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Yu B, Zhang Y, Yang L, Xu J, Bu S. Analysis of antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genes of Escherichia coli from healthy swine in Guizhou, China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 88:e1-e8. [PMID: 33764151 PMCID: PMC8008041 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v88i1.1880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the resistance phenotypes and resistance genes of Escherichia coli from swine in Guizhou, China. A total of 47 E. coli strains isolated between 2013 and 2018 were tested using the Kirby–Bauer (K–B) method to verify their resistance to 19 common clinical antimicrobials. Five classes consisting of 29 resistance genes were detected using polymerase chain reaction. The status regarding extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and the relationship between ESBL CTX-M-type β-lactamase genes and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes were analysed. A total of 46 strains (97.9%) were found to be multidrug resistant. Amongst them, 27 strains (57.4%) were resistant to more than eight antimicrobials, and the maximum number of resistant antimicrobial agents was 16. Twenty antibiotic resistance genes were detected, including six β-lactamase genes blaTEM (74.5%), blaCTX-M-9G (29.8%), blaDHA (17.0%), blaCTX-M-1G (10.6%), blaSHV (8.5%), blaOXA (2.1%), five aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes aac(3′)-IV (93.6%), aadA1 (78.7%), aadA2 (76.6%), aac(3′)-II c (55.3%), aac(6′)-Ib (2.1%) and five amphenicol resistance genes floR (70.2%), cmlA (53.2%), cat2 (10.6%), cat1 (6.4%), cmlB (2.1%), three PMQR genes qnrS (55.3%), oqxA (53.2%), qepA (27.7%) and polypeptide resistance gene mcr-1 (40.4%). The detection rate of ESBL-positive strains was 80.9% (38/47) and ESBL TEM-type was the most abundant ESBLs. The percentage of the PMQR gene in blaCTX-M-positive strains was high, and the detection rate of blaCTX-M-9G was the highest in CTX-M type. It is clear that multiple drug resistant E. coli is common in healthy swine in this study. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase is very abundant in the E. coli strains isolated from swine and most of them are multiple compound genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; and, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang.
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Hwang B, Kim J, Chang K, Ahn Y, Byun S, Kim H, Bu S. Impact of Anemia on Long-Term Clinical Outcome in Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction after Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
This study was to compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics of domestic altrenogest oral solution (DAOS) or imported altrenogest oral solution (IAOS) in healthy sows. A single administration (1 mg/kg body weight) of DAOS or IAOS was performed in sixteen healthy sows according to a two-period crossover design. Plasma concentrations of altrenogest (AT) were measured by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS) and the concentration-time data of AT was analyzed by WINNONLIN 5.2. It was suggested that the main pharmacokinetic parameters of DAOS and IAOS were as follows: Cmax was 227.59 ± 83.35 ng/mL and 152.83 ± 80.34 ng/mL, Tmax was 1.16 ± 0.52 h and 1.58 ± 0.85 h, t1/2 was 3.63 ± 0.72 h and 3.45 ± 0.63 h, MRT was 5.02 ± 0.79 h and 5.21 ± 0.87 h, AUC0-t was 1050.23 ± 409.80 h·ng/mL and 778.22 ± 397.84 h·ng/mL, and AUC0-∞ was 1060 h·ng/mL and 786 h·ng/mL, respectively. The relative bioavailability of DAOS was 134.9%. Above results indicated that oral DAOS was better absorbed than IAOS, Cmax of DAOS was higher than that of IAOS (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the main pharmacokinetic parameters between oral DAOS and IAOS (p > 0.05). Our data confirmed that the absorption, fast elimination and bioavailability of DAOS in sows were better than those of IAOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China.,Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, PR China
| | - Haifeng Yang
- Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, PR China
| | - Liangyou Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Shijin Bu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
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4
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Abstract
The residual elimination of altrenogest in swine was investigated, preparing for the determination of withdrawal time. The residues of altrenogest in sebum, muscle, liver and kidney were extracted by optimized methods and further analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. Under experimental conditions, the LOD and LOQ of altrenogest in sebum, muscle, liver and kidney were 0.5 and 1.0 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries were in the range of 65 and 95% and the inter- and intra-RSD were less than 15%. The established method for the extraction, purification and detection of altrenogest is suitable for the determination of the residue of altrenogest in edible tissues of pigs. It was showed that altrenogest had the highest residual concentration level in liver, followed by kidney, sebum and muscle. Then withdrawal time was set at 9 days. The study provides an effective basis for elimination of altrenogest in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Yang
- Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulei Qiu
- Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangyou Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijin Bu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Yang H, Wang Y, Bu S. Pharmacokinetics and residues elimination of diclofenac sodium administration in pigs by a new HPLC/MS method. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2019; 65:36-40. [PMID: 30782291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac sodium (DS) was the third generation non-steroidal drugs with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Owing to taking action faster, long lasting potency, good efficacy and low side effects, DS was widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. To further ensure animal food safety and consumer health, the rational usages regulations of DS and DS withdrawal time should be provided. In the present study, a new high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) method was first established for extracting and validating diclofenac sodium levels in edible porcine tissues. Meanwhile, the pharmacokinetics characteristics and residue elimination of intramuscular DS administration in pigs were also studied. We found DS eliminated quickly and the distribution was poor in vivo. After a single dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weight per day for continuous 3 days, the withdrawal time in the tissues of liver, kidney, sebum, muscle and administration site were 9.892 days, 5.116 days, 14.205 days, 5.444 days and 8.818 days, respectively. According to the double-sided 95% confidence interval, DS withdrawal period should be 15 days. These experiment evidences lay a good foundation on the rational usages regulations of DS and DS withdrawal time, which will be helpful for the animal food safety and consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- The School of Animal Pharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Haifeng Yang
- The School of Animal Pharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Veterinary Medicine College / Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou Univercity, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shijin Bu
- Veterinary Medicine College / Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou Univercity, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Li Y, Yang H, Wang Y, Bu S. Pharmacokinetics and residues elimination of diclofenac sodium administration in pigs by a new HPLC/MS method. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2019. [DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2019.65.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diclofenac sodium (DS) was the third generation non-steroidal drugs with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Owing to taking action faster, long lasting potency, good efficacy and low side effects, DS was widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. To further ensure animal food safety and consumer health, the rational usages regulations of DS and DS withdrawal time should be provided. In the present study, a new high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) method was first established for extracting and validating diclofenac sodium levels in edible porcine tissues. Meanwhile, the pharmacokinetics characteristics and residue elimination of intramuscular DS administration in pigs were also studied. We found DS eliminated quickly and the distribution was poor in vivo. After a single dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weight per day for continuous 3 days, the withdrawal time in the tissues of liver, kidney, sebum, muscle and administration site were 9.892 days, 5.116 days, 14.205 days, 5.444 days and 8.818 days, respectively. According to the double-sided 95% confidence interval, DS withdrawal period should be 15 days. These experiment evidences lay a good foundation on the rational usages regulations of DS and DS withdrawal time, which will be helpful for the animal food safety and consumer health.
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Hao X, Min S, Bu S, Zhu X, Wei K. Abstract PR373. Anesth Analg 2016. [DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000492767.37107.d7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Lam W, Wong S, Bu S, Fielding R. Supportive care needs and physical and psychological wellbeing in breast cancer survivors: A Hong Kong perspective. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pickup D, Sun X, Rosin PL, Martin RR, Cheng Z, Lian Z, Aono M, Hamza AB, Bronstein A, Bronstein M, Bu S, Castellani U, Cheng S, Garro V, Giachetti A, Godil A, Isaia L, Han J, Johan H, Lai L, Li B, Li C, Li H, Litman R, Liu X, Liu Z, Lu Y, Sun L, Tam G, Tatsuma A, Ye J. Shape Retrieval of Non-rigid 3D Human Models. Int J Comput Vis 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11263-016-0903-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Laidsaar-Powell R, Butow P, Bu S, Fisher A, Juraskova I. Oncologists’ and oncology nurses’ attitudes and practices towards family involvement in cancer consultations. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2016; 26. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Laidsaar-Powell
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED); School of Psychology; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - P. Butow
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED); School of Psychology; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - S. Bu
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED); School of Psychology; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - A. Fisher
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED); School of Psychology; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - I. Juraskova
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED); School of Psychology; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
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Abstract
Diaveridine (DVD) is used in combination with sulphachloropyrazine (SPZ) as an effective antibacterial agent and antiprotozoal agent, respectively, in humans and animals. To gain a better understanding of the metabolism of SPZ and DVD in the food-producing animals, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to determine and quantify sulphachloropyrazine (SPZ) and diaveridine (DVD) suspension residues from broilers is reported. Thirty healthy chickens were orally administered with sulphachloropyrazine-diaveridine (SPZ-DVD) suspension in water of 300 mg/l (SPZ) per day for seven successive days. Six chickens per day were slaughtered at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after the last administration. This procedure permitted SPZ and DVD to be separated from muscle tissue, liver, kidneys and skin with fat after extraction with acetonitrile and acetone under slightly acidic conditions. From the detected residuals in different tissues, we found that SPZ was quickly eliminated in liver and muscle, and slowly eliminated in kidney and skin with fat. DVD was quickly eliminated in liver and slowly eliminated in kidney. The withdrawal period of SPZ was 3.26, 3.72, 4.39 and 5.43 days in muscle, liver, kidney and skin with fat, respectively. The withdrawal period of DVD was 4.77, 4.94, 6.74 and 4.58 days in muscle, liver, kidney and skin with fat, respectively. Therefore, the suggested withdrawal period for SPZ-DVD suspension should be 7 days after dosing for seven successive days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- The School of Animal Pharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
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Abstract
We report a dopamine-based crosslinker-conjugated gelatin/polycaprolactone nanofibrous sheet. The nanosheet was then employed to treat stomach incisions without sutures during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg MB
- Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics
| | - W. Wan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg MB
- Canada
| | - L. Ge
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg MB
- Canada
| | - S. Bu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University
- Nanjing 210029
- China
| | - W. Zhong
- Department of Biosystem Engineering
- University of Manitoba
- Canada
| | - M. Xing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg MB
- Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics
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Laidsaar-Powell RC, Butow PN, Bu S, Charles C, Gafni A, Lam WWT, Jansen J, McCaffery KJ, Shepherd HL, Tattersall MHN, Juraskova I. Physician-patient-companion communication and decision-making: a systematic review of triadic medical consultations. Patient Educ Couns 2013; 91:3-13. [PMID: 23332193 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review quantitative and qualitative studies exploring physician-adult patient-adult companion (triadic) communication and/or decision-making within all medical encounters. METHODS Studies were identified via database searches and reference lists. One author assessed eligibility of studies, verified by two co-authors. Data were extracted by one author and cross-checked for accuracy. Two authors assessed the quality of included articles using standardized criteria. RESULTS Of the 8409 titles identified, 52 studies were included. Summary statements and tables were developed for each of five identified themes. Results indicated companions regularly attended consultations, were frequently perceived as helpful, and assumed a variety of roles. However, their involvement often raised challenges. Patients with increased need were more often accompanied. Some companion behaviours were felt to be more helpful (e.g. informational support) and less helpful (e.g. dominating/demanding behaviours), and preferences for involvement varied widely. CONCLUSION Triadic communication in medical encounters can be helpful but challenging. Based on analysis of included studies, preliminary strategies for health professionals are proposed. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Preliminary strategies for health professionals include (i) encourage/involve companions, (ii) highlight helpful companion behaviours, (iii) clarify and agree upon role preferences of patient/companions. Future studies should develop and evaluate specific strategies for optimizing triadic consultations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Laidsaar-Powell
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED), The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Wang X, Dong J, Dai X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li H, Lu C, Tan W, Gao X, Deng X, Bu S, Niu X. Silibinin in vitro protects A549 cells from Staphylococcus aureus-mediated injury and in vivo alleviates the lung injury of staphylococcal pneumonia. Planta Med 2013; 79:110-115. [PMID: 23299760 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1328068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hemolysis, Western blot, and real-time RT-PCR assays were performed to evaluate silibinin's activity against S. aureus α-toxin secretion. In addition, live/dead cell staining and lactate dehydrogenase activity assays were introduced to examine the influence of silibinin on α-toxin-induced cell injury in human alveolar epithelial cells. Furthermore, we tested the influence of silibinin on S. aureus pneumonia in a mouse model. We show that silibinin inhibits the expression of α-toxin in a dose-dependent manner and alleviates α-toxin-induced lung cell injury. The IC50 of silibinin that inhibits the hemolytic activity of S. aureus was 14.33 µg/mL for strain 8325-4. Moreover, this compound provides effective protection on the lung injury of staphylococcal pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Quartermaster Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
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Lu H, Wang J, Yan B, Bu S. Recovery of nickel ions from simulated electroplating rinse water by electrodeionization process. Water Sci Technol 2010; 61:729-735. [PMID: 20150710 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pure water production and recovery of Ni(2+) from dilute NiSO(4) solution via improved electrodeionization (EDI) process were investigated. It was indicated that, with the feed water containing 50 mg L(-1) Ni(2+), the dilute resistivity of the EDI could achieve 3 MOmega cm which gave a Ni(2+) rejection more than 99.8% while the Ni(2+) was concentrated as high as 1,583 mg L(-1) in the concentrate stream. The current efficiency was as high as 40% and the concentrate factor could reach 31.7. The experiment results demonstrated that, just in a single process, it was feasible to purifying and concentrating dilute nickel wastewater synchronously by the EDI technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Nankai district, 300071 Tianjin, China.
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Abstract
AIMS The aims of the present work were to solubilize the abundantly expressed recombinant xylulokinase in Escherichia coli and to develop a reliable xylulokinase assay. METHODS AND RESULTS Three mutants of xylulokinase of Bacillus megaterium that were expressed at high level but formed insoluble protein in E. coli BL21(DE3)pLysS were selected for solubility study. The solubility of xylulokinase increased eight to 77-fold after introduction of molecular chaperones GroEL-GroES into the host. CONCLUSION This investigation reports that GroEL-GroES minimizes the formation of insoluble protein in three highly expressed recombinant xylulokinases and an improved xylulokinase assay. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Commercial production of bioethanol is critically dependent on the development of an efficient and low-cost process of enzymatic conversion of xylan, a major component in lignocellulose biomass, to xylulose-5-phosphate, which can then be channelled into pentose phosphate pathway and metabolized to ethanol. The improved intracellular xylulokinase activity is expected to facilitate the xylose degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bu
- Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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Bu S, Wang S, Ye H. Control of hyperchaos. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:056212. [PMID: 11736059 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.056212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A general method for controlling chaotic systems with one or more positive Lyapunov exponents is investigated analytically and numerically. The method retains the formal features of the adaptive adjustment mechanism and can be equally applied to various types of the unstable fixed points. It is shown that the method proposed here neither asks for any prior analytical knowledge of the system, nor any internal or external controlling parameters in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bu
- Laboratory of Atomic Imaging of Solids, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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Bu S, Wang S, Ye H. Stabilizing unstable discrete systems. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:046209. [PMID: 11690127 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.046209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A general method for stabilizing unstable discrete systems to a fixed point or high-period orbit is developed analytically and numerically in this paper. It is shown that the method can be equally applied to the systems with one or more positive Lyapunov exponents. Moreover, the method does not require a prior analytical knowledge of the system under investigation, nor any additional control parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bu
- Laboratory of Atomic Imaging of Solids, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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Landström M, Heldin NE, Bu S, Hermansson A, Itoh S, ten Dijke P, Heldin CH. Smad7 mediates apoptosis induced by transforming growth factor beta in prostatic carcinoma cells. Curr Biol 2000; 10:535-8. [PMID: 10801443 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is an important regulator of apoptosis in some cell types, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. TGF-beta signals through type I and type II receptors and downstream effector proteins, termed Smads. TGF-beta induces the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 (receptor-activated Smads) which associate with Smad4 and translocate to the nucleus, where they regulate gene transcription [1]. Smad7 protein is induced by TGF-beta1 and has been classified as an inhibitory Smad. Smad7 prevents phosphorylation of receptor-activated Smads, thereby inhibiting TGF-beta-induced signaling responses [1]. Smad7 expression is increased in rat prostatic epithelial cells undergoing apoptosis as a result of castration [2]. Here we have shown that TGF-beta1 treatment or ectopic expression of Smad7 in human prostatic carcinoma cells (PC-3U) induces apoptosis. Furthermore, TGF-beta1-induced apoptosis was prevented by inhibition of Smad7 expression, by antisense mRNA in stably transfected cell lines or upon transient transfection with antisense oligonucleotides in several investigated cell lines. These findings provide evidence for a new effector function for Smad7 in TGF-beta1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Landström
- Biomedical Centre, Rudbeck Laboratory, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Marene.Landstrom@LICR. uu.se
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Abstract
In order to find what types of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes are involved in the metabolism of 2-(allylthio)pyrazine (2-AP) in rats, enzyme inducers, such as phenobarbital, 3-methylcholanthrene, dexamethasone, or isoniazid, and an enzyme inhibitor, such as SKF 525-A were pretreated. After 1-min intravenous administration of 2-AP, 50 mg/kg, to rats pretreated with SKF 525-A (a non-specific CYP inhibitor in rats), the plasma concentrations were significantly higher, and the area under plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to time infinity (AUC) was significantly greater (1365 compared with 1034 microg min/mL) as a result of significantly slower total body clearance (Cl) (36.6 compared with 48.3 mL/min/kg) than those in control rats, indicating that 2-AP was metabolized by CYP isozymes. After 1-min intravenous administration of 2-AP, 50 mg/kg, to rats pretreated with dexamethasone (an inducer of CYP3A in rats), phenobarbital (an inducer of CYP2B1/2, 2C6, 2C7, and 3A1/2 in rats), and 3-methylcholanthrene (an inducer of CYP1A1/2 and 2A1 in rats), the plasma concentrations were significantly lower, and AUC was significantly smaller (27, 41 and 60% decrease, respectively, compared with respective control rats) owing to faster Cl [37 (p>0.05), 70 (p<0.001), and 150% (p<0.001) increase, respectively, compared with respective control rats].
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bu
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Shinlim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bu S, Xu J, Sun J. [Effect of Saikosaponin-d on up-regulating GR mRNA expression and inhibiting cell growth in human leukemia cells]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2000; 20:350-2. [PMID: 11789246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of Saikosaponin-d (SSd) on the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA and cell growth in HL60 cells. METHODS Antiproliferation effects of SSd on HL60 cells were determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation. Cell cycle analysis was also performed by flow cytometry. GRmRNA was analyzed by northern blot analysis. RESULTS After 48 hours treatment with 10 micrograms/ml SSd, 3H-thymidine incorporation decreased in HL60 cells and the effect was time and dose dependent. The flow cytometry analysis showed HL60 cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase. The expression of GR mRNA increased. CONCLUSION SSd exhibits the inhibition effects on cell growth in HL60 cells and could up-regulate the expression of GR mRNA in HL60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bu
- Physiology Department, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai (200433)
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Bu S, Li J, Hu C. [The influence of nerve growth factor on inferior alveolar nerves regeneration in the silicone tubes]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1999; 34:217-9. [PMID: 11776909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of exogenous nerve growth factor(NGF) in the regeneration of adult white rabbits inferior alveolar nerve within the silicone tubes. METHODS In 24 adults white rabbits. A bilateral 8 mm inferior alveolar nerve gaps were created, and the proximal and distal stumps were inserted into a 12 mm silicone tube. The silicone tube of the right side was filled with exogenous NGF(experimental group) and the contralateral side was filled with saline (control group). Regeneration of the nerves was assessed by histological exam and nerve electrophysiological appreciation. Total number of the regenerating myelinated nerve fibers, the conduction velocities of nerves the thickness of myelin sheaths and the cross section area of myelinated nerve fibers between the experimental and the control groups were compared. RESULTS The results showed that: 1. The experimental groups demonstrated more myelinated nerve fibers than that of the controls in 12 and 18 weeks. 2. At the same time following surgery, the myelin sheath thickness and the cross section area of myelinated nerves in the experimental groups were significantly greater than that in the controls. 3. In 12 and 18 weeks, the conduction velocities of regenerating nerves in the experimental groups were faster than that of the controls. CONCLUSION This study suggested that exogenous NGF can enhance regeneration of inferior alveolar nerve with necovery of its sensory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bu
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029
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Bu S, Xu J, Sun J. [Saikosaponin-d up-regulates GR mRNA expression and induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 1999; 20:354-6. [PMID: 11721431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To research the effect of saikosaponin-d (SSd) on the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA and induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells. METHODS Antiproliferation effects of SSd on HL-60 cells were determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation. Apoptosis of the SSd-treated cells was determined by DNA fragmentation analysis and flow cytometry. GR mRNA was analyzed by Northern blot analysis. RESULTS After 48 h treatment with 10 micrograms/ml SSd, 3H-thymidine incorporation was decreased in HL-60 cells and the effects were time and dose dependent. DNA ladder appeared after 60 h treatment with SSd. The flow cytometry analysis showed HL-60 cells was arrested at G0/G1 phase and apoptotic peak appeared in sub-G1 phase. The expression of GR mRNA was increased. CONCLUSION SSd up-regulates the expression of GR mRNA, inhibits the cell growth and induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bu
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433
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Sun J, Liu R, Ye F, Wang M, Jin Z, Bu S, Zhou Q. [Surgical reconstruction of laryngeal and tracheal stenosis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 1999; 13:243-5. [PMID: 12563973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reconstruction of laryngotracheal stenosis. METHOD According to the pathologic condition of the larynx and trachea, various surgical procedures were designed for the treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis. These techniques included endoscopic management, laser therapy and laryngotrachoetomy with autogenous tissue and stent. RESULT Among 36 patients, 32 were decannulated. The success rate was 88.8%. CONCLUSION In order to improve the curation effects of laryngjotrachal stenosis, the choice of surgical procedure must be individualized to the pathologic condition of larynx and trachea, as well as the experience of the surgeon. Learning previous successful experience is also very important for a good result.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001
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Bu S, Sun M, Zhang Y. [Effect of Gengnianjian on up regulated estrogen receptor mRNA to substance P and beta-endorphin in hypothalamus of aging female rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1998; 18:28-31. [PMID: 11360569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Chinese herbal formula Gengnianjian on estrogen receptor (ER), ERmRNA substance P (SP) and beta-endorphin (beta-EP) in the hypothalamus of aging female rats. METHODS ER proteins were determined by radioligand binding assay, ER mRNA was analyzed by Northern blot analysis and the levels of beta-EP and SP were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In aging rats, lowered ER and ER mRNA in the hypothalamus were still up-regulated by low serum E2 level, but not in rats of after the age of 21 months; Gengnianjian significantly increased ER protein level and ER mRNA expression, decreased SP and increased the level of beta-EP in the hypothalamus in aging female rats before 21 months of age, without changing of serum E2 level. In EB group, serum E2 and beta-EP levels increased and SP level decreased but ER expression suppressed in the hypothalamus except after 21 months. CONCLUSION Enhance estrogen bioactivity can decrease the level of SP and increase the level of beta-EP in hypothalamus of aging female rats. Herbal formula Gengnianjian increase-EP level and decrease SP level by raising the level of ER and ER mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bu
- Obstetric and Gynecdogy Hospital, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai(200011)
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Wang Y, Ye F, Bu S. [Clinical experience of coronal flap approach in surgery of anterior skull base tumor]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 1997; 11:454-6. [PMID: 10323012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Surgery of the anterior skull base tumor has been undertaken in 7 cases by coronal flap approach, of which 4 cases were malignant tumors and 3 cases were benign tumors. The dura became torn in 3 cases and resected in 2 cases due to tumor invasion. The dura and bony defects could be repaired with galea, pericranial flaps and fascia flaps of temporalis. The bigger bony defect was consolidated with scalp flap. Three out of 4 cases with malignant tumors were free of tumors for 6 years, 4 years and 17 months, respectively: 1 case died of tumor recurrence after 18 months. No case had postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei
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Bu S, Pro E. [After Beijing. Marginal reflections after a conference]. Riv Inferm 1996; 15:48-51. [PMID: 8788761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zou
- Department of Environmental Protection, Suzhou Institute of Urban Construction and Environmental Protection, People's Republic of China
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