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Biswas D, Nag S, Khan AU, Ahamed F, Karim MR, Hasan MR, Haque AK. Hypoalbuminaemia as a Marker of Severity of Patients of Community Acquired Pneumonia. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:968-974. [PMID: 37777888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common presentation with an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma occurring in the community level. Despite the availability of potent antibiotics, it remains as a serious illness with significant morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. This study was undertaken to determine the relation between serum Albumin and severity of CAP. This was a cross sectional descriptive study which was carried out in the Department of Medicine of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Bangladesh from July 2019 to December 2019. The sample size was 67. Purposive sampling technique was employed. Patients of community acquired pneumonia (CAP), aged ≥14 years of both sex with recently developed radiological pulmonary shadowing with compatible clinical symptoms and signs were included. Patients who were chronically immunosuppressed, with chronic starvation, advanced liver disease or chronic kidney disease with or without receiving haemodialysis were excluded. Data analysis was done by SPSS software for Windows (version 23.0). The mean age 65.7±15.3 years, majority 13(19.4%) patients had chronic lung disease, 12(17.9%) had diabetes mellitus, 9(13.4%) had heart failure, 6(9.0%) had cerebrovascular disease, 6(9.0%) had neoplastic disease and 5(7.5%) had chronic renal failure. Majority 22(32.8%) patients had CURB-65 score 3, out of which 12(54.5%) had albumin level <20g/l, 9(40.9%) had albumin level 20.0-24.9g/l and 1(4.5%) had albumin level 25-29g/l. 17(25.4%) had score 4-5 out of which 10(58.8%) had albumin level <20g/l and 7(41.2%) had albumin level 20.0-24.9g/l, 15(22.4%) had score 2 and 13(19.4%) had score 0-1. Negative significant correction (r=-0.782; p=0.001) was found between CURB-65 score and albumin level. Significant number of patients with severe CAP show low serum albumin level at admission which is statistically significant when compared with CURB-65 score. Thus hypoalbuminaemia may be a good marker of severity of patients with CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Biswas
- Dr Debashish Biswas, Indoor Medical Officer, Department of Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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Nag S, Singh R, Kumar R. Strain-induced enhancement in the electronic and thermal transport properties of the tin sulphide bilayer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:211-221. [PMID: 34878461 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The enhancement in the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of a material is limited by the interplay between the electronic transport coefficients. Here we report the greatly enhanced thermoelectric performance of the SnS bilayer with the application of isotropic strain, due to the simultaneous increase in the Seebeck coefficient and low lattice thermal conductivities. Based on first-principles calculations combined with Boltzmann transport theory, we predict that the band structure of the SnS bilayer can be effectively tuned using the strain, and the Seebeck coefficient is significantly improved for the tensile strain. The lattice thermal conductivities for the bilayer under the tensile strain are quite low (0.21-1.89 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K) due to the smaller frequencies of the acoustic phonon modes. Along the zigzag (armchair) direction, the room temperature peak ZT value of 4.96 (2.40) is obtained at a strain of 2% (4%), which is 5.3 (2.03) times higher than the peak ZT of the unstrained bilayer along the zigzag (armchair) direction. Thus the strain-tuned SnS bilayer is a good thermoelectric material with low lattice thermal conductivities and promising ZT values at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Nag
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Ranber Singh
- Department of Physics, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Nag S, Singh R, Kumar R. Exceptionally high open circuit thermoelectric figure of merit in two-dimensional tin sulphide. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:315705. [PMID: 34038887 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac0572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric materials with high values of power factor and thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) are in great demand to make efficient thermoelectric devices. In this work, we explore the thermoelectric transport properties of layered tin sulphide (SnS) using first-principles method combined with Boltzmann transport theory. Our calculations show that the two-dimensional (2D) SnS materials have exceptionally high charge carrier mobilities and low lattice thermal conductivities as compared to other 2D materials such as graphene, phosphorene, MoS2, etc. Consequently, these 2D SnS materials have high power factor andZTvalues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Nag
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ranber Singh
- Department of Physics, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Sector 26, Chandigarh 160019, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia and Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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Radhakrishnan V, Banavali S, Gupta S, Kumar A, Deshmukh C, Nag S, Beniwal S, Gopichand M, Naik R, Lakshmaiah K, Mandavia D, Ramchandra M, Prabhash K. Excellent CBR and prolonged PFS in non-squamous NSCLC with oral CA-170, an inhibitor of VISTA and PD-L1. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nag S, Krasikova R, Airaksinen AJ, Arakawa R, Petukhovd M, Gulyas B. Synthesis and biological evaluation of [ 18F]fluorovinpocetine, a potential PET radioligand for TSPO imaging. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2270-2274. [PMID: 31257082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite of various PET radioligands targeting the translocator protein TSPO 18-KDa are used for the investigations of neuroinflammatory conditions associated with neurological disorders, development of new TSPO radiotracers is still an active area of the researches with a major focus on the 18F-labelled radiotracers. Here, we report the radiochemical synthesis of [18F]vinpocetine, fluorinated analogue of previously reported TSPO radioligand, [11C]vinpocetine. Radiolabeling was achieved by [18F]fluoroethylation of apovincaminic acid with [18F]fluoroethyl bromide. [18F]vinpocetine was obtained in quantities >2.7 GBq in RCY of 13% (non-decay corrected), and molar activity >60 GBq/µmol within 95 min synthesis time. Preliminary PET studies in a cynomolgus monkey and metabolite studies by HPLC demonstrated similar results by [18F]vinpocetine as for [11C]vinpocetine, including high blood-brain barrier permeability, regional uptake pattern and fast washout from the NHP brain. These results demonstrate that [18F]fluorovinpocetine warrants further evaluation as an easier accessible alternative to [11C]vinpocetine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nag
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - R Krasikova
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden; N.P. Bechtereva Institute of Human Brain Russian Academy of Sciences, St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A J Airaksinen
- Department of Chemistry - Radiochemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - R Arakawa
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Petukhovd
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named after B.P. Konstantinov, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Gatchina, Russia; Peter the Great St.-Petersburg Polytechnic University, St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - B Gulyas
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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Bandyopadhyay A, Roy S, Boler AK, Bose K, Nag S. Cytological identification of Schaumann bodies within granulomas clinches the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Cytopathology 2017; 29:213-214. [PMID: 29119658 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Pathology, Burdwan Medical College, The West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - S Roy
- Department of Pathology, Burdwan Medical College, The West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - A K Boler
- Department of Pathology, Burdwan Medical College, The West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - K Bose
- Department of Pathology, Burdwan Medical College, The West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - S Nag
- Department of Radiology, Burdwan Scan Centre, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
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Nag S, Tan M, Weinstein M. Parental Use of Sun Protection for Their Children – Does Skin Colour Matter? Paediatr Child Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/21.supp5.e64b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Excessive sun exposure during childhood years is a known risk factor for skin cancer. Fifty percent of lifetime UV exposure is acquired by age 19, highlighting the potential for prevention strategies in childhood. Existing guidelines from established pediatric, dermatology and cancer prevention societies are general and not specific to any skin phototype.
OBJECTIVES: Our primary objective was to compare the frequency of adequate sun protection used by parents of children with different skin phototypes. Our secondary objective was to explore parental attitudes and beliefs on sun safety for their children.
DESIGN/METHODS: Parents of children between the ages of 6 months to 6 years were systematically recruited. Parents received self-administered questionnaires containing 40-items that examine the amount of sun protection parents used on their children, as well as their attitudes and beliefs about sun safety. Parents were also requested to self-assess their child’s Fitzpatrick Phototype (FP), and based on this response, they were divided into two groups: “lighter-skinned” (FP I-III) and “darker-skinned” (FP IV-VI). Guidelines from the Canadian Dermatology Association (CDA) on sun safety were used to quantify adequate sun protection.
RESULTS: A total of 183 parents completed the questionnaires, and 150 eligible parents (the first 25 of each FP) were included in the study. Overall, only 17% of parents used adequate sun protection for their children. Parents of lighter-skinned children were significantly more likely to use adequate sun protection (OR=17.0). As their child got older, parents were also significantly less likely to use adequate sun protection for them (OR=0.64). A significantly larger portion of parents of lighter-skin children believe that sun exposure was harmful (OR=14.2) and perceived more value in sun protection (OR=14.2), whereas parents of darker-skin children were significantly more likely to believe that darker skin tones provided more sun protection (OR=4.1).
CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that parental sun protection efforts were overall low, but especially in parents of darker-skinned children. The identified underlying attitudes and beliefs can aid in the design and delivery of sun protection interventions in the future, to ensure sun safety for all children, especially in a multiracial population.
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Narayanan S, Nag S. Likelihood of use and perception towards biosimilars in rheumatoid arthritis: a global survey of rheumatologists. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2016; 34:S9-S11. [PMID: 26146845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Narayanan
- Evidence Generation, Value and Access Center of Excellence, Ipsos Healthcare, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - S Nag
- Evidence Generation, Value and Access Center of Excellence, Ipsos Healthcare, Washington, DC, USA
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Clay PG, Nag S, Graham CM, Narayanan S. Meta-Analysis of Studies Comparing Single and Multi-Tablet Fixed Dose Combination HIV Treatment Regimens. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1677. [PMID: 26496277 PMCID: PMC4620781 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Availability of a single source review of once-daily fixed-dose single tablet regimen (STR) and multiple tablet fixed-dose regimen (MTR) would optimally inform healthcare providers and policy makers involved in the management of population with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).We conducted a meta-analysis of published literature to compare patient adherence, clinical, and cost outcomes of STR to MTR.Published literature in English between 2005 and 2014 was searched using Embase, PubMed (Medline in-process), and ClinicalTrials.Gov databases. Two-level screening was undertaken by 2 independent researchers to finalize articles for evidence synthesis. Adherence, efficacy, safety, tolerability, healthcare resource use (HRU), and costs were assessed comparing STR to MTR. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed and heterogeneity examined using meta-regression.Thirty-five articles were identified for qualitative evidence synthesis, of which 9 had quantifiable data for meta-analysis (4 randomized controlled trials and 5 observational studies). Patients on STR were significantly more adherent when compared to patients on MTR of any frequency (odds ratio [OR]: 2.37 [95% CI: 1.68, 3.35], P < 0.001; 4 studies), twice-daily MTR (OR: 2.53 [95% CI: 1.13, 5.66], P = 0.02; 2 studies), and once-daily MTR (OR: 1.81 [95% CI: 1.15, 2.84], P = 0.01; 2 studies). The relative risk (RR) for viral load suppression at 48 weeks was higher (RR: 1.09 [95% CI: 1.04, 1.15], P = .0003; 3 studies) while RR of grade 3 to 4 laboratory abnormalities was lower among patients on STR (RR: 0.68 [95% CI: 0.49, 0.94], P = 0.02; 2 studies). Changes in CD4 count at 48 weeks, any severe adverse events (SAEs), grade 3 to 4 AEs, mortality, and tolerability were found comparable between STR and MTR. Several studies reported significant reduction in HRU and costs among STR group versus MTR.Study depicted comparable tolerability, safety (All-SAE and Grade 3-4 AE), and mortality and fewer Grade 3 to 4 lab abnormalities and better viral load suppression and adherence among patients on FDC-containing STR versus MTR; literature depicted favorable HRU and costs for STRs.These findings may help decision makers especially in resource-poor settings to plan for optimal HIV disease management when the choice of both STRs and MTRs are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Clay
- From the University of North Texas System College of Pharmacy, Fort Worth, TX, USA (PGC) and Ipsos Healthcare, Global Evidence, Value and Access Center of Excellence, Washington, DC, USA (SN, CMG, SN)
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Basak P, Pattanayak R, Nag S, Bhattacharyya M. pH-induced conformational isomerization of leghemoglobin from Arachis hypogea. Biochemistry Moscow 2014; 79:1255-61. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914110133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jahan M, Johnström P, Nag S, Takano A, Korsgren O, Johansson L, Halldin C, Eriksson O. Synthesis and biological evaluation of [¹¹C]AZ12504948; a novel tracer for imaging of glucokinase in pancreas and liver. Nucl Med Biol 2014; 42:387-94. [PMID: 25633247 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucokinase (GK) is potentially a target for imaging of islets of Langerhans. Here we report the radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of the GK activator, [(11)C]AZ12504948, for in vivo imaging of GK. METHODS [(11)C]AZ12504948 was synthesized by O-methylation of the precursor, AZ125555620, using carbon-11 methyl iodide ([(11)C]CH₃I). Preclinical evaluation was performed by autoradiography (ARG) of human tissues and PET/CT studies in pig and non-human primate. RESULT [(11)C]AZ12504948 was produced in reproducible good radiochemical yield in 28-30 min. Radiochemical purity of the formulated product was >98% for up to 2 h with specific radioactivities 855 ± 209 GBq/μmol (n=8). The preclinical evaluation showed some specificity for GK in liver, but not in pancreas. CONCLUSION [(11)C]AZ12504948 images GK in liver, but the low specificity impedes the visualization of GK in pancreas. Improved target specificity is required for further progress using PET probes based on this class of GK activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jahan
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - P Johnström
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; AstraZeneca Translational Science Centre at Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Nag
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Takano
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - O Korsgren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Division of Immunology, Uppsala University, SE 751 87 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - C Halldin
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - O Eriksson
- Preclinical PET Platform, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, SE 751 87 Uppsala, Sweden
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Nag S, Mokha SS. Activation of a Gq-coupled membrane estrogen receptor rapidly attenuates α2-adrenoceptor-induced antinociception via an ERK I/II-dependent, non-genomic mechanism in the female rat. Neuroscience 2014; 267:122-34. [PMID: 24613724 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Though sex differences in pain and analgesia are known, underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study addresses the selective contribution of membrane estrogen receptors (mERs) and mER-initiated non-genomic signaling mechanisms in our previously reported estrogen-induced attenuation of α2-adrenoceptor-mediated antinociception. By selectively targeting spinal mERs in ovariectomized female rats using β-estradiol 6-(O-carboxy-methyl)oxime bovine serum albumin (E2BSA) (membrane impermeant estradiol analog), and ERα selective agonist 4,4',4″-(4-propyl-[1H]-pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl)trisphenol (PPT), ERβ selective agonist 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile (DPN), G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30) agonist G1 and Gq-coupled mER (Gq-mER) agonist STX, we provide strong evidence that Gq-mER activation may solely contribute to suppressing clonidine (an α2-adrenoceptor agonist)-induced antinociception, using the nociceptive tail-flick test. Increased tail-flick latencies (TFLs) by intrathecal (i.t.) clonidine were not significantly altered by i.t. PPT, DPN, or G1. In contrast, E2BSA or STX rapidly and dose-dependently attenuated clonidine-induced increase in TFL. ICI 182,780, the ER antagonist, blocked this effect. Consistent with findings with the lack of effect of ERα and ERβ agonists that modulate receptor-regulated transcription, inhibition of de novo protein synthesis using anisomycin also failed to alter the effect of E2BSA or STX, arguing against a contribution of genomic mechanisms. Immunoblotting of spinal tissue revealed that mER activation increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) but not of protein kinase A (PKA) or C (PKC). In vivo inhibition of ERK with U0126 blocked the effect of STX and restored clonidine antinociception. Although estrogen-induced delayed genomic mechanisms may still exist, data presented here indicate that Gq-mER may solely mediate estradiol-induced attenuation of clonidine antinociception via a rapid, reversible, and ERK-dependent, non-genomic mechanism, suggesting that Gq-mER blockade might provide improved analgesia in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nag
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States.
| | - S S Mokha
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States
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Nag S, Zhang X, Srivenugopal K, Wang MH, Wang W, Zhang R. Targeting MDM2-p53 Interaction for Cancer Therapy: Are We There Yet? Curr Med Chem 2014; 21:553-74. [DOI: 10.2174/09298673113206660325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nag S, Lehmann L, Kettschau G, Toth M, Heinrich T, Thiele A, Varrone A, Halldin C. Development of a novel fluorine-18 labeled deuterated fluororasagiline ([18F]fluororasagiline-D2) radioligand for PET studies of monoamino oxidase B (MAO-B). Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:6634-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Small KM, Nag S, Mokha SS. Activation of membrane estrogen receptors attenuates opioid receptor-like1 receptor-mediated antinociception via an ERK-dependent non-genomic mechanism. Neuroscience 2013; 255:177-90. [PMID: 24452062 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To our knowledge, the present data are the first to demonstrate that activation of membrane estrogen receptors (mERs) abolishes opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL1) receptor-mediated analgesia via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent non-genomic mechanisms. Estrogen was shown previously to both attenuate ORL1-mediated antinociception and down-regulate the ORL1 gene expression. The present study investigated whether non-genomic mechanisms contribute to estrogen-induced attenuation of ORL1-mediated antinociception by the mERs GPR30, Gq-coupled mER, ERα, and ERβ. E2BSA [β-estradiol-6-(O-carboxymethyl)oxime: bovine serum albumin] (0.5mM), a membrane impermeant analog of estradiol, injected intrathecally immediately prior to orphanin FQ (OFQ;10 nmol), the endogenous ligand for the ORL1 receptor, abolished OFQ's antinociceptive effect in both male and ovariectomized (OVX) female rats, assessed using the heat-induced tail-flick assay. This effect was not altered by protein synthesis inhibitor, anisomycin (125 μg), given intrathecally 15 min prior to E2BSA and OFQ. Intrathecal application of selective receptor agonists permitted the relative contributions of various estrogen receptors in mediating this blockade of the antinociceptive response of OFQ. Activation of GPR30, Gq-mER, ERα, but not ERβ abolished ORL1-mediated antinociception in males and OVX females. E2BSA produced a parallel and significant increase in the phosphorylation of ERK 2 only in OVX females, and pre-treatment with MEK/ERK 1/2 inhibitor, U0126 (10 μg), blocked the mER-mediated abolition of ORL1-mediated antinociception in OVX females. Taken together, the data are consistent with the interpretations that mER activation attenuates ORL1-mediated antinociception through a non-genomic, ERK 2-dependent mechanism in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Small
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - S Nag
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - S S Mokha
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA.
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Qin JJ, Nag S, Voruganti S, Wang W, Zhang R. Natural product MDM2 inhibitors: anticancer activity and mechanisms of action. Curr Med Chem 2013; 19:5705-25. [PMID: 22830335 DOI: 10.2174/092986712803988910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mdm2 oncogene has recently been suggested to be a valuable target for cancer therapy and prevention. Overexpression of mdm2 is often seen in various human cancers and correlates with high-grade, late-stage, and more treatment-resistant tumors. The MDM2-p53 auto-regulatory loop has been extensively investigated and is an attractive cancer target, which indeed has been the main focus of anti-MDM2 drug discovery. Much effort has been expended in the development of small molecule MDM2 antagonists targeting the MDM2-p53 interaction, and a few of these have advanced into clinical trials. However, MDM2 exerts its oncogenic activity through both p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Recently, there is an increasing interest in identifying natural MDM2 inhibitors; some of them have been shown to decrease MDM2 expression and activity in vitro and in vivo. These identified natural MDM2 inhibitors include a plethora of diverse chemical frameworks, ranging from flavonoids, steroids, and sesquiterpenes to alkaloids. In addition to a brief review of synthetic MDM2 inhibitors, this review focuses on natural product MDM2 inhibitors, summarizing their biological activities in vitro and in vivo and the underlying molecular mechanisms of action, targeting MDM2 itself, regulators of MDM2, and/or the MDM2-p53 interaction. These MDM2 inhibitors can be used alone or in combination with conventional treatments, improving the prospects for cancer therapy and prevention. Their complex and unique molecular architectures may provide a stimulus for developing synthetic analogs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 1300 S. Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
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Nag S, Lehmann L, Kettschau G, Heinrich T, Thiele A, Varrone A, Gulyas B, Halldin C. Synthesis and evaluation of [18F]fluororasagiline, a novel positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand for monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:3065-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nagarajan M, Jones G, Frobe A, Ghosh-Laskar S, Kotzen J, Pokharel B, Shami A, Thephamongkhol K, Xiao Z, Nag S. 35 RESOURCE SPARING SHORT COURSE RADIATION VS. LONG COURSE RADIATION TO PALLIATE OESOPHAGEAL CANCER AFTER BRACHYTHERAPY: A REPORT OF IAEA RANDOMIZED TRIAL E33027. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)70022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Parikh PM, Gupta S, Parikh B, Smruti BK, Issrani J, Topiwala S, Goswami C, Bhattacharya GS, Sen T, Sekhon JS, Malhotra H, Nag S, Chacko RT, Govind KB, Raja T, Vaid AK, Doval DC, Gupta S, Das PK. Management of primary and metastatic triple negative breast cancer: perceptions of oncologists from India. Indian J Cancer 2011; 48:158-64. [PMID: 21768659 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.82874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to document the understanding of current evidence for the management of triple negative breast cancer and application of this knowledge in daily practice, we conducted an interactive survey of practicing Indian oncologists. MATERIALS AND METHODS A core group of academic oncologists devised two hypothetical triple negative cases (metastatic and early breast cancer, respectively) and multiple choice options under different clinical circumstances. The respondents were practicing oncologists in different Indian cities who participated in either an online survey or a meeting. The participants electronically chose their preferred option based on their everyday practice. RESULTS A total of 152 oncologists participated. Just over half (53.8%) preferred taxane based chemotherapy as first-line chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. In the adjuvant setting, a taxane regimen was chosen by 61%. Over half of respondents (52.6%) underestimated the baseline survival of a patient with node positive triple-negative tumor and 18.9% overestimated this survival compared to the estimate of the Adjuvant! program. DISCUSSION This data offers insight into the perceptions and practice of a diverse cross-section of practicing oncologists in India with respect to their therapeutic choices in metastatic and adjuvant settings in triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Parikh
- Indian Co-operative Oncology Network, Mumbai, India.
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Nag S, Devaraj A, Srinivasan R, Williams REA, Gupta N, Viswanathan GB, Tiley JS, Banerjee S, Srinivasan SG, Fraser HL, Banerjee R. Novel mixed-mode phase transition involving a composition-dependent displacive component. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:245701. [PMID: 21770581 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.245701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Solid-solid displacive, structural phase transformations typically undergo a discrete structural change from a parent to a product phase. Coupling electron microscopy, three-dimensional atom probe, and first-principles computations, we present the first direct evidence of a novel mechanism for a coupled diffusional-displacive transformation in titanium-molybdenum alloys wherein the displacive component in the product phase changes continuously with changing composition. These results have implications for other transformations and cannot be explained by conventional theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nag
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
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Abstract
Historically, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was considered to be at the level of cerebral endothelium. Currently, the interaction of endothelium with other components of the vessel wall and with neurones and glial cells is considered to constitute a functional unit, termed the neurovascular unit that maintains cerebral homeostasis in steady states and brain injury. The emphasis of this review is on cerebral endothelium, the best-studied component of the neurovascular unit, and its permeability mechanisms in health and acute brain injury. Major advances have been made in unravelling the molecular structure of caveolae and tight junctions, both of which are components of the structural barrier to the entry of plasma proteins into brain. Time course studies suggest that caveolar changes precede junctional changes in acute brain injury. Additional factors modulating BBB permeability in acute brain injury are matrix metalloproteinases-2 and 9 and angiogenic factors, the most notable being vascular endothelial growth factor-A and angiopoietins (Ang) 1 and 2. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A and Ang2 have emerged as potent inducers of BBB breakdown while Ang1 is a potent anti-leakage factor. These factors have the potential to modulate permeability in acute brain injury and this is an area of ongoing research. Overall, a combination of haemodynamic, structural and molecular alterations affecting brain endothelium results in BBB breakdown in acute brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nag
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Dawson R, Li Y, Gunes M, Heller D, Nag S, Collins R, Wronski C, Bennett M, Li Y. Optical Properties of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon, Silicon-Germanium and Silicon-Carbon Thin Films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-258-595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe optical properties of solar cell grade hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), silicon germanium (a-SiGe:H) and silicon carbon (a-SiC:H) alloy thin films have been investigated over a wide photon energy range (0.8–4.8 eV) using a combination of subgap photoconductivity, reflection and transmission, and spectroscopie ellipsometry techniques in order to obtain accurate optical functions for solar cell modelling. Studies on films with thicknesses ranging from a few hundred Å to a few microns show that the optical spectra obtained by the different techniques agree closely over the energy ranges of overlap and display no thickness dependence from the Urbach tail energies and above. Thus, the results appear to be free of measurement and sample related artifacts. Three different methods provide a common value for the optical gap within ±0.02 eV and the result for a-Si:H is ∼0.1 eV below the mobility gap.
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Abstract
This review article provides the current recommendations and evidence for the correct management of anemia in cancer patients. The various options available include transfusions, iron and erythropoiesis stimulation. The indications, pros and cons of each option are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Bhattacharyya P, Bardhan S, Nag S, Mukherjee S, Verma A. Transthoracic decompression of emphysematous bulla: a novel experience. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2011; 53:51-53. [PMID: 21446225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Emphysematous bullae are closed air containing spaces in lung parenchyma that may severely compromise lung function in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We describe a simple and minimally invasive procedure to decompress a large emphysematous bullae in a patient with advanced COPD and high surgical risk. Transthoracic decompression of the bulla was accomplished under short-acting anaesthesia and muscle relaxation resulting in significant symptomatic, radiological and functional improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bhattacharyya
- Institute of Pulmocare and Research, Calcutta Medical College, Kolkata, India.
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Nag S, Lehmann L, Kettschau G, Heinrich T, Brumby T, Thiele A, Varrone A, Gulyas B, Halldin C. Synthesis of three F-18 labeled analogues of l-deprenyl for PET studies of monoamine oxidase B. Neuroimage 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.04.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Jones SC, Smith D, Nag S, Bilous MT, Winship S, Wood A, Bilous RW. Prevalence and nature of anaemia in a prospective, population-based sample of people with diabetes: Teesside anaemia in diabetes (TAD) study. Diabet Med 2010; 27:655-9. [PMID: 20546283 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.02987.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Anaemia occurs in 25% of people attending hospital diabetes clinics, but this may not be representative of all people with diabetes. We aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia in a prospective population-based sample stratified by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the 4-point Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. METHODS All 7331 patients on our district register were stratified by eGFR. Seven hundred and thirty were approached by letter on two occasions. Two hundred and thirty-four (32%) returned questionnaires and blood samples. Responders (R), non-responders (NR) and the whole cohort (C) were similar: mean +/- sd age R 61.7 +/- 12.7 years; NR 61.3 +/- 15.1 years; C 61.8 +/- 14.2 years; diabetes duration R 8.8 +/- 8.6 years; NR 8.2 +/- 7.9 years; C 7.5 +/- 7.8 years, Type 1 diabetes R 10.1%, NR 10.8%, C 9.4%. Anaemia was defined using World Health Organization criteria: haemoglobin < 13 g/dl for men, < 12 g/dl for women. RESULTS Previously undiagnosed anaemia was present in 15% of the whole group, 36% with eGFR < 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) and 9% of those with eGFR > 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). Anaemia was as a result of erythropoietin deficiency in 34%, abnormal haematinics in 40% and was unexplained in 26% of patients. Five per cent of the patients had anaemia below the treatment threshold of 11 g/dl. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of unrecognized anaemia in population-based cohorts is lower than that in hospital-based studies. Current clinical surveillance in the UK is failing to detect anaemia in stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease (eGFR < 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)) and current guidelines will not detect 9% of diabetic patients with anaemia and an eGFR > 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Jones
- William Kelly Diabetes Centre, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK.
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Maiya V, Sathiyanarayanan K, Gupta K, Bhangle J, Joseph J, Babu N, Nag S, Koppiker C. SIMULTANEOUS SYNCHRONOUS BILATERAL BREAST CARCINOMAS: RADIOTHERAPY TECHNIQUE AND TOXICITY PROFILE. Radiother Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)72959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nag S, Sanyal S, Biswas NM. Bromocriptine induced hypoprolactinemia and accessory reproductive glands response to testosterone in castrated male rats. Andrologia 2009; 15 Spec No:560-4. [PMID: 6666862 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.1983.tb00212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Testosterone stimulates the Accessory Reproductive Glands (ARG) and may increase the serum titres of prolactin in castrated male rats. Bromocriptine antagonizes the testosterone-induced alteration of ARG responses; the testosterone antagonistic action of bromocriptine depends on the degree of serum prolactin depletion.
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Abstract
AIMS Increased endothelial caveolae leading to transcytosis of plasma proteins is associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown and cerebral oedema in brain injury. Increased expression of caveolin-1alpha (Cav-1), an integral caveolar membrane protein, was reported in endothelium of arterioles and veins with BBB breakdown to fibronectin post injury. In this study the phosphorylation state of Cav-1 and its association with BBB breakdown was determined in the rat cortical cold injury model over a period of days 0.5-6 post lesion. METHODS Expression of phosphorylated Cav-1 was determined by immunoblotting and dual labelling immunofluorescence for phosphorylated caveolin-1 and fibronectin, a marker of BBB breakdown. A phospho-specific monoclonal antibody that selectively recognizes only tyrosine 14-phosphorylated Cav-1 (PY14Cav-1) was used. RESULTS Immunoblots showed constitutive expression of PY14Cav-1 in cortex of control rats and a significant increase in PY14Cav-1 expression at the lesion site up to day 4 post lesion. PY14Cav-1 immunostaining was observed in the endothelium of lesion vessels at days 0.5-4 post lesion, in neutrophils at days 0.5 and 2 and in macrophages at day 6 post lesion. Dual labelling showed that 100% of vessels with BBB breakdown to fibronectin showed endothelial PY14Cav-1 on day 0.5, the percentage decreasing to 62% on day 4. On day 6, none of the vessels showed endothelial phosphorylated Cav-1. CONCLUSIONS The presence of phosphorylated Cav-1 in endothelium of vessels showing BBB breakdown suggests that phosphorylated Cav-1 signalling may be one of the factors associated with early BBB breakdown and brain oedema in brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nag
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, and
| | - J L Manias
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, and
| | - D J Stewart
- Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Neff RL, Sharif S, Al Saif O, Nag S, Grecula J, Walker M. The impact of initial surgery at a cancer hospital on the outcome of retroperitoneal sarcomas. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.10597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ranade AA, Bapsy PP, Nag S, Raghunadharao D, Raina V, Advani SH, Mishra SK, Tyagi S, Burman AC, Parikh PM. A novel, cremophor-free, polymeric nanoparticle paclitaxel (do/ndr/02) multicenter study in advanced/ metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Julka PK, Chacko RT, Nag S, Parshad R, Nair A, Oh DS, Hu Z, Koppiker CB, Nair S, Dawar R, Dhindsa N, Miller ID, Ma D, Lin B, Awasthy B, Perou CM. A phase II study of sequential neoadjuvant gemcitabine plus doxorubicin followed by gemcitabine plus cisplatin in patients with operable breast cancer: prediction of response using molecular profiling. Br J Cancer 2008; 98:1327-35. [PMID: 18382427 PMCID: PMC2361717 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2007] [Revised: 02/25/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the pathological complete response (pCR) rate and safety of sequential gemcitabine-based combinations in breast cancer. We also examined gene expression profiles from tumour biopsies to identify biomarkers predictive of response. Indian women with large or locally advanced breast cancer received 4 cycles of gemcitabine 1200 mg m(-2) plus doxorubicin 60 mg m(-2) (Gem+Dox), then 4 cycles of gemcitabine 1000 mg m(-2) plus cisplatin 70 mg m(-2) (Gem+Cis), and surgery. Three alternate dosing sequences were used during cycle 1 to examine dynamic changes in molecular profiles. Of 65 women treated, 13 (24.5% of 53 patients with surgery) had a pCR and 22 (33.8%) had a complete clinical response. Patients administered Gem d1, 8 and Dox d2 in cycle 1 (20 of 65) reported more toxicities, with G3/4 neutropenic infection/febrile neutropenia (7 of 20) as the most common cycle-1 event. Four drug-related deaths occurred. In 46 of 65 patients, 10-fold cross validated supervised analyses identified gene expression patterns that predicted with >or=73% accuracy (1) clinical complete response after eight cycles, (2) overall clinical complete response, and (3) pCR. This regimen shows strong activity. Patients receiving Gem d1, 8 and Dox d2 experienced unacceptable toxicity, whereas patients on other sequences had manageable safety profiles. Gene expression patterns may predict benefit from gemcitabine-containing neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Julka
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, AIIMS, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - R T Chacko
- Department of Medical Oncology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India
| | - S Nag
- Department of Medical Oncology, HCJMRI, Pune, Maharashtra 411001, India
| | - R Parshad
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, AIIMS, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - A Nair
- Department of Medical Oncology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India
| | - D S Oh
- Departments of Genetics and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Z Hu
- Departments of Genetics and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - C B Koppiker
- Department of Medical Oncology, HCJMRI, Pune, Maharashtra 411001, India
| | - S Nair
- Department of Medical Oncology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India
| | - R Dawar
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, AIIMS, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - N Dhindsa
- Eli Lilly and Company (India) Pvt. Ltd., Gurgaon, Haryana 122001, India
| | - I D Miller
- Department of Pathology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - D Ma
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - B Lin
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
| | - B Awasthy
- Health Care Global Enterprises, Curie Centre of Oncology, St John's Hospital Campus, Koramangala, Bangalore 560034, India
| | - C M Perou
- Departments of Genetics and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Llombart A, Nag S, Calderillo-Ruiz G, Rolski J, Pluzanska A, Simms L, Look K, Gill J, Melemed A, O'Shaughnessy J. Phase III study of gemcitabine (G) plus paclitaxel (T) versus T in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) – Post-study chemotherapy (PSC) trend analysis. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)70884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Thompson AD, Angelotti T, Nag S, Mokha SS. Sex-specific modulation of spinal nociception by alpha2-adrenoceptors: differential regulation by estrogen and testosterone. Neuroscience 2008; 153:1268-77. [PMID: 18434028 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2008] [Revised: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 03/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sex-related differences in antinociception produced by the activation of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors (alpha(2)-ARs) have been reported, however, the precise role of gonadal steroids is still unknown. Hence, we hypothesized that estrogen and testosterone modulate antinociceptive effects of clonidine (an alpha(2)-AR agonist) on N-methyl-D-aspartate- (NMDA) and heat-induced spinal nociception. We also investigated whether estrogen or testosterone alters the expression of alpha(2A)-adrenoceptors in the spinal cord. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were implanted with PE10 cannulae in the intrathecal space of the lumbosacral spinal cord and divided into male, proestrous and diestrous female, ovariectomized (OVX), estradiol-treated OVX (OVX+E), castrated male (GDX), testosterone (GDX+T) and estradiol-treated castrated male (GDX+E) groups. Clonidine dose-dependently inhibited NMDA-induced scratching behavior in the male and OVX groups but to a significantly lesser extent in the OVX+E group. It also increased the tail withdrawal latency in the male, OVX, diestrous and GDX+T groups but not in the OVX+E, proestrous, GDX and GDX+E groups. Levels of alpha(2A)-AR mRNA were significantly higher in the OVX, estradiol-treated OVX, GDX and GDX+E animals. In contrast, alpha(2A)-AR protein levels were higher in estradiol-treated OVX, GDX, GDX+T and GDX+E animals as compared with the male. Indeed, no correlations were observed between changes in the mRNA or protein levels of alpha(2A)-AR and behavioral observations. These results support our hypothesis that sex-related differences in alpha(2)-AR-mediated modulation of spinal nociception are gonadal hormone-dependent: estrogen attenuates antinociceptive effects in females whereas testosterone is required for the expression of antinociception in males. In addition, results also revealed that the mechanism of action of gonadal hormones may not involve a global alternation in expression of alpha(2A)-AR in the spinal cord. Estrogen-induced attenuation of alpha(2)-AR-mediated inhibition of nociception could contribute to the higher prevalence of pain syndromes in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Thompson
- Department of Neurobiology and Neurotoxicology, Meharry Medical College, 1005 D.B. Todd Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
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Nag S, Jones G, Sur R, Donde B, Salvajoli J, Fogaroli R, Ghosh-Laskar S, Frobe A, Suleiman A, Xiao Z. Does the Addition of External Beam to HDR Intraluminal Brachytherapy, Improve Palliation of Esophageal Cancer: A Randomized International Multi-institutional Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Huh WK, Straughn JM, Mariani A, Podratz KC, Havrilesky LJ, Alvarez-Secord A, Gold MA, McMeekin DS, Modesitt S, Cooper AL, Powell MA, Mutch DG, Nag S, Alvarez RD, Cohn DE. Salvage of isolated vaginal recurrences in women with surgical stage I endometrial cancer: a multiinstitutional experience. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2007; 17:886-9. [PMID: 17309665 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2007.00858.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes and risk factors of women with surgical stage I endometrial adenocarcinoma who were initially treated with surgery alone and subsequently developed isolated vaginal recurrences. Patients with surgical stage I endometrial adenocarcinoma diagnosed from 1975 to 2002 were identified from tumor registry databases at seven institutions. All patients were treated with surgery alone including a total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic (+/- para-aortic) lymph node dissection, and peritoneal cytology and did not receive postoperative radiation therapy. Vaginal recurrences were documented histologically. Metastatic disease in the chest and abdomen was excluded by radiologic studies. Overall survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Sixty-nine women with surgical stage I endometrial cancer with isolated vaginal recurrences were identified. Of the 69 patients, 10 (15%) were diagnosed with stage IA disease, 43 (62%) were diagnosed with stage IB disease, and 16 (23%) were diagnosed with stage IC disease. Patients diagnosed with grade 1 disease were 22 (32%), grade 2 disease were 26 (38%), and grade 3 disease were 21 (30%). Among women, 81% with isolated vaginal recurrences were salvaged with radiation therapy. The mean time to recurrence was 24 months, and the mean follow-up was 63 months. Among women, 18% died from subsequent recurrent disease. The 5-year overall survival was 75%. The majority of isolated vaginal recurrences in women with surgical stage I endometrial cancer can be successfully salvaged with radiation therapy, further questioning the role of adjuvant therapy for patients with uterine-confined endometrial cancer at the time of initial diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Huh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35249, USA.
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Parikh PK, Wang Y, Ranade AA, Vaid AK, Advani SH, Raghunadharao D, Nag S, Madhavan JP, Varadhachary A. Oral talactoferrin extends survival in patients with refractory NSCLC in a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.7540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7540 Background: Talactoferrin alfa (TLF), an immunomodulatory protein with a novel anti-cancer mechanism of action, was active preclinically and in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in Phase 1b studies. Randomized Phase 2 studies in NSCLC were conducted with TLF as a single agent and combined with chemotherapy. The 110-patient combination therapy study, which was previously presented (ASCO 2006, #7095), met its primary endpoint with an improved BOR over chemotherapy alone. We now present results from the placebo- controlled single agent study. Methods: 100 Stage IIIB/IV NSCLC patients who had progressed after first or second line therapy were enrolled at 10 leading Indian cancer centers, and randomized to receive best supportive care plus either oral TLF (1.5 g bid) or placebo. TLF/placebo was administered until disease progression, for up to three 14-week cycles (12 weeks on, 2 weeks off), in a centrally monitored trial. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) with 80% power to detect an improvement in median OS with an a=0.05. Results: All patients had previously received a 1st line platinum based regimen; 26 also received 2nd line therapy. The TLF and placebo arms enrolled 47 and 53 patients, respectively. Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups, including proportion of patients receiving 1 or 2 prior regimens. All patients were included in the Intent To Treat (ITT) analysis. The trial met its primary endpoint with a 55% increase (2.1 month; p<0.05) in median OS. TLF was well tolerated. Adverse Events (AEs) were generally mild. No drug- related SAEs were reported. Incidence of AEs and Grade 3/4 AEs was similar in both arms. Conclusion: Oral talactoferrin, a promising new anti-cancer agent, significantly improved survival in patients with refractory NSCLC in this randomized, placebo-controlled trial. TLF was well tolerated in this population. Given its favorable toxicity profile, TLF may be particularly attractive in refractory patients with poor performance status. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- P. K. Parikh
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Agennix Inc, Houston, TX; Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Research Center, Pune, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Jehangir Hospital, Rune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - Y. Wang
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Agennix Inc, Houston, TX; Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Research Center, Pune, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Jehangir Hospital, Rune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - A. A. Ranade
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Agennix Inc, Houston, TX; Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Research Center, Pune, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Jehangir Hospital, Rune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - A. K. Vaid
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Agennix Inc, Houston, TX; Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Research Center, Pune, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Jehangir Hospital, Rune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - S. H. Advani
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Agennix Inc, Houston, TX; Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Research Center, Pune, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Jehangir Hospital, Rune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - D. Raghunadharao
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Agennix Inc, Houston, TX; Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Research Center, Pune, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Jehangir Hospital, Rune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - S. Nag
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Agennix Inc, Houston, TX; Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Research Center, Pune, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Jehangir Hospital, Rune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - J. P. Madhavan
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Agennix Inc, Houston, TX; Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Research Center, Pune, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Jehangir Hospital, Rune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - A. Varadhachary
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Agennix Inc, Houston, TX; Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital & Research Center, Pune, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Jehangir Hospital, Rune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
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Nag S, Banerjee R, Fraser HL. A novel combinatorial approach for understanding microstructural evolution and its relationship to mechanical properties in metallic biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2007; 3:369-76. [PMID: 17070741 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2006.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2006] [Revised: 08/24/2006] [Accepted: 08/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The new generation of metallic biomaterials for prosthesis implantation (orthopedic and dental) typically have a Ti base with fully biocompatible alloying additions such as Nb, Ta, Zr, Mo, Fe and Sn. While the binary Ti-Ta and the ternary Ti-Nb-Ta systems are promising, the large composition space afforded by these systems offers tremendous scope in terms of alloy design via optimization of alloy composition and thermomechanical treatment. In the present paper a novel combinatorial approach has been developed for rapidly exploring the microstructural evolution and microstructure-microhardness (or elastic modulus) relationships in these systems. Using directed laser deposition, compositionally graded alloy samples have been fabricated and subsequently heat-treated to affect different microstructures in terms of the volume fraction and distribution of the alpha phase in the beta matrix as a function of composition. Subsequently, composition-specific indentation-based hardness and modulus information has been obtained from these graded samples, and the resulting data have been used to develop relationships between the composition, microstructure and mechanical properties. Such rapid combinatorial assessments can be very useful in optimizing not only the alloy composition but also the desired microstructure for achieving the best combination of properties for specific orthopedic or dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nag
- Center for the Accelerated Maturation of Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Abstract
Bullae are common accompaniments of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease especially emphysema. They contribute to increased lung volume and worsen the mechanical disadvantage of the inspiratory muscles by increasing the residual volume (RV) and RV/total lung capacity ratio. Thus effective decompression of a large bulla or bullae is thus important to improve the lung function of affected patients and also to provide symptomatic relief. Surgery and thoracoscopy are two commonly performed procedures used to treat bullae. Although bronchoscopic lung volume reduction has been successfully accomplished for emphysema, isolated decompression of bullae bronchoscopically has not been tried to date. A large emphysematous bulla in the left lower lobe of a surgically unfit patient was bronchoscopically punctured with a transbronchial aspiration needle; the position of the needle inside the bulla was confirmed and the air from the bulla was aspirated slowly to allow collapse. Finally, some autologous blood was instilled into the bulla before the needle was withdrawn. The patient had immediate and sustained symptomatic relief with significant improvement in lung function. Bronchoscopic transbronchial decompression of emphysematous bullae can be an effective therapeutic option and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bhattacharyya
- Institute of Pulmocare and Research, CB-16, Sector I, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 064, India.
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Batra S, Nag S, Yadav G, Maulik P. Sodium Hydride Mediated Cascade Reaction towards the Synthesis of 1,5-Disubstituted Uracil from Cyanamides Derived from Baylis-Hillman Adducts. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
Brachytherapy using permanent seed implants has been an effective treatment for prostate cancer. However, seeds will migrate after implant, thus making the evaluation of post-implant dosimetry difficult. In this study, we developed a computer program to simulate seed migration and analyzed dosimetric changes due to seed migration at various migration amounts. The study was based on 14 patients treated with Pd-103 at the James Cancer Hospital. Modeling of seed migration, including direction, distance as well as day of migration, was based on clinical observations. Changes of commonly used dosimetric parameters as a function of migration amount (2, 4, 6 mm respectively), prostate size (from 20 to 90 cc), and prostate region (central vs peripheral) were studied. Change of biological outcome (tumor control probability) due to migration was also estimated. Migration reduced prostate D90 to 99+/-2% of original value in 2 mm migration, and the reduction increased to 94+/-6% in 6 mm migration. The reduction of prostate dose led to a 14% (40%) drop in the tumor control probability for 2 mm (6 mm) migration, assuming radiosensitive tumors. However, migration has less effect on a prostate implanted with a larger number of seeds. Prostate V100 was less sensitive to migration than D90 since its mean value was still 99% of original value even in 6 mm migration. Migration also showed a different effect in the peripheral region vs the central region of the prostate, where the peripheral mean dose tended to drop more significantly. Therefore, extra activity implanted in the peripheral region during pre-plan can be considered. The detrimental effects of migration were more severe in terms of increasing the dose to normal structures, as rectum V50 may be 70% higher and urethra V100 may be 50% higher in the case of 6 mm migration. Quantitative knowledge of these effects is helpful in treatment planning and post-implant evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Nag S, Bilous R, Kelly W, Jones S, Roper N, Connolly V. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality in diabetic subjects increases significantly with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): 10 years' data from the South Tees Diabetes Mortality study. Diabet Med 2007; 24:10-7. [PMID: 17227319 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02023.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and total and cardiovascular mortality in a population-based cohort of diabetic subjects. METHODS A longitudinal study using a population-based district diabetes register comprising 3288 subjects in South Tees, UK. The eGFR was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation. Patients were stratified by baseline eGFR into five stages as per the National Kidney Foundation guidelines: Stage 1, eGFR > 90; Stage 2, eGFR 60-89; Stage 3, eGFR 30-59; Stage 4, eGFR 15-29; and Stage 5, eGFR < 15 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). Main outcome was all-cause and cardiovascular mortality between 1 January 1994 and 31 July 2004. RESULTS At baseline, mean age (58.4 years) differed between groups. Persons with lower eGFR were older (P < 0.001). Thirty-six percent (n = 1193, males 56%) had died by 10 years (cardiovascular cause in 60%). Median follow-up was 10.5 years amounting to 28 342 person years. Stages 4 and 5 (eGFR <or= 29 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)) were amalgamated for mortality analysis. Total and cardiovascular mortality increased with reduced eGFR. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for all-cause mortality comparing groups 2 and 3, and 4 and 5 combined with group 1 were 1.28 (1.02, 1.60), 2.58 (2.05, 3.25) and 6.42 (4.25, 9.71), respectively. Adjusted HRs (95% CI) for mortality due to circulatory disease comparing groups 2 and 3, and 4 and 5 combined with group 1 were 1.50 (1.10, 2.06), 3.32 (2.41, 4.58) and 7.99 (4.69, 13.62), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In diabetic subjects, mortality increases significantly with reduced GFR. Low eGFR identifies patients at high risk of cardiovascular mortality who should be targeted for aggressive risk factor modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nag
- James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK.
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Batra S, Pathak R, Nag S. A Facile Synthesis of 3-Methylene-4-aryl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,4]diazepin-2-ones and 3-Arylmethylene-4,5-dihydro-3H-benzo[b][1,4]diazepin-2-ylamines. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-950352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nag S, Mokha SS. Activation of alpha2-adrenoceptors in the trigeminal region produces sex-specific modulation of nociception in the rat. Neuroscience 2006; 142:1255-62. [PMID: 16934408 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2006] [Revised: 06/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/15/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sex-related differences in the sensitivity to pain and in the response to analgesics have been reported including higher perceptual responses to experimentally induced pain and the higher prevalence of many pain syndromes in women compared with men. This study examines whether alpha2-adrenoceptor-mediated antinociceptive effects are reduced by estrogen which could account for the sex-related differences in pain perception and modulation. Clonidine, an alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, has been shown to inhibit noxious stimulus-evoked nociceptive behavior as well as the responses of nociceptive neurons in the medullary dorsal horn. Intracisternal microinjection of clonidine (7 microg/5 microl) through the implanted PE-10 cannulae dorsal to the trigeminal region in male, ovariectomized (OVX), and diestrous (DiE) Sprague-Dawley rats produced a strong antinociceptive effect on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-induced nociceptive scratching behavior and heat-induced face withdrawal nociceptive tests. However, it failed to produce any inhibition in the estradiol-treated ovariectomized (OVX+E) group regardless of the dose of estradiol (1, 10 or 100 microg/100 microl sesame oil) or in the proestrous (ProE) group. Further, clonidine produced dose-dependent effects in male and OVX groups but not in the OVX+E group on the NMDA-induced nociceptive behavior. Finally, the effect of clonidine was reversed by yohimbine, an alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist, in male and OVX groups on thermal nociceptive test. These results lead us to conclude that activation of alpha2-adrenoceptors produces sex-specific, estrogen dependent modulation of nociception in the trigeminal region of the rat. A decreased alpha2-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition could be one of the factors responsible for the higher prevalence of pain syndromes in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nag
- Division of Neurobiology and Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Meharry Medical College, 1005 D B Todd Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
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Wang Y, Raghunadharao D, Raman G, Doval D, Advani S, Julka P, Parikh P, Patil S, Nag S, Madhavan J, Varadhachary A. Adding oral talactoferrin to first-line NSCLC chemotherapy safely enhanced efficacy in a randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.7095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
7095 Background: Talactoferrin alfa (TLF) is an oral immunomodulatory protein with a novel mechanism. TLF showed preclinical anti-cancer activity alone and in combination with chemotherapy. In Phase I/II trials, TLF was safe with apparent single-agent anti-cancer activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: 110 chemo-naive patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC were randomized (1:1) in a multi-center trial to carboplatin/paclitaxel (C/P) therapy plus either TLF or placebo. Starting the day after C/P (C:AUC 5 mg/mL/min; P:175 mg/m2) in chemo-cycles 1, 3 and 5, oral TLF (1.5 g BID) or placebo was administered in 35-day cycles for up to three cycles or until progression. Primary endpoint was Confirmed Response Rate (RR; PR+CR) by CT using RECIST. Secondary endpoints included Progression Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS). Results: Baseline patient and disease characteristics were comparable in both groups. All 110 patients were included in the Intent To Treat (ITT) population. 100 patients with at least one CT scan after starting treatment were prospectively defined as the Evaluable population. Adding oral TLF to C/P enhanced efficacy on all endpoints examined including RR, PFS and OS. Confirmed RR in the 100 evaluable patients significantly increased from 29% to 47% (P = 0.05). Confirmed RR in the 110 ITT patients improved from 27% to 42% (P = 0.08). Median PFS in both evaluable and ITT patients improved by 2.8 months (67%). Median OS improved by 31% and 18% in evaluable and ITT patients, respectively. A landmark analysis comparing survival in patients with and without a PR showed a significant difference (P < 0.01), suggesting a strong association between RR and survival. TLF appeared to be very safe and well tolerated with no drug-related SAEs. Fewer AEs were observed in the TLF arm than in the placebo arm, 346 and 432 AEs, respectively (P = 0.0023). The number of Grade 3/4 AEs was also lower in the TLF arm, 60 versus 91 (P = 0.0144). Conclusions: Adding oral TLF to standard C/P chemotherapy in NSCLC was safe and increased efficacy in a randomized, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, with apparent improvements in RR, PFS and OS. Results with TLF compare favorably to other anti-cancer agents. Oral TLF will be further evaluated in a Phase III trial. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Wang
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - D. Raghunadharao
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - G. Raman
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - D. Doval
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - S. Advani
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - P. Julka
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - P. Parikh
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - S. Patil
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - S. Nag
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - J. Madhavan
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - A. Varadhachary
- Agennix, Houston, TX; Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India; Cancer Institute, Chennai, India; Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute, New Delhi, India; Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Bangalore Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India; Jehangir Hospital, Pune, India; Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
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Yu E, Mikulis D, Nag S. CT and MR imaging findings in sinonasal schwannoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27:929-30. [PMID: 16611793 PMCID: PMC8133967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a rare case of schwannoma of the sinonasal cavity, presenting with epistaxis and anosmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Yu
- Division of Neuroradiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont, Canada
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Abstract
The complex quaternary Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta orthopedic alloy has been successfully deposited from a powder feedstock consisting of a blend of elemental titanium, niobium, zirconium, and tantalum powders, using the laser engineered net-shaping (LENStrade mark) process. In the as laser-deposited form, these alloys exhibit a substantially higher tensile strength as compared with more conventionally processed counterparts of similar composition, while maintaining excellent ductility and a low modulus. Furthermore, the as-deposited alloys appear to exhibit a <001> texture, with a substantially large number of grains of the beta phase aligning one of their <001> axes nearly normal to the substrate or parallel to the growth direction. The microstructure of the as-deposited as well as tensile-tested alloys have been characterized in detail using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), orientation microscopy (OM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Formation of a high density of shear bands, possibly arising from slip localization due to precipitates of the omega phase in the beta matrix, is clearly evident in the tensile-tested sample. The enhanced tensile strength and low modulus in these laser-deposited alloys coupled with the ability to form near-net shape components makes LENS an attractive processing technology for orthopedic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Banerjee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, USA.
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Airaksinen AJ, Finnema S, Nag S, Mukherjee J, Gulyás B, Halldin C. A new PET radioligand [11C]cyclopropyl-FLB 457 for imaging extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptors: Evaluation in monkey and comparison to [11C]FLB 457 and [11C]Fallypride. Neuroimage 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Yuh W, Mayr N, Wang J, Montebello J, Grecula J, Wu D, Edwards S, Nag S, Gupta N, Knopp M. The 4th Dimension of Tumor Volume: Dynamic Volumetric Tumor Regression Analysis in Cervical Cancer and Radiation Therapy Outcome. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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