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Deng X, Seguinot BO, Bradshaw G, Lee JS, Coy S, Kalocsay M, Santagata S, Mitchison T. STMND1 is a phylogenetically ancient stathmin which localizes to motile cilia and exhibits nuclear translocation that is inhibited when soluble tubulin concentration increases. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar82. [PMID: 38630521 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-12-0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Stathmins are small, unstructured proteins that bind tubulin dimers and are implicated in several human diseases, but whose function remains unknown. We characterized a new stathmin, STMND1 (Stathmin Domain Containing 1) as the human representative of an ancient subfamily. STMND1 features a N-terminal myristoylated and palmitoylated motif which directs it to membranes and a tubulin-binding stathmin-like domain (SLD) that contains an internal nuclear localization signal. Biochemistry and proximity labeling showed that STMND1 binds tubulin, and live imaging showed that tubulin binding inhibits translocation from cellular membranes to the nucleus. STMND1 is highly expressed in multiciliated epithelial cells, where it localizes to motile cilia. Overexpression in a model system increased the length of primary cilia. Our study suggests that the most ancient stathmins have cilium-related functions that involve sensing soluble tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Deng
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Bryan O Seguinot
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Gary Bradshaw
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Shannon Coy
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Marian Kalocsay
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Timothy Mitchison
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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Coy S, Lee JS, Chan SJ, Woo T, Jones J, Alexandrescu S, Wen PY, Sorger PK, Ligon KL, Santagata S. Systematic characterization of antibody-drug conjugate targets in central nervous system tumors. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:458-472. [PMID: 37870091 PMCID: PMC10912007 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) enhance the specificity of cytotoxic drugs by directing them to cells expressing target antigens. Multiple ADCs are FDA-approved for solid and hematologic malignancies, including those expressing HER2, TROP2, and NECTIN4. Recently, an ADC targeting HER2 (Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan) increased survival and reduced growth of brain metastases in treatment-refractory metastatic breast cancer, even in tumors with low HER2 expression. Thus, low-level expression of ADC targets may be sufficient for treatment responsiveness. However, ADC target expression is poorly characterized in many central nervous system (CNS) tumors. METHODS We analyzed publicly available RNA-sequencing and proteomic data from the children's brain tumor network (N = 188 tumors) and gene-expression-omnibus RNA-expression datasets (N = 356) to evaluate expression of 14 potential ADC targets that are FDA-approved or under investigation in solid cancers. We also used immunohistochemistry to measure the levels of HER2, HER3, NECTIN4, TROP2, CLDN6, CLDN18.2, and CD276/B7-H3 protein in glioblastoma, oligodendroglioma, meningioma, ependymoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT), adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP), papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP), and primary CNS lymphoma (N = 575). RESULTS Pan-CNS analysis showed subtype-specific expression of ADC target proteins. Most tumors expressed HER3, B7-H3, and NECTIN4. Ependymomas strongly expressed HER2, while meningiomas showed weak-moderate HER2 expression. ACP and PCP strongly expressed B7-H3, with TROP2 expression in whorled ACP epithelium. AT/RT strongly expressed CLDN6. Glioblastoma showed little subtype-specific marker expression, suggesting a need for further target development. CONCLUSIONS CNS tumors exhibit subtype-specific expression of ADC targets including several FDA-approved for other indications. Clinical trials of ADCs in CNS tumors may therefore be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sabrina J Chan
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Terri Woo
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Jones
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanda Alexandrescu
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keith L Ligon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Coy S, Cheng B, Lee JS, Rashid R, Browning L, Xu Y, Chakrabarty SS, Yapp C, Chan S, Tefft JB, Scott E, Spektor A, Ligon KL, Baker GJ, Pellman D, Sorger PK, Santagata S. 2D and 3D multiplexed subcellular profiling of nuclear instability in human cancer. bioRxiv 2023:2023.11.07.566063. [PMID: 37986801 PMCID: PMC10659270 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.07.566063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear atypia, including altered nuclear size, contour, and chromatin organization, is ubiquitous in cancer cells. Atypical primary nuclei and micronuclei can rupture during interphase; however, the frequency, causes, and consequences of nuclear rupture are unknown in most cancers. We demonstrate that nuclear envelope rupture is surprisingly common in many human cancers, particularly glioblastoma. Using highly-multiplexed 2D and super-resolution 3D-imaging of glioblastoma tissues and patient-derived xenografts and cells, we link primary nuclear rupture with reduced lamin A/C and micronuclear rupture with reduced lamin B1. Moreover, ruptured glioblastoma cells activate cGAS-STING-signaling involved in innate immunity. We observe that local patterning of cell states influences tumor spatial organization and is linked to both lamin expression and rupture frequency, with neural-progenitor-cell-like states exhibiting the lowest lamin A/C levels and greatest susceptibility to primary nuclear rupture. Our study reveals that nuclear instability is a core feature of cancer, and links nuclear integrity, cell state, and immune signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Coy
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Cheng
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rumana Rashid
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lindsay Browning
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yilin Xu
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sankha S. Chakrabarty
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clarence Yapp
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sabrina Chan
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juliann B. Tefft
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Scott
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Spektor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith L. Ligon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory J. Baker
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Pellman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Peter K. Sorger
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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4
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Lin JR, Chen YA, Campton D, Cooper J, Coy S, Yapp C, Tefft JB, McCarty E, Ligon KL, Rodig SJ, Reese S, George T, Santagata S, Sorger PK. High-plex immunofluorescence imaging and traditional histology of the same tissue section for discovering image-based biomarkers. Nat Cancer 2023; 4:1036-1052. [PMID: 37349501 PMCID: PMC10368530 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine is critically dependent on better methods for diagnosing and staging disease and predicting drug response. Histopathology using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tissue (not genomics) remains the primary diagnostic method in cancer. Recently developed highly multiplexed tissue imaging methods promise to enhance research studies and clinical practice with precise, spatially resolved single-cell data. Here, we describe the 'Orion' platform for collecting H&E and high-plex immunofluorescence images from the same cells in a whole-slide format suitable for diagnosis. Using a retrospective cohort of 74 colorectal cancer resections, we show that immunofluorescence and H&E images provide human experts and machine learning algorithms with complementary information that can be used to generate interpretable, multiplexed image-based models predictive of progression-free survival. Combining models of immune infiltration and tumor-intrinsic features achieves a 10- to 20-fold discrimination between rapid and slow (or no) progression, demonstrating the ability of multimodal tissue imaging to generate high-performance biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ren Lin
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu-An Chen
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Shannon Coy
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clarence Yapp
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juliann B Tefft
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Keith L Ligon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott J Rodig
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Sandro Santagata
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Gaglia G, Burger ML, Ritch CC, Rammos D, Dai Y, Crossland GE, Tavana SZ, Warchol S, Jaeger AM, Naranjo S, Coy S, Nirmal AJ, Krueger R, Lin JR, Pfister H, Sorger PK, Jacks T, Santagata S. Lymphocyte networks are dynamic cellular communities in the immunoregulatory landscape of lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:871-886.e10. [PMID: 37059105 PMCID: PMC10193529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocytes are key for immune surveillance of tumors, but our understanding of the spatial organization and physical interactions that facilitate lymphocyte anti-cancer functions is limited. We used multiplexed imaging, quantitative spatial analysis, and machine learning to create high-definition maps of lung tumors from a Kras/Trp53-mutant mouse model and human resections. Networks of interacting lymphocytes ("lymphonets") emerged as a distinctive feature of the anti-cancer immune response. Lymphonets nucleated from small T cell clusters and incorporated B cells with increasing size. CXCR3-mediated trafficking modulated lymphonet size and number, but T cell antigen expression directed intratumoral localization. Lymphonets preferentially harbored TCF1+ PD-1+ progenitor CD8+ T cells involved in responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Upon treatment of mice with ICB or an antigen-targeted vaccine, lymphonets retained progenitor and gained cytotoxic CD8+ T cell populations, likely via progenitor differentiation. These data show that lymphonets create a spatial environment supportive of CD8+ T cell anti-tumor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Gaglia
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Megan L Burger
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97212, USA; School of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97212, USA
| | - Cecily C Ritch
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Danae Rammos
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yang Dai
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Grace E Crossland
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sara Z Tavana
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Simon Warchol
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
| | - Alex M Jaeger
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Santiago Naranjo
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shannon Coy
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ajit J Nirmal
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert Krueger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hanspeter Pfister
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tyler Jacks
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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6
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Lin JR, Wang S, Coy S, Chen YA, Yapp C, Tyler M, Nariya MK, Heiser CN, Lau KS, Santagata S, Sorger PK. Multiplexed 3D atlas of state transitions and immune interaction in colorectal cancer. Cell 2023; 186:363-381.e19. [PMID: 36669472 PMCID: PMC10019067 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Advanced solid cancers are complex assemblies of tumor, immune, and stromal cells characterized by high intratumoral variation. We use highly multiplexed tissue imaging, 3D reconstruction, spatial statistics, and machine learning to identify cell types and states underlying morphological features of known diagnostic and prognostic significance in colorectal cancer. Quantitation of these features in high-plex marker space reveals recurrent transitions from one tumor morphology to the next, some of which are coincident with long-range gradients in the expression of oncogenes and epigenetic regulators. At the tumor invasive margin, where tumor, normal, and immune cells compete, T cell suppression involves multiple cell types and 3D imaging shows that seemingly localized 2D features such as tertiary lymphoid structures are commonly interconnected and have graded molecular properties. Thus, while cancer genetics emphasizes the importance of discrete changes in tumor state, whole-specimen imaging reveals large-scale morphological and molecular gradients analogous to those in developing tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ren Lin
- Ludwig Center at Harvard and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Ludwig Center at Harvard and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shannon Coy
- Ludwig Center at Harvard and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu-An Chen
- Ludwig Center at Harvard and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clarence Yapp
- Ludwig Center at Harvard and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Madison Tyler
- Ludwig Center at Harvard and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maulik K Nariya
- Ludwig Center at Harvard and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cody N Heiser
- Program in Chemical & Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ken S Lau
- Epithelial Biology Center and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Ludwig Center at Harvard and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Ludwig Center at Harvard and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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7
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Sauer MA, Coy S, Quade BJ, Nucci MR. Well-developed Cerebellum in an Ovarian Mature Teratoma From a Pregnant Female. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2022; 41:615-621. [PMID: 34954707 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Teratomas are the most common neoplasm of the ovary, comprising over half of all diagnosed tumors in patients under 50. Most lesions are classified as benign mature teratomas and are histologically defined by the presence of mature tissues from one or more of the embryological germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Neuroectodermal derivatives, including glia, neurons, ependymal cells, and meninges are present in a third to half of mature teratomas. Although teratomatous tissue elements are typically arranged in a haphazard fashion, well-developed and organized embryonic organ structures have been rarely reported and often with limited histologic, clinical, or gross characterization. In this report, we describe the case of an ovarian mature cystic teratoma identified in a pregnant female which exhibited remarkably well-developed posterior fossa structures including lobated and foliated cerebellum with appropriate anatomic organization and associated brainstem, ventricular, and meningeal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline A Sauer
- University of Missouri School of Medicine (M.A.S); Division of Women's and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital (B.J.Q., M.R.N.); and Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital (S.C.)
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8
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Tsvetkov P, Coy S, Petrova B, Dreishpoon M, Verma A, Abdusamad M, Rossen J, Joesch-Cohen L, Humeidi R, Spangler RD, Eaton JK, Frenkel E, Kocak M, Corsello SM, Lutsenko S, Kanarek N, Santagata S, Golub TR. Copper induces cell death by targeting lipoylated TCA cycle proteins. Science 2022; 375:1254-1261. [PMID: 35298263 DOI: 10.1126/science.abf0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1337] [Impact Index Per Article: 668.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential cofactor for all organisms, and yet it becomes toxic if concentrations exceed a threshold maintained by evolutionarily conserved homeostatic mechanisms. How excess copper induces cell death, however, is unknown. Here, we show in human cells that copper-dependent, regulated cell death is distinct from known death mechanisms and is dependent on mitochondrial respiration. We show that copper-dependent death occurs by means of direct binding of copper to lipoylated components of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This results in lipoylated protein aggregation and subsequent iron-sulfur cluster protein loss, which leads to proteotoxic stress and ultimately cell death. These findings may explain the need for ancient copper homeostatic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shannon Coy
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Boston, MA, USA.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Boryana Petrova
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Ana Verma
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Boston, MA, USA.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mai Abdusamad
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jordan Rossen
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Ranad Humeidi
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - John K Eaton
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Evgeni Frenkel
- Whitehead Institute and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mustafa Kocak
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven M Corsello
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Naama Kanarek
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Boston, MA, USA.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd R Golub
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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9
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Gaglia G, Kabraji S, Rammos D, Dai Y, Verma A, Wang S, Mills CE, Chung M, Bergholz JS, Coy S, Lin JR, Jeselsohn R, Metzger O, Winer EP, Dillon DA, Zhao JJ, Sorger PK, Santagata S. Temporal and spatial topography of cell proliferation in cancer. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:316-326. [PMID: 35292783 PMCID: PMC8959396 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is a fundamental trait of cancer cells, but its properties and spatial organization in tumours are poorly characterized. Here we use highly multiplexed tissue imaging to perform single-cell quantification of cell cycle regulators and then develop robust, multivariate, proliferation metrics. Across diverse cancers, proliferative architecture is organized at two spatial scales: large domains, and smaller niches enriched for specific immune lineages. Some tumour cells express cell cycle regulators in the (canonical) patterns expected of freely growing cells, a phenomenon we refer to as 'cell cycle coherence'. By contrast, the cell cycles of other tumour cell populations are skewed towards specific phases or exhibit non-canonical (incoherent) marker combinations. Coherence varies across space, with changes in oncogene activity and therapeutic intervention, and is associated with aggressive tumour behaviour. Thus, multivariate measures from high-plex tissue images capture clinically significant features of cancer proliferation, a fundamental step in enabling more precise use of anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Gaglia
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sheheryar Kabraji
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Danae Rammos
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yang Dai
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Verma
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Caitlin E Mills
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mirra Chung
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Johann S Bergholz
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shannon Coy
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rinath Jeselsohn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Otto Metzger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric P Winer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah A Dillon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean J Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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10
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Jessup J, Krueger R, Warchol S, Hoffer J, Muhlich J, Ritch CC, Gaglia G, Coy S, Chen YA, Lin JR, Santagata S, Sorger PK, Pfister H. Scope2Screen: Focus+Context Techniques for Pathology Tumor Assessment in Multivariate Image Data. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2022; 28:259-269. [PMID: 34606456 PMCID: PMC8805697 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2021.3114786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Inspection of tissues using a light microscope is the primary method of diagnosing many diseases, notably cancer. Highly multiplexed tissue imaging builds on this foundation, enabling the collection of up to 60 channels of molecular information plus cell and tissue morphology using antibody staining. This provides unique insight into disease biology and promises to help with the design of patient-specific therapies. However, a substantial gap remains with respect to visualizing the resulting multivariate image data and effectively supporting pathology workflows in digital environments on screen. We, therefore, developed Scope2Screen, a scalable software system for focus+context exploration and annotation of whole-slide, high-plex, tissue images. Our approach scales to analyzing 100GB images of 109 or more pixels per channel, containing millions of individual cells. A multidisciplinary team of visualization experts, microscopists, and pathologists identified key image exploration and annotation tasks involving finding, magnifying, quantifying, and organizing regions of interest (ROIs) in an intuitive and cohesive manner. Building on a scope-to-screen metaphor, we present interactive lensing techniques that operate at single-cell and tissue levels. Lenses are equipped with task-specific functionality and descriptive statistics, making it possible to analyze image features, cell types, and spatial arrangements (neighborhoods) across image channels and scales. A fast sliding-window search guides users to regions similar to those under the lens; these regions can be analyzed and considered either separately or as part of a larger image collection. A novel snapshot method enables linked lens configurations and image statistics to be saved, restored, and shared with these regions. We validate our designs with domain experts and apply Scope2Screen in two case studies involving lung and colorectal cancers to discover cancer-relevant image features.
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11
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Shah N, Viberg Johansson J, Haraldsdóttir E, Bentzen HB, Coy S, Mascalzoni D, Jónsdóttir GA, Kaye J. Governing health data across changing contexts: A focus group study of citizen's views in England, Iceland, and Sweden. Int J Med Inform 2021; 156:104623. [PMID: 34717179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2021.104623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The governance structures associated with health data are evolving in response to advances in digital technologies that enable new ways of capturing, using, and sharing different types of data. Increasingly, health data moves between different contexts such as from healthcare to research, or to commerce and marketing. Crossing these contextual boundaries has the potential to violate societal expectations about the appropriate use of health data and diminish public trust. Understanding citizens' views on the acceptability of and preferences for data use in different contexts is essential for developing information governance policies in these new contexts. METHODS Focus group design presenting data sharing scenarios in England, Iceland, and Sweden. RESULTS Seventy-one participants were recruited. Participants supported the need for data to help understand the observable world, improve medical research, the quality of public services, and to benefit society. However, participants consistently identified the lack of information, transparency and control as barriers to trusting organisations to use data in a way that they considered appropriate. There was considerable support for fair and transparent data sharing practices where all parties benefitted. CONCLUSION Data governance policy should involve all stakeholders' perspectives on an ongoing basis, to inform and implement changes to health data sharing practices that accord with stakeholder views. The Findings showed that (1) data should be used for ethical purposes even when there was commercial interest; (2) data subjects and/or public institutions that provide and share data should also receive benefits from the sharing of data; (3) third parties use of data requires greater transparency and accountability than currently exists, (4) there should be greater information provided to empower data subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shah
- Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, Faculty of Law, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - J Viberg Johansson
- Centre for Research Ethics & Bioethics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E Haraldsdóttir
- Social Science Research Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - H B Bentzen
- Norwegian Research Center for Computers and Law, Faculty of Law, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Coy
- Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, Faculty of Law, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D Mascalzoni
- Centre for Research Ethics & Bioethics, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute for Biomedicine, EURAC Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - G A Jónsdóttir
- Social Science Research Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - J Kaye
- Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, Faculty of Law, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, Melbourne Law School, University of Melbourne, Australia
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12
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Coy S, Lin JR, Wang S, Stopka S, Rashid R, Hwang J, Khadka P, Euskirchen P, Bandopadhayay P, Wen PY, Sorger PK, Agar N, Ligon KL, Touat M, Santagata S. Abstract 1816: Phenogenomic characterization of immunomodulatory purinergic signaling in glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-1816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Extracellular purinergic signaling plays critical roles in the regulation of tumor growth and anti-tumor immunity via autocrine/paracrine binding of metabolites to receptors on neoplastic and non-neoplastic populations. Extracellular purine concentrations are principally mediated by the ectonucleotidase enzymes CD39 and CD73, which catabolize ATP to adenosine. Within the tumor microenvironment, neoplastic, immune, and stromal cells expressing these enzymes may co-localize to generate an immunosuppressive adenosine-rich niche. However, the cellular composition, spatial architecture and phenotypic properties of these tumor ecosystems and their relationship to tumor genotype have been poorly characterized.
METHODS: We quantified CD73 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a cohort of CNS tumors [meningiomas(N=222), gliomas(N=244), ependymomas(N=44), medulloblastomas(N=24), craniopharyngiomas(N=38)]. We used publicly-available single-cell RNA-seq data and 36 marker multiplexed tissue imaging (t-CyCIF) of 139 clinically and genomically annotated glioblastomas to characterize CD39 and CD73 expressing populations, define immune architecture and tumor cell states at single cell resolution, evaluate spatial correlations, and identify markers of clinical outcome. Mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) was employed to generate spatially-resolved quantification of purine metabolite levels in glioblastoma resections (N=9).
RESULTS: IHC revealed strong CD73 expression in meningiomas and gliomas. Tumor CD73 expression was associated with poor progression-free-survival in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (p=0.04). scRNA-seq in glioblastoma revealed that CD73 is predominantly expressed by tumor cell populations, while CD39 is predominantly expressed by monocytic (macrophage, microglial) populations. t-CyCIF showed enrichment of EGFR, Ki-67, and TP53 expression in CD73-high tumor cells at a single cell level independent of genotype, as well as significant spatial correlation between CD73 expression in tumor cells and CD39 expression in macrophages. MALDI-MSI showed significantly greater adenosine concentrations in glioblastomas with high CD73 expression. CD73 expression significantly correlated with EGFR amplification or C-terminal deletion (EGFRvIII or variants), type-II interferon signaling, and PD-L1 expression in glioblastoma.
CONCLUSIONS: Phenogenomic analysis of purinergic signaling in glioblastoma revealed correlations between CD73 expression and genotype, adenosine concentration, and clinical outcome. Spatial analysis revealed interaction between macrophages CD39 expression and tumor cell CD73 expression, suggesting that these populations may interact to suppress anti-tumor immunity. Anti-CD73 therapy may provide therapeutic benefits in glioblastoma by blunting immunosuppressive and oncogenic adenosine signaling.
Citation Format: Shannon Coy, Jia-Ren Lin, Shu Wang, Sylwia Stopka, Rumana Rashid, Jaeho Hwang, Prasidda Khadka, Philipp Euskirchen, Pratiti Bandopadhayay, Patrick Y. Wen, Peter K. Sorger, Nathalie Agar, Keith L. Ligon, Mehdi Touat, Sandro Santagata. Phenogenomic characterization of immunomodulatory purinergic signaling in glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1816.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shu Wang
- 1Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sylwia Stopka
- 2Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rumana Rashid
- 3University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Prasidda Khadka
- 5Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Patrick Y. Wen
- 5Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Nathalie Agar
- 2Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Keith L. Ligon
- 7Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mehdi Touat
- 8La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sandro Santagata
- 2Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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13
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Gaglia G, Kabraji S, Argyropoulou D, Dai Y, Bergholz J, Coy S, Lin JR, Winer EP, Dillon D, Zhao JJ, Sorger PK, Santagata S. Abstract 4: Temporal and spatial topography of cell proliferation in cancer. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Uncontrolled cell proliferation is a defining feature of malignancy. Current understanding of proliferation, particularly in humans, derives primarily from studying cells growing rapidly in the non-physiological conditions of cell culture. However, tumors are exceedingly complex admixtures of different cell types and subclonal malignant populations comprising proliferative, non-proliferative, and arrested states that are influenced by physical, metabolic, and molecular conditions. Images of single or small sets of protein markers from fixed tissue samples only provide limited and static views into the nature of these complex states. Here we identify proliferation states and develop a quantitative framework to extract cell cycle dynamics from multiplexed, spatially-resolved tissue images of millions of tumor cells from human cancers and genetically engineered tumors in mice. Across spatial scales, tumors display intrinsic regional variability in proliferation patterns and in the coherence of cell cycle markers in high-dimensional space. Cell cycle dynamics and cell cycle coherence are not solely a function of tumor growth and oncogene expression and rapidly adapt following genetic and therapeutic perturbations. Replacing binary metrics with multivariate traits provides a quantitative framework for extracting multidimensional dynamic information from static images that is broadly applicable to the study of temporal processes within the native architecture of human disease tissues.
Citation Format: Giorgio Gaglia, Sheheryar Kabraji, Danae Argyropoulou, Yang Dai, Johann Bergholz, Shannon Coy, Jia-Ren Lin, Eric P. Winer, Deborah Dillon, Jean J. Zhao, Peter K. Sorger, Sandro Santagata. Temporal and spatial topography of cell proliferation in cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yang Dai
- 1Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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14
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Gaglia G, Burger M, Ritch C, Argyropoulou D, Dai Y, Coy S, Lin JR, Sorger P, Jacks T, Santagata S. Abstract 122: Highly multiplexed, spatially-resolved tissue imaging of genetically engineered mouse models of cancer to discover and characterize immune regulators of tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite the encouraging success of immunotherapy for certain malignancies, most patients with solid tumors do not yet benefit from such therapies. It is therefore critical that we identify factors dictating responsiveness to immunotherapy by more completely characterizing tumor-immune interactions. Even though immunotherapies are used in humans, in-depth analysis of murine models is essential for a mechanistic understanding of the crosstalk among tumor, immune, and stromal components of the tumor microenvironment (TME): only animal models have the necessary manipulability and reproducibility for causal, mechanistic studies. However, murine modelling must be combined with spatially resolved analytical methods such as highly multiplexed tissue imaging that enable accurate characterization of the TME at a single-cell level. Here we use tissue cyclic immunofluorescence (t-CyCIF) multiplexed imaging to characterize the immune microenvironment of a mouse lung adenocarcinoma model initiated via lentiviral delivery of Cre recombinase into the lungs of KrasLSL-G12D/+;p53fl/fl (KP) mice. Using this new platform, we identify tumor cells and immune cell types (dendritic cells, NK cells, macrophages, B cells, helper T cells, regulator T cells and cytotoxic T cells). We characterize the effects of expressing tumor antigen (i.e., LucOS), of CRISPRa based upregulation of the chemokines (e.g., CXCL10), and of combination immune check point inhibitor treatments (e.g., one-week treatment with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 (PC)). Remarkably the total immune composition of the mouse lungs remains relatively unchanged following these perturbations, but there are marked changes in the immune cell localization in tumor nodules, in the number and size of immune cell networks and in the functional activation states of cytotoxic T cells. For example, one week of PC treatment did not affect tumor burden and did not change the extent of immune cell infiltration however, it did drastically change cytotoxic T cell phenotypes with increased effector phenotypes (i.e., GzmB and Perforin expression and proliferation) and decreased exhaustion-like phenotypes (i.e., PD-1 and Tim-3 expression). Lymphocyte networks decreased in number but were closer to tumors. Using high-dimensional protein expression data to characterize GEMM models following in situ genetic or therapeutic perturbation is a powerful new platform to investigate tumor-immune interactions.
Citation Format: Giorgio Gaglia, Megan Burger, Claire Ritch, Danae Argyropoulou, Yang Dai, Shannon Coy, Jia-Ren Lin, Peter Sorger, Tyler Jacks, Sandro Santagata. Highly multiplexed, spatially-resolved tissue imaging of genetically engineered mouse models of cancer to discover and characterize immune regulators of tumorigenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 122.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Burger
- 2Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | | | | | - Yang Dai
- 1Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | - Tyler Jacks
- 2Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
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15
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Kabraji SK, Gaglia G, Argyropoulou D, Dai Y, Wang S, Bergholz J, Coy S, Lin JR, Jeselsohn R, Metzger O, Winer EP, Dillon D, Zhao J, Sorger P, Santagata S. Temporal and spatial topography of cell proliferation in cancer. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.3122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3122 Background: Tumors are complex ecosystems where exogenous and endogenous cues are integrated to either stimulate or inhibit cancer cell proliferation. However, the nature of these complex cell cycle states, their spatial organization, response to perturbation, and implications for clinical outcomes, are poorly characterized in tumor tissues. Methods: We used multiplexed tissue imaging to develop a robust classifier of proliferation, the multivariate proliferation index (MPI), using 513 unique tumors across five cancer types. Next, we used dimensionality reduction analysis to assess how the patterns of cell cycle protein expression in tumors were altered in response to perturbation. Results: The MPI outperforms single markers, like Ki67, when classifying proliferative index across diverse tumor types and reveals the proliferative architecture of tumors in situ. We find that proliferative and non-proliferative cancer cells are organized across microscopic (cell-to-cell) and macroscopic (tissue-level) scales. Both domains are reshaped by therapy, and local clusters of proliferative and non-proliferative tumor cells preferentially neighbor distinct tumor-infiltrating immune cells. We further phenotyped non-proliferating cancer cells using markers of quiescent cancer cells, cancer stem cells, and dormant cancer cells. We found that these types of non-proliferating cancer cells can occupy distinct regions within the same primary tumor. In high-dimensional marker space, populations of proliferative cancer cells express canonical patterns of cell cycle protein markers, a property we refer to as “cell cycle coherence”. Untreated tumors exist in a continuum of coherence states, ranging from optimal coherence, akin to freely cycling cells in culture, to reduced coherence characterized by either cell cycle polarization or non-canonical marker expression. Coherence can be stereotypically altered by induction and abrogation of mitogen signaling in a HER2-driven model of breast cancer. Cell cycle coherence is modulated by neoadjuvant therapy in patients with localized breast cancer, and coherence is associated with disease-free survival after adjuvant therapy in patients with colorectal cancer, mesothelioma and glioblastoma. Conclusions: The MPI robustly defines proliferating and non-proliferating cells in tissues, with immediate implications for clinical practice and research. The coherence metrics capture the diversity of post-treatment cell cycle states directly in clinical samples, a fundamental step in advancing precision medicine. More broadly, replacing binary metrics with multivariate traits provides a quantitative framework to study temporal processes from fixed static images and to investigate the rich spatial biology of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yang Dai
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Shu Wang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Shannon Coy
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | - Eric P. Winer
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Jean Zhao
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Sandro Santagata
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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16
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Hemming ML, Coy S, Lin JR, Andersen JL, Przybyl J, Mazzola E, Abdelhamid Ahmed AH, van de Rijn M, Sorger PK, Armstrong SA, Demetri GD, Santagata S. HAND1 and BARX1 Act as Transcriptional and Anatomic Determinants of Malignancy in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:1706-1719. [PMID: 33451979 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) arises from interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) or their precursors, which are present throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Although gastric GIST is commonly indolent and small intestine GIST more aggressive, a molecular understanding of disease behavior would inform therapy decisions in GIST. Although a core transcription factor (TF) network is conserved across GIST, accessory TFs HAND1 and BARX1 are expressed in a disease state-specific pattern. Here, we characterize two divergent transcriptional programs maintained by HAND1 and BARX1, and evaluate their association with clinical outcomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We evaluated RNA sequencing and TF chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing in GIST samples and cultured cells for transcriptional programs associated with HAND1 and BARX1. Multiplexed tissue-based cyclic immunofluorescence and IHC evaluated tissue- and cell-level expression of TFs and their association with clinical factors. RESULTS We show that HAND1 is expressed in aggressive GIST, modulating KIT and core TF expression and supporting proliferative cellular programs. In contrast, BARX1 is expressed in indolent and micro-GISTs. HAND1 and BARX1 expression were superior predictors of relapse-free survival, as compared with standard risk stratification, and they predict progression-free survival on imatinib. Reflecting the developmental origins of accessory TF programs, HAND1 was expressed solely in small intestine ICCs, whereas BARX1 expression was restricted to gastric ICCs. CONCLUSIONS Our results define anatomic and transcriptional determinants of GIST and molecular origins of clinical phenotypes. Assessment of HAND1 and BARX1 expression in GIST may provide prognostic information and improve clinical decisions on the administration of adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Hemming
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Sarcoma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica L Andersen
- Sarcoma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Emanuele Mazzola
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amr H Abdelhamid Ahmed
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Sarcoma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Peter K Sorger
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - George D Demetri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Sarcoma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts
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17
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Coy S, Rashid R, Stopka S, Lin JR, Euskirchen P, Hwang J, Khadka P, Bandopadhayay P, Wen P, Sorger P, Agar NYR, Ligon K, Touat M, Santagata S. TAMI-45. PHENOGENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF IMMUNOMODULATORY PURINERGIC SIGNALING IN GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Purinergic signaling plays critical roles in the regulation of tumor growth and anti-tumor immunity via autocrine/paracrine binding of metabolites to receptors on neoplastic and non-neoplastic populations. Extracellular purine concentrations are mediated by the ectonucleotidase enzymes CD39 and CD73, which catabolize ATP to adenosine. Within tumors such as glioblastoma, neoplastic, immune, and stromal cells expressing these enzymes may co-localize to generate immunosuppressive adenosine-rich environments. However, the composition, architecture, and phenotypic properties of these tumor ecosystems and their relationship to tumor genotype are poorly characterized.
METHODS
We quantified CD73 expression by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of CNS tumors [meningiomas(n=222), gliomas(n=244), ependymomas(n=44), medulloblastomas(n=24), and craniopharyngiomas(n=38)]. We used publicly-available single-cell RNA-seq data and 36-marker multiplexed tissue imaging (t-CyCIF) of 139 clinically and genomically annotated glioblastoma resections to characterize CD39 and CD73-expressing populations, define the immune architecture and tumor cell-states at single cell resolution, and identify markers of clinical outcome. We used mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) to generate spatially-resolved quantification of purine metabolite levels in glioblastoma resections (n=10).
RESULTS
CD73 exhibited strong expression in a subset of gliomas and meningiomas but was typically not expressed in ependymomas or medulloblastomas. CD73 expression correlated with poor progression-free-survival in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (p=0.04). scRNA-seq and t-CyCIF in glioblastoma showed CD73 expression in tumor cells, and CD39 expression in macrophages and endothelial cells. MALDI-MSI showed significantly greater adenosine concentrations (3.5-fold;p=0.04) in glioblastomas with high CD73 expression. scRNA-seq showed direct correlations between stem-like mRNA expression, proliferation, and CD73 expression in DIPG. CD73 expression significantly correlated with EGFR amplification, interferon signaling, and PD-L1 expression in glioblastoma.
CONCLUSIONS
Phenogenomic analysis of purinergic immunomodulatory signaling revealed significant interplay between CD73 activity and genotype, adenosine concentration, differentiation-state, clinical outcome, and possible interaction between CD39-positive macrophages and CD73-positive neoplastic cells. Anti-CD73 therapy may provide therapeutic benefits in glioblastoma by blunting immunosuppressive and oncogenic adenosine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Coy
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rumana Rashid
- Laboratory for Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylwia Stopka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- Laboratory for Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, USA
| | - Philipp Euskirchen
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jaeho Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Prasidda Khadka
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Patrick Wen
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Sorger
- Laboratory for Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Keith Ligon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mehdi Touat
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Li SS, Steimer DA, Coy S, Bueno R. Successful treatment of a patient with oligometastatic mesothelioma to the brain. JTCVS Tech 2020; 3:358-360. [PMID: 34317930 PMCID: PMC8302959 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2020.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Desiree A Steimer
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Raphael Bueno
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
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19
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Coy S, Rashid R, Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Santagata S. An update on the CNS manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 2. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:643-665. [PMID: 31161239 PMCID: PMC7038792 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type II (NF2) is a tumor predisposition syndrome characterized by the development of distinctive nervous system lesions. NF2 results from loss-of-function alterations in the NF2 gene on chromosome 22, with resultant dysfunction of its protein product merlin. NF2 is most commonly associated with the development of bilateral vestibular schwannomas; however, patients also have a predisposition to development of other tumors including meningiomas, ependymomas, and peripheral, spinal, and cranial nerve schwannomas. Patients may also develop other characteristic manifestations such as ocular lesions, neuropathies, meningioangiomatosis, and glial hamartia. NF2 has a highly variable clinical course, with some patients exhibiting a severe phenotype and development of multiple tumors at an early age, while others may be nearly asymptomatic throughout their lifetime. Despite the high morbidity associated with NF2 in severe cases, management of NF2-associated lesions primarily consists of surgical resection and treatment of symptoms, and there are currently no FDA-approved systemic therapies that address the underlying biology of the syndrome. Refinements to the diagnostic criteria of NF2 have been proposed over time due to increasing understanding of clinical and molecular data. Large-population studies have demonstrated that some features such as the development of gliomas and neurofibromas, currently included as diagnostic criteria, may require further clarification and modification. Meanwhile, burgeoning insights into the molecular biology of NF2 have shed light on the etiology and highly variable severity of the disease and suggested numerous putative molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we review the clinicopathologic features of NF2, current understanding of the molecular biology of NF2, particularly with regard to central nervous system lesions, ongoing therapeutic studies, and avenues for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Coy
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, BTM8002P, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rumana Rashid
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, BTM8002P, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory for Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anat Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, BTM8002P, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Laboratory for Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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Abstract
The article An update on the CNS manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 2, written by Shannon Coy, Rumana Rashid, Anat Stemmer‑Rachamimov and Sandro Santagata, was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 04 June 2019 without open access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Coy
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, BTM8002P, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rumana Rashid
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, BTM8002P, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory for Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anat Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, BTM8002P, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Laboratory for Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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Coy S, Rashid R, Lin JR, Du Z, Donson AM, Hankinson TC, Foreman NK, Manley PE, Kieran MW, Reardon DA, Sorger PK, Santagata S. Multiplexed immunofluorescence reveals potential PD-1/PD-L1 pathway vulnerabilities in craniopharyngioma. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:1101-1112. [PMID: 29509940 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Craniopharyngiomas are neoplasms of the sellar/parasellar region that are classified into adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP) subtypes. Surgical resection of craniopharyngiomas is challenging, and recurrence is common, frequently leading to profound morbidity. BRAF V600E mutations render PCP susceptible to BRAF/MEK inhibitors, but effective targeted therapies are needed for ACP. We explored the feasibility of targeting the programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoint pathway in ACP and PCP. Methods We mapped and quantified PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in ACP and PCP resections using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and RNA in situ hybridization. We used tissue-based cyclic immunofluorescence to map the spatial distribution of immune cells and characterize cell cycle and signaling pathways in ACP tumor cells which intrinsically express PD-1. Results All ACP (15 ± 14% of cells, n = 23, average ± SD) and PCP (35 ± 22% of cells, n = 18) resections expressed PD-L1. In ACP, PD-L1 was predominantly expressed by tumor cells comprising the cyst lining. In PCP, PD-L1 was highly expressed by tumor cells surrounding the stromal fibrovascular cores. ACP also exhibited tumor cell-intrinsic PD-1 expression in whorled epithelial cells with nuclear-localized beta-catenin. These cells exhibited evidence of elevated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Profiling of immune populations in ACP and PCP showed a modest density of CD8+ T cells. Conclusions ACP exhibit PD-L1 expression in the tumor cyst lining and intrinsic PD-1 expression in cells proposed to comprise an oncogenic stem-like population. In PCP, proliferative tumor cells express PD-L1 in a continuous band at the stromal-epithelial interface. Targeting PD-L1 and/or PD-1 in both subtypes of craniopharyngioma might therefore be an effective therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rumana Rashid
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,MS LINCS Center and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ziming Du
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew M Donson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Denver, Colorado
| | - Todd C Hankinson
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Denver, Colorado.,Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nicholas K Foreman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Denver, Colorado
| | - Peter E Manley
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Pediatric Medical Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark W Kieran
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Pediatric Medical Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David A Reardon
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,MS LINCS Center and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,MS LINCS Center and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts.,Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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22
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Bandopadhayay P, Piccioni F, O'Rourke R, Ho P, Gonzalez EM, Buchan G, Qian K, Gionet G, Girard E, Coxon M, Rees MG, Brenan L, Dubois F, Shapira O, Greenwald NF, Pages M, Balboni Iniguez A, Paolella BR, Meng A, Sinai C, Roti G, Dharia NV, Creech A, Tanenbaum B, Khadka P, Tracy A, Tiv HL, Hong AL, Coy S, Rashid R, Lin JR, Cowley GS, Lam FC, Goodale A, Lee Y, Schoolcraft K, Vazquez F, Hahn WC, Tsherniak A, Bradner JE, Yaffe MB, Milde T, Pfister SM, Qi J, Schenone M, Carr SA, Ligon KL, Kieran MW, Santagata S, Olson JM, Gokhale PC, Jaffe JD, Root DE, Stegmaier K, Johannessen CM, Beroukhim R. Neuronal differentiation and cell-cycle programs mediate response to BET-bromodomain inhibition in MYC-driven medulloblastoma. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2400. [PMID: 31160565 PMCID: PMC6546744 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BET-bromodomain inhibition (BETi) has shown pre-clinical promise for MYC-amplified medulloblastoma. However, the mechanisms for its action, and ultimately for resistance, have not been fully defined. Here, using a combination of expression profiling, genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9-mediated loss of function and ORF/cDNA driven rescue screens, and cell-based models of spontaneous resistance, we identify bHLH/homeobox transcription factors and cell-cycle regulators as key genes mediating BETi's response and resistance. Cells that acquire drug tolerance exhibit a more neuronally differentiated cell-state and expression of lineage-specific bHLH/homeobox transcription factors. However, they do not terminally differentiate, maintain expression of CCND2, and continue to cycle through S-phase. Moreover, CDK4/CDK6 inhibition delays acquisition of resistance. Therefore, our data provide insights about the mechanisms underlying BETi effects and the appearance of resistance and support the therapeutic use of combined cell-cycle inhibitors with BETi in MYC-amplified medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiti Bandopadhayay
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - Ryan O'Rourke
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Patricia Ho
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Gonzalez
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Graham Buchan
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Kenin Qian
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Gabrielle Gionet
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Emily Girard
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Margo Coxon
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Lisa Brenan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Frank Dubois
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Division of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Ofer Shapira
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Division of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Noah F Greenwald
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Division of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Melanie Pages
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Amanda Balboni Iniguez
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Brenton R Paolella
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Division of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Alice Meng
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Claire Sinai
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Giovanni Roti
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Hematology and BMT, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Neekesh V Dharia
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | | | - Prasidda Khadka
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Adam Tracy
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Hong L Tiv
- Experimental Therapeutics Core and Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Boston, USA
| | - Andrew L Hong
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Rumana Rashid
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Glenn S Cowley
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Discovery Science, Janssen Research and Development (Johnson & Johnson), Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Fred C Lam
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, USA
| | - Amy Goodale
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Yenarae Lee
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | | | | | - William C Hahn
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - James E Bradner
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael B Yaffe
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, USA
| | - Till Milde
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- CCU Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jun Qi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | | | | | - Keith L Ligon
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Mark W Kieran
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - James M Olson
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Prafulla C Gokhale
- Experimental Therapeutics Core and Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Boston, USA
| | | | - David E Root
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - Rameen Beroukhim
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA.
- Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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23
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Coy S, Rashid R, Lin JR, Du Z, Donson AM, Hankinson TC, Foreman NK, Manley PE, Kieran MW, Reardon DA, Sorger PK, Santagata S. CRAN-11. MULTIPLEXED IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE REVEALS POTENTIAL PD-1/PD-L1 PATHWAY VULNERABILITIES IN CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy059.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rumana Rashid
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- MS LINCS Center and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ziming Du
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew M Donson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Todd C Hankinson
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas K Foreman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Peter E Manley
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Pediatric Medical Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W Kieran
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Pediatric Medical Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Reardon
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- MS LINCS Center and Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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Galanis E, Nassiri F, Coy S, Nejad R, Zadeh G, Santagata S. Integrating Genomics Into Neuro-Oncology Clinical Trials and Practice. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2018; 38:148-157. [PMID: 30231374 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_200989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Important advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of brain tumors have resulted in a rapid evolution in the taxonomy of central nervous system (CNS) tumors, which culminated in the revised 2016 World Health Organization classification of CNS tumors that incorporates an integrated molecular/histologic diagnostic approach. Our expanding understanding of brain tumor genomics and molecular evolution during the disease course has started to impact clinical management. Furthermore, incorporation of genomic information in ongoing and planned neuro-oncology clinical trials is expected to lead to improved outcomes and result in personalized treatment options for patients with CNS malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evanthia Galanis
- From the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Farhad Nassiri
- From the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shannon Coy
- From the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Romina Nejad
- From the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- From the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- From the Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Ludwig Center at Harvard, Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Hong J, Zaman R, Coy S, Pastel D, Simmons N, Ball P, Mirza S, Abdu W, Pearson A, Lollis SS. A Cohort Study of the Natural History of Odontoid Pseudoarthrosis Managed Nonoperatively in Elderly Patients. World Neurosurg 2018; 114:e1007-e1015. [PMID: 29597016 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the primary goal of treatment of type II odontoid fracture is bony union, some advocate continued nonsurgical management of minimally symptomatic older patients who have fibrous union or minimal fracture motion. The risk of this strategy is unknown. We reviewed our long-term outcomes after dens nonunion to define the natural history of Type II odontoid fractures in elderly patients managed nonoperatively. METHODS A retrospective chart review of 50 consecutive adults aged 65 or older with Type II odontoid fracture initially managed nonsurgically from 1998 to 2012 at a single tertiary care institution was conducted. Particular attention was paid to patients who had orthosis removal despite absent bony fusion. Patients were contacted prospectively by telephone and followed until death, surgical intervention, or last known contact. RESULTS Fifty patients initially were managed nonsurgically; of these, 21 (42.0%) proceeded to bony fusion, 3 (6%) underwent delayed surgery for persistent instability, and 26 (52%) had orthosis removal despite the lack of solid arthrodesis on imaging. The last group had a median follow-up of 25 months (range 4-158 months), with 20 of 26 (76.9%) followed until death. Of these patients, 1 patient developed progressive quadriplegia and dysphagia 11 months after initial injury. Compared with patients with spontaneous union, patients with nonunion had shorter life expectancy, despite no significant differences between the groups with respect to age, sex, injury mechanism, radiographic variables, or follow-up duration. CONCLUSIONS Orthosis removal despite fracture nonunion may be reasonable in elderly patients with Type II dens fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hong
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Rifat Zaman
- Department of Pediatrics, Baystate Children's Hospital, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Pastel
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Nathan Simmons
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Perry Ball
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Sohail Mirza
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - William Abdu
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Adam Pearson
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - S Scott Lollis
- Section of Neurosurgery, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
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Bekelis K, Missios S, Coy S, Rahmani R, MacKenzie TA, Asher AL. Correlation of Subjective Hospital Compare Metrics With Objective Outcomes of Cranial Neurosurgical Procedures in New York State. Neurosurgery 2017; 80:401-408. [PMID: 28362962 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyw071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Public reporting is at the forefront of health care reform. Objective To investigate whether patient satisfaction as expressed in a public reporting platform correlates with objective outcomes for cranial neurosurgery patients. Methods We performed a cohort study involving patients undergoing cranial neurosurgery from 2009 to 2013 who were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database. This cohort was merged with the corresponding data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Hospital Compare website. The association of patient satisfaction metrics with outcomes was examined with the use of a propensity-adjusted regression model. Results Overall, 19 591 patients underwent cranial neurosurgery during the study. Using a propensity-adjusted multivariable regression analysis, we demonstrated that hospitals with a greater percentage of patient-assigned "high" scores had decreased mortality (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.53-0.67), rate of discharge to rehabilitation (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.98), length of stay (adjusted difference, -1.29; 95% CI, -1.46 to -1.13), and hospitalization charges (adjusted difference, -23%; 95% CI, -36% to -9%) after cranial neurosurgery. Similar associations were identified for hospitals with a higher percentage of patients, who would recommend these institutions to others. Conclusion In a Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Hospital Compare-Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System merged dataset, we observed an association of higher performance in patient satisfaction measures with decreased mortality, rate of discharge to rehabilitation, hospitalization charges, and length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Bekelis
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Symeon Missios
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Shannon Coy
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Redi Rahmani
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Todd A MacKenzie
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.,Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Anthony L Asher
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates and Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
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Bekelis K, Missios S, Coy S, MacKenzie TA. Association of Hospital Teaching Status with Neurosurgical Outcomes: An Instrumental Variable Analysis. World Neurosurg 2017; 110:e689-e698. [PMID: 29174238 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interpretation of the results of prior studies on the association of hospital teaching status with surgical outcomes is limited by selection bias. We investigated whether undergoing surgical operations in teaching hospitals is associated with improved outcomes. METHODS We performed a cohort study of all patients undergoing spine and cranial operations who were registered in the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database from 2009 to 2013. We examined the association of teaching status (defined as academic affiliation for the primary analysis) with inpatient case fatality, discharge to a facility, and length of stay (LOS). An instrumental variable analysis was used to control for unmeasured confounding and to simulate the effect of a randomized trial. RESULTS During the study period, 186,483 patients underwent surgical operations that met the inclusion criteria. Instrumental variable analysis demonstrated that hospitalization in teaching hospitals was associated with higher rates of case fatality (adjusted difference, 25%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4%-46%), discharge to a facility (adjusted difference, 5.7%; 95% CI, 4.5%-7.0%), and longer LOS (adjusted difference, 31.4%; 95% CI, 16.0%-46.1%) in comparison with nonteaching hospitals. The same associations were present in propensity score adjusted mixed effects models. These persisted in prespecified subgroups stratified on particular operations and for different definitions of teaching hospitals. CONCLUSIONS Using a comprehensive all-payer cohort of surgical patients in New York State, we identified an association of treatment in teaching hospitals with increased case fatality, rate of discharge to rehabilitation, and longer LOS. Further research into the factors contributing to superior outcomes in nonteaching institutions is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Bekelis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA; Population Health Research Institute of New York at CHS, Melville, New York, USA; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
| | - Symeon Missios
- Center for Neuro and Spine, Akron General - Cleveland Clinic, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Todd A MacKenzie
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
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Coy S, Doyle LA. Fumarate hydratase expression is retained in atypical intradermal smooth muscle neoplasms and cutaneous leiomyosarcomas. Histopathology 2017; 71:1023-1025. [PMID: 28703412 DOI: 10.1111/his.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leona A Doyle
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Shrestha S, Coy S, Bekelis K. Oral Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Agents in the Prevention and Management of Ischemic Stroke. Curr Pharm Des 2017; 23:1377-1391. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666161221145614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The accuracy of public reporting in health care, especially from private vendors, remains an issue of debate. The authors investigated the association of the publicly reported physician complication rates in an online platform with real-world adverse outcomes of the same physicians for patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion. METHODS The authors performed a cohort study involving physicians performing posterior lumbar fusions between 2009 and 2013 who were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database. This cohort was merged with publicly available data over the same time period from ProPublica, a private company. Mixed-effects multivariable regression models were used to investigate the association of publicly available complication rates with the rate of discharge to a rehabilitation facility, length of stay, mortality, and hospitalization charges for the same surgeons. RESULTS During the selected study period, there were 8,457 patients in New York State who underwent posterior lumbar fusion performed by the 56 surgeons represented in the ProPublica Surgeon Scorecard over the same time period. Using a mixed-effects multivariable regression model, the authors demonstrated that publicly reported physician-level complication rates were not associated with the rate of discharge to a rehabilitation facility (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.72-1.31), length of stay (adjusted difference -0.1, 95% CI -0.5 to 0.2), mortality (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.49-1.55), and hospitalization charges (adjusted difference $18,735, 95% CI -$59,177 to $96,647). Similarly, no association was observed when utilizing propensity score-adjusted models, and when restricting the cohort to a predefined subgroup of Medicare patients. CONCLUSIONS After merging a comprehensive all-payer posterior lumbar fusion cohort in New York State with data from the ProPublica Surgeon Scorecard over the same time period, the authors observed no association of publicly available physician complication rates with objective outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Bekelis
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Symeon Missios
- Department of Neurosurgery, Akron General Hospital, Akron, Ohio
| | - Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Jeremiah N Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
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Bekelis K, Labropoulos N, Coy S. Risk of Venous Thromboembolism and Operative Duration in Patients Undergoing Neurosurgical Procedures. Neurosurgery 2017; 80:787-792. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyw129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Bekelis K, Missios S, Coy S, Johnson JN. Does the ranking of surgeons in a publicly available online platform correlate with objective outcomes? J Neurosurg 2016; 127:353-359. [PMID: 27834595 DOI: 10.3171/2016.8.jns16583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The accuracy of public reporting in health care, especially from private vendors, remains an issue of debate. The authors investigated the association of the publicly reported physician complication rates in an online platform with real-world adverse outcomes of the same physicians for patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion. METHODS The authors performed a cohort study involving physicians performing posterior lumbar fusions between 2009 and 2013 who were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database. This cohort was merged with publicly available data over the same time period from ProPublica, a private company. Mixed-effects multivariable regression models were used to investigate the association of publicly available complication rates with the rate of discharge to a rehabilitation facility, length of stay, mortality, and hospitalization charges for the same surgeons. RESULTS During the selected study period, there were 8,457 patients in New York State who underwent posterior lumbar fusion performed by the 56 surgeons represented in the ProPublica Surgeon Scorecard over the same time period. Using a mixed-effects multivariable regression model, the authors demonstrated that publicly reported physician-level complication rates were not associated with the rate of discharge to a rehabilitation facility (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.72-1.31), length of stay (adjusted difference -0.1, 95% CI -0.5 to 0.2), mortality (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.49-1.55), and hospitalization charges (adjusted difference $18,735, 95% CI -$59,177 to $96,647). Similarly, no association was observed when utilizing propensity score-adjusted models, and when restricting the cohort to a predefined subgroup of Medicare patients. CONCLUSIONS After merging a comprehensive all-payer posterior lumbar fusion cohort in New York State with data from the ProPublica Surgeon Scorecard over the same time period, the authors observed no association of publicly available physician complication rates with objective outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Bekelis
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center.,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Symeon Missios
- Department of Neurosurgery, Akron General Hospital, Akron, Ohio
| | - Shannon Coy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Jeremiah N Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
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Bekelis K, Coy S, Simmons N. Operative Duration and Risk of Surgical Site Infection in Neurosurgery. World Neurosurg 2016; 94:551-555.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bekelis K, Missios S, Coy S, MacKenzie TA. Comparison of outcomes of patients with inpatient or outpatient onset ischemic stroke. J Neurointerv Surg 2016; 8:1221-1225. [PMID: 26733583 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-012145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reperfusion times for ischemic stroke occurring in the outpatient setting have improved significantly in recent years. However, quality improvement efforts have largely ignored ischemic stroke occurring in patients hospitalized for unrelated indications. METHODS We performed a cohort study involving patients with ischemic stroke (with inpatient or outpatient onset) from 2009 to 2013 who were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database. A propensity score-adjusted regression analysis was used to assess the association of location of onset and outcomes. Mixed effects methods were employed to control for clustering at the hospital level. RESULTS Of the 176 571 ischemic strokes, 160 157 (90.7%) occurred outside of a hospital and 16 414 (9.3%) occurred in patients hospitalized for unrelated indications. Using a logistic regression model with propensity score adjustment, we demonstrated that inpatient stroke onset was associated with increased inpatient mortality (OR 3.09; 95% CI 2.81 to 3.38), rate of discharge to rehabilitation (OR 2.57; 95% CI 2.37 to 2.79), and length of stay (LOS) (β=11.58; 95% CI 10.73 to 12.42). In addition, it was associated with lower odds (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.62 to 0.77) of undergoing stroke-related interventions (mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous tissue plasminogen activator) compared with outpatient stroke onset. CONCLUSIONS Using a comprehensive all-payer cohort of patients with ischemic stroke in New York State, we identified an association of inpatient stroke onset with fewer stroke-related interventions and increased mortality, rate of discharge to rehabilitation, and LOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Bekelis
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Symeon Missios
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Shannon Coy
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Todd A MacKenzie
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.,Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.,Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
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Bekelis K, Missios S, Coy S, Rahmani R, Singer RJ, MacKenzie TA. Surgical Clipping versus Endovascular Intervention for the Treatment of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients in New York State. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137946. [PMID: 26360422 PMCID: PMC4567333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Object Randomized trials have demonstrated a survival benefit for endovascular treatment of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. We investigated the association of surgical clipping and endovascular coiling with outcomes in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients in a real-world regional cohort. Methods We performed a cohort study involving patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms, who underwent surgical clipping, or endovascular coiling from 2009–2013 and were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database. An instrumental variable analysis was used to investigate the association of treatment technique with outcomes. Results Of the 4,098 patients undergoing treatment, 2,585 (63.1%) underwent coiling, and 1,513 (36.9%) underwent clipping. Using an instrumental variable analysis, we did not identify a difference in inpatient mortality [marginal effect (ME), -0.56; 95% CI, -1.03 to 0.02], length of stay (LOS) (ME, 1.72; 95% CI, -3.39 to 6.84), or the rate of 30-day readmissions (ME, -0.30; 95% CI, -0.82 to 0.22) between the two treatment techniques for patients with SAH. Clipping was associated with a higher rate of discharge to rehabilitation (ME, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.01). In sensitivity analysis, mixed effect regression, and propensity score adjusted regression models demonstrated identical results. Conclusions Using a comprehensive all-payer cohort of patients in New York State presenting with aneurysmal SAH we did not identify an association of treatment method with mortality, LOS or 30-day readmission. Clipping was associated with a higher rate of discharge to rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Bekelis
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Symeon Missios
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Shannon Coy
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Redi Rahmani
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Singer
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Todd A. MacKenzie
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
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Bekelis K, Missios S, Coy S, Singer RJ, MacKenzie TA. New York State: Comparison of Treatment Outcomes for Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysms Using an Instrumental Variable Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:JAHA.115.002190. [PMID: 26169534 PMCID: PMC4608094 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background There is wide regional variation in the predominant treatment for unruptured cerebral aneurysms. We investigated the association of elective surgical clipping and endovascular coiling with mortality, readmission rate, length of stay, and discharge to rehabilitation. Methods and Results We performed a cohort study involving patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms, who underwent surgical clipping or endovascular coiling from 2009 to 2013 and were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database. An instrumental variable analysis was used to investigate the association of treatment technique with outcomes. Of the 4643 patients undergoing treatment, 3190 (68.7%) underwent coiling, and 1453 (31.3%) underwent clipping. Using an instrumental variable analysis, we did not identify a difference in inpatient mortality (marginal effect, 0.13; 95% CI, −0.30, 0.57), or the rate of 30-day readmission (marginal effect, −1.84; 95% CI −4.06, −0.37) between the 2 treatment techniques for patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Clipping was associated with a higher rate of discharge to rehabilitation (marginal effect, 2.31; 95% CI 0.21, 4.41), and longer length of stay (β, 2.01; 95% CI 0.85, 3.04). In sensitivity analysis, mixed-effect regression, and propensity score, adjusted regression models demonstrated identical results. Conclusions Using a comprehensive all-payer cohort of patients in New York State with unruptured cerebral aneurysms, we did not identify an association of treatment method with mortality or 30-day readmission. Clipping was associated with a higher rate of discharge to rehabilitation and longer length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Bekelis
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (K.B., R.J.S.)
| | - Symeon Missios
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA (S.M.)
| | - Shannon Coy
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH (S.C.)
| | - Robert J Singer
- Section of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (K.B., R.J.S.)
| | - Todd A MacKenzie
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (T.A.M.K.) Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (T.A.M.K.) The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH (T.A.M.K.)
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Yoon WS, Kim JT, Han YM, Chung DS, Park YS, Lizarraga KJ, Allen-Auerbach M, De Salles AA, Yong WH, Chen W, Ruge MI, Kickingereder P, Simon T, Treuer H, Sturm V, D'Alessandro PR, Jarrett J, Walling SA, Fleetwood IG, Kim TG, Lim DH, McGovern SL, Grosshans D, McAleer MF, Chintagumpala M, Khatua S, Vats T, Mahajan A, Beauchesne PD, Faure G, Noel G, Schmitt T, Martin L, Jadaud E, Carnin C, Astradsson A, Rosenschold PMA, Lund AKW, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Roed H, Juhler M, Kumar N, Kumar R, Sharma SC, Mukherjee KK, Khandelwal N, Kumar R, Gupta PK, Bansal A, Kapoor R, Ghosal S, Barney CL, Brown AP, Lowe MC, McAleer MF, Grosshans DR, de Groot JF, Puduvalli V, Gilbert MR, Vats TS, Brown PD, Mahajan A, Pollock BE, Stafford SL, Link MJ, Brown PD, Garces YI, Foote RL, Ryu S, Kim EY, Yechieli R, Kim JK, Mikkelsen T, Kalkanis S, Rock J, Prithviraj GK, Oppelt P, Arfons L, Cuneo KC, Vredenburgh J, Desjardins A, Peters K, Sampson J, Chang Z, Kirkpatrick J, Nath SK, Sheridan AD, Rauch PJ, Contessa JN, Yu JB, Knisely JP, Minja FJ, Vortmeyer AO, Chiang VL, Koto M, Hasegawa A, Takagi R, Sasahara G, Ikawa H, Kamada T, Iwadate Y, Matsutani M, Kanner AA, Sela G, Gez E, Matceyevsky D, Strauss N, Corn BW, Brachman DG, Smith KA, Nakaji P, Sorensen S, Redmond KJ, Mahone EM, Kleinberg L, Terezakis S, McNutt T, Agbahiwe H, Cohen K, Lim M, Wharam M, Horska A, Amendola B, Wolf A, Coy S, Blach L, Mesfin F, Suki D, Mahajan A, Rao G, Palkonda VAR, More N, Ganesan P, Kesavan R, Shunmugavel M, Kasirajan T, Maram VR, Kakkar S, Upadhyay P, Das S, Nigudgi S, Katz JS, Knisely JP, Ghaly M, Schulder M, Palkonda VAR, More N, Shunmugavel M, Kasirajan T, Ganesan P, Kakkar S, Maram VR, Nigudgi S, Upadhyay P, Das S, Kesavan R, Taylor RB, Schaner PE, Dragovic AF, Markert JM, Guthrie BL, Dobelbower MC, Spencer SA, Fiveash JB, Katz JS, Knisely JP, Ghaly M, Schulder M, Chen L, Guerrero-Cazares H, Ford E, McNutt T, Kleinberg L, Lim M, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Redmond K, Wernicke AG, Chao KC, Nori D, Parashar B, Yondorf M, Boockvar JA, Pannullo S, Stieg P, Schwartz TH, Leeman JE, Clump DA, Flickinger JC, Burton SA, Mintz AH, Heron DE, O'Neil SH, Wong K, Buranahirun C, Gonzalez-Morkos B, Brown RJ, Hamilton A, Malvar J, Sposto R, Dhall G, Finlay J, Olch A, Reddy K, Damek D, Gaspar L, Ney D, Kavanagh B, Waziri A, Lillehei K, Stuhr K, Chen C, Kalakota K, Offor O, Patel R, Dess R, Schumacher A, Helenowski I, Marymont M, Sperduto P, Chmura SJ, Mehta M, Zadeh G, Shi W, Liu H, Studenski M, Fu L, Peng C, Gunn V, Rudoler S, Farrell C, Andrews D, Chu J, Turian J, Rooney JW, Ramiscal JAB, Laack NN, Shah K, Surucu M, Melian E, Anderson D, Prabhu V, Origitano T, Sethi A, Emami B. CLIN-RADIATION THERAPY. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:vi133-vi141. [PMCID: PMC3488792 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
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Wang Y, Arvanites AC, Davidow L, Blanchard J, Lam K, Yoo JW, Coy S, Rubin LL, McMahon AP. Selective identification of hedgehog pathway antagonists by direct analysis of smoothened ciliary translocation. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7:1040-8. [PMID: 22554036 DOI: 10.1021/cb300028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling promotes tumorigenesis. The accumulation of the membrane protein Smoothened (Smo) within the primary cilium (PC) is a key event in Hh signal transduction, and many pharmacological inhibitors identified to date target Smo's actions. Smo ciliary translocation is inhibited by some pathway antagonists, while others promote ciliary accumulation, an outcome that can lead to a hypersensitive state on renewal of Hh signaling. To identify novel inhibitory compounds acting on the critical mechanistic transition of Smo accumulation, we established a high content screen to directly analyze Smo ciliary translocation. Screening thousands of compounds from annotated libraries of approved drugs and other agents, we identified several new classes of compounds that block Sonic hedgehog-driven Smo localization within the PC. Selective analysis was conducted on two classes of Smo antagonists. One of these, DY131, appears to inhibit Smo signaling through a common binding site shared by previously reported Smo agonists and antagonists. Antagonism by this class of compound is competed by high doses of Smo-binding agonists such as SAG and impaired by a mutation that generates a ligand-independent, oncogenic form of Smo (SmoM2). In contrast, a second antagonist of Smo accumulation within the PC, SMANT, was less sensitive to SAG-mediated competition and inhibited SmoM2 at concentrations similar to those that inhibit wild-type Smo. Our observations identify important differences among Hh antagonists and the potential for development of novel therapeutic approaches against mutant forms of Smo that are resistant to current therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department
of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, ‡Department of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, §Harvard Stem Cell Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ⊥Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Anthony C. Arvanites
- Department
of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, ‡Department of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, §Harvard Stem Cell Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ⊥Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Lance Davidow
- Department
of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, ‡Department of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, §Harvard Stem Cell Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ⊥Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Joel Blanchard
- Department
of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, ‡Department of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, §Harvard Stem Cell Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ⊥Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Kelvin Lam
- Department
of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, ‡Department of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, §Harvard Stem Cell Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ⊥Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Jin Woo Yoo
- Department
of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, ‡Department of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, §Harvard Stem Cell Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ⊥Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Shannon Coy
- Department
of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, ‡Department of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, §Harvard Stem Cell Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ⊥Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Lee L. Rubin
- Department
of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, ‡Department of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, §Harvard Stem Cell Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ⊥Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
| | - Andrew P. McMahon
- Department
of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, ‡Department of Molecular and Cellular
Biology, §Harvard Stem Cell Institute, ∥Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and ⊥Harvard College, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02138, United States
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Becker JR, Robinson TY, Sachidanandan C, Kelly AE, Coy S, Peterson RT, MacRae CA. In vivo natriuretic peptide reporter assay identifies chemical modifiers of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy signalling. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 93:463-70. [PMID: 22198505 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Despite increased understanding of the fundamental biology regulating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and heart failure, it has been challenging to find novel chemical or genetic modifiers of these pathways. Traditional cell-based methods do not model the complexity of an intact cardiovascular system and mammalian models are not readily adaptable to chemical or genetic screens. Our objective was to create an in vivo model suitable for chemical and genetic screens for hypertrophy and heart failure modifiers. METHODS AND RESULTS Using the developing zebrafish, we established that the cardiac natriuretic peptide genes (nppa and nppb), known markers of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and heart failure, were induced in the embryonic heart by pathological cardiac stimuli. This pathological induction was distinct from the developmental regulation of these genes. We created a luciferase-based transgenic reporter line that accurately modelled the pathological induction patterns of the zebrafish nppb gene. Utilizing this reporter line, we were able to show remarkable conservation of pharmacological responses between the larval zebrafish heart and adult mammalian models. CONCLUSION By performing a focused screen of chemical agents, we were able to show a distinct response of a genetic model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy to the histone deacetylase inhibitor, Trichostatin A, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor, U0126. We believe this in vivo reporter line will offer a unique approach to the identification of novel chemical or genetic regulators of myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Becker
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 340 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232-6300, USA.
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Becker JR, Deo RC, Werdich AA, Panàkovà D, Coy S, MacRae CA. Human cardiomyopathy mutations induce myocyte hyperplasia and activate hypertrophic pathways during cardiogenesis in zebrafish. Dis Model Mech 2011; 4:400-10. [PMID: 21245263 PMCID: PMC3097461 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.006148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the effects during cardiac development of mutations that cause human cardiomyopathy, we modeled a sarcomeric gene mutation in the embryonic zebrafish. We designed morpholino antisense oligonucleotides targeting the exon 13 splice donor site in the zebrafish cardiac troponin T (tnnt2) gene, in order to precisely recapitulate a human TNNT2 mutation that causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). HCM is a disease characterized by myocardial hypertrophy, myocyte and myofibrillar disarray, as well as an increased risk of sudden death. Similar to humans with HCM, the morphant zebrafish embryos displayed sarcomere disarray and there was a robust induction of myocardial hypertrophic pathways. Microarray analysis uncovered a number of shared transcriptional responses between this zebrafish model and a well-characterized mouse model of HCM. However, in contrast to adult hearts, these embryonic hearts developed cardiomyocyte hyperplasia in response to this genetic perturbation. The re-creation of a human disease-causing TNNT2 splice variant demonstrates that sarcomeric mutations can alter cardiomyocyte biology at the earliest stages of heart development with distinct effects from those observed in adult hearts despite shared transcriptional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Becker
- Harvard Medical School, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
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Brown A, Coy S. Managed care in a niche population. Networking health services for children with special needs. Infocare 1995:28-30, 32-3. [PMID: 10172414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Brown
- Healthcare Financial Advisors, Baltimore, USA
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Coy S. Components of a managed care IS. Infocare 1995:52, 54. [PMID: 10140641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Moran JR, Vaughan R, Stroop S, Coy S, Johnston H, Greene HL. Concentrations and total daily output of micronutrients in breast milk of mothers delivering preterm: a longitudinal study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1983; 2:629-34. [PMID: 6685761 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-198311000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The number of preterm infants fed their own mother's milk appears to be increasing as a result of information suggesting certain benefits over milk from human milk banks or proprietary formulas. It is also apparent that the nutritional requirements of term and preterm infants differ. Thus, the finding of various deficiencies in small preterm infants indicates that studies which examine the nutrient content of milk from mothers who deliver prematurely are important to aid in suggesting appropriate supplementation. In order to provide appropriate recommendations, nutrient content must be assayed during the period of exclusive milk feedings. Accordingly, the concentrations and total daily output of breast milk zinc and copper, and vitamins A, C, and E, were examined in a group of 13 mothers delivering at or before 32 weeks gestation. Collections of a total 24-h output were obtained every 7 days for the first 7 weeks after delivery. Concentrations of all micronutrients were similar to those reported previously during the first 5 weeks of lactation. Most striking, however, was the progressive decline in total output as well as concentration of zinc. After the first 2 weeks of lactation, levels of copper and vitamins A, C, and E were not affected by the duration of lactation. There was substantial variation between mothers in daily output of all the micronutrients. The low output of these micronutrients suggests that some attempt should be made at monitoring the mineral and vitamin status of small preterm infants fed exclusively human milk for the first 3 months of life.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Moran JR, Courtney ME, Orth DN, Vaughan R, Coy S, Mount CD, Sherrell BJ, Greene HL. Epidermal growth factor in human milk: daily production and diurnal variation during early lactation in mothers delivering at term and at premature gestation. J Pediatr 1983; 103:402-5. [PMID: 6604147 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(83)80412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor is a polypeptide that stimulates proliferation and differentiation of a variety of cell types, including the developing intestinal epithelium; it is the agent in human milk that induces mitosis in human fibroblast culture. We systematically evaluated the EGF content of milk from 20 women delivering prematurely and from 11 women delivering at term. In preterm mothers, the concentration of EGF was 70 +/- 5 ng/ml (mean +/- SEM), with no significant change during seven weeks of lactation. EGF concentration in milk of term mothers was 68 +/- 19 ng/ml (mean +/- SEM). No diurnal variation in the concentration was found. Total EGF content was closely correlated with the volume of milk expressed, suggesting a passive transport from the circulation. These observations confirm that a substantial amount of EGF is present in human milk and that EGF concentrations are not affected by duration of gestation, time of day, or duration of lactation.
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