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Kamat A, McGrath M, Weyand A. Enoxaparin-induced DRESS syndrome in a pediatric patient. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30622. [PMID: 37580897 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Kamat
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medicine Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medicine Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Angela Weyand
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medicine Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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2
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McGrath M, Hyde J, Nosewicz J, Kaffenberger B, Trinidad J, Chung C. Concordance of diagnostic modalities in atypical skin and soft tissue infections in hospitalized patients. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:2139-2143. [PMID: 36369596 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02437-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) have high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide but lack reliable standards for diagnostic workup. As a result, atypical infections, more prevalent among immunocompromised patients, can be missed due to deviance from classic features only to be revealed later through inconsistently performed ancillary studies. Our objectives included to evaluate the sensitivities of clinical impression, histopathology, tissue culture, and molecular and non-molecular ancillary tests in diagnosing inpatient SSTIs, as well as to qualitatively discuss the unusual features making a subset of infections "atypical." To do so, we retrospectively reviewed the histopathologic reports and charts of inpatient dermatologic consults at a single tertiary care institution over a 3-year period. We identified a total of 111 cases of SSTIs evaluated by the inpatient dermatology consultation service with concurrent skin or soft tissue biopsy, with 32.4% representing atypical infections. Among these, clinical impression suggested infection in 9(25.0%), routine histopathology in 21(58.3%), specialized stains for microorganisms in 22(68.8%), and tissue culture in 15(68.2%). Due to incomplete picture that each modality by itself creates, we conclude that clinicians and pathologists should carry a low threshold for including SSTIs in their differential diagnoses and should evaluate with skin biopsy, special stains for microorganisms, and ancillary studies, particularly in critically ill individuals who necessitate timely diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McGrath
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Hyde
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Nosewicz
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B Kaffenberger
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Trinidad
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - C Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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3
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Nosewicz J, Hyde J, McGrath M, Kaffenberger BH, Trinidad JC, Chung CG. Infectious panniculitis: an inpatient cohort. Int J Dermatol 2022; 61:e483-e485. [PMID: 34813076 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Nosewicz
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jordan Hyde
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mary McGrath
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin H Kaffenberger
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John C Trinidad
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Catherine G Chung
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Chin J, McGrath M, Lokken E, Delgado C, Prager S, Micks E. P038Ketamine versus fentanyl for surgical abortions: A randomized noninferiority trial. Contraception 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Basset J, Marchal L, McGrath M, Hovnanian A. 841 EGFR signalling contributes to pachyonychia congenita pathogenesis and its inhibition improves patients’ quality of life. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Amiri HES, Brain D, Sharaf O, Withnell P, McGrath M, Alloghani M, Al Awadhi M, Al Dhafri S, Al Hamadi O, Al Matroushi H, Al Shamsi Z, Al Shehhi O, Chaffin M, Deighan J, Edwards C, Ferrington N, Harter B, Holsclaw G, Kelly M, Kubitschek D, Landin B, Lillis R, Packard M, Parker J, Pilinski E, Pramman B, Reed H, Ryan S, Sanders C, Smith M, Tomso C, Wrigley R, Al Mazmi H, Al Mheiri N, Al Shamsi M, Al Tunaiji E, Badri K, Christensen P, England S, Fillingim M, Forget F, Jain S, Jakosky BM, Jones A, Lootah F, Luhmann JG, Osterloo M, Wolff M, Yousuf M. The Emirates Mars Mission. Space Sci Rev 2022; 218:4. [PMID: 35194256 PMCID: PMC8830993 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-021-00868-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) was launched to Mars in the summer of 2020, and is the first interplanetary spacecraft mission undertaken by the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The mission has multiple programmatic and scientific objectives, including the return of scientifically useful information about Mars. Three science instruments on the mission's Hope Probe will make global remote sensing measurements of the Martian atmosphere from a large low-inclination orbit that will advance our understanding of atmospheric variability on daily and seasonal timescales, as well as vertical atmospheric transport and escape. The mission was conceived and developed rapidly starting in 2014, and had aggressive schedule and cost constraints that drove the design and implementation of a new spacecraft bus. A team of Emirati and American engineers worked across two continents to complete a fully functional and tested spacecraft and bring it to the launchpad in the middle of a global pandemic. EMM is being operated from the UAE and the United States (U.S.), and will make its data freely available.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. E. S. Amiri
- UAE Ministry of Industry and Advanced Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - D. Brain
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - O. Sharaf
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - P. Withnell
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - M. McGrath
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - M. Alloghani
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Al Awadhi
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - S. Al Dhafri
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - O. Al Hamadi
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - H. Al Matroushi
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Z. Al Shamsi
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - O. Al Shehhi
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Chaffin
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - J. Deighan
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - C. Edwards
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
- Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ USA
| | - N. Ferrington
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - B. Harter
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - G. Holsclaw
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - M. Kelly
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - D. Kubitschek
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - B. Landin
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - R. Lillis
- Space Sciences Lab, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - M. Packard
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | | | - E. Pilinski
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - B. Pramman
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - H. Reed
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - S. Ryan
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - C. Sanders
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - M. Smith
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - C. Tomso
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - R. Wrigley
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - H. Al Mazmi
- UAE Space Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - N. Al Mheiri
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Al Shamsi
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - E. Al Tunaiji
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - K. Badri
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - S. England
- Virgina Tech University, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - M. Fillingim
- Space Sciences Lab, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - F. Forget
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, Paris, France
| | - S. Jain
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - B. M. Jakosky
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - A. Jones
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - F. Lootah
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - J. G. Luhmann
- Space Sciences Lab, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - M. Osterloo
- Space Science International, Boulder, CO USA
| | - M. Wolff
- Space Science International, Boulder, CO USA
| | - M. Yousuf
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Weyand AC, Fitzgerald KD, McGrath M, Gupta V, Braun TM, Quint EH, Choi SW. Depression in Female Adolescents with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. J Pediatr 2022; 240:171-176. [PMID: 34517012 PMCID: PMC9055780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the degree to which heavy menstrual bleeding is associated with depression, independent of hormonal contraception. STUDY DESIGN We performed a retrospective cohort study of 1168 female adolescents 9-18 years old presenting to general pediatricians for heavy menstrual bleeding or well visits. Depression was the primary outcome and defined as a diagnosis in the health record. Univariable and multivariable regression models were fit to the data to identify factors associated with depression diagnosis. RESULTS In total, 581 adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding and 587 without heavy menstrual bleeding were included. Depression diagnoses occurred with greater frequency in youth with heavy menstrual bleeding compared with those without heavy menstrual bleeding (50.9% vs 24.2% P < .001; risk ratio 1.67, 95% CI 1.39-2.01) but did not significantly differ between those taking vs not taking hormonal contraception (risk ratio 0.99; 95% CI 0.84-1.17). Most patients with depression and heavy menstrual bleeding developed depression following or concurrent with heavy menstrual bleeding (261/296, 88%). Of these, 199 of 261 (76%) were treated with hormonal contraception, but the majority (168/199; 84%) were diagnosed with depression before initiation. CONCLUSIONS Heavy menstrual bleeding is associated with depression diagnosis in female adolescents. The use of hormonal contraception was not associated with depression diagnosis in multivariable analysis, covarying heavy menstrual bleeding, age, body mass index, anxiety, sexual activity, and substance use. As hormonal contraception is often used to treat heavy menstrual bleeding, heavy menstrual bleeding may be partially driving previous reports of increased depression risk in those taking hormonal contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Weyand
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
| | - Kate D Fitzgerald
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Vibhuti Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Thomas M Braun
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Elisabeth H Quint
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sung W Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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Lubin DJ, Tsetse C, Khorasani MS, Allahyari M, McGrath M. Clinical predictors of I-131 therapy failure in differentiated thyroid cancer by machine learning: A single-center experience. World J Nucl Med 2021; 20:253-259. [PMID: 34703393 PMCID: PMC8488882 DOI: 10.4103/wjnm.wjnm_104_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma is predominantly a slow-growing malignancy, amendable to treatment, and has an excellent prognosis following thyroidectomy and radioiodine (RAI) therapy. However, patients who fail the initial RAI treatment attempt may require repeated RAI or other treatments and with this, comes an associated impact on patient quality of life. Therefore, the anticipation of patients in whom there is a higher risk of RAI failure may help in patient risk stratification and subsequent management. We conducted a retrospective review to determine the factors associated with initial RAI therapy failure in well-differentiated thyroid cancer patients. Using scikit-learn from Python, we implemented a machine-learning algorithm to determine the clinical patient factors associated with a higher likelihood of treatment resistance. We found that clinical factors such as tumor focality (P = 0.026) and lymph node invasion at surgical resection (P = 0.0135) were significantly associated with initial treatment failure following RAI. Elevated serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and Tg antibody levels following surgery but before RAI were also associated with treatment resistance (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.011 respectively). Less expected factors such as decreased time from surgery to RAI were also associated with treatment failure, however not to a statistically significant degree (P > 0.064). Clinical outcomes following RAI can be stratified by identifying factors that are associated with initial treatment failure. These findings can help restratify patients for RAI treatment and change patient management in certain cases. Such stratification will ultimately help to optimize successful treatment outcomes and improve patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Lubin
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse,, University Hospital, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Caleb Tsetse
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad S Khorasani
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, College of Medicine, Upstate Medical University, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Massoud Allahyari
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse,, University Hospital, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, NY, USA
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Duncan F, Baskin C, McGrath M, Coker JF, Lee C, Dykxhoorn J, Adams EA, Gnani S, Lafortune L, Kirkbride JB, Kaner E, Jones O, Samuel G, Walters K, Osborn D, Oliver EJ. Community interventions for improving adult mental health: mapping local policy and practice in England. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1691. [PMID: 34530779 PMCID: PMC8444510 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public mental health (PMH) aims to improve wellbeing and prevent poor mental health at the population level. It is a global challenge and a UK priority area for action. Communities play an important role in the provision of PMH interventions. However, the evidence base concerning community-based PMH interventions is limited, meaning it is challenging to compare service provision to need. Without this, the efficient and equitable provision of services is hindered. Here, we sought to map the current range of community-based interventions for improving mental health and wellbeing currently provided in England to inform priority areas for policy and service intervention. METHOD We adopted an established mapping exercise methodology, comparing service provision with demographic and deprivation statistics. Five local authority areas of England were selected based on differing demographics, mental health needs and wider challenging circumstances (i.e. high deprivation). Community-based interventions were identified through: 1) desk-based research 2) established professional networks 3) chain-referral sampling of individuals involved in local mental health promotion and prevention and 4) peer researchers' insight. We included all community-based, non-clinical interventions aimed at adult residents operating between July 2019 and May 2020. RESULTS 407 interventions were identified across the five areas addressing 16 risk/protective factors for PMH. Interventions for social isolation and loneliness were most prevalent, most commonly through social activities and/or befriending services. The most common subpopulations targeted were older adults and people from minority ethnic backgrounds. Interventions focusing on broader structural and environmental determinants were uncommon. There was some evidence of service provision being tailored to local need, though this was inconsistent, meaning some at-risk groups such as men or LGBTQ+ people from minority ethnic backgrounds were missed. Interventions were not consistently evaluated. CONCLUSIONS There was evidence of partial responsiveness to national and local prioritising. Provision was geared mainly towards addressing social and individual determinants of PMH, suggesting more integration is needed to engage wider service providers and policy-makers in PMH strategy and delivery at the community level. The lack of comprehensive evaluation of services to improve PMH needs to be urgently addressed to determine the extent of their effectiveness in communities they serve.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Duncan
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, 42 Old Elvet, Durham, DH1 3HN, UK.
| | - C Baskin
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK
| | - M McGrath
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7BN, UK
| | - J F Coker
- Cambridge Public Health Interdisciplinary Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - C Lee
- Cambridge Public Health Interdisciplinary Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - J Dykxhoorn
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, Rowland Hill Stress, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - E A Adams
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Newcastle, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - S Gnani
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK
| | - L Lafortune
- Cambridge Public Health Interdisciplinary Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - J B Kirkbride
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7BN, UK
| | - E Kaner
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Newcastle, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - O Jones
- The McPin Foundation, 7-14 Great Dover Street, London, SE1 4YR, UK
| | - G Samuel
- The McPin Foundation, 7-14 Great Dover Street, London, SE1 4YR, UK
| | - K Walters
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, Rowland Hill Stress, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - D Osborn
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7BN, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW10PE, UK
| | - E J Oliver
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, 42 Old Elvet, Durham, DH1 3HN, UK
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Hyde J, McGrath M, Nosewicz J, Kaffenberger BH, Trinidad J, Chung C. Diagnostic modalities for skin and soft tissue infections in hospitalized patients: a single institution retrospective cohort study. Int J Dermatol 2021; 61:e228-e230. [PMID: 34143502 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Hyde
- Division of Dermatology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mary McGrath
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jacob Nosewicz
- Division of Dermatology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - John Trinidad
- Division of Dermatology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Catherine Chung
- Division of Dermatology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Thibodeau R, Jafroodifar A, Coelho M, Li HK, Gitto L, Zaccarini DJ, McGrath M. Relapsed Wilms' Tumor Presenting as Metastasis to the Zygoma. Radiol Case Rep 2021; 16:1965-1973. [PMID: 34158876 PMCID: PMC8203567 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms’ tumor accounts for the majority of renal tumors in children. Rarely, Wilms’ tumor may metastasize to the bone. We present a case of a 15-month-old female who presented with severe abdominal distension and signs of cachexia. Abdominal ultrasonography and radiography of the abdomen both demonstrated a large abdominal mass. Follow-up computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a heterogeneous intra-abdominal mass arising from the left kidney which was surrounded by a thin rim of renal parenchyma. Biopsy of the mass revealed findings consistent with Wilms’ tumor. The patient was 14 months status-post nephrectomy and chemoradiation but returned to the clinic with left facial swelling. Magnetic resonance imaging of the face demonstrated a multilobulated, heterogeneously enhancing solitary mass lesion in the left temple centered in the left zygoma with signs of bone breakdown. Despite its rarity, metastatic Wilms’ tumor to bone should be considered in a child presenting with a new focal mass overlying bony-structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Thibodeau
- Department of Radiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Abtin Jafroodifar
- Department of Radiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Marlon Coelho
- Department of Radiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Hsin Kwung Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Lorenzo Gitto
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | | | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Radiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
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12
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McGrath M, Smink G. Double and single mixed-lineage leukemia-rearranged subclones in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:228. [PMID: 33957966 PMCID: PMC8103755 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease with a significant amount of cytogenetic heterogeneity including mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangements. Pediatric AML commonly has genetic rearrangements which involve chromosome 11q23 in 15–20% of cases, and these genetic abnormalities have been associated with a poorer prognosis (Grimwade et al. in Blood 92:2322–2333, 1998; Raimondi et al. in Blood 94:3707–3716, 1999; Lie et al. in Br J Haematol 122: 217–225). MLL rearrangements in AML have been shown to have multiple different fusion partners (Meyer et al. in Leukemia 23:1490–1499). Heterogeneity of these cytogenetic abnormalities makes it difficult to determine how to approach patients from a treatment standpoint. This difficulty is further complicated when patients have more than a single MLL rearrangement. Case presentation A 10-year-old Caucasian girl presented with easy bruising and was found to have acute myeloid leukemia. Her cytogenetics showed two different MLL rearrangements, t(9;11)(p22;q23) and t(11;19)(q23;p13.3). At initial presentation she had no other cytogenetic findings. She responded well to initial therapy and achieved remission following the first induction cycle and completed four rounds of chemotherapy. She subsequently had a relapse of her AML, and her cytogenetics were consistent with a single MLL rearrangement, t(9;11)(p22;q23), in addition to monosomy 7. She was treated with reduction therapy and a haplo-identical bone marrow transplant but ultimately succumbed to her disease. Conclusion MLL rearrangements are common in AML, but clinical significance continues to be elusive, and there is conflicting data on the prognostic significance. In the setting of multiple MLL rearrangements, there is concern for reduced survival, although treatment modifications are not currently done in this setting. This report details a case with multiple MLL rearrangements that initially responded to therapy but ultimately had disease progression with a selection of a leukemic clone containing a single MLL rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary McGrath
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gayle Smink
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Children's Hospital, 500 University Drive, Mail Code H085, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Ge Z, Song C, Ding Y, Tan BH, Desai D, Sharma A, Gowda R, Yue F, Huang S, Spiegelman V, Payne JL, Reeves ME, Iyer S, Dhanyamraju PK, Imamura Y, Bogush D, Bamme Y, Yang Y, Soliman M, Kane S, Dovat E, Schramm J, Hu T, McGrath M, Chroneos ZC, Payne KJ, Gowda C, Dovat S. Dual targeting of MTOR as a novel therapeutic approach for high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2021; 35:1267-1278. [PMID: 33531656 PMCID: PMC8102195 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Children of Hispanic/Latino ancestry have increased incidence of high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (HR B-ALL) with poor prognosis. This leukemia is characterized by a single-copy deletion of the IKZF1 (IKAROS) tumor suppressor and increased activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This identifies mTOR as an attractive therapeutic target in HR B-ALL. Here, we report that IKAROS represses MTOR transcription and IKAROS' ability to repress MTOR in leukemia is impaired by oncogenic CK2 kinase. Treatment with the CK2 inhibitor, CX-4945, enhances IKAROS activity as a repressor of MTOR, resulting in reduced expression of MTOR in HR B-ALL. Thus, we designed a novel therapeutic approach that implements dual targeting of mTOR: direct inhibition of the mTOR protein (with rapamycin), in combination with IKAROS-mediated transcriptional repression of the MTOR gene (using the CK2 inhibitor, CX-4945). Combination treatment with rapamycin and CX-4945 shows synergistic therapeutic effects in vitro and in patient-derived xenografts from Hispanic/Latino children with HR B-ALL. These data suggest that such therapy has the potential to reduce the health disparity in HR B-ALL among Hispanic/Latino children. The dual targeting of oncogene transcription, combined with inhibition of the corresponding oncoprotein provides a paradigm for a novel precision medicine approach for treating hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ge
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yali Ding
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Bi-Hua Tan
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Arati Sharma
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Raghavendra Gowda
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Feng Yue
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Suming Huang
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | | | - Jonathon L Payne
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Loma Linda University College of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Mark E Reeves
- Loma Linda University College of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Soumya Iyer
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | | | - Yuka Imamura
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Daniel Bogush
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Yevgeniya Bamme
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Yiping Yang
- Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mario Soliman
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Shriya Kane
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Elanora Dovat
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Joseph Schramm
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Tommy Hu
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Mary McGrath
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Zissis C Chroneos
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Kimberly J Payne
- Loma Linda University College of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Chandrika Gowda
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Sinisa Dovat
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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14
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McGrath M, Quint EH, Weyand AC. Depression in adolescents and young adults with heavy menstrual bleeding in a referral clinic setting. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:E105-E108. [PMID: 33428781 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Elisabeth H. Quint
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Angela C. Weyand
- Department of Pediatrics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan
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15
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McGrath M, Davies K, Gallego A, Laszczak P, Tang J, Zahedi S, Moser D. Using a Sweating Residuum/socket Interface Simulator for the Evaluation of Sweat Management Liners in Lower Limb Prosthetics. Can Prosthet Orthot J 2021; 4:35213. [PMID: 37614936 PMCID: PMC10443463 DOI: 10.33137/cpoj.v4i1.35213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lab-based simulators can help to reduce variability in prosthetics research. However, they have not yet been used to investigate the effects of sweating at the residuum-liner interface. This work sought to create and validate a simulator to replicate the mechanics of residual limb perspiration. The developed apparatus was used to assess the effects of perspiration and different liner designs. METHODOLOGY By scanning a cast, an artificial residuum was manufactured using a 3D-printed, transtibial bone model encased in silicone, moulded with pores. The pores allowed water to emit from the residuum surface, simulating sweating. Dry and sweating cyclic tests were performed by applying compressive and tensile loading, while measuring the displacement of the residuum relative to the socket. Tests were conducted using standard and perforated liners. FINDINGS Although maximum displacement varied between test setups, its variance was low (coefficient of variation <1%) and consistent between dry tests. For unperforated liners, sweating increased the standard deviation of maximum displacement approximately threefold (0.04mm v 0.12mm, p<0.001). However, with the perforated liner, sweating had little effect on standard deviation compared to dry tests (0.04mm v 0.04mm, p=0.497). CONCLUSIONS The test apparatus was effective at simulating the effect of perspiration at the residual limb. Moisture at the skin-liner interface can lead to inconsistent mechanics. Perforated liners help to remove sweat from the skin-liner interface, thereby mitigating these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McGrath
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, UK
| | - K.C. Davies
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, UK
| | - A Gallego
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, UK
| | - P Laszczak
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, UK
| | - J Tang
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - S Zahedi
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, UK
| | - D Moser
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, UK
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16
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Dovat E, Song C, Hu T, Rahman MA, Dhanyamraju PK, Klink M, Bogush D, Soliman M, Kane S, McGrath M, Ding Y, Desai D, Sharma A, Gowda C. Transcriptional Regulation of PIK3CD and PIKFYVE in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by IKAROS and Protein Kinase CK2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020819. [PMID: 33467550 PMCID: PMC7830534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IKAROS, encoded by the IKZF1 gene, is a DNA-binding protein that functions as a tumor suppressor in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Recent studies have identified IKAROS’s novel function in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in T-ALL and uncovered many genes that are likely to be directly regulated by IKAROS. Here, we report the transcriptional regulation of two genes, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta (PIK3CD) and phosphoinositide kinase, FYVE-type zinc finger containing (PIKFYVE), by IKAROS in T-ALL. PIK3CD encodes the protein p110δ subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). The PI3K/AKT pathway is frequently dysregulated in cancers, including T-ALL. IKAROS binds to the promoter regions of PIK3CD and PIKFYVE and reduces their transcription in primary T-ALL. Functional analysis demonstrates that IKAROS functions as a transcriptional repressor of both PIK3CD and PIKFYVE. Protein kinase CK2 (CK2) is a pro-oncogenic kinase that is overexpressed in T-ALL. CK2 phosphorylates IKAROS, impairs IKAROS’s DNA-binding ability, and functions as a repressor of PIK3CD and PIKFYVE. CK2 inhibition results in increased IKAROS binding to the promoters of PIK3CD and PIKFYVE and the transcriptional repression of both these genes. Overall, the presented data demonstrate for the first time that in T-ALL, CK2 hyperactivity contributes to PI3K signaling pathway upregulation, at least in part, through impaired IKAROS transcriptional regulation of PIK3CD and PIKFYVE. Targeting CK2 restores IKAROS’s regulatory effects on the PI3K oncogenic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elanora Dovat
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
- Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tommy Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Mohammad Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Pavan Kumar Dhanyamraju
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Morgann Klink
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Daniel Bogush
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Mario Soliman
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Shriya Kane
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yali Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Arati Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Chandrika Gowda
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (E.D.); (C.S.); (T.H.); (M.A.R.); (P.K.D.); (M.K.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-91-717-531-6012
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Zi J, Han Q, Gu S, McGrath M, Kane S, Song C, Ge Z. Targeting NAT10 Induces Apoptosis Associated With Enhancing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:598107. [PMID: 33425753 PMCID: PMC7793641 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.598107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) has oncogenic properties in many tumors through its role in different cellular biological processes. NAT10 is also a potential biomarker in acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, the mechanisms underlying NAT10’s contribution to disease states and the effect of targeting NAT10 as a therapeutic target remain unclear. NAT10 was found to be highly expressed in patients with AML, and increased NAT10 expression was associated with poor outcomes. Additionally, targeting NAT10 via the shRNA knockdown and its pharmacotherapeutic inhibitor resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, and apoptosis in AML cells. Moreover, NAT10 induces cell cycle arrest by decreasing expression of CDK2, CDK4, CyclinD1, Cyclin E while simultaneously increasing the expression of p16 and p21. Targeting NAT10 induces ER stress through the increased expression of GRP78 and the cleavage of caspase 12, which are classical markers of ER stress. This triggered the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) pathway by consequently increasing IRE1, CHOP, and PERK expression, all of which play crucial roles in the UPR pathway. Targeting NAT10 also activated the classical apoptotic pathway through the upregulation of the Bax/bak and the concurrent downregulation of Bcl-2. In summary, our data indicate that targeting NAT10 promotes ER stress, triggers the UPR pathway, and activates the Bax/Bcl-2 axis in AML cells. Our results thus indicate a novel mechanism underlying the induction of NAT10 inhibition-mediated apoptosis and reveal the potential for the therapeutic effect of a NAT10 specific inhibitor in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zi
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyu Gu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University Medical College, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Shriya Kane
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University Medical College, Hershey, PA, United States.,Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University Medical College, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Zheng Ge
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Baskin C, Zijlstra G, McGrath M, Lee C, Duncan F, Oliver E, Osborn D, Dykxhoorn J, Kaner E, Gnani S. Community interventions improving mental health in minority ethnic adults in the UK: a scoping review. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups in the UK are disproportionately affected by poor mental health. This scoping review sought to determine the effectiveness of community interventions designed to improve the metal health and wellbeing of adults from BAME groups in the UK.
Methods
We searched six electronic academic databases for studies published between 1990- 2019. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist and the Template for Intervention description and replication (TIDieR) guide was used for data extraction and intervention descriptions. Quality was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias tools. Grey literature results were deemed beyond the scope of this review; numerous (>50) small scale community interventions were found without available outcomes data.
Results
Of 4,501 studies, seven met the inclusion criteria: four randomised control trials, one pre and post pilot study, one cross sectional study and one ethnographic study. Interventions included therapy-style sessions, peer-support groups, educational materials, gym access, and a family services programme. Common components included a focus on tackling social isolation, using lay health workers from within the community, signposting, and cultural adaptation. Only three studies reported a statistically significant positive outcome on mental health and six were appraised as having a high risk of bias. Knowledge gaps emerged around effective interventions for men, some BAME groups, and tackling the wider determinants of mental health.
Conclusions
There is a paucity of high-quality evidence on community interventions focussed on improving public mental health among BAME groups. Decision makers need scientific evidence to inform effective approaches to mitigating health disparities. Our next steps are to map promising community activities and interventions that are currently being provided to help identify emerging evidence.
Key messages
Evidence is limited and weak on community interventions that reduce mental health burden among minority ethnic people. Evaluation of promising interventions at scale can close the evidence gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Baskin
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - G Zijlstra
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M McGrath
- Division of Psychiatry, UCL, London, UK
| | - C Lee
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - F Duncan
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - E Oliver
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - D Osborn
- Division of Psychiatry, UCL, London, UK
| | - J Dykxhoorn
- Division of Psychiatry, UCL, London, UK
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - E Kaner
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - S Gnani
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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19
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Davies K, McGrath M, Savage Z, Stenson A, Moser D, Zahedi S. Using Perforated Liners to Combat the Detrimental Effects of Excessive Sweating in Lower Limb Prosthesis Users. Can Prosthet Orthot J 2020; 3:34610. [PMID: 37614406 PMCID: PMC10443502 DOI: 10.33137/cpoj.v3i2.34610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive sweating of the residual limb has a substantial effect on the daily activities of people with lower limb amputation. Prosthetic liners offer protection and comfort to sensitive areas but often exacerbate perspiration. They act as insulators, trapping sweat on the skin's surface to the detriment of skin health. Recently, liners with perforations have been developed, allowing the moisture to escape. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of such liners. METHODS A sample group of 13 patients with unilateral transtibial amputation, who wore a perforated liner (PL) as part of their current prescription, was compared to 20 control patients who wore non-perforated liners (NPL). During their routine appointments, they completed a survey of scientifically validated outcome measures relating to their limb health, pain and the impact on daily life over a 12-month period. RESULTS Patients using the PL had healthier residual limbs, reporting higher scores on questions relating to limb health, experiencing fewer skin issues (p<0.001) and estimating a 61.8% lower rating in perceived sweat (p=0.004). Perhaps consequentially, there was a lower incidence of residual (p=0.012) and phantom (p=0.001) limb pain when compared to the control group. The prevalence of individual issues affecting the residual limbs of PL users was also lower. Of the issues that remained, only 23% were attributed to sweating in PL users, compared to 49% for the NPL group (p=0.066). PL users missed fewer days of work in the year (2.4 vs 11.6, p=0.267) and were also limited on fewer days (1.4 vs 75.4, p=0.009). CONCLUSION The use of perforated liners shows much promise within prosthetic care, significantly improving the health of the residual limb. The observed effects on perceived sweat reduction, residual skin health, pain levels and patient limitation suggest that perforated liners are highly beneficial to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.C. Davies
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - M McGrath
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - Z Savage
- Sheffield Mobility & Specialised Rehabilitation Centre, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - A Stenson
- Sheffield Mobility & Specialised Rehabilitation Centre, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - D Moser
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - S Zahedi
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
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20
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McGrath M, Acarturk C, Roberts B, Ilkkursun Z, Sondorp E, Sijbrandij M, Cuijpers P, Ventevogel P, McKee M, Fuhr DC. Somatic distress among Syrian refugees in Istanbul, Turkey: A cross-sectional study. J Psychosom Res 2020; 132:109993. [PMID: 32172038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.109993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M McGrath
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
| | - C Acarturk
- Department of Psychology, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - B Roberts
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
| | - Z Ilkkursun
- Department of Psychology, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E Sondorp
- KIT Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M Sijbrandij
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - P Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - P Ventevogel
- Public Health Section, Division of Programme Management and Support, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - M McKee
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
| | - D C Fuhr
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
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21
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Wang J, Bin Q, Cheng B, Yan L, Xiong L, Tan BH, McGrath M, Smink GM, Song C, Tong Y. Two novel deleterious variants of Angiotensin-I-converting Enzyme gene identified in a family with recurrent anhydramnios. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1239. [PMID: 32329243 PMCID: PMC7284050 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anhydramnios results from the poor development of the placenta or problems with intrauterine development of the kidneys or urinary tract. Complete lack of amniotic fluid indicates a severe problem with the organs of the urinary system. The genes associated with anhydramnios show very diversity and are not yet well defined. Methods Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was used for an aborted male case around the 20th week of gestation diagnosed with anhydramnios. The resulted deleterious variants were verified by Sanger sequencing. Pathogenicity of deleterious variants was explored by in silico analysis. Results A maternally inherited deleterious frameshift variant, c.1454_1455insC, p.(S486Ffs29) in exon 9 and two paternally inherited missense variants c.1037C > G, p.(Ser346Trp) in exon 7 and c.1465A > G, p.(Asn489Asp) in exon 9 of Angiotensin‐I‐Converting Enzyme (ACE) gene were found and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. c.1454_1455insC, p.(S486Ffs29) and c.1037C > G, p.(Ser346Trp) were identified as two novel compound heterozygous deleterious variants. The pathogenicity of these deleterious variants was determined by in silico analysis and both the deleterious variants disrupt the structure of the ACE protein. Conclusion Two novel compound heterozygous variants were identified in the case with anhydramnios, which may be associated with pathogenicity of anhydramnios. Our data also revealed that the WES approach may provide helpful information for genetic counseling of the families with anhydramnios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Bin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Biheng Cheng
- Department of obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Xiong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi-Hua Tan
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Mary McGrath
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gayle M Smink
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chunhua Song
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yongqing Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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22
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Xiang Y, Miller AN, McGrath M, Babadoost M. Genotyping-by-Sequencing for Analysis of the Genetic Variation of Podosphaera xanthii, Incitant of Cucurbit Powdery Mildew. Plant Dis 2020; 104:951-957. [PMID: 31891549 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-19-0513-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This research was conducted to identify species causing powdery mildew on cucurbits and to determine genetic variations among isolates of the pathogen. We collected 109 isolates from six cucurbit species hosts (Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, and Lagenaria siceraria) in California, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, New York, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin in the United States and in Italy. By sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear rDNA of these 109 isolates, Podosphaera xanthii was found as the only species causing powdery mildew on cucurbits in the United States. Genotyping-by-sequencing was applied to these 109 isolates to investigate their genetic diversity, which showed a trend of isolates clustering from New York and Italy. In addition, the virulence of 36 isolates was compared and a significant difference (P < 0.0001) was found among them. Furthermore, results of the virulence tests of 28 isolates from Illinois showed significant effects of collection years, hosts, and locations on the virulence of the isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xiang
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - A N Miller
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820
| | - M McGrath
- Cornell University, Riverhead, NY 11901
| | - M Babadoost
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
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23
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McGrath M, Davies KC, Laszczak P, Rek B, McCarthy J, Zahedi S, Moser D. The Influence of Hydraulic Ankles and Microprocessor-control on the Biomechanics of Trans-tibial Amputees During Quiet Standing on a 5° Slope. Can Prosthet Orthot J 2020; 2:33517. [PMID: 37614771 PMCID: PMC10443501 DOI: 10.33137/cpoj.v2i2.33517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower limb amputees have a high incidence of comorbidities, such as osteoarthritis, which are believed to be caused by kinetic asymmetries. A lack of prosthetic adaptation to different terrains requires kinematic compensations, which may influence these asymmetries. METHOD Six SIGAM grade E-F trans-tibial amputees (one bilateral) wore motion capture markers while standing on force plates, facing down a 5° slope. The participants were tested under three prosthetic conditions; a fixed attachment foot (FIX), a hydraulic ankle (HYD) and a microprocessor foot with a 'standing support' mode (MPF). The resultant ground reaction force (GRF) and support moment for prosthetic and sound limbs were chosen as outcome measures. These were compared between prosthetic conditions and to previously captured able-bodied control data. RESULTS The distribution of GRF between sound and prosthetic limbs was not significantly affected by foot type. However, the MPF condition required fewer kinematic compensations, leading to a reduction in sound side support moment of 59% (p=0.001) and prosthetic side support moment of 43% (p=0.02) compared to FIX. For the bilateral participant, only the MPF positioned the GRF vector anterior to the knees, reducing the demand on the residual joints to maintain posture. CONCLUSIONS For trans-tibial amputees, loading on lower limb joints is affected by prosthetic foot technology, due to the kinematic compensations required for slope adaptation. MPFs with 'standing support' might be considered reasonable and necessary for bilateral amputees, or amputees with stability problems due to the reduced biomechanical compensations evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McGrath
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - KC Davies
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - P Laszczak
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - B Rek
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - J McCarthy
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - S Zahedi
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - D Moser
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
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24
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Cai Z, Jia X, Zi J, Song H, Wang S, McGrath M, Zhao L, Song C, Ge Z. BCR-ABL1 transcript decline ratio combined BCR-ABL1 IS as a precise predictor for imatinib response and outcome in the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. J Cancer 2020; 11:2234-2240. [PMID: 32127950 PMCID: PMC7052929 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The early BCR-ABL1 reduction had the prognostic impact of the chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP) patients. This study was to find a more precise early prognosis index at 3 months in the patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP, especially for the patients with BCR-ABL1IS >10%. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 79 newly diagnosed CML-CP patients from October 2013 to April 2017. All patients took imatinib regularly and continuously and monitored BCR-ABL1 transcript level at baseline and 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 months after starting imatinib treatment. Results: Among the 44(55.7%) patients with BCR/ABL1IS ≤10% at 3 months after imatinib treatment, 12(27.3%) cases did not achieve major molecular response (MMR) at 12 months, and 7(14.9%) patients with the halving time BCR-ABL1 transcript ≤40 days failed to achieve MMR at 12 months. However, approximately twenty-six percent of the patients with BCR-ABL1IS >10% still obtained MMR. Moreover, the patients with BCR-ABL1IS ≤10% and halving time ≤40 days had a significantly better MMR than that of the patients with the BCR-ABL1IS ≤10% and halving time >40 days (88.6% versus 11.1%, P <0.001). However, the patients with the BCR-ABL1IS >10% and halving time >40 days rarely achieved MMR at 12 months. Conclusion: These data indicated that the halving time of BCR-ABL1 transcript was also an important prognostic factor as that of the BCR-ABL1IS. Combined observations of these two prognosis indexes are more accurate predictor for the long-term molecular response, especially for the CML-CP patients with BCR-ABL1IS >10%, and which is helpful for TKI switching as early as possible to improve patients' survival and reduce drug costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Cai
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiting Jia
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zi
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huihui Song
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Lidong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Zheng Ge
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Fuhr DC, Ataturk C, McGrath M, Ilkkursun Z, Woodward A, Sondorp E, Roberts B. Treatment gap and mental health service use among Syrian refugees in Turkey. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Turkey hosts the highest number of Syrian refugees in Europe. Refugees are often vulnerable to situational forms of psychosocial distress as a consequence of exposure to war and violence which may result in more profound mental health problems if no treatment is sought. The aim of this study is to report evidence on mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) needs, access and barriers to MHPSS care among Syrians refugees living in Istanbul, Turkey.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Syrian refugees aged 18 years or over in Istanbul (Sultanbeyli) between February and May 2018. Data among 1’678 Syrian refugees were collected on mental health outcomes using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist (PCL-5) and the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-25) for depression and anxiety. We also collected data on health care utilization, barriers to seeking and continuing care as well as knowledge and attitudes towards mental health. Descriptive analyses were used.
Results
The prevalence of PTSD, depression and anxiety was 19.6%, 34.7% and 36.1% respectively. The treatment gap was 89% for PTSD, 90% for anxiety and 88% for depression. 249 respondents (15%) screened positive for either PTSD, depression or anxiety in our survey and self-reported emotional/behavioural problems since arriving in Sultanbeyli. Several structural and attitudinal barriers for not seeking care were reported.
Conclusions
To overcome the treatment gap, mental health care programmes need to be more responsive to the needs of Syrian refugees. Barriers to seeking and continuing care can be overcome by providing MHPSS services in the community which facilitate access to care. Community-based programmes of care should be supported by activities which increase awareness about mental health issues and tackle negative attitudes towards mental illness.
Key messages
This study provides the first nationally representative data on the mental health of Syrian refugees in Turkey, and shows that refugees have high mental health needs. Syrian refugees do not seek mental health care despite availability of mental health services in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Fuhr
- Public Health and Policy, LSHTM, London, UK
| | - C Ataturk
- Public Health and Policy, LSHTM, London, UK
| | - M McGrath
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Sehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Z Ilkkursun
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Sehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Woodward
- KIT, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - E Sondorp
- KIT, Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - B Roberts
- Public Health and Policy, LSHTM, London, UK
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26
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Gowda C, Song C, Ding Y, Iyer S, Dhanyamraju PK, McGrath M, Bamme Y, Soliman M, Kane S, Payne JL, Dovat S. Cellular signaling and epigenetic regulation of gene expression in leukemia. Adv Biol Regul 2019; 75:100665. [PMID: 31623972 PMCID: PMC7239353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2019.100665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in normal regulation of gene expression is one of the key features of hematopoietic malignancies. In order to gain insight into the mechanisms that regulate gene expression in these diseases, we dissected the role of the Ikaros protein in leukemia. Ikaros is a DNA-binding, zinc finger protein that functions as a transcriptional regulator and a tumor suppressor in leukemia. The use of ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, and ATAC-seq—coupled with functional experiments—revealed that Ikaros regulates both the global epigenomic landscape and epigenetic signature at promoter regions of its target genes. Casein kinase II (CK2), an oncogenic kinase that is overexpressed in leukemia, directly phosphorylates Ikaros at multiple, evolutionarily-conserved residues. Phosphorylation of Ikaros impairs the protein's ability to regulate both the transcription of its target genes and global epigenetic landscape in leukemia. Treatment of leukemia cells with a specific inhibitor of CK2 restores Ikaros function, resulting in cytotoxicity of leukemia cells. Here, we review the mechanisms through which the CK2-Ikaros signaling axis regulates the global epigenomic landscape and expression of genes that control cellular proliferation in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrika Gowda
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yali Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Soumya Iyer
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Pavan K Dhanyamraju
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yevgeniya Bamme
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Mario Soliman
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shriya Kane
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jonathon L Payne
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sinisa Dovat
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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27
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Herres J, Beaudoin F, Chang B, Datner E, Rabinowitz A, McGrath M, Peacock F, House S, Musey P, Hendry P, McLean S. 373 Determining Patterns of Postconcussive Symptoms in Adults Presenting to the Emergency Department After Motor Vehicle Collision Across Age Groups. Ann Emerg Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.08.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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McGrath M, Eramo M, Gurung R, Sriratana A, Feeney S, Gehrig S, Lynch G, Lazarou M, McLean C, Mitchell C. O.36Defective lysosome homeostasis during autophagy causes skeletal muscle disease. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Yang D, Zhang Q, Ma Y, Che Z, Zhang W, Wu M, Wu L, Liu F, Chu Y, Xu W, McGrath M, Song C, Liu J. Augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of adenosine against pancreatic cancer by switching the Akt/p21-dependent senescence to apoptosis. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:114-127. [PMID: 31495718 PMCID: PMC6796568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are many reports of the anti-tumour effects of exogenous adenosine in gastrointestinal tumours. Gemcitabine, a first line agent for patients with poor performance status, and adenosine have structural similarities. For these reasons, it is worth exploring the therapeutic efficacy of adenosine and its underlying mechanism in pancreatic cancer. Methods Tumour volumes and survival periods were measured in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of pancreatic cancer. The Akt-p21 signalling axis was blocked by p21 silencing or by the Akt inhibitor GSK690693. The combined effect of GSK690693 and adenosine was calculated by the Chou-Talalay equation and verified by measuring fluorescent areas in orthotopic models. Findings Among the PDX mice, the tumour volume in the adenosine treatment group was only 61% of that in the saline treatment group. Adenosine treatment in combination with the Akt inhibitor, GSK690693, or the silencing of p21 to interfere with the Akt-p21 axis can switch the senescence-to-apoptosis signal and alleviate drug resistance. A GSK690693-adenosine combination caused 37.4% further reduction of tumour fluorescent areas in orthotopic models compared with that observed in adenosine monotherapy. Interpretation: Our data confirmed the therapeutic effect of adenosine on pancreatic cancer, and revealed the potential of Akt inhibitors as sensitization agents in this treatment. Fund The work is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Dongqin Yang (81572336, 81770579) and Jie Liu (81630016, 81830080), and jointly by the Development Fund for Shanghai Talents (201660).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqin Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfang Ma
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Che
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Wu
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Department of Library, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Immunology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Immunology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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30
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McGrath M, McCarthy J, Gallego A, Kercher A, Zahedi S, Moser D. The Influence of Perforated Prosthetic Liners on Residual Limb Wound Healing: a Case Report. Can Prosthet Orthot J 2019; 2:32723. [PMID: 37614809 PMCID: PMC10443507 DOI: 10.33137/cpoj.v2i1.32723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION Good residual limb skin health is vital to successful prosthetic prescription. Unnatural loading profiles and excessive sweating can lead to skin and soft tissue problems. Perforated liners allow the transport of moisture away from the skin and allow negative pressure (a condition that has been shown to aid wound healing) to act directly on the residuum surface. AIM Assess the effects of perforated prosthetic liner use, particularly with respect to wound healing. METHOD Three patient histories were retrospectively reviewed following prescription of perforated prosthetic liners due to excessive sweating or prolonged residual limb health concerns. Photographic records from patient files were used to document changes in residual limb condition. Patients also provided subjective feedback regarding their experiences. FINDINGS Two cases described active amputees with persistent blistering irritated during exercise. Another case described a patient of low mobility level with a history of residual limb skin infections. All saw their conditions heal and reported a reduction in problematic sweating. Two patients reported cancelling surgical interventions after substantial improvements with the perforated liner. DISCUSSION These findings provide evidence that the use of perforated prosthetic liners allow improvements in residual limb health, while still permitting prosthetic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. McGrath
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - J. McCarthy
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - A. Gallego
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - A. Kercher
- Endolite North America, Miamisburg, OH, USA
| | - S. Zahedi
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - D. Moser
- Blatchford Group, Unit D Antura, Bond Close, Basingstoke, RG24 8PZ, UK
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31
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Yang C, Song Y, Chen Z, Yuan X, Chen X, Ding G, Guan Y, McGrath M, Song C, Tong Y, Wang H. A Nonsense Mutation in COL4A4 Gene Causing Isolated Hematuria in Either Heterozygous or Homozygous State. Front Genet 2019; 10:628. [PMID: 31312213 PMCID: PMC6614519 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alport syndrome (AS) is a hereditary nephropathy characterized by glomerular basement membrane lesions. AS shows a relatively rare entity with autosomal dominant gene mutation (accounts for less than 5% of AS cases) and is widely believed to be a consequence of heterozygous variants in the COL4A3 and COL4A4 genes. Until now, there have been no reports of homozygous variants in genes in AS patients, and it is scarce to detect both homozygous and heterozygous variants in a single AS pedigree. We performed genetic analysis by exome sequencing (exome-seq) in a Chinese family with AS and found four individuals harboring the COL4A4 c.4599T > G variant, a novel COL4A4 nonsense mutation that gains stop codon and results in a truncated protein. The proband and her two siblings were determined to be heterozygous, whereas their mother was homozygous. The proband satisfied the criteria for the diagnosis of AS, which included clinical manifestations of microscopic hematuria and proteinuria, and pathological features of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), including irregular thickening and splitting. However, the other three individuals who were homozygous or heterozygous for the variant exhibited mild clinical features with isolated microscopic hematuria. In summary, we identified a novel pathogenic variant in either the heterozygous or homozygous state of the COL4A4 gene in a Chinese family with AS. Our results also suggest that the severity of clinical manifestations may not be entirely attributed to by the COL4A4 genetic variant itself in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Renal Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Song
- Renal Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Renal Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohan Yuan
- Renal Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Renal Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Renal Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Guan
- Ultrastructure Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Yongqing Tong
- Department of Laboratory Science, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Renal Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Iyer SC, Kane S, Gowda C, Song C, Ding Y, Payne J, Raju PKD, Tan B, McGrath M, Bamme Y, Solimon M, Cury NM, Desai D, Sharma A, Payne KJ, Dovat S. Abstract 871: Regulation of CDC25a expression by the ikaros and casein kinase II (CK2) in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
CDC25A is a member of the CDC25 family of phosphatases that plays a major role in cell cycle progression. Here, we present evidence that expression of CDC25a in T-ALL is regulated at the transcriptional level by oncogenic Casein Kinase II (CK2) via direct phosphorylation of Ikaros, a transcription factor and tumor suppressor protein. Global chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with next-generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) studies in both primary human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells and cell lines, demonstrated that Ikaros binds to the promoter of the CDC25a gene. Ikaros functions as a tumor suppressor protein and deletion of which is associated with development of T-ALL. Ikaros binding to CDC25a promoter was confirmed by quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation (qChIP) in primary T-ALL cells. Ikaros knock-down with shRNA results in increased transcription of CDC25a in T-ALL. In mice, T-ALL cells that were derived from Ikaros-knockout mice express high levels of CDC25a. Transduction of these cells with Ikaros-containing retrovirus results in sharp reduction of CDC25a expression. Overexpression of CK2 via retroviral transduction resulted in increased transcription of the CDC25a gene, as measured by qRT-PCR, as well as increased overall expression of CDC25a, as measured by Western blot. Increased expression of CK2 was associated with a loss of Ikaros binding to the CDC25a gene promoter. Molecular inhibition of CK2 using shRNA, as well as pharmacological inhibition with a specific CK2 inhibitor resulted in reduced expression of CDC25a in primary human T-ALL. CK2 inhibition was also associated with strong reduction in AKT phosphorylation, emphasizing that CK2 inhibition downregulates CDC25a and other cell cycle progression genes. Inhibition of CK2 was associated with increased Ikaros binding at the promoter of CDC25a. Ikaros knock-down restored high expression of CDC25a in T-ALL cells that were treated with CK2 inhibitors. These data showed that CK2 and Ikaros are major transcriptional regulators of CDC25a transcription in T-ALL and that CK2 inhibition represses CDC25a transcription via Ikaros-mediated repression. In conclusion, these results indicate that expression of the CDC25a oncogene in T-ALL is regulated by the CK2 which modulates Ikaros activity. Presented data revealed a novel mechanism of therapeutic action of CK2 inhibitors - repression of CDC25a expression via Ikaros. Results provide a rationale for the use of novel CK2 inhibitors in T-ALL.
Citation Format: Soumya C. Iyer, Shriya Kane, Chandrika Gowda, Chunhua Song, Yali Ding, Jon Payne, Pavan Kumar Dhanyam Raju, Bihua Tan, Mary McGrath, Yevgeniya Bamme, Mario Solimon, Nathalia Moreno Cury, Dhimant Desai, Arati Sharma, Kimberly J. Payne, Sinisa Dovat. Regulation of CDC25a expression by the ikaros and casein kinase II (CK2) in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 871.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya C. Iyer
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | | | - Chandrika Gowda
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Chunhua Song
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Yali Ding
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Jon Payne
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | | | - Bihua Tan
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Mary McGrath
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Yevgeniya Bamme
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | | | | | - Dhimant Desai
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Arati Sharma
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | | | - Sinisa Dovat
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
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song C, Ge Z, Gowda C, Ding Y, Payne J, Tan B, Cury NM, Dovat E, Zhao Z, Lyu X, McGrath M, Desai D, lyer S, DhanyamRaju PK, Payne KJ, Dovat S. Abstract 286: Synergistic efficacy of CK2 inhibitor with common chemotherapy drugs by restoring Ikaros function in high-risk ALL. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: IKZF1 gene-coding protein, Ikaros functions as a leukemia suppressor. Casein Kinase II activity is overexpressed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and CK2-mediated-dysfunction of Ikaros is one of the key reason for high-risk ALL and CK2 inhibitor -CX4945 treatment shows high therapeutic efficacy on high-risk ALL. The anti-apoptotic factors are highly expressed in leukemia and the commonly-used 1st-line chemotherapy drugs exerts the anti-tumor effect by suppression of anti-apoptosis signaling. Ikaros binding peaks was identified in the promoter of anti-apoptotic genes by ChIP-seq, suggesting Ikaros regulation on their expression. These observations also suggest the synergistic effect of restoring Ikaros function with common chemotherapy durgs in ALL.
Methods: The ChIP-seq and qChIP assays were performed to determine the enrichment of Ikaros and H3K4me3 in promotor of the genes. Lentiviral Ikaros or IKZF1 shRNA were used for functional analysis. WST-1 cell proliferation assay, Annexin-V staining plus flow cytometry and Patients-derived xenograft mouse (PDX) model were used for observing the anti-tumor effect in vitro and in vivo, respectively.
Results: ChIP-seq and qChIP assays identified Ikaros binding peaks in the promoter of anti-apoptotic genes in cell-lines and patients’ samples. Ikaros overexpression suppresses but IKZF1 knockdown promotes the gene expression. CX-4945 suppresses the expression of the genes by decreasing the H3k27me3 enrichment in an Ikaros and HDAC1-dependent manner in B-ALL cells. The anti-apoptotic gene is significantly up-regulated in ALL patients. CX-4945+chemoterhapy drugs significantly induces the cell proliferation arrest and apoptosis compared to single drugs in vitro and also show the synergistic effect analyzed by CalcuSyn software. CX-4945+chemotherapy drugs significantly reduced the total leukemia cells and % leukemic cells in the three high-risk B-ALL Patient Derived Xenograft (PDX) mice model compared to that of single drugs, which indicated that their synergistic therapeutic efficacy on leukemia development.
Conclusion: Ikaros suppressed anti-apoptotic gene expression through histone modification in ALL. CK2 inhibitor, CX-4945 by restoring Ikaros function have synergistic efficacy with common chemotherapy drugs on high-risk B-ALL.
Citation Format: chunhua song, Zheng Ge, Chandrika Gowda, Yali Ding, Jonathon Payne, Bihua Tan, Nathalia M. Cury, Elanora Dovat, Zhijun Zhao, Xiaoguang Lyu, Mary McGrath, Dhimant Desai, Soumya lyer, Pavan K. DhanyamRaju, Kimberly J. Payne, Sinisa Dovat. Synergistic efficacy of CK2 inhibitor with common chemotherapy drugs by restoring Ikaros function in high-risk ALL [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 286.
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Affiliation(s)
- chunhua song
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Zheng Ge
- 2Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, PA
| | - Chandrika Gowda
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Yali Ding
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Jonathon Payne
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Bihua Tan
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | | | - Elanora Dovat
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Xiaoguang Lyu
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Mary McGrath
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Dhimant Desai
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Soumya lyer
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | | | | | - Sinisa Dovat
- 1Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
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Maguire A, Chen X, Wisner L, Malasi S, Ramsower C, Kendrick S, Barrett M, Glinsmann-Gibson B, McGrath M, Rimsza L. REDUCED BCL2
EXPRESSION SUGGESTS ALTERNATIVE SURVIVAL MECHANISMS IN HIV(+) DIFFUSE LARGE B CELL LYMPHOMA (DLBCL) OF GERMINAL CENTER ORIGIN. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.12_2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Maguire
- Research; Mayo Clinic; Scottsdale AZ United States
| | - X. Chen
- Research Biostatistics; Mayo Clinic; Scottsdale AZ United States
| | - L. Wisner
- Research; Mayo Clinic; Scottsdale AZ United States
| | - S. Malasi
- Research; Mayo Clinic; Scottsdale AZ United States
| | - C. Ramsower
- Research; Mayo Clinic; Scottsdale AZ United States
| | - S. Kendrick
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; Little Rock AR United States
| | - M.T. Barrett
- Research; Mayo Clinic; Scottsdale AZ United States
| | | | - M. McGrath
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of California; San Francisco CA United States
| | - L. Rimsza
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic; Phoenix AZ United States
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Zhang Q, Han Q, Zi J, Ma J, Song H, Tian Y, McGrath M, Song C, Ge Z. Mutations in EZH2 are associated with poor prognosis for patients with myeloid neoplasms. Genes Dis 2019; 6:276-281. [PMID: 32042866 PMCID: PMC6997607 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
EZH2 is a component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which is a highly conserved histone methyltransferase that methylates lysine 27 of histone 3. EZH2 mutations are associated with oncogenesis and progression of cancers. However, the relationship between the clinical outcome of patients with myeloid malignancies and EZH2 mutations is controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of 8 studies (n = 2243 patients) that evaluates the correlation between EZH2 mutations and overall survival (OS) in patients with myeloid neoplasms. EZH2 mutations were associated with significantly worse OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.37, 95% confidential interval (CI), 1.48–3.79). In a word, EZH2 mutations indicate a poor prognosis for patients with myeloid neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Zi
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinlong Ma
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huihui Song
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yulu Tian
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Zheng Ge
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Gnech M, Lovatt CA, McGrath M, Rickard M, Sanger S, Lorenzo AJ, Braga LH. Quality of reporting and fragility index for randomized controlled trials in the vesicoureteral reflux literature: where do we stand? J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:204-212. [PMID: 31060965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/INTRODUCTION Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the "gold standard" methodology for examining the effects of clinical interventions, yet only 1% of urology literature employs this design. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement contains a standardized checklist of 37 items to be included when reporting RCTs to ensure transparency and completeness of information [2]. Despite the robust design of RCTs, the number of events can greatly change the significance of the results, which can be represented by the fragility index (FI). OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the quality of reporting of RCTs in the pediatric vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) literature using the 2010 CONSORT statement and, for studies with significant positive findings, to determine the FI as a measure of robustness of the results. STUDY DESIGN A comprehensive search was conducted through MEDLINE® and Embase® to identify RCTs in VUR literature from 2000 to 2016. Two reviewers independently selected articles, which were evaluated using the CONSORT checklist. An overall quality of reporting score (OQS) (%) was calculated by dividing the number of checklist items present in each study by the maximum possible score (34) and expressed as a percentage. Studies were classified as low (<40%), moderate (40-70%) and high quality (>70%) based on the modified assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews (AMSTAR) checklist. Of the 2052 initial matches, 98% were excluded due to methodology or content, a further 28 studies were found not to meet inclusion criteria after full text review. The FI was calculated for the 7 studies that met inclusion criteria with significantly different results by manually adding events to the study groups until p>0.05. RESULTS Twenty-two studies met inclusion criteria. The mean OQS was 46+17% with 9 (41%) identified as low quality (score <40%), 11 (50%) as moderate (40-70%) and 2 (9%) as high quality (>70%). There was no significant difference in OQS between RCTs with a sample size > 100 (n=15) versus <100 patients (n=7) (45+17% vs. 47+17%, p=0.7). However, we noted a difference when we compared RCTs with biostatistician support (n=4) vs. those without (n=18) (59+20% vs. 43+15%, p<0.05). Seven studies reported significant positive results making calculation of FI possible. The mean FI was 5.8+5.1 indicating that most studies were fragile. There was no correlation between the OQS and FI. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The mean OQS of VUR RCTs was suboptimal (46%), with most studies having low FI scores indicating the instability of the findings. The only variable that significantly impacted the OQS was biostatistician support. Implementation of the CONSORT checklist with a minimum of 50% inclusion as a prerequisite for submission of manuscripts may improve the quality and transparency of reporting. Calculation of the FI could provide readers with an objective measure of robustness for the published trials, allowing for appropriate interpretation of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gnech
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Section of Paediatric Urology, Urology Unit, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - C A Lovatt
- Department of Surgery/Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M McGrath
- Department of Surgery/Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; McMaster Pediatric Surgery Research Collaborative, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Rickard
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Sanger
- Health Sciences Library, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - A J Lorenzo
- University of Toronto, Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Surgery, 555 University Avenue, M5G 1X8, Toronto, Canada
| | - L H Braga
- Department of Surgery/Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; McMaster Pediatric Surgery Research Collaborative, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Peterson JF, Pitel BA, Smoley SA, Smadbeck JB, Johnson SH, Vasmatzis G, Koon SJ, Webley MR, McGrath M, Bayerl MG, Baughn LB, Rowsey RA, Ketterling RP, Greipp PT, Hoppman NL. Detection of a cryptic NUP214/ABL1 gene fusion by mate-pair sequencing (MPseq) in a newly diagnosed case of pediatric T-lymphoblastic leukemia. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2019; 5:mcs.a003533. [PMID: 30936193 PMCID: PMC6549564 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a003533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematopoietic neoplasm involving the bone marrow and blood that accounts for ∼15% of childhood and 25% of adult ALL. Whereas multiple, recurrent genetic abnormalities have been described in T-ALL, their clinical significance is unclear or controversial. Importantly, ABL1 rearrangements, most commonly described in BCR/ABL1-positive B-ALL and BCR-ABL1-like B-ALL, have been observed in T-ALL and may respond to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. We describe a newly diagnosed case of pediatric T-ALL with a fluorescence in situ hybridization abnormality suggesting a partial ABL1 deletion by a BCR/ABL1 dual-color dual-fusion probe but that demonstrated a normal result using an ABL1 break-apart probe. Mate-pair sequencing (MPseq), a next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based technology utilized to detect copy number and structural abnormalities with high resolution and precision throughout the genome, was performed and revealed a NUP214/ABL1 gene fusion that has been demonstrated to be sensitive to TKI therapy. This case demonstrates the power of MPseq to resolve chromosomal abnormalities unappreciable by traditional cytogenetic methodologies and highlights the clinical value of this novel NGS-based technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jess F Peterson
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Beth A Pitel
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Stephanie A Smoley
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - James B Smadbeck
- Center for Individualized Medicine-Biomarker Discovery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Sarah H Johnson
- Center for Individualized Medicine-Biomarker Discovery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - George Vasmatzis
- Center for Individualized Medicine-Biomarker Discovery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Sarah J Koon
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Matthew R Webley
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Mary McGrath
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
| | - Michael G Bayerl
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
| | - Linda B Baughn
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Ross A Rowsey
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Rhett P Ketterling
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Patricia T Greipp
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Nicole L Hoppman
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
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McGrath M, Lever S, McCluskey A, Power E. Developing interventions to address sexuality after stroke: Findings from a four-panel modified Delphi study. J Rehabil Med 2019; 51:352-360. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Gu Y, Han Q, McGrath M, Song C, Ge Z. Clinical significance of novel SH2B3 mutations in adult Chinese acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Leuk Res 2018; 72:67-70. [PMID: 30103202 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; International Cooperative Leukemia Group and International Cooperative Laboratory of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; International Cooperative Leukemia Group and International Cooperative Laboratory of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University Medical College, Hershey, PA17033, USA
| | - Chunhua Song
- International Cooperative Leukemia Group and International Cooperative Laboratory of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University Medical College, Hershey, PA17033, USA.
| | - Zheng Ge
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Institute of Hematology Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; International Cooperative Leukemia Group and International Cooperative Laboratory of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Gowda CS, Song C, McGrath M, Annageldiyev C, payne K, Dovat S. Abstract 5426: Regulation of mTOR signaling pathway by Ikaros and CK2 in high risk leukemia. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-5426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children. Alterations in IKZF1 have proven to be an indicator of inferior outcome in patients with high-risk ALL. Casein Kinase II (CK2) is a pro-oncogenic protein which is overexpressed in various cancers including leukemia. CK2 phosphorylates Ikaros and impairs its tumor suppressor functions. Targeted inhibition of CK2 restores Ikaros tumor suppressor function in high-risk B-ALL even in cases with single allele Ikaros deletion. Global chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) coupled with the next-generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) studies in primary human B-ALL cells and in cell lines, demonstrated Ikaros occupancy of the promoter of genes involved in mTOR pathway. mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) is the key component of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway - a major signaling pathway that stimulates cellular proliferation in B-ALL. Several specific inhibitor of mTOR (rapamycin, Everolimus, sirolimus) are currently being used for the treatment of relapsed/refractory leukemia.
Objective of this study is to understand the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of mTOR in B- ALL. We hypothesize that Ikaros negatively regulates the mTOR pathway by repressing transcription of mTOR and PI3K genes.
Ikaros binding to promoters of mTOR and genes that promote the PI3K pathway was confirmed using quantitative ChIP. Functional experiments such as overexpression of Ikaros in B-ALL cells results in transcriptional repression of mTOR and PI3K genes whereas Ikaros silencing using shRNA resulted in increased transcription. These results suggest that Ikaros negatively regulates the mTOR pathway by repressing transcription of mTOR and PI3K genes. Molecular inhibition of CK2 with shRNA targeting the CK2 catalytic subunit, as well as pharmacological targeting of CK2 with CX4945 resulted in transcriptional repression of mTOR and PI3K genes. CK2 inhibition was associated with increased Ikaros DNA-binding to the promoters of mTOR and PI3K genes. However, the ability of CX4945 to repress mTOR and PI3K genes is lost or severely reduced, in cells with shRNA silencing of Ikaros, as compared to cells with intact Ikaros. Moreover, similar results were noted following treatment with CX4945 in leukemia cells obtained from high risk B-ALL patients with deletion of one IKZF1 allele. Ikaros binds poorly to promoters of mTOR and PI3K genes in these cells. Treatment with CX4945 restores Ikaros DNA-binding to the promoters of both mTOR and PI3K genes, which is associated with strong repression of mTOR and PI3K genes.
In conclusion, these results suggest that CK2 inhibition with CX4945 represses the mTOR pathway by enhancing Ikaros-mediated transcriptional repression of mTOR and PI3K pathway genes. Results provide the rationale for the use of CK2 inhibitors in combination with mTOR inhibitors in high risk leukemia with dysregulation of mTOR/PI3K pathway.
Citation Format: Chandrika S. Gowda, Chunhua Song, Mary McGrath, Charyguly Annageldiyev, Kimberly payne, Sinisa Dovat. Regulation of mTOR signaling pathway by Ikaros and CK2 in high risk leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5426.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chunhua Song
- 1Penn State Univ. Hershey Medical Ctr., Hershey, PA
| | - Mary McGrath
- 1Penn State Univ. Hershey Medical Ctr., Hershey, PA
| | | | | | - Sinisa Dovat
- 1Penn State Univ. Hershey Medical Ctr., Hershey, PA
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Che Z, Liu F, Zhang W, McGrath M, Hou D, Chen P, Song C, Yang D. Targeting CAND1 promotes caspase-8/RIP1-dependent apoptosis in liver cancer cells. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:1357-1372. [PMID: 29887951 PMCID: PMC5992550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cullin-associated NEDD8-dissociated 1 (CAND1) plays a vital role in regulating the activity of Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs), which are frequently dysregulated in cancer. However, the role of CAND1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. Here, we found that CAND1 was overexpressed in HCC tissues compared to corresponding adjacent liver tissues (71.7% vs 16.7%); high expression of CAND1 was associated with poor overall survival (40.7 vs 57.3 months, P=0.0013); and CAND1 was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of HCC patients (N=138, P=0.018). Functional studies revealed that CAND1 knockdown efficiently suppressed the proliferation of liver cancer cells by activating caspase-8-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis. We also observed a mutual activation loop between caspase-8 and Receptor Interacting Protein 1 (RIP1), which amplified CAND1 knockdown-induced apoptotic signals in the cells. Furthermore, RIP1 inhibitor Necrostatin-1 eliminated the activation of caspase-8. In conclusion, our study pioneered in reporting high CAND1 expression as a predictor of poor prognosis for HCC patients. CAND1 silencing suppressed HCC cell proliferation by inducing caspase-8/RIP1-dependent apoptosis. These findings supported that CAND1 could be a new therapeutic target for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Che
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Fuchen Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey 17033, PA, USA
| | - Daisen Hou
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHershey 17033, PA, USA
| | - Dongqin Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040, China
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Hu J, Han Q, Gu Y, Ma J, McGrath M, Qiao F, Chen B, Song C, Ge Z. Circular RNA PVT1 expression and its roles in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Epigenomics 2018; 10:723-732. [PMID: 29693417 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The roles of circular RNA PVT1 (circPVT1) are explored in the patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). METHODS The circPVT1 level was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. The apoptotic cells were examined by the annexin V assay in lentiviral shRNA knockdown cells. RESULTS circPVT1 was highly expressed in ALL compared with normal bone marrow samples. circPVT1 expression was also significantly higher in ALL cell lines. circPVT1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis through suppression of its neighbor gene c-Myc, and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression. CONCLUSION circPVT1 is upregulated in ALL. Silencing circPVT1 results in cell growth arrest and apoptosis of the cells. Our results also suggested a therapeutic potential of targeting circPVT1 in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Hu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinlong Ma
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University Medical College, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Fengchang Qiao
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University Medical College, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Zheng Ge
- Department of Hematology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Tong YQ, Zhao ZJ, Liu B, Bao AY, Zheng HY, Gu J, Xia Y, McGrath M, Dovat S, Song CH, Li Y. New rapid method to detect BCR-ABL fusion genes with multiplex RT-qPCR in one-tube at a time. Leuk Res 2018; 69:47-53. [PMID: 29655153 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fast identification of BCR-ABL fusion genes is critical for precise diagnosis, risk stratification and therapy scheme selection in leukemia. More convenient methods are needed for quickly detection of the BCR-ABL fusion genes. Multiplex fluorescent reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (Multiplex RT-qPCR) methods are developed for detection of the at least 14 subtypes of BCR-ABL fusion genes in one tube at a time by using patients' bone marrow samples. The new Multiplex RT-qPCR method could quickly detect BCR-ABL fusion genes with sensitivity up to 10-106 copies. It can detect the fusion genes in patients' bone marrow samples containing any subtypes of the major bcr (M-bcr) e13a2, e14a2, e13a3 and e14a3, the minor bcr (m-bcr) e1a2 and e1a3, the micro bcr (μ-bcr) e19a2 and e19a3, and the nano bcr (n-bcr) e6a2 and e6a3. The specificity is comparable to the FISH methods. The cutoff for clinical diagnosis of BCR-ABL(+) is also determined by testing in clinical chronic myeloid leukemia samples. This is a new fast method with high sensitivity and specificity for clinical detection of BCR-ABL fusion genes. It will benefit the precise diagnosis, targeted therapy and minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qing Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, PR China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Pathology Affiliated Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, PR China
| | - An-Yu Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Hong-Yun Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, PR China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Sinisa Dovat
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Chun-Hua Song
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
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Tong Y, Zhao Z, Liu B, Bao A, Zheng H, Gu J, McGrath M, Xia Y, Tan B, Song C, Li Y. 5'/ 3' imbalance strategy to detect ALK fusion genes in circulating tumor RNA from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:68. [PMID: 29587818 PMCID: PMC5870746 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Detecting an ALK fusion gene in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) could provide evidence to guide individualized therapy. Methods The 5′/3′ imbalance strategy for quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR) was developed to detect ALK fusion genes in circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA) of NSCLC patients. Results This method was validated in patients with the ALK fusion gene confirmed by next generation sequencing (NGS). The amount of the ALK fusion gene detected by the new method ranged from 33.2 to 987.4, (mean 315.2), in the patients confirmed to have the ALK fusion gene (+). This is much higher than the amount of fusion gene detected in the patients who are negative for the ALK fusion gene (−). The amount detected in the ALK fusion gene (−) samples ranged from 0.36 to 13.04, (mean 4.58). In 188 NSCLC patients, the specificity and sensitivity of the method was compared to that of the FISH method. About 10.64% of the patients showed higher ALK fusion gene expression, and were classified as ALK fusion gene (+). This is identical to the percentage of patients detected by the FISH method to be ALK fusion gene (+). The cutoff value for diagnosis of ALK fusion (+) is 32.9 as determined by this method. Conclusions A new RT-PCR method using a 5′/3′ imbalance strategy was developed, with high specificity and sensitivity, for detection of the ALK fusion gene in ctRNA of NSCLC patients. This method can rapidly detect ALK fusion genes in patients, which will be helpful for guiding targeted therapy, particularly the individualized usage of TKIs in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Ziyang Road of Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Pathology Affiliated Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
| | - Anyu Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Ziyang Road of Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Ziyang Road of Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Ziyang Road of Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mary McGrath
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical center, Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital, PO Box 850, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Bihua Tan
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical center, Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital, PO Box 850, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Chunhua Song
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine and Hershey Medical center, Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital, PO Box 850, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Ziyang Road of Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Lietz K, Barreiro C, Philpott J, Flink C, McGrath M, Herre J. Impact of Surgical Bleeding on the Cost of Hospitalization for Left-Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Laszczak P, McGrath M, Tang J, Gao J, Jiang L, Bader DL, Moser D, Zahedi S. A pressure and shear sensor system for stress measurement at lower limb residuum/socket interface. Med Eng Phys 2016; 38:695-700. [PMID: 27118308 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A sensor system for measurement of pressure and shear at the lower limb residuum/socket interface is described. The system comprises of a flexible sensor unit and a data acquisition unit with wireless data transmission capability. Static and dynamic performance of the sensor system was characterised using a mechanical test machine. The static calibration results suggest that the developed sensor system presents high linearity (linearity error ≤ 3.8%) and resolution (0.9 kPa for pressure and 0.2 kPa for shear). Dynamic characterisation of the sensor system shows hysteresis error of approximately 15% for pressure and 8% for shear. Subsequently, a pilot amputee walking test was conducted. Three sensors were placed at the residuum/socket interface of a knee disarticulation amputee and simultaneous measurements were obtained during pilot amputee walking test. The pressure and shear peak values as well as their temporal profiles are presented and discussed. In particular, peak pressure and shear of approximately 58 kPa and 27 kPa, respectively, were recorded. Their temporal profiles also provide dynamic coupling information at this critical residuum/socket interface. These preliminary amputee test results suggest strong potential of the developed sensor system for exploitation as an assistive technology to facilitate socket design, socket fit and effective monitoring of lower limb residuum health.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Laszczak
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, UK.
| | - M McGrath
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, UK
| | - J Tang
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, UK
| | - J Gao
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, UK
| | - L Jiang
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, UK
| | - D L Bader
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - D Moser
- Chas. A. Blatchford & Sons Ltd, Endolite Technology Centre, Kingsland Business park, Hampshire RG24 8PZ, UK
| | - S Zahedi
- Chas. A. Blatchford & Sons Ltd, Endolite Technology Centre, Kingsland Business park, Hampshire RG24 8PZ, UK
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Satchell G, McGrath M, Dixon J, Pfau T, Weller R. Effects of Time of Day, Ambient Temperature and Relative Humidity on the Repeatability of Infrared Thermographic Imaging in Horses. Equine Vet J 2015; 47 Suppl 48:13-4. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12486_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Satchell
- Department of Clinical Science and Services; The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hatfield Hertfordshire AL9 7TA UK
| | - M. McGrath
- Department of Clinical Science and Services; The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hatfield Hertfordshire AL9 7TA UK
| | - J. Dixon
- Department of Clinical Science and Services; The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hatfield Hertfordshire AL9 7TA UK
| | - T. Pfau
- Department of Clinical Science and Services; The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hatfield Hertfordshire AL9 7TA UK
| | - R. Weller
- Department of Clinical Science and Services; The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hatfield Hertfordshire AL9 7TA UK
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Amedoro S, Guay J, McGrath M, Keaveney J. A-59Analysis of Subjective and Objective Memory Deficits Following Concussion. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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49
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Bershad EM, Urfy MZ, Pechacek A, McGrath M, Calvillo E, Horton NJ, Voss SE. Intracranial pressure modulates distortion product otoacoustic emissions: a proof-of-principle study. Neurosurgery 2015; 75:445-54; discussion 454-5. [PMID: 24871147 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an important need to develop a noninvasive method for assessing intracranial pressure (ICP). We report a novel approach for monitoring ICP using cochlear-derived distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), which are affected by ICP. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that changes in ICP may be reflected by altered DPOAE responses via an associated change in perilymphatic pressure. METHODS We measured the ICP and DPOAEs (magnitude and phase angle) during opening and closing in 20 patients undergoing lumbar puncture. RESULTS We collected data on 18 patients and grouped them based on small (<4 mm Hg), medium (5-11 mm Hg), or large (≥15 mm Hg) ICP changes. A permutation test was applied in each group to determine whether changes in DPOAEs differed from zero when ICP changed. We report significant changes in the DPOAE magnitudes and angles, respectively, for the group with the largest ICP changes and no changes for the group with the smallest changes; the group with medium changes had variable DPOAE changes. CONCLUSION We report, for the first time, systematic changes in DPOAE magnitudes and phase in response to acute ICP changes. Future studies are warranted to further develop this new approach. ABBREVIATIONS DPOAE, distortion product otoacoustic emissionICP, intracranial pressureIIH, idiopathic intracranial hypertensionLP, lumbar punctureTBI, traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Bershad
- *Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Houston, Texas; ‡Smith College, Department of Engineering, Northampton, Massachusetts; §Amherst College, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Amherst, Massachusetts
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Azzi J, Ohori S, Ting C, Uehara M, Abdoli R, Smith BD, Safa K, Solhjou Z, Lukyanchykov P, Patel J, McGrath M, Abdi R. Serine protease inhibitor-6 differentially affects the survival of effector and memory alloreactive CD8-T cells. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:234-41. [PMID: 25534448 PMCID: PMC4976694 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The clonal expansion of effector T cells and subsequent generation of memory T cells are critical in determining the outcome of transplantation. While cytotoxic T lymphocytes induce direct cytolysis of target cells through secretion of Granzyme-B (GrB), they also express cytoplasmic serine protease inhibitor-6 (Spi6) to protect themselves from GrB that has leaked from granules. Here, we studied the role of GrB/Spi6 axis in determining clonal expansion of alloreactive CD8-T cells and subsequent generation of memory CD8-T cells in transplantation. CD8-T cells from Spi6(-/-) mice underwent more GrB mediated apoptosis upon alloantigen stimulation in vitro and in vivo following adoptive transfer into an allogeneic host. Interestingly, while OT1.Spi6(-/-) CD8 T cells showed significantly lower clonal expansion following skin transplants from OVA mice, there was no difference in the size of the effector memory CD8-T cells long after transplantation. Furthermore, lack of Spi6 resulted in a decrease of short-lived-effector-CD8-cells but did not impact the pool of memory-precursor-effector-CD8-cells. Similar results were found in heart transplant models. Our findings suggest that the final alloreactive CD8-memory-pool-size is independent from the initial clonal-proliferation as memory precursors express low levels of GrB and therefore are independent of Spi6 for survival. These data advance our understanding of memory T cells generation in transplantation and provide basis for Spi6 based strategies to target effector T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Azzi
- Corresponding authors: Jamil Azzi, and Reza Abdi,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - R. Abdi
- Corresponding authors: Jamil Azzi, and Reza Abdi,
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