Inflammation and Microvascular Dysfunction. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Chirovsky D, Liu Z, Baxi S, Chandwani S, Joo S, Ramakrishnan K. Real World Treatment Patterns and Time On Treatment in Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) Previously Treated with Platinum-Containing Chemotherapy in United States (US). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.11.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hammel P, Kindler HL, Reni M, Van Cutsem E, Macarulla T, Hall MJ, Park JO, Hochhauser D, Arnold D, Oh DY, Reinacher-Schick A, Tortora G, Algül H, O'Reilly EM, McGuinness D, Cui KY, Joo S, Yoo HK, Patel N, Golan T. Health-related quality of life in patients with a germline BRCA mutation and metastatic pancreatic cancer receiving maintenance olaparib. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:1959-1968. [PMID: 31562758 PMCID: PMC6938600 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer often have a detriment in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In the randomized, double-blind, phase III POLO trial progression-free survival was significantly longer with maintenance olaparib, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, than placebo in patients with a germline BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation (gBRCAm) and metastatic pancreatic cancer whose disease had not progressed during first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. The prespecified HRQoL evaluation is reported here. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomized to receive maintenance olaparib (300 mg b.i.d.; tablets) or placebo. HRQoL was assessed using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30-item module at baseline, every 4 weeks until disease progression, at discontinuation, and 30 days after last dose. Scores ranged from 0 to 100; a ≥10-point change or difference between arms was considered clinically meaningful. Adjusted mean change from baseline was analysed using a mixed model for repeated measures. Time to sustained clinically meaningful deterioration (TSCMD) was analysed using a log-rank test. RESULTS Of 154 randomized patients, 89 of 92 olaparib-arm and 58 of 62 placebo-arm patients were included in HRQoL analyses. The adjusted mean change in Global Health Status (GHS) score from baseline was <10 points in both arms and there was no significant between-group difference [-2.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) -7.27, 2.33; P = 0.31]. Analysis of physical functioning scores showed a significant between-group difference (-4.45 points; 95% CI -8.75, -0.16; P = 0.04). There was no difference in TSCMD for olaparib versus placebo for GHS [P = 0.25; hazard ratio (HR) 0.72; 95% CI 0.41, 1.27] or physical functioning (P = 0.32; HR 1.38; 95% CI 0.73, 2.63). CONCLUSIONS HRQoL was preserved with maintenance olaparib treatment with no clinically meaningful difference compared with placebo. These results support the observed efficacy benefit of maintenance olaparib in patients with a gBRCAm and metastatic pancreatic cancer. CLINCALTRIALS.GOV NUMBER NCT02184195.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hammel
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Hôpital Beaujon (AP-HP), Clichy, and University Paris VII, Paris, France.
| | - H L Kindler
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - M Reni
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - E Van Cutsem
- Division of Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Macarulla
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M J Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, USA
| | - J O Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D Hochhauser
- Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - D Arnold
- Department of Oncology, Asklepios Tumorzentrum Hamburg Asklepios Klinik Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | - D-Y Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A Reinacher-Schick
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - G Tortora
- Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - H Algül
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich-TUM and Department of Internal Medicine II, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - E M O'Reilly
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | | | - K Y Cui
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, USA
| | - S Joo
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, USA
| | | | - N Patel
- AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, USA
| | - T Golan
- The Oncology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Ahn MJ, Chirovsky D, Kuyas H, Auclair V, Abounit S, Joo S, Shah R, Yang MH. Global longitudinal assessment of treatment outcomes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (GLANCE-NPC) study. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz428.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hammel P, Kindler H, Reni M, Van Cutsem E, Macarulla Mercade T, Hall M, Park J, Hochhauser D, Arnold D, Oh DY, Reinacher-Schick A, Tortora G, Algül H, O’Reilly E, McGuinness D, Cui K, Joo S, Yoo H, Patel N, Golan T. POLO: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of olaparib maintenance treatment versus placebo in patients with a germline BRCA mutation and metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz247.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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13
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Almeida DM, Chai HW, Joo S, Sin N, Charles ST. LIVING A STRESSOR-FREE DAILY LIFE: PREVALENCE AND PSYCHOSOCIAL CORRELATES. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D M Almeida
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - H Won Chai
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - S Joo
- Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Center for Healthy Aging at the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - N Sin
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Song S, Jun H, Joo S. THE MODERATING EFFECT OF SELF-RATED HEALTH IN BETWEEN GRANDPARENTING AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG GRANDPARENTS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - H Jun
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Joo S, Won Chai H, Jung Jun H, Almeida DM. DAILY STRESS FACILITATES ENGAGEMENT IN EMOTIONAL SUPPORT EXCHANGE THROUGHOUT ADULTHOOD. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Joo
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Seoul-t’ukpyolsi, Republic of Korea
| | - H Won Chai
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - D M Almeida
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Park H, Jun H, Joo S. THE EFFECT OF SIMILARITY IN GENDER ROLE ATTITUDE ON MARITAL SATISFACTION AMONG MIDDLE-AGED COUPLES. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - H Jun
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee S, Jun H, Joo S, Chai H, Sin N, Almeida D. THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN DAILY POSITIVE EVENTS AND DAILY STRESS SEVERITY ON INFLAMMATION IN ADULTHOOD. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - H Jun
- . Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - H Chai
- The Pennsylvania State University
| | - N Sin
- University of British Columbia
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Lee K, Jun H, Joo S. THE EFFECTS OF MONETARY REWARDS FOR GRANDCHILD CARE ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF GRANDPARENTS IN DIFFERENT INCOME CONTEXTS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Park H, Jun H, Joo S. THE EFFECT OF GRANDCHILD CARE ON SPOUSAL RELATIONSHIP SATISFACTION OF GRANDPARENTS: A COARSENED EXACT MATCHING. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - H Jun
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Seo M, Joo S, Jung KW, Lee J, Lee HJ, Soh JS, Yoon IJ, Koo HS, Seo SY, Kim D, Hwang SW, Park SH, Yang DH, Ye BD, Byeon JS, Jung HY, Yang SK, Rao SS, Myung SJ. A high-resolution anorectal manometry parameter based on integrated pressurized volume: A study based on 204 male patients with constipation and 26 controls. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13376. [PMID: 29797379 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional anorectal manometric parameters based on linear waves cannot properly predict balloon expulsion (BE) time. We aimed to determine the correlation between integrated pressurized volume (IPV) parameters during simulated evacuation (SE) and BE time in healthy individuals and constipated patients and to assess the correlation between each parameter and symptoms. METHODS A total of 230 male participants (including 26 healthy volunteers and 204 chronically constipated patients) underwent high-resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM) and BE tests. The IPV was calculated by multiplying the amplitude, distance, and time from the HRAM profile. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and partial least square regression (PLSR) were performed. KEY RESULTS ROC analysis indicated that the IPV ratio between the upper 1 cm and lower 4 cm of the anal canal was more effective for predicting BE time (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67-0.80, P < .01) than the conventional anorectal parameters, including defecation index and rectoanal gradient (AUC: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.52-0.67, P = .01). PLSR analysis of a linear combination of IPV parameters yielded an AUC of 0.79. Moreover, the IPV ratio showed a greater clinical correlation with patient symptoms than conventional parameters. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES The IPV parameters and the combination of IPV parameters via PLSR were more significantly correlated with BE time than the conventional parameters. Thus, this study presents a useful diagnostic tool for the evaluation of pathophysiologic abnormalities in dyssynergic defecation using IPV and BE time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Joo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K W Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Soh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - I J Yoon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Koo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Seo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Hwang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Park
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D-H Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B D Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-S Byeon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-Y Jung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-K Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Rao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - S-J Myung
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hye Lim S, Jun H, Joo S, Kim S. AN EMPIRICAL TEST OF ROLE THEORY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WIDOWHOOD AND LIFE SATISFACTION. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Hye Lim
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - H. Jun
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - S. Joo
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - S. Kim
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
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Park H, Jun H, Joo S. THE PATTERN OF GENDER ROLE ATTITUDE AND MARITAL QUALITY AMONG MIDDLE-AGED KOREANS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Park
- Child and Family Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - H. Jun
- Child and Family Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - S. Joo
- Child and Family Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
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Chai H, Joo S. TIES WITH ADULT CHILDREN AND LONGITUDINAL PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP SATISFACTION OF KOREAN RETIREES. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Chai
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania,
| | - S. Joo
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
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Joo S, Jun H, Bomi C. THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL LIMIT AND NEIGHBORHOOD COMPOSITION ON DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN LATER LIFE. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.3099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Joo
- Dept. of Child and Family Studies, Yonsei, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - H. Jun
- Dept. of Child and Family Studies, Yonsei, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - C. Bomi
- Dept. of Child and Family Studies, Yonsei, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
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25
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Kim T, Joo S, Hong S. Health related quality of life in Korean patients with narcolepsy. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Alemao E, Joo S, Frits M, Iannaccone C, Shadick N, Weinblatt M. AB0448 Baseline Characteristics and Changes in Disease Activity at 12 Months in Patients Treated with Abatacept Versus Other Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Clinical Practice Setting – Results from the Brass Registry. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Alemao E, Joo S, Frits M, Iannaccone C, Shadick N, Weinblatt M. SAT0340 Evaluation of Resource Utilization in Ra Patients with and Without Infections in a Clinical Practice Setting. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Choi J, Yoo J, Lee M, Kim EG, Lee JS, Lee S, Joo S, Song SH, Kim EC, Lee JC, Kim HC, Jung YG, Kwon S. A rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test based on single-cell morphological analysis. Sci Transl Med 2014; 6:267ra174. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Alemao E, Joo S, Allison P, Al M, Rutten-van Molken M, L'Italien G, Iannaccone C, Frits M, Shadick N, Weinblatt M, Liao K. SAT0039 Development and Validation of A Prognostic Clinical Model for RAPID Radiographic Progression in Patients with RA. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Alemao E, Joo S, Banerjee S, Emery P, Weinblatt M, L'Italien G. AB0423 Impact of Anti-IL-6 Monoclonal Antibody, Clazakizumab, on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and an Inadequate Response to Methotrexate in A Phase Iib Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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31
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Alemao E, Joo S, Kawabata H, Al M, Allison P, Rutten-van Molken M, Frits M, Iannaccone C, Shadick N, Weinblatt M. THU0246 Differences (OR Variations) in Physical Functioning in RA by Disease Activity Levels Defined by Das, CDai, and SDAI in Clinical Practice. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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32
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Alemao E, Joo S, Kawabata H, Al M, Allison P, Rutten-van Molken M, Frits M, Iannaccone C, Shadick N, Weinblatt M. FRI0003 Quality of Life and Economic Benefits of Remission/Low Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Clinical Practice Setting. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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33
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Kim H, Chung J, Lee M, Joo S. Endovascular management of bleeding ectopic varices. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2013.12.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Kim T, Yi M, Joo S, Jeong J, Han J, Hong S. Cases of chronic insomnia patients treated by group cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. Sleep Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.11.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Blumentals WA, Gomez-Caminero A, Joo S, Vannappagari V. Should erectile dysfunction be considered as a marker for acute myocardial infarction? Results from a retrospective cohort study. Int J Impot Res 2005; 16:350-3. [PMID: 14985780 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among men was examined in the Integrated Healthcare Information Services National Managed Care Benchmark Database (IHCIS). The IHCIS is a fully de-identified, HIPAA-compliant database and includes complete medical history for more than 17 million managed care lives; data from more than 30 US health plans, covering seven census regions; and patient demographics, including morbidity, age and gender. A total of 12,825 ED patients and an equal number of male patients without ED were included in the retrospective cohort study. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the adjusted risk of AMI that accounted for age at ED diagnosis, smoking, obesity and medications including ACE inhibitors, beta blockers and statins. The cohort of men with ED were observed to have a two-fold increase in the risk for AMI (OR=1.99, 95% CI=1.17, 3.38) after adjusting for age at ED diagnosis, smoking, obesity, and use of ACE inhibitors, beta blockers and statins. Some evidence of a possible trend toward increased risk was detected by age group. After controlling for the aforementioned covariates and compared to men 30-39 y of age, it was noted that patients 40-44 y of age were 3.8 times more likely to develop an AMI (OR=3.76, 95% CI=1.21, 11.7), 45- to 49-y-old men were also more than three times as likely to have an AMI (OR=3.14, 95% CI=1.03, 9.64), and 50- to 55-y-old patients had a four-fold increased risk of developing AMI (OR=4.04, 95% CI=1.39, 11.7). The risk becomes more pronounced with increasing age, indicating the need for cardiologists and internists to monitor ED patients who may not necessarily present with cardiovascular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Blumentals
- Worldwide Epidemiology, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Abstract
The association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) among men was examined in the Integrated Healthcare Information Services National Managed Care Benchmark Database (IHCIS). The IHCIS is a fully de-identified, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant database and includes complete medical histories for more than 17 million managed-care lives; data from more than 30 US health plans, covering seven census regions; and patient demographics, including morbidity, age and gender. A total of 12 825 ED patients and an equal number of male patients without ED were included in the retrospective cohort study. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the adjusted risk of PVD that accounted for age at ED diagnosis, smoking, obesity and medications including angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta blockers and statins. The cohort of men with ED were observed to have a 75% increase in risk for PVD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06, 2.90) after adjusting for age at ED diagnosis, smoking, obesity and use of ACE inhibitors, beta blockers and statins. Some evidence of a possible trend towards increased risk was detected by age group. After controlling for the aforementioned covariates and compared to men aged 30-39 years, it was noted that patients aged 40-44 years were 2.1 times more likely to develop PVD (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 0.89, 4.81), 45-49-year-old men were also more than twice as likely to have PVD (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.03, 5.22), and 50-55-year-old patients had a three-fold increased risk of developing PVD (OR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.40, 6.43). The results of this study indicate that ED may serve as a marker for PVD. The risk becomes more pronounced with increasing age, indicating the need for cardiologists and internists to monitor ED patients who may not necessarily present with cardiovascular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Blumentals
- Worldwide Epidemiology, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Collegeville, North Carolina, USA
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Tomotsune D, Takihara Y, Berger J, Duhl D, Joo S, Kyba M, Shirai M, Ohta H, Matsuda Y, Honda BM, Simon J, Shimada K, Brock HW, Randazzo F. A novel member of murine Polycomb-group proteins, Sex comb on midleg homolog protein, is highly conserved, and interacts with RAE28/mph1 in vitro. Differentiation 1999; 65:229-39. [PMID: 10653359 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-0436.1999.6540229.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Polycomb group of (PcG) genes were originally described in Drosophila, but many PcG genes have mammalian homologs. Genetic studies in flies and mice show that mutations in PcG genes cause posterior transformations caused by failure to maintain repression of homeotic loci, suggesting that PcG proteins have conserved functions. The Drosophila gene Sex comb on midleg (Scm) encodes an unusual PcG protein that shares motifs with the PcG protein polyhomeotic, and with a Drosophila tumor suppressor, lethal(3)malignant brain tumor (l(3)mbt). Expressed sequence tag (EST) databases were searched to recover putative mammalian Scm homologs, which were used to screen murine cDNA libraries. The recovered cDNA encodes two mbt repeats and the SPM domain that characterize Scm, but lacks the cysteine clusters and the serine/threonine-rich region found at the amino terminus of Scm. Accordingly, we have named the gene Sex comb on midleg homolog 1 (Scmh1). Like their Drosophila counterparts, Scmh1 and the mammalian polyhomeotic homolog RAE28/mph1 interact in vitro via their SPM domains. We analyzed the expression of Scmh1 and rae28/mph1 using northern analysis of embryos and adult tissues, and in situ hybridization to embryos. The expression of Scmh1 and rae28/mph1 is well correlated in most tissues of embryos. However, in adults, Scmh1 expression was detected in most tissues, whereas mph1/rae28 expression was restricted to the gonads. Scmh1 is strongly induced by retinoic acid in F9 and P19 embryonal carcinoma cells. Scmh1 maps to 4D1-D2.1 in mice. These data suggest that Scmh1 will have an important role in regulation of homeotic genes in embryogenesis and that the interaction with RAE28/mph1 is important in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tomotsune
- Department of Medical Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Yi HC, Joo S, Nam KH, Lee JS, Kang BG, Kim WT. Auxin and brassinosteroid differentially regulate the expression of three members of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). Plant Mol Biol 1999; 41:443-54. [PMID: 10608655 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006372612574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) markedly increased ethylene production by inducing the expression of three 1aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase cDNAs (pVR-ACS1, pVR-ACS6 and pVR-ACS7) in mung bean hypocotyls. Results from nuclear run-on transcription assay and RNA gel blot studies revealed that all three genes were transcriptionally active displaying unique patterns of induction by IAA and various hormones in etiolated hypocotyls. Particularly, 24-epibrassinolide (BR), an active brassinosteroid, specifically enhanced the expression of VR-ACS7 by a distinct temporal induction mechanism compared to that of IAA. In addition, BR synergistically increased the IAA-induced VR-ACS6 and VR-ACS7 transcript levels, while it effectively abolished both the IAA- and kinetin-induced accumulation of VR-ACS1 mRNA. In light-grown plants, VR-ACS1 was induced by IAA in roots, and VR-ACS6 in epicotyls. IAA- and BR-treatments were not able to increase the VR-ACS7 transcript in the light-grown tissues. These results indicate that the expression of ACC synthase multigene family is regulated by complex hormonal and developmental networks in a gene- and tissue-specific manner in mung bean plants. The VR-ACS7 gene was isolated, and chimeric fusion between the 2.4 kb 5'-upstream region and the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene was constructed and introduced into Nicotiana tabacum. Analysis of transgenic tobacco plants revealed the VR-ACS7 promoter-driven GUS activity at a highly localized region of the hypocotyl-root junction of control seedlings, while a marked induction of GUS activity was detected only in the hypocotyl region of the IAA-treated transgenic seedlings where rapid cell elongation occurs. Although there was a modest synergistic effect of BR on the IAA-induced GUS activity, BR alone failed to increase the GUS activity, suggesting that induction of VR-ACS7 occurs via separate signaling pathways in response to IAA and BR. A scheme of the multiple regulatory pathways for the expression of ACC synthase multigene family by auxin and BR is presented.
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MESH Headings
- Brassinosteroids
- Cholestanols/pharmacology
- DNA, Plant/genetics
- DNA, Plant/isolation & purification
- Ethylenes/biosynthesis
- Fabaceae/drug effects
- Fabaceae/enzymology
- Fabaceae/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects
- Genes, Plant/genetics
- Glucuronidase/drug effects
- Glucuronidase/genetics
- Glucuronidase/metabolism
- Indoleacetic Acids/pharmacology
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Lyases/genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Multigene Family/genetics
- Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology
- Plants, Genetically Modified
- Plants, Medicinal
- Plants, Toxic
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/drug effects
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Steroids, Heterocyclic/pharmacology
- Tissue Distribution
- Nicotiana/drug effects
- Nicotiana/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Yi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Kim DH, Nam GH, Jang DS, Choi G, Joo S, Kim JS, Oh BH, Choi KY. Roles of active site aromatic residues in catalysis by ketosteroid isomerase from Pseudomonas putida biotype B. Biochemistry 1999; 38:13810-9. [PMID: 10529226 DOI: 10.1021/bi991040m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aromatic residues Phe-54, Phe-82, and Trp-116 in the hydrophobic substrate-binding pocket of Delta(5)-3-ketosteroid isomerase from Pseudomonas putida biotype B have been characterized in their roles in steroid binding and catalysis. Kinetic and equilibrium binding analyses were carried out for the mutant enzymes with the substitutions Phe-54 --> Ala or Leu, Phe-82 --> Ala or Leu, and Trp-116 --> Ala, Phe, or Tyr. The removal of their bulky, aromatic side chains at any of these three positions results in reduced k(cat), particularly when Phe-82 or Trp-116 is replaced by Ala. The results are consistent with the binding interactions of the aromatic residues with the bound steroid contributing to catalysis. All the mutations except the F82A mutation increase K(m); the F82A mutation decreases K(m) by ca. 3-fold, suggesting a possibility that the phenyl ring at position 82 might be unfavorable for substrate binding. The K(D) values for d-equilenin, an intermediate analogue, suggest that a space-filling hydrophobic side chain at position 54, a phenyl ring at position 82, and a nonpolar aromatic or small side chain at position 116 might be favorable for binding the reaction intermediate. In contrast to the increased K(D) for equilenin, the enzymes with any substitutions at positions 54 and 116 display a decreased K(D) for 19-nortestosterone, a product analogue, indicating that Phe-54 and Trp-116 might be unfavorable for product binding. The crystal structure of F82A determined to 2.1-A resolution reveals that Phe-82 is important for maintaining the active site geometry. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Phe-54, Phe-82, and Trp-116 contribute differentially to the stabilization of steroid species including substrate, intermediate, and product.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Biofunctional Molecules, Pohang University of Science and Technology, South Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Joo
- Center for Cloud and Aerosol Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821-3976, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - D. R. Worsnop
- Center for Cloud and Aerosol Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821-3976, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - C. E. Kolb
- Center for Cloud and Aerosol Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821-3976, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - S. K. Kim
- Center for Cloud and Aerosol Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821-3976, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - D. R. Herschbach
- Center for Cloud and Aerosol Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821-3976, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
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Kim SW, Joo S, Choi G, Cho HS, Oh BH, Choi KY. Mutational analysis of the three cysteines and active-site aspartic acid 103 of ketosteroid isomerase from Pseudomonas putida biotype B. J Bacteriol 1997; 179:7742-7. [PMID: 9401033 PMCID: PMC179737 DOI: 10.1128/jb.179.24.7742-7747.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to clarify the roles of three cysteines in ketosteroid isomerase (KSI) from Pseudomonas putida biotype B, each of the cysteine residues has been changed to a serine residue (C69S, C81S, and C97S) by site-directed mutagenesis. All cysteine mutations caused only a slight decrease in the k(cat) value, with no significant change of Km for the substrate. Even modification of the sulfhydryl group with 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) has almost no effect on enzyme activity. These results demonstrate that none of the cysteines in the KSI from P. putida is critical for catalytic activity, contrary to the previous identification of a cysteine in an active-site-directed photoinactivation study of KSI. Based on the three-dimensional structures of KSIs with and without dienolate intermediate analog equilenin, as determined by X-ray crystallography at high resolution, Asp-103 was found to be located within the range of the hydrogen bond to the equilenin. To assess the role of Asp-103 in catalysis, Asp-103 has been replaced with either asparagine (D103N) or alanine (D103A) by site-directed mutagenesis. For D103A mutant KSI there was a significant decrease in the k(cat) value: the k(cat) of the mutant was 85-fold lower than that of the wild-type enzyme; however, for the D103N mutant, which retained some hydrogen bonding capability, there was a minor decrease in the k(cat) value. These findings support the idea that aspartic acid 103 in the active site is an essential catalytic residue involved in catalysis by hydrogen bonding to the dienolate intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Kim
- Department of Life Sciences and Center for Biofunctional Molecules, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Kyungbuk, Korea
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Kim SW, Cha SS, Cho HS, Kim JS, Ha NC, Cho MJ, Joo S, Kim KK, Choi KY, Oh BH. High-resolution crystal structures of delta5-3-ketosteroid isomerase with and without a reaction intermediate analogue. Biochemistry 1997. [PMID: 9369474 DOI: 10.1021/bi971546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial Delta5-3-ketosteroid isomerase (KSI) catalyzes a stereospecific isomerization of steroid substrates at an extremely fast rate, overcoming a large disparity of pKa values between a catalytic residue and its target. The crystal structures of KSI from Pseudomonas putida and of the enzyme in complex with equilenin, an analogue of the reaction intermediate, have been determined at 1.9 and 2.5 A resolution, respectively. The structures reveal that the side chains of Tyr14 and Asp99 (a newly identified catalytic residue) form hydrogen bonds directly with the oxyanion of the bound inhibitor in a completely apolar milieu of the active site. No water molecule is found at the active site, and the access of bulk solvent is blocked by a layer of apolar residues. Asp99 is surrounded by six apolar residues, and consequently, its pKa appears to be elevated as high as 9.5 to be consistent with early studies. No interaction was found between the bound inhibitor and the residue 101 (phenylalanine in Pseudomonas testosteroni and methionine in P. putida KSI) which was suggested to contribute significantly to the rate enhancement based on mutational analysis. This observation excludes the residue 101 as a potential catalytic residue and requires that the rate enhancement should be explained solely by Tyr14 and Asp99. Kinetic analyses of Y14F and D99L mutant enzymes demonstrate that Tyr14 contributes much more significantly to the rate enhancement than Asp99. Previous studies and the structural analysis strongly suggest that the low-barrier hydrogen bond of Tyr14 (>7.1 kcal/mol), along with a moderate strength hydrogen bond of Asp99 ( approximately 4 kcal/mol), accounts for the required energy of 11 kcal/mol for the transition-state stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Kim
- Department of Life Science and School of Environmental Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, South Korea
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Kim SW, Cha SS, Cho HS, Kim JS, Ha NC, Cho MJ, Joo S, Kim KK, Choi KY, Oh BH. High-resolution crystal structures of delta5-3-ketosteroid isomerase with and without a reaction intermediate analogue. Biochemistry 1997; 36:14030-6. [PMID: 9369474 DOI: 10.1021/bi971546+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial Delta5-3-ketosteroid isomerase (KSI) catalyzes a stereospecific isomerization of steroid substrates at an extremely fast rate, overcoming a large disparity of pKa values between a catalytic residue and its target. The crystal structures of KSI from Pseudomonas putida and of the enzyme in complex with equilenin, an analogue of the reaction intermediate, have been determined at 1.9 and 2.5 A resolution, respectively. The structures reveal that the side chains of Tyr14 and Asp99 (a newly identified catalytic residue) form hydrogen bonds directly with the oxyanion of the bound inhibitor in a completely apolar milieu of the active site. No water molecule is found at the active site, and the access of bulk solvent is blocked by a layer of apolar residues. Asp99 is surrounded by six apolar residues, and consequently, its pKa appears to be elevated as high as 9.5 to be consistent with early studies. No interaction was found between the bound inhibitor and the residue 101 (phenylalanine in Pseudomonas testosteroni and methionine in P. putida KSI) which was suggested to contribute significantly to the rate enhancement based on mutational analysis. This observation excludes the residue 101 as a potential catalytic residue and requires that the rate enhancement should be explained solely by Tyr14 and Asp99. Kinetic analyses of Y14F and D99L mutant enzymes demonstrate that Tyr14 contributes much more significantly to the rate enhancement than Asp99. Previous studies and the structural analysis strongly suggest that the low-barrier hydrogen bond of Tyr14 (>7.1 kcal/mol), along with a moderate strength hydrogen bond of Asp99 ( approximately 4 kcal/mol), accounts for the required energy of 11 kcal/mol for the transition-state stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Kim
- Department of Life Science and School of Environmental Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, South Korea
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Abstract
Contrast enhanced CT manifestations of 141 pulmonary nodules having internal density less than 40 HU were evaluated to study the prevalence of causative disease and their differential points. Tuberculosis (n = 79) was most common, active in 96%. There were 22 cancers, 10 abscesses, 9 paragonimiases, 8 cysts, 7 metastases, 4 aspergillomas without air meniscus sign, and so on. 35% of the benign lesions were greater than 3 cm in diameter and 67% of benign lesions did not show a smooth outer margin. Lung cysts and aspergillomas showed relatively thin peripheral enhanced rim (PER), sharp transitional zone (TZ), a smooth inner border (IB), and homogeneous low densities (LD). Tuberculous nodules tended to be smaller in size with thin PER and most had smooth IB and homogeneous LD. Paragonimiasis, abscess, and cancer tended to present with thick PER and lobulated IB. Lung abscess and paragonimiasis both showed homogeneous LD and narrow TZ. However, in paragonimiasis, multiple locules were seen. Lung cancer showed wider TZ and heterogeneous LD. The size and outer margin of pulmonary nodules as a diagnostic criteria is less useful in LD pulmonary nodule. Therefore, CT can be more useful in differentiating the benign from the malignant lesions by observing a more specific and characteristic pattern of peripheral enhanced rim, transitional zone, inner border, and homogeneity of low density area.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hahm
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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