1
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Alesi V, Genovese S, Roberti MC, Sallicandro E, Di Tommaso S, Loddo S, Orlando V, Pompili D, Calacci C, Mei V, Pisaneschi E, Faggiano MV, Morgia A, Mammì C, Astrea G, Battini R, Priolo M, Dentici ML, Milone R, Novelli A. Structural rearrangements as a recurrent pathogenic mechanism for SETBP1 haploinsufficiency. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:29. [PMID: 38520002 PMCID: PMC10960460 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal structural rearrangements consist of anomalies in genomic architecture that may or may not be associated with genetic material gain and loss. Evaluating the precise breakpoint is crucial from a diagnostic point of view, highlighting possible gene disruption and addressing to appropriate genotype-phenotype association. Structural rearrangements can either occur randomly within the genome or present with a recurrence, mainly due to peculiar genomic features of the surrounding regions. We report about three non-related individuals, harboring chromosomal structural rearrangements interrupting SETBP1, leading to gene haploinsufficiency. Two out of them resulted negative to Chromosomal Microarray Analysis (CMA), being the rearrangement balanced at a microarray resolution. The third one, presenting with a complex three-chromosome rearrangement, had been previously diagnosed with SETBP1 haploinsufficiency due to a partial gene deletion at one of the chromosomal breakpoints. We thoroughly characterized the rearrangements by means of Optical Genome Mapping (OGM) and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS), providing details about the involved sequences and the underlying mechanisms. We propose structural variants as a recurrent event in SETBP1 haploinsufficiency, which may be overlooked by laboratory routine genomic analyses (CMA and Whole Exome Sequencing) or only partially determined when associated with genomic losses at breakpoints. We finally introduce a possible role of SETBP1 in a Noonan-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - M C Roberti
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - E Sallicandro
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - S Di Tommaso
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - S Loddo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - V Orlando
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - D Pompili
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - C Calacci
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - V Mei
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - E Pisaneschi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - M V Faggiano
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - A Morgia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - C Mammì
- Operative Unit of Medical Genetics, Great Metropolitan Hospital of Reggio Calabria, 89100, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - G Astrea
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125, Pisa, Italy
| | - R Battini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Priolo
- Operative Unit of Medical Genetics, Great Metropolitan Hospital of Reggio Calabria, 89100, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - M L Dentici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - R Milone
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
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2
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Rossi S, Barresi S, Colafati GS, Genovese S, Tancredi C, Costabile V, Patrizi S, Giovannoni I, Asioli S, Poliani PL, Gardiman MP, Cardoni A, Del Baldo G, Antonelli M, Gianno F, Piccirilli E, Catino G, Martucci L, Quacquarini D, Toni F, Melchionda F, Viscardi E, Zucchelli M, Dal Pos S, Gatti E, Liserre R, Schiavello E, Diomedi-Camassei F, Carai A, Mastronuzzi A, Gessi M, Giannini C, Novelli A, Onetti Muda A, Miele E, Alesi V, Alaggio R. PATZ1-Rearranged Tumors of the Central Nervous System: Characterization of a Pediatric Series of Seven Cases. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100387. [PMID: 38007157 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
PATZ1-rearranged sarcomas are well-recognized tumors as part of the family of round cell sarcoma with EWSR1-non-ETS fusions. Whether PATZ1-rearranged central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a distinct tumor type is debatable. We thoroughly characterized a pediatric series of PATZ1-rearranged CNS tumors by chromosome microarray analysis (CMA), DNA methylation analysis, gene expression profiling and, when frozen tissue is available, optical genome mapping (OGM). The series consisted of 7 cases (M:F=1.3:1, 1-17 years, median 12). On MRI, the tumors were supratentorial in close relation to the lateral ventricles (intraventricular or iuxtaventricular), preferentially located in the occipital lobe. Two major histologic groups were identified: one (4 cases) with an overall glial appearance, indicated as "neuroepithelial" (NET) by analogy with the corresponding methylation class (MC); the other (3 cases) with a predominant spindle cell sarcoma morphology, indicated as "sarcomatous" (SM). A single distinct methylation cluster encompassing both groups was identified by multidimensional scaling analysis. Despite the epigenetic homogeneity, unsupervised clustering analysis of gene expression profiles revealed 2 distinct transcriptional subgroups correlating with the histologic phenotypes. Interestingly, genes implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix composition were enriched in the subgroup associated to the SM phenotype. The combined use of CMA and OGM enabled the identification of chromosome 22 chromothripsis in all cases suitable for the analyses, explaining the physical association of PATZ1 to EWSR1 or MN1. Six patients are currently disease-free (median follow-up 30 months, range 12-92). One patient of the SM group developed spinal metastases at 26 months from diagnosis and is currently receiving multimodal therapy (42 months). Our data suggest that PATZ1-CNS tumors are defined by chromosome 22 chromothripsis as causative of PATZ1 fusion, show peculiar MRI features (eg, relation to lateral ventricles, supratentorial frequently posterior site), and, although epigenetically homogenous, encompass 2 distinct histologic and transcriptional subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Rossi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sabina Barresi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Stefania Colafati
- Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences (DNISC), University "Gabriele D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chantal Tancredi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentino Costabile
- Multimodal Research Area, Unit of Microbiology and Diagnostics in Immunology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Patrizi
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Giovannoni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sofia Asioli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM)-Surgical Pathology Section-Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Luigi Poliani
- Pathology Unit, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Paola Gardiman
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonello Cardoni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Del Baldo
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Manila Antonelli
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gianno
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Piccirilli
- Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences (DNISC), University "Gabriele D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giorgia Catino
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Licia Martucci
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Quacquarini
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Toni
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fraia Melchionda
- SSD Oncoematologia Pediatrica, IRCCS AOU Policlinico S.Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Viscardi
- Department of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mino Zucchelli
- Paediatric Neurosurgery, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sandro Dal Pos
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Enza Gatti
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili University Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberto Liserre
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili University Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Schiavello
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Carai
- Neurosurgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Gessi
- Neuropathology Unit, Pathology Division, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica S.Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Giannini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM)-Surgical Pathology Section-Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Evelina Miele
- Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Viola Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Alaggio
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Medico-surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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3
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Alesi V, Genovese S, Lepri FR, Catino G, Loddo S, Orlando V, Di Tommaso S, Morgia A, Martucci L, Di Donato M, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B, Novelli A, Capolino R. Deep Intronic LINE-1 Insertions in NF1: Expanding the Spectrum of Neurofibromatosis Type 1-Associated Rearrangements. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050725. [PMID: 37238595 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal-dominant condition caused by NF1 gene inactivation. Clinical diagnosis is corroborated by genetic tests on gDNA and cDNA, which are inconclusive in approximately 3-5% of cases. Genomic DNA approaches may overlook splicing-affecting intronic variants and structural rearrangements, especially in regions enriched in repetitive sequences. On the other hand, while cDNA-based methods provide direct information about the effect of a variant on gene transcription, they are hampered by non-sense-mediated mRNA decay and skewed or monoallelic expression. Moreover, analyses on gene transcripts in some patients do not allow tracing back to the causative event, which is crucial for addressing genetic counselling, prenatal monitoring, and developing targeted therapies. We report on a familial NF1, caused by an insertion of a partial LINE-1 element inside intron 15, leading to exon 15 skipping. Only a few cases of LINE-1 insertion have been reported so far, hampering gDNA studies because of their size. Often, they result in exon skipping, and their recognition of cDNA may be difficult. A combined approach, based on Optical Genome Mapping, WGS, and cDNA studies, enabled us to detect the LINE-1 insertion and test its effects. Our results improve knowledge of the NF1 mutational spectrum and highlight the importance of custom-built approaches in undiagnosed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Lepri
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Catino
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Loddo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Orlando
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Tommaso
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Morgia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Licia Martucci
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Di Donato
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Capolino
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
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4
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Bonomo I, Assoni G, La Pietra V, Canarutto G, Facen E, Donati G, Zucal C, Genovese S, Micaelli M, Pérez-Ràfols A, Robbiati S, Kontoyannis DL, De Matteo M, Fragai M, Seneci P, Marinelli L, Arosio D, Piazza S, Provenzani A. HuR modulation with tanshinone mimics impairs LPS response in murine macrophages. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:297137. [PMID: 36912171 PMCID: PMC10110401 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide exposure to macrophages induces an inflammatory response that is heavily regulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. HuR (ELAVL1) is an RNA binding protein that binds and regulates the maturation and half-life of AU/U rich elements (ARE) containing cytokines and chemokines transcripts, mediating the LPS-induced response. Here we investigated how and to what extent small molecule tanshinone mimics (TMs) inhibiting HuR-RNA interaction counteract LPS stimulus in macrophages. We show TMs exist in solution in keto-enolic tautomerism and that, by molecular dynamic calculations, the orto quinone form is the bioactive species interacting with HuR and inhibiting its binding mode vs mRNA targets. A chemical blockage of the diphenolic, reduced form as a diacetate caused the loss of activity of TMs in vitro but resulted to prodrug-like activity in vivo. The murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was treated with LPS and TMs, and the modulation of cellular LPS-induced response was monitored by RNA and Ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation sequencing. Correlation analyses indicated that LPS induced a strong coupling between differentially expressed genes and HuR-bound genes, and that TMs reduced such interactions. Functional annotation addressed a specific set of genes involved in chemotaxis and immune response, such as Cxcl10, Il1b, Cd40, and Fas, with a decreased association with HuR, a reduction of their expression and protein secretion. The same effect was observed in primary murine bone marrow-derived macrophages, and in vivo in an LPS induced peritonitis model, in which the serum level of Cxcl10 and Il1b was strongly reduced, endowing TMs such as TM7nox with remarkable anti-inflammatory properties in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Bonomo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, DeCIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Giulia Assoni
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, DeCIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, University of Milan - Statale, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria La Pietra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giulia Canarutto
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, (ICGEB), Via Padriciano 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elisa Facen
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, DeCIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Greta Donati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Zucal
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, DeCIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan - Statale, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Micaelli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, DeCIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Anna Pérez-Ràfols
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy; Giotto Biotech, S.R.L, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Sergio Robbiati
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, DeCIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Dimitris L Kontoyannis
- Biomedical Sciences Research Centre "Alexander Fleming", Institute of Fundamental Biomedical Research, Vari, Greece.,Division of Genetics, Development & Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | | | - Marco Fragai
- Centre for Magnetic Resonance (CERM), University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierfausto Seneci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan - Statale, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Arosio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC) "Giulio Natta", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via C. Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, (ICGEB), Via Padriciano 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Provenzani
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, DeCIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
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5
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Cardoni A, Barresi S, Piccirilli E, Alesi V, Miele E, Giovannoni I, Genovese S, Del Baldo G, Diomedi-Camassei F, Antonelli M, Giangaspero F, Puggioni C, Carai A, Colafati GS, Mastronuzzi A, Gessi M, Alaggio R, Rossi S. A non-hemispheric transtentorial ZFTA fusion-positive ependymoma in a 6-month-old boy. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2023; 49:e12886. [PMID: 36709981 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Cardoni
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Barresi
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Piccirilli
- Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences (DNISC), University "Gabriele D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Viola Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Evelina Miele
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Del Baldo
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Manila Antonelli
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Chiara Puggioni
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Carai
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Stefania Colafati
- Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences (DNISC), University "Gabriele D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell Therapy, Gene Therapies and Hemopoietic Transplant, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Gessi
- Neuropathology Unit, Pathology Division Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Alaggio
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rossi
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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6
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Alesi V, Lepri FR, Dentici ML, Genovese S, Sallicandro E, Bejo K, Dallapiccola B, Capolino R, Novelli A, Digilio MC. Intragenic inversions in NF1 gene as pathogenic mechanism in neurofibromatosis type 1. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:1239-1243. [PMID: 35879407 PMCID: PMC9626576 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by skin pigmentary lesions and multiple cutaneous neurofibromas, is caused by neurofibromin 1 (NF1) loss of function variants. Currently, a molecular diagnosis is frequently established using a multistep protocol based on cDNA and gDNA sequence analysis and/or Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) assay on genomic DNA, providing an overall detection rate of about 95-97%. The small proportion of clinically diagnosed patients, which at present do not obtain a molecular confirmation likely are mosaic, as their pathogenic variant may remain undetected due to low sensitivity of low coverage NGS approaches, or they may carry a type of pathogenic variant refractory to currently used technologies. Here, we report two unrelated patients presenting with two different inversions that disrupt the NF1 coding sequence, resulting in an NF1 phenotype. In one subject, the inversion was associated with microdeletions spanning a few NF1 exons at both breakpoints, while in the other the rearrangement did not cause exon loss, thus testing negative by MLPA assay. Considering the high proportion of repeated regions within the NF1 sequence, we propose that intragenic structural rearrangements should be considered as possible pathogenic mechanisms in patients fulfilling the NIH diagnostic criteria of NF1 but lacking of molecular confirmation and in patients with NF1 intragenic microdeletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Romana Lepri
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ester Sallicandro
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Kristel Bejo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Capolino
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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7
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Trombara F, Cosentino N, Genovese S, Bonomi A, Ludergnani M, Poggio P, Agostoni PG, Marenzi G. Impact of chronic GLP-1 receptor agonist and SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy on in-hospital outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) demonstrated cardiovascular and renal protection in addition to their glucose-lowering effect. Whether their benefits occur also in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) during hospitalisation with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has not been investigated yet.
Purpose
We evaluated in-hospital outcomes of patients hospitalised with AMI according to their chronic use (before hospitalisation) of GLP-1 RA and SGLT-2i therapy.
Methods
Using administrative healthcare databases, we analysed patients hospitalised with a primary diagnosis of AMI from 2010 to 2019 in the Lombardy region, Italy. Patients were stratified according to their DM status, then divided into three cohorts: Group 1 (non-DM patients); Group 2 (DM patients taking GLP-1 RA or SGLT-2i); and Group 3 (DM patients not taking GLP-1 RA and/or SGLT-2i). Patients were matched in a 1:1:1 ratio using a propensity score including all available variables. The primary endpoint of the study was the composite of in-hospital mortality, acute heart failure, and acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy.
Results
We identified 146,800 patients hospitalised with AMI (26% of them with DM). After propensity score matching, 1,030 patients were included in each group. The primary endpoint rate in the overall population was 16% (n=502) and it significantly increased going from Group 1 to Group 3 (13%, 16%, and 20% respectively; p for trend <0.0001). The risk of the composite endpoint significantly increased from Group 1 to Group 3 (P for trend <0.0001). In comparison with Group 2, Group 3 had a significant higher risk of the composite endpoint (OR 1.40 [95% CI 1.11–1.77]).
Conclusions
Our study shows that DM patients hospitalised with AMI and on chronic GLP-1 RA and/or SGLT-2i therapy have a better in-hospital clinical outcome than DM patients without them.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Trombara
- Monzino Cardiology Center, IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - N Cosentino
- Monzino Cardiology Center, IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Monzino Cardiology Center, IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - A Bonomi
- Monzino Cardiology Center, IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - M Ludergnani
- Monzino Cardiology Center, IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - P Poggio
- Monzino Cardiology Center, IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - P G Agostoni
- Monzino Cardiology Center, IRCCS , Milan , Italy
| | - G Marenzi
- Monzino Cardiology Center, IRCCS , Milan , Italy
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8
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Catino G, Genovese S, Di Tommaso S, Orlando V, Petti MT, De Bernardi ML, Dallapiccola B, Novelli A, Ulgheri L, Piscopo C, Alesi V. Reciprocal Xp11.4p11.3 microdeletion/microduplication spanning USP9X, DDX3X, and CASK genes in two patients with syndromic intellectual disability. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1836-1847. [PMID: 35238482 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Only a few patients with deletions or duplications at Xp11.4, bridging USP9X, DDX3X, and CASK genes, have been described so far. Here, we report on a female harboring a de novo Xp11.4p11.3 deletion and a male with an overlapping duplication inherited from an unaffected mother, presenting with syndromic intellectual disability. We discuss the role of USP9X, DDX3X, and CASK genes in human development and describe the effects of Xp11.4 deletion and duplications in female and male patients, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Catino
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Tommaso
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Orlando
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Petti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Ulgheri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Genetics Service, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carmelo Piscopo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Viola Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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9
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Digilio MC, Calcagni G, Gnazzo M, Versacci P, Dentici ML, Capolino R, Sinibaldi L, Baban A, Putotto C, Alfieri P, Unolt M, Lepri FR, Alesi V, Genovese S, Novelli A, Marino B, Dallapiccola B. Congenital heart defects in molecularly confirmed KBG syndrome patients. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:1149-1159. [PMID: 34971082 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are known to occur in 9%-25% of patients with KBG syndrome. In this study we analyzed the prevalence and anatomic types of CHDs in 46 personal patients with KBG syndrome, carrying pathogenetic variants in ANKRD11 or 16q24.3 deletion, and reviewed CHDs in patients with molecular diagnosis of KBG syndrome from the literature. CHD was diagnosed in 15/40 (38%) patients with ANKRD11 variant, and in one patient with 16q24.3 deletion. Left ventricular outflow tract obstructions have been diagnosed in 9/15 (60%), subaortic or muscular ventricular septal defect in 5/15 (33%), dextrocardia in 1/15 (8%). The single patient with 16q24.3 deletion and CHD had complete atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) with aortic coarctation. Review of KBG patients from the literature and present series showed that septal defects have been diagnosed in 44% (27/61) of the cases, left ventricular tract obstructions in 31% (19/61), AVSD in 18% (11/61). Septal defects have been diagnosed in 78% of total patients with 16q24.3 deletion. Valvar anomalies are frequently diagnosed, prevalently involving the left side of the heart. A distinctive association with AVSD is identifiable and could represent a marker to suggest the diagnosis in younger patients. In conclusion, after precise molecular diagnosis and systematic cardiological screening the prevalence of CHD in KBG syndrome seems to be higher than previously reported in clinical articles. In addition to septal defects, left-sided anomalies and AVSD should be considered. Clinical management of KBG syndrome should include accurate and detailed echocardiogram at time of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Digilio
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Calcagni
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gnazzo
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Versacci
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Urologic Sciences, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Capolino
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sinibaldi
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anwar Baban
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Putotto
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Urologic Sciences, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Alfieri
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Unolt
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca R Lepri
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Viola Alesi
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Marino
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Urologic Sciences, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Medical Genetics Unit and Medical Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Neuropsychiatry, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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10
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Digilio MC, Dentici ML, Loddo S, Laino L, Calcagni G, Genovese S, Capolino R, Bottillo I, Calvieri G, Dallapiccola B, Marino B, Novelli A, Versacci P. Congenital heart defects in the recurrent 2q13 deletion syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 65:104381. [PMID: 34763108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The recurrent 2q13 deletion syndrome is a rare genetic disorder associated with developmental delay, cardiac and urogenital malformations, and minor facial anomalies. Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most frequent malformations associated with del2q13. Experimental studies in zebrafish suggest that two genes mapping within the 2q13 critical region (FBLN7 and TMEM87B) could confer susceptibility to congenital heart defects in affected individuals. We reviewed the cardiac characteristics in four patients with 2q13 deletion admitted to our hospitals, and in published patients. Two of our patients had congenital heart defects, consisting in partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection, ostium secundum atrial septal defect ostium secundum, and small muscular ventricular septal defect in one of them, and aortic valve insufficiency with partial fusion of two commissures (incomplete bicuspid aortic valve) and mitral valve insufficiency due to trivial mitral valve prolapse in the other. The anatomic types of CHD in del2q13 syndrome are highly variable and distributed widely, including laterality defects, complex atrioventricular septal defect, septal anomalies, and cardiomyopathies. Cardiac evaluation should be part of the clinical workup at diagnosis of 2q13 deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Digilio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - M L Dentici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Loddo
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - L Laino
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - G Calcagni
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - R Capolino
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - I Bottillo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - G Calvieri
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - B Dallapiccola
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - B Marino
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Ginecology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Novelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - P Versacci
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Ginecology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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11
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Bowles B, Ferrer A, Nishimura CJ, Pinto E Vairo F, Rey T, Leheup B, Sullivan J, Schoch K, Stong N, Agolini E, Cocciadiferro D, Williams A, Cummings A, Loddo S, Genovese S, Roadhouse C, McWalter K, Wentzensen IM, Li C, Babovic-Vuksanovic D, Lanpher BC, Dentici ML, Ankala A, Hamm JA, Dallapiccola B, Radio FC, Shashi V, Gérard B, Bloch-Zupan A, Smith RJ, Klee EW. TSPEAR variants are primarily associated with ectodermal dysplasia and tooth agenesis but not hearing loss: A novel cohort study. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2417-2433. [PMID: 34042254 PMCID: PMC8361973 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic loss‐of‐function variants in the thrombospondin‐type laminin G domain and epilepsy‐associated repeats (TSPEAR) gene have recently been associated with ectodermal dysplasia and hearing loss. The first reports describing a TSPEAR disease association identified this gene is a cause of nonsyndromic hearing loss, but subsequent reports involving additional affected families have questioned this evidence and suggested a stronger association with ectodermal dysplasia. To clarify genotype–phenotype associations for TSPEAR variants, we characterized 13 individuals with biallelic TSPEAR variants. Individuals underwent either exome sequencing or panel‐based genetic testing. Nearly all of these newly reported individuals (11/13) have phenotypes that include tooth agenesis or ectodermal dysplasia, while three newly reported individuals have hearing loss. Of the individuals displaying hearing loss, all have additional variants in other hearing‐loss‐associated genes, specifically TMPRSS3, GJB2, and GJB6, that present competing candidates for their hearing loss phenotype. When presented alongside previous reports, the overall evidence supports the association of TSPEAR variants with ectodermal dysplasia and tooth agenesis features but creates significant doubt as to whether TSPEAR variants are a monogenic cause of hearing loss. Further functional evidence is needed to evaluate this phenotypic association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Bowles
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alejandro Ferrer
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carla J Nishimura
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Filippo Pinto E Vairo
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tristan Rey
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Laboratoires de Diagnostic génétique, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS-UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Bruno Leheup
- Département de Médecine Infantile, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Jennifer Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelly Schoch
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nicholas Stong
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,Brystol Myers Squibb, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emanuele Agolini
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Cocciadiferro
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Abigail Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, East Tennessee Children's Hospital, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alex Cummings
- Department of Pediatrics, East Tennessee Children's Hospital, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.,University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sara Loddo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chelsea Roadhouse
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Chumei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dusica Babovic-Vuksanovic
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brendan C Lanpher
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Arun Ankala
- EGL Genetics LLC, Tucker, Georgia, USA.,Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - J Austin Hamm
- Department of Pediatrics, East Tennessee Children's Hospital, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Clementina Radio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vandana Shashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Benedicte Gérard
- Laboratoires de Diagnostic génétique, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnes Bloch-Zupan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires O-Rares, Filière Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network CRANIO, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS-UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Richard J Smith
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Eric W Klee
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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12
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Alesi V, Dentici ML, Genovese S, Loddo S, Bellacchio E, Orlando V, Di Tommaso S, Catino G, Calacci C, Calvieri G, Pompili D, Ubertini G, Dallapiccola B, Capolino R, Novelli A. Homozygous HESX1 and COL1A1 Gene Variants in a Boy with Growth Hormone Deficiency and Early Onset Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020750. [PMID: 33451138 PMCID: PMC7828579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a patient born to consanguineous parents, presenting with Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) and osteoporosis. SNP-array analysis and exome sequencing disclosed long contiguous stretches of homozygosity and two distinct homozygous variants in HESX1 (Q6H) and COL1A1 (E1361K) genes. The HESX1 variant was described as causative in a few subjects with an incompletely penetrant dominant form of combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD). The COL1A1 variant is rare, and so far it has never been found in a homozygous form. Segregation analysis showed that both variants were inherited from heterozygous unaffected parents. Present results further elucidate the inheritance pattern of HESX1 variants and recommend assessing the clinical impact of variants located in C-terminal propeptide of COL1A1 gene for their potential association with rare recessive and early onset forms of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.L.D.); (B.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Sara Loddo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Emanuele Bellacchio
- Department of Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Valeria Orlando
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Silvia Di Tommaso
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Giorgia Catino
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Chiara Calacci
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Giusy Calvieri
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
| | - Daniele Pompili
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
| | | | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.L.D.); (B.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Rossella Capolino
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.L.D.); (B.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.L.); (V.O.); (S.D.T.); (G.C.); (C.C.); (G.C.); (D.P.); (A.N.)
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13
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Arghir A, Papuc SM, Tutulan‐Cunita A, Erbescu A, Loddo S, Genovese S, Ciocca L, Goldoni M, Piscopo C, Bernardini L, Novelli A, Budisteanu M. Autism and severe clinical phenotype in a patient with 8p21.2p11.21 deletion: Case report and literature review. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:314-321. [PMID: 33505690 PMCID: PMC7813129 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial 8p deletions were previously described, in literature and databases, in approximately 30 patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. We report on a novel patient with a 8p21.2p11.21 deletion presenting a clinical phenotype that includes severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, epilepsy, and autism, the latter having been rarely associated with this genetic defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Arghir
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania
| | | | | | - Alina Erbescu
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania
| | - Sara Loddo
- Bambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSRomeItaly
| | | | | | - Marina Goldoni
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza FoundationSan Giovanni RotondoItaly
| | | | - Laura Bernardini
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza FoundationSan Giovanni RotondoItaly
| | | | - Magdalena Budisteanu
- Victor Babes National Institute of PathologyBucharestRomania
- Prof. Dr. Alex. Obregia Clinical Hospital of PsychiatryBucharestRomania
- Titu Maiorescu UniversityBucharestRomania
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14
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Alesi V, Loddo S, Orlando V, Genovese S, Di Tommaso S, Liambo MT, Pompili D, Ferretti D, Calacci C, Catino G, Falasca R, Dentici ML, Novelli A, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B. Atypical 7q11.23 deletions excluding ELN gene result in Williams-Beuren syndrome craniofacial features and neurocognitive profile. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:242-249. [PMID: 33098373 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Williams-Beurens syndrome (WBS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a recurrent 7q11.23 microdeletion. Clinical characteristics include typical facial dysmorphisms, weakness of connective tissue, short stature, mild to moderate intellectual disability and distinct behavioral phenotype. Cardiovascular diseases are common due to haploinsufficiency of ELN gene. A few cases of larger or smaller deletions have been reported spanning towards the centromeric or the telomeric regions, most of which included ELN gene. We report on three patients from two unrelated families, presenting with distinctive WBS features, harboring an atypical distal deletion excluding ELN gene. Our study supports a critical role of CLIP2, GTF2IRD1, and GTF2I gene in the WBS neurobehavioral profile and in craniofacial features, highlights a possible role of HIP1 in the autism spectrum disorder, and delineates a subgroup of WBS individuals with an atypical distal deletion not associated to an increased risk of cardiovascular defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Alesi
- Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Loddo
- Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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15
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Loddo S, Alesi V, Radio FC, Genovese S, Di Tommaso S, Calvieri G, Orlando V, Bertini E, Dentici ML, Novelli A, Dallapiccola B. PPP1R21-related syndromic intellectual disability: Report of an adult patient and review. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:3014-3022. [PMID: 32985083 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Variants in PPP1R21 were recently found to be associated with an autosomal recessive intellectual disability syndrome in 9 individuals. Our patient, the oldest among the known subjects affected by PPP1R21-related syndrome, manifested intellectual disability, short stature, congenital ataxia with cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, generalized hypertrichosis, ulcerative keratitis, muscle weakness, progressive coarse appearance, macroglossia with fissured tongue, and deep palmar and plantar creases. We provide an overview of the clinical spectrum and natural history of this newly recognized disorder, arguing the emerging notion that PPP1R21 gene mutations could result in endolysosomal functional defects. The oldest patients could display a more severe clinical outcome, due to accumulation of metabolites or damage secondary to an alteration of the autophagy pathway. Follow-up of patients with PPP1R21 mutations is recommended for improving the understanding of PPP1R21-related syndromic intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Loddo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Viola Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Tommaso
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giusy Calvieri
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Orlando
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Scientific Directorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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16
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Gnazzo M, Lepri FR, Dentici ML, Capolino R, Pisaneschi E, Agolini E, Rinelli M, Alesi V, Versacci P, Genovese S, Cesario C, Sinibaldi L, Baban A, Bartuli A, Marino B, Cappa M, Dallapiccola B, Novelli A, Digilio MC. KBG syndrome: Common and uncommon clinical features based on 31 new patients. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:1073-1083. [PMID: 32124548 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
KBG syndrome (MIM #148050) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, distinct craniofacial anomalies, macrodontia of permanent upper central incisors, skeletal abnormalities, and short stature. This study describes clinical features of 28 patients, confirmed by molecular testing of ANKRD11 gene, and three patients with 16q24 deletion encompassing ANKRD11 gene, diagnosed in a single center. Common clinical features are reported, together with uncommon findings, clinical expression in the first years of age, distinctive associations, and familial recurrences. Unusual manifestations emerging from present series include juvenile idiopathic arthritis, dysfunctional dysphonia, multiple dental agenesis, idiopathic precocious telarche, oral frenula, motor tics, and lipoma of corpus callosum, pilomatrixoma, and endothelial corneal polymorphic dystrophy. Facial clinical markers suggesting KBG syndrome before 6 years of age include ocular and mouth conformation, wide eyebrows, synophrys, long black eyelashes, long philtrum, thin upper lip. General clinical symptoms leading to early genetic evaluation include developmental delay, congenital malformations, hearing anomalies, and feeding difficulties. It is likely that atypical clinical presentation and overlapping features in patients with multiple variants are responsible for underdiagnosis in KBG syndrome. Improved knowledge of common and atypical features of this disorder improves clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gnazzo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca R Lepri
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Capolino
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Pisaneschi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Agolini
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Rinelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Viola Alesi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Versacci
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Cesario
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sinibaldi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anwar Baban
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bartuli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Marino
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Cappa
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics, Rare Diseases, Pediatric Cardiology, and Endocrinology Units, Scientific Rectorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Vinci MC, Vigorelli V, Raucci A, Genovese S, Pompilio G. P2252Hyperglycemia drives myeloid CD34+ stem cells differentiation towards pro-inflammatory and senescent monocyte subpopulations. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
Diabetes is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammatory status mediated by cellular senescence and alterations of the circulating cytokine profile and of innate immune system cell components. An abnormal expansion of intermediate (CD14++CD16+) and non-classical (CD14+CD16++) monocyte subpopulations with highly inflammatory and senescent-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) have been observed in T2DM patients with cardiovascular (CV) complications. It is unknown whether CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), players of CV prognosis, are involved in this process.
Purpose
To assess whether hyperglycemia might induce a pro-inflammatory priming of hematopoietic CD34+ HSCs that through senescence and acquisition of SASP skew their myeloid differentiation into more aggressive monocyte populations.
Methods
CD34+ cells were purified from cord blood of healthy donors and expanded in normal-glucose (NG; with 30 mM mannitol for osmotic control) or high-glucose (HG; 30 mM) serum-free medium plus cytokines. The cell were counted after 10, 20 and 30 days. The expression of p27, p21 RELA/p65, IL6, TNFα genes and telomere length was assessed by qPCR and secreted cytokines by ELISA. Apoptosis, ROS and monocyte subpopulations were evaluated by flow cytometry after Annexin V, CellRox and CD14/CD16 staining respectively.
Results
CD34+ HSCs cultured in HG (HG-CD34+) displayed a significant proliferation impairment when compared to their osmotic control (NG-CD34+). This loss of glucose tolerance was associated with a significant increase in mitochondrial ROS production (n=6; p≤0.01) without induction of apoptosis as showed by flow cytometry analysis for Annexin V. Moreover, qPCR assay revealed a significant telomere shortening (n=4; p≤0.05) and up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p27 and p21 in HG-CD34+cells (n=13; p≤0.05) along with an enhanced expression and secretion of TNFα (n=9; p≤0.05) and IL6 (n=10; p≤0.05) in HG-CD34+ when compared with NG-CD34+. SASP phenotype in HG-CD34+ was associated to a significant up-regulation of RELA/p65 gene in HG-CD34+ when compared with NG-CD34+ (n=8; p≤0.05). Furthermore, we found that in vitro HG-CD34+ differentiation into myeloid lineage generated higher levels of pro-inflammatory intermediate (n=3; p≤0.05) and non-classical (n=3; p≤0.01) monocyte subsets when compared with the normoglycemic counterpart.
Conclusion(s)
These data suggest that HG exposure primes HSCs myeloid differentiation towards inflammatory and senescent monocyte subpopulations.
Acknowledgement/Funding
This work was supported by Ricerca Finalizzata, Ministero della Salute [PE-2011-02348537]
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Vinci
- Cardiology Center Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - V Vigorelli
- Cardiology Center Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - A Raucci
- Cardiology Center Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Cardiology Center Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - G Pompilio
- Cardiology Center Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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18
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Restaldi F, Alesi V, Aquilani A, Genovese S, Russo S, Coletti V, Pompili D, Falasca R, Dallapiccola B, Capolino R, Luciani M, Novelli A. A familial chromosomal complex rearrangement confirms RUNX1T1 as a causative gene for intellectual disability and suggests that 1p22.1p21.3 duplication is likely benign. Mol Cytogenet 2019; 12:26. [PMID: 31223340 PMCID: PMC6570965 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-019-0440-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Complex chromosomal rearrangements are constitutive structural aberrations involving three or more breaks. They can be balanced or unbalanced and result in different outcomes, depending on deletion/duplication of genomic material, gene disruption, or position effects. Case presentation We report on a patient presenting with severe anemia, splenomegaly, mild intellectual disability and facial dysmorphisms harboring a 4.3 Mb duplication at 1p22.1p21.3 and a 2.1 Mb deletion at 8q21.3q22.1, involving RUNX1T1 gene. The healthy brother presented the same duplication of chromosome 1p as at 1p22.1p21.3. Conclusions The rearrangement found both these siblings resulted from malsegregation in the proband and recombination in her healthy brother of a balanced paternal complex chromosomal rearrangement. These results confirm RUNX1T1 as a causative gene for intellectual disability and suggest the 1p22.1p21.3 duplication is likely benign.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viola Alesi
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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19
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Alesi V, Loddo S, Calì F, Orlando V, Genovese S, Ferretti D, Calacci C, Calvieri G, Falasca R, Ulgheri L, Drago F, Dallapiccola B, Baban A, Novelli A. A heterozygous, intragenic deletion of CNOT2 recapitulates the phenotype of 12q15 deletion syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:1615-1621. [PMID: 31145527 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Only a few individuals with 12q15 deletion have been described, presenting with a disorder characterized by learning disability, developmental delay, nasal speech, and hypothyroidism. The smallest region of overlap for this syndrome was included in a genomic segment spanning CNOT2, KCNMB4, and PTPRB genes. We report on an additional patient harboring a 12q15 microdeletion encompassing only part of CNOT2 gene, presenting with a spectrum of clinical features overlapping the 12q15 deletion syndrome phenotype. We propose CNOT2 as the phenocritical gene for 12q15 deletion syndrome and its haploinsufficiency being associated with an autosomal dominant disorder, presenting with developmental delay, hypotonia, feeding problems, learning difficulties, nasal speech, skeletal anomalies, and facial dysmorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Alesi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Loddo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Calì
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Orlando
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Ferretti
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Calacci
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giusy Calvieri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Falasca
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Ulgheri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Genetics Service, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Drago
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anwar Baban
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Ponzi E, Alesi V, Lepri FR, Genovese S, Loddo S, Mucciolo M, Novelli A, Dionisi-Vici C, Maiorana A. Uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 1 results in glycogen storage disease type III with profound growth retardation. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e634. [PMID: 30916492 PMCID: PMC6503021 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glycogen storage disease type III (GSDIII) is caused by mutations of AGL gene with debranching enzyme deficiency. Patients with GSDIII manifest fasting hypoglycemia, hepatomegaly, hepatopathy, myopathy, and cardiomyopathy. We report on an 18‐year‐old boy with a profound growth retardation (<3 SD) besides typical clinical features of GSDIII, whereby endocrinological studies were negative. Methods and Results Molecular analysis of AGL gene revealed the homozygous reported variant c.3903_3904insA. Since discordant results from segregation studies showed the carrier status in one parent only, SNP array and short tandem repeats analyses were performed, revealing a paternal disomy of chromosome 1 (UPD1). Conclusion This study describes the first case of GSDIII resulting from UPD1. UPD can play an important role even in case of imprinted genes. DIRAS3 is a maternally imprinted tumor suppressor gene, located on chromosome 1p31, and implicated in growth and oncogenesis. It can be speculated that DIRAS3 overexpression might have a role in the severe short stature of our patient. The study emphasizes the importance of parental segregation analysis especially in patients with recessive conditions to look for specific genetic causes of disease and to estimate properly the risk of family recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Ponzi
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics Specialties, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Viola Alesi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca R Lepri
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Loddo
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Mafalda Mucciolo
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics Specialties, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Maiorana
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics Specialties, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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21
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Aronica S, Fontana I, Giacalone G, Lo Bosco G, Rizzo R, Mazzola S, Basilone G, Ferreri R, Genovese S, Barra M, Bonanno A. Identifying small pelagic Mediterranean fish schools from acoustic and environmental data using optimized artificial neural networks. ECOL INFORM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Loddo S, Alesi V, Genovese S, Orlando V, Calacci C, Restaldi F, Pompili D, Liambo MT, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B, Dentici ML, Novelli A. First Report of Low-Rate Mosaicism for 20q11.21q12 Deletion and Delineation of the Associated Disorder. Cytogenet Genome Res 2018; 156:87-94. [PMID: 30372694 DOI: 10.1159/000493935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial deletions of the long arm of chromosome 20 are very rare, with only 12 reported patients harboring the 20q11.2 microdeletion and presenting a disorder characterized by psychomotor and growth delay, dysmorphisms, and brachy-/clinodactyly. We describe the first case of mosaic 20q11.2 deletion in a 5-year-old girl affected by mild psychomotor delay, feeding difficulties, growth retardation, craniofacial dysmorphisms, and finger anomalies. SNP array analysis disclosed 20% of cells with a 20q11.21q12 deletion, encompassing the 20q11.2 minimal critical region and the 3 OMIM disease-causing genes GDF5, EPB41L1, and SAMHD1. We propose a pathogenic role of other genes mapping outside the small region of overlap, in particular GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone), whose haploinsufficiency could be responsible for the prenatal onset of growth retardation which is shared by half of these patients. Our patient highlights the utility of chromosomal microarray analysis to identify low-level mosaicism.
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Alesi V, Dentici ML, Loddo S, Genovese S, Orlando V, Calacci C, Pompili D, Dallapiccola B, Digilio MC, Novelli A. Confirmation of BRD4 haploinsufficiency role in Cornelia de Lange-like phenotype and delineation of a 19p13.12p13.11 gene contiguous syndrome. Ann Hum Genet 2018; 83:100-109. [PMID: 30302754 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a genetically and clinical heterogeneous condition characterized by congenital malformation, intellectual disability, and peculiar dysmorphic features. Recently, BRD4 (19p13.12) was proposed as a new critical gene associated with a mild CdLS because of a similar presentation of the patients carrying point mutations and of its involvement in the NIPBL pathway. Patients harboring a 19p interstitial deletion shared some physical features with BRD4 mutation carriers, which results in a more complex phenotype because of the involvement of several neighboring genes. We report a new 19p deletion in a patient clinically diagnosed as CdLS, partially overlapping with previously published cases with the aim to support the role of BRD4 haploinsufficiency in a CdL-like phenotype and to improve the delineation of 19p13.12p13.11 deletion as a new nonrecurrent gene contiguous syndrome, spanning GIPC1, NOTCH3, BRD4, AKAP8, AKAP8L, CASP14, and EPS15L1 genes. Previously described cases are reviewed, attempting to delineate a genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Alesi
- Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Loddo
- Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Orlando
- Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Calacci
- Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Pompili
- Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Novelli
- Medical Genetics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Reese-Petersen AL, Wiese S, Moeller S, Genovese S. P4759Myocardial fibrosis is reflected by two novel biomarkers of collagen formation in patients with cirrhosis: results from a prospective study with advanced cardiac MRI. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - S Wiese
- Hvidovre Hospital - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - S Moeller
- Hvidovre Hospital - Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - S Genovese
- Nordic Bioscience, Cardiovascular Fibrosis, Herlev, Denmark
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Simioni N, Berra C, Boemi M, Bossi AC, Candido R, Di Cianni G, Frontoni S, Genovese S, Ponzani P, Provenzano V, Russo GT, Sciangula L, Lapolla A, Bette C, Rossi MC. Predictors of treatment response to liraglutide in type 2 diabetes in a real-world setting. Acta Diabetol 2018; 55:557-568. [PMID: 29527621 PMCID: PMC5959971 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-018-1124-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There is an unmet need among healthcare providers to identify subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes who are most likely to respond to treatment. METHODS Data were taken from electronic medical records of participants of an observational, retrospective study in Italy. We used logistic regression models to assess the odds of achieving glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction ≥ 1.0% point after 12-month treatment with liraglutide (primary endpoint), according to various patient-related factors. RECursive Partitioning and AMalgamation (RECPAM) analysis was used to identify distinct homogeneous patient subgroups with different odds of achieving the primary endpoint. RESULTS Data from 1325 patients were included, of which 577 (43.5%) achieved HbA1c reduction ≥ 1.0% point (10.9 mmol/mol) after 12 months. Logistic regression showed that for each additional 1% HbA1c at baseline, the odds of reaching this endpoint were increased 3.5 times (95% CI: 2.90-4.32). By use of RECPAM analysis, five distinct responder subgroups were identified, with baseline HbA1c and diabetes duration as the two splitting variables. Patients in the most poorly controlled subgroup (RECPAM Class 1, mean baseline HbA1c > 9.1% [76 mmol/mol]) had a 28-fold higher odds of reaching the endpoint versus patients in the best-controlled group (mean baseline HbA1c ≤ 7.5% [58 mmol/mol]). Mean HbA1c reduction from baseline was as large as - 2.2% (24 mol/mol) in the former versus - 0.1% (1.1 mmol/mol) in the latter. Mean weight reduction ranged from 2.5 to 4.3 kg across RECPAM subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Glycaemic response to liraglutide is largely driven by baseline HbA1c levels and, to a lesser extent, by diabetes duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Simioni
- Presidio Ospedaliero di Cittadella, Cittadella, Padua, Italy
| | - C Berra
- Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | | | - A C Bossi
- ASST Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, BG, Italy
| | - R Candido
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - S Frontoni
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- IRCCS Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Milan, Italy
| | - P Ponzani
- Ospedale La Colletta, ASL3 Genovese, Arenzano, Italy
| | - V Provenzano
- Centro Regionale di Riferimento Diabetologia ed Impianto Microinfusori Sicilia, Partinico, Palermo, Italy
| | - G T Russo
- University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - L Sciangula
- IRCCS Multimedica - Ospedale di Castellanza, Varese, Italy
| | | | - C Bette
- Novo Nordisk Spa, Rome, Italy
| | - M C Rossi
- CORESEARCH - Center for Outcomes Research and Clinical Epidemiology, Via Tiziano Vecellio, 2, 65124, Pescara, Italy.
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Alesi V, Orlando V, Genovese S, Loddo S, Pisaneschi E, Pompili D, Surace C, Restaldi F, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B, Dentici ML, Novelli A. Interstitial 10q21.1q23.31 Duplication due to Meiotic Recombination of a Paternal Balanced Complex Rearrangement: Cytogenetic and Molecular Characterization. Cytogenet Genome Res 2017; 151:179-185. [PMID: 28478456 DOI: 10.1159/000475490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) are structural aberrations involving more than 2 chromosomal breakpoints. They are associated with different outcomes depending on the deletion/duplication of genomic material, gene disruption, or position effects. Balanced CCRs can also undergo missegregation during meiotic division, leading to unbalanced derivative chromosomes and, in some cases, to affected offspring. We report on a patient presenting with developmental and speech delay, growth retardation, microcephaly, hypospadias, and dysmorphic features, harboring an interstitial 10q21.1q23.31 duplication, due to recombination of a paternal CCR. Application of several cytogenetic and molecular techniques allowed determining the biological bases of the rearrangement, understanding the underlying chromosomal mechanism, and assessing the reproductive risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Alesi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Avogaro A, Giaccari A, Fioretto P, Genovese S, Purrello F, Giorgino F, Del Prato S. A consensus statement for the clinical use of the renal sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2017; 10:763-772. [PMID: 28431476 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2017.1322507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present review developed a clinical consensus based on a Delphi method on Dapagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of the renal sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2-I) in the treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Areas covered: Panel members, using a 5-point scale, were asked to rate 9 statements on pharmakodinamic, mode of action on glycaemic and extra-glycaemic effects, and safety of dapaglifozin, Members also aimed to identify the patient most susceptible to the treatment with dapagliflozin . Expert commentary: Dapagliflozin is effective in lowering the plasma glucose concentration with a good safety profile. Dapagliflozin can be utilized in combination with all other antihyperglycaemic agents at all stages of the disease: however, a reduced GFR limits its efficacy. As for the other drugs of the class, Dapagliflozin positively modifies other risk factors for CV disease: these effects will be tested in the so far largest cardiovascular outcome trial for the SGLT2 inhibitors so far, the DECLARE trial, which will communicate whether this class of drugs will be disease-modifier in patients with type 2 diabetes also in primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Avogaro
- a Department of Internal Medicine , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - A Giaccari
- b Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Section of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Policlinico Gemelli , Rome , Italy
| | - P Fioretto
- a Department of Internal Medicine , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - S Genovese
- c Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases , IRCCS Multimedica , Sesto San Giovanni , Milan , Italy
| | - F Purrello
- d Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, Section of Biology and Genetics Giovanni Sichel , Unit of Biomolecular, Genome and Complex Systems Biomedicine , Catania , Italy
| | - F Giorgino
- e Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation , University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy
| | - S Del Prato
- f Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
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Salvatori G, Foligno S, Sirleto P, Genovese S, Russo S, Coletti V, Dotta A, Luciani M. Sometimes it is better to wait: First Italian case of a newborn with transient abnormal myelopoiesis and a favorable prognosis. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:191-195. [PMID: 28123540 PMCID: PMC5244853 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital leukemia is rare disease with an incidence of one to five cases per million births. Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM), also called transient myeloproliferative disorder, is a pre-leukemia disorder that may occur in Down syndrome (DS) or non-DS infants. TAM may enter spontaneous remission; however, continual monitoring is required, as this disorder has been observed to develop into acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in 16–30% of cases. In the literature, 16 cases of TAM in non-DS infants have been reported. The case presented in the current study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of an Italian non-DS newborn presenting with clinical manifestations of acute leukemia at five days after birth, exhibiting a normal karyotype, trisomy 21 only in blast cells, and spontaneous remission. Chromosomal analyses on peripheral blood cells, bone marrow cells and dermal fibroblasts were conducted using a G-banding technique, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to identify the critical regions of DS. Amplification of GATA binding protein 1 (GATA1) exon 2 genomic DNA was performed using polymerase chain reaction. Cytogenetic analysis of 50 peripheral blood cells and dermal fibroblasts from the patient revealed a normal karyotype: 46, XX. Conversely, cytogenetic analysis of the patient's bone marrow revealed an abnormal karyotype 47, XX+21. In order to investigate this result, FISH was performed, which identified the presence of three signals in 70% of the cells and two signals in 30% of bone marrow cells. GATA1 sequencing revealed the substitution of a single base (c.150delG) in exon 2. Seven months after the initial analysis, FISH and cytogenetic analyses of the stimulated/unstimulated peripheral blood cells and bone marrow cells were performed, revealing that each exhibited diploid signals, as observed in a normal karyotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Salvatori
- Department of Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, I-00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Foligno
- Department of Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, I-00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Sirleto
- Department of Genetic Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, I-00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Department of Genetic Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, I-00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Russo
- Department of Genetic Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, I-00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Coletti
- Department of Hematology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, I-00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Dotta
- Department of Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, I-00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Luciani
- Department of Hematology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, I-00165 Rome, Italy
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Bonfigli AR, Boemi M, Festa R, Bonazzi P, Brandoni G, Spazzafumo L, Olivieri F, Ceriello A, Genovese S, Testa R. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:893-898. [PMID: 27480449 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Literature data suggest an association between Helicobacter pylori infection and glucose homeostasis. However, a causative link between them has not been demonstrated yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of H. pylori eradication on glucose homeostasis in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effect of H. pylori eradication on glucose homeostasis in 154 patients with type 2 diabetes and who tested positive for H. pylori infection (mean age (SD), 63.1 (8.1) years). Subjects were assigned to H. pylori eradication treatment or placebo. Metabolic and inflammatory parameters were measured in all subjects at baseline and 4 weeks after the treatment. H. pylori eradication led to an improvement in glucose homeostasis, measured by HOMA-IR (p < 0.001) and KITT (0 = 0.041), due to the decrease in fasting insulin levels (p = 0.004). The results also showed that lower levels of inflammatory parameters were present after eradication. CONCLUSION To our knowledge this is the first randomized, double blind, controlled study where the effect of H. pylori eradication on glucose homeostasis in subjects with type 2 diabetes has been investigated. Our findings demonstrate that H. pylori eradication improves glucose homeostasis in patients with type 2 diabetes through a decrease in pro-inflammatory factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12609000255280 (https://www.anzctr.org.au/).
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Bonfigli
- Scientific Direction, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy.
| | - M Boemi
- Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology Unit, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - R Festa
- Department of Primary Care, ASUR Marche, Italy
| | - P Bonazzi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Brandoni
- Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology Unit, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - L Spazzafumo
- Statistic and Biometry Centre, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - F Olivieri
- Centre of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Ceriello
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Genovese
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - R Testa
- Experimental Models in Clinical Pathology, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Ancona, Italy
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Prattichizzo F, Giuliani A, De Nigris V, Pujadas G, Ceka A, La Sala L, Genovese S, Testa R, Procopio AD, Olivieri F, Ceriello A. Extracellular microRNAs and endothelial hyperglycaemic memory: a therapeutic opportunity? Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:855-67. [PMID: 27161301 PMCID: PMC5094499 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cause of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Several large clinical trials have shown that the risk for patients with diabetes of developing CV complications is only partially reduced by early, intensive glycaemic control and lifestyle interventions, and that such complications result from changes in complex, not fully explored networks that contribute to the maintenance of endothelial function. The accumulation of senescent cells and the low-grade, systemic, inflammatory status that accompanies aging (inflammaging) are involved in the development of endothelial dysfunction. Such phenomena are modulated by epigenetic mechanisms, including microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs can modulate virtually all gene transcripts. They can be secreted by living cells and taken up in active form by recipient cells, providing a new communication tool between tissues and organs. MiRNA deregulation has been associated with the development and progression of a number of age-related diseases, including the enduring gene expression changes seen in patients with diabetes. We review recent evidence on miRNA changes in T2DM, focusing on the ability of diabetes-associated miRNAs to modulate endothelial function, inflammaging and cellular senescence. We also discuss the hypothesis that miRNA-containing extracellular vesicles (i.e. exosomes and microvesicles) could be harnessed to restore a 'physiological' signature capable of preventing or delaying the harmful systemic effects of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Prattichizzo
- Insititut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - V De Nigris
- Insititut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Pujadas
- Insititut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Ceka
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - L La Sala
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - R Testa
- Experimental Models in Clinical Pathology, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - A D Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - F Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Ceriello
- Insititut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica, Milan, Italy
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Sofia VM, Da Sacco L, Surace C, Tomaiuolo AC, Genovese S, Grotta S, Gnazzo M, Ciocca L, Petrocchi S, Alghisi F, Montemitro E, Martemucci L, Elce A, Lucidi V, Castaldo G, Angioni A. Extensive molecular analysis suggested the strong genetic heterogeneity of idiopathic chronic pancreatitis. Mol Med 2016; 22:300-309. [PMID: 27264265 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Genetic features of Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) have been extensively investigated mainly testing genes associated to the trypsinogen activation pathway. However, different molecular pathways involving other genes may be implicated in CP pathogenesis. Objectives: 80 patients with Idiopathic CP were investigated using Next Generation Sequencing approach with a panel of 70 genes related to six different pancreatic pathways: premature activation of trypsinogen; modifier genes of Cystic Fibrosis phenotype; pancreatic secretion and ion homeostasis; Calcium signalling and zymogen granules exocytosis; autophagy; autoimmune pancreatitis related genes. Results: We detected mutations in 34 out of 70 genes examined; 64/80 patients (80.0%) were positive for mutations in one or more genes, 16/80 patients (20.0%) had no mutations. Mutations in CFTR were detected in 32/80 patients (40.0%) and 22 of them exhibited at least one mutation in genes of other pancreatic pathways. Of the remaining 48 patients, 13/80 (16.3%) had mutations in genes involved in premature activation of trypsinogen and 19/80 (23.8%) had mutations only in genes of the other pathways: 38/64 patients positive for mutations showed variants in two or more genes (59.3%). Conclusions: Our data, although to be extended with functional analysis of novel mutations, suggest a high rate of genetic heterogeneity in chronic pancreatitis and that trans-heterozygosity may predispose to the idiopathic CP phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Letizia Da Sacco
- Multifactorial Diseases and Complex Phenotypes Research Area, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS
| | - Cecilia Surace
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS
| | | | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS
| | - Simona Grotta
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Present address: S. Pietro Fatebenefratelli Hospital, UOSD Medical Genetics
| | - Maria Gnazzo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS
| | - Laura Ciocca
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS
| | - Stefano Petrocchi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS
| | | | - Enza Montemitro
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS
| | | | - Ausilia Elce
- Ceinge-Biotecnologie avanzate, Naples, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Castaldo
- Ceinge-Biotecnologie avanzate, Naples, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare and Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriano Angioni
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale di San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy, 0668592536
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Rumolo P, Bonanno A, Barra M, Fanelli E, Calabrò M, Genovese S, Ferreri R, Mazzola S, Basilone G. Spatial variations in feeding habits and trophic levels of two small pelagic fish species in the central Mediterranean Sea. Mar Environ Res 2016; 115:65-77. [PMID: 26895386 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Trophic ecology of adults of European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) was examined and compared among various regions of central Mediterranean Sea. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses (δ(13)C and δ(15)N) were adopted as a tool to determine changes in feeding behaviour of adults of sardines and anchovies. In the study period (summer) a clear geographical pattern was recognized in the isotopic composition of both species, with an increasing trend northward. The highest variations in isotopic signal were linked to the geographical positions of the samples and, especially, between pairs of areas: South Sicily/South Campania and Gulf of Gaeta/South Elba. Higher isotope values were found in the anchovies and sardines caught in northern Tyrrhenian Sea, while lower values were mostly estimated in the southern region. Higher carbon and nitrogen isotopes may reflect a more coastal behaviour of both species, being (13)C-enriched source from benthic primary producers in addition to phytoplankton. Variations in the nitrogen isotope ratio may reflect not only differences in the trophic level of prey species, but also variations in the baseline level of food webs. Our results support the hypothesis that feeding behaviour of both species is directly or indirectly influenced by local factors, or by resource partitioning based on zooplankton size. Findings can supply knowledge needed for improving fish stock management and promoting plans able to take into account also local ecosystem analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rumolo
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Calata Porta di Massa, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - A Bonanno
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy.
| | - M Barra
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Calata Porta di Massa, 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - E Fanelli
- ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, Santa Teresa Pozzuolo di Lerici, 19100, La Spezia, Italy
| | - M Calabrò
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - R Ferreri
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - S Mazzola
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
| | - G Basilone
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS di Capo Granitola, Via del Mare, 3 Torretta Granitola, 91021, Campobello di Mazara, Italy
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Ceriello A, Testa R, Genovese S. Clinical implications of oxidative stress and potential role of natural antioxidants in diabetic vascular complications. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:285-292. [PMID: 27036849 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The possible link between hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress (OxS) and diabetic complications is suggested by many in vitro studies. However, not much attention has been paid to the clinical evidence supporting this hypothesis, as well as to their possible therapeutic implications. DATA SYNTHESIS Some prospective studies show a direct correlation between an increase in OxS biomarkers and the appearance of diabetes complications. This is consistent with the evidence that any acute increase of glycaemia, particularly post-prandial, and hypoglycaemia causes endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, through the generation of an OxS. However, the detection of free radicals is difficult as they are highly reactive molecules with a short half-life. Instead, the metabolites of OxS are measured. Interventional trials with supplemented antioxidants have failed to show any beneficial effects. Conversely, natural foods show very promising results. CONCLUSIONS The "new antioxidant" approach includes the possibility of controlling free radical production and increasing intracellular antioxidant defence, a concept different from the old one, when antioxidant activities implied scavenging the free radicals already produced. A synergistic action in this respect could convincingly be obtained with a balanced 'Mediterranean Diet' (MedD) type. Early intensive glucose control is still the best strategy to avoid OxS and its associated diabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ceriello
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomèdica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - R Testa
- Experimental Models in Clinical Pathology, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy.
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Gentile S, Guarino G, Strollo F, Romano M, Genovese S, Masarone M, Ceriello A. Lispro insulin in people with non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 113:179-86. [PMID: 26803356 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare metabolic control under lispro and recombinant regular human insulin (RHI) in people with diet-unresponsive type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and compensated non-alcoholic liver disease (CLD). METHODS 108 people with T2DM and CLD were randomly allocated to RHI or lispro according to a 12+12 week cross-over protocol. A 1-week continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) session was performed at the end of each treatment period followed by a standard meal test with a 12IU lispro or RHI shot ahead. RESULTS CGM showed higher glycemic excursions under RHI than under lispro (p<0.01) with lower glucose levels in the late post-absorption phase (p<0.05) and even more during the night (p<0.01). Post-challenge incremental areas under the curve (ΔAUC) were undistinguishable for insulin but lower for glucose, while insulin peaked higher and earlier and glycemic excursions were lower with lispro than with RHI (0.05<p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Lispro granted lower early postprandial glucose levels and late postprandial hypoglycemic rates and therefore might represent the treatment of choice for people with T2DM and compensated CLD. This might depend on its faster/shorter-living effects, as well as, on the lower liver glucose output expected from its earlier hepatic distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gentile
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2nd University of Naples, Italy
| | - G Guarino
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2nd University of Naples, Italy
| | - F Strollo
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, St. Peter's Hospital FBF, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Romano
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2nd University of Naples, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Cardiovascular Department, IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni (MI), Italy
| | - M Masarone
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2nd University of Naples, Italy
| | - A Ceriello
- Instititut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, (AC), Spain
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Grotta S, D'Elia G, Scavelli R, Genovese S, Surace C, Sirleto P, Cozza R, Romanzo A, De Ioris MA, Valente P, Tomaiuolo AC, Lepri FR, Franchin T, Ciocca L, Russo S, Locatelli F, Angioni A. Advantages of a next generation sequencing targeted approach for the molecular diagnosis of retinoblastoma. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:841. [PMID: 26530098 PMCID: PMC4632486 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common malignant childhood tumor of the eye and results from inactivation of both alleles of the RB1 gene. Nowadays RB genetic diagnosis requires classical chromosome investigations, Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification analysis (MLPA) and Sanger sequencing. Nevertheless, these techniques show some limitations. We report our experience on a cohort of RB patients using a combined approach of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and RB1 custom array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH). Methods A total of 65 patients with retinoblastoma were studied: 29 cases of bilateral RB and 36 cases of unilateral RB. All patients were previously tested with conventional cytogenetics and MLPA techniques. Fifty-three samples were then analysed using NGS. Eleven cases were analysed by RB1 custom aCGH. One last case was studied only by classic cytogenetics. Finally, it has been tested, in a lab sensitivity assay, the capability of NGS to detect artificial mosaicism series in previously recognized samples prepared at 3 different mosaicism frequencies: 10, 5, 1 %. Results Of the 29 cases of bilateral RB, 28 resulted positive (96.5 %) to the genetic investigation: 22 point mutations and 6 genomic rearrangements (four intragenic and two macrodeletion). A novel germline intragenic duplication, from exon18 to exon 23, was identified in a proband with bilateral RB. Of the 36 available cases of unilateral RB, 8 patients resulted positive (22 %) to the genetic investigation: 3 patients showed point mutations while 5 carried large deletion. Finally, we successfully validated, in a lab sensitivity assay, the capability of NGS to accurately measure level of artificial mosaicism down to 1 %. Conclusions NGS and RB1-custom aCGH have demonstrated to be an effective combined approach in order to optimize the overall diagnostic procedures of RB. Custom aCGH is able to accurately detect genomic rearrangements allowing the characterization of their extension. NGS is extremely accurate in detecting single nucleotide variants, relatively simple to perform, cost savings and efficient and has confirmed a high sensitivity and accuracy in identifying low levels of artificial mosaicisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Grotta
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy. .,Present address: S. Pietro Fatebenefratelli Hospital, UOSD Medical Genetics, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gemma D'Elia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Silvia Genovese
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Surace
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - Pietro Sirleto
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Cozza
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome, Italy.
| | - Antonino Romanzo
- Ophtalmology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Antonietta De Ioris
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Valente
- Ophtalmology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Cristina Tomaiuolo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Romana Lepri
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Franchin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Ciocca
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - Serena Russo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome, Italy. .,University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Adriano Angioni
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
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Pisaneschi E, Sirleto P, Lepri FR, Genovese S, Dentici ML, Petrocchi S, Angioni A, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B. CHARGE syndrome due to deletion of region upstream of CHD7 gene START codon. BMC Med Genet 2015; 16:78. [PMID: 26334530 PMCID: PMC4559162 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background CHARGE syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by ocular Coloboma, congenital Heart defects,
choanal Atresia, Retardation, Genital anomalies and Ear anomalies. Over 90 % of typical CHARGE patients are mutated in the CHD7 gene, 65 %–70 % of the cases for all typical and suspected cases combined. The gene encoding for a protein involved in chromatin organization. The mutational spectrum include nonsense, frameshift, splice site, and missense mutations. Large deletions and genomic rearrangements are rare. Case presentation We report here on a 5.9 years old male of Moroccan origin displaying classic clinical features of CHARGE syndrome. Using CGH array and NGS analysis we detected a microdeletion (184 kb) involving the promoter region and exon 1 of CHD7 gene and the flanking RAB2 gene. Conclusion The present observation suggests that deletion limited to the regulatory region of CHD7 is sufficient to cause the full blown CHARGE phenotype. Different size of deletions can result in different phenotypes, ranging from a milder to severe CHARGE syndrome; this is based on a combination of major and minor diagnostic characteristics, therefore to a more variable clinical features, likely due to the additive effect of other genetic imbalances. MLPA and CGH techniques should be considered in the diagnostic protocol of individuals with a clinical suspect of CHARGE syndrome
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pisaneschi
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. .,Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Viale di San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Pietro Sirleto
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Silvia Genovese
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Lisa Dentici
- Scientific Directorate, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Petrocchi
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Adriano Angioni
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- Scientific Directorate, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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Tomaiuolo AC, Sofia VM, Surace C, Majo F, Genovese S, Petrocchi S, Grotta S, Alghisi F, Lucidi V, Angioni A. Relationship between CFTR and CTRC variants and the clinical phenotype in late-onset cystic fibrosis disease with chronic pancreatitis. J Mol Diagn 2015; 17:171-8. [PMID: 25636364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common autosomal recessive disease in whites, is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). So far, >1900 mutations have been described, most of which are nonsense, missense, and frameshift, and can lead to severe phenotypes, reducing the level of function of the CFTR protein. Synonymous variations are usually considered silent without pathogenic effects. However, synonymous mutations exhibiting exon skipping as a consequence of aberrant splicing of pre-mRNA differ. Herein, we describe the effect of the aberrant splicing of the c.273G>C (G91G) synonymous variation found in a 9-year-old white (ΔF508) patient affected by CF and pancreatitis associated with a variant in chymotrypsin C (CTRC). Magnetic resonance imaging showed an atrophic pancreatic gland with substitution of the pancreatic parenchyma with three cysts. Genetic examination revealed compound heterozygosity for the c.1521_1523delCTT (ΔF508) pathogenic variant and the c.273G>C (G91G) variant in CFTR. Sweat test results confirmed the diagnosis of CF. We have thus identified a synonymous variation (G91G) causing the skipping of exon 3 in a CF patient carrying the ΔF508 mutation. However, the clinical phenotype with pancreatic symptoms encouraged us to investigate a panel of pancreas-related genes, which resulted in finding a known sequence variation inside CTRC. We further discuss the role of these variants and their possible interactions in determining the current phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Tomaiuolo
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina M Sofia
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Surace
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Majo
- Cystic Fibrosis Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Genovese
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Petrocchi
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Grotta
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Alghisi
- Cystic Fibrosis Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzina Lucidi
- Cystic Fibrosis Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Angioni
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Units, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
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Cellini L, Di Bartolomeo S, Di Campli E, Genovese S, Locatelli M, Di Giulio M. In vitro activity of Aloe vera inner gel against Helicobacter pylori strains. Lett Appl Microbiol 2014; 59:43-8. [PMID: 24597562 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) is a herbal remedy widely used for a variety of illnesses; A. vera leaf extracts have been promoted for detoxification, cure constipation, help flush out toxins and wastes from the body, promote digestion and are used in the treatment of peptic ulcer for cytoprotective action. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of A. vera inner gel against both susceptible and resistant Helicobacter pylori strains isolated in Abruzzo region, Italy. The inner gel of leaves of a 5-year-old plant of A. vera was extracted, homogenized and tested from 800 to 1.56 mg ml(-1) against 14 clinical strains and one reference strain of H. pylori using the broth microdilution methodology. Furthermore, the sample of A. vera was investigated for the chemical fingerprint of anthraquinones. The inhibitory concentrations of A. vera inner gel were similar to the bactericidal ones, with values ranging from 6.25 to 800 mg ml(-1) . Fifty per cent of the detected strains, independently of their susceptibility profile, were inhibited in their growth at 100 mg ml(-1) . Aloe vera inner gel expresses antibacterial properties against H. pylori and, therefore, in combination with antibiotics, could represent a novel strategy for the treatment of the infection of H. pylori, especially in cases of multiresistance. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The study demonstrates that the Aloe vera inner gel expresses antibacterial properties against both susceptible and resistant Helicobacter pylori strains. These findings may impact on the antimicrobial resistance phenomenon of H. pylori, proposing the A. vera inner gel as a novel effective natural agent for combination with antibiotics for the treatment of H. pylori gastric infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cellini
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Ceriello A, Novials A, Ortega E, Pujadas G, La Sala L, Testa R, Bonfigli AR, Genovese S. Hyperglycemia following recovery from hypoglycemia worsens endothelial damage and thrombosis activation in type 1 diabetes and in healthy controls. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:116-123. [PMID: 24094827 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hypoglycemia produces thrombosis activation, but little attention has been paid to the effects of hyperglycemia following recovery from hypoglycemia on thrombosis activation. METHODS AND RESULTS In both twenty-two healthy subjects and twenty-one matched persons with type 1 diabetes, recovery from a 2-h induced hypoglycemia was obtained by reaching normo-glycemia or hyperglycemia for another 2 h. After this, normal glycemia was maintained for the following 6 h. Hyperglycemia after hypoglycemia was also repeated with the concomitant infusion of vitamin C. In both controls and people with diabetes, the recovery with normo-glycemia was accompanied by a significant improvement of Von Willebrand factor (vWF), prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), thrombin-antithrombin III-complexes (TAT), P-selectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), nitrotyrosine and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) (p < 0.01 vs hypoglycemia for all the parameters), all directly affected by hypoglycemia itself (p < 0.01 vs baseline for all the parameters). On the contrary, the recovery with hyperglycemia after hypoglycemia worsens all these parameters (p < 0.01 vs normoglycemia for all the parameters), an effect persisting even after the additional 6 h of normo-glycemia. The effect of hyperglycemia following hypoglycemia was partially counterbalanced when vitamin C was infused (p < 0.01 vs hyperglycemia alone for all the parameters), suggesting that hyperglycemia following hypoglycemia may activate thrombosis through the oxidative stress production. CONCLUSION This study shows that, in type 1 diabetes as well as in controls, the way in which recovery from hypoglycemia takes place could play an important role in favoring the activation of thrombosis and oxidative stress, widely recognized cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ceriello
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain.
| | - A Novials
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - E Ortega
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - G Pujadas
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain; Metabolic and Nutrition Research Center on Diabetes, Italian National Research Center on Aging, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy; Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni (MI), Italy
| | - L La Sala
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Testa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Spain; Metabolic and Nutrition Research Center on Diabetes, Italian National Research Center on Aging, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy; Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni (MI), Italy
| | - A R Bonfigli
- Metabolic and Nutrition Research Center on Diabetes, Italian National Research Center on Aging, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni (MI), Italy
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Conforti A, Biagini S, Del Bufalo F, Sirleto P, Angioni A, Starc N, Li Pira G, Moretta F, Proia A, Contoli B, Genovese S, Ciardi C, Avanzini MA, Rosti V, Lo-Coco F, Locatelli F, Bernardo ME. Biological, functional and genetic characterization of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells from pediatric patients affected by acute lymphoblastic leukemia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76989. [PMID: 24244271 PMCID: PMC3820675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in hematopoietic microenvironment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients have been claimed to occur, but little is known about the components of marrow stroma in these patients. In this study, we characterized mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow (BM) of 45 pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-MSCs) at diagnosis (day+0) and during chemotherapy treatment (days: +15; +33; +78), the time points being chosen according to the schedule of BM aspirates required by the AIEOP-BFM ALL 2009 treatment protocol. Morphology, proliferative capacity, immunophenotype, differentiation potential, immunomodulatory properties and ability to support long-term hematopoiesis of ALL-MSCs were analysed and compared with those from 41 healthy donors (HD-MSCs). ALL-MSCs were also genetically characterized through array-CGH, conventional karyotyping and FISH analysis. Moreover, we compared ALL-MSCs generated at day+0 with those isolated during chemotherapy. Morphology, immunophenotype, differentiation potential and in vitro life-span did not differ between ALL-MSCs and HD-MSCs. ALL-MSCs showed significantly lower proliferative capacity (p<0.001) and ability to support in vitro hematopoiesis (p = 0.04) as compared with HD-MSCs, while they had similar capacity to inhibit in vitro mitogen-induced T-cell proliferation (p = N.S.). ALL-MSCs showed neither the typical translocations carried by the leukemic clone (when present), nor other genetic abnormalities acquired during ex vivo culture. Our findings indicate that ALL-MSCs display reduced ability to proliferate and to support long-term hematopoiesis in vitro. ALL-MSCs isolated at diagnosis do not differ from those obtained during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Conforti
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Monami M, Genovese S, Mannucci E. Cardiovascular safety of sulfonylureas: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013; 15:938-53. [PMID: 23594109 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cardiovascular safety of sulfonylurea has been questioned by some authors. This article aims at collecting all available data on this issue from randomized trials. METHODS A meta-analysis was performed including all trials with a duration of at least 6 months, comparing a sulfonylurea with a non-sulfonylurea agent in type 2 diabetes. Major cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality were retrieved and combined to calculate Mantel-Haenzel odds ratio (MH-OR). RESULTS Of the 115 selected trials, 62 reported information on MACE, and 30 reported at least one event. MH-OR for sulfonylurea was 1.08 [0.86-1.36], p = 0.52 (1.85 [1.20-2.87], p = 0.005, in the five trials vs. DPP4 inhibitors, no significant differences vs. other comparators). The MH-OR for myocardial infarction and stroke was 0.88 [0.75-1.04], p = 0.13 and 1.28 [1.03-1.60], p = 0.026, respectively. Mortality was significantly increased with sulfonylureas (MH-OR: 1.22 [1.01-1.49], p = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS In type 2 diabetes, the use of sulfonylureas is associated with increased mortality and a higher risk of stroke, whereas the overall incidence of MACE appears to be unaffected. Significant differences in cardiovascular risk could be present in direct comparisons with specific classes of glucose-lowering agents, such as DPP4 inhibitors, but this hypothesis needs to be confirmed in long-term cardiovascular outcomes trials. The results of this meta-analysis need to be interpreted with caution, mainly because of limitations in trial quality and under-reporting of information on cardiovascular events and mortality. However, the cardiovascular safety of sulfonylureas cannot be considered established unless it is evaluated in long-term cardiovascular outcomes trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monami
- Geriatric Cardiology, Careggi Teaching Hospital, Florence, Italy
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Genovese S, Passaro A, Brunetti P, Comaschi M, Cucinotta D, Egan CG, Chinea B, Bravi F, Di Pietro C. Pioglitazone Randomised Italian Study on Metabolic Syndrome (PRISMA): effect of pioglitazone with metformin on HDL-C levels in Type 2 diabetic patients. J Endocrinol Invest 2013; 36:606-16. [PMID: 23511244 DOI: 10.3275/8895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous evidence indicates that pioglitazone may improve dyslipidemia in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). AIM The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of either pioglitazone or placebo with metformin on levels of serum HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) in patients with T2DM. A secondary objective evaluated changes in metabolic syndrome (MS)-specific parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This multicenter, double-blind, randomized study was performed in patients with T2DM treated with metformin and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels between 6-8%, central obesity and reduced HDL-C. MS was evaluated from global changes in parameter values and expressed as a single factorial score following multivariate analysis of each parameter. 213 patients (110 in the pioglitazone group and 103 in the placebo group) were available for intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS Pioglitazone-treated patients showed a significant increase in HDL-C compared to placebo group (6.3 mg/dl vs 3.0 mg/dl; p<0.01) in addition to a greater reduction in the extent of MS (-13.2 vs -4.9; p=0.0055). Upon study completion, patients treated with pioglitazone had lower levels of HbA1c (6.41±0.65 vs 6.96±0.74%; p<0.001) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (2.88±1.95 vs 4.68±3.63; p=0.013) and a reduction of the atherogenic LDL subfraction (pattern B) (-5.7%). CONCLUSIONS The beneficial effects observed in pioglitazone-treated patients in the present study, (i.e. the increase in HDL-C and the reduction of insulin resistance and atherogenic LDL subfractions), support findings from the PROactive trial, where pioglitazone showed pleiotropic effects and reduced death, fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and non-fatal MI in T2DM patients with MS. Furthermore, medication used in this study showed good tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Genovese
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Unit, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Department, IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan. Italy.
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Gronda E, Genovese S, Cacciatore F, Padeletti L, Vitale DF, Infante T, Donatelli F, Napoli C. Renal function and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure treated with resynchronization therapy. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.p3157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Conforti A, Biagini S, Del Bufalo F, Sirleto P, Angioni A, Starc N, Pira GL, Moretta F, Proia A, Contoli B, Genovese S, Ciardi C, Lo-Coco F, Locatelli F, Bernardo M. Biological, functional and genetic characterization of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from pediatric patients affected by acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Exp Hematol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.05.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kosalec I, Kremer D, Locatelli M, Epifano F, Genovese S, Carlucci G, Randić M, Zovko Končić M. Anthraquinone profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of bark extracts of Rhamnus alaternus, R. fallax, R. intermedia and R. pumila. Food Chem 2012; 136:335-41. [PMID: 23122067 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The quantity of phenols, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, were investigated in bark of Rhamnus alaternus L., R. fallax Boiss., R. intermedia Steud. et Hochst., and R. pumila Turra from natural stands in Croatia. The most abundant anthraquinones in the investigated extracts were chrysophanol in R. alaternus (3.14 mg/g), emodin in R. pumila (0.339 mg/g), and physcion in R. fallax (2.70 mg/g) and R. intermedia (0.285 mg/g). The species exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity were R. fallax and R. pumila. A positive correlation was observed between total phenolic and flavonoid levels of the extracts and antioxidant activity in some of the assays. All species showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Microsporum gypseum with minimal inhibitory concentrations equal to or below 2.500 mg/mL. The results indicate that the investigated Rhamnus species are a source of anthraquinones and other phenols, which act as multifunctional antioxidants with antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kosalec
- University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Kremer D, Kosalec I, Locatelli M, Epifano F, Genovese S, Carlucci G, Zovko Končić M. Anthraquinone profiles, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Frangula rupestris (Scop.) Schur and Frangula alnus Mill. bark. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Corriero A, Zupa R, Bello G, Mylonas CC, Deflorio M, Genovese S, Basilone G, Buscaino G, Buffa G, Pousis C, De Metrio G, Santamaria N. Evidence that severe acute stress and starvation induce rapid atresia of ovarian vitellogenic follicles in Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.) (Osteichthyes: Scombridae). J Fish Dis 2011; 34:853-60. [PMID: 21988357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2011.01303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The effects of different stressors on the atretic degeneration of ovarian vitellogenic follicles, as well as on the ovarian mass, were examined in female Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.), from the Mediterranean Sea. The stressors taken into consideration were short-term starvation (up to 14 days), long-term cage rearing (1 year) and crowding-induced severe panic frenzy. Wild-caught individuals were used as a control group. Fish subjected to either severe panic frenzy or starvation exhibited a decrease in gonad mass and had significantly higher intensity of α atresia in the vitellogenic follicles (means: 78% and 58%, respectively; range: 36-100%) than either wild or long-term caged individuals (means: 32% and 30%, respectively; range: 19-44%). The extensive atresia in fish stressed by severe panic frenzy was observed as early as 24 h after the stressing event. The present study represents the first evidence of the extreme susceptibility of Atlantic bluefin tuna to severe acute stress during vitellogenesis; it also shows that starvation is associated with progressive reabsorption of vitellogenic oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Corriero
- Department of Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano (BA), Italy.
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Abstract
Licorice, the name given to the roots and stolons of Glycyrrhiza species, has been used since ancient times as a traditional herbal remedy. Licorice contains several classes of secondary metabolites with which numerous human health benefits have been associated. Recent research suggests that licorice and its bioactive ingredients such as glycyrrhizin, glabridin, licochalcone A, licoricidin, and licorisoflavan A possess potential beneficial effects in oral diseases. This paper reviews the effects of licorice and licorice constituents on both the oral microbial pathogens and the host immune response involved in common ora-dental diseases (dental caries, periodontitis, candidiasis, and recurrent aphthous ulcers). It also summarizes results of clinical trials that investigated the potential beneficial effects of licorice and its constituents for preventing/treating oro-dental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Messier
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Genovese S, Epifano F, Curini M, Menger D, Zembruski NCL, Weiss J. In vitro effects of natural prenyloxycinnamic acids on human cytochrome P450 isozyme activity and expression. Phytomedicine 2011; 18:586-591. [PMID: 21112752 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that natural prenyloxyphenylpropanoid derivatives have potent biological properties like anti-cancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Additionally they are extremely safe and associated with low toxicity, making them excellent candidates as chemopreventive agents. However, so far only little is known about possible interactions with isoforms of cytochrome P450 (CYPs) being involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and representing a major site for drug-drug interactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selected natural prenyloxyphenylpropanoids (prenyloxycinnamic acids) on expression and activity of some major CYPs and on the activity of the major drug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Inhibition of CYP3A4, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 was quantified using commercially available kits. P-gp inhibtion was quantified by calcein assay. Induction of CYP mRNA (CYP3A4, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, and CYP2B6) was measured in LS180 cells by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using the LightCycler technology. Only boropinic acid revealed substantial inhibition of CYPs, especially of CYP2C19 (IC₅₀ = 31±5μM). This compound also had the most pronounced effect on CYP mRNA expression among the prenyloxycinnamic acids tested. However all but 4'-isopentenyloxy-p-coumaric acid revealed inducing effects on CYPs with different induction profiles. P-gp was only significantly inhibited by 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid. This was the first study demonstrating modulating effects of prenyloxycinnamic acids on CYP activity and expression and on P-gp activity. The results suggest that boropinic acid is most prone to drug-drug interactions at the level of CYPs, whereas 4'-isopentenyloxy-p-coumaric acid does not modulate CYP activity and expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Genovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo, Italy
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Genovese S, Epifano F, Carlucci G, Marcotullio M, Curini M, Locatelli M. Quantification of 4′-geranyloxyferulic acid, a new natural colon cancer chemopreventive agent, by HPLC-DAD in grapefruit skin extract. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:212-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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