Historical and dispersal processes drive community assembly of multiple aquatic taxa in glacierized catchments in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau

Understanding the relative role of dispersal dynamics and niche constraints is not only a core task in community ecology, but also becomes an important prerequisite for bioassessment. Despite the recent progress in our knowledge of community assembly in space and time, patterns and processes underlying biotic communities in alpine glacierized catchments remain mostly ignored. To fill this knowledge gap, we combined the recently proposed dispersal-niche continuum index (DNCI) with traditional constrained ordinations and idealized patterns of species distributions to unravel community assembly mechanisms of different key groups of primary producers and consumers (i.e., phytoplankton, epiphytic algae, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, and fishes) in rivers in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the World's Third Pole. We tested whether organismal groups with contrasting body sizes differed in their assembly processes, and discussed their applicability in bioassessment in alpine zones. We found that community structure of alpine river biotas was always predominantly explained in terms of dispersal dynamics and historical biogeography. These patterns are most likely the result of differences in species-specific functional attributes, the stochastic colonization-extinction dynamics driven by multi-year glacier disturbances and the repeated hydrodynamic separation among alpine catchments after the rising of the Qilian mountains. Additionally, we found that the strength of dispersal dynamics and niche constraints was partially mediated by organismal body sizes, with dispersal processes being more influential for microscopic primary producers. Finding that zooplankton and macroinvertebrate communities followed clumped species replacement structures (i.e., Clementsian gradients) supports the notion that environmental filtering also contributes to the structure of high-altitude animal communities in glacierized catchments. In terms of the applied fields, we argue that freshwater bioassessment in glacierized catchments can benefit from incorporating the metacommunity perspective and applying novel approaches to (i) detect the optimal spatial scale for species sorting and (ii) identify and eliminate the species that are sensitive to dispersal-related processes.

The P10K database: a data portal for the protist 10 000 genomes project

Protists, a highly diverse group of microscopic eukaryotic organisms distinct from fungi, animals and plants, exert crucial roles within the earth's biosphere. However, the genomes of only a small fraction of known protist species have been published and made publicly accessible. To address this constraint, the Protist 10 000 Genomes Project (P10K) was initiated, implementing a specialized pipeline for single-cell genome/transcriptome assembly, decontamination and annotation of protists. The resultant P10K database (https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/p10k/) serves as a comprehensive platform, collating and disseminating genome sequences and annotations from diverse protist groups. Currently, the P10K database has incorporated 2959 genomes and transcriptomes, including 1101 newly sequenced datasets by P10K and 1858 publicly available datasets. Notably, it covers 45% of the protist orders, with a significant representation (53% coverage) of ciliates, featuring nearly a thousand genomes/transcriptomes. Intriguingly, analysis of the unique codon table usage among ciliates has revealed differences compared to the NCBI taxonomy system, suggesting a need to revise the codon tables used for these species. Collectively, the P10K database serves as a valuable repository of genetic resources for protist research and aims to expand its collection by incorporating more sequenced data and advanced analysis tools to benefit protist studies worldwide.

Database Resources of the National Genomics Data Center, China National Center for Bioinformation in 2024

The National Genomics Data Center (NGDC), which is a part of the China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB), provides a family of database resources to support the global academic and industrial communities. With the rapid accumulation of multi-omics data at an unprecedented pace, CNCB-NGDC continuously expands and updates core database resources through big data archiving, integrative analysis and value-added curation. Importantly, NGDC collaborates closely with major international databases and initiatives to ensure seamless data exchange and interoperability. Over the past year, significant efforts have been dedicated to integrating diverse omics data, synthesizing expanding knowledge, developing new resources, and upgrading major existing resources. Particularly, several database resources are newly developed for the biodiversity of protists (P10K), bacteria (NTM-DB, MPA) as well as plant (PPGR, SoyOmics, PlantPan) and disease/trait association (CROST, HervD Atlas, HALL, MACdb, BioKA, BioKA, RePoS, PGG.SV, NAFLDkb). All the resources and services are publicly accessible at https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn.

Microbial Community Colonization Process Unveiled through eDNA-PFU Technology in Mesocosm Ecosystems

Microbial communities are essential components of aquatic ecosystems and are widely employed for the detection, protection, and restoration of water ecosystems. The polyurethane foam unit (PFU) method, an effective and widely used environmental monitoring technique, has been improved with the eDNA-PFU method, offering efficiency, rapidity, and standardization advantages. This research aimed to explore the colonization process of microbial communities within PFUs using eDNA-PFU technology. To achieve this, we conducted ten-day monitoring and sequencing of microbial communities within PFUs in a stable and controlled artificial aquatic ecosystem, comparing them with water environmental samples (eDNA samples). Results showed 1065 genera in eDNA-PFU and 1059 in eDNA, with eDNA-PFU detecting 99.95% of eDNA-identified species. Additionally, the diversity indices of bacteria and eukaryotes in both methods showed similar trends over time in the colonization process; however, relative abundance differed. We further analyzed the colonization dynamics of microbes in eDNA-PFU and identified four clusters with varying colonization speeds. Notably, we found differences in colonization rates between bacteria and eukaryotes. Furthermore, the Molecular Ecological Networks (MEN) showed that the network in eDNA-PFU was more modular, forming a unique microbial community differentiated from the aquatic environment. In conclusion, this study, using eDNA-PFU, comprehensively explored microbial colonization and interrelationships in a controlled mesocosm system, providing foundational data and reference standards for its application in aquatic ecosystem monitoring and beyond.

Search for Λ[over ¯]-Λ Baryon-Number-Violating Oscillations in the Decay J/ψ→pK^{-}Λ[over ¯]+c.c

We report on the first search for Λ[over ¯]-Λ oscillations in the decay J/ψ→pK^{-}Λ[over ¯]+c.c. by analyzing 1.31×10^{9}  J/ψ events accumulated with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The J/ψ events are produced using e^{+}e^{-} collisions at a center of mass energy sqrt[s]=3.097  GeV. No evidence for hyperon oscillations is observed. The upper limit for the oscillation rate of Λ[over ¯] to Λ hyperons is determined to be P(Λ)=[B(J/ψ→pK^{-}Λ+c.c.)/B(J/ψ→pK^{-}Λ[over ¯]+c.c.)]<4.4×10^{-6} corresponding to an oscillation parameter δm_{ΛΛ[over ¯]} of less than 3.8×10^{-18}  GeV at the 90% confidence level.

iGDP: An integrated genome decontamination pipeline for wild ciliated microeukaryotes

Ciliates are a large group of ubiquitous and highly diverse single-celled eukaryotes that play an essential role in the functioning of microbial food webs. However, their genomic diversity is far from clear due to the need to develop cultivation methods for most species, so most research is based on wild organisms that almost invariably contain contaminants. Here we establish an integrated Genome Decontamination Pipeline (iGDP) that combines homology search, telomere reads-assisted and clustering approaches to filter contaminated ciliate genome assemblies from wild specimens. We benchmarked the performance of iGDP using genomic data from a contaminated ciliate culture and the results showed that iGDP could recall 91.9% of the target sequences with 96.9% precision. We also used a synthetic dataset to offer guidelines for the application of iGDP in the removal of various groups of contaminants. Compared with several popular metagenome binning tools, iGDP could show better performance. To further validate the effectiveness of iGDP on real-world data, we applied it to decontaminate genome assemblies of three wild ciliate specimens and obtained their genomes with high quality comparable to that of previously well-studied model ciliate genomes. It is anticipated that the newly generated genomes and the established iGDP method will be valuable community resources for detailed studies on ciliate biodiversity, phylogeny, ecology and evolution. The pipeline (https://github.com/GWang2022/iGDP) can be implemented automatically to reduce manual filtering and classification and may be further developed to apply to other microeukaryotes.

Large-scale phylogenetic analysis provides insights into the diversification and evolution of sessilid peritrich ciliates (Protista: Ciliophora)

The Peritrichia is a speciose and morphologically distinctive assemblage of ciliated protists that was first observed by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek over 340 years ago. In the last two decades, the phylogenetic relationships of this group have been increasingly debated as morphological and molecular analyses have generated contrasting conclusions, mainly owing to limited sampling. In the present study, we performed expanded phylogenetic analyses of 152 sessilid peritrichs collected from 14 different provinces of China and 141 SSU rDNA peritrich sequences from GenBank. The results of the analyses revealed new divergent relationships between and within major clades that challenge the morphological classification of this group including, (1) the recovery of four major phylogenetically divergent clades in the monophyletic order Sessilida, (2) aboral structures such as the stalk and spasmoneme were evolutionary labile, (3) the stalk or/and spasmoneme was lost in each divergent clade indicating that parallel evolution occurred in sessilid peritrichs and (4) the life cycle and habit drive the diversity of aboral structures as well as diversification and evolution in peritrichs.

Synergistic effect of HDAC inhibitor Chidamide with Cladribine on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by targeting HDAC2/c-Myc/RCC1 axis in acute myeloid leukemia

BACKGROUND

More effective targeted therapy and new combination regimens are needed for Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), owing to the unsatisfactory long-term prognosis of the disease. Here, we investigated the synergistic effect and the mechanism of a histone deacetylase inhibitor, Chidamide in combination with Cladribine, a purine nucleoside antimetabolite analog in the disease.

METHODS

Cell counting kit-8 assays and Chou-Talalay's combination index were used to examine the synergistic effect of Chidamide and Cladribine on AML cell lines (U937, THP-1, and MV4-11) and primary AML cells. PI and Annexin-V/PI assays were used to detect the cell cycle effect and apoptosis effect, respectively. Global transcriptome analysis, RT-qPCR, c-MYC Knockdown, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were employed to explore the molecule mechanisms.

RESULTS

The combination of Chidamide with Cladribine showed a significant increase in cell proliferation arrest, the G0/G1 phase arrest, and apoptosis compared to the single drug control in AML cell lines along with upregulated p21^Waf1/Cip1 expression and downregulated CDK2/Cyclin E2 complex, and elevated cleaved caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP. The combination significantly suppresses the c-MYC expression in AML cells, and c-MYC knockdown significantly increased the sensitivity of U937 cells to the combination compared to single drug control. Moreover, we observed HDAC2 interacts with c-Myc in AML cells, and we further identified that c-Myc binds to the promoter region of RCC1 that also could be suppressed by the combination through c-Myc-dependent. Consistently, a positive correlation of RCC1 with c-MYC was observed in the AML patient cohort. Also, RCC1 and HDAC2 high expression are associated with poor survival in AML patients. Finally, we also observed the combination significantly suppresses cell growth and induces the apoptosis of primary cells in AML patients with AML1-ETO fusion, c-KIT mutation, MLL-AF6 fusion, FLT3-ITD mutation, and in a CMML-BP patient with complex karyotype.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results demonstrated the synergistic effect of Chidamide with Cladribine on cell growth arrest, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in AML and primary cells with genetic defects by targeting HDAC2/c-Myc/RCC1 signaling in AML. Our data provide experimental evidence for the undergoing clinical trial (Clinical Trial ID: NCT05330364) of Chidamide plus Cladribine as a new potential regimen in AML.

Giant proteins in a giant cell: Molecular basis of ultrafast Ca2+-dependent cell contraction

The giant single-celled eukaryote, Spirostomum, exhibits one of the fastest movements in the biological world. This ultrafast contraction is dependent on Ca²⁺ rather than ATP and therefore differs to the actin-myosin system in muscle. We obtained the high-quality genome of Spirostomum minus from which we identified the key molecular components of its contractile apparatus, including two major Ca²⁺ binding proteins (Spasmin 1 and 2) and two giant proteins (GSBP1 and GSBP2), which act as the backbone and allow for the binding of hundreds of spasmins. The evidence suggests that the GSBP-spasmin protein complex is the functional unit of the mesh-like contractile fibrillar system, which, coupled with various other subcellular structures, provides the mechanism for repetitive ultrafast cell contraction and extension. These findings improve our understanding of the Ca²⁺-dependent ultrafast movement and provide a blueprint for future biomimicry, design, and construction of this kind of micromachine.

Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons fluoranthene on the soil aggregate stability and the possible underlying mechanism

Soil contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is an increasing problem in many countries, impacting the ecological environment's sustainable development. This study investigated the effects of fluoranthene (Fla) on soil aggregate stability. A possible mechanism for the interaction of Fla with soil aggregates was proposed by characterizing the aggregate structure. The results showed that Fla significantly improved the aggregate stability in the concentration range of 0-30.0 mg/kg. The content of macro-aggregates reached the maximum value at 10 mg/kg of Fla, which increased by 24.25% compared with the control group, while the content of large-aggregates decreased by 12.11%. Meanwhile, the mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) increased by 56.63% and 37.66%, respectively. However, the macro-aggregates zeta potential value and specific surface area (SSA) decreased by 12.68% and 13.61%, respectively. The cracks of macro-aggregates were also significantly reduced. In addition, Fla-based free radicals were detected on the macro-aggregates. The absorption peak of the C-O group significantly increased, indicating that Fla may be covalently bound to the aggregates by aromatic ether bonds, which is a possible mechanism for the interaction between Fla and aggregates. This study provides theoretical support for revealing the effects of PAHs on soil.

Comparison of the prevalence of opioid use among U.S. adults with cardiac conditions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Limited data are available on the prevalence of prescription opioid use among patients with cardiac conditions who were exposed to increased risks of cardiac events including myocardial failure and cardiac arrest. According to the U.S. National Health Interview Survey, we evaluated the prevalence of opioid use in patients with cardiac conditions who reported prescription opioid use in the past 12 months and 3 months in 2019 and 2020, respectively, and further estimated the prevalence of opioid use for acute pain or chronic pain. We also analyzed the stratified prevalence by demographical characteristics. Our results showed that there was no statistically significant change in the prevalence of opioid use in the past 12 months (26.5% in 2019 vs. 25.7% in 2020) or the past 3 months (66.6% in 2019 vs. 62.5% in 2020) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there was a significant decline in the prevalence of opioid use for acute pain, from 64.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 57.6% to 70.3%) in 2019 to 49.6% (95% CI 40.1% to 59.0%) in 2020 (P = 0.012), particularly in the subgroups of men, non-Hispanic white people, adults with education below high school, those with an income-to-poverty ratio ranging from 1.0 to 1.9, and those covered with health insurance. Our findings suggest that monitoring opioid use in the era of living with COVID-19 is important, which will help inform healthcare providers to develop care strategies to reduce health loss for vulnerable individuals.

[Analysis of 42 cases of childhood superior vena cava syndrome associated with mediastinal malignancy]

Objective: To summarize the clinical features, management and outcome of superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) associated with mediastinal malignancy in children. Methods: Clinical data of 42 children of SVSC associated with mediastinal malignancy in Shanghai Children's Medical Center from January 2015 to December 2021 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The clinical manifestations, pathological diagnosis, disease diagnosis process, and prognosis were summarized. Results: Among 42 children of SVCS associated with mediastinal malignancy, there were 31 males and 11 females. The age at diagnosis was 8.5 (1.9, 14.9) years. Cough and wheezing (33 cases, 79%), orthopnea (19 cases, 45%) and facial edema (18 cases, 43%) occurred most commonly. T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) was the most frequent pathological diagnosis (25 cases, 60%), followed by T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) (7 cases, 17%), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (4 cases, 10%) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2 cases, 5%), peripheral T-lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Ewing's sarcoma and germ cell tumor (1 case each). Pathological diagnosis was confirmed by bone marrow aspiration or thoracentesis in 14 cases, peripheral lymph node biopsy in 6 cases, and mediastinal biopsy in 22 cases. Twenty-seven cases (64%) had local anesthesia. Respiratory complications due to mediastinal mass developed in 3 of 15 cases who received general anesthesia. Of the 42 cases, 27 cases had sustained remission, 1 case survived with second-line therapy after recurrence, and 14 cases died (2 cases died of perioperative complications and 12 cases died of recurrence or progression of primary disease). The follow-up time was 36.7 (1.2, 76.1) months for 27 cases in continuous complete remission. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and events free survival (EFS) rates of 42 children were 59% (95%CI 44%-79%) and 58% (95%CI 44%-77%) respectively. Conclusions: SVCS associated with mediastinal malignancy in children is a life-threatening tumor emergency with high mortality. The most common primary disease is T-LBL. The most common clinical symptoms and signs are cough, wheezing, orthopnea and facial edema. Clinical management should be based on the premise of stable critical condition and confirm the pathological diagnosis through minimal invasive operation.

Exploration of fetal growth restriction induced by vitamin D deficiency in rats via Hippo-YAP signaling pathway

INTRODUCTION

Maternal vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), but the exact mechanism remains unclear. Here we explored the mechanism through which VDD induced IUGR.

METHODS

Female SD rats were fed a control normal diet (VD > 800 IU/Kg) or VDD diet (VD: 0 IU/Kg) for 8 weeks. Then, females were mated with 12-week-old male SD rats, and fetal and placental tissue were collected on the gestational day 13 (GD13) or 18 (GD18) to analyze the effects of VDD on pregnancy outcome and embryonic development. In vitro, the VDR gene of HTR-8/SVneo cells was knocked down to establish VDD model. Then, HTR-8/SVneo cells were treated with the MST1/2 inhibitor XMU-MP-1 or 0.1 μM/L calcitriol for 24 h (h). The mechanism of Hippo-YAP signaling pathway in VDD-induced placental dysplasia was further investigated by western blot, invasion assay, wound healing assay and Hoechst/PI staining.

RESULTS

The IUGR of the pregnant rats in the VDD group was significant, the placental structure and function were damaged, and there was an obvious inflammatory response, accompanied by a significant increase in the level of the transcription co-activator YAP phosphorylation. In vitro, VDD significantly inhibited the migratory and invasive abilities of HTR-8/SVneo cells, accompanied by decreased EMT capacity and increased apoptosis. When intervening with XMU-MP-1 in advance, we found that the effects of VDD were neutralized by Hippo-YAP signaling blocker.

DISCUSSION

Maternal VDD causes placental dysplasia and IUGR, and these abnormal changes may be associated with the activation of Hippo-YAP signaling pathway.

E3 ubiquitin ligase MAGI3 degrades c-Myc and acts as a predictor for chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer

Background

Recurrence and chemoresistance constitute the leading cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, it is of great significance to clarify the underlying mechanisms and identify predictors for tailoring adjuvant chemotherapy to improve the outcome of CRC.

Methods

By screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs), constructing random forest classification and ranking the importance of DEGs, we identified membrane associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing 3 (MAGI3) as an important gene in CRC recurrence. Immunohistochemical and western blot assays were employed to further detect MAGI3 expression in CRC tissues and cell lines. Cell counting kit-8, plate colony formation, flow cytometry, sub-cutaneous injection and azoxymethane plus dextran sulfate sodium induced mice CRC assays were employed to explore the effects of MAGI3 on proliferation, growth, cell cycle, apoptosis, xenograft formation and chemotherapy resistance of CRC. The underlying molecular mechanisms were further investigated through gene set enrichment analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination, GST fusion protein pull-down and immunohistochemical staining assays.

Results

Our results showed that dysregulated low level of MAGI3 was correlated with recurrence and poor prognosis of CRC. MAGI3 was identified as a novel substrate-binding subunit of SKP1-Cullin E3 ligase to recognize c-Myc, and process c-Myc ubiquitination and degradation. Expression of MAGI3 in CRC cells inhibited cell growth, promoted apoptosis and chemosensitivity to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy by suppressing activation of c-Myc in vitro and in vivo. In clinic, the stage II/III CRC patients with MAGI3-high had a significantly good recurrence-free survival (~ 80%, 5-year), and were not necessary for further adjuvant chemotherapy. The patients with MAGI3-medium had a robustly good response rate or recurrence-free survival with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy, and were recommended to undergo fluoropyrimidine-based adjuvant chemotherapy.

Conclusions

MAGI3 is a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase by degradation of c-Myc to regulate CRC development and may act as a potential predictor of adjuvant chemotherapy for CRC patients.

Graphical Abstract

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01622-9.

The effect of iron dextran on vitamin D3 metabolism in SD rats

BACKGROUND

Iron and vitamin D (VD) is essential to health. Previous studies have shown that iron homeostasis has a potential effect on VD metabolism, but the mechanism is not fully understood.

OBJECTIVES

To explore the relationship between VD metabolism and iron metabolism, as well as the regulatory mechanism of iron on VD metabolism.

METHODS

40 male rats were fed adaptively for 7 days and randomly divided into control (C, n = 6 normal diet) group and model (M, n = 24 iron deficient diet) by simple randomization, the latter was used to establish iron deficiency anemia (IDA) model. After 6 weeks of feeding, the M group was randomly divided into: iron deficiency group (DFe), low iron group (LFe), medium iron group (MFe) and high iron group (HFe) by block randomization. Different doses of iron dextran (based on iron content (100 g·bw·d)): 0, 1.1, 3.3 and 9.9 mg) were given respectively. After 4 weeks, the rats were anesthetized with 8% chloral hydrate, Blood (collected from the abdominal aorta), liver and kidney tissues were collected. The serum and tissues were separately packed and frozen at -80℃ for testing.

RESULTS

The results showed that the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), serum iron (SI), liver iron, and kidney iron in DFe group were lower than those in the other four groups, while the levels of total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin (TF) and transferrin receptor (Tfr) in DFe group were higher than those in other groups; The serum levels of 25-(OH)D₃ and 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ in DFe group were significantly lower than those in C group (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the levels of 25-(OH)D₃ and 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ were negatively correlated with TIBC, TF and Tfr no correlation with SI. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and q-PCR results showed that compared with C group, the protein and gene expressions of CYP2R1, CYP27A1, and CYP24A1 in DFe group were down-regulated, and the expression of CYP27B1 protein and gene was up-regulated in DFe group.

CONCLUSION

Iron may be involved in the metabolism of VD₃ by regulating the expression of VD₃ hydroxylase, suggesting that appropriate iron supplementation might promote the activation of VD₃.

Observation of J/ψ Electromagnetic Dalitz Decays to X(1835), X(2120), and X(2370)

Using a sample of about 10^{10}  J/ψ events collected at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s]=3.097  GeV with the BESIII detector, the electromagnetic Dalitz decays J/ψ→e^{+}e^{-}π^{+}π^{-}η^{'}, with η^{'}→γπ^{+}π^{-} and η^{'}→π^{+}π^{-}η, have been studied. The decay J/ψ→e^{+}e^{-}X(1835) is observed with a significance of 15σ, and also an e^{+}e^{-} invariant-mass dependent transition form factor of J/ψ→e^{+}e^{-}X(1835) is presented for the first time. The intermediate states X(2120) and X(2370) are also observed in the π^{+}π^{-}η^{'} invariant-mass spectrum with significances of 5.3σ and 7.3σ. The corresponding product branching fractions for J/ψ→e^{+}e^{-}X, X→π^{+}π^{-}η^{'} [X=X(1835), X(2120), and X(2370)] are reported.

Probing CP symmetry and weak phases with entangled double-strange baryons

Though immensely successful, the standard model of particle physics does not offer any explanation as to why our Universe contains so much more matter than antimatter. A key to a dynamically generated matter-antimatter asymmetry is the existence of processes that violate the combined charge conjugation and parity (CP) symmetry1. As such, precision tests of CP symmetry may be used to search for physics beyond the standard model. However, hadrons decay through an interplay of strong and weak processes, quantified in terms of relative phases between the amplitudes. Although previous experiments constructed CP observables that depend on both strong and weak phases, we present an approach where sequential two-body decays of entangled multi-strange baryon-antibaryon pairs provide a separation between these phases. Our method, exploiting spin entanglement between the double-strange Ξ- baryon and its antiparticle2 [Formula: see text], has enabled a direct determination of the weak-phase difference, (ξP - ξS) = (1.2 ± 3.4 ± 0.8) × 10-2 rad. Furthermore, three independent CP observables can be constructed from our measured parameters. The precision in the estimated parameters for a given data sample size is several orders of magnitude greater than achieved with previous methods3. Finally, we provide an independent measurement of the recently debated Λ decay parameter αΛ (refs. 4,5). The [Formula: see text] asymmetry is in agreement with and compatible in precision to the most precise previous measurement4.

First Measurement of Polarizations in the Decay D^{0}→ωφ

Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93  fb^{-1} collected at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s]=3.773  GeV by the BESIII detector, the decay D^{0}→ωϕ is observed for the first time. The branching fraction is measured to be (6.48±0.96±0.40)×10^{-4} with a significance of 6.3σ, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. An angular analysis reveals that the ϕ and ω mesons from the D^{0}→ωϕ decay are transversely polarized. The 95% confidence level upper limit on longitudinal polarization fraction is set to be less than 0.24, which is inconsistent with current theoretical expectations and challenges our understanding of the underlying dynamics in charm meson decays.

Novel Dielectric Barrier Discharge Trap for Arsenic Introduced by Electrothermal Vaporization: Possible Mechanism and Its Application

In this work, a novel integrated dielectric barrier discharge (IDBD) reactor coupled to an electrothermal vaporizer (ETV) was established for arsenic determination. It is for the first time gas-phase enrichment (GPE) was fulfilled based on the hyphenation of ETV and DBD. The mechanisms of evolution of arsenic atomic and molecular species during vaporization, transportation, trapping, and release processes were investigated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and other approaches. Tentative mechanisms were deduced as follows: the newly designed DBD atomizer (DBDA) tube upstream to the air inlet fulfills the atomization of arsenic nanoparticles in vaporized aerosol, leading to free arsenic atoms that are indispensable for forming arsenic oxides; the DBD trap (DBDT) tube traps arsenic oxides under an O₂-domininating atmosphere and then releases arsenic atoms under H₂-dominating atmospheres. In essence, this process is a physical-chemical process rather than an electrostatic particle deposition. Such a trap and release sequence separates matrix interference and enhances analytical sensitivity. Under the optimized conditions, the method detection limit (LOD) was 0.04 mg/kg and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were within 6% for As standard solution and real seafood samples, indicating adequate analytical sensitivity and precision. The mean spiked recoveries for laver, kelp, and Undaria pinnatifida samples were 95-110%, and the results of the certified reference materials (CRMs) were consistent with certified values. This ETV-DBD preconcentration scheme is easy and green and has low cost for As analysis in seafood samples. DBD was proved a novel ETV transportation enhancement and preconcentration technique for arsenic, revealing its potential in rapid arsenic analysis based on direct solid sampling ETV instrumentation.

Measurement of the Absolute Branching Fraction of D_{s}^{+}→τ^{+}ν_{τ} via τ^{+}→e^{+}ν_{e}ν[over ¯]_{τ}

Using a dataset of 6.32  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4178 and 4226 MeV, we have measured the absolute branching fraction of the leptonic decay D_{s}^{+}→τ^{+}ν_{τ} via τ^{+}→e^{+}ν_{e}ν[over ¯]_{τ}, and find B_{D_{s}^{+}→τ^{+}ν_{τ}}=(5.27±0.10±0.12)×10^{-2}, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The precision is improved by a factor of 2 compared to the previous best measurement. Combining with f_{D_{s}^{+}} from lattice quantum chromodynamics calculations or the |V_{cs}| from the CKMfitter group, we extract |V_{cs}|=0.978±0.009±0.012 and f_{D_{s}^{+}}=(251.1±2.4±3.0)  MeV, respectively. Combining our result with the world averages of B_{D_{s}^{+}→τ^{+}ν_{τ}} and B_{D_{s}^{+}→μ^{+}ν_{μ}}, we obtain the ratio of the branching fractions B_{D_{s}^{+}→τ^{+}ν_{τ}}/B_{D_{s}^{+}→μ^{+}ν_{μ}}=9.72±0.37, which is consistent with the standard model prediction of lepton flavor universality.

Observation of D^{0}→K_{1}(1270)^{-}e^{+}ν_{e}

Using 2.93  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} collision data taken with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, the observation of the D^{0}→K_{1}(1270)^{-}e^{+}ν_{e} semileptonic decay is presented. The statistical significance of the decay D^{0}→K_{1}(1270)^{-}e^{+}ν_{e} is greater than 10σ. The branching fraction of D^{0}→K_{1}(1270)^{-}e^{+}ν_{e} is measured to be (1.09±0.13_{-0.16}^{+0.09}±0.12)×10^{-3}. Here, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third originates from the assumed branching fraction of K_{1}(1270)^{-}→K^{-}π^{+}π^{-}. The fraction of longitudinal polarization in D^{0}→K_{1}(1270)^{-}e^{+}ν_{e} is determined for the first time to be 0.50±0.19_{stat}±0.08_{syst}.

Reduced MAGI3 level by HPV18E6 contributes to Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation and cervical cancer progression

Human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) has high carcinogenic power in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) development. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The carcinogenic properties of HPV18 require the PDZ‐binding motif of its E6 oncoprotein (HPV18 E6) to degrade its target PSD95/Dlg/ZO‐1 (PDZ) proteins. In this study, we demonstrated that the PDZ protein membrane‐associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing 3 (MAGI3) inhibited the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, and subsequently cervical cancer (CC) cell migration and invasion, via decreasing β‐catenin levels. By reducing MAGI3 protein levels, HPV18 E6 promoted CC cell migration and invasion through activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Furthermore, HPV18 rather than HPV16 was preferentially associated with the downregulation of MAGI3 and activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in CC. These findings shed light on the mechanism that gives HPV18 its high carcinogenic potential in CC progression.

Influence of tillage practices on phosphorus forms in aggregates of Mollisols from northeast China

BACKGROUND

Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral nutrient for crop growth and development. Much remains unknown regarding the content and distribution of P forms in different soil aggregates as affected by tillage practices. A 3-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of no-tillage (NT), rotary tillage (RT), subsoiling (SS), and deep tillage (DT) on soil aggregate distribution pattern, aggregate-associated P content, and to understand the conversion trend.

RESULTS

Tillage has the potential to accelerate the processes in transforming macro-aggregates (> 0.25 mm) into micro-aggregates (< 0.25 mm). Greatest aggregate stability was attained under RT. Total phosphorus (TP) and available phosphorus (AP) under NT were increased by 21.1-82.0% in contrast to other tillage treatments. The NT had high content in inorganic phosphorus (IP), aluminum phosphorus (Al-P), and iron phosphorus (Fe-P) with 416.7, 107.9, and 99.1 mg·kg^-1 on average, respectively. Aggregates with a size dimension of < 2 mm were more sensitive than other sizes of aggregates. IP was evenly distributed throughout all aggregates, ranging from 336.3 to 430.6 mg kg^-1 . No differences in organic phosphorus (OP) were found in all tillage treatments, while NT promoted the transformation of labile OP to IP. The AP and OP were generally more abundant in aggregates of 2 to 0.25 mm and < 0.25 mm.

CONCLUSION

Short-term NT can improve soil structure and increase P reserves, thus, enhancing the conversion of P from being scarce to available. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Direct Measurement of the Branching Fractions B(ψ(3686)→J/ψX) and B(ψ(3770)→J/ψX), and Observation of the State R(3760) in e^{+}e^{-}→J/ψX

We report a measurement of the observed cross sections of e^{+}e^{-}→J/ψX based on 3.21  fb^{-1} of data accumulated at energies from 3.645 to 3.891 GeV with the BESIII detector operated at the BEPCII collider. In analysis of the cross sections, we measured the decay branching fractions of B(ψ(3686)→J/ψX)=(64.4±0.6±1.6)% and B(ψ(3770)→J/ψX)=(0.5±0.2±0.1)% for the first time. The energy-dependent line shape of these cross sections cannot be well described by two Breit-Wigner (BW) amplitudes of the expected decays ψ(3686)→J/ψX and ψ(3770)→J/ψX. Instead, it can be better described with one more BW amplitude of the decay R(3760)→J/ψX. Under this assumption, we extracted the R(3760) mass M_{R(3760)}=3766.2±3.8±0.4  MeV/c^{2} , total width Γ_{R(3760)}^{tot}=22.2±5.9±1.4  MeV, and product of leptonic width and decay branching fraction Γ_{R(3760)}^{ee}B[R(3760)→J/ψX]=(79.4±85.5±11.7)  eV. The significance of the R(3760) is 5.3σ. The first uncertainties of these measured quantities are from fits to the cross sections and second systematic.

A case of metastatic primary cardiac angiosarcoma

We report a 49-year-old Southeast Asian woman diagnosed with metastatic primary right atrial angiosarcoma (PCA) and the difficulties encountered in this diagnosis and its subsequent management. Diagnosis of PCA is often delayed due to non-specific clinical presentation of patients. These tumours often present once metastatic spread has occurred, restricting treatment options and leading to very poor prognosis. Patients undergo a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach involving chemotherapy, radiotherapy and, if eligible, surgery, but evidence-based treatment guidelines have yet to be established due to the rarity of the tumour.

Cryptic t(15;17) acute promyelocytic leukemia with a karyotype of add(11)(p15) and t(13,20)- A case report with a literature review

Most acute promyelocytic leukemias (APL) are characterized by reciprocal translocations t(15;17)(q22;21), which results in the fusion of the promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) gene at 15q22 with retinoic acid receptor a (RARα) gene at 17q21. However, several complex variant translocations also have been reported. Here, we report a 62-year-old man with typical morphology and clinical features of APL with a complex karyotype including add(11)(p15) and t(13;20)(q12;q11.2) without typical t(15;17) assayed by the G-banding analysis. The fluorescence in situ hybridization with a PML/RARα dual-color DNA probe showed an atypical fusion signal, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed PML/RARα fusion transcripts, and NGS detected FLT3, WT1, and KRAS mutations. The patient achieved complete remission after treatment with conventional chemotherapy combined with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO). Although the mechanism of this kind of cryptic variant remains unknown, we conclude that the cryptic PML/RARα fusion with add(11)(p15) and t(13;20)(q12;q11.2) seems not to alter the effectiveness of chemotherapy combined with ATRA and ATO.

Observation of a Near-Threshold Structure in the K^{+} Recoil-Mass Spectra in e^{+}e^{-}→K^{+}(D_{s}^{-}D^{*0}+D_{s}^{*-}D^{0})

We report a study of the processes of e^{+}e^{-}→K^{+}D_{s}^{-}D^{*0} and K^{+}D_{s}^{*-}D^{0} based on e^{+}e^{-} annihilation samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at BEPCII at five center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.628 to 4.698 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 3.7  fb^{-1}. An excess of events over the known contributions of the conventional charmed mesons is observed near the D_{s}^{-}D^{*0} and D_{s}^{*-}D^{0} mass thresholds in the K^{+} recoil-mass spectrum for events collected at sqrt[s]=4.681  GeV. The structure matches a mass-dependent-width Breit-Wigner line shape, whose pole mass and width are determined as (3982.5_{-2.6}^{+1.8}±2.1)  MeV/c^{2} and (12.8_{-4.4}^{+5.3}±3.0)  MeV, respectively. The first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The significance of the resonance hypothesis is estimated to be 5.3  σ over the contributions only from the conventional charmed mesons. This is the first candidate for a charged hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness, decaying into D_{s}^{-}D^{*0} and D_{s}^{*-}D^{0}. However, the properties of the excess need further exploration with more statistics.

Model-Independent Determination of the Spin of the Ω^{-} and Its Polarization Alignment in ψ(3686)→Ω^{-}Ω[over ¯]^{+}

We present an analysis of the process ψ(3686)→Ω^{-}Ω[over ¯]^{+} (Ω^{-}→K^{-}Λ, Ω[over ¯]^{+}→K^{+}Λ[over ¯], Λ→pπ^{-}, Λ[over ¯]→p[over ¯]π^{+}) based on a dataset of 448×10^{6}  ψ(3686) decays collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII electron-positron collider. The helicity amplitudes for the process ψ(3686)→Ω^{-}Ω[over ¯]^{+} and the decay parameters of the subsequent decay Ω^{-}→K^{-}Λ (Ω[over ¯]^{+}→K^{+}Λ[over ¯]) are measured for the first time by a fit to the angular distribution of the complete decay chain, and the spin of the Ω^{-} is determined to be 3/2 for the first time since its discovery more than 50 years ago.

A novel scoring system integrating molecular abnormalities with IPSS-R can improve the risk stratification in patients with MDS

Background

The treatment strategies for Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) are usually based on the risk stratification system. However, few risk signatures which integrate the revised international prognostic scoring system (IPSS-R) with gene mutations can be easily applied in the real world.

Methods

The training cohort of 63 MDS patients was conducted at Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University from January 2013 to April 2020. The validation cohort of 141 MDS patients was obtained from GSE129828. The mutation scoring system was based on the number of mutations and a unique favorable prognostic factor, which is SF3B1 mutation. Univariate Cox, multivariate Cox, and LASSO regression analyses were used to determine the significant factors that influenced the overall survival. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the efficiency of the prognostic model.

Results

A novel risk scoring system we named “mutation combined with revised international prognostic scoring system (MIPSS-R)” was developed based on the results derived from multivariate analysis which assigned points to the IPSS-R and the mutation scores according to their relative statistical weight. Based on the quintile of the new scores, patients were divided into five risk levels. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed the superiority of MIPSS-R in separating patients from different groups, comparing with IPSS-R both in the training cohort (p = 1.71e-08 vs. p = 1.363e-04) and validation cohort (p = 1.788e-04 vs. p = 2.757e-03). The area under the ROC of MIPSS-R was 0.79 in the training cohort and 0.62 in the validation cohort. The retrospective analysis of our house patients showed that the risk levels of 57.41% of patients would adjust according to MIPSS-R. After changing risk levels, 38.71% of patients would benefit from treatment strategies that MIPSS-R recommends.

Conclusion

A mutation scoring system was conducted based on the number of mutations and a unique favorable prognostic factor. MIPSS-R, the novel integral risk stratification system was developed by integrating IPSS-R and the mutation scores, which is more effective on prognosis and treatment guidance for MDS patients.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-07864-y.

Hydroclimate footprint of pan-Asian monsoon water isotope during the last deglaciation

Oxygen isotope speleothem records exhibit coherent variability over the pan-Asian summer monsoon (AM) region. The hydroclimatic representation of these oxygen isotope records for the AM, however, has remained poorly understood. Here, combining an isotope-enabled Earth system model in transient experiments with proxy records, we show that the widespread AM δ18Oc signal during the last deglaciation (20 to 11 thousand years ago) is accompanied by a continental-scale, coherent hydroclimate footprint, with spatially opposite signs in rainfall. This footprint is generated as a dynamically coherent response of the AM system primarily to meltwater forcing and secondarily to insolation forcing and is further reinforced by atmospheric teleconnection. Hence, widespread δ18Op depletion in the AM region is accompanied by a northward migration of the westerly jet and enhanced southwesterly monsoon wind, as well as increased rainfall from South Asia (India) to northern China but decreased rainfall in southeast China.

Targeting NAT10 Induces Apoptosis Associated With Enhancing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells

N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) has oncogenic properties in many tumors through its role in different cellular biological processes. NAT10 is also a potential biomarker in acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, the mechanisms underlying NAT10’s contribution to disease states and the effect of targeting NAT10 as a therapeutic target remain unclear. NAT10 was found to be highly expressed in patients with AML, and increased NAT10 expression was associated with poor outcomes. Additionally, targeting NAT10 via the shRNA knockdown and its pharmacotherapeutic inhibitor resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, and apoptosis in AML cells. Moreover, NAT10 induces cell cycle arrest by decreasing expression of CDK2, CDK4, CyclinD1, Cyclin E while simultaneously increasing the expression of p16 and p21. Targeting NAT10 induces ER stress through the increased expression of GRP78 and the cleavage of caspase 12, which are classical markers of ER stress. This triggered the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) pathway by consequently increasing IRE1, CHOP, and PERK expression, all of which play crucial roles in the UPR pathway. Targeting NAT10 also activated the classical apoptotic pathway through the upregulation of the Bax/bak and the concurrent downregulation of Bcl-2. In summary, our data indicate that targeting NAT10 promotes ER stress, triggers the UPR pathway, and activates the Bax/Bcl-2 axis in AML cells. Our results thus indicate a novel mechanism underlying the induction of NAT10 inhibition-mediated apoptosis and reveal the potential for the therapeutic effect of a NAT10 specific inhibitor in AML.

China's experience in COVID-19 prevention and control among children in its different regions

OBJECTIVE

To summarize the experience of three Chinese cities (Wuhan, Shanghai and Haikou) and provide a reference for global efforts to combat COVID-19 spread among children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Through collecting the measures and outcomes of preventing and controlling COVID-19 in China's three hospitals, we compared the effect of different strategies.

RESULTS

From January to March 2020, the number of suspected and confirmed COVID-19 cases in Wuhan increased exponentially, and Wuhan Children's Hospital as a whole was transformed into a designated quarantine and treatment facility, which is the "Wuhan Model". Shanghai has more children's hospitals with better capabilities to tackle public health emergency. Besides, it is far away from Wuhan and had a small caseload. Children's Hospital of Fudan University, a facility in Shanghai to treat pediatric infectious diseases, is famous for its well-equipped building for infectious disease treatment and professional medical team, and therefore no major transformation was required. That is the "Shanghai Model". Haikou is located on an island. Amid the outbreak, large numbers of tourists and travelers from Hubei had already arrived in Haikou. Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, as the only pediatric care hospital in Hainan Province, did not have a separate building for infectious disease treatment. After a citywide survey of the medical resources and facilities available, a temporarily idle hospital 3 kilometers away from Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center was requisitioned as the quarantine and treatment facility for pediatric cases. That is the "Hainan Model". The three models enabled the treatment of all suspected and confirmed cases and no fatality was reported.

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 coping strategies for children should be designed according to the existing conditions of the local children's hospitals and the risk levels of the epidemic.

Brain-specific monoallelic expression of bovine UBE3A is associated with genomic position

Genomic imprinting is a rare epigenetic process in mammalian cells that leads to monoallelic expression of a gene with a parent-specific pattern. The UBE3A (ubiquitin protein ligase E3A) gene is imprinted with maternal allelic expression in the brain but biallelically expressed in all other tissues in humans. The silencing of the paternal UBE3A allele is thought to be caused by the paternally expressed antisense RNA transcript of UBE3A-ATS. The aberrant imprinted expression of the UBE3A is associated with several neurodevelopmental syndromes and psychological disorders. Cattle are a valuable model species in determining the genetic etiology of sporadic human disorder, and maternal expression of UEB3A has been revealed by next-generation sequencing study in the bovine conceptus. In this study, we investigated the allelic expression of UBE3A and UBE3A-ATS in adult bovine somatic tissues. To confirm the splicing pattern of bovine UBE3A, five 5' alternative transcripts (MT210534-MT210538) were first obtained from bovine brain tissue by RT-PCR. Based on 10 SNP genotypes, we found that the brain-specific monoallelic expression of bovine UBE3A did not occur along the entire locus, and there was a shift from biallelic expression to monoallelic expression in exon 14 of the UBE3A gene. However, the brain-specific monoallelic expression of bovine UBE3A-ATS occurred in the entire gene. These observations demonstrated that the monoallelic expression did not occur along the bovine UBE3A entire locus and was associated with the genomic position.

Observation of the Doubly Cabibbo-Suppressed Decay D^{+}→K^{+}π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} and Evidence for D^{+}→K^{+}ω

Using 2.93  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, the first observation of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decay D^{+}→K^{+}π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} is reported. After removing decays that contain narrow intermediate resonances, including D^{+}→K^{+}η, D^{+}→K^{+}ω, and D^{+}→K^{+}ϕ, the branching fraction of the decay D^{+}→K^{+}π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} is measured to be (1.13±0.08_{stat}±0.03_{syst})×10^{-3}. The ratio of branching fractions of D^{+}→K^{+}π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} over D^{+}→K^{-}π^{+}π^{+}π^{0} is found to be (1.81±0.15)%, which corresponds to (6.28±0.52)tan^{4}θ_{C}, where θ_{C} is the Cabibbo mixing angle. This ratio is significantly larger than the corresponding ratios for other doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decays. The asymmetry of the branching fractions of charge-conjugated decays D^{±}→K^{±}π^{±}π^{∓}π^{0} is also determined, and no evidence for CP violation is found. In addition, the first evidence for the D^{+}→K^{+}ω decay, with a statistical significance of 3.3σ, is presented and the branching fraction is measured to be B(D^{+}→K^{+}ω)=(5.7_{-2.1}^{+2.5}_{stat}±0.2_{syst})×10^{-5}.

Mechanism and Treatment of Rituximab Resistance in Diffuse Large Bcell Lymphoma

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype B non-Hodgkin lymphoma in adults. After rituximab being introduced to treat DLBCL, the current first-line treatment is R-CHOP regimen. This regimen greatly improves patient's prognosis, however, relapsed or refractory cases are commonly seen, mainly due to the resistance to rituximab. Although a large number of experiments have been conducted to investigate rituximab resistance, the exac mechanisms and solutions are still unclear. This review mainly explores the possible mechanisms oft rituximab resistance and current new effective treatments for rituximab resistance in DLBCL.

Σ^{+} and Σ[over ¯]^{-} Polarization in the J/ψ and ψ(3686) Decays

From 1310.6×10^{6}  J/ψ and 448.1×10^{6}  ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII experiment, we report the first observation of Σ^{+} and Σ[over ¯]^{-} spin polarization in e^{+}e^{-}→J/ψ[ψ(3686)]→Σ^{+}Σ[over ¯]^{-} decays. The relative phases of the form factors ΔΦ have been measured to be (-15.5±0.7±0.5)° and (21.7±4.0±0.8)° with J/ψ and ψ(3686) data, respectively. The nonzero value of ΔΦ allows for a direct and simultaneous measurement of the decay asymmetry parameters of Σ^{+}→pπ^{0}(α_{0}=-0.998±0.037±0.009) and Σ[over ¯]^{-}→p[over ¯]π^{0}(α[over ¯]_{0}=0.990±0.037±0.011), the latter value being determined for the first time. The average decay asymmetry, (α_{0}-α[over ¯]_{0})/2, is calculated to be -0.994±0.004±0.002. The CP asymmetry A_{CP,Σ}=(α_{0}+α[over ¯]_{0})/(α_{0}-α[over ¯]_{0})=-0.004±0.037±0.010 is extracted for the first time, and is found to be consistent with CP conservation.